US20160236321A1 - Truing method and truing device - Google Patents

Truing method and truing device Download PDF

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Publication number
US20160236321A1
US20160236321A1 US15/029,931 US201415029931A US2016236321A1 US 20160236321 A1 US20160236321 A1 US 20160236321A1 US 201415029931 A US201415029931 A US 201415029931A US 2016236321 A1 US2016236321 A1 US 2016236321A1
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
grindstone
arcuate
truer
end surface
arcuate surface
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US15/029,931
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English (en)
Inventor
Akira Watanabe
Masahiro Ido
Yoshihiro Mizutani
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JTEKT Corp
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JTEKT Corp
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Assigned to JTEKT CORPORATION reassignment JTEKT CORPORATION ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: IDO, MASAHIRO, MIZUTANI, YOSHIHIRO, WATANABE, AKIRA
Publication of US20160236321A1 publication Critical patent/US20160236321A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B53/00—Devices or means for dressing or conditioning abrasive surfaces
    • B24B53/06—Devices or means for dressing or conditioning abrasive surfaces of profiled abrasive wheels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B5/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor
    • B24B5/36—Single-purpose machines or devices
    • B24B5/42—Single-purpose machines or devices for grinding crankshafts or crankpins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B53/00—Devices or means for dressing or conditioning abrasive surfaces
    • B24B53/003—Devices or means for dressing or conditioning abrasive surfaces using at least two conditioning tools
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B53/00—Devices or means for dressing or conditioning abrasive surfaces
    • B24B53/06—Devices or means for dressing or conditioning abrasive surfaces of profiled abrasive wheels
    • B24B53/062—Devices or means for dressing or conditioning abrasive surfaces of profiled abrasive wheels using rotary dressing tools

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of truing a cylindrical grindstone which is used in a grinding machine or the like, and also to a truing apparatus for realizing the truing method.
  • a cylindrical grindstone which is used in a grinding machine or the like is subjected to truing for the purposes of elimination of runout of the grinding surface, coincidence with the shape of the article to be processed, and the like.
  • the shape of the grindstone is adjusted by using a truer provided with a diamond roll or the like which is higher in hardness than the grindstone.
  • truing a work of adjusting the shape of a grindstone
  • dressing that of exposing or fracturing abrasive grains of a grindstone to resharpen a grindstone
  • truing both a work of adjusting the shape of a grindstone, and a work of adjusting the shape of a grindstone and exposing or fracturing abrasive grains of the grindstone are called truing.
  • Patent Reference 1 describes a truing apparatus in which truing is performed by relatively moving a truer that is rotated about a truer rotation axis parallel to a grindstone rotation axis of a cylindrical grindstone, along the outer circumferential surface of the grindstone, and grindstone arcuate surfaces that are on the both sides of the outer circumferential surface of the grindstone.
  • a truer 170 having a roll 170 D which is rotated about a truer rotation axis TJ 1 parallel to a grindstone rotation axis XJ is used, and the truer 170 is moved relative to a grindstone 151 in a state where the truer rotation axis TJ 1 is maintained parallel to the grindstone rotation axis XJ.
  • one outer circumference arcuate surface 151 VR is trued from a position PDR on one grindstone arcuate surface 151 ER of the grindstone 151 and in the vicinity of one grindstone end surface 151 TR, toward a grindstone outer circumferential surface 151 G, the grindstone outer circumferential surface 151 G is then trued toward the other grindstone arcuate surface 151 EL, and the other outer circumference arcuate surface 151 VL is then trued.
  • the truer 170 After the truer 170 reaches a position PDL on the other grindstone arcuate surface 151 EL and in the vicinity of the other grindstone end surface 151 TL, the truer 170 is separated from the grindstone 151 .
  • Patent Reference 1 JP-A-H03-277468
  • Patent Reference 1 cannot process an article to be processed in which requires the accuracies of the grindstone end surfaces 151 TR, 151 TL shown in FIG. 9 , and the end surface arcuate surfaces 151 UR, 151 UL) in the vicinity of the grindstone end surfaces.
  • the invention has been conducted in view of this. It is an object of the invention to provide a grindstone truing method for adequately processing an article to be processed which requires the accuracies of grindstone end surfaces, and those of grindstone arcuate surfaces in the vicinity of the grindstone end surfaces, and to provide a truing apparatus.
