WO1989001667A1 - Method of indicating working steps - Google Patents
Method of indicating working steps Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1989001667A1 WO1989001667A1 PCT/JP1988/000774 JP8800774W WO8901667A1 WO 1989001667 A1 WO1989001667 A1 WO 1989001667A1 JP 8800774 W JP8800774 W JP 8800774W WO 8901667 A1 WO8901667 A1 WO 8901667A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- work
- time
- critical path
- connection point
- earliest
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 177
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 abstract description 48
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 45
- 238000013500 data storage Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G06Q10/00—Administration; Management
- G06Q10/06—Resources, workflows, human or project management; Enterprise or organisation planning; Enterprise or organisation modelling
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a work process display method, and more particularly to a work process display method for assisting a worker who creates and corrects a work process.
- Gantt chart network diagram as a display method of a work process used for systematically planning a work.
- the Gantt chart is a schedule table that simply shows each work and its work schedule by associating each work with items such as start, continuation, interruption, and completion of each work and absolute time. It is blocking them from expressing.
- a network diagram is a directed graph (arrow 'diagram) consisting of arcs representing tasks and nodes representing the junctions of tasks, and is suitable for expressing the interrelationship between tasks.
- An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and display a work process diagram which is easy to see and is useful in performing the above-mentioned work as one of support methods for creating and correcting work processes. To provide a method.
- the above problem is a work process display method that displays a work process including a plurality of works that have one or more preceding work, including the case where the worker himself / herself becomes the leading work, and that has his or her own work time.
- a contact point between the start, end, and the above-mentioned work is defined as a connection point, and a work immediately following the connection point performs the work as soon as possible from the start of the work process.
- the earliest possible time and the latest time at which the work can be performed at the latest time are calculated, and all the connection points having the same earliest time and the latest time are taken out and the respective earliest times are calculated.
- a critical path is created between the connection points, with the work name of the work e described above interposed between them, and a critical path is created starting from one connection point on the critical path.
- One or more of the above tasks that are not on a critical path are calculated again, and the difference is the difference between the earliest time of the other connection point and the earliest time of the one connection point.
- the work route length is calculated for all the work routes, and the critical path and each of the work routes are plotted on the axis 1 as time.
- the other axis orthogonal to the axis is the vertical axis, and the work is time coordinates with the two points of the earliest start time and the latest completion time of the work as end points, and is parallel to the time axis.
- the coordinates on the vertical axis are spaced at a predetermined interval so that the line segment does not overlap with the line segment representing the other work.
- the end point representing the earliest start time on the line segment representing the work and the end point representing the latest completion time on the line segment representing the preceding work immediately before the work are arranged.
- a work process display method of connecting and displaying the work preceding the work via the connection point are arranged.
- FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a computer configuration for implementing the work process display method of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic processing flow diagram of an embodiment of a work process display method according to the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing data of work processes targeted in the embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a work process diagram according to the work process display method of the present invention.
- Fifth is a diagram showing the attribute names of the work defined for the work in one embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram showing attribute names of work defined for connection points in one embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 and FIG. 7 are diagrams illustrating a preprocessing process in one embodiment of the work process display method according to the present invention.
- Fig. 8 shows the work data created from the preprocessing i.
- FIG. 8B is a diagram showing the connection point data created by the preprocessing.
- FIG. 9A is a diagram showing a processing procedure of an advance process of the critical path processing in one embodiment of the work process display method of the present invention.
- FIG. 9B is a processing flow diagram of the retreating process of the critical path processing.
- FIG. 9C is a diagram illustrating a process flow of the comparison process of the critical path process.
- FIG. 10A is a diagram showing work data created by the critical path processing.
- FIG. 10B is a diagram showing the inflection point data created by the critical path processing.
- FIG. 11A, FIG. 11B, and FIG. 11C are views showing the process flow of the work arrangement order determination process in one embodiment of the work process display method according to the present invention.
- FIG. 12 shows data on a route created by the work arrangement order determination process.
- FIG. 13 is a processing flowchart of a coordinate setting process in an embodiment of the work process display method according to the present invention.
- FIG. 14A is a diagram showing work data created by the coordinate setting process.
- FIG. 14B is a diagram showing connection point data created by the coordinate setting process.
- FIG. 15A and FIG. 15B are process flow charts of the display processing in one embodiment of the work process display method of the present invention.
- FIG. 16 is a flow chart of the present invention displayed by the display processing.
