WO1995019887A1 - Stratifie, film stratifie et moulage - Google Patents
Stratifie, film stratifie et moulage Download PDFInfo
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- WO1995019887A1 WO1995019887A1 PCT/JP1995/000073 JP9500073W WO9519887A1 WO 1995019887 A1 WO1995019887 A1 WO 1995019887A1 JP 9500073 W JP9500073 W JP 9500073W WO 9519887 A1 WO9519887 A1 WO 9519887A1
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- resin
- layer
- layered compound
- inorganic layered
- film
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
- C08J7/04—Coating
- C08J7/048—Forming gas barrier coatings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/28—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising synthetic resins not wholly covered by any one of the sub-groups B32B27/30 - B32B27/42
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
- B32B27/304—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl halide (co)polymers, e.g. PVC, PVDC, PVF, PVDF
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
- B32B27/306—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl acetate or vinyl alcohol (co)polymers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/34—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyamides
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
- C08J7/04—Coating
- C08J7/042—Coating with two or more layers, where at least one layer of a composition contains a polymer binder
- C08J7/0423—Coating with two or more layers, where at least one layer of a composition contains a polymer binder with at least one layer of inorganic material and at least one layer of a composition containing a polymer binder
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
- C08J7/04—Coating
- C08J7/052—Forming heat-sealable coatings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
- C08K3/346—Clay
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/514—Oriented
- B32B2307/518—Oriented bi-axially
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/724—Permeability to gases, adsorption
- B32B2307/7242—Non-permeable
- B32B2307/7244—Oxygen barrier
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/008—Additives improving gas barrier properties
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
- C08K2201/016—Additives defined by their aspect ratio
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10S428/91—Product with molecular orientation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10S428/913—Material designed to be responsive to temperature, light, moisture
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/25—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/25—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
- Y10T428/252—Glass or ceramic [i.e., fired or glazed clay, cement, etc.] [porcelain, quartz, etc.]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/25—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
- Y10T428/256—Heavy metal or aluminum or compound thereof
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/25—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
- Y10T428/259—Silicic material
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a laminate or a laminate film including at least one layer (or at least a part) of a resin composition having excellent gas barrier properties, and a molded article having a portion composed of the resin composition.
- Gas barrier films which are a type of functional film, are widely used for preserving and protecting contents of foods, pharmaceuticals, agricultural chemicals, cosmetics, and other products where quality is an issue.
- One of the most important of these uses is in the field of packaging.
- the functions required for packaging that is, “wrapping things” or “materials” for packaging are diverse. Examples of such “packaging” functions include mechanical protection, safety, hygiene, workability, merchantability (transparency, printability, heat sealability), convenience, and economy.
- various "gas barrier properties” which are one of the elements for preserving or protecting the contents, are important properties that affect the preservability of the above-mentioned contents such as foods. Distribution forms' With the diversification of packaging technology, stricter regulation of additives, and changes in tastes, the importance of this gas barrier property is increasing more and more. On the other hand, this “gas barrier property” has conventionally been a serious weakness of general plastic materials.
- Gas barrier materials are mainly materials that effectively block oxygen. However, the gas barrier material exhibits an oxygen blocking function and, at the same time, is usually used to control various food deterioration. Paper, vacuum packaging, etc.) Demonstrates essential functions. Such gas barrier materials are based on barrier functions against various gases such as oxygen gas, organic solvent vapors, odors, etc., or based on such functions as anti-honey, odor prevention, sublimation prevention, etc. It is very effectively used in foods such as lettuce childrens, carbon dioxide beverage containers, and many other fields such as cosmetics, agricultural chemicals, and medicine.
- thermoplastic resin oriented polypropylene, polyester, and polyamide films are widely used as packaging materials because of their excellent mechanical properties, heat resistance, and transparency. ing.
- films made of these materials are used for food packaging, their barrier properties against oxygen and other gases are insufficient, so that the contents may be oxidized or deteriorated by the action of aerobic microorganisms, etc. Deterioration of food is likely to occur.
- the flavor components of the food permeate through the package and diffuse to the outside, resulting in loss of the flavor of the food, or the intrusion of moisture from the outside, causing the contents to be moistened and the mouthfeel to deteriorate.
- Various problems are likely to occur. Therefore, when a film made of the above-mentioned material such as polypropylene is used for food packaging, usually, a method of laminating another film (or layer) having a good gas barrier property is often used.
- Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication (Kokai) No. Sho 62-1485332 discloses that 100% by weight of a polyurethane resin solution having a concentration of 30% using 1,6-hexanepolycarboxylic acid-bonate diol is used.
- a coating composition comprising 25 parts by weight of fine powder and 60 parts by weight of dimethylformamide is applied to a release substrate, dried, and then separated from the substrate. A manufacturing method is described.
- Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Sho 644-43554 describes that an aqueous methanol solution of an ethylene / vinyl alcohol copolymer is added with a my force having an average length of 7 m and an aspect ratio of 140. It describes a method of injecting this into cold water to precipitate, filtering and drying to form pellets, and then obtaining a film. Furthermore, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 3-93532 discloses a coating composition in which a modified silyl group-containing polyvinyl alcohol and a synthetic hectrite are in a weight ratio of 50:50.
- one of the important means for imparting gas barrier properties is to use a metal such as aluminum or an oxide such as silica or alumina on at least one surface of a film made of a thermoplastic resin to form a vacuum.
- a method of forming a thin film by a method such as vapor deposition and imparting a barrier property to the film is known.
- binholes are likely to be formed, and due to lack of flexibility and mechanical strength of the thin film, there is a tendency that the performance of the film is greatly reduced by deformation of the film. It cannot be said that satisfactory gas barrier properties are provided.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a laminated body, a laminated film or a molded article which solves the above-mentioned problems, and more specifically, a laminated body, a laminated film or a molded article having a good level of gas barrier properties. Is to provide. Disclosure of the invention
- the present inventors have conducted intensive studies and found that a layer (or portion) of a resin composition in which an inorganic layered compound having a specific aspect ratio is dispersed in a resin is combined with a layer made of a gas barrier substance. It has been found that making a laminate, a laminated film or a molded article gives a laminate, a laminated film or a molded article exhibiting extremely excellent gas barrier properties.
- the laminate of the present invention is based on the above findings, and more specifically, on a layer made of a gas barrier substance; a resin and an inorganic layer having an aspect ratio of 50 or more and 500 or less.
- a layer made of a gas barrier substance; a resin and an inorganic layer having an aspect ratio of 50 or more and 500 or less there is provided the above-mentioned laminate having a shape of a laminated film.
- a laminated film having at least one layer on a substrate.
- a layer comprising a gas barrier substance; a resin disposed on the gas barrier substance layer; and an inorganic layered compound having an aspect ratio of 50 or more and 500 or less.
- a laminate comprising a layer of a resin composition containing: BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
- FIG. 1 is a graph schematically showing the relationship between the X-ray diffraction peak of an inorganic layered compound and the “unit thickness a” of the compound.
- FIG. 2 is a graph schematically showing the relationship between the X-ray diffraction peak of a resin composition containing an inorganic layered compound and the “plane spacing d” of the composition.
- FIG. 3 shows the X-ray diffraction peak of the resin composition when the peak corresponding to “plane spacing d” overlaps the halo (or background) and is difficult to detect, and the “plane spacing d” of the composition.
