Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07C255/00—Carboxylic acid nitriles
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
  • A61P37/08—Antiallergic agents
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
  • A61P9/06—Antiarrhythmics
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
  • A61P9/10—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system for treating ischaemic or atherosclerotic diseases, e.g. antianginal drugs, coronary vasodilators, drugs for myocardial infarction, retinopathy, cerebrovascula insufficiency, renal arteriosclerosis
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D317/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
  • C07D317/08—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 3
  • C07D317/44—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 3 ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
  • C07D317/46—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 3 ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems condensed with one six-membered ring
  • C07D317/48—Methylenedioxybenzenes or hydrogenated methylenedioxybenzenes, unsubstituted on the hetero ring
  • C07D317/50—Methylenedioxybenzenes or hydrogenated methylenedioxybenzenes, unsubstituted on the hetero ring with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to atoms of the carbocyclic ring
  • C07D317/58—Radicals substituted by nitrogen atoms
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D317/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
  • C07D317/08—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 3
  • C07D317/44—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 3 ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
  • C07D317/46—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 3 ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems condensed with one six-membered ring
  • C07D317/48—Methylenedioxybenzenes or hydrogenated methylenedioxybenzenes, unsubstituted on the hetero ring
  • C07D317/50—Methylenedioxybenzenes or hydrogenated methylenedioxybenzenes, unsubstituted on the hetero ring with only hydrogen atoms, hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals, directly attached to atoms of the carbocyclic ring
  • C07D317/60—Radicals substituted by carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D319/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
  • C07D319/10—1,4-Dioxanes; Hydrogenated 1,4-dioxanes
  • C07D319/14—1,4-Dioxanes; Hydrogenated 1,4-dioxanes condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
  • C07D319/16—1,4-Dioxanes; Hydrogenated 1,4-dioxanes condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems condensed with one six-membered ring
  • C07D319/18—Ethylenedioxybenzenes, not substituted on the hetero ring

Definitions

• the present invention relates to novel ⁇ -cyano-1, ⁇ -diphenyl-azaalkane derivatives, their preparation, and drugs containing these substances.
• the present invention relates to ⁇ -cyano-1, ⁇ -diphenyl-azaalkane derivatives of the formula I ##STR2## where R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 6 , R 7 and R 8 are identical or different and each is hydrogen, halogen, hydroxyl, trifluoromethyl, C 1 -C 4 -alkyl, nitro, C 1 -C 4 -alkoxy or C 1 -C 4 -alkylmercapto, and two radicals in adjacent positions can together form a methylenedioxy, ethylenedioxy or 1,3-dioxatetramethylene group, R 4 is straight-chain or branched, saturated or unsaturated alkyl of 9 to 20 carbon atoms, R 5 is hydrogen or C 1 -C 4 -alkyl and m and n are identical or different and each is from 2 to 4, and salts thereof with physiologically tolerated acids.
• physiologically tolerated acids examples include hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, acetic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, lactic acid, amidosulfonic acid and oxalic acid.
• R 1 , R 2 , R 3 , R 6 , R 7 and R 8 are preferably hydrogen or alkoxy, in particular methoxy, R 4 is preferably straight-chain alkyl of 10 to 14, in particular 11 to 13, carbon atoms and R 5 is preferably methyl.
• novel compounds have an asymmetric carbon atom and can therefore be prepared in the form of their antipodes, cf. German Pat. Nos. 2,059,923 and 2,059,985.
• novel compounds are prepared by a process wherein
• R 4 has the above meanings, and Y is a leaving group, or
• the resulting compound is subjected to ether cleavage, and/or, if desired, the resulting compound is converted into a salt with a physiologically tolerated acid.
• Reaction (a) can be carried out, for example, by metallizing a CH-acid phenylacetonitrile of the formula II with a base in an inert solvent and reacting the product with a compound of the formula III. Where appropriate, it is also possible to add the base to a solution of compounds of the formula II and III.
• Suitable bases include alkali metal hydrides, hydroxides, alcoholates and amides, and organometallic compounds.
• Preferred based are sodium amide powder or suspension, potassium hydroxide powder, butyl-lithium and lithium diisopropylamide.
• Suitable solvents for the reaction include aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons, as well as higherboiling aliphatic ethers and dipolar aprotic solvents. Toluene is preferably used.
• Reaction (a) can also be carried out under phase transfer catalysis.
• Suitable catalysts are quaternary ammonium and phosphonium salts and crown ethers.