- FIG. 17A is a diagram showing work data for the work process diagram of FIG.
- FIG. 17B is a diagram showing connection data for the work process diagram of FIG.
- FIG. 18 is a work process diagram according to a work process display method of the present invention, which is different from FIG. .
- FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a computer configuration for implementing the work process display method according to the present invention.
- the storage device 5 stores operation process data such as the interrelationship between operations and the time required to complete each operation.
- the inside of the arithmetic processing unit 1 is divided into an input section la, an arithmetic section lb, an intermediate data storage section lc, an image data output section Id, and a processing procedure storage section 1e.
- the processing procedure storage unit 1 e stores a processing procedure for creating and displaying a work process diagram based on the work process display method of the present invention from the work process data stored in the storage device 5.
- the operation unit 1b stores the processing stored in the processing procedure storage unit 1e. And call them sequentially.
- the display device 3 displays a work process diagram based on the graphic data created according to the processing procedure on the surface image display device 4. The user looks at the displayed work process diagram, and inputs data necessary for editing and correction of the work process from the input device 2.
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic processing flow diagram of an embodiment of the processing content of the work process display method of the present invention.
- This flow is stored in the processing procedure storage section le shown in FIG. Fig. 3 shows the work process data that was the subject of this example.
- This work process data is stored in advance in the storage device 5 shown in FIG. 1 before starting the processing of the present embodiment.
- Fig. 3 shows the correspondence between the work time (the time required to complete the work) and the preceding work of the work 13 from a to m. For example, it takes two days to complete work m, and to start work m, work &, work g, and work i must all be completed.
- FIG. 4 shows the work process display device shown in FIG. 1 on the surface image display device 4 shown in FIG.
- two points are defined by using the earliest start time of the work (the earliest value of the work start time) and the latest completion time (the latest value of the work completion time) as time coordinates.
- the part corresponding to the actual work time (the period during which work can be performed, the period during which work is actually performed) on the line segment is indicated by a bold line, and the extra time (work can be performed). (A period during which work is not actually performed during the effective period) is indicated by a thin line to distinguish them.
- the line thickness is used to distinguish between the actual working time and the spare time, but in addition to the line type, line shading, line color, and when displaying on the CRT, Can be distinguished by using the luminance of the line, the blink, and the like.
- the lines corresponding to the work on the critical path are connected and displayed on the same straight line.
- a critical path is an array of continuous work with no spare time, and the length of the critical path directly corresponds to the time it takes to complete all work.
- the critical path is composed of work a, work d, work and work ⁇ . Line segments corresponding to tasks not on the critical path are arranged in a direction perpendicular to the critical path according to a predetermined arrangement method. Details of this arrangement method will be described later.
- the line segment is a line segment perpendicular to the time axis, and does not have a temporal width.
- the process adjustment of the work corresponding to the line segment on the straight line visually, intuitively and quantitatively affects the time required for completing the entire work. Can be predicted.
- work on the critical path can be clearly distinguished from other work. When adjusting work processes, it is easy to see which work process should be adjusted. The reason why critical paths are arranged on the same line is to make it easier to grasp the work of critical paths as a group. If they are placed close to each other, they do not have to be exactly on the same line.
- FIG. 5 shows the types of attributes defined for the work used in this embodiment
- FIG. 6 shows the types of attributes defined for the connection point between the work.
- the processing procedure of this work process display method is divided into pre-processing, critical path processing, work arrangement order determination processing, coordinate setting processing, and sub-processing, depending on its contents. .
- the work process data stored in the storage device 5 of FIG. 1 is read out in the data format of FIG. 3 and stored in the intermediate data storage unit 1C.
- all the work without the preceding work name is extracted from the data, and this is stored in the form of a list in the intermediate data storage unit 1C.
- the list is (a, b, c).
- nl is generated and registered as the preceding connection point name of all the tasks in the list.
- (a, b, c) is registered as the subsequent work name of nl.
- work data such as the succeeding work name, the previous connection point name, and the rear connection point name of all the work, and the preceding connection point names of all the connection points
- Work process data consisting of connection point data such as the name of the succeeding connection point, the name of the preceding work, and the name of the subsequent work is created, and this is stored in the storage device 5 of FIG.
- the work data created by the preprocessing is shown in FIG. 8A
- the connection point data is shown in FIG. 8B.
