US5373709A - Absorption type refrigerator - Google Patents

Absorption type refrigerator Download PDF

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Publication number
US5373709A
US5373709A US08/031,126 US3112693A US5373709A US 5373709 A US5373709 A US 5373709A US 3112693 A US3112693 A US 3112693A US 5373709 A US5373709 A US 5373709A
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United States
Prior art keywords
solution
chamber
heat
generator
diluted solution
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Expired - Lifetime
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US08/031,126
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English (en)
Inventor
Shinji Tongu
Kazumitsu Onoda
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Yazaki Corp
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Yazaki Corp
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B15/00—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type
    • F25B15/02—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type without inert gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B33/00—Boilers; Analysers; Rectifiers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2333/00—Details of boilers; Analysers; Rectifiers
    • F25B2333/003—Details of boilers; Analysers; Rectifiers the generator or boiler is heated by combustion gas
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/62—Absorption based systems

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an absorption type refrigerator, and more particularly to an absorption type refrigerator which has an improved heat-exchange efficiency and is compact and relatively inexpensive.
  • Co-pending U.S. application Ser. No. 07/911,554 discloses a heat exchange device for an absorption type refrigerator, which includes a wave-like shape bellows-fin formed by consecutively bending a thin plate and seal plates attached to ends of the bellows-fin for sealingly separating chambers disposed on opposite sides of the bellows-fin.
  • the present invention is directed to the use of this heat-exchange device as a (high-temperature) generator.
  • FIGS. 6(a) and 6(b) A conventional (high-temperature) generator is constructed as shown in FIGS. 6(a) and 6(b), where FIG. 6(a) is a cross-sectional view of the generator and FIG. 6(b) is a perspective view of an internal portion thereof.
  • a furnace tube portion 19 and a smoke tube portion 20 are provided within a drum 18 and submerged in solution so as to function as heat transmitting tubes.
  • the furnace tube portion 19 and the exhaust pipe portion 20 are connected at their ends to a tube plate by soldering or the like so as to communicate with each other.
  • the furnace tube portion 19 is provided at its one end with a burner 1 which mixes and burns the supplied fuel and air and moves the generated combustion gas from the furnace tube portion 19 through the exhaust pipe portion 20.
  • the combustion gas is heat-exchanged with the solution through the heat transmitting tubes during the movement thereof, and thereafter discharged as an exhaust gas.
  • the solution is introduced into the inside of the drum through a diluted solution inlet 3, generates refrigerant vapor through the heat-exchange with the combustion gas, is converted into medium concentration solution and is discharged from a medium concentration solution outlet 4.
  • the generated refrigerant vapor is discharged from the refrigerant vapor outlet 5 provided in an upper portion of the drum.
  • a conventional (high-temperature) generator of the absorption type refrigerator has the following disadvantages.
  • the generator cannot perform sufficient heat exchange since the liquid level is relatively high, above the top of the smoke pipe, making it difficult to boil the solution. Therefore, a large amount of solution is necessary, resulting in a high cost. Since the amount of the solution is relatively large, the heat quantity required for heating the solution must be increased, and therefore, the set-up or build-up time must be lengthened further increasing the cost. Further, since the heat is likely to be transmitted to the pipe plate, the soldering portion between the furnace tube and the smoke pipe must be increased in strength against the thermal stress applied thereto. Therefore, the furnace tube and the smoke pipe must be relatively thick, resulting in yet additional costs. In view of the assembling process employing the soldering process, it is difficult to reduce the size of the generator.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an absorption type refrigerator in which a (high-temperature) generator has an improved heat-exchange efficiency and is relatively compact and inexpensive.
