US20180112368A1 - Method for improving ground - Google Patents

Method for improving ground Download PDF

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Publication number
US20180112368A1
US20180112368A1 US15/516,185 US201515516185A US2018112368A1 US 20180112368 A1 US20180112368 A1 US 20180112368A1 US 201515516185 A US201515516185 A US 201515516185A US 2018112368 A1 US2018112368 A1 US 2018112368A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
cutting fluid
jet
ground
nozzles
injected
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Abandoned
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US15/516,185
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English (en)
Inventor
Ataru HANEDA
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Daisho Chemical R&d Inc
Sonic Foundation Pte Ltd
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Daisho Chemical R&d Inc
Sonic Foundation Pte Ltd
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Assigned to DAISHO CHEMICAL R&D INC. reassignment DAISHO CHEMICAL R&D INC. STATEMENT REGARDING PATENT APPLICATION OWNERSHIP Assignors: Haneda, Ataru
Assigned to DAISHO CHEMICAL R&D INC., SONIC FOUNDATION PTE LTD reassignment DAISHO CHEMICAL R&D INC. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: DAISHO CHEMICAL R&D INC.
Publication of US20180112368A1 publication Critical patent/US20180112368A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
    • E02D3/12—Consolidating by placing solidifying or pore-filling substances in the soil
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/34—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same
    • E02D5/46—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same making in situ by forcing bonding agents into gravel fillings or the soil
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/66—Mould-pipes or other moulds
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D2250/00—Production methods
    • E02D2250/003—Injection of material

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a technology of improving ground which forms an underground consolidated body by cutting a ground to be improved by injecting a cutting fluid thereto, feeding a solidification material, mixing a cut ground, the cutting fluid and the solidification material and agitating a mixture thereof.
  • Patent Document 1 One example of a method for improving ground in prior art (e.g. Patent Document 1) will be described hereinafter with reference to FIG. 8 .
  • a rod-shaped jet device 11 is inserted into a drilling hole HD drilled in a ground G to be improved.
  • the jet device 11 is provided with inject nozzles N for injecting a cutting fluid jet J to a side face in order to inject a jet flow of a cutting fluid (J: a cutting fluid jet) such as high-pressure water to an underground G.
  • a plurality of inject nozzles N are provided at a point symmetrical with respect to a central axis CL of the jet device 11 (e.g. two inject nozzles shown in FIG. 8 ), and positions in a vertical direction of a plurality of the inject nozzles N (positions in upward and downward directions in FIGS. 8 and 11 ) are the same.
  • the jet device 11 is provided with a flow passage for a cutting fluid (a pipe for a cutting fluid: not shown) inside thereof.
  • a cutting fluid is fed from a feed device provided above the ground (not shown) to the flow passage for a cutting fluid in the jet device 11 .
  • the cutting fluid is injected as a cutting fluid jet J from the inject nozzles N in an outward radial direction (in a horizontal direction).
  • the jet device 11 is slowly pulled up above the ground (in an upward direction in FIG. 8 ) by injecting the cutting fluid jet J underground and rotating the jet device 11 in e.g. an arrowed direction R. Accordingly, the ground G is cut by the cutting fluid jet J, and an in-situ soil and the cutting fluid are mixed to forma diameter-expanded cutting hole HC having an inner wall surface W.
  • a solidification material e.g. cement
  • a discharge port not shown
  • a solidification material flow passage not shown
  • the solidification material is mixed with a cut in-situ soil to form an underground consolidated body (not shown) by delivering the solidification material to said diameter-expanded cutting hole HC.
  • cases where the solidification material is injected in an outward radial direction like the cutting fluid jet J or together therewith are considered as an example.
  • FIG. 9 shows all flow lines of the cutting fluid jet J when the jet device 11 is pulled up by rotating the same a plurality of times on the same cross section in the ground G cut by the cutting fluid jet J.
  • all the flow lines of the cutting fluid jet J are expressed as a plurality of lines L extending parallel to each other at a predetermined interval of P/2 (P is a pitch defined as the amount of pulling up the jet device 11 while it is rotated one time).
  • P is a pitch defined as the amount of pulling up the jet device 11 while it is rotated one time.
  • the interval of flow lines of the cutting fluid jet J is 1 ⁇ 2 of the pitch P.
