US6648571B1 - Mobile handling apparatus for loading and unloading ships in docks - Google Patents

Mobile handling apparatus for loading and unloading ships in docks Download PDF

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Publication number
US6648571B1
US6648571B1 US09/661,363 US66136300A US6648571B1 US 6648571 B1 US6648571 B1 US 6648571B1 US 66136300 A US66136300 A US 66136300A US 6648571 B1 US6648571 B1 US 6648571B1
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United States
Prior art keywords
handling apparatus
undercarriage
mobile handling
supporting
tower
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related, expires
Application number
US09/661,363
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English (en)
Inventor
Hermann Franzen
Dieter Klessinger
Joachim Kröll
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Demag Cranes and Components GmbH
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Atecs Mannesmann GmbH
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Assigned to ATECS MANNESMANN AG reassignment ATECS MANNESMANN AG ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: FRANZEN, HERMANN, KLESSINGER, DIETER, KROLL, JOACHIM
Assigned to ATECS MANNESMANN GMBH reassignment ATECS MANNESMANN GMBH CHANGE OF NAME (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: ATECS MANNESMANN AG
Assigned to GOTTWALD PORT TECHNOLOGY GMBH reassignment GOTTWALD PORT TECHNOLOGY GMBH ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: ATECS MANNESMANN GMBH
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Assigned to TEREX MHPS GMBH reassignment TEREX MHPS GMBH MERGER AND CHANGE OF NAME (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: GOTTWALD PORT TECHNOLOGY GMBH, TEREX MHPS GMBH
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
    • B66C23/06—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes with jibs mounted for jibbing or luffing movements
    • B66C23/08—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes with jibs mounted for jibbing or luffing movements and adapted to move the loads in predetermined paths
    • B66C23/10—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes with jibs mounted for jibbing or luffing movements and adapted to move the loads in predetermined paths the paths being substantially horizontal; Level-luffing jib-cranes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C5/00—Base supporting structures with legs
    • B66C5/02—Fixed or travelling bridges or gantries, i.e. elongated structures of inverted L or of inverted U shape or tripods