  • the truing method and apparatus of the invention employ the following means.
  • one aspect of the invention is a truing method which performs truing by using: first and second truers which trues a cylindrical grindstone that is rotated about a grindstone rotation axis to grind a workpiece; a moving unit which is configured to change a relative position between the first truer and the grindstone, and a relative position between the second truer and the grindstone; and a controlling unit which is configured to control the moving unit, wherein the first truer has a first roll which is rotated about a first truer rotation axis that is parallel to the grindstone rotation axis, the second truer has a second roll which is rotated about a second truer rotation axis that is perpendicular to the grindstone rotation axis, the grindstone has: a grindstone outer circumferential surface which is a surface that is parallel to the grindstone rotation axis; grindstone end surfaces which are surfaces that are perpendicular to the grindstone rotation axis; and grindstone arcuate surfaces which are surfaces in boundaries between the grindstone outer
  • truing is performed by using two truers, i.e., the first truer having the first roll which is rotated about the first truer rotation axis that is parallel to the grindstone rotation axis, and the second truer having the second roll which is rotated about the second truer rotation axis that is perpendicular to the grindstone rotation axis.
  • the grindstone arcuate surfaces are divided into the outer circumference arcuate surfaces which are on the side close to the grindstone outer circumferential surface, and the end surface arcuate surfaces which are on the sides close to the grindstone end surfaces, the grindstone outer circumferential surface and the outer circumference arcuate surfaces are trued by the first truer, and the grindstone end surfaces and the end surface arcuate surfaces are trued by the second truer.
  • the grindstone outer circumferential surface, the grindstone end surfaces, and the grindstone arcuate surfaces can be adequately trued without causing the grindstone and the first truer, and the grindstone and the second truer to interfere with each other. Therefore, it is possible to adequately process an article to be processed which requires the accuracies of grindstone end surfaces, and those of the grindstone arcuate surfaces in the vicinity of the grindstone end surfaces.
  • one of the outer circumference arcuate surfaces is trued from a position remotest from the grindstone outer circumferential surface in the one outer circumference arcuate surface, toward a position closest to the grindstone outer circumferential surface in the one outer circumference arcuate surface
  • the grindstone outer circumferential surface is then trued from a position closest to the one outer circumference arcuate surface in the grindstone outer circumferential surface, toward a position closest to the other outer circumference arcuate surface in the grindstone outer circumferential surface
  • the other outer circumference arcuate surface is then trued from a position closest to the grindstone outer circumferential surface in the other outer circumference arcuate surface, toward a position remotest from the grindstone outer circumferential surface in the other outer circumference arcuate surface.
  • one of the end surface arcuate surfaces is trued from a position remotest from one of the grindstone end surfaces in the one end surface arcuate surface, toward a position closest to the one grindstone end surface in the one end surface arcuate surface, and the one grindstone end surface is then trued from a position closest to the one end surface arcuate surface in the one grindstone end surface, toward a position remotest from the one end surface arcuate surface in the one grindstone end surface, and the other end surface arcuate surface is trued from a position remotest from the other grindstone end surface in the other end surface arcuate surface, toward a position closest to the other grindstone end surface in the other end surface arcuate surface, and the other grindstone end surface is then turned from a position closest to the other end surface arcuate surface in the other grindstone end surface, toward a position remotest from the other end surface arcuate surface in the other grindstone end surface.
  • truing is performed by using the first truer in the sequence of the one outer circumference arcuate surface, the grindstone outer circumferential surface, and the other outer circumference arcuate surface, and truing is performed by using the second truer in the sequence of the one end surface arcuate surface and the one grindstone end surface, and in the sequence of the other end surface arcuate surface and the other grindstone end surface.
  • all the surfaces which are to be trued i.e., the grindstone outer circumferential surface, the one grindstone end surface, the other grindstone end surface, the one outer circumference arcuate surface, the other outer circumference arcuate surface, the one end surface arcuate surface, and the other end surface arcuate surface can be trued in an adequate direction and in a shorter period of time.
  • the first truer is relatively moved from a side of the one end surface arcuate surface so as to be moved along a first virtual arc which is a virtual arc having a convex direction that is opposite to a convex direction of the grindstone arcuate surface, the first virtual arc being in contact with the grindstone arcuate surface at a boundary position between the one outer circumference arcuate surface and the one end surface arcuate surface, the first virtual arc having a first diameter.