  • a (high-temperature) generator provided in an absorption type refrigerator is constructed using a heat-exchanger made up of a bellows-fin formed by consecutively bending a thin plate into a wave-like form and seal plates attached to ends of the bellows-fin for sealingly separating chambers disposed on opposite sides of the bellows-fin.
  • the bellows-fin is transversely arranged so that a lower one of the chambers defined by the bellows-fin is used as a combustion chamber and an exhaust path for a burner whereas a diluted solution is introduced into an upper chamber and discharged therefrom for circulation after generating vapor refrigerant and being converted into concentration solution.
  • the bellows-fin is vertically arranged so that one of the chambers disposed on one side of the bellows-fin is used as the burner combustion chamber and exhaust path in which gas flows vertically from a lower portion to an upper portion thereof whereas the diluted solution is dripped vertically from an upper portion of the other chamber to form liquid layer to be boiled and evaporated to generate vapor refrigerant and then discharged as the concentration solution from the lower portion of the chamber for circulation.
  • the solution and the combustion gas flow in opposite directions in the respective chambers defined by the wave-like form bellows-fin formed as described above, so that the contact area can be substantially increased, resulting in a remarkable increase in heat-exchange efficiency.
  • one of the chambers can serve also as the burner combustion chamber and exhaust path, the entire device can be reduced in size and weight, so that the device can be manufactured at a reduced cost.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematical view of a generator provided in an absorption type refrigerator, which is an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a heat-exchange portion of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematical view of a generator provided in an absorption type refrigerator, which is another embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a heat-exchange portion of FIG. 3;
  • FIG. 5 shows an example in which a generator for an absorption type refrigerator according to the present invention is applied to a double effect absorption type refrigerator
  • FIG. 6 shows a conventional heat exchanger
  • FIGS. 1 to 3 the present invention is described in regard to the single-effect absorption type refrigerator, and an example in which the present invention is applied to the double-effect absorption type refrigerator is shown in FIG. 5.
  • the single-effect absorption type refrigerator generally includes: a generator in which the diluted solution is heated by a heat source to generate vapor refrigerant and converted into concentration solution; a condenser in which the vapor refrigerant generated in the generator is cooled and liquified to provide liquid refrigerant; an evaporator in which the liquid refrigerant supplied from the condenser is dispersed and evaporated onto a water-cooling device from which cooled water is obtained utilizing evaporative heat; an absorber in which the concentration solution obtained in the generator and subjected to the heat-exchange in solution heat-exchanger is dispersed so as to absorb the vapor refrigerant evaporated in the evaporator; and a solution circulating pump for supplying diluted solution, which has absorbed refrigerant in the absorber, to the generator through a solution heat-exchanger.
  • the present invention relates to a generator provided in the absorption type refrigerator of this kind.
  • a generator provided in the absorption type refrigerator of this kind.
  • FIGS. 1(a) and (b) illustrate a generator in which a bellows-fin is transversely arranged, where FIG. 1(a) is a front sectional view thereof, and FIG. 1(b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line A--A of FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a heat-exchange portion of the generator.
  • the generator includes a burner 1 for fuel combustion; a heat-exchanger integrally made up of a bellows-fin 21 formed by consecutively bending a thin plate having excellent heat conductive properties into a wave-like form and seal plates 22 and 23 sealingly attached to ends of the bellows-fin for separating chambers formed by crest and bottom portions of the bellows-fin 21 such that the chambers are disposed on opposite sides of the bellows-fin; an inlet 3 for introducing diluted solution which is supplied from an absorber through a solution heat-exchanger; a concentration solution outlet 4 through which the concentration solution is discharged after the diluted solution is subjected to the heat-exchange with combustion gas to generate vapor refrigerant; a vapor refrigerant outlet provided in an upper portion of the generator; a demister 6 for separating, from the vapor refrigerant, solution which is conveyed together with the vapor refrigerant; an outer drum 7 for defining a heat-exchange chamber of the