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a mobile handling apparatus for loading and unloading ships in docks, in particular for combined container and bulk goods handling, using a luffing jib which is coupled to the tower of a harbor crane and has exchangeable load picking-up means.
  • loading bridges In order to load ships with containers or bulk goods and to unload these from ships, in loading docks use is predominantly made of loading bridges which can be moved along the ship to be loaded or unloaded on rails placed on the quay.
  • the loading bridges can only be placed at another location by means of a large outlay, for example by means of transfer devices or floating cranes, an outlay which is not only expensive, but also costs much valuable loading time.
  • a handling apparatus similar to a mobile harbor crane is proposed, the tower of the harbor crane being connected, according to the invention, rigidly to a portal-like undercarriage which can be moved freely on preferably four steerable traveling mechanisms arranged on the portal supports.
  • supporting girders mounted so that they can be extended vertically are provided on the undercarriage on the side facing the load.
  • the supporting girders bear, at their free ends, vertical supporting pillars on which rail or tracklaying traveling mechanisms which can be raised and lowered are arranged.
  • the superstructure including the rotational mechanism, and also the double-sided support are omitted.
  • the tower is connected rigidly to the portal-like undercarriage via a flange connection.
  • the luffing jib which is coupled to the tower can either be adjusted by means of a cable-operated luffing mechanism or by means of a hydraulic luffing mechanism.
  • a further feature of the invention makes provision for a prestressed, pressure-medium-operated spring-loaded element to be provided between the jib foot and the tower.
  • the undercarriage is designed as a box-type girder mechanism which serves as a base for the drive assembly, the hoisting winches, the luffing mechanism and the electrical supply, as well as the fuel tanks.
  • the undercarriage can be reached via ascents or descents.
  • a crane cabin in the upper region of the tower enables the crane driver to have an optimum view of the freight and of the loading region.
  • cameras in the jib tip can transmit the loading situation to a monitor within the cabin.
  • the portal-like undercarriage having four traveling mechanisms which have rubber tires and are arranged under the portal supports enables unlimited movement of the apparatus on the quay in every direction.
  • the parallel movement of the handling apparatus with respect to the edge of the quay or water-side rail is monitored by a navigation system as is known from AGVs (automated guided vehicles).
  • Supporting girders which can be pushed out horizontally position, under sensor monitoring and electronic control, the rail traveling mechanisms of the supporting pillars to form a water-side rail into which the traveling mechanisms can be lowered.
  • the handling apparatus oriented on the water-side rail, is moved, according to the invention, in the longitudinal direction of the quay or ship in a controlled manner. This simultaneously forms the support which faces the water on one side and together with the undercarriage chassis constitutes the supporting base of the handling apparatus.
  • the rails which are in any case present in docks and on which the loading bridges are generally moved can be used, the present handling apparatus according to the invention only using the water-side rail into which the rail traveling mechanisms of the supporting pillars are lowered.
  • the traveling mechanisms which are provided on the portal supports and/or the supporting pillars are controlled in synchronism electronically and move the handling apparatus parallel to the quay.
  • Another feature of the invention makes provision for the undercarriage of the handling apparatus and also the supporting pillars to be dimensioned so that clearance areas for travelways are left between the extended supporting pillars and the portal supports and below the undercarriage.
  • the clear height between the supporting pillars and portal supports is greater than the height of container transport vehicles and devices.
  • the clearance area between the rail and the undercarriage traveling mechanisms creates space for at least two traffic lanes, for example for trucks, multitrailer systems or AGVs.
  • An additional travelway, for example for trucks, is provided between the portal supports of the undercarriage.
  • the traveling mechanisms which are arranged on the supporting pillars are raised from the ground or from the rail, the supporting girders are retracted horizontally, so that the supporting pillars are positioned in the vicinity of the portal supports and the center of gravity of the handling apparatus is situated on the central axis of the apparatus. In this position, a change in location, for example the automatic movement from one quay to the other, can take place.
  • the new type of handling apparatus in order to handle bulk goods, can be fitted with a shorter jib and tower to form a grab crane.
  • Another feature of the invention preferably makes provision, for the bulk goods handling, to select the clear height of the handling apparatus between the supporting pillars and portal supports so that there is room there for a supply or transfer bunker (hopper).
  • the discharging conveyor belt mounted below the undercarriage conveys the bulk goods leaving the hopper to a conveyor belt running along the quay outside and next to the handling apparatus.
  • the handling apparatus proposed according to the invention is mobile and flexible in use.
  • the costs for the purchase and maintenance can be calculated as being approximately 30-40% lower in comparison with conventional container and bulk goods loading bridges.
  • the cost advantages put the operator of the handling apparatus into the position of being able to calculate competitive handling costs ($/Container or $/t bulk goods) and of being able to provide his services in a correspondingly more reasonable manner.
  • FIG. 1 shows a side view of the inventive handling apparatus during unloading of containers
