US3887721A - Metallic coating method - Google Patents

Metallic coating method Download PDF

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Publication number
US3887721A
US3887721A US316826A US31682672A US3887721A US 3887721 A US3887721 A US 3887721A US 316826 A US316826 A US 316826A US 31682672 A US31682672 A US 31682672A US 3887721 A US3887721 A US 3887721A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
strand
pot
coating
bath
metal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US316826A
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English (en)
Inventor
Roman A Schwieterman
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Armco Steel Co LP
Original Assignee
Armco Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Armco Inc filed Critical Armco Inc
Priority to US316826A priority Critical patent/US3887721A/en
Priority to CA186,666A priority patent/CA1028580A/en
Priority to ZA739073A priority patent/ZA739073B/xx
Priority to AU63077/73A priority patent/AU483101B2/en
Priority to NL7316571A priority patent/NL7316571A/xx
Priority to IN2683/CAL/73A priority patent/IN141188B/en
Priority to BR9666/73A priority patent/BR7309666D0/pt
Priority to IT54213/73A priority patent/IT1000281B/it
Priority to BE138820A priority patent/BE808583A/xx
Priority to GB5828273A priority patent/GB1448726A/en
Priority to FR7345349A priority patent/FR2211543B1/fr
Priority to SE7317147A priority patent/SE399076B/xx
Priority to DE2363222A priority patent/DE2363222C2/de
Priority to ES421643A priority patent/ES421643A1/es
Priority to JP14196273A priority patent/JPS5524499B2/ja
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3887721A publication Critical patent/US3887721A/en
Assigned to ARMCO STEEL COMPANY, L.P., A DE LIMITED PARTNERSHIP reassignment ARMCO STEEL COMPANY, L.P., A DE LIMITED PARTNERSHIP ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: ARMCO INC., A CORP. OF OHIO
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/34—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the material to be treated
    • C23C2/36—Elongated material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor

