US3134830A - Process for the production of shaped parts of plasticized polyethylene - Google Patents

Process for the production of shaped parts of plasticized polyethylene Download PDF

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Publication number
US3134830A
US3134830A US694088A US69408857A US3134830A US 3134830 A US3134830 A US 3134830A US 694088 A US694088 A US 694088A US 69408857 A US69408857 A US 69408857A US 3134830 A US3134830 A US 3134830A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
blanks
polyethylene
production
plasticized
compression
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US694088A
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English (en)
Inventor
Roelen Otto
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ruhrchemie AG
Original Assignee
Ruhrchemie AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ruhrchemie AG filed Critical Ruhrchemie AG
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US3134830A publication Critical patent/US3134830A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C43/00Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C43/02Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B29C43/14Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles in several steps
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29BPREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B11/00Making preforms
    • B29B11/06Making preforms by moulding the material
    • B29B11/12Compression moulding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C43/00Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C43/006Pressing and sintering powders, granules or fibres
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32BLAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2791/00Shaping characteristics in general
    • B29C2791/001Shaping in several steps
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2023/00Use of polyalkenes or derivatives thereof as moulding material
    • B29K2023/04Polymers of ethylene
    • B29K2023/06PE, i.e. polyethylene
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/25Solid
    • B29K2105/251Particles, powder or granules
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/25Solid
    • B29K2105/253Preform
    • B29K2105/255Blocks or tablets

Definitions

  • blanks having larger dimensions than those of the finished parts are first produced by mechanical pressure and preferably at room temperature. These blanks are subsequently converted into sintere'd and plasticized polyethylene by the simultaneous use of heat and of mechanical pressure.
  • slabs of 20 x 20 centimeters and 3 cm. thickness may first to be produced by cold-pressing. These slabs may be placed side by side into a die of 1 x 2 meters. If at least one additional compression is now applied while heating, one single sheet of 1 x 2 meters and 3 cm. thickness is obtained. Seams are no longer recognizable in the finished sheet. According to another embodiment of the process of the invention, heating of the individual slab is not effected in the second compression stage but previously as, for example, is an oven under a protective gas atmosphere.
  • the blanks obtained from the first stage consist of prisms having 6 surfaces positioned at right angles .with respect to one another, or of disks of circular or other form with par allel surfaces.
  • the prisms may be arranged side by side in one layer, or the prisms or disks may be placed one upon another. It is advantageous in many cases to place prisms side by side and in layers.
  • the process of the invention is also applicable to the production of shaped parts of plasticized polypropylene.
  • the process of the invention is primarily applicable to high molecular weight polyethylene, i.e., for example, polyethylenes having molecular weights in excess of 100,- 000 and preferably above 500,000.
  • Polyethylene of this type is known as high-density polyethylene and is produced by the polymerization of ethylene at pressures below about 100 kg./ sq. cm. and temperatures up to about 100 C. with the use of catalysts consisting of mixtures of organometallic compounds, especially aluminum alkyl compounds, with compounds of metals of the 4th to 6th subgroups of the periodic table, particularly with titanium compounds as, for example, titanium tetrachloride (see Angewandte Chemie, vol. 67, 541-547 (1955)).
  • Example 1 The polymerization of ethylene was effected in a glass vessel of about 5 liters capacity and equipped with an agitator, into which were filled 2 liters of a C -C hydrocarbon fraction obtained by carbon monoxide hydrogenation. This hydrocarbon fraction had been prepared by hydrogenation, eifected at 250 C., subsequent refining with sulfuric acid, and intensive drying. After flushing of the reaction vessel with ethylene gas and heating to about 50 C., the catalyst solution was added while agitating and passing ethylene through the vessel. The catalyst solution had been prepared by mixing together 100 cc. of the same C C fraction, 1.08 grams of diethyl aluminum monochloride and 0.42 gram of titanium tetrachlo ride, and vigorously shaking the mixture for about 30 minutes. Upon addition to the catalyst solution, the reaction temperature was adjusted to about C. Atmospheric pressure prevailed throughout the reaction as glass equipment cannot be subjected to elevated pressures.
  • the mixture was filtered and the filter residue was treated with times its quantity of 1% aqueous sodium hydroxyide solution in a stirring flask.
  • the mixture was then heated to the boiling point, thereby distilling oil the residue of the hydrocarbon fraction together with the water vapor.
  • the residue from the distillation was finally washed to free it from alkali and was then dried.
  • the polyethylene obtained had a molecular weight of 1,100,000, as determined viscosimetrically.
  • sheets of 100 x 80 cm. were produced by heating the blanks obtained by cold-pressing, in the first compression stage to 160 C. in an oven under a protective gas atmosphere; then the heated slabs were placed side by side into the preheated die of 100 X 80 cm. and compressed in a press which was not heated, or only slightly heated.
  • sheets having the same good properties were obtained.
  • Example 2 Polyethylene as prepared in Example 1, i.e. having a molecular weight of 1,100,000 as determined viscosimetrically, was used in this example, too. 38 kg. of this material, in a die of 50 cm. in width and 80 cm. in length, were cold-pressed at a specific pressure of 130 kg./ sq. cm. This resulted in blanks of 14.2 cm. in thickness.
  • the cold-pressed blanks were compressed into sheets in a heatable press for about 8 hours and at a temperature of 160 C.
  • the sheets, whfie hot, were subsequently placed one upon another and compressed for about minutes under a specific pressure of 18 kg./ sq. cm. with no additional supply of heat.
  • a block of polyethylene was obtained having a weight of 152 kg. and a size of 50 x 80 x 32 The block was completely homogeneous and showed no reduction in strength at the seams.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
US694088A 1956-11-05 1957-11-04 Process for the production of shaped parts of plasticized polyethylene Expired - Lifetime US3134830A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DER19942A DE1124225B (de) 1956-11-05 1956-11-05 Verfahren zur Herstellung von Formkoerpern aus plastifiziertem Polyaethylen

