WO1994007580A1 - Porzellan-ähnlicher puppenkopf sowie verfahren und vorrichtung zu dessen herstellung - Google Patents
Porzellan-ähnlicher puppenkopf sowie verfahren und vorrichtung zu dessen herstellung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1994007580A1 WO1994007580A1 PCT/CH1993/000042 CH9300042W WO9407580A1 WO 1994007580 A1 WO1994007580 A1 WO 1994007580A1 CH 9300042 W CH9300042 W CH 9300042W WO 9407580 A1 WO9407580 A1 WO 9407580A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- head
- doll
- negative mold
- porcelain
- negative
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63H—TOYS, e.g. TOPS, DOLLS, HOOPS OR BUILDING BLOCKS
- A63H9/00—Special methods or compositions for the manufacture of dolls, toy animals, toy figures, or parts thereof
Definitions
- Real porcelain doll heads are very valuable products, the production of which is complex and demanding.
- the classic porcelain offset consists of 50% kaolin, 25% feldspar and 25% quartz.
- the production of porcelain doll heads from such cast iron porcelain requires a lengthy and complicated working process, which requires some experience and is always associated with the risk of failures in that the porcelain head collapses in the course of its manufacture or takes other damage when pouring, demoulding, air drying or burning.
- liquid porcelain which sometimes has to be prepared in a complex manner, is poured into the negative mold made of plaster.
- the remaining cast iron is emptied from the mold after about 2 to 10 minutes.
- the plaster of the negative mold was able to withdraw so much water from the edge layer of the poured-in cast porcelain that a thin layer of the porcelain became roughly leather-hard along the mold.
- the now hollow porcelain head must now rest for several hours and harden so far that the negative form can be removed.
- the blank head is then still very sensitive to pressure. It must be removed very carefully from the negative form, the porcelain having to be torn off at the opening of the headstock. Then it can be gently worked with a scalpel.
- the eye shapes are cut out using a special technique which, especially for inexperienced people, entails the risk of destroying the head.
- Precisely fitting eye beds have to be worked out from the inside of the head for the later insertion of spherical glass eyes. It must be taken into account that the head shrinks by about 15% to 20% when it is later burned.
- the head is stored for 1 to 7 days to dry, depending on the wall thickness. Then the burr, which has arisen as a result of the parting line of the casting mold, is cut away or scraped away, and the upper one Finishing edge of the head is reworked.
- the head is sanded again and is then ready to be painted with process colors.
- the painted porcelain head is then given a two to four hour color fire at a temperature of 600 ° C to 800 ° C. Only now are the glass eyes with wax inserted from the inside of the head and fixed in the eye beds with plaster, which is a very delicate task. Finally, the head is closed from above with a cardboard or cork lid and the wig is put on.
- the present invention has for its object to provide a method and an apparatus for producing a porcelain-like doll head, with which the disadvantages mentioned are avoided. Furthermore, the invention also includes a porcelain-like doll's head as a product, which was produced by the method according to the invention and which is confusingly similar to an original porcelain head in terms of its external appearance.
- a method for producing a porcelain-like doll's head which is characterized in that an at least two-part negative mold of a doll's head to be produced is poured out with a quick-curing cold casting compound mixed with water in powder form, the interior of the the doll's head to be produced is formed by a slightly smaller doll's head, which, when poured out, acts as an inner head core, which is held in the negative form all around at an approximately even distance, such that this head core is approximately evenly coated with the cold casting compound, and that after the cold casting compound has hardened and Removal of the negative form of the doll's head thus produced is only slightly reworked.
- the invention is further achieved with a device for carrying out the method, which is characterized by a at least two-part negative shape of a doll's head to be produced, which is provided with means for positive and tractive assembly, by a head core, some of which protrude approximately radially Has pimples or is provided with some radially protruding pimples, such that the negative mold assembled around the head core is approximately evenly spaced from the head core, and that the composite negative mold on the neck side or back of the head of the doll to be produced has a pouring opening has, as well as by prefabricated eyes from lenticular shell segments made of glass or plastic that can be glued onto the cast doll's head.
- the invention also relates to a porcelain-like doll's head, which is characterized by a head core which is covered by an approximately uniform layer of hardened, porcelain-like cold casting compound, and by eyes glued on from the outside, made of lenticular shell segments made of glass or plastic.
- the invention also relates to a porcelain-like doll's head, which is characterized by a hollow head made of an approximately even layer of hardened, porcelain-like cold casting compound with an inner, thin wax coating, and by glass ball eyes inserted from the inside.
- the invention enables the simple manufacture of porcelain-like doll heads, which in their outer appearance come close to being confused with real porcelain heads. The production takes comparatively little time.