Definitions

  • ABSTRACT Method for applying a metallic coating to a ferrous base metal strand wherein the surface of the strand is first thoroughly cleaned to render it receptive to a molten coating metal. During the cleaning step, the strand may be heated to a temperature less than the melting point of the metallic coating metal.
  • a nonconductive coating pot is provided which has a primary coil within its side walls. Power is supplied to the primary coil which induces heavy secondary currents in the coating metal within the pot.
  • This current is converted into heat by resistance of the coating metal itself, thereby supplying a high quantity of heat directly in the coating metal.
  • the induced secondary current constantly stirs the molten coating metal so as to help provide a bright bath surface where the strand exits from the bath, and minimizes accumulation of oxides and dross.
  • the processes of the prior art all involve as a first step the thorough cleaning of the surface of the strand to be coated.
  • This cleaning operation may be carried out by successive oxidizing and reducing heat treatments as taught by Sendzimir, by chemical cleaning, or by various other processes.
  • the clean strand is then passed into a bath of molten coating metal, and withdrawn in a generally upwardly path of travel.
  • the molten coating metal adhering to the surface of the strand and drawn upwardly from the path is then finished by means of coating rolls, air knives, or the like, and the molten coating is subsequently solidified.
  • the molten coating metal bath is generally maintained in an externally heated iron pot.
  • Long experience with these coating metal pots has disclosed several disadvantages, particularly in the case of pots for molten aluminum.
  • the pot has a relatively short life. This short life is caused by several factors, including the rapid build-up of dross on the pot bottom, and creep or bulging of the walls caused by high temperature of the externally applied heat and the weight of the coating metal contained,
  • the quantity of heat which can be supplied externally is of course limited.
  • the prior art has found it necessary with coating pots of this type to heat the strip to a temperature in excess of the melting point of the coating metal prior to passing the strip into the bath. In other words, enough heat could not be supplied to the coating metal bath to maintain the coating metal molten and at the same time heat a relatively cool (cool with respect to the melting point of the coating metal) strand up to coating temperature.
  • one object of this invention is to provide a hot dip coating method wherein the base metal strand can enter the bath at a temperature below the melting point of the coating metal.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a hot dip coating method which can generate sufficient heat within the coating metal bath that additional coating metal may be melted directly in the pot.
  • Still another object of the invention is to provide a hot dip coating method which will greatly enhance coating pot life.
  • Still a further object of this invention is to provide a hot dip metallic coating method which permits very accurate control over the temperature throughout the molten coating metal bath.
  • Still a further object of the invention is the provision of a metallic coating method wherein the accumulation of dross and oxides in the bath are minimized.
  • a further object of this invention is to provide a coating method which maintains a bright, oxide and dross free bath surface at the point where the base strand exits the coating metal bath.
  • this invention relates to the hot dip coating of a ferrous base metal strand with one of the conventional metallic coating metals.
  • the process includes the steps of thoroughly cleaning the surface of the strand to render it receptive to a molten coating metal.
  • the cleaned strand is then passed into a bath of the molten coating metal.
  • the bath is maintained in a vessel or pot constructed of a non-conductive material having a primary coil within its side walls. Power will be applied to the primary coil which will induce secondary currents in the charge of coating metal in the pot. The secondary currents are converted to heat by the resistance of the charge itself.
  • the size of the pot and the induced secondary currents serve to continuously agitate the molten coating metal in the bath so as to prevent dross accumulation on the bottom of the pot, and help provide a bright bath surface where the coated strand exits from the bath.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a coating method according to this invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the coating pot utilized in the method of this invention.
  • FIG. 1 a complete coating process embodying the teachings of this invention has been illustrated schematically.
  • a coil of a suitable ferrous base metal strand is indicated at 10.
  • the continuous strip or sheet passes from the rolls 11 and 12 as indicated to enter the top of the first furnace section 14.
  • This first section of the furnace 14 may be of the direct fired, non-oxidizing type. That is, there is approxi mately a 5 percent excess of combustibles introduced into this section.
  • Furnace temperature may be on the order of 2300F., so that the base metal strand will be rapidly heated to a temperature on the order of at least 1 F. This is effective to almost instantaneously burn surface contaminants such as oil and the like from the surface of the strip.
  • the vertical configuration is desirable in that it eliminates the necessity for supporting rollers in the hot sections of the furnace.
  • the second section of the furnace indicated generally at 16 may be of the radiant heating type.
  • the temperature of the base strand will be raised to a temperature on the order of 1350F. to 1550F., reaching its maximum temperature at the point 18.
  • a reducing atmosphere will be supplied to this portion of the furnace, as well as to the succeeding portions of the furnace described below.
  • the third section of the furnace indicated generally at 20 is a tube cooling zone.
  • the final section of the furnace 22 may include means for jet cooling of the strand, in some cases to a temperature below the melting point of the coating metal being used.
  • the strip passes out of the furnace portion 22, over the turn down roll 24 and through the snout 26 into the bath of molten coating metal indicated generally at 28.
  • This bath is explained in more detail hereinafter and shown in FIG. 2.
  • the strip is withdrawn from the bath 28 in a generally vertical path of travel past the jet finishing knives indi cated generally at 30, and after allowing time for solidification, over the turning roll 32 and coiled for storage and shipment as at 34.
  • the furnace configuration is known per se.
  • the jet finishing techniques are known per se.
  • the primary aspect of the method of this invention centers about the bath of molten coating metal 28 which will be described hereinafter.