  • an in-situ soil (ground, bedrock, rock, etc.) found in a plurality of cutting fluid jets J extending parallel to each other at a predetermined interval (1 ⁇ 2 of pitch P) is cut by the jet J, the cut in-situ soil is mixed with a cut fluid and discharged above the ground as slime.
  • a clod M whose representative size is large (the biggest size out of a size in a longitudinal direction, a size in a lateral direction and a size in an elevational direction) is not cut and remains in a region between a plurality of jets J ejected parallel to each other.
  • Patent Document 1 JP-A-7-76821
  • the present invention was made in view of the above situation, and has an object to provide a method for improving ground capable of preventing a clod whose representative size is large from remaining in the ground.
  • the method for improving ground of the present invention comprises the steps of: cutting a ground by injecting a cutting fluid (e.g. high-pressure water or high-pressure air: including a case where a solidification material is injected) from jet devices ( 1 , 10 ); feeding a solidification material; mixing a cut ground (G), the cutting fluid and the solidification material; and agitating a mixture thereof to form an underground consolidated body, wherein a plurality of nozzles (N 1 , N 2 ) are located at an interval in a vertical direction in the jet devices ( 1 , 10 ), and when the cutting fluid is injected, a cutting fluid (a cutting fluid jet J 1 ) is injected from an upward nozzle (N 1 ) in a downward skewed direction, and a cutting fluid (a cutting fluid jet J 2 ) is injected from a downward nozzle (N 2 ) in an upward skewed direction.
  • a cutting fluid e.g. high-pressure water or high-pressure air: including a case where a
  • the method for improving ground according to the present invention preferably comprises a step of adjusting the angle of the nozzles (N 1 , N 2 ) (e: the inject angle of jets J 1 and J 2 ).
  • the method for improving ground of the present invention preferably comprises a step of adjusting the interval V between the nozzles (N 1 , N 2 ) in a vertical direction.
  • a partition forming material (jets J 1 , J 2 ) is injected from an upward direction of the jet device ( 10 ) as a cutting fluid, and a solidification material (jets J 3 , J 4 ) is injected from a downward direction of the jet device ( 10 ).
  • the method for improving ground of the present invention comprising the above steps can provide a construction in which a plurality of nozzles (N 1 , N 2 ) are located at an interval in a vertical direction, a cutting fluid (jet J 1 ) is injected from the upward nozzle (N 1 ) in a downward skewed direction and a cutting fluid (jet J 2 ) is injected from the downward nozzle (N 2 ) in an upward skewed direction.
  • the method for improving ground can provide a shape for flow lines of cutting fluids (jets J 1 , J 2 ) injected for a certain period of time on a plane at an optional position ( FIGS.
  • the clod (G) is thereafter cut by another cutting fluid jet (a jet J 1 or J 2 ).
  • a jet J 1 or J 2 another cutting fluid jet
  • the method for improving ground of the present invention prevents a clod (G) whose representative size is large from extending parallel to flow lines of the jet flow (the jets J) of the cutting fluid and remaining in the ground, and it is possible to prevent a region (a clod M) which is not cut by a cutting fluid jet (J) from becoming too large (i.e. prevent the representative size from becoming too large).
  • the maximum size of the clod (M) which is not cut to remain in the ground becomes smaller and readily passes a gap S (a circular space) between a jet device ( 1 ) and an inner wall surface of a drilling hole (HD). Specifically, this means that the maximum size of the clod (M) which is not cut to remain in the ground does not prevent slime from being discharged above the ground.
  • the method for improving ground of the present invention is constructed so as to make the angle of nozzles (N 1 , N 2 ) ( ⁇ : the inject angle of jets J 1 and J 2 ) is adjustable, it is possible to cut a construction ground (G) by using an efficient cutting diameter (D) according to the type of soil on the construction ground (G).
  • the interval (V) in a vertical direction between the nozzles (N 1 , N 2 ) is adjustable, it is possible to adjust a pitch (P) between flow lines of a jet flow (J) of a cutting fluid, and it is thus possible to adjust the maximum size of the clod (M) which is not cut by the jet flow (J) of the cutting fluid to remain in the ground according to the state of a construction site.
  • a partition forming material (jets J 1 , J 2 ) is injected from an upward nozzle of a jet device ( 10 ) as a cutting fluid, and a solidification material (jets J 3 , J 4 ) is injected from a downward nozzle of the jet device ( 10 ).