  • the operation of the generator thus constructed is now described.
  • the diluted solution is introduced through the diluted solution inlet 3 into an upper chamber defined by the bellows-fin 21 and the outer drum 7, and heat-exchanged with the combustion gas, which passes through the lower chamber defined by the bottom portion of the bellows-fin 21 and the seal plates 22 and 23.
  • This heat exchange results in the generation of the vapor refrigerant and the conversion of the diluted solution to a concentration solution.
  • the concentrated solution flows over the seal plate 23 and is supplied to the concentration solution outlet 4.
  • the generated vapor refrigerant is completely separated from the solution by the demister 6 and discharged through the vapor refrigerant outlet 5.
  • the combustion gas flows in a direction opposite to a direction in which the diluted solution flows, as shown in FIG. 1(a), so that the heat-exchange efficiency is enhanced.
  • the combustion gas, which has been subjected to the heat-exchange, is discharged as exhaust gas from the discharge pipe 8 outside the generator.
  • FIGS. 3(a) and (b) show a generator in which the bellows-fin is arranged vertically, where FIG. 1(a) is a front sectional view and FIG. 1(b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line A--A.
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a heat-exchange portion thereof.
  • the generator includes a burner 1 for fuel combustion; a heat-exchanger including a bellows-fin 21 integrally formed by consecutively bending a thin plate having excellent heat conductive property into a wave-like form and seal plates 22' and 23 sealingly attached to ends of bellows-fin for separating chambers formed by the bellows-fin 21; a diluted solution inlet 3 provided in an upper portion of the generator for introducing diluted solution supplied from an absorber into the solution heat-exchanger; a concentration solution outlet 4 through which concentration solution is discharged after the diluted solution is subjected to the heat-exchange with combustion gas to generate vapor refrigerant; a vapor refrigerant outlet 5 provided in an upper portion of the generator; a demister 6 for separating, from the vapor refrigerant, solution which is conveyed together with the vapor refrigerant; an outer drum 7 for defining a heat-exchanger chamber of the solution-side in cooperation with the bellows-fin 21; an exhaust
  • the dispersing dripper 9 may be a spray type.
  • the side plate 24 is formed with an opening 25 through which a flame of the burner and the combustion gas are introduced, and another opening 26 located above the opening 25, to which the discharge pipe 8 is connected.
  • the seal plate 22' is provided to also act as a seal for the exhaust gas.
  • the operation of the generator thus constructed is described.
  • the diluted solution is first introduced through the diluted solution inlet 3, distributed uniformly along the wall of the bellows-fin 21 by the dispersing dripper 9, and heat-exchanged with the combustion gas, which passes inside the chamber forming the combustion chamber and smoke path, on a portion of the heat exchanger 2 made up of the bellows-fin 21 and the seal plate 22' and 23.
  • This heat exchange generates the vapor refrigerant from the diluted solution so as to convert the diluted solution into concentration solution.
  • the concentration solution is then discharged from the concentration solution outlet 4 provided in a lower portion of the generator.
  • the generated vapor refrigerant is completely separated from the solution by the demister 6 and discharged from the vapor refrigerant outlet 5.
  • the flow direction of the diluted solution is opposite to the flow direction of the combustion gas, so that the heat-exchange efficiency is enhanced.
  • the combustion gas which has been subjected to the heat-exchange is discharged outwardly as the exhaust gas from the exhaust pipe 8.
  • FIG. 5 show an example of the generator in which the bellows-fin is arranged transversely.
  • the generator is designed to also function as a separator used in a conventional double-effect absorption type refrigerator.
  • the solution flowing inwardly through the diluted solution inlet 3 is heat-exchanged with the combustion gas in the heat-exchanger 2 to generate vapor refrigerant, converted into the medium-concentration solution, and discharge from the medium-concentration solution outlet 4.