- 6 is a graph schematically showing the relationship with. In this figure, the area of the part excluding the base line on the lower angle side than 2 Sd is defined as the peak corresponding to the “plane spacing d”.
- FIG. 4 shows the present invention comprising a resin film 3, a layer 2 of a gas barrier material disposed on the resin film 3, and an inorganic layered compound-containing layer 1 disposed on the layer 2 of the gas barrier substance.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of the laminated film configuration of FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the laminated film structure of the present invention in which a laminating substrate 4 is further disposed on the inorganic layered compound-containing layer 1 of the embodiment shown in FIG.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing still another embodiment of the laminated film structure of the present invention in which the laminating substrate 4 is further disposed on the surface side of the resin film 3 in the embodiment of FIG.
- FIG. 7 shows an embodiment of the present invention in which the base materials for lamination 4 to 4a are further arranged on both the surface side of the inorganic layered compound-containing layer 1 of the embodiment of FIG. 4 and the surface side of the resin film 3, respectively.
- It is a schematic cross section which shows other aspect of a laminated film structure.
- FIG. 8 shows a laminated film of the present invention comprising a layer 2a of a gas barrier substance having a film forming property and an inorganic layered compound-containing (resin composition) layer 1 disposed on the layer 2a of the gas barrier substance.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating one embodiment of a configuration.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the laminated film structure of the present invention in which the laminating substrate 13 is further disposed on the inorganic layered compound-containing layer 1 of the embodiment shown in FIG.
- FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing still another embodiment of the laminated film structure of the present invention in which a substrate 13 for lamination is further arranged on the surface side of the layer 2 a of the gas barrier substance of the embodiment shown in FIG. FIG.
- FIG. 11 shows the lamination base materials 13 to 13a on both the surface side of the inorganic layered compound-containing layer 1 of the embodiment of FIG. 8 and the surface side of the gas barrier material layer 2a.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing still another embodiment of the laminated film configuration of the present invention having the arrangement.
- FIG. 12 (Table 1) is a table showing the configuration of the laminated films obtained in the examples and the oxygen permeability data.
- FIG. 13 (Table 2) is a table showing the configurations of the laminated films obtained in the other examples and the oxygen permeability data.
- FIG. 14 (Table 3) is a table showing the structures and oxygen permeability data of the laminated films obtained in still another example.
- FIG. 15 is a graph showing the X-ray diffraction peak of the polyvinyl alcohol PVA-117H / Kunipia F composition used in the examples.
- FIG. 16 is a graph showing the X-ray diffraction peak of Kunipia F (montmorillonite) used in the examples.
- FIG. 19 is a graph showing an X-ray diffraction peak (the pattern in FIG. 3 above) of a composition having a plane spacing d ⁇ 4 4 .13 ⁇ .
- FIG. 20 is a graph showing an X-ray diffraction peak (the pattern of FIG. 3 above) of a composition having a plane spacing d44.13 angstroms.
- FIG. 21 is a schematic diagram for explaining the bending method used in the “bending test method” described later.
- the “inorganic layered compound” used in the present invention refers to an inorganic compound in which unit crystal layers are stacked on each other to form a layered structure.
- a “layered compound” is a compound or substance having a layered structure
- a “layered structure” is a surface in which atoms are tightly arranged by strongly bonding atoms by covalent bonds or the like. It is a structure that is stacked almost in parallel by a weak binding force such as van der Waalska.
- the “inorganic layered compound” that can be used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as the “factor ratio” measured by the method described below is 50 or more and 500 or less. From the viewpoint of gas barrier properties, the aspect ratio is preferably 100 or more (especially 200 or more).
- this aspect ratio is preferably 2000 or less (more preferably 1500 or less).
- gas From the viewpoint of a balance between barrier properties and manufacturability, this aspect ratio is more preferably in the range of 200 to 3000.
- the “particle size” measured by the method described below is preferably 5 m or less. If the particle size exceeds 5 / m, the film forming property or moldability of the resin composition tends to decrease.c From the viewpoint of the transparency of the resin composition, the particle size is 3 ⁇ m or less. It is even better. When the resin composition of the present invention is used for applications where transparency is important (for example, food packaging applications), it is particularly preferable that the particle size is 1 ⁇ m or less.
- the inorganic layered compound include graphite, phosphate derivative-type compounds (such as zirconium phosphate compounds), chalcogenides, and clay minerals.
- chalcogenide is a dichalcogenide of a group IV (Ti, Zr, Hf), group V (V, Nb, Ta) and / or group VI (Mo, W) element, MX 2 ( ⁇ represents the above element, X represents chalcogen (S, Se, Te)).
- an inorganic layered compound having a property of swelling and cleaving in a solvent is preferably used.
- the degree of “swelling / cleaving” of the inorganic layered compound used in the present invention to a solvent can be evaluated by the following “swelling / cleaving” test.
- the swelling property of the inorganic layered compound is preferably about 5 or more (more preferably about 20 or more) in the following swelling test.
- the cleavage property of the inorganic layered compound is preferably about 5 or more (more preferably about 20 or more) in the following cleavage test.
- a solvent having a density lower than the density of the inorganic layered compound is used as the solvent.
- the inorganic layered compound is a natural swellable clay mineral, it is preferable to use water as the solvent.
- clay minerals As the inorganic layered compound which swells and cleaves in a solvent, a clay mineral which has swelling and cleavability in a solvent can be particularly preferably used.
- clay minerals have a two-layer structure in which an octahedral layer made of aluminum, magnesium, or the like as a central metal is provided above a tetrahedral layer of silica; and a tetrahedral layer of silica is formed of aluminum, magnesium, or the like. It is classified as a type having a three-layer structure in which the octahedral layer with the central metal is narrowed from both sides.
- the former two-layer structure type includes a power-oliginate group, an antigorite group, and the like.
- the latter three-layer structure type includes a smectite group, a vermiculite group, and a myli group, depending on the number of interlayer cations. And the like.
- these clay-based minerals include, but are not limited to, Kori Oliginite, Dikkai, Nakhlite, Halloysite, Antigorite, Chrysotile, Pyrophyllite, Montmorillonite, Hectorite, Tetrasilyl Mai Mai, Natrinium Teniolite, Examples include muscovite, margarite, talc, vermiculite, phlogopite, zansophyllite, and chlorite.
- the particle size of the inorganic layered compound a value (L) obtained by a dynamic light scattering method (photon correlation method) as described later in a solvent is used.
- the dynamic light scattering method is a particle-based measurement method using the scattering phenomenon of laser, and the scattered light from a group of particles performing Brownian motion, that is, the movement speed or particle diameter of the particles, A method of detecting scattered light with dependent “fluctuations” and obtaining information on the particle size by calculation.
- the particle size of the inorganic layered compound in the resin can be approximated by the “particle size in solvent” obtained by the dynamic light scattering method.
- the particle size of the inorganic layered compound in the resin is Can be sufficiently approximated by the “particle size in the solvent” obtained by the dynamic light scattering method.
- L is the particle size of the inorganic layered compound determined by the dynamic light scattering method described above in a solvent
- a is the unit thickness of the inorganic layered compound.
- the “unit thickness a” is a value determined based on the measurement of the inorganic layered compound alone by a powder X-ray diffraction method or the like described later. More specifically, as shown schematically in the graph of FIG.