• the reaction temperature depends on the base used. For example, if butyl-lithium is used, the reaction is carried out at from 0° to -100° C., and if sodium amide is used, a temperature of from 50° to 150° C. is preferred.
• process b The reaction of a compound of the formula IV with a compound of the formula V to give a compound according to the invention is carried out in a manner similar to that for process (a).
• Suitable reactants of the formula IV are alkane derivatives with a leaving group, such as halides, sulfuric acid esters, tosylates, mesylates or triflates.
• any desired sequence of addition of the compounds III, V and VI can be chosen, and the intermediates do not have to be isolated.
• Reaction (d) is carried out by simply heating the reactant, preferably to 120°-180° C.
• a solvent can also be used, but is not necessary.
• reaction (e) a suitable leaving group Z is halogen, preferably chlorine or bromine.
• the alkylation (f) is effected with a dialkyl sulfate or alkyl halide in the presence of an acid acceptor, eg. triethylamine or potassium carbonate, advantageously in the presence of a solvent, such as toluene or a dipolar aprotic solvent, eg. dimethylformamide.
• an acid acceptor eg. triethylamine or potassium carbonate
• a solvent such as toluene or a dipolar aprotic solvent, eg. dimethylformamide.
• Methylation can also be carried out by the method of Leuckart-Wallach, using formaldehyde/formic acid.
• Suitable solvents include aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, halohydrocarbons, ethers, alcohols and lower fatty acids.
• the reaction temperatures are from 0° to 150° C., preferably from 20° to 70° C.
• Suitable reducing agents include hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst, eg. PtO 2 , Pd/C or a nickel or cobalt catalyst, nascent hydrogen obtained from a metal and an acid, complex metal hydrides (eg. NaBH 4 ) and hydride donors (eg. formic acid).
• a catalyst eg. PtO 2 , Pd/C or a nickel or cobalt catalyst
• nascent hydrogen obtained from a metal and an acid eg. NaBH 4
• hydride donors eg. formic acid
• the reduction is preferably carried out under atmospheric pressure.
• the compounds IV are obtained by reacting a phenylacetonitrile (VI) with a 1-phenyl- ⁇ -haloazaalkane (cf. III) in the presence of sodium amide in toluene.
• the compound VII can be prepared by reacting a 1-cyano-1-phenyl-alkane (II) with chloropropanol and then reacting the resulting alcohol with, for example, thionyl chloride.
• the compounds IX are obtained by reacting a phenylacetonitrile derivative VII with an alkylamine.
• the substances of the formula X are prepared, for example, by hydrolyzing a phenylacetonitrile VI to phenylacetic acid, reducing the latter and chlorinating the resulting alcohol, for example with thionyl chloride.
• the compounds XI are obtained by reacting a 1-cyano-1-phenyl-alkane (II) with a 1-phenyl- ⁇ -haloazaalkane (cf. III) in the presence of sodium amide in toluene.
• the compounds XIII are obtained by reacting a 1-cyano-1-phenyl-alkane (II) with an ⁇ -haloaldehyde diethyl acetal in the presence of sodium amide in toluene and then treating the resulting product with acid.
• Hydroxy-substituted ⁇ -cyano-1, ⁇ -diphenyl-azaalkane derivatives of the formula I can be obtained from the corresponding alkoxy derivatives by ether cleavage, which can be carried out using concentrated hydrobromic acid, a boron trihalide (chloride or bromide) or an alkali metal mercaptide in a dipolar aprotic solvent.
• the novel compounds are useful in treating serious functional disorders of the cardiovascular system as well as cardiomyopathies and angiopathies. They have a cardio-protective action in cases of hypoxic and ischemic heart disease, non-coronarogenic myocardial damage, tachycardia and arrhythmia. Because of the antihypertensive and antiaggregating components of their action, they can also be used for treating high blood pressure and circulatory disorders. They relax the smooth muscle, and can therefore be used, for example, for relaxing spasms of the vessels, the bronchi, the ureter and the gastrointestinal tract, as well as for tocolysis. Furthermore, they inhibit secretory processes, which play a part, for example, in ulcerogenesis (release of acid), as well as inhibiting allergic reactions. The novel compounds are very effective when administered orally, and have a long-lasting action.
• the substances were administered orally to male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) of the Okamoto strain (weight: 300-400 g).
• SHR spontaneously hypertensive rats
• the systolic blood pressure was determined non-operatively on the tails of the rats by piezo-crystal measurements before and 2, 6, 24 and, where relevant, 30 hours after administration.
• Verapamil was used as the comparative substance.