  • FIG. 2 shows the side view of the handling apparatus in the transportation position
  • FIG. 3 shows a detail view from FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 shows the front view of the handling apparatus
  • FIG. 5 shows the plan view of the undercarriage
  • FIG. 6 shows the side view of the handling apparatus during the handling of bulk goods.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates the handling apparatus according to the invention in its operating position during the loading and unloading of containers.
  • the drawing sketch shows the handling apparatus 1 in front of a container ship 3 , situated at the quay 2 , of the new generation (7000 to 8000 TEU Container loading capacity).
  • the handling apparatus 1 consists essentially of an undercarriage 4 with a displaceable support 5 , a tower 6 and a jib 7 .
  • the minimum range of swing of the jib 7 (which also corresponds to the transport position of the apparatus) is sketched by dash-dotted lines and indicated by 7 . 1 .
  • the tower 6 and the undercarriage 4 are connected rigidly to each other via a flange. connection 8 .
  • Two hoisting winches 9 . 1 and 9 . 2 are arranged below the tower 6 .
  • the load picking-up means 11 which is fastened to hoisting cables 10 . 1 and 10 . 2 , is designed as a spreader for picking up ISO containers and picks the load 12 up.
  • the jib 7 is adjusted by means of a cable-operated luffing mechanism 13 consisting of a luffing winch 13 . 1 and a block and pulley 13 . 2 .
  • a mobile counterweight 14 which is guided on the tower 6 and is connected to the jib 7 by two cables 14 . 1 , compensates for part of the jib weight and thus reduces the driving power required for the luffing means.
  • a cabin 17 can be reached via the step ascent 15 or the elevator 16 on the outside of the tower 6 .
  • FIG. 2 four rigidly mounted portal supports 4 . 1 and 4 . 2 having traveling mechanisms 18 and 19 are provided on the undercarriage 4 .
  • the supporting girders 5 . 1 are mounted in a horizontally movable manner in the supporting box 4 . 3 of the undercarriage 4 , the vertical supporting pillars 5 . 2 of the displaceable support 5 being arranged at the free ends of the supporting girders 5 . 1 .
  • a rail traveling mechanism 21 is mounted at the lower end of each supporting pillar 5 . 2 , on a supporting cylinder 20 , in a manner such that it can be raised and lowered.
  • the rail traveling mechanism 21 is supported on a crane rail 22 placed on the water side of the quay 2 .
  • FIG. 2 shows the transport position of the handling apparatus 1 .
  • the jib is pivoted into its steepest position and the displaceable support 5 is retracted into its transport position.
  • the rail traveling mechanism 21 is raised up by retracting the hydraulic cylinder 20 and is no longer in contact with the rail 22 .
  • the center of gravity of the handling apparatus 1 is now situated in the region of the central axis of the apparatus.
  • the load picking-up means 11 is fixed in the region of the support 5 .
  • the handling apparatus 1 prepared in this manner can now be moved freely on the quay 2 to another location of use on the traveling mechanisms 18 , 19 which are provided with rubber tires.
  • the clamping length of a spring-loaded element 25 changes from its minimum length 26 to its maximum length 26 . 1 .
  • the spring-loaded element 25 is arranged between the bearing foot point 27 and corresponding position of the bearing head point 28 and 28 . 1 (FIG. 3 ).
  • FIG. 4 shows the front view of the container handling apparatus 1 which is standing on the quay 2 by means of the portal supports 4 . 1 and 4 . 2 , which are mounted rigidly on the undercarriage 4 , and the traveling mechanisms 18 and 19 .
  • the undercarriage 4 serves as a base for the hoisting winches 9 . 1 and 9 . 2 , the luffing winch 13 . 1 , the electricity area 29 , the drive assembly 30 and the fuel and hydraulic tank 31 .
  • Parallel to the tower 6 the step ascent 15 leads to the cabin 16 .
  • the figure of the drawing also illustrates an AGV 23 loaded with the freight 32 in the loading position with respect to the container handling apparatus 1 .
  • FIG. 5 illustrates the plan view of the handling apparatus 1 below the tower 6 .
  • the undercarriage 4 with the supporting box 4 . 3 and the supporting girder 5 . 1 can be seen.
  • the hoisting winches 9 . 1 and 9 . 2 , the luffing winch 13 . 1 , the traveling mechanisms 18 and 19 , the rail traveling mechanisms 21 , the electricity area 29 and the drive assembly 30 are likewise illustrated.
  • the supporting pillars 5 . 2 are connected to one another by means of the cross tying 33 .
  • an unloaded AGV and an AGV 23 loaded with the freight 32 can be seen.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates a handling apparatus according to the invention for loading and unloading bulk goods.
  • the handling apparatus is denoted by 39 .
  • the apparatus has been fitted with a shorter jib 45 and a shorter tower 44 .
  • the ship containing the bulk goods and situated at the quay 40 is denoted here by 41 .
  • the handling apparatus 39 consists of the undercarriage 42 , the support 43 , the tower 44 , the jib 45 and the load picking-up means 46 in the form of a grab.
  • the minimum extent of utilization is indicated and illustrated by 45 . 1 .
  • a discharging conveyor belt 47 which can be displaced for the construction phase and is mounted below the undercarriage 42 and between the rigidly mounted portal supports 42 . 1 and 42 . 2 , conveys the bulk goods from a hopper 48 to, for example, 1 longitudinal conveyor belt 49 on the quay 40 .
  • the hopper 48 is placed between the supporting pillars 43 . 2 and the portal supports 42 . 1 .
  • the displaceable discharging conveyor belt 47 is situated in a position which does not adversely affect the clearance limit for the hopper 48 . After the hopper 48 is aligned with respect to the bulk goods handling apparatus 39 , the discharging conveyor belt 47 is pushed into the illustrated working position.
US09/661,363 1999-09-14 2000-09-14 Mobile handling apparatus for loading and unloading ships in docks Expired - Fee Related US6648571B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19944969A DE19944969C2 (de) 1999-09-14 1999-09-14 Mobiles Umschlaggerät zum Be- und Entladen von Schiffen in Hafenanlagen
DE19944969 1999-09-14