- the graph in Fig. 2 shows the intensity of the X-ray diffraction peak on the horizontal axis and 2 on the vertical axis.
- the diffraction peak located at the lower angle side (larger interval) than the diffraction beak position corresponding to the unit thickness aj described above is located at the lowest angle side peak.
- the corresponding interval is referred to as “surface interval d” (a ⁇ d).
- surface interval d (a ⁇ d).
- the lower angle side than 20 d The area of the part excluding the baseline of is defined as the peak corresponding to the “surface distance d”.
- d is the diffraction angle corresponding to "(unit length a) + (width of single resin chain)".
- the “integrated intensity” of the diffraction peak (corresponding to the plane distance d) observed in the powder X-ray diffraction of the resin composition is different from the integral intensity of the reference diffraction peak (corresponding to “plane distance a”).
- the relative ratio is preferably 2 or more (more preferably 10 or more).
- the above aspect ratio Z L / a is not necessarily equal to the “true aspect ratio” of the inorganic layered compound in the resin composition, but for the following reasons, this aspect ratio Z It is valid to approximate the “true aspect ratio”. That is, it is extremely difficult to directly measure the “true aspect ratio” of the inorganic layered compound in the resin composition.
- the spacing d determined by the powder X-ray diffraction method of the resin composition and the “unit thickness” determined by the powder X-ray diffraction measurement of the inorganic layered compound alone a) and the value of (d ⁇ a) is not less than the width of a single resin chain in the composition, the inorganic layered compound in the resin composition This means that the resin is inserted between the layers. Therefore, by approximating the thickness of the inorganic layered compound in the resin composition by the above “unit thickness a”, that is, the “true aspect ratio” in the resin composition is determined by the “a” of the inorganic layered compound alone. There is sufficient validity in approximating with the "Spectral ratio Z".
- the definition Z of the aspect ratio used in the present invention has sufficient validity.
- the “aspect ratio” or “particle size” means “aspect ratio Z” defined above or “particle size L determined by dynamic light scattering method”. .
- the solvent that swells the above-mentioned inorganic layered compound is not particularly limited as long as it is a solvent that can be used for producing a resin composition.
- the solvent may be water; alcohols such as methanol; polar solvents such as dimethylformamide, dimethylsulfoxide, and acetone; or two of these solvents. And the like. From the viewpoint of easy removal after forming or forming the resin composition, it is preferable to use alcohols such as water and methanol having a relatively low boiling point.
- the “resin” constituting the resin composition together with the above-mentioned inorganic layered compound is not particularly limited as long as it is a resin capable of stably dispersing and holding the inorganic layered compound.
- a resin composition for example, polyvinyl alcohol
- PVA ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer
- PVDC polyvinylidene chloride
- PAN polyacrylonitrile
- the “resin” constituting the resin composition is preferably a highly hydrogen-bonding resin from the viewpoint of gas barrier properties of the composition.
- the “highly hydrogen-bonding resin” is a resin in which the weight percentage of the hydrogen-bonding group and / or the ionizing group (when two or more of these groups are present, the total thereof) is per unit weight of the resin. , Preferably at least 10%, more preferably about 20% to 60% (particularly about 30% to 50%) c
- hydrogen-bonding group refers to a group having at least one hydrogen atom directly bonded to an atom (hetero atom) other than carbon.
- hydrogen bonding group include a hydroxyl group, an amino group, a thiol group, a carboxyl group, a sulfone group, and a phosphate group.
- the term “ionic group” refers to a group having at least one of “positive or negative” electric charge, which is localized to the extent that water molecules can be hydrated in water.
- Examples of such an ionizable group include a carboxylate group, a sulfonate ion group, a phosphate ion group, an ammonium group, and a phosphonium group.
- Examples of the hydrogen-bonding group or ionic group contained in the high hydrogen-bonding resin include a hydroxyl group, an amino group, a carboxyl group, a sulfonic acid group, a carboxylate group, a sulfonic acid ion group, and an ammonium group. More preferred.
- the content of these hydrogen-bonding groups or ionic groups can be suitably measured by, for example, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques (eg, NMR, 13 C-NMR).
- NMR nuclear magnetic resonance
- the high hydrogen bonding resin that can be used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it has the above “high hydrogen bonding property”. Specific examples include polyvinyl alcohol and ethylene-vinyl having a vinyl alcohol fraction of 41 mol% or more.
- Alcohol copolymers such as hydroxymethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, amylose, amylopectin, pullulan, curdlan, xanthan, chitin, chitosan, cellulose; polyacrylic Examples thereof include acids, sodium polyacrylate, polybenzenesulfonic acid, sodium polybenzenesulfonate, polyethylenimine, polyallylamine, ammonium salts thereof, polyvinylthiol, and polyglycerin.
- polyvinyl alcohol and / or a polysaccharide (or a derivative thereof) as the above-mentioned “high hydrogen bonding resin”.
- polyvinyl alcohol is a polymer having a monomer unit of vinyl alcohol as a main component.
- examples of such “polyvinyl alcohol” include, for example, a polymer obtained by hydrolysis or ester exchange (saponification) of an acetate portion of a vinyl acetate polymer (more precisely, a copolymer of vinyl alcohol and vinyl acetate). And polymers obtained by saponifying vinyl trifluoroacetate polymer, vinyl formate polymer, vinyl vivalate polymer, t-butyl vinyl ether polymer, trimethylsilyl vinyl ether polymer, etc.
- the degree of “saponification” in polyvinyl alcohol is preferably 70% or more in terms of mole percentage, and more preferably 85% or more. Also, polyvinyl alcohol The polymerization degree is preferably 100 or more and 500 or less (more preferably, 200 or more and 300 or less).
- the “polysaccharides and derivatives thereof” usable in the present invention also include biopolymers synthesized in biological systems by condensation polymerization of various monosaccharides, and those obtained by chemically modifying them. Is done.
- Specific examples of such “polysaccharides and derivatives thereof” include, for example, cellulose; cellulose derivatives such as hydroxymethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, and carboxymethylcellulose; , Chitin, chitosan and the like.
- a high hydrogen bonding resin when used as a resin constituting the above resin composition, if necessary, the water resistance (paria after a water resistance environment test) of the high hydrogen bonding resin is improved. Further, a crosslinking agent for a hydrogen bonding group may be used.
- the crosslinking agent for a hydrogen-bonding group that can be used in the present invention is not particularly limited.
- Preferred examples of the crosslinking agent include a titanium-based coupling agent, a silane-based coupling agent, a melamine-based coupling agent, and an epoxy-based coupling agent.
- zirconium compounds include, for example, zirconium halides such as zirconium oxychloride, zirconium hydroxychloride, zirconium tetrachloride and zirconium bromide; zirconium salts of mineral acids such as zirconium sulfate, basic zirconium sulfate and zirconium nitrate Organic zirconium salts such as zirconium formate, zirconium acetate, zirconium propionate, zirconium caprylate and zirconium stearate; ammonium zirconium carbonate, sodium zirconium sulfate, ammonium zirconium acetate, sodium zirconium oxalate; Queen Zirconium complex salts such as zirconium sodium silicate and zirconium ammonium citrate; and the like.
- zirconium halides such as zirconium oxychloride, zirconium hydroxychloride,
- the film or molded article (laminate or laminated film) containing the resin composition of the present invention preferably has transparency from the viewpoint of convenience when used for applications such as packaging.