  • a layer of the partition forming material (a separation layer LD) obtained by mixing the partition forming material and a cut in-situ soil is formed upward
  • a layer of the solidification material (LC) obtained by mixing the partition forming material, the cut in-situ soil and the solidification material is formed downward.
  • the solidification material (jets J 3 and J 4 ) is injected from the downward nozzle of the jet device ( 10 ), a mixture of the in-situ soil (clay) and the partition forming material is favorably mixed with the solidification material, even if the viscosity of the in-situ soil (e.g. clay) is high.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the state in which a ground is cut by the first embodiment
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing an example of a structure for adjusting the inject angle of a nozzle in the first embodiment
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing an example different from a structure for adjusting the inject angle of a nozzle in the first embodiment shown in FIG. 3 ;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing one example of a structure for adjusting the interval of a nozzle in the first embodiment
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing an example different from a structure for adjusting the interval of a nozzle in the first embodiment shown in FIG. 5 ;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing a method for improving ground in prior art
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing the state in which a ground is cut by the method for improving ground in prior art
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing one example of a cut clod by the method for improving ground in prior art.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing a problem in the method for improving ground in prior art.
  • FIGS. 1 to 7 An embodiment of the present invention will be described hereinafter, with reference to drawings of FIGS. 1 to 7 .
  • a pair of nozzles N have a common position in a vertical direction (in upward and downward directions in FIGS. 8 and 11 ), and a cutting fluid (e.g. high-pressure water: a jet flow (a cutting fluid jet J) that can contain a solidification material) is injected in a horizontal direction.
  • a cutting fluid e.g. high-pressure water: a jet flow (a cutting fluid jet J) that can contain a solidification material
  • the positions of nozzles N 1 , N 2 in a vertical direction are different, and a cutting fluid jet J is injected in a skewed direction with respect to a horizontal direction.
  • a rod-shaped jet device 1 for injecting a jet flow J (a cutting fluid jet) of a cutting fluid e.g. high-pressure water
  • a jet flow J a cutting fluid jet
  • a cutting fluid e.g. high-pressure water
  • the jet device 1 is provided with nozzles N 1 and N 2 on a side face thereof, and cutting fluid jets J 1 , J 2 are injected from the nozzles N 1 and N 2 .
  • the jets J 1 and J 2 are collectively referred to as a jet J.
  • the nozzles N 1 and N 2 are disposed at an interval V in a vertical direction (in upward and downward directions in FIG. 1 ).
  • a symbol CL represents a central axis of a jet device 1 .
  • the cutting fluid jet J 1 is injected from the upward nozzle N 1 in a downward skewed direction relative to a horizontal direction, and a inject direction of the cutting fluid jet J 1 is downward inclined by an angle ⁇ with respect to a horizontal direction HO.
  • the horizontal direction HO is a direction vertically extending with respect to a central axis CL of the jet device 1 .
  • the cutting fluid jet J 2 is injected from the downward nozzle N 2 in an upward direction relative to the horizontal direction, and a inject direction of the cutting fluid jet J 2 is upward inclined by an angle ⁇ with respect to the horizontal direction HO.
  • a symbol D represents a cutting diameter of a region (a cutting hole HC) cut by jets J 1 and J 2 , and the cut diameter of the cutting hole HC (the distance between the central axis CL of the jet device 1 and an inner wall of the cutting hole HC) is D/2.
  • a cutting fluid is introduced from a feed device (not shown) provided above the ground to the jet device 1 , and flows through a flow passage for a cutting fluid (not shown) in the jet device 1 , and cutting fluid jets J 1 and J 2 are injected from the nozzles N 1 and N 2 in an outward radial direction (underground).
  • the jet device 1 injects the cutting fluid jets J 1 and J 2 to cut a ground G, and is rotated as shown in an arrowed direction R and pulled up toward a ground surface (upward in FIG. 1 : in an arrowed direction U).
  • the amount of pulling up the jet device 1 (the amount of moving jet device 1 in an arrowed U direction during one rotation) is represented by a symbol P.
  • the ground G is cut by the cutting fluid jets J 1 and J 2 to form the cutting hole HC.
  • a solidification material e.g. cement fluid
  • a discharge port not shown
  • a solidification material flow passage not shown
  • the solidification material is mixed with an in-situ cut soil and a cutting fluid (e.g. high-pressure water) and filled in the cutting hole HC and then solidified to form an underground consolidated body (not shown).