  • the second truer when the second truer is made relatively close to the grindstone toward the position remotest from the grindstone end surface in the one end surface arcuate surface, the second truer is relatively moved from a side of the one outer circumference arcuate surface so as to be moved along a second virtual arc which is a virtual arc having a convex direction that is opposite to the convex direction of the grindstone arcuate surface, the second virtual arc being in contact with the grindstone arcuate surface at the boundary position between the one outer circumference arcuate surface and the one end surface arcuate surface, the second virtual arc having a second diameter.
  • the second truer when the second truer is made relatively close to the grindstone toward the position remotest from the grindstone end surface in the other end surface arcuate surface, the second truer is relatively moved from a side of the other outer circumference arcuate surface so as to be moved along a third virtual arc which is a virtual arc having a convex direction that is opposite to the convex direction of the grindstone arcuate surface, the third virtual arc being in contact with the grindstone arcuate surface at a boundary position between the other outer circumference arcuate surface and the other end surface arcuate surface, the third virtual arc having a third diameter.
  • the first truer when truing of the one outer circumference arcuate surface is started by the first truer, the first truer is relatively moved so as to be moved along the first virtual arc; when truing of the one end surface arcuate surface is started by the second truer, the second truer is relatively moved so as to be moved along the second virtual arc; and, when truing of the other end surface arcuate surface is started by the second truer, the second truer is relatively moved so as to be moved along the third virtual arc.
  • the boundary positions functioning as a place connecting a place trued by the first truer with that trued by the second truer, and between the one outer circumference arcuate surface and the one end surface arcuate surface, and between the other outer circumference arcuate surface and the other end surface arcuate surface can be trued more smoothly and more uniformly.
  • the boundary position which is between the outer circumference arcuate surface and the end surface arcuate surface in the grindstone arcuate surface is a position where a first virtual line that passes through a center of an arc of the grindstone arcuate surface before truing, and that has an angle of 45 degrees with respect to the grindstone rotation axis, intersects with the grindstone arcuate surface.
  • the boundary position between the outer circumference arcuate surface and the end surface arcuate surface can be set to an adequate position.
  • the truing amounts (amounts in the arcuate direction) of the arcuate portions (grindstone arcuate surfaces) of the first truer and the second truer are the same, and therefore excellent accuracies of the arcuate portions of the grindstone (grindstone arcuate surfaces) can be attained.
  • the boundary position which is between the outer circumference arcuate surface and the end surface arcuate surface in the grindstone arcuate surface is a position where, in a case where a depth by which the grindstone outer circumferential surface is to be trued is indicated as ⁇ D, and a depth by which the grindstone end surface is to be trued is indicated as ⁇ W, a second virtual line intersects with the grindstone arcuate surface, the second virtual line that passes through a center of an arc of the grindstone arcuate surface before truing, and a center of the arc after truing which is a position that is further separated by ⁇ W in a direction separating from the grindstone end surface from a position that is moved from the center of the arc before truing by ⁇ D in a direction separating from the grindstone outer circumferential surface.
  • the boundary position between the outer circumference arcuate surface and the end surface arcuate surface can be set to an adequate position corresponding to the machining allowance due to truing.
  • the truing amounts (amounts in the arcuate direction) of the arcuate portions (grindstone arcuate surfaces) of the first truer and the second truer are set to values respectively corresponding to the truing depths of the first truer and the second truer, excellent accuracies of the arcuate portions of the grindstone (grindstone arcuate surfaces) can be attained.
  • An aspect of the invention is a truing apparatus comprising: a first truer which is disposed for truing a cylindrical grindstone that is rotated about a grindstone rotation axis to grind a workpiece, and which has a first roll which is rotated about a first truer rotation axis that is parallel to the grindstone rotation axis; a second truer which is disposed for truing the grindstone, and which has a second roll which is rotated about a second truer rotation axis that is perpendicular to the grindstone rotation axis; a moving unit which is configured to change a relative position between the first truer and the grindstone, and a relative position between the second truer and the grindstone; and a controlling unit which is configured to control the moving unit, wherein, by using the moving unit and the controlling unit, based on the above-described truing method, the truing apparatus trues the grindstone outer circumferential surface, the grindstone end surfaces, and the grindstone arcuate surfaces of the grindstone.