- the manufacturing technology according to the invention is also associated only with minimal risk of failure and is very inexpensive since no kiln is required.
- the negative forms can be used as often as required and the complicated adjustment and insertion of glass ball eyes is not necessary, at least in one design variant.
- the manufacture of porcelain-like doll heads as an imitation of porcelain heads is made accessible to a very wide range of users because the manufacture is much faster, safer, simpler and cheaper. Porcelain-like doll heads made according to the method of the invention are therefore affordable for everyone.
- FIG. 1 A device according to the invention for the manufacture of the china-like doll head from a two-part negative casting mold transparent plastic with the associated head core before assembling the mold;
- Figure 2 The composite negative form and the threaded bolts and wing nuts used for this purpose;
- Figure 3 Pouring the casting mold with a quick-curing cold casting compound
- FIG. 4 A porcelain-like doll's head produced by the method according to the invention with the associated eyes to be glued on;
- Figure 5 A composite negative mold seen from above, with a screw clamp for clamping the two molded parts;
- Figure 6 A negative mold for pouring from the side of the back of the head.
- the device for the production is first described.
- This device comprises a two-part negative form 1, 2 of the as a casting mold.
- This negative mold preferably consists of transparent plastic, for example Makrolon, and is produced by means of a conventional injection molding process.
- the head available as an original positive form, as is usually designed by relevant artists and doll makers.
- the plastic injection mold is manufactured using known technology.
- a doll head 6 made of preferably a foamed material of a slightly smaller size than that of the head to be manufactured belongs to the casting mold.
- this head core 6 advantageously consists of styrofoam and has small radially protruding knobs 7, which are formed integrally from the styrofoam head itself in the embodiment shown here.
- knobs 7 protrude the head surface of the head core 6 by about one to four millimeters, have a round tip and serve as spacers when the styrofoam head 6 is enclosed in the interior of the negative mold 1, 2.
- the knobs 7 ensure that the styrofoam head 6 is centered in the negative shape 1, 2 and that there is an even spacing all around see its surface and the inner contour 3.4 of the negative shape 1.2 is observed.
- the styrofoam head 6 is placed on a foot in the form of a large rice nail 8 lying on the back, so that it is stable. In this position, the two-part negative mold 1, 2 can easily be assembled around the styrofoam head 6.
- the molded part 2 has a wedge-shaped groove 13 in the horizontal direction and one 14 in the vertical direction.
- grooves 13, 14 include wedge-shaped elevations 15, 16 on the parting surface of the molded part 1, likewise in the horizontal and vertical directions, which engage in an exact fit in the opposite grooves 13, 14.
- the molded parts align with each other.
- other centering means can also be used, for example protruding cones which fit into corresponding conical recesses.
- FIG. 2 shows the assembled negative mold with the head core 6 enclosed therein.
- the assembly takes place in that precisely fitting threaded bolts 30 with end threads are pushed through the precision bores 9-12.
- the two parts 1, 2 are clamped together by means of associated wing nuts 20.
- the molded part 1 can have hexagonal recesses 32 for receiving the screw heads 31, so that they are held in the recesses 32 in a manner that prevents them from rotating.
- FIG. 3 shows the composite negative mold which was overturned for the casting, so that the neck extension 5 comes to rest on top.
- the cover or foot 8 has been removed and the cold casting compound 18 is just being poured into the gap 17 between the inner contour of the negative mold and the surface of the styrofoam head 6.
- the negative mold is transparent, the styrofoam head 6 enclosed therein can also be seen, and also the cold casting compound 18, which has already been cast in. This settles evenly all around and gradually fills the gap between the styrofoam head 6 and the negative mold. Thanks to the trans- Parence of the negative form can be observed continuously by the pouring. If necessary, the negative form can be slightly tilted or slightly shaken or in vibra.
- the neck attachment can be made somewhat longer and have a marking up to which the negative form is to be filled.
- the entire head from crown to neck 5 is cast in one piece.
- the interior of the head is therefore no longer accessible at the end of the casting process as in a conventional, hollow porcelain head which still has to be closed with a head cover, but instead consists of solid material, namely the styrofoam head which is now cast over 6, which acts as a head core.
- the cold casting compound 18 used consists of a specially refined, commercially available type of plaster which is mixed with water in powder form. It is characterized by a particularly high strength combined with maximum surface hardness.
- the gypsum is admixed with plastics suitable for known manufacturers of cold casting compounds.
- plastics suitable for known manufacturers of cold casting compounds For the use according to the invention of such a plastic-refined cold casting compound, it is also specially colored in order to achieve the typical flesh-colored pink of the classic porcelain doll heads or other skin colors.