  • FIG. 1 slime generated when cutting the ground, as indicated by an arrowed direction AD, is discharged above the ground via a gap S (a circular space) between the jet device 1 and an inner wall surface of the drilling hole HD.
  • the nozzles N 1 , N 2 are located at an interval V in a vertical direction.
  • the cutting fluid jet J 1 is injected from the upward nozzle N 1 in a downward skewed direction
  • the cutting fluid jet J 2 is injected from the downward nozzle N 2 in an upward skewed direction.
  • the jet device 11 is rotated on a cross section (an optional identical cross section) a plurality of times and pulled up, all flow lines of the cutting fluid jets J 1 , J 2 are shown in FIG. 2 .
  • flow lines of the cutting fluid jets J 1 and J 2 shown in FIG. 2 provide a shape obtained when a plurality of straight lines by the cutting fluid jet J 1 (the same straight lines as the jet J 1 ) parallel to each other extending from upper left to lower right and a plurality of straight lines by the cutting fluid jet J 2 (the same straight lines as the jet J 2 ) parallel to each other extending from lower left to upper right intersect on the right side of the jet device 1 in FIG. 2 on a cross section (an optional identical cross section).
  • the cross section refers to a plane containing a central axis CL ( FIG. 1 ) of the jet device 1 in FIGS. 1 and 2 and extending in a radial direction and a vertical direction (upward and downward directions in FIG. 2 ), which is found in the entire circumference at 360° degrees with respect to the central axis CL of the jet device 1 .
  • the interval P (pitch) of a plurality of cutting fluid jets J 1 , J 1 injected from upper left to lower right, or the interval P (pitch) of a plurality of jets J 2 , J 2 injected from lower left to upper right on a plane on the right side of e.g. the jet device 1 in FIG. 2 refers to the amount of upward moving the jet device 1 during one rotation (the amount of pulling up the same), e.g. 2.5 cm in the embodiment shown in the drawings.
  • the interval in upward and downward directions of the most downward flow line of the cutting fluid jet J 1 and the most downward flow line of the cutting fluid jet J 2 is equal to the distance V between the nozzles N 1 and N 2 .
  • an in-situ soil found in flow lines of a plurality of the cutting fluid jets J 1 , J 2 extending parallel to each other at a predetermined interval (pitch P) is cut by the cutting fluid jet.
  • the soil may remain in the ground while a clod M found in the region ⁇ is not cut.
  • the largest clod which is not cut by the flow lines of a plurality of the cutting fluid jets J 1 , J 2 on the cross section to remain in the ground corresponds to a clod M found in a rhombic region ⁇ in FIG. 2 .
  • the clod M found in the region ⁇ in FIG. 2 has a smaller representative size than those of clods shown in FIGS. 10 and 11 .
  • the clod M found in the region ⁇ in FIG. 2 has a smaller representative size, the clod M can readily pass a circular space S ( FIG. 1 ) between the jet device 1 and the inner wall surface of the drilling hole HD together with slime.
  • a clod M found in the region ⁇ in FIG. 2 whose representative size is small does not prevent the slime from being discharged above the ground.
  • main factors for determining a cutting diameter D of the cutting hole HC include the injection pressure of the cutting fluid jet J and the injection flow of the cutting fluid jet J.
  • the number of cutting and the rotational speed of the jet device 1 also affect the cutting diameter D.
  • a clay ground has a cutting diameter D of 4 m or more, and a sand ground has a cutting diameter D of 5 m or more.
  • the angle ⁇ in the nozzles N 1 , N 2 (the inject angle of jets J 1 , J 2 ) is adjusted to adjust the injection pressure of said cutting fluid jet J and to determine the cutting diameter D.
  • the injection pressure of the cutting fluid jet J is a uniaxial compressive strength of soil in the construction ground G or more, for example, 300 bar or more.
  • the rotational speed of the jet device 1 is 5 rpm, and the number of cutting is 1 to 2. Specifically, each time the jet device 1 is rotated half to one time, the jet device 1 is pulled up (or stepped-up).
  • the cutting diameter D can be determined by adjusting the angle ⁇ in the nozzles N 1 , N 2 (the inject angle of jets J 1 , J 2 ).
  • the angle ⁇ in the nozzles N 1 , N 2 (the inject angle of jets J 1 , J 2 ) can preferably be adjusted.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 show a structure for adjusting the angle ⁇ in nozzles N 1 , N 2 (the inject angle of jets J 1 , J 2 ).