  • FIG. 1(A) is a plan view illustrating an example of the entire configuration of a grinding machine including the truing apparatus of the invention
  • FIG. 1(B) is a side view of the grinding machine (a view in which a tailstock is omitted).
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view illustrating approximate shapes and positional relationships of a grindstone (a fragmentary sectional view), a first truer, and a second truer.
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view illustrating surfaces of a grindstone, i.e., a grindstone outer circumferential surface, grindstone end surfaces, and grindstone arcuate surfaces (outer circumference arcuate surfaces and end surface arcuate surfaces).
  • a grindstone i.e., a grindstone outer circumferential surface, grindstone end surfaces, and grindstone arcuate surfaces (outer circumference arcuate surfaces and end surface arcuate surfaces).
  • FIG. 4 is a view illustrating a truing method of a first embodiment.
  • FIG. 5 is a view illustrating the truing method of the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 6 is a view illustrating a truing method of a second embodiment.
  • FIG. 7 is a view illustrating the truing method of the second embodiment.
  • FIG. 8 is a view illustrating an example of a method for setting arc boundary positions functioning as boundaries between outer circumference arcuate surfaces and end surface arcuate surfaces.
  • FIG. 9 is a view illustrating an example of a truing method in the related art.
  • a horizontal direction which is parallel to a workpiece rotation axis WJ that is the rotation axis of a workpiece (article to be processed) W is the X-axis direction
  • a horizontal direction along which a grindstone 50 is cut into the workpiece W is the Z-axis direction
  • a vertical upward direction is the Y-axis direction.
  • the grinding machine 1 which includes the truing apparatus of the invention has a bed 2 , a headstock 40 , a tailstock 46 , an X-axis movement table 10 , an X-axis direction driving unit 10 M, a Z-axis movement table 20 , a Z-axis direction driving unit 20 M, a grindstone rotation driving unit 50 M, the grindstone 50 , a controlling unit 60 , the first truer 70 , the second truer 80 , etc.
  • the illustration of the tailstock 46 is omitted.
  • the headstock 40 is fixed onto the bed 2 , and includes a main spindle 41 .
  • the main spindle 41 includes a chuck 42 which is rotated about the workpiece rotation axis WJ based on a control signal output from the controlling unit 60 (for example, a numerical control apparatus), and which can grip and release the workpiece W.
  • the controlling unit 60 for example, a numerical control apparatus
  • the tailstock 46 is fixed onto the bed 2 , and includes a center 47 .
  • the center 47 is disposed rotatably about the workpiece rotation axis WJ, movable along the direction (X-axis direction) of the main spindle 41 , and urged in the direction toward the main spindle 41 .
  • the workpiece W is, for example, a crankshaft for a vehicle, gripped by the chuck 42 of the main spindle 41 , pressed toward the main spindle 41 and supported by the center 47 , and rotated about the workpiece rotation axis WJ which is parallel to the X-axis, by rotation of the main spindle 41 .
  • the X-axis movement table 10 is reciprocally moved in the X-axis direction with respect to the bed 2 along guide rails 10 L that are disposed on the bed 2 along the X-axis direction.
  • the X-axis direction driving unit 10 M (for example, an electric motor) rotates a ball screw which is not shown, based on the control signal output from the controlling unit 60 to reciprocally move the X-axis movement table 10 coupled to the ball screw, in the X-axis direction.
  • the moving distance is controlled based on a detection signal output from an encoder 10 E which is disposed in the X-axis direction driving unit 10 M.
  • the Z-axis movement table 20 is reciprocally moved in the Z-axis direction with respect to the X-axis movement table 10 along guide rails 20 L that are disposed on the X-axis movement table 10 along the Z-axis direction.
  • the Z-axis direction driving unit 20 M (for example, an electric motor) rotates a ball screw which is not shown, based on the control signal output from the controlling unit 60 to reciprocally move the Z-axis movement table 20 coupled to the ball screw, in the Z-axis direction.
  • the moving distance is controlled based on a detection signal output from an encoder 20 E which is disposed in the Z-axis direction driving unit 20 M.