- the earliest time and latest time of all connection points are first determined based on the connection point data created in the preprocessing. The time is obtained, and then a list of connection point names on the critical path is created with reference to the time. Further, based on the list of connection point names on the critical path and the work process data created in the preprocessing and stored in the storage device 5 in FIG. 1, a list of the operation names on the critical path is obtained. create. In addition, the earliest work start time and the latest work completion time of all the works are determined. The work process data created by this process is stored in the storage device 5 of FIG.
- the inside of the critical path process can be further divided into three processes: a forward process, a retreat process, and a comparison process. ,
- Fig. 9A shows the process flow diagram of the forward process.
- the work process data composed of the work data and the connection point data created in the preprocessing and stored in the storage device 5 in FIG. 1 is read out and stored in the intermediate data storage unit 1C.
- a head connection point name is extracted from the connection point data.
- the connection point name is n1.
- the earliest time of n 1 is set to 0.
- one connection point (for example, n 2 in this embodiment) for which the earliest time is undetermined and all of the earliest times of the preceding connection point have been determined is extracted from all the connection points, and Determine the earliest time of the point.
- the earliest times of all the connection points are obtained in accordance with the processing procedure shown in FIG. 9A and stored in the storage device 5 of FIG.
- Fig. 9B shows the process D during the retreat process.
- Treatment process Performs the processing corresponding to the reverse of the case of the forward process from the connection point having no subsequent work, thereby obtaining the latest time of all the connection points and storing it in the storage device 5 of FIG.
- the connection point having no subsequent work is n 8
- the latest time of ⁇ 8 is 22 which is the earliest time of n 8.
- the latest time of all the connection points is obtained in accordance with the processing procedure shown in FIG. 9 and stored in the storage device 5 of FIG.
- connection point data created in the above two processes and stored in the storage device 5 of FIG. 1 is shown in FIG.
- Figure 9C shows a flow chart of the comparison process.
- the comparison process is created in the forward process and the backward process, and the earliest time and the latest time of all the connection points are obtained from the connection point data shown in FIG. 10 and stored in the storage device 5 in FIG.
- the connection points where the earliest time and the latest time are equal are listed and stored in the intermediate data storage unit 1C in FIG.
- the connection point has no spare time, that is, it is on the critical path.
- the list is ( ⁇ 1, ⁇ 2, ⁇ 5, ⁇ 6, ⁇ 8).
- the connection point before the connection point is selected from all the operations.
- the list of operations that have a short connection time when the post-connection point and the rear connection point are on a critical path Store in Part 1 C.
- the list is (ad, k, ⁇ ), and the work in the list is on the critical path.
- the earliest start time and the latest completion time of all the operations are obtained and stored in the storage device 5 in FIG.
- FIG. 1A shows the earliest start time and the latest completion time of the work in this embodiment.
- Figures 11A, 11B and 11C show the processing flow diagram of the work arrangement order determination process.
- the work arrangement order determination processing is performed by the work process data stored in the storage device 5 in FIG. 1 and the work and connection points on the critical path created in the critical path processing and stored in the intermediate data storage unit 1C in FIG. Based on this list, the layout order in the direction perpendicular to the time axis of the line segment representing the work when displaying the work process diagram is determined.
- the work and the connection point are connected according to the processing procedure shown in FIGS. 11A and 1IB, and any connection point on the critical path is departed.
- all routes that return to another critical point on the critical path via one or more tasks not on the critical path are found again, and the name of the task on each route is returned.
- roots are (nl, b, n3, f, n6), (nl, b, n3, g, n7, m, m8), (n1, c, n4, i, n7, m, n8), (n1, c, n4, h, n8), (n2, e, n7, m, n8), and (n5, j, n8) It is.
- the earliest time (or the latest) of the connection point is placed on the critical paths at both ends of the list of the route.
- a route length which is a difference between the delay times, is obtained, and is stored in the intermediate data storage unit 1C in FIG. 1 in association with the route length.
- the route lengths of the above-mentioned routes are 17, 22, 22, 22, 18, and 13, respectively.
- the routes are sorted in ascending order of the route length, and for routes having the same route length, the routes are sorted in ascending order of the number of operations in the list of the route.
- the numbers are assigned in order from 1, 2, 3,...,
- the intermediate data in FIG. 1 is again shown in the data format of FIG. 12 in which the numbers, the list of routes, and the route lengths are associated with each other.
- Data storage unit 1C Data storage unit 1C.
- FIG. 13 shows a processing flow chart of the coordinate setting processing of FIG.
- the start time of all work and the completion of work Determine the time and y-coordinate, the connection point times of all the connection points, and the y-coordinate.