- the doll's head cast in this way is typically left to stand for only a few minutes to harden the cold casting compound.
- the negative form can be opened and the blank can be removed from the mold.
- the blanks produced by the method according to the invention have a very smooth surface, quite comparable to the surface of a finished, conventional porcelain doll head. Post-processing to achieve a smoother surface can be omitted. If necessary, slight burrs that may have formed on the seams of the negative form on the blank must be removed.
- FIG. 4 shows a finished doll head blank according to the invention, which was produced by the method according to the invention. It ultimately consists of a styrofoam head 6, which is coated all around with a hardened cold casting compound 18, the surface of the cold casting compound being finely shaped by the inner contour of the negative mold used. Thin spots formed where the knobs touched the inner contour. If the knobs even press against the inner contours, bright spots or even small imperfections can form there. For this reason, the knobs are attached to the styrofoam head 6 at locations where these irregularities cannot be disturbed or painted over, for example in the mouth area, behind the eyes, in the neck area, behind the front hairline, on the parting, behind the Ears, in the neck, etc.
- Knobs formed in one piece from styrofoam can also use knobs in the form of pins 19. The knobs are then formed by the heads 21 of the pins 19, as shown in FIG. 4, and the associated needles 22 are used for inserting the pins 19 into the styrofoam head 6.
- the heads 21 can be produced in a variant from the same cold casting compound 18, which is used to cast the doll's head. This ensures that there are no color changes on the nub areas on the cast head.
- pin heads 21, which act as nubs, are thus completely encapsulated by the cold casting compound during casting and are no longer visible on the finished blank.
- the finished blank is freed of any burrs in the course of post-processing, but has a porcelain-like fine surface from the very beginning due to the very smooth inner contour of the negative mold used.
- lens-shaped shell segments 23 made of glass or plastic are used for the eyes instead of glass ball eyes, which are also in a similar way to the conventional ones Glass eyes are processed and with which the identical effect can be achieved.
- Such lens-shaped eyes with a flat adhesive surface can be produced using a casting process made of glass or plastic and then printed. They can also be blown out of glass by blowing a relatively thick-walled glass ball, which is then cut into segments. The segments are surface-ground on the back and then painted or printed.
- this step can be carried out very simply in this doll's head according to the invention, in that the prefabricated glass or plastic eyes 23 are in shape of lenticular shell segments are simply inserted and glued into the recesses 24 provided for this purpose.
- appropriately painted lenticular glass eyes can be offered.
- FIG. 5 shows a further negative mold in the casting position seen from above. So that the two parts 1, 2 of the negative casting mold fit exactly on one another when assembled around the head core 6 enclosed therein, the separating surfaces have wedge-shaped elevations 16 and depressions 14 which fit one another in a form-fitting manner.
- Such wedge-shaped elevations and depressions run in the form of horizontal elevations 15 or grooves 13 over the separating surfaces. Be set at Georgia ⁇ the two mold parts 1,2 by the slide into one another of each collection 15,16 and groove 13,14 accurately positioned to each other so that the edges of the internal contours of the two mold parts 3.4 1.2 • perfectly aligned. As a rule, it will suffice to stretch some strong rubber bands around the assembled negative mold to hold the two parts 1, 2 together. In the example shown, however, there is a frame 25 which encloses the two parts 1, 2 and by means of which the two molded parts 1, 2 can be securely clamped to one another in this position. One frame side 33 can be firmly connected to the adjacent molded part 1, while the other molded part 2 can be removed from the frame 25.
- a screw clamp 25 is thus formed, by means of which the two parts 1, 2 of the negative mold can be easily clamped together, and are positioned exactly in relation to one another.
- the pouring gap 17 can be seen on the top of the negative mold 1, 2, which is shown here in the casting position.
- the head core 6 in the form of a styrofoam head enclosed by the negative form can also be seen.
- FIG. 6 An alternative negative form is shown in FIG. 6, in which the two parts 1, 2 do not lie next to one another in the casting position, but instead lie on one another.
- the cold casting mass 18 is therefore not poured in from the base of the neck, but from the back of the head, which is now at the top. This allows you to cast a doll's head completely surrounded by cold casting compound. Pouring can be observed from the outside thanks to the transparent negative form 1,2, as shown. After the cold casting compound 18 has hardened, which takes place in a few minutes, the two parts 1, 2 of the negative mold are carefully separated. At the end, the excess stump formed at the back of the head through the pouring opening 29 can be scraped away, after which this point is ground flat to the rest of the back of the head.
- the head core can consist of a material that is easy to melt, for example a special wax.