  • FIG. 3 shows that a nozzle N 1 is attached with respect to a central axis CL of a jet device 1 .
  • the jet device 1 includes a flow passage for a cutting fluid 1 A, and a cutting fluid flows through the flow passage for a cutting fluid 1 A.
  • the cutting fluid is fed from a feed device above the ground (not shown), pressurized by a pressure device (not shown) and fed in an arrowed direction AB in FIG. 3 to be injected from the nozzle N 1 and a nozzle N 2 in an arrowed direction AC.
  • a symbol 1 B represents a notch for providing a range of motion by adjusting the inject angle of the nozzle N 1 provided at the jet device 1 .
  • the structure for adjusting the inject angle shown in FIG. 3 is a structure for adjusting the inject angle of the nozzle N 1 , and includes a cover plate for adjusting a inject angle 2 and an insertion plate for adjusting a inject angle 3 .
  • the cover plate for adjusting a inject angle 2 is a tabular body extending in upward and downward directions placed attached to the jet device 1 (only a casing of a pipe-shaped jet device 1 is shown in FIG. 3 ).
  • An insertion portion 2 A is provided at the jet device 1 of the cover plate for adjusting the inject angle 2 (on the left side of FIG. 3 ), and the insertion portion 2 A is constructed so that the insertion plate for adjusting a inject angle 3 can be inserted.
  • the insertion portion 2 A forms an inner space of the cover plate for adjusting a inject angle 2
  • a bottom portion 2 B of the insertion portion 2 A is an outer surface (an outer wall surface) of the casing of the jet device 1 .
  • the size of the space formed by the insertion portion 2 A in an elevational direction gradually decreases from an inlet thereof (a lower end portion of the cover plate for adjusting a inject angle 2 ) in an upward direction in FIG. 4 .
  • the angle (insertion angle) formed by the bottom portion 2 B of the insertion portion 2 A (the outer surface of the casing of the jet device 1 ) and an upper surface portion 2 C of the insertion portion 2 A is represented by a symbol ⁇ 1 .
  • the cover plate for adjusting a inject angle 2 is pivotably supported with respect to a support shaft 2 D of the jet device 1 around an upper end portion thereof, and is always energized by an energizing device (e.g. a spring) (not shown) in an arrowed direction F or in a direction for pressing the cover plate for adjusting a inject angle 2 on the jet device 1 .
  • an energizing device e.g. a spring
  • the nozzle N 1 is fixed on said cover plate for adjusting a inject angle 2 to be integrally pivoted with the cover plate 2 .
  • the cover plate for adjusting a inject angle 2 is pivoted from an initial position (when the cover plate for adjusting a inject angle 2 is pressed on an outer wall surface of the jet device 1 : a position shown in FIG. 3 ) clockwise against said energizing force F, the nozzle N 1 is pivoted around the support shaft 2 D and pivoted in a direction for decreasing the inject angle ⁇ .
  • the insertion plate for adjusting a inject angle 3 is overall a triangle pole body, comprising a bottom portion 3 A which contacts with the outer wall surface of the jet device 1 and an upper surface portion 3 B which gradually increases the thickness from an end portion toward a backward side (from upper to lower directions in FIG. 3 ).
  • the angle of the end portion of the insertion plate for adjusting a inject angle 3 is represented by a symbol ⁇ 2 .
  • the relationship between the insertion angle ⁇ 1 of the insertion portion 2 A of the cover plate for adjusting a inject angle 2 and the end portion angle ⁇ 2 of the insertion plate for adjusting a inject angle 3 is expressed by an equation: angle ⁇ 1 ⁇ angle ⁇ 2 . Therefore, when the insertion plate for adjusting a inject angle 3 is inserted, the cover plate for adjusting a inject angle 2 and the nozzle N 1 will be pivoted clockwise.
  • the insertion plate for adjusting a inject angle 3 can be inserted into the insertion portion 2 A of the cover plate for adjusting a inject angle 2 (can be moved in an arrowed direction AE).
  • the inject angle ⁇ of the nozzle N 1 can be adjusted when the cover plate for adjusting the inject angle 2 and the nozzle N 1 are pivoted clockwise with respect to the support shaft 2 D against an energizing force F.
  • the cover plate for adjusting a inject angle 2 and the nozzle N 1 are pivoted clockwise to decrease the inject angle ⁇ .