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Publication Number Publication Date
US6648571B1 true US6648571B1 (en) 2003-11-18

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US09/661,363 Expired - Fee Related US6648571B1 (en) 1999-09-14 2000-09-14 Mobile handling apparatus for loading and unloading ships in docks

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US (1) US6648571B1 (de)
EP (1) EP1090873B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE273920T1 (de)
DE (2) DE19944969C2 (de)
DK (1) DK1090873T3 (de)
ES (1) ES2226709T3 (de)
PT (1) PT1090873E (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100212236A1 (en) * 2005-07-15 2010-08-26 Bourdages Evangeliste Gin Pole Device for Raising and Lowering a Tower
US20110239435A1 (en) * 2008-11-17 2011-10-06 Vestas Wind Systems A/S Method of lifting a wind turbine nacelle
US20130120577A1 (en) * 2010-04-29 2013-05-16 National Oilwell Varco, L.P. Videometric systems and methods for offshore and oil-well drilling

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10222677B4 (de) * 2002-05-22 2006-10-26 Sachtler Gmbh & Co. Kg Gerätekran, insbesondere Kamerakran
CN104750908B (zh) * 2015-01-22 2021-03-05 山东建筑大学 一种获取塔机起重臂预应力的方法及装置

Citations (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3339707A (en) * 1966-02-04 1967-09-05 Mcdowell Wellman Eng Co Material handling apparatus
US3486641A (en) * 1969-01-27 1969-12-30 Fruehauf Corp Bulk loader,unloader,and cargo container handling crane and method
DE1950885A1 (de) 1969-10-09 1971-04-22 Demag Ag Vorrichtung zum Daempfen von Lastpendelbewegungen an Doppellenker-Wippkranen
GB1284330A (en) 1969-06-17 1972-08-09 Battelle Memorial Institute Hoisting installation
US3722705A (en) * 1971-05-28 1973-03-27 C Gould Marine crane particularly designed for handling cargo containers
DE2149732A1 (de) 1971-10-05 1973-04-12 Hans Dipl-Ing Tax Verladekran
DD102984A1 (de) 1973-03-21 1974-01-05
US3958106A (en) * 1974-12-24 1976-05-18 Beckwith Elevator Co., Inc. Article identifying system having scanner for vertical movement in synchronism with the article
US4200162A (en) 1977-03-28 1980-04-29 Hans Tax Traveling gantry
DE2908584A1 (de) 1979-03-05 1980-09-11 Gottwald Kg Leo Mobilkran
EP0118531A1 (de) 1982-09-02 1984-09-19 David J Miller Vorrichtung und verfahren zum entladen von massengut.
US5232327A (en) * 1988-09-06 1993-08-03 O&K Orenstein & Koppel Ag Ship loader or unloader
US5435410A (en) * 1993-07-21 1995-07-25 Langston; Ralph C. Bridge sidewalk vehicle
EP0719725A2 (de) 1994-12-22 1996-07-03 MANNESMANN Aktiengesellschaft Mobilkran, insbesondere Hafenmobilkran
DE29606717U1 (de) 1996-04-15 1996-10-02 Vulkan Kocks Gmbh Spurweitenveränderliches Unterportal für Containerverladebrücken
DE19615792C1 (de) 1996-04-20 1997-06-05 Man Takraf Foerdertechnik Gmbh Mitnehmerklappen für einen Senkrechtförderer für Schüttgut