  • One very important advantage of the particular bath arrangement to be described is that the base metal strand may be cooled in the furnace portions 20, 22, and in the snout 26 to a temperature below the melting point of the coating metal.
  • the strip may be cooled to a temperature on the order of l200 prior to entering the molten metal bath.
  • the utilization of lower strip temperatures upon entering the bath has been found to reduce substantially the interface alloy formation; that is, the alloy formation at the interface between the base strand and the coating metal.
  • the reduction in thickness of alloy formation greatly improves adherence of the coating metal.
  • the molten metal bath of this invention will be described in more detail.
  • the molten metal bath is maintained in the pot indicated generally at 40.
  • the pot 40 will be referred to as a coreless induction coating.”
  • the coreless induction coating pot 40 will be filled with molten metal to the level 42.
  • the base metal strand to be coated passes through the snout 24, over the turn down roll 26, and into the molten metal bath. It will be observed that the lower end of the snout 24a is immersed in the bath of molten coating metal, so that the proper atmosphere (i.e. a reducing or non-oxidizing atmosphere) may be maintained at all times within the snout 24.
  • the proper atmosphere i.e. a reducing or non-oxidizing atmosphere
  • pot rolls 44 and 46 Suitably mounted for rotation with in the molten metal bath are the pot rolls 44 and 46, and the stabilizer roll 48. These aspects of the coating machinery are entirely conventional.
  • the coreless induction coating pot indicated generally at 40 includes an interior wall and bottom section of refractory material indicated at 50.
  • This interior structure may be formed in a variety of ways.
  • an exemplary pot in commercial use includes two layers of ceramic brick. These bricks are precision laid with thin joints between adjacent bricks. On the inside of the two layers of ceramic brick may be one or more layers of a ceramic feltmaterial. The innermost layer may be a layer of ceramic grout material on the order of one quarter inch thick.
  • a variety of materials may be used for the interior pot portions 50. It is important that whatever material is used be electrically non-conductive and that the material be chosen for compatability under high temperature with the molten coating metal.
  • the primary induction coil Surrounding the interior wall portion 50 will be the primary induction coil indicated generally at 52.
  • the primary coil may be constructed of water cooled copper tubing.
  • the coil 52 will be connected in any suitable manner to a source of power.
  • Cooling coils 53a and 5312 will preferably be provided above and below the primary coil 52. These coils are used and controlled to keep temperatures in the wall portion 50 evenly dispersed, and prevent cracking and spalling of the pot walls.
  • This structural framework may be of steel or the like, and will provide the strength necessary to retain the large quantity of molten metal within the pot.
  • the pot can be mounted on wheels 56 which in turn operate on the track 58.
  • a plurality of coating pots may be interchanged with the rest of the coating equipment.
  • pots containing different coating metals such as aluminum and zinc may be used interchangeably.
  • alternating current at a frequency of 60 cycles will be transmitted over watercooled cables to the primary coil 52 described earlier.
  • the power applied to this primary coil creates a magnetic flux which passes through the material within the pot.
  • the material in the pot acts as the secondary winding of a transformer having a single turn.
  • the high density, rapidly changing magnetic flux generated by the primary coil induces heavy secondary currents in the material in the pot. These heavy secondary currents are converted into heat by the electrical resistance of the material in the pot.
  • this stirring action apparently maintains oxide and dross in a suspension uniformly distributed throughout the coating pot. This of course substantially eliminates the build up of oxides and dross at the bottom of the pot.
  • Prior experience with aluminum would lead one to expect a significant and troublesome oxide build up on the pot wall in a band at mid coil elevation. Oxide build up has been insignificant probably because of complex current patterns caused by high diameter/- depth ratio and submerged pot equipment.
  • the coreless induction pot design just described has several very important additional advantages in a metallic coating operation. First of all, it will be apparent that the heat is generated within the pot itself. This permits very accurate temperature control of the molten material in the pot.
  • this permits the more rapid generation of heat in the pot.
  • This provides at least two important advantages. It will permit the melting of additional coating metal directly in the pot. That is, pigs of solid coating metal 62 may be transported by the conveyor or chute 64 directly into the coating pot. They will be maintained in a single location in the pot by the baffle plate 66. The deflector plate 68 will prevent molten metal from splashing directly out of the pot.
  • the rapid generation of heat within the coating pot is what in fact makes it possible for the strip to enter the pot at a temperature below melting point of the coating metal. Sufficient heat can be generated within the pot to raise the strip to coating temperature without causing coating metal to freeze on the surface of the strip at entry.
  • the coreless induction pot of this invention embodies what might be called a short coil design. That is, the ratio between the diameter of the pot and the depth of the pot is very different from previously known coreless induction furnaces.
  • the pot utilized has a bath diameter of ten feet and a depth of nine feet.
  • a hot dip metallic coating method including the steps of thoroughly cleaning the surface of a ferrous base metal strand to prepare said surface to be wet by the coating metal, passing said cleaned base metal strand into a bath of molten coating metal, withdrawing said strand from said bath in an upward path of travel whereby a quantity of said molten coating metal will be carried from said bath by said strand, finishing said molten metal adhering to said strand, and solidifying said molten coating; the improved steps of:
  • a hot dip metallic coating method including the steps of thoroughly cleaning the surface of a ferrous base metal strand to prepare said surface to be wet by the coating metal, passing said cleaned base metal strand into a bath of molten coating metal, withdrawing said strand from said bath in an upward path of travel whereby a quantity of said molten coating metal will be carried from said bath by said strand, finishing said molten metal adhering to said strand, and solidifying said molten coating; the improved steps of:

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)
US316826A 1972-12-20 1972-12-20 Metallic coating method Expired - Lifetime US3887721A (en)

Priority Applications (15)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US316826A US3887721A (en) 1972-12-20 1972-12-20 Metallic coating method
CA186,666A CA1028580A (en) 1972-12-20 1973-11-26 Metallic coating method
ZA739073A ZA739073B (en) 1972-12-20 1973-11-28 Metallic coating method
AU63077/73A AU483101B2 (en) 1972-12-20 1973-11-30 Method of metallic coating employing induction heating means
NL7316571A NL7316571A (xx) 1972-12-20 1973-12-04
BR9666/73A BR7309666D0 (pt) 1972-12-20 1973-12-10 Aperfeicoamento em processo de revestimento metalico por imersao a quente
IT54213/73A IT1000281B (it) 1972-12-20 1973-12-10 Procedimento per il rivestimento di materiale metallico a base per rosa con metallo
IN2683/CAL/73A IN141188B (xx) 1972-12-20 1973-12-10
BE138820A BE808583A (fr) 1972-12-20 1973-12-13 Procede de revetement metallique
GB5828273A GB1448726A (en) 1972-12-20 1973-12-17 Metallic coating method
FR7345349A FR2211543B1 (xx) 1972-12-20 1973-12-18
SE7317147A SE399076B (sv) 1972-12-20 1973-12-19 Sett vid varmbeleggning av metall
DE2363222A DE2363222C2 (de) 1972-12-20 1973-12-19 Verfahren zum Heißtauchmetallisieren eines Eisenmetallstranges
ES421643A ES421643A1 (es) 1972-12-20 1973-12-20 Procedimiento de revestimiento metalico por inmersion en caliente de una banda metalica.
JP14196273A JPS5524499B2 (xx) 1972-12-20 1973-12-20

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US316826A US3887721A (en) 1972-12-20 1972-12-20 Metallic coating method

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3887721A true US3887721A (en) 1975-06-03

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US316826A Expired - Lifetime US3887721A (en) 1972-12-20 1972-12-20 Metallic coating method

Country Status (14)

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US (1) US3887721A (xx)
JP (1) JPS5524499B2 (xx)
BE (1) BE808583A (xx)
BR (1) BR7309666D0 (xx)
CA (1) CA1028580A (xx)
DE (1) DE2363222C2 (xx)
ES (1) ES421643A1 (xx)
FR (1) FR2211543B1 (xx)
GB (1) GB1448726A (xx)
IN (1) IN141188B (xx)
IT (1) IT1000281B (xx)
NL (1) NL7316571A (xx)
SE (1) SE399076B (xx)
ZA (1) ZA739073B (xx)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5354970A (en) * 1992-06-30 1994-10-11 Inductotherm Corp Pot for batch coating of continuous metallic strip
US5872805A (en) * 1996-08-14 1999-02-16 Inductotherm Corp. Pot for coating continuous metallic strip
US5958518A (en) * 1998-01-29 1999-09-28 Sippola; Perti J. Method of producing hot-dip zinc coated steel sheet free of dross pick-up defects on coating and associated apparatus
US6770140B2 (en) * 1998-04-01 2004-08-03 Nkk Corporation Apparatus for hot dip galvanizing
US20110011750A1 (en) * 2009-06-21 2011-01-20 Jean Lovens Electric Induction Heating and Stirring of an Electrically Conductive Material in a Containment Vessel

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3114412C1 (de) * 1981-04-09 1989-03-16 Klöckner-Werke AG, 4100 Duisburg Anlage zum kontinuierlichen Behandeln von Feinblech
DE3428999C2 (de) * 1984-08-07 1986-08-14 Otto Junker Gmbh, 5107 Simmerath Heißtauchmetallisierungsvorrichtung und Heißtauchmetallisierungsverfahren

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2110893A (en) * 1935-07-16 1938-03-15 American Rolling Mill Co Process for coating metallic objects with layers of other metals
US2322618A (en) * 1942-03-25 1943-06-22 Mare Baltzar E L De Apparatus for converting high-phosphorus pig iron into high-grade low-phosphorus steel
US2643201A (en) * 1949-12-24 1953-06-23 Nat Res Corp Coating method and apparatus therefor
US2698810A (en) * 1950-08-25 1955-01-04 Nat Res Corp Coating process
US2824021A (en) * 1955-12-12 1958-02-18 Wheeling Steel Corp Method of coating metal with molten coating metal
US3203824A (en) * 1962-02-01 1965-08-31 Harry W Mcquaid Method and apparatus for cladding metal tubes
US3478156A (en) * 1966-12-21 1969-11-11 Ajax Magnethermic Corp Polyphase stirring of molten metal
US3508977A (en) * 1967-01-11 1970-04-28 Union Carbide Corp Process for producing metal borides on the surface of metals
US3666537A (en) * 1969-05-01 1972-05-30 Elwin A Andrews Method of continuously teeming and solidifying virgin fluid metals