  • the cover plate for adjusting a inject angle 2 and the nozzle N 1 are pivoted counterclockwise against the energizing force F to increase the inject angle ⁇ .
  • the inject angle ⁇ in the nozzle N 2 can be adjusted according to the same structure.
  • FIG. 4 shows a structure for adjusting the inject angle different from the one shown in FIG. 3 .
  • FIG. 4 the center of the nozzle N 1 in a inject direction is fixed on an output shaft 4 A of a known stepping motor 4 .
  • the output shaft 4 A of the stepping motor 4 is attached to the jet device (not shown).
  • An arrowed direction AC in FIG. 4 represents the inject direction of a cutting fluid jet J 1 .
  • the nozzle N 1 is pivoted by an optional central angle to adjust the inject angle ⁇ of the nozzle N 1 .
  • the structure for adjusting the inject angle ⁇ in FIG. 4 can be applied to the nozzle N 2 .
  • the largest representative size of the clod M which is not cut by a cutting fluid jet J and instead is peeled off from a construction ground G is affected by the size of a pitch (a pitch for stepping up the jet device) represented by a symbol P in FIG. 2 .
  • the pitch P is a parameter which varies according to the interval V in a vertical direction between the nozzles N 1 , N 2 . In other words, when the interval V in a vertical direction between the nozzles N 1 , N 2 is adjusted, the pitch P can be adjusted.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 illustrate a structure for adjusting the interval V in a vertical direction between the nozzles N 1 , N 2 .
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing an attaching portion of nozzles N 1 and N 2 of a jet device 1 viewed from a side face.
  • the jet device 1 is divided into halves at a predetermined position (at a predetermined position in a vertical direction) between the nozzles N 1 , N 2 , and a spacer 5 of a thickness T is placed between the jet devices 101 , 102 divided into halves.
  • an internal structure of the spacer 5 is the same as the jet devices 101 and 102 , and fluid passages in the jet devices 101 , 102 are connected by a fluid passage in the spacer 5 and connecting means (e.g. a swivel joint) (not shown).
  • the jet devices 101 , 102 and the spacer 5 serve as a jet device to inject or deliver a cutting fluid (and a solidification material).
  • the jet devices 101 , 102 and the spacer 5 are connected by a known technology (e.g. bonding, fastening means, etc.).
  • the interval V in a vertical direction between the nozzles N 1 , N 2 can be adjusted by placing the spacer 5 between the jet devices 101 and 102 .
  • the interval V in a vertical direction between the nozzles N 1 , N 2 is set at the minimum interval between the nozzles N 1 , N 2 (the interval in a vertical direction) when the spacer 5 is not placed between the jet devices 101 , 102 , for example, the interval in a vertical direction between the nozzles N 1 , N 2 , is “V+T” when the spacer 5 is placed between the jet devices 101 , 102 .
  • a plurality of spacers 5 having a different thickness T are prepared, and the range of the interval in a vertical direction between the nozzles N 1 , N 2 can be adjusted accordingly.
  • FIG. 6 shows a structure for adjusting the interval V in a vertical direction different from the one in FIG. 5 .
  • the interval V in a vertical direction is adjusted by using a known rack and a pinion gear structure.
  • a rotating shaft 7 A of a pinion gear 7 is attached to a jet device (not shown) to mesh with a rack 6 .
  • the rack 6 is fixed to the nozzle N 1 to extend parallel to a central axis of the jet device 1 ( FIG. 1 ).
  • the pinion gear 7 By subjecting the pinion gear 7 to positive rotation or negative rotation to move the rack 6 upward and downward, the nozzle N 1 will move upward and downward. Accordingly, the interval in a vertical direction between the nozzles N 1 , N 2 can be adjusted.
  • an arrowed direction AC represents a direction of a cutting fluid jet J 1 .
  • only the nozzle N 2 can be fixed to a rack 6 to move upward and downward. Further, when the nozzles N 1 , N 2 are fixed to another rack, respectively, and the pinion gear 7 is rotated, the nozzles N 1 , N 2 will move in a direction opposite to upward and downward directions to adjust the interval V in a vertical direction between the nozzles N 1 , N 2 .