  • the X-axis direction driving unit 10 M and the Z-axis direction driving unit 20 M correspond to the moving unit which changes the relative position between the grindstone 50 and the workpiece W, that between the grindstone 50 and the first truer 70 , and that between the grindstone 50 and the second truer 80 .
  • the grindstone rotation driving unit 50 M (for example, an electric motor) generates a rotating driving force for the grindstone, and the generated rotating driving force is transmitted to the grindstone 50 through a power transmitting unit such as a pulley and a belt.
  • the grindstone 50 is supported rotatably about the grindstone rotation axis XJ which is parallel to the X-axis. Also the grindstone rotation axis XJ is located on a virtual plane VM which is an XZ-plane including the workpiece rotation axis WJ (see FIG. 1(B) ).
  • the controlling unit 60 receives the detection signals output from the encoders 10 E, 20 E, a rotation angle signal of the main virtual plane VM spindle 41 , and the like, and outputs the control signal for rotating the main spindle 41 , that for driving the X-axis direction driving unit 10 M, and that for driving the Z-axis direction driving unit 20 M.
  • the first truer 70 has a first roll 70 D (a diamond roll or the like) which is rotated about a first truer rotation axis TJ 1 parallel to the grindstone rotation axis XJ, and a roll driving unit 70 M (for example, an electric motor, see FIG. 2 ) which rotates the first roll 70 D, and is fixed to, for example, the headstock 40 .
  • a first roll 70 D a diamond roll or the like
  • a roll driving unit 70 M for example, an electric motor, see FIG. 2
  • the second truer 80 has a second roll 80 D (a diamond roll or the like) which is rotated about a second truer rotation axis TJ 2 perpendicular to the grindstone rotation axis XJ, and a roll driving unit 80 M (for example, an electric motor, see FIG. 2 ) which rotates the second roll 80 D, and is disposed so as to be movable, for example, along guide rails 80 L in the Z-axis direction with respect to the bed 2 .
  • a second roll 80 D a diamond roll or the like
  • TJ 2 perpendicular to the grindstone rotation axis XJ
  • a roll driving unit 80 M for example, an electric motor, see FIG. 2
  • the second truer 80 is moved by the controlling unit 60 in the direction separating from the grindstone 50 so as not to interfere with the workpiece W, and, in the case where the workpiece W is not supported between the main spindle 41 and the center 47 , and the grindstone 50 is to be trued, the second truer 80 is moved by the controlling unit 60 in the direction approaching the grindstone 50 .
  • the first truer rotation axis TJ 1 and the second truer rotation axis TJ 2 are located on the virtual plane VM which is an XZ-plane including the workpiece rotation axis WJ.
  • all the workpiece rotation axis WJ, the grindstone rotation axis XJ, the first truer rotation axis TJ 1 , and the second truer rotation axis TJ 2 are on the virtual plane VM (virtual plane which is parallel to the X-axis and the Z-axis), all the workpiece rotation axis WJ, the grindstone rotation axis XJ, and the first truer rotation axis TJ 1 are parallel to the X-axis, and the second truer rotation axis TJ 2 is parallel to the Z-axis (perpendicular to the X-axis).
  • the grindstone 50 is configured by a grindstone portion 51 which contains bonding parts and abrasive grains, and which is formed into a cylindrical shape, and a disk-like base portion 52 which holds the grindstone portion 51 .
  • a place in which the outer circumferential surface of the grindstone 50 , and the virtual plane VM are in contact with each other, and truing is performed by using the first truer 70 is indicated as a to-be-trued place T 70 , that in which the end surface of the grindstone 50 , and the virtual plane VM are in contact with each other, and truing is performed by using the second truer 80 , and which corresponds to the right side in FIG. 2 is indicated as a to-be-trued place T 80 R, and that in which the end surface of the grindstone 50 , and the virtual plane VM are in contact with each other, and truing is performed by using the second truer 80 , and which corresponds to the left side in FIG. 2 is indicated as a to-be-trued place T 80 L.
  • the rotation direction of the grindstone 50 is a rotation direction 50 K shown in FIG. 2
  • the first roll 70 D is rotated in a rotation direction 70 K
  • the to-be-trued place T 80 R is to be trued
  • the second roll 80 D is rotated in a rotation direction 80 KR
  • the to-be-trued place T 80 L is to be trued
  • the second roll 80 D is rotated in a rotation direction 80 KL.