- This transparency is preferably about 80% or more (more preferably, 85% or more) in total light transmittance at a wavelength of 500 nm.
- Such transparency can be suitably measured, for example, with a commercially available spectrophotometer (manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd., self-recording spectrophotometer 330 type).
- the film or molded article containing the resin composition of the present invention has a gas barrier property.
- the gas barrier property is such that the oxygen permeability under a condition of 30 ° (:, 60 RH (relative humidity) is 0.5 cc / m 2 ⁇ day ⁇ atm or less, more preferably 0.2 cc / m 2 ⁇ day ⁇ atm or less (particularly 0.15 c cZm 2 ⁇ day-atm or less).
- the film or molded article containing the resin composition of the present invention preferably has bending resistance.
- This "bending resistance" the resin composition of the present invention, a laminate or laminate film, when subjected to "folding test” as described later, R PF / P! (P F is oxygen after testing bending Indicates the permeability, indicates the oxygen permeability before the bending test.) It is preferable that the rate of increase R of the oxygen permeability defined by) is 20 or less. More preferably, it is preferably 10 or less (especially 3 or less).
- the resin composition was coated on a polyvinylidene chloride-coated biaxially stretched polypropylene film (thickness: 25 mm, trade name: Seneshi KOP, manufactured by Daicel) with a dry thickness of 0.8 mm.
- the above “bending test” is to be performed in a state where the m resin composition layers are provided and the whole is formed into a laminated film.
- ⁇ resin adhesive manufactured by Sanyo Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name: u-noflex-1 J3 with a solid content of 3 g / m while used in a proportion of 2, laminator (Yasui Seiki Co., Ltd., trade name: Tesutoko Isseki -) and according to the 4 kg / cm 2 of pressure under 6 m / min, unstretched width 33 cm Dry laminating a polypropylene film (manufactured by Toyobo, trade name: Pyrene film CT, thickness 50 m). The dry-laminated film is sampled into a test piece 12 cm long and 12 cm wide.
- Step 5 the test piece (step 1) was bent by hand into an accordion shape at intervals of 1 cm (step 2). Apply a load of 5 kg between acrylic plates (size: 15 cm, 15 cm, thickness: about 5 mm) for 30 minutes (Step 3). After removing the load and spreading the test piece once (Step 4), repeat Steps 2 and 3 in the direction perpendicular to the “first fold” in the same manner as above, so that the test pieces are spaced at 1 cm intervals. Fold it into an accordion shape and use it as the “specimen after bending” (Step 5).
- test piece after bending is subjected to oxygen permeability measurement by the method described later.
- oxygen permeability tends to increase.
- the composition ratio (volume ratio) of the inorganic layered compound and the resin used in the present invention is such that the volume ratio of the inorganic layered compound / resin (the ratio at the time of “preparation”) is in the range of 5/95 to 90/10.
- Preferably has a volume ratio of 5/95 to 50/50 (particularly, a volume ratio of 10Z90 to 30/70).
- the volume ratio is in the range of 5/95 to 30/70, it is advantageous in terms of flexibility as a film or a molded product.
- the above-mentioned volume ratio (volume fraction) of the inorganic layered compound / resin is less than 5/95, the barrier properties tend to be reduced. On the other hand, if the volume ratio exceeds 90/10, the film-forming property or moldability tends to decrease.
- the volume ratio is more preferably 7/93 or more from the viewpoint of suppressing a decrease in barrier property due to bending.
- the volume ratio is preferably 17/83 or less from the viewpoint of the flexibility of the layer composed of the resin composition and the suppression of the releasability from the substrate.
- the volume ratio of (inorganic layered compound / resin) is in the range of 7/93 to 17/83, a decrease in barrier property due to bending can be particularly suppressed, and a high peel strength can be easily obtained. preferable.
- Such a volume ratio is determined by dividing the values of the numerator (weight of the inorganic layered compound) and the denominator (weight of the resin) of the weight ratio at the time of “mixing” these components by their respective densities.
- the density of the resin eg, polyvinyl alcohol
- the crystallinity of polyvinyl alcohol is assumed to be 50%. It can then be calculated.
- the method of blending or producing the composition comprising the inorganic layered compound and the resin is not particularly limited. From the viewpoint of uniformity or ease of operation at the time of compounding, for example, a method in which a liquid in which a resin is dissolved and a dispersion in which an inorganic layered compound is swollen and cleaved in advance is mixed, and then the solvent is removed (first method) Method): A method in which a dispersion liquid obtained by swelling and cleaving an inorganic layered compound is added to a resin, and the solvent is removed (Method 2); An inorganic layer is formed in a liquid in which the resin is dissolved The method of adding the compound to form a swelled and cleaved dispersion and removing the solvent (Method 3); a method of hot-kneading the resin and the inorganic layered compound (Method 4); and the like can be used. From the viewpoint that a large aspect ratio of the inorganic
- the former two methods after removing the solvent from the system, heat the solvent at a temperature of 110 ° C or more and 220 ° C or less (furthermore, 130 ° C or more and 210 ° C or less). It is preferable to improve the water resistance of the film (barrier properties after the water resistance environment test).
- the aging time is not particularly limited. Considering that the film needs to reach at least the set temperature, for example, in the case of a drying method of a heating medium contact type such as a hot air dryer, 1 second or more and 100 minutes or less ( (About 3 seconds to 10 minutes) is preferable from the viewpoint of the balance between water resistance and productivity.
- the heat source for this aging is not particularly limited.
- various methods such as hot roll contact, heat medium contact (air, oil, etc.), infrared heating, microwave heating, and the like can be applied.
- the effect of improving the water resistance is one of the following when the resin is a highly hydrogen bonding resin, and / or when the inorganic layered compound is a swellable clay mineral. It is significantly higher if both are satisfied.
- the “gas barrier substance” in the present invention is an oxygen permeability (barrier property of a substrate before surface treatment) under a condition of 30 ° C. and 60 RH (relative humidity), and is 30 cc / m 2 ⁇ day. ⁇ It is preferably not more than a tm, more preferably not more than 10 cc / m 2 -day-atm (especially not more than 2 cc / m 2 -day-atm).
- the gas barrier substance usable in the present invention has the above-mentioned “gas barrier property”.
- gas barrier property There is no particular limitation as long as it has, but for example, metals or oxides, ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymers, and / or polyvinylidene chloride can be suitably used.
- ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer and polyvinylidene chloride are substances having film forming or film forming properties by themselves.
- a metal or an oxide when used as the gas barrier substance, it is usually preferable to use these metals or oxides in the form of a layer or a film.
- the “metal” used in such an embodiment is not particularly limited as long as it has gas barrier properties, but those having stability in air in the form of a film or a thin film are preferably used. From the viewpoint of stability in air, a metal (such as aluminum) whose film surface is stabilized by oxidation after the formation of the thin film is particularly preferably used.
- the type or “oxidation state” of the “oxide” is not particularly limited as long as it has gas barrier properties.
- an oxide for example, aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, titanium oxide, zinc oxide and the like are preferably used.
- the thickness of the metal or oxide film used in the present invention is gas barrier property and flexibility.
- the thickness is preferably 1 nm or more and 100 nm or less, more preferably 10 nm or more and 300 nm or less (particularly, 15] 1111 or more and 15011. 111 or less).