  • the nozzles N 1 , N 2 of the jet device 1 are located at an interval in a vertical direction, the cutting fluid jet J 1 is injected from the upward nozzle N 1 in a downward skewed direction, and the cutting fluid jet J 2 is injected from the downward nozzle N 2 in an upward skewed direction. Accordingly, if flow lines of the cutting fluid jets J 1 and J 2 are in a region on the right side of the jet device 1 in FIG. 2 on an optional position plane, they provide a plurality of straight lines parallel to each other extending from upper left to lower right and a plurality of straight lines parallel to each other extending from lower left to upper right.
  • a region which is not cut by a cutting fluid jet never extends parallel to flow lines of the cutting fluid jet, and flow lines of another cutting fluid jet assuredly intersects the region which is not cut thereby.
  • the largest clod M which is not cut by the cutting fluid jet to remain in the ground has a smaller representative size than the large clods M shown in FIGS. 10 and 11 , and readily passes a circular space ( FIGS. 1 and 11 ) between the jet device 1 and an inner wall surface of a drilling hole HD. As a result, discharge of slime above the ground is not prevented.
  • the cutting diameter D can efficiently be adjusted according to the type of soil in a construction ground G.
  • the pitch P of jet flow lines shown in FIG. 2 can be adjusted. Therefore, according to the condition of a construction site, the largest representative size of the clod M which is not cut by a jet to remain in the ground can be adjusted.
  • jets J 1 , J 2 are injected from an upward nozzle N 1 of a jet device 10 .
  • the jet J 1 is injected from the nozzle N 1 in a downward skewed direction relative to a horizontal direction
  • the jet J 2 is injected from the nozzle N 2 in an upward skewed direction relative to the horizontal direction.
  • FIG. 7 does not clearly show, as for the jets J 1 , J 2 , a radial direction inward (central) portion of a cross section thereof is a jet flow of a partition forming material, and its circumference is surrounded by a jet flow of a high-pressure air.
  • the second embodiment can be implemented.
  • the partition forming material is a solution containing 5% by weight of a thickener (e.g. guar gum as a natural water-soluble polymer material) and 5% by weight of sodium silicate (water glass).
  • a thickener e.g. guar gum as a natural water-soluble polymer material
  • sodium silicate water glass
  • jets J 3 , J 4 injected from downward nozzles N 3 , N 4 are jet flows of a solidification material.
  • a solidification material is mixed with a mixture of the partition forming material and the cut in-situ soil.
  • a mixture of the in-situ soil (clay) and the partition forming material passes a circular space S between the jet device 10 and an inner wall surface of a drilling hole HD as shown in an arrowed direction AD as slime to be discharged above the ground. Nevertheless, since the mixture of the in-situ soil (clay) and the partition forming material contains no solidification material, it is not necessary for the mixture to be treated as an industrial waste, thereby no deterioration of working conditions.
  • a separation layer LD is formed in an upward region of a space IJ cut by the jets J 1 , J 2 (a space filled with the in-situ soil and the partition forming material).
  • the separation layer LD serves as a divider so that the solidification material injected from the nozzles N 3 , N 4 does not flow into a circular space S between the jet device 10 and the inner wall surface of the drilling hole HD.
  • a layer LC of a rich-mixed solidification material (having a low W/C, the ratio of water to a solidification material) is formed in a downward region of the space IJ.
  • the downward jets J 3 , J 4 collide with a cut wall W (an inner wall surface of a diameter-expanded cutting hole cut by the jets J 1 , J 2 ). Then, if they are rolled up as shown in an arrowed direction AN, a solidification material might be mixed with the separation layer LD (comprising a mixture of the partition forming material and the cut soil). When the solidification material is mixed with the separation layer LD, the solidification material might be discharged above the ground as slime.
  • the downward jets J 3 , J 4 In order to prevent from the solidification material from being discharged above the ground, it is necessary for the downward jets J 3 , J 4 to roll down downward as shown in an arrowed direction AG when they collide with the cut wall W. Thus, as shown in FIG. 7 , the downward jets J 3 , J 4 face downward by an angle ⁇ with respect to a horizontal direction HO.
  • the size of the layer LC of the solidification material in a vertical direction becomes larger (thicker), and the separation layer LD (the layer of the partition forming material) always moves in an upward direction of the layer LC of the solidification material.
  • a separation layer LD composed of a partition forming material
  • a mixture of the partition forming material and soil is discharged above the ground as slime (a mixture of the partition forming material and the cut soil).
  • slime a mixture of the partition forming material and the cut soil.