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the grindstone 50 taken along an XZ-plane including the grindstone rotation axis XJ.
  • a surface which is the outer surface (surface which is to be in contact with the workpiece W) of the grindstone 50 (grindstone portion 51 ), and which is parallel to the grindstone rotation axis XJ is indicated as a grindstone outer circumferential surface 51 G.
  • a surface which is perpendicular to the grindstone rotation axis XJ, and which is on the right side in FIG. 3 is indicated as a grindstone end surface 51 TR, and that which is perpendicular to the grindstone rotation axis XJ, and which is on the left side in FIG. 3 is indicated as a grindstone end surface 51 TL.
  • a surface which is a surface at a boundary between the grindstone outer circumferential surface 51 G and the grindstone end surface 51 TR, and which is formed into an arcuate shape in FIG. 3 is indicated as a grindstone arcuate surface 51 ER, and that which is a surface at a boundary between the grindstone outer circumferential surface 51 G and the grindstone end surface 51 TL, and which is formed into an arcuate shape in FIG. 3 is indicated as a grindstone arcuate surface 51 EL.
  • the center of the arc of the grindstone arcuate surface 51 ER is indicated as the arc center OR
  • that of the arc of the grindstone arcuate surface 51 EL is indicated as the arc center OL.
  • the boundary position between the grindstone end surface 51 TR and the grindstone arcuate surface 51 ER is indicated as an end surface boundary position PTR, and that between the grindstone outer circumferential surface 51 G and the grindstone arcuate surface 51 ER is indicated as an outer circumferential boundary position PGR.
  • the boundary position between the grindstone end surface 51 TL and the grindstone arcuate surface 51 EL is indicated as an end surface boundary position PTL, and that between the grindstone outer circumferential surface 51 G and the grindstone arcuate surface 51 EL is indicated as an outer circumferential boundary position PGL.
  • a point where a first virtual line VTR which has an angle ⁇ R (predetermined angle) with respect to the grindstone rotation axis XJ, and which passes through the arc center OR, and the grindstone arcuate surface 51 ER intersect with each other is indicated as an arc boundary position PER
  • a first virtual line VTL which has an angle ⁇ L (predetermined angle) with respect to the grindstone rotation axis XJ, and which passes through the arc center OL, and the grindstone arcuate surface 51 EL intersect with each other is indicated as an arc boundary position PEL.
  • the angles ⁇ R, ⁇ L are angles which are adequately set, and, for example, 45 degrees.
  • a surface which is a partial surface of the grindstone arcuate surface 51 ER, which is continuous to the grindstone outer circumferential surface 51 G, and which extends from the outer circumferential boundary position PGR to the arc boundary position PER is indicated as an outer circumference arcuate surface 51 FR.
  • a surface which is the remaining surface of the grindstone arcuate surface 51 ER, which is continuous to the grindstone end surface 51 TR, and which extends from the end surface boundary position PTR to the arc boundary position PER is indicated as an end surface arcuate surface 51 SR. That is, the grindstone arcuate surface 51 ER is divided at the arc boundary position PER into the outer circumference arcuate surface 51 FR and the end surface arcuate surface 51 SR.
  • a surface which is a partial surface of the grindstone arcuate surface 51 EL, which is continuous to the grindstone outer circumferential surface 51 G, and which extends from the outer circumferential boundary position PGL to the arc boundary position PEL is indicated as an outer circumference arcuate surface 51 FL.
  • a surface which is the remaining surface of the grindstone arcuate surface 51 EL, which is continuous to the grindstone end surface 51 TL, and which extends from the end surface boundary position PTL to the arc boundary position PEL is indicated as an end surface arcuate surface 51 SL. That is, the grindstone arcuate surface 51 EL is divided at the arc boundary position PEL into the outer circumference arcuate surface 51 FL and the end surface arcuate surface 51 SL.
  • the controlling unit controls the grindstone rotation driving unit 50 M to rotate the grindstone 50 , the first truer 70 to rotate the first roll 70 D, and the moving unit (the X-axis direction driving unit 10 M, the Z-axis direction driving unit 20 M, and the like) to move the relative position of the first truer 70 with respect to the grindstone 50 , thereby starting truing by the first truer.