- the method for forming a metal or oxide film used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and includes a general vacuum evaporation method (vacuum evaporation), a CVD method (chemical vap or deposition; Liquid deposition methods such as vapor-phase deposition and sol-gel method can be used.
- the “resin film” on which the above-mentioned metal or oxide film is to be formed on at least one surface thereof is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of film strength, for example, biaxially stretched polyethylene terephthalate , Biaxially oriented nylon, biaxially oriented Lipropylene or the like is preferably used.
- the ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer when used as a gas barrier material, the ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer is obtained by saponifying a copolymer of ethylene and vinyl acetate.
- the obtained one can be suitably used.
- the molar fraction of ethylene is preferably in the range of 260 mol% (more preferably, 25 to 50 mol%).
- the method of forming the ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer into a film is not particularly limited.
- a method such as ordinary extrusion molding such as inflation molding, coating from an emulsion, and casting can be used.
- the thickness of the film is not particularly limited, it is usually preferably about 0.5 to 50 // m (more preferably about 1 to 30 m).
- the polyvinylidene chloride when polyvinylidene chloride is used as a gasparous substance, the polyvinylidene chloride is mainly composed of vinylidene chloride monomer (preferably at least 70 mol%, more preferably at least 70 mol% in terms of a molar fraction of vinylidene chloride monomer). (At least 80 mol%) can be used without any particular limitation.
- the polyvinylidene chloride may contain one or more kinds of various copolymerization monomers as necessary.
- the method of forming polyvinylidene chloride into a film is not particularly limited.
- a coating method using polyvinylidene chloride in an aqueous emulsion / solution state (so-called “K coating”) ) can be suitably used.
- the thickness of the film is not particularly limited, it is usually preferably about 0.5 to 50 m (more preferably about 1 to 30 // m).
- Lamination method on gas barrier material layer Laminating a resin composition layer containing an inorganic layered compound on a gas barrier material layer as described above (for example, a metal or oxide thin film, an ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer layer, or a polyvinylidene chloride layer) There are no particular restrictions on the method used.
- a coating method in which a coating solution of a resin composition is applied to the surface of a substrate on a gas barrier material layer, followed by drying and heat treatment, or a method in which a resin composition layer containing an inorganic layered compound is later laminated is preferably used. Can be used.
- the interface between the gas barrier material layer and the resin composition layer may be subjected to a treatment such as a corona treatment or an anchor coat agent treatment, if necessary.
- a treatment such as a corona treatment or an anchor coat agent treatment
- the coating method include a direct gravure method, a reverse gravure method, and the like.
- Gravure method such as microgravure method; 2-roll beat coat method, bottom flute
- Roll coating method such as three-sided reverse coating method; doctor knife method; dicoating method, dip coating method, bar coating method, and coating method combining these methods.
- the laminated form or molded form in the present invention includes at least a part (or layer) composed of a resin and a resin composition containing an inorganic layered compound having an aspect ratio of 50 or more and 500 or less.
- a part or layer
- any form such as a film, a sheet, and a container can be used.
- the laminated film in this embodiment includes a resin film 3, a layer 2 of a gas barrier substance disposed on the resin film 3, and an inorganic layer disposed on the layer 2 of the gas barrier substance.
- the compound-containing (resin composition) layer 1 and the laminated film c of the present invention comprising the layer 1 may be used as necessary in consideration of the balance between the gas barrier properties of the laminate and the mechanical strength such as film strength. 7 to have a laminated structure as shown in the schematic cross-sectional views of FIG.
- the laminated film in the embodiment of FIG. 6 is the same as the resin film 3 of the embodiment of FIG.
- the lamination base material 4 is further disposed on the surface side.
- the laminated film in the embodiment of FIG. 7 further includes a laminating base material 4 to 4a on both the surface side of the inorganic layered compound-containing layer 1 and the surface side of the resin film 3 in the embodiment of FIG. Arrange each.
- the laminate of the present invention has the structure shown in FIG. You may have.
- the laminated film in this embodiment includes a layer 2a of a gas barrier substance and an inorganic layered compound-containing (resin composition) layer 1 disposed on layer 2a of the gas barrier substance.
- the laminate as shown in the schematic cross-sectional views of FIGS. may have a structure.
- the laminated film in the embodiment of FIG. 9 is obtained by further disposing a laminating substrate 13 on the inorganic layered compound-containing layer 1 of the embodiment of FIG.
- the laminated film in the embodiment shown in FIG. 10 is obtained by further disposing a base material 13 for lamination on the surface side of the layer 2 a of the gas-parable substance in the embodiment shown in FIG.
- the laminated film in the embodiment of FIG. 11 is provided on both the surface side of the inorganic layered compound-containing layer 1 in the embodiment of FIG. 3 or
- the substrate used for the substrate layer of the present invention (for example, the resin film 3 in the embodiment of FIG. 4) is not particularly limited, and may be a known or common substrate such as resin, paper, aluminum foil, wood, cloth, and nonwoven fabric.
- the material can be used according to the purpose and use.
- Examples of the resin constituting the base material include polyethylene (low density, high density), ethylene-propylene copolymer, ethylene-butene copolymer, ethylene-hexene copolymer, ethylene-octene copolymer, polypropylene, and ethylene.
- Polyols such as vinyl monoacetate copolymer, ethylene-methyl methacrylate copolymer, and ionomer resin
- Polyester resins such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate, and polyethylene naphthate; nylon-6, nylon-16,6, metaxylenediamine-adipate polycondensate, Amide resins such as polymethylmethacrylimide; acryl resins such as polymethylmethacrylate; styrene or styrene such as polystyrene, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer, styrene-acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer, and polyacrylonitrile.
- Chloro nitrile resin Hydrophobized cellulosic resin such as cellulose triacetate and cellulose diacetate; Halogen such as polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyvinylidene fluoride, and polytetrafluoroethylene (Teflon) Containing resin; polyvinyl alcohol, Hydrogen-bonding resins such as ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer and cellulose derivatives; engineering plastics such as polycarbonate resin, polysulfone resin, polyethersulfone resin, polyetheretherketone resin, polyphenylene oxide resin, polymethylene oxide resin, and liquid crystal resin And the like.
- the laminate of the present invention When the laminate of the present invention is used as a laminate in the form of a film, the laminate may be used as an outer layer (a layer constituting the outside of the laminate, for example, layers 3 and 4 in the embodiment of FIG. 5 or a layer 4a in the embodiment of FIG. 7).
- an outer layer a layer constituting the outside of the laminate, for example, layers 3 and 4 in the embodiment of FIG. 5 or a layer 4a in the embodiment of FIG. 7
- biaxially oriented polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, nylon, biaxially oriented polypropylene coated with polyvinylidene chloride called “K coat”, polyethylene terephthalate, nylon, or the like is used.
- the inner layer the layer constituting the inside or the content side of the laminate, for example, the layers 3 and 4 in the embodiments of FIGS. 4 to 5 or the layers 4 and 4 a in the embodiments of FIGS.
- a resin having good sealing properties for example, a polyolefin resin is preferably used.
- a polyolefin-based resin include, for example, polyethylene (low density, high density), ethylene-propylene copolymer, ethylene-butene copolymer, ethylene-hexene copolymer, ethylene-octene copolymer.
- the thickness of the layer composed of the resin composition containing the inorganic layered compound and the resin is not particularly limited.