  • the generated vapor refrigerant is separated from the solution by the demister 6 and discharged from the vapor refrigerant outlet 5.
  • the discharged medium-concentration solution is supplied to the high-temperature exchanger 14 whereas the vapor refrigerant is supplied to the low-temperature generator 10.
  • the medium-concentration solution whose temperature has been lowered by the high-temperature heat exchanger 14, is heated again by the vapor refrigerant supplied from the vapor refrigerant outlet 5 so that the vapor refrigerant is further generated from the medium-concentration solution.
  • the thus generated vapor refrigerant is supplied to the condenser 11.
  • the medium-concentration solution is converted into the concentration solution.
  • the vapor refrigerant supplied from the vapor refrigerant outlet 5 is partially condensed to provide liquid refrigerant which is supplied to the condenser 11.
  • both the vapor refrigerant generated in the low-temperature generator 10 and the vapor refrigerant which has not been converted into the liquid refrigerant in the low-temperature generator 10 are cooled and liquified by the cooling water to provide liquid refrigerant which is supplied to the evaporator 12.
  • the evaporator 12 there is disposed a heat conductive pipe (water-cooling device) 12A inside which circulating water to be cooled flows.
  • the liquid refrigerant supplied from the condenser 11 is dispersed onto the heat-conductive pipe 12A using the dripper 12B so that the circulating water is cooled utilizing evaporative heat generated when the liquid refrigerant is converted into the vapor refrigerant.
  • the concentration solution introduced from the low-temperature generator 10 through the low-temperature heat-exchanger 15 is dispersed and dripped using dripper 13B so that the concentration solution absorbs the vapor refrigerant evaporated in the evaporator 12.
  • the absorption in the absorber 13 functions to secure a high vacuum effect of the evaporator 12, so that the liquid refrigerant dispersed onto the heat-conductive pipe 12A of the evaporator 12 can be immediately evaporated.
  • a cooling means 13A for cooling the concentration solution and converting the concentration solution into the diluted solution.
  • the cooling means 13a is made up of a coiled pipe and communicates with a cooling means 11A provided in the condenser 11.
  • the cooling water is circulated inside the cooling means.
  • the medium-concentration solution having a high temperature is heat-exchanged with the diluted solution having a low temperature in the high-temperature solution heat-exchanger 14 and the concentration solution having a high temperature is heat-exchanged with the diluted solution having a low-temperature in the low-temperature solution heat-exchanger 15 so that the solution heat exchanger is divided into two stages including upper and lower portions to improve heat-exchange efficiency.
  • the solution circulating pump 16 supplies the diluted solution, which has absorbed vapor refrigerant therein in the absorber 13, through the low-temperature solution heat-exchanger 15 and the high-temperature solution heat-exchanger 14 to the high-temperature generator to circulate the solution again.
  • reference numeral 17 denotes a cooling and heating cycle switch valve disposed in a midportion of a connection pipe connecting the medium-concentration solution outlet 4 to the evaporator 12 and the absorber 13.
  • the vapor refrigerant and the medium-concentration solution are directly supplied to the evaporator 12 so as to be heat-exchanged with the circulating water through the heat-conductive pipe (water-heating device) 12A to provide heated water.
  • the absorption type refrigerator produces the following effect. Since it is possible to manufacture the (high-temperature) generator with simple construction, the entire device can be reduced in size and weight. Since the solution, when heat-exchanged with the combustion gas, is easily boiled due to the relatively shallow level of the solution, the heat-exchange efficiency is excellent. Further, since the flow direction of the solution is opposite to the flow direction of the combustion gas in this heat-exchange operation, the heat-exchange efficiency is excellent. Finally, since it is possible to reduce the amount of the solution introduced into the chamber for generating the vapor refrigerant, the device is much more economical.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)
US08/031,126 1992-03-13 1993-03-12 Absorption type refrigerator Expired - Lifetime US5373709A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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JP4-055033 1992-03-13
JP4055033A JP2627381B2 (ja) 1992-03-13 1992-03-13 吸収式冷凍機