- a material that is easy to melt for example a special wax.
- the head can also be made of a material that dissolves and becomes liquid by the subsequent addition of a liquid, so that the material can eat out of the hollow head produced. You then have a hollow head and get even closer to the conventional porcelain head.
- This Variant may appeal to hobbyists who insist on the conventional use of glass ball eyes. Such glass ball eyes have long been available on the market in a wide variety.
- the insertion can take place directly after the core of the head has melted out or after the eyes have been cut out or scratched out in the conventional manner.
- the inner wax coating the thickness of which can be determined by the thoroughness of the melting, may directly serve a bed for fitting and inserting the ball eyes.
- the negative mold according to the invention can be used many thousands of times since it is practically not subject to wear.
- a new head core 6 is required for each new doll's head that can be manufactured and offered inexpensively.
- the hobbyist needs a negative mold according to the invention as the largest investment. This enables him to produce a product which is practically identical in terms of its external appearance, in a very short time and, in comparison to the classic manufacturing process for porcelain doll heads, in an extremely short time and also with certainty.
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- Toys (AREA)
- Adornments (AREA)
- Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP6508561A JPH07501258A (ja) | 1992-09-30 | 1993-02-19 | 陶器様人形頭部およびその製法と製造装置 |
AU34903/93A AU673818B2 (en) | 1992-09-30 | 1993-02-19 | Porcelain-like doll's head and process and device for making it |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH3059/92-3 | 1992-09-30 | ||
CH305992A CH686493A5 (de) | 1992-09-30 | 1992-09-30 | Porzellan-ohnlicher Puppenkopf sowie Verfahren, Vorrichtung und Verwendung einer Giessmasse zu dessen Herstellung. |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1994007580A1 true WO1994007580A1 (de) | 1994-04-14 |
Family
ID=4247696
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/CH1993/000042 WO1994007580A1 (de) | 1992-09-30 | 1993-02-19 | Porzellan-ähnlicher puppenkopf sowie verfahren und vorrichtung zu dessen herstellung |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0592356B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JPH07501258A (de) |
AT (1) | ATE115880T1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU673818B2 (de) |
CA (1) | CA2124557A1 (de) |
CH (1) | CH686493A5 (de) |
DE (1) | DE59300042D1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1994007580A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE9204233U1 (de) * | 1991-05-18 | 1992-08-27 | Teske, Geb. Wermelinger, Maria Magdalena, 5000 Koeln, De | |
US5516314A (en) * | 1993-12-20 | 1996-05-14 | Anderson; S. Catherine | Self-supporting figure |
CN101138682B (zh) * | 2006-09-07 | 2010-11-03 | 王人运 | 人偶头部快速成型方法及由此方法制作的人偶头部 |
DE102012220327A1 (de) * | 2012-11-08 | 2014-05-08 | Mederer Gmbh | Gieß-Form |
CN110027092B (zh) * | 2019-04-18 | 2020-11-03 | 荆门千年健医疗保健科技有限公司 | 一种石膏容器及其制备方法 |
Citations (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR494645A (fr) * | 1916-08-03 | 1919-09-13 | Maurice Pontio | Tetes et corps de poupées imitant la porcelaine et leur procédé de fabrication |
FR544252A (fr) * | 1921-12-06 | 1922-09-19 | Pièces anatomiques incassables ayant l'aspect de la chair et destinées aux mannequins d'exposition | |
DE375211C (de) * | 1921-10-21 | 1923-05-08 | Alexander Staege J | Verfahren zur Herstellung kunstkeramischer oder marmoraehnlicher Gegenstaende mittels ringfoermiger, geschlossener Glasformen |
DE382590C (de) * | 1922-11-08 | 1923-10-04 | Max Seeber | Herstellung von Puppen und Puppenteilen |
FR574277A (fr) * | 1923-12-10 | 1924-07-09 | Siegel Sa Des Ets | Nouveau mode de fabrication des mannequins d'étalage, bustes, etc. |
US1520849A (en) * | 1924-08-07 | 1924-12-30 | Ray M Birnbach | Monument mold |
US1534155A (en) * | 1924-02-09 | 1925-04-21 | Butler William Bernard | Mold for pottery work |
US1650468A (en) * | 1927-03-04 | 1927-11-22 | Isaac A Rommer | Doll's rubber head |