• the substances were administered orally to rats (Sprague-Dawley, weight: 200-250 g). 5 hours later, the animals were anesthetized with sodium thiobutabarbital (100 mg/kg i.p.). Aconitine was infused intravenously (dosage rate: 0.005 mg/kg.minute) as the arrhythmogenic substance 6 hours after administration of the drug. After 2.74 ⁇ 0.07 minutes, the ECGs of the untreated animal showed arrhythmias, the onset of which can be delayed dose-dependently by antiarrhythmic drugs.
• the relative lengthening of the aconitine infusion period ( ⁇ %) by a dosage of in each case 46.4 mg/kg of the test substances was determined.
• Verapamil was used as the comparative substance.
• a drastic depletion of energy-rich phosphates in the mycocardium of anesthetized rats was produced by standardized respiration with an oxygen-deficient mixture (2% of O 2 ).
• the creatine phosphate was determined, using the freezestopping technique (liquid nitrogen), in muscle samples from the apex of the heart by the method of Lamprecht et al., 1974 (Lamprecht, W., P. Stein, F. Heinz and H. Weisser: Creatine phosphate, in: Bergmeyer, H. U., Methoden der enzymatischen Analyse, Verlag Chemie, Weinheim, 2 (1974), 1825-1829).
• test substances were administered to the still conscious animals 6 hours before the oxygen-deficient respiration.
• the percentage difference between the creatine phosphate concentration in the myocardium of animals pretreated with the test substance and that of the untreated hypoxic control animals was determined.
• Verapamil was used as the comparative substance.
• the substances were administered orally to male Sprague-Dawley rats (200-250 g). 1 hour after administration, samples of blood were taken under ether anesthetic, and platelet-rich plasma was obtained by centrifugation (300 g, 10 minutes at 4° C.). The platelet aggregation was measured photometrically, with the addition of MgCl 2 and (end concentration of 10 mmoles/l) and Collagen Stago (end concentration of 0.02 mg/ml), in a Mark 3 Born Aggregometer. The maximum change in extinction/second was used as a measure of the aggregation.
• the dose which inhibits the collagen-induced platelet aggregation by 33% was taken as the ED 33%.
• Verapamil was used as the comparative substance.
• PCA passive cutaneous anaphylaxis
• Anesthetized male rats (100-140 g) were sensitized by intradermal injection (shaven dorsal skin) of 0.1 ml of an ovalbumin antiserum. After a sensitizing period of about 48 hours, they were treated with the test substances (oral administration). After various latency periods (2, 6, 12 and 24 hours), the experimental animals were injected intravenously with an antigen/Evans blue solution. The animals were sacrificed in each case 30 minutes after the injection, and the dorsal skin was removed and the circular blue stain on the inner surface measured.
• the antiallergic action was quoted as the relative inhibition ( ⁇ %) of the diameter of the colored spot.
• Verapamil was used as the comparative substance.
• the compounds according to the invention have the following actions:
• the antihypertensive action of the compounds according to the invention on SH rats is generally more pronounced than that of verapamil. There is also a significant increase in the period of action. In contrast to verapamil, which was ineffective at the sublethal dose of 100 mg/kg after 24 hours, the other substances (in particular those from Examples 3 and 20) still have an antihypertensive action at this point in time.
• the compounds according to the invention listed in Table 2 lengthen the aconitine infusion period by from 50% (Example 19) to 188% (Example 13).
• verapamil which has no significant effect on aconitine-induced arrhythmias in rats in a dose of 46.4 mg/kg.
• the compounds from Examples 3, 5 and 68 have a particularly powerful action. Under the same experimental conditions, verapamil provides no significant protective action up to the maximum tolerable oral dose of 40 mg/kg.
• the compound according to the invention On the model of passive cutaneous anaphylaxis in rats, the compound according to the invention (Example 3) has a long-lasting antiallergic action after oral administration (Table 5). Investigation of the period of action showed that the compound has a substantially more powerful action after latency periods of 12 and 24 hours than the comparison compound verapamil, and therefore has a comparatively longer period of action.
• novel compounds can be administered orally or parenterally in a conventional manner.
• the dosage depends on the age, condition and weight of the patient and on the route of administration.
• the daily dose of active compound is from about 0.1 to 10 mg/kg of body weight in the case of oral administration, and from 0.01 to 1.0 mg/kg of body weight in the case of parenteral administration.
• the daily doses administered are from 1 to 5 mg/kg orally or from 0.05 to 0.25 mg/kg parenterally.