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5673569A (en) * 1994-10-18 1997-10-07 Ebara Corporation Double effect absorption cold or hot water generating machine
US20070034194A1 (en) * 2003-09-19 2007-02-15 Roberto Defilippi Cooling device for a fuel-recirculation circuit from the injection system to the tank of a motor vehicle
JP2012137257A (ja) * 2010-12-27 2012-07-19 Sanyo Electric Co Ltd 排ガス熱回収器及び吸収式冷凍機
US20190178508A1 (en) * 2015-07-30 2019-06-13 Omar Crespo-Calero Protective seal for coil fins of an air conditioning condenser unit
US10969146B2 (en) 2016-08-26 2021-04-06 Carrier Corporation Refrigerant distributor for falling film evaporator
US11236931B2 (en) * 2016-01-28 2022-02-01 Cool4Sea Aps Absorption refrigeration and air conditioning devices

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR102524261B1 (ko) 2016-11-29 2023-04-24 엘지전자 주식회사 고온재생기

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1735869A (en) * 1927-01-26 1929-11-19 Donald B Knight Refrigeration
US2019351A (en) * 1934-11-17 1935-10-29 Gen Electric Air conditioning apparatus
DE911136C (de) * 1938-12-22 1954-05-10 Junker & Ruh A G Kocher fuer Absorptionskaelteapparate
US3177930A (en) * 1960-09-26 1965-04-13 Arkla Ind Refrigeration system
US3287928A (en) * 1964-04-14 1966-11-29 American Radiator & Standard Decrystallizer means for double effect absorption refrigeration system
FR1470541A (fr) * 1966-03-02 1967-02-24 Appbau Mylau Veb échangeur thermique à plaques et son procédé d'utilisation
US3316727A (en) * 1964-06-29 1967-05-02 Carrier Corp Absorption refrigeration systems
US3353369A (en) * 1965-10-20 1967-11-21 Whirlpool Co Absorption refrigeration system
FR2269694A1 (en) * 1974-05-01 1975-11-28 Deschamps Lab Inc Duct shaped simplified heat exchanger - has corrugated sheet between sides, ends blocked and two chambers
FR2367265A1 (fr) * 1976-10-11 1978-05-05 Covedal Echangeur air-air a haut rendement
US4126014A (en) * 1977-05-09 1978-11-21 Thomas Kay Solar collector panel and refrigeration system operated thereby

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1735869A (en) * 1927-01-26 1929-11-19 Donald B Knight Refrigeration
US2019351A (en) * 1934-11-17 1935-10-29 Gen Electric Air conditioning apparatus
DE911136C (de) * 1938-12-22 1954-05-10 Junker & Ruh A G Kocher fuer Absorptionskaelteapparate
US3177930A (en) * 1960-09-26 1965-04-13 Arkla Ind Refrigeration system
US3287928A (en) * 1964-04-14 1966-11-29 American Radiator & Standard Decrystallizer means for double effect absorption refrigeration system
US3316727A (en) * 1964-06-29 1967-05-02 Carrier Corp Absorption refrigeration systems
US3353369A (en) * 1965-10-20 1967-11-21 Whirlpool Co Absorption refrigeration system
FR1470541A (fr) * 1966-03-02 1967-02-24 Appbau Mylau Veb échangeur thermique à plaques et son procédé d'utilisation
FR2269694A1 (en) * 1974-05-01 1975-11-28 Deschamps Lab Inc Duct shaped simplified heat exchanger - has corrugated sheet between sides, ends blocked and two chambers
FR2367265A1 (fr) * 1976-10-11 1978-05-05 Covedal Echangeur air-air a haut rendement
US4126014A (en) * 1977-05-09 1978-11-21 Thomas Kay Solar collector panel and refrigeration system operated thereby

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5673569A (en) * 1994-10-18 1997-10-07 Ebara Corporation Double effect absorption cold or hot water generating machine
US20070034194A1 (en) * 2003-09-19 2007-02-15 Roberto Defilippi Cooling device for a fuel-recirculation circuit from the injection system to the tank of a motor vehicle
JP2012137257A (ja) * 2010-12-27 2012-07-19 Sanyo Electric Co Ltd 排ガス熱回収器及び吸収式冷凍機
US20190178508A1 (en) * 2015-07-30 2019-06-13 Omar Crespo-Calero Protective seal for coil fins of an air conditioning condenser unit
US11293649B2 (en) * 2015-07-30 2022-04-05 Omar Crespo-Calero Protective seal for coil fins of an air conditioning condenser unit
US11236931B2 (en) * 2016-01-28 2022-02-01 Cool4Sea Aps Absorption refrigeration and air conditioning devices
US10969146B2 (en) 2016-08-26 2021-04-06 Carrier Corporation Refrigerant distributor for falling film evaporator

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JP2627381B2 (ja) 1997-07-02

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