- the work start time and the work completion time are the line segments indicating the actual work time (of the period during which work can be performed, the period during which work is actually performed) in the work process diagram of this embodiment. They correspond to the two time coordinates at the rainy edge, respectively.
- the connection point time corresponds to the time coordinate of a circle representing the connection point in the working process diagram of the present embodiment.
- the y-axis is perpendicular to the time axis on the display screen.
- y-coordinates of work and connection points on the critical path are set to 0.
- the y-coordinates of the work and the connection point not on the critical path are given to the route shown in Fig. 12 created by the work placement order determination processing unit, which includes the work or the connection point in the list. Number. If there are multiple possible y-coordinate-values for a single task or connection point, the smallest coordinate value is taken as the y-coordinate of that point.
- the work start time of the work is set to the earliest start time, and the work completion time of the work is made equal to the sum of the work start time of the work and the work time of the work.
- connection point times of all the connection points are made equal to the earliest time of the connection points.
- the work data created by the coordinate setting process is shown in FIG. 14A, and the connection point data is shown in FIG. 14B. These work process data are also stored in Fig. 1. Store in device 5.
- Figures 15A and 15B show the processing flow chart of the display processing.
- graphic data is created based on the work process data stored in the storage device 5 in FIG. 1 according to the process flow diagram, and a work process diagram including lines and characters is displayed on the display screen. To be displayed.
- FIG. 16 shows an initial view of a work process diagram displayed on the display screen as a result of the display processing in this embodiment.
- Fig. 16 is a work process diagram for the earliest start process in which the work is started at the same time as the start condition of the work is satisfied.
- the work start time, work completion time, and work time stored in the storage device 5 in Fig. 1 Figure 4 shows that the display time is changed by changing the task and connection time under the constraint that the context of the work and the work, the connection point and the connection point, and the context of the work and the connection point are not changed.
- the work flow diagram shown can be obtained.
- the work data corresponding to the work process diagram in Fig. 4 is shown in Fig. 17A, and the connection point data is shown in Fig. 17B.
- FIG. 18 shows another example of the work process diagram by the work process display method according to the present invention.
- all operations are represented by line segments parallel to the time axis with two points as end points, where the earliest start time and the latest completion time of the operation are time coordinates. And the earliest start time point on the line segment and the latest completion time point on the line segment representing the preceding work of the work.
- There is a limit in handling information expressed in three dimensions because it is only displayed in three dimensions.
- the three-dimensional information can be expressed as a three-dimensional figure using the work process diagram according to the present invention. can do.
- the work process diagram according to the present invention is three-dimensional as a three-dimensional figure consisting of the time axis, the axis representing the work name, and the axis representing the personnel. It can be displayed in its original form.
- the critical path and the work route of the work other than the work on the critical path are calculated from each work, the work time of each work, and the order of each work, and are orthogonal to the time axis.
- a critical path and a work path are parallel to the time axis.
- a single path is represented by a line segment whose ends are the earliest start time and the latest completion time of the work included in the path.
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Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP62/197347 | 1987-08-07 | ||
JP19734787A JPS6441966A (en) | 1987-08-07 | 1987-08-07 | Method for displaying routing |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1989001667A1 true WO1989001667A1 (en) | 1989-02-23 |
Family
ID=16372967
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP1988/000774 WO1989001667A1 (en) | 1987-08-07 | 1988-08-03 | Method of indicating working steps |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5101340A (ja) |