  • the moving unit the X-axis direction driving unit 10 M, the Z-axis direction driving unit 20 M, and the like
  • the controlling unit controls the second truer 80 to rotate the second roll 80 D, and the moving unit (the X-axis direction driving unit 10 M, the Z-axis direction driving unit 20 M, and the like) to move the relative position of the second truer 80 with respect to the grindstone 50 , thereby starting truing by the second truer.
  • the controlling unit controls the moving unit to relatively move the first truer 70 with respect to the grindstone 50 in a state where the first truer rotation axis TJ 1 is maintained parallel to the grindstone rotation axis XJ, thereby truing the outer circumference arcuate surface 51 FR which is a partial surface of the grindstone arcuate surface 51 ER, and which is continuous to the grindstone outer circumferential surface 51 G, the grindstone outer circumferential surface 51 G, and the outer circumference arcuate surface 51 FL which is a partial surface of the grindstone arcuate surface 51 EL, and which is continuous to the grindstone outer circumferential surface 51 G.
  • the controlling unit controls the moving unit to relatively move the second truer 80 with respect to the grindstone 50 in a state where the second truer rotation axis TJ 2 is maintained in a direction perpendicular to the grindstone rotation axis XJ, thereby truing the end surface arcuate surface 51 SR which is the remaining surface of the grindstone arcuate surface 51 ER, and which is continuous to the grindstone end surface 51 TR, and the grindstone end surface 51 TR.
  • the controlling unit controls the moving unit to relatively move the second truer 80 with respect to the grindstone 50 in a state where the second truer rotation axis TJ 2 is maintained in a direction perpendicular to the grindstone rotation axis XJ, thereby truing the end surface arcuate surface 51 SL which is the remaining surface of the grindstone arcuate surface 51 EL, and which is continuous to the grindstone end surface 51 TL, and the grindstone end surface 51 TL.
  • the controlling unit trues the outer circumference arcuate surface 51 FR from the arc boundary position PER that is the position which, in the outer circumference arcuate surface 51 FR (corresponding to the one outer circumference arcuate surface), is remotest from the grindstone outer circumferential surface 51 G, toward the outer circumferential boundary position PGR that is the position which, in the outer circumference arcuate surface 51 FR, is closest to the grindstone outer circumferential surface 51 G.
  • the controlling unit trues the grindstone outer circumferential surface 51 G from the outer circumferential boundary position PGR that is the position which, in the grindstone outer circumferential surface 51 G, is closest to the outer circumference arcuate surface 51 FR, toward the outer circumferential boundary position PGL that is the position which, in the grindstone outer circumferential surface 51 G, is closest to the outer circumference arcuate surface 51 FL (corresponding to the other outer circumference arcuate surface).
  • the controlling unit trues the outer circumference arcuate surface 51 FL from the outer circumferential boundary position PGL that is the position which, in the outer circumference arcuate surface 51 FL, is closest to the grindstone outer circumferential surface 51 G, toward the arc boundary position PEL that is the position which, in the outer circumference arcuate surface 51 FL, is remotest from the grindstone outer circumferential surface 51 G.
  • the controlling unit trues the end surface arcuate surface 51 SR from the arc boundary position PER that is the position which, in the end surface arcuate surface 51 SR (corresponding to the one end surface arcuate surface), is remotest from the grindstone end surface 51 TR (corresponding to the one grindstone arcuate surface), toward the end surface boundary position PTR that is the position which, in the end surface arcuate surface 51 SR, is closest to the grindstone end surface 51 TR.
  • the controlling unit trues the grindstone end surface 51 TR from the end surface boundary position PTR that is the position which, in the grindstone end surface 51 TR, is closest to the end surface arcuate surface 51 SR, toward the end surface terminal position PZR that is the position which, in the grindstone end surface 51 TR, is remotest from the end surface arcuate surface 51 SR.
  • the controlling unit trues the end surface arcuate surface 51 SL from the arc boundary position PEL that is the position which, in the end surface arcuate surface 51 SL (corresponding to the other end surface arcuate surface), is remotest from the grindstone end surface 51 TL (corresponding to the other grindstone end surface), toward the end surface boundary position PTL that is the position which, in the end surface arcuate surface 51 SL, is closest to the grindstone end surface 51 TL.