• novel compounds may be employed in the conventional solid or liquid pharmaceutical forms, such as tablets, film tablets, capsules, powders, granules, dragees, suppositories, solutions or metered aerosols. These are prepared in a conventional manner, and for this purpose the active compounds can be mixed with the conventional pharmaceutical auxiliaries, such as tablet binders, fillers, preservatives, tablet disintegrating agents, flow control agents, plasticizers, wetting agents, dispersants, emulsifiers, solvents, retardants and/or antioxidants (cf. H. Sucker, P. Fuchs and P. Amsterdamr: Pharmazeutician Technologie, Thieme-Verlag, Stuttgart).
• the formulations thus obtained normally contain from 0.1 to 99% by weight of the active compound.
• Aqueous potassium carbonate solution was added to the cooled reaction solution and the amine liberated was extracted with an ether/hexane mixture and then removed therefrom with aqueous amidosulfonic acid.
• the amidosulfonate solution was extracted several times with ether to remove neutral constituents, and the base was liberated with potassium carbonate solution and extracted with ether.
• the ethereal solution was distilled and the oily residue was purified by salt formation and crystallization or by column chromatography (silica gel, ethyl acetate). The yields were about 85%.
• a mixture of 0.5 mole of ⁇ -dodecyl- ⁇ , ⁇ -methylaminobutyl)-phenyl-acetonitrile (prepared by reacting ⁇ -dodecyl-phenylacetonotrile and 4-methyl-formamido-1-chlorobutane in the presence of sodium hydride and then splitting off the formyl group by means of hydrochloric acid), 0.5 mole of phenylacetaldehyde, 2 g of 5% strength palladium-on-charcoal and 500 ml of toluene was subjected to catalytic reduction under atmospheric pressure at from 25° to 30° C. for 20 hours.
• the base was extracted with aqueous amidosulfonic acid solution, the acid solution was washed with ether and the base was liberated again with aqueous potassium carbonate solution and extracted with ether. The extract was dried with potassium carbonate and the ether was then distilled off. The resulting base was purified by column chromatography (silica gel, ethyl acetate).
• the levorotatory acid (-)-4-cyano-4-(3-methoxyphenyl)hexadecanecarboxylic acid was obtained in poor optical purity from the mother liquors of the 1st stage of Example 78. It was allowed to crystallize in brucine in 90% strength aqueous methanol, the brucine salt of the levorotatory acid being obtained, which was also recrystallized until a constant rotation value was obtained.
• Example 78 The further synthesis steps were carried out as described in Example 78.
• Aerosil® chemically pure silicic acid in submicroscopically fine division
• Coated tablets of the following composition were prepared in a conventional manner:
• the core composition consisted of 9 parts of corn starch, 3 parts of lactose and 1 part of Luviskol® VA 64 (60:40 vinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate copolymer, cf. Pharm. Ind. 1962, 586).
• the sugar-coating composition consisted of 5 parts of sucrose, 2 parts of corn starch, 2 parts of calcium carbonate and 1 part of talc. The coated tablets thus obtained were then provided with a further coating which was resistant to gastric juice.

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• 1981
  • 1981-11-06 DE DE19813144150 patent/DE3144150A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 1982
  • 1982-03-17 GR GR67618A patent/GR75531B/el unknown
  • 1982-03-23 CA CA000399115A patent/CA1184186A/en not_active Expired
  • 1982-03-30 US US06/363,501 patent/US4438131A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1982-03-31 EP EP82102699A patent/EP0064158B1/de not_active Expired
  • 1982-03-31 NO NO821085A patent/NO152129C/no unknown
  • 1982-03-31 DE DE8282102699T patent/DE3262516D1/de not_active Expired
  • 1982-04-06 CS CS827838A patent/CS238635B2/cs unknown
  • 1982-04-06 CS CS827837A patent/CS238634B2/cs unknown
  • 1982-04-06 CS CS827839A patent/CS238636B2/cs unknown
  • 1982-04-06 PH PH27104A patent/PH19739A/en unknown
  • 1982-04-06 CS CS822458A patent/CS238621B2/cs unknown
  • 1982-04-07 DK DK159882A patent/DK156513C/da not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1982-04-07 DD DD82238830A patent/DD201778A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1982-04-07 ES ES511260A patent/ES8307210A1/es not_active Expired
  • 1982-04-07 FI FI821252A patent/FI76550C/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1982-04-08 GB GB8210449A patent/GB2100252B/en not_active Expired
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  • 1982-04-09 HU HU821109A patent/HU186058B/hu not_active IP Right Cessation
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• 1983
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• 1984
  • 1984-11-05 SG SG785/84A patent/SG78584G/en unknown
• 1992
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