EP (1) | EP0328681A4 (ja) |
JP (1) | JPS6441966A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO1989001667A1 (ja) |
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US5418942A (en) * | 1989-07-06 | 1995-05-23 | Krawchuk; Kenneth V. | System and method for storing and managing information |
DE3925168A1 (de) * | 1989-07-28 | 1991-01-31 | Udo Quilitz | Verfahren zur zuordnung von datensaetzen zu zeitwerten einer zeitlichen reihenfolge |
JPH03130842A (ja) * | 1989-10-17 | 1991-06-04 | Toshiba Corp | データベースシステムの同時実行制御装置 |
JPH0419054A (ja) * | 1990-05-12 | 1992-01-23 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | ライン生産監視装置 |
JPH04195461A (ja) * | 1990-11-28 | 1992-07-15 | Hitachi Ltd | 日程表作成システム |
US5177684A (en) * | 1990-12-18 | 1993-01-05 | The Trustees Of The University Of Pennsylvania | Method for analyzing and generating optimal transportation schedules for vehicles such as trains and controlling the movement of vehicles in response thereto |
JPH05181688A (ja) * | 1991-05-24 | 1993-07-23 | Internatl Business Mach Corp <Ibm> | タスクの進行を予測する方法、プログラム製品及びワークステーシヨン |
CA2116982A1 (en) * | 1991-09-03 | 1993-03-18 | Henry Engelman | Method of constant rate of production scheduling |
US5420801A (en) * | 1992-11-13 | 1995-05-30 | International Business Machines Corporation | System and method for synchronization of multimedia streams |
US5563994A (en) * | 1994-03-11 | 1996-10-08 | Harmon; Samuel T. | System for graphically generating the sequence and temporal relationship between tasks in a project |
US5974391A (en) | 1994-07-12 | 1999-10-26 | Fujitsu Limited | Device and method for project management |
US5845270A (en) * | 1996-01-02 | 1998-12-01 | Datafusion, Inc. | Multidimensional input-output modeling for organizing information |
US5907490A (en) * | 1997-06-10 | 1999-05-25 | Electronic Data Systems Corporation | System and method for project management and assessment |
US7058588B2 (en) * | 2000-03-07 | 2006-06-06 | International Business Machines Corporation | Dependency-based work flow integration and reduction |
US6732114B1 (en) * | 2000-11-01 | 2004-05-04 | Microsoft Corporation | System and method for creating a customizable network diagram |
US20020082889A1 (en) * | 2000-12-20 | 2002-06-27 | Electronic Data Systems Corporation | System and method for project management and assessment |
US20020077877A1 (en) * | 2000-12-20 | 2002-06-20 | Electronic Data Systems Corporation | System and method for project management and assessment |
WO2004032530A2 (en) * | 2002-10-01 | 2004-04-15 | Weiss Paul F | Schedule chart for project management |
US8443073B2 (en) * | 2006-10-02 | 2013-05-14 | Sap Ag | Automated performance prediction for service-oriented architectures |
US8249906B2 (en) | 2007-02-12 | 2012-08-21 | Pma Technologies, Llc | Interactive graphics-based planning systems |
US8612991B2 (en) * | 2007-12-18 | 2013-12-17 | International Business Machines Corporation | Dynamic critical-path recalculation facility |
US8266622B2 (en) * | 2007-12-18 | 2012-09-11 | International Business Machines Corporation | Dynamic critical path update facility |
US8400467B1 (en) * | 2008-05-01 | 2013-03-19 | Pma Technologies, Llc | Graphical planning and scheduling system |
US8886790B2 (en) * | 2009-08-19 | 2014-11-11 | Opanga Networks, Inc. | Systems and methods for optimizing channel resources by coordinating data transfers based on data type and traffic |
JP6209862B2 (ja) * | 2013-05-24 | 2017-10-11 | 富士通株式会社 | プログラム、ジョブ監視支援方法、情報処理装置およびシステム |
US9684546B2 (en) * | 2014-12-16 | 2017-06-20 | Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc | Job scheduling and monitoring in a distributed computing environment |
JP6708581B2 (ja) * | 2017-04-07 | 2020-06-10 | ライフロボティクス株式会社 | 教示装置、表示装置、教示プログラム及び表示プログラム |
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-
1987
- 1987-08-07 JP JP19734787A patent/JPS6441966A/ja active Pending
-
1988
- 1988-08-03 EP EP19880906906 patent/EP0328681A4/en not_active Ceased
- 1988-08-03 US US07/340,004 patent/US5101340A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-08-03 WO PCT/JP1988/000774 patent/WO1989001667A1/ja not_active Application Discontinuation
Non-Patent Citations (3)
Title |
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See also references of EP0328681A4 * |
Shadan Hojin Jyoho Shori Gakkai 1972-Hen (Jyoho Shori Handbook) 30 January 1975 (30. 01. 75) Ohm-Sha p10-21 especially, see 7.2 PERT (Program Evaluation and Review Technique) * |
Shadan Hojin Jyoho Shori Gakkai-Hen (Denshi Keisanki Handbook) 25 May 1966 (25. 05. 66) Ohm-Sha p. 6-49-52 especially, see (3) Seiteki PERT (Static Pert) * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS6441966A (en) | 1989-02-14 |
US5101340A (en) | 1992-03-31 |
EP0328681A4 (en) | 1991-11-21 |
EP0328681A1 (en) | 1989-08-23 |
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