FR737958A (fr) * | 1931-09-26 | 1932-12-19 | Nobel Francaise Soc | Poupée et son procédé de fabrication |
FR847442A (fr) * | 1938-06-13 | 1939-10-10 | Pierre Imans Soc | Procédé et moule perfectionnés pour la fabrication par moulage et coulée de têtes, bras et corps de mannequins et d'articles similaires présentant de la contre-dépouille |
US2466586A (en) * | 1946-03-15 | 1949-04-05 | Evans Clarence Agustus | Method and apparatus for molding doll heads |
FR991735A (fr) * | 1944-05-04 | 1951-10-09 | Moule pour la fabrcation d'objets moulés contenant un noyau solide | |
GB698537A (en) * | 1952-03-25 | 1953-10-14 | Vulco Chemical Company Ltd | Improvements in or relating to hollow dolls' heads |
FR2109111A5 (de) * | 1970-10-01 | 1972-05-26 | Perrier Maurice | |
EP0041725A1 (de) * | 1980-06-10 | 1981-12-16 | Iduso Gesellschaft zur Förderung und Verwertung kreativer Ideen mbH | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung nahtlos in einem Stück gefertigter allseitig geschlossener Hohlkörper aus kaltformbarem und härtbarem bzw. härtendem Material |
-
1992
- 1992-09-30 CH CH305992A patent/CH686493A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1993
- 1993-02-17 AT AT93810096T patent/ATE115880T1/de active
- 1993-02-17 DE DE59300042T patent/DE59300042D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-02-17 EP EP93810096A patent/EP0592356B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-02-19 JP JP6508561A patent/JPH07501258A/ja active Pending
- 1993-02-19 WO PCT/CH1993/000042 patent/WO1994007580A1/de active Application Filing
- 1993-02-19 CA CA002124557A patent/CA2124557A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1993-02-19 AU AU34903/93A patent/AU673818B2/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR494645A (fr) * | 1916-08-03 | 1919-09-13 | Maurice Pontio | Tetes et corps de poupées imitant la porcelaine et leur procédé de fabrication |
DE375211C (de) * | 1921-10-21 | 1923-05-08 | Alexander Staege J | Verfahren zur Herstellung kunstkeramischer oder marmoraehnlicher Gegenstaende mittels ringfoermiger, geschlossener Glasformen |
FR544252A (fr) * | 1921-12-06 | 1922-09-19 | Pièces anatomiques incassables ayant l'aspect de la chair et destinées aux mannequins d'exposition | |
DE382590C (de) * | 1922-11-08 | 1923-10-04 | Max Seeber | Herstellung von Puppen und Puppenteilen |
FR574277A (fr) * | 1923-12-10 | 1924-07-09 | Siegel Sa Des Ets | Nouveau mode de fabrication des mannequins d'étalage, bustes, etc. |
US1534155A (en) * | 1924-02-09 | 1925-04-21 | Butler William Bernard | Mold for pottery work |
US1520849A (en) * | 1924-08-07 | 1924-12-30 | Ray M Birnbach | Monument mold |
US1650468A (en) * | 1927-03-04 | 1927-11-22 | Isaac A Rommer | Doll's rubber head |
FR737958A (fr) * | 1931-09-26 | 1932-12-19 | Nobel Francaise Soc | Poupée et son procédé de fabrication |
FR847442A (fr) * | 1938-06-13 | 1939-10-10 | Pierre Imans Soc | Procédé et moule perfectionnés pour la fabrication par moulage et coulée de têtes, bras et corps de mannequins et d'articles similaires présentant de la contre-dépouille |
FR991735A (fr) * | 1944-05-04 | 1951-10-09 | Moule pour la fabrcation d'objets moulés contenant un noyau solide | |
US2466586A (en) * | 1946-03-15 | 1949-04-05 | Evans Clarence Agustus | Method and apparatus for molding doll heads |
GB698537A (en) * | 1952-03-25 | 1953-10-14 | Vulco Chemical Company Ltd | Improvements in or relating to hollow dolls' heads |
FR2109111A5 (de) * | 1970-10-01 | 1972-05-26 | Perrier Maurice | |
EP0041725A1 (de) * | 1980-06-10 | 1981-12-16 | Iduso Gesellschaft zur Förderung und Verwertung kreativer Ideen mbH | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung nahtlos in einem Stück gefertigter allseitig geschlossener Hohlkörper aus kaltformbarem und härtbarem bzw. härtendem Material |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE115880T1 (de) | 1995-01-15 |
CH686493A5 (de) | 1996-04-15 |
EP0592356B1 (de) | 1994-12-21 |
EP0592356A1 (de) | 1994-04-13 |
CA2124557A1 (en) | 1994-04-14 |
AU3490393A (en) | 1994-04-26 |
AU673818B2 (en) | 1996-11-28 |
JPH07501258A (ja) | 1995-02-09 |
DE59300042D1 (de) | 1995-02-02 |
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