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US3134830A true US3134830A (en) 1964-05-26

Family

ID=7400555

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US694088A Expired - Lifetime US3134830A (en) 1956-11-05 1957-11-04 Process for the production of shaped parts of plasticized polyethylene

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US3134830A (de)
BE (1) BE561820A (de)
DE (1) DE1124225B (de)
FR (1) FR1186391A (de)
GB (1) GB853194A (de)
NL (1) NL100964C (de)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3208900A (en) * 1960-11-25 1965-09-28 Vasco Ind Corp Method of manufacturing decorated molded articles from finely divided thermoplastic materials
US3975481A (en) * 1972-12-01 1976-08-17 Allied Chemical Corporation Method for molding ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene molding powder
US4110391A (en) * 1976-07-31 1978-08-29 Ruhrchemie Aktiengesellschaft Process for the manufacture of molded articles from polyolefins with molecular weights of at least one million
US4164531A (en) * 1975-01-13 1979-08-14 Mitsui Petrochemical Industries, Ltd. Injection molding of ultra high molecular weight polyethylene
EP0179171A2 (de) * 1982-09-29 1986-04-30 The Dow Chemical Company Verfahren zum Herstellen von Vorformen zum Kaltformen thermoplastischer Gegenstände

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2428977A (en) * 1945-04-17 1947-10-14 Monsanto Chemicals Process for producing decorative articles
US2440190A (en) * 1944-03-01 1948-04-20 Du Pont Preparation of nonporous polytetrafluoroethylene articles
GB610562A (en) * 1946-03-07 1948-10-18 Ashdowns Ltd Improvements in or relating to methods of moulding solid articles in thermosetting moulding compounds
US2597704A (en) * 1949-08-22 1952-05-20 Cosom Ind Inc Process of making hollow bodies from fusible plastic materials
GB735162A (en) * 1952-09-30 1955-08-17 Degussa Process for the production of shaped bodies of polyethylene
US2736925A (en) * 1953-06-08 1956-03-06 Jerome S Heisler Method of forming hollow articles from polyethylene
US2800945A (en) * 1952-02-20 1957-07-30 Paul K Schilling Cup-shaped articles, and method and apparatus for making them
US2824090A (en) * 1955-12-27 1958-02-18 Eastman Kodak Co Polymerization of alpha-olefins with a catalyst mixture of an orthotitanate and an alkyl aluminum halide

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE245148C (de) *
DE1431C (de) * 1877-11-02 r. sarre, Kaiserl. Telegraphen - Direktionsrath /.. D., in Dresden, welcher durch notarielle Cession vom 1. April 1878 seine Rechte an den Königlichen Kommerzienrath G. stobwasser in Berlin übertragen hat Petroleumlampe mit Regulator
US1716379A (en) * 1924-12-30 1929-06-11 Leysieffer Gustav Method of manufacturing sheets, slabs or molded articles from celluloid or celluloid-like materials

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2440190A (en) * 1944-03-01 1948-04-20 Du Pont Preparation of nonporous polytetrafluoroethylene articles
US2428977A (en) * 1945-04-17 1947-10-14 Monsanto Chemicals Process for producing decorative articles
GB610562A (en) * 1946-03-07 1948-10-18 Ashdowns Ltd Improvements in or relating to methods of moulding solid articles in thermosetting moulding compounds
US2597704A (en) * 1949-08-22 1952-05-20 Cosom Ind Inc Process of making hollow bodies from fusible plastic materials
US2800945A (en) * 1952-02-20 1957-07-30 Paul K Schilling Cup-shaped articles, and method and apparatus for making them
GB735162A (en) * 1952-09-30 1955-08-17 Degussa Process for the production of shaped bodies of polyethylene
US2736925A (en) * 1953-06-08 1956-03-06 Jerome S Heisler Method of forming hollow articles from polyethylene
US2824090A (en) * 1955-12-27 1958-02-18 Eastman Kodak Co Polymerization of alpha-olefins with a catalyst mixture of an orthotitanate and an alkyl aluminum halide

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3208900A (en) * 1960-11-25 1965-09-28 Vasco Ind Corp Method of manufacturing decorated molded articles from finely divided thermoplastic materials
US3975481A (en) * 1972-12-01 1976-08-17 Allied Chemical Corporation Method for molding ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene molding powder
US4164531A (en) * 1975-01-13 1979-08-14 Mitsui Petrochemical Industries, Ltd. Injection molding of ultra high molecular weight polyethylene
US4110391A (en) * 1976-07-31 1978-08-29 Ruhrchemie Aktiengesellschaft Process for the manufacture of molded articles from polyolefins with molecular weights of at least one million
EP0179171A2 (de) * 1982-09-29 1986-04-30 The Dow Chemical Company Verfahren zum Herstellen von Vorformen zum Kaltformen thermoplastischer Gegenstände
EP0179171A3 (en) * 1982-09-29 1987-06-16 The Dow Chemical Company Improved method of forming blanks for the solid-phase forming of thermoplastic articles

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR1186391A (fr) 1959-08-21
NL100964C (de)
DE1124225B (de) 1962-02-22
GB853194A (en) 1960-11-02
BE561820A (de)

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