- the thickness of the resin composition layer varies depending on the type of the base material to be combined, the desired barrier performance, and the like, but is preferably 10 ⁇ m or less in a dry thickness, and when higher transparency is required, It is more preferable that the dry thickness be 2 m or less (especially l m or less).
- the film thickness is 1 ⁇ m or less, it is extremely advantageous in terms of transparency as a laminate, and is particularly preferably used in applications where transparency is particularly required (for example, food packaging applications).
- the lower limit of the thickness of the resin composition layer is not particularly limited. However, from the viewpoint of obtaining a sufficient gas barrier effect, the thickness must be at least 1 nm, more preferably at least 100 nm (particularly, at least 100 nm). Is preferred.
- various additives such as an ultraviolet absorber, a coloring agent, and an antioxidant may be mixed or added to the laminate or the laminate film of the present invention as necessary. Good. Further, it is needless to say that an adhesive or a printing ink at the time of lamination can be used as needed.
- the form is not particularly limited as long as the above-described laminate or laminated film of the present invention is contained in at least one layer (or a part thereof). More specifically, it may be in any form of a laminate, a molded article (for example, a container such as a bottle, a tray, and a cup).
- test piece a sample film (test piece) was attached to a commercially available oxygen permeability measuring device (trade name: OX-TRAN10 / 50A, manufactured by MOCON, USA), and the temperature was set at 31 ° C.
- OX-TRAN10 / 50A oxygen permeability measuring device
- the oxygen permeability was measured in a measurement environment (humidity-controlled thermostat at 21 ° C) (the relative humidity was about 61%). At this time, the oxygen permeability of the sample film is continuously measured, and the oxygen permeability at the time when the oxygen permeability becomes substantially constant (usually, about several hours to three days after the start of the measurement) is measured. Used as data in this specification.
- the thickness of 0.5 zm or more was measured with a commercially available digital thickness gauge (contact thickness gauge, trade name: Ultra-high precision decimicro head MH-15M, manufactured by Nippon Kogaku Co., Ltd.).
- a thickness of less than 0.5 mm is determined by gravimetric analysis (the measured weight of a film of a certain area is divided by the area, and then by the specific gravity of the composition), or elemental analysis (resin composition). And a laminate of a substrate).
- the elemental analysis method (measurement principle: ICP emission analysis method; edited by the Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry, “ICP emission analysis method”, 1988, published by Kyoritsu Shuppan Co., Ltd.)
- the specific inorganic element of the laminate From the ratio between the analytical value (derived from the composition layer) and the specific element (for example, Si) fraction of the inorganic layered compound alone, the ratio between the layer composed of the resin composition of the present invention and the substrate is calculated. I asked.
- the center diameter (automatically output to the above analyzer as a digital value) determined by the photon correlation method based on the dynamic light scattering method was used as the particle diameter.
- the measured data of the particle size of each standard sample was within the range of 10% relative error soil by calibration measurement using the following standard sample of true spherical fine particles. I went while confirming that.
- the diffraction measurement of the inorganic layered compound alone and the resin composition by the respective powder methods was performed. From the diffraction measurement of the inorganic layered compound alone, the interplanar spacing (unit thickness) a of the inorganic layered compound was determined. Further, diffraction analysis of the resin composition confirmed that there were portions where the interplanar spacing of the inorganic layered compound was wide (portion where interplanar spacing d> a).
- Example 1 A natural montmorillon mouth (Kunipia: F; manufactured by Kunimine Kogyo Co., Ltd.) is dispersed in ion-exchanged water (electric conductivity: ⁇ . 7 S / cm or less) to a concentration of 2 wt.%.
- ion-exchanged water electric conductivity: ⁇ . 7 S / cm or less
- solution A an inorganic layered compound dispersion
- the particle size of the montmorillonite was 560 nm
- the “unit thickness” a value obtained from the powder X-ray analysis was 1.2156 nm
- the aspect ratio was 461.
- polyvinyl alcohol (trade name: PVA 117H, manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd., degree of saponification: 99.6%, degree of polymerization: 1700) is converted to ion-exchanged water (electric conductivity: 0.7 ⁇ SZcm or less).
- the solution was dissolved at 2 wt.% To give a resin solution (Solution B).
- the solution A and the solution B obtained above were mixed such that the solid component ratio (volume ratio) thereof was 3/7 of the inorganic layered compound / resin, and this was used as a coating solution.
- inorganic layered compound A laminated film was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the above-mentioned conditions were changed, and the oxygen permeability of the film was measured.
- zirconium carbonate ammonium manufactured by Daiichi Kagaku Kagaku Co., Ltd., trade name: Zircosol AC7, an aqueous solution containing 15 wt.% In terms of zirconium oxide
- polyvinyl chloride The mixture was added to the mixture of the liquid A / liquid B prepared in Example 1 so that the molar ratio of the zirconium element to the hydroxyl group of the alcohol was 15 mol to 1 mol.
- a laminated film was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the other components were changed as shown in Table 1 (FIG. 12), and the oxygen permeability of the film was measured. As shown in the measurement results in Table 1 (FIG. 12), the laminated film obtained in this example had excellent gas barrier properties.
- zirconium carbonate ammonium available from Daiichi Rare Element Co., Ltd., trade name: aqueous solution containing zircosol AC7, 15 wt.% In terms of zirconium oxide
- polyvinyl The mixture was added to the mixture of the liquid A / liquid B prepared in Example 1 so that the ratio of the hydroxyl group of the alcohol to 15 mols was 1 mol of the zirconium element.
- a laminated film was formed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the other configuration was changed to the configuration shown in Table 1 (FIG. 12). Heat treatment was performed for 0 minutes to obtain a laminated film.
- a urethane-based adhesive manufactured by Sanyo Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name: u-noflex-1 J 3
- laminating device Yamamoto Co., Ltd., trade name: test co Isseki I
- a non-stretched polypropylene film manufactured by Toyobo, trade name: Pyrene film CT, thickness: 60 m
- the oxygen permeability of the thus obtained laminated film at 30 ° C and 60% RH was measured, and the evaluation result was 0.1 cc / m 2 It was less than day ⁇ atm, had excellent gas barrier properties, and was also excellent in heat sealability and transparency.
- polyvinyl alcohol (trade name: PVA 117H, manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd., saponification degree: 99.6%, polymerization degree: 1700) was ionized.
- a laminated film was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that a resin solution (solution B) obtained by dissolving it in exchange water at 2 wt% was used alone as a coating solution.
- Example 1 The same procedure as in Example 1 was repeated except that the inorganic layered compound dispersion (solution A) was used alone as a coating liquid without using the resin solution (solution B) used in Example 1 above.
- solution A the inorganic layered compound dispersion
- solution B the resin solution
- the meanings of the abbreviations used in Table 1 above ( Figure 12) are as follows.
- MOS Polyethylene terephthalate film deposited with silicon oxide (Oike Industries, trade name: MOS)
- VMPET Aluminum oxide evaporated polyethylene terephthalate film (Toyo Aluminum, trade name: VMPET)
- Zirconium carbonate ammonium aqueous solution (Daiichi Rare Element Industrial, trade name: Zircosol AC 7)
- Synthetic my power (tetrasilic my power, trade name: NA-TS, manufactured by Toby Industries, Ltd.) is dispersed in ion-exchanged water (electric conductivity: 0 .. or less) to 0.65 wt.%. This was used as an inorganic layered compound dispersion (solution A).