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US2320129A (en) * 1939-06-23 1943-05-25 American Steel & Wire Co Metal coating
GB565105A (en) * 1943-04-16 1944-10-26 Albert Augustus Willoughby Wat Improvements in and relating to the galvanising of metal articles
DE937137C (de) * 1948-12-27 1955-12-29 Ajax Engineering Corp Vorrichtung zum schmelzfluessigen UEberziehen von Gegenstaenden aus Eisen oder Stahl mit Zink oder Aluminium
DE975180C (de) * 1949-01-27 1961-09-21 Otto Junker Fa Elektrischer Schmelzofen fuer kleinstueckigen Stahl oder kleinstueckiges Gusseisen
GB774230A (en) * 1955-02-09 1957-05-08 Marshall George Whitfield Apparatus for aluminium coating elongated metal bodies such as metal wire or strip
DE849503C (de) * 1949-07-16 1952-09-15 Siemens Ag Loet- und Schmelzgeraet
US2683099A (en) * 1950-10-31 1954-07-06 Gen Motors Corp Method and apparatus for metal coating tubing
DE1275843B (de) * 1954-02-24 1968-08-22 Wheeling Steel Corp Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung eines metallischen UEberzuges auf einem metallischen Material in Form eines Streifens, Drahtes od. dgl. durch Tauchen in ein Metallschmelzbad
FR1165504A (fr) * 1955-12-12 1958-10-27 Wheeling Steel Corp Procédé et appareil pour appliquer un revêtement sur du métal à l'aide d'un métal de revêtement en fusion
AT230106B (de) * 1958-04-12 1963-11-11 Junker Fa O Kernloser Induktionsofen für industriellen Vakuumbetrieb
US3010844A (en) * 1961-01-06 1961-11-28 Nat Steel Corp Galvanizing
DE1864571U (de) * 1962-09-03 1962-12-27 Kraft Industrieofendbau G M B Induktiv beheizter transportabler wannenofen zur verzinkung od. dgl.
US3484280A (en) * 1967-04-04 1969-12-16 Gen Electric Atmosphere control in dip-forming process

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2110893A (en) * 1935-07-16 1938-03-15 American Rolling Mill Co Process for coating metallic objects with layers of other metals
US2322618A (en) * 1942-03-25 1943-06-22 Mare Baltzar E L De Apparatus for converting high-phosphorus pig iron into high-grade low-phosphorus steel
US2643201A (en) * 1949-12-24 1953-06-23 Nat Res Corp Coating method and apparatus therefor
US2698810A (en) * 1950-08-25 1955-01-04 Nat Res Corp Coating process
US2824021A (en) * 1955-12-12 1958-02-18 Wheeling Steel Corp Method of coating metal with molten coating metal
US3203824A (en) * 1962-02-01 1965-08-31 Harry W Mcquaid Method and apparatus for cladding metal tubes
US3478156A (en) * 1966-12-21 1969-11-11 Ajax Magnethermic Corp Polyphase stirring of molten metal
US3508977A (en) * 1967-01-11 1970-04-28 Union Carbide Corp Process for producing metal borides on the surface of metals
US3666537A (en) * 1969-05-01 1972-05-30 Elwin A Andrews Method of continuously teeming and solidifying virgin fluid metals

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5354970A (en) * 1992-06-30 1994-10-11 Inductotherm Corp Pot for batch coating of continuous metallic strip
US5872805A (en) * 1996-08-14 1999-02-16 Inductotherm Corp. Pot for coating continuous metallic strip
US5958518A (en) * 1998-01-29 1999-09-28 Sippola; Perti J. Method of producing hot-dip zinc coated steel sheet free of dross pick-up defects on coating and associated apparatus
US6770140B2 (en) * 1998-04-01 2004-08-03 Nkk Corporation Apparatus for hot dip galvanizing
US20110011750A1 (en) * 2009-06-21 2011-01-20 Jean Lovens Electric Induction Heating and Stirring of an Electrically Conductive Material in a Containment Vessel
WO2011005466A3 (en) * 2009-06-21 2011-04-14 Inductotherm Corp. Electric induction heating and stirring of an electrically conductive material in a containment vessel
US8735783B2 (en) 2009-06-21 2014-05-27 Inductotherm Corp. Electric induction heating and stirring of an electrically conductive material in a containment vessel

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA1028580A (en) 1978-03-28
FR2211543B1 (xx) 1978-03-03
IN141188B (xx) 1977-01-29
ES421643A1 (es) 1976-03-16
FR2211543A1 (xx) 1974-07-19
DE2363222C2 (de) 1982-12-02
NL7316571A (xx) 1974-06-24
AU6307773A (en) 1975-06-05
SE399076B (sv) 1978-01-30
JPS4990637A (xx) 1974-08-29
IT1000281B (it) 1976-03-30
ZA739073B (en) 1974-10-30
BR7309666D0 (pt) 1974-08-29
GB1448726A (en) 1976-09-08
BE808583A (fr) 1974-03-29
DE2363222A1 (de) 1974-07-04
JPS5524499B2 (xx) 1980-06-30

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