  • a rich-mixed solidification material in the layer LC of the solidification material is hardly discharged above the ground. Since the solidification material is not discharged above the ground, waste of the solidification material is reduced, and the amount of slime to be treated as an industrial waste in a dedicated plant is reduced.
  • the solidification material is injected by the jets J 3 , J 4 from the downward nozzles N 3 , N 4 of the jet device 10 , and the jet device 10 is pulled up by rotating the same. Consequently, even if the viscosity of an in-situ soil (e.g. clay) is high, a mixture of the in-situ soil (clay) and the partition forming material is favorably mixed with the solidification material.
  • an in-situ soil e.g. clay
  • nozzles are provided, but if nozzles are symmetrically disposed about a point with respect to a central axis CL of a jet device, 3 or more nozzles can be provided.
  • a solidification material is delivered from a discharge port provided in a downward direction of the jet device and delivered to a mixture of a cut in-situ soil and a cut fluid.
  • the solidification material may be injected in an outward radial direction.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
US15/516,185 2014-10-03 2015-05-27 Method for improving ground Abandoned US20180112368A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2014-204546 2014-10-03
JP2014204546A JP2016075040A (ja) 2014-10-03 2014-10-03 地盤改良工法
PCT/JP2015/065176 WO2016051858A1 (ja) 2014-10-03 2015-05-27 地盤改良工法

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US20180112368A1 true US20180112368A1 (en) 2018-04-26

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EP (1) EP3202982B1 (de)
JP (1) JP2016075040A (de)
AU (1) AU2015326129B2 (de)
CA (1) CA2963217C (de)
SG (1) SG11201702724XA (de)
WO (1) WO2016051858A1 (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2020076276A (ja) * 2018-11-09 2020-05-21 株式会社不動テトラ 固化処理杭造成工法
CN114247331A (zh) * 2022-01-19 2022-03-29 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 一种顶板水平井末端双料混合装置、系统及随充凝固方法
KR20220064542A (ko) * 2020-11-12 2022-05-19 덴버코리아이엔씨(주) 고압분사 그라우팅 지반개량 시스템

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CN111074878B (zh) * 2019-12-11 2021-08-13 江苏科技大学 一种淤长型滩涂地基加固装置及其施工方法

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH079087B2 (ja) * 1989-01-10 1995-02-01 株式会社エヌ、アイ、ティ 地盤硬化剤噴射注入装置
JP2673872B2 (ja) * 1993-09-07 1997-11-05 鹿島建設株式会社 地盤改良工法
JPH07109726A (ja) * 1993-10-14 1995-04-25 Chem Grouting Co Ltd テレスコピックパイプを用いた柱状固結体造成における固結体外径の調整方法及びその装置
JPH10204875A (ja) * 1997-01-28 1998-08-04 Chem Grouting Co Ltd 地中固結体の仕上がり径の制御方法及び装置
JP3694849B2 (ja) * 1998-07-28 2005-09-14 東洋建設株式会社 高圧噴射攪拌工法
JP2001115442A (ja) * 1999-10-14 2001-04-24 Chem Grouting Co Ltd 地盤改良工法
JP2013036213A (ja) * 2011-08-07 2013-02-21 Hiroko Matsumoto 地盤分割改良方法

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2020076276A (ja) * 2018-11-09 2020-05-21 株式会社不動テトラ 固化処理杭造成工法
JP2023080264A (ja) * 2018-11-09 2023-06-08 株式会社不動テトラ 固化処理杭造成工法
JP7418638B2 (ja) 2018-11-09 2024-01-19 株式会社不動テトラ 固化処理杭造成工法
KR20220064542A (ko) * 2020-11-12 2022-05-19 덴버코리아이엔씨(주) 고압분사 그라우팅 지반개량 시스템
KR102437016B1 (ko) * 2020-11-12 2022-08-26 덴버코리아이엔씨(주) 고압분사 그라우팅 지반개량 시스템
CN114247331A (zh) * 2022-01-19 2022-03-29 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 一种顶板水平井末端双料混合装置、系统及随充凝固方法

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JP2016075040A (ja) 2016-05-12
WO2016051858A1 (ja) 2016-04-07
CA2963217A1 (en) 2016-04-07
SG11201702724XA (en) 2017-06-29
EP3202982A4 (de) 2018-05-30
EP3202982A1 (de) 2017-08-09
CA2963217C (en) 2022-09-27
AU2015326129B2 (en) 2019-12-05
AU2015326129A1 (en) 2017-04-27

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