- the particle size of the synthetic mica (NA-TS) was 977 nm, the “unit thickness” a value obtained from powder X-ray diffraction was 0.9557 nm, and the aspect ratio Z was 1043.
- polyvinyl alcohol product name: PVA117H, manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd., degree of saponification: 99.6%, degree of polymerization: 1700
- PVA117H degree of saponification: 99.6%
- solution B It was dissolved to a concentration of 0.325 wt.%, And this was used as a resin solution (solution B).
- the oxygen permeability of this laminated film at 30 ° C. and 60% HH was 0.09 cc / m 2 ⁇ day ⁇ atm. (See Figure 13 (Table 2)).
- the base material, type of inorganic layered compound and resin, volume ratio between inorganic layered compound and resin, cross-linking agent for hydrogen bonding group, and heat treatment conditions after film formation are shown in Fig. 13 (Table 2).
- a laminated film was prepared in the same manner as in Example 10 except that the above-mentioned was used, and the oxygen permeability of the film was measured.
- each of the laminated films obtained in these examples had excellent gas barrier properties.
- zirconium carbonate ammonium manufactured by Daiichi Rare Element Co., Ltd., trade name: zircosol AC 7, aqueous solution containing 15 wt.% In terms of zirconium oxide
- polyvinyl alcohol The mixture was added to the mixed solution of the solution A / solution B prepared in Example 10 so that the ratio of the zirconium element was 1 mole to the hydroxyl group of 15 moles.
- a laminated film was produced in the same manner as in Example 10 except that the other configuration was changed as shown in Table 2 (FIG. 13), and the oxygen permeability of the film was measured. As shown in the measurement results in Table 2, the laminated film obtained in this example had excellent gas barrier properties.
- Zirconium carbonate ammonium (first rare element) is used as a crosslinking agent for hydrogen bonding groups.
- a laminated film was formed in the same manner as in Example 10 except that the other configuration was changed to the configuration shown in Table 2 ( Figure 13), and then heated at 140 ° C for 10 minutes using a hot air drier. This was processed to obtain a laminated film.
- a urethane-based adhesive manufactured by Sanyo Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name: Iunoflex-1 J3 was solidified at a solid content of 3 g / while used in a proportion of m 2, using the same method as in example 9, unstretched polypropylene film (Toyobo Co., Ltd., trade name: Pylen film CT, thickness 60 rn) was dry laminated to obtain a laminated film.
- a laminated film was prepared in the same manner as in Example 10, except that the inorganic layered compound dispersion (solution A) was used alone as a coating solution without using the resin solution (solution B) used in Example 1 above.
- solution A inorganic layered compound dispersion
- solution B resin solution
- the meanings of the abbreviations used in Table 2 above ( Figure 13) are as follows.
- E F-F Ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer film (manufactured by Kuraray: Product name: EVAL EF-F, ethylene 32 mol%)
- E F-E Ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer film (Kuraray: trade name: EVAL EF-E, ethylene 44 mol%)
- NA Finely pulverized product of Torasirikimai (made by Toby Industries, trade name: NaTS)
- F Natural montmori mouth (made by Kunimine Industries, trade name: Knipia F)
- H Polyvinyl alcohol (made by Kuraray, trade name: Poval 1) (17H, degree of polymerization 1700, degree of saponification 99.6 mol%)
- Z Aqueous zirconium carbonate solution (manufactured by Daiichi Rare Element Industry, trade name: Zircosol AC 7)
- Natural montmorillonite (trade name Kunipia F; manufactured by Kunimine Industry Co., Ltd.) is dispersed in ion-exchanged water (electric conductivity: 0.7 ⁇ S / cm or less) to a concentration of 2 wt. This was used as a layered compound dispersion (solution A).
- the particle size of the montmorillonite was 560 nm, the “unit thickness” a value obtained from powder X-ray diffraction was 1.2156 nm, and the aspect ratio was 461.
- polyvinyl alcohol product name: PVA117H, manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd., degree of saponification: 99.6%, degree of polymerization: 1700
- PVA117H degree of saponification: 99.6%
- the solution A and the solution B obtained above were mixed such that the solid component ratio (volume ratio) thereof was 3/7 of the inorganic layered compound / resin, and this was used as a coating solution.
- a 25 / m thick polyvinylidene chloride-coated biaxially oriented polypropylene film (trade name: Seneshi KOP, manufactured by Daicel, polyvinylidene chloride layer: about 4 zm)
- Gravure coating (trade name: Testco Ichiichi, manufactured by Yasui Seiki Co., Ltd.), microgravure coating method, coating speed 3 m / min, drying temperature: 80 ° C (entrance side heater), Coating was performed at 100 ° C. (exit side heater) to obtain a laminated film, and the dry thickness of the coated layer was 0.5 ⁇ m.
- the base material, type of inorganic layered compound and resin, volume ratio of inorganic layered compound and resin, crosslinking agent for hydrogen bonding group, and heat treatment conditions after film formation were as shown in Table 3 ( Figure 14).
- a laminated film was prepared in the same manner as in Example 19 except that the measurement was performed, and the oxygen permeability of the film was measured. As shown in Table 3, the measurement results Each of the obtained laminated films had excellent gas barrier properties.
- zirconium carbonate ammonium manufactured by Daiichi Rare Element Co., Ltd., trade name: zircosol AC7, aqueous solution containing 15 wt.% In terms of zirconium oxide
- zircosol AC7 aqueous solution containing 15 wt.% In terms of zirconium oxide
- hydroxyl group of polyvinyl alcohol 15 The mixture was added to the mixture of the solution A / solution B prepared in Example 19 so that the ratio of the zirconium element to the mole was 1 mole.
- a laminated film was prepared in the same manner as in Example 19 except that the other configuration was changed to the configuration shown in Table 3 (FIG. 14), and the oxygen permeability of the film was measured. As shown in the measurement results in Table 3 (FIG. 14), the laminated film obtained in this example had excellent gas barrier properties.
- zirconium carbonate ammonium manufactured by Daiichi Rare Element Co., Ltd., trade name: zircosol AC7, aqueous solution containing 15 wt.% In terms of zirconium oxide
- polyvinyl alcohol The mixture was added to the mixture of the liquid A / liquid B prepared in Example 19 so that the ratio of the zirconium element was 1 mol to the hydroxyl group of 15 mol.
- a laminated film was formed in the same manner as in Example 19 except that the other configuration was changed to the configuration shown in Table 3 (FIG. 14), and then heat-treated at 140 ° for 10 minutes using a hot air drier. Thus, a laminated film was obtained.
- a urethane-based adhesive manufactured by Sanyo Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name: Eunoflex-1 J3 was solidified at 3 g / m 2.
- a non-stretched polypropylene film manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd., trade name: Pyrene film CT, thickness 60 111, using the same method as in Example 9 while using at a ratio of 2 Was dry-laminated to obtain a laminated film.
- Polyvinyl alcohol (trade name: PVA117H, manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd., saponification degree: 99.6%, polymerization degree: 1700) was ion-exchanged without using the inorganic layered compound dispersion liquid (solution A) used in Example 19 above.
- a laminated film was obtained in the same manner as in Example 19, except that a resin solution (solution B) obtained by dissolving it in water at 2 wt% was used alone as a coating solution.