Patent Citations (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3339707A (en) * 1966-02-04 1967-09-05 Mcdowell Wellman Eng Co Material handling apparatus
US3486641A (en) * 1969-01-27 1969-12-30 Fruehauf Corp Bulk loader,unloader,and cargo container handling crane and method
GB1284330A (en) 1969-06-17 1972-08-09 Battelle Memorial Institute Hoisting installation
DE1950885A1 (de) 1969-10-09 1971-04-22 Demag Ag Vorrichtung zum Daempfen von Lastpendelbewegungen an Doppellenker-Wippkranen
US3722705A (en) * 1971-05-28 1973-03-27 C Gould Marine crane particularly designed for handling cargo containers
DE2149732A1 (de) 1971-10-05 1973-04-12 Hans Dipl-Ing Tax Verladekran
DD102984A1 (de) 1973-03-21 1974-01-05
US3958106A (en) * 1974-12-24 1976-05-18 Beckwith Elevator Co., Inc. Article identifying system having scanner for vertical movement in synchronism with the article
US4200162A (en) 1977-03-28 1980-04-29 Hans Tax Traveling gantry
DE2908584A1 (de) 1979-03-05 1980-09-11 Gottwald Kg Leo Mobilkran
EP0118531A1 (de) 1982-09-02 1984-09-19 David J Miller Vorrichtung und verfahren zum entladen von massengut.
US5232327A (en) * 1988-09-06 1993-08-03 O&K Orenstein & Koppel Ag Ship loader or unloader
US5435410A (en) * 1993-07-21 1995-07-25 Langston; Ralph C. Bridge sidewalk vehicle
EP0719725A2 (de) 1994-12-22 1996-07-03 MANNESMANN Aktiengesellschaft Mobilkran, insbesondere Hafenmobilkran
DE29606717U1 (de) 1996-04-15 1996-10-02 Vulkan Kocks Gmbh Spurweitenveränderliches Unterportal für Containerverladebrücken
DE19615792C1 (de) 1996-04-20 1997-06-05 Man Takraf Foerdertechnik Gmbh Mitnehmerklappen für einen Senkrechtförderer für Schüttgut

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Article entitled "Pneumatische Fördereinrichtung mit Dosieranlage" published in magazine f+h report 83. Page 16.

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20100212236A1 (en) * 2005-07-15 2010-08-26 Bourdages Evangeliste Gin Pole Device for Raising and Lowering a Tower
US20110239435A1 (en) * 2008-11-17 2011-10-06 Vestas Wind Systems A/S Method of lifting a wind turbine nacelle
US8096051B2 (en) * 2008-11-17 2012-01-17 Vestas Wind Systems A/S Method of lifting a wind turbine nacelle
US20130120577A1 (en) * 2010-04-29 2013-05-16 National Oilwell Varco, L.P. Videometric systems and methods for offshore and oil-well drilling
US9303473B2 (en) * 2010-04-29 2016-04-05 National Oilwell Varco, L.P. Videometric systems and methods for offshore and oil-well drilling

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE19944969A1 (de) 2001-03-22
DE50007451D1 (de) 2004-09-23
ATE273920T1 (de) 2004-09-15
EP1090873A1 (de) 2001-04-11
DK1090873T3 (da) 2004-12-06
DE19944969C2 (de) 2001-10-25
ES2226709T3 (es) 2005-04-01
EP1090873B1 (de) 2004-08-18
PT1090873E (pt) 2004-12-31

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