- a laminated film was prepared in the same manner as in Example 19 except that the inorganic layered compound dispersion liquid (A liquid) was used alone as a coating liquid without using the resin solution (liquid B) used in Example 19 above. An attempt was made to fabricate it, but the powder of the inorganic layered compound (natural montmorillonite) was peeled off from the laminated film, and the surface of the laminated film was markedly damaged, and a good laminated film was not obtained.
- the meanings of the abbreviations used in Table 3 above ( Figure 14) are as follows.
- KOP Polyvinylidene chloride-coated biaxially stretched polypropylene film (manufactured by Daicel, trade name: SENESHII, polyvinylidene chloride layer: approx. Product name: Senesi KET, polyvinylidene chloride layer: about 4 im)
- Zirconium carbonate ammonium aqueous solution manufactured by Daiichi Rare Element Industry, trade name: Zircosol AC 7
- FIG. 15 is a graph showing the X-ray diffraction peak of the polyvinyl alcohol PVA-117H / Cunibia F composition used in the above example.
- FIG. 16 is a graph showing the Kunipia F (Montmorillonii) used in the above example.
- G) is a graph showing the X-ray diffraction peak of FIG.
- a laminated body and a laminated film including at least a layer of a gas barrier substance and a layer of a resin composition containing an inorganic layered compound having an aspect ratio of 50 or more and 500 or less Or a molded article is provided.
- an unprecedented high level of gas barrier properties can be obtained based on a combination of a resin composition layer containing an inorganic layered compound having the above-described specific aspect ratio and a layer of a gas barrier substance.
- the laminated body, laminated film or molded article of the present invention greatly exceeds the same kind of resin material as before, and exhibits a level of barrier properties approaching that of metals and ceramics. Based on such high barrier properties, the laminate, laminated film or molded product of the present invention can be used in applications where metals and inorganic materials such as aluminum foil and glass have been conventionally required. It becomes possible and becomes a material that breaks down the common sense of conventional barrier resin compositions. Considering weaknesses such as opacity of metals and brittleness of ceramic materials, the laminate, laminated film or molded article of the present invention comprising a resin composition is It goes without saying that it has better properties than these metal or ceramic materials.
- the laminate, laminated film or molded article of the present invention is used as a packaging material for food applications, such as miso, pickles, side dishes, baby food, tsukudani, konnyaku, chikuwa, fishery processing, and fishery processing.
- Food applications such as miso, pickles, side dishes, baby food, tsukudani, konnyaku, chikuwa, fishery processing, and fishery processing.
- the laminate, laminated film or molded article of the present invention may be used, for example, for other packaging applications such as pet food, agrochemicals / fertilizers, wheel fluid packs, semiconductor packaging, packaging of oxidizing chemicals (or chemicals that are easily oxidized), It can be suitably used in a wide range of applications such as packaging of various industrial materials such as medical, electronic, chemical, and mechanical fields such as precision material packaging.
- the laminate, laminated film or molded product of the present invention is suitable for molded products such as bottles and trays for squeeze bottles of mayonnaise, juice, soy sauce, edible oil, sauces, microwave food trays, cups of yogurt, etc. Can also be used.
- the laminated body, laminated film or molded product of the present invention can exhibit good gas barrier properties when used in any of the above-mentioned forms.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE69534495T DE69534495D1 (de) | 1994-01-24 | 1995-01-24 | Laminat, laminierter film und formartikel |
EP95906508A EP0691202B1 (en) | 1994-01-24 | 1995-01-24 | Laminate, laminated film and molding |
US08/522,425 US5766751A (en) | 1994-01-24 | 1995-01-24 | Laminate, laminate film and shaped article comprising inorganic laminar compound |
AU14665/95A AU686305B2 (en) | 1994-01-24 | 1995-01-24 | Laminate, laminated film and molding |
KR1019950704131A KR100307993B1 (ko) | 1994-01-24 | 1995-01-24 | 적층체,적층필름및성형품 |
Applications Claiming Priority (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP6/006013 | 1994-01-24 | ||
JP601394 | 1994-01-24 | ||
JP702694 | 1994-01-26 | ||
JP6/007027 | 1994-01-26 | ||
JP6/007029 | 1994-01-26 | ||
JP702794 | 1994-01-26 | ||
JP702994 | 1994-01-26 | ||
JP6/007026 | 1994-01-26 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1995019887A1 true WO1995019887A1 (fr) | 1995-07-27 |
Family
ID=27454406
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP1995/000073 WO1995019887A1 (fr) | 1994-01-24 | 1995-01-24 | Stratifie, film stratifie et moulage |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5766751A (ja) |
EP (1) | EP0691202B1 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100307993B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN1076662C (ja) |
AU (1) | AU686305B2 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2158945A1 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE69534495D1 (ja) |
TW (1) | TW372243B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO1995019887A1 (ja) |
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- 1995-01-24 EP EP95906508A patent/EP0691202B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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- 1995-01-24 CA CA002158945A patent/CA2158945A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1995-01-24 WO PCT/JP1995/000073 patent/WO1995019887A1/ja active IP Right Grant
- 1995-01-24 CN CN95190045A patent/CN1076662C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-01-24 AU AU14665/95A patent/AU686305B2/en not_active Expired
- 1995-01-28 TW TW084100897A patent/TW372243B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPS50161579A (ja) * | 1974-05-22 | 1975-12-27 | ||
JPS5859229A (ja) * | 1981-09-14 | 1983-04-08 | イ−・アイ・デユポン・デ・ニモアス・アンド・カンパニ− | ポリ(ビニルアルコ−ル)系無機フイルム |
JPS63132049A (ja) * | 1986-11-21 | 1988-06-04 | 昭和電工株式会社 | 多層積層物 |
JPS63233836A (ja) * | 1987-03-24 | 1988-09-29 | 東レ株式会社 | バリア性フイルム |
JPS6443554A (en) * | 1987-07-30 | 1989-02-15 | Du Pont | Ethylene/vinyl alcohol copolymer composition containing platelet-shaped mica filler and its production and multilayer container having layer of said composition |
JPH01313536A (ja) * | 1988-06-10 | 1989-12-19 | Toray Ind Inc | バリア性フィルム |
JPH02158339A (ja) * | 1988-12-12 | 1990-06-18 | Toyobo Co Ltd | 熱可塑性樹脂フイルム積層体 |
JPH0330944A (ja) * | 1989-06-28 | 1991-02-08 | Toyobo Co Ltd | 被覆プラスチックフイルム |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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See also references of EP0691202A4 * |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2004016686A1 (ja) * | 2002-07-22 | 2004-02-26 | Kureha Chemical Industry Company, Limited | アミノ基含有多糖類を含有する組成物及びそれからなる炭酸ガス選択透過性を有するフィルム |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0691202A4 (en) | 1999-11-17 |
TW372243B (en) | 1999-10-21 |
CN1122117A (zh) | 1996-05-08 |
KR960700890A (ko) | 1996-02-24 |
CN1076662C (zh) | 2001-12-26 |
CA2158945A1 (en) | 1995-07-27 |
AU686305B2 (en) | 1998-02-05 |
US5766751A (en) | 1998-06-16 |
DE69534495D1 (de) | 2006-02-16 |
AU1466595A (en) | 1995-08-08 |
KR100307993B1 (ko) | 2001-11-30 |
EP0691202B1 (en) | 2005-10-05 |
EP0691202A1 (en) | 1996-01-10 |
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