  • the controlling unit trues the grindstone end surface 51 TL from the end surface boundary position PTL that is the position which, in the grindstone end surface 51 TL, is closest to the end surface arcuate surface 51 SL, toward the end surface terminal position PZL that is the position which, in the grindstone end surface 51 TL, is remotest from the end surface arcuate surface 51 SL.
  • the first truer 70 is relatively moved from the side of the end surface arcuate surface 51 SR so as to be moved along a first virtual arc VE 1 which is a virtual arc having a convex direction that is opposite to a convex direction of the grindstone arcuate surface 51 ER, which is in contact with the grindstone arcuate surface 51 ER at the arc boundary position PER, and which has a first diameter
  • the truing from the arc boundary position PER can be started more smoothly. Therefore, this is more preferable.
  • the value of the first diameter is appropriately set.
  • the first truer 70 is relatively moved to the side of the end surface arcuate surface 51 SL so as to be moved along a fourth virtual arc VEZ which is a virtual arc having a convex direction that is opposite to a convex direction of the grindstone arcuate surface 51 EL, which is in contact with the grindstone arcuate surface 51 EL at the arc boundary position PEL, and which has a fourth diameter
  • the truing in the arc boundary position PEL can be ended more smoothly. Therefore, this is more preferable.
  • the value of the fourth diameter is appropriately set.
  • the second truer 80 is relatively moved from the side of the outer circumference arcuate surface 51 FR so as to be moved along a second virtual arc VE 2 which is a virtual arc having a convex direction that is opposite to the convex direction of the grindstone arcuate surface 51 ER, which is in contact with the grindstone arcuate surface 51 ER at the arc boundary position PER, and which has a second diameter
  • the truing from the arc boundary position PER can be started more smoothly. Therefore, this is more preferable.
  • the value of the second diameter is appropriately set.
  • the second truer 80 is relatively moved from the side of the outer circumference arcuate surface 51 FL so as to be moved along a third virtual arc VE 3 which is a virtual arc having a convex direction that is opposite to the convex direction of the grindstone arcuate surface 51 EL, which is in contact with the grindstone arcuate surface 51 EL at the arc boundary position PEL, and which has a third diameter
  • the truing from the arc boundary position PEL can be started more smoothly. Therefore, this is more preferable.
  • the value of the third diameter is appropriately set.
  • the truing method of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 6 is different from that of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 4 in that the path in the case where the first truer 70 is made close to the arc boundary position PER, and that in the case where the first truer is separated from the arc boundary position PEL are not paths which extend along the virtual arcs, but those which extend along virtual lines parallel to the grindstone rotation axis XJ.
  • the truing method of the second embodiment shown in FIG. 7 is different from that of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 5 in that the path in the case where the second truer 70 is made close to the arc boundary position PER, and that in the case where the second truer is made close to the arc boundary position PEL are not paths which extend along the virtual arcs, but those which extend along virtual lines perpendicular to the grindstone rotation axis XJ.
  • the first truer 70 is relatively moved with respect to the grindstone 50 so as to be moved along a virtual line VTA which is parallel to the grindstone rotation axis XJ, and which passes through the arc boundary position PER.
  • the first truer 70 can be made relatively close to the grindstone 50 through the simple path.
  • the first truer 70 is relatively moved with respect to the grindstone 50 so as to be moved along a virtual line VTB which is parallel to the grindstone rotation axis XJ, and which passes through the arc boundary position PEL. According to the configuration, the first truer 70 can be relatively separated from the grindstone 50 through the simple path.
  • the second truer 80 is relatively moved with respect to the grindstone 50 so as to be moved along a virtual line VTC which is perpendicular to the grindstone rotation axis XJ, and which passes through the arc boundary position PER.
  • VTC which is perpendicular to the grindstone rotation axis XJ, and which passes through the arc boundary position PER.
  • the second truer 80 can be made relatively close to the grindstone 50 through the simple path.
  • the second truer 80 is relatively moved with respect to the grindstone 50 so as to be moved along a virtual line VTD which is perpendicular to the grindstone rotation axis XJ, and which passes through the arc boundary position PEL. According to the configuration, the second truer 80 can be made relatively close to the grindstone 50 through the simple path.
  • angles ⁇ R, ⁇ L (predetermined angles) of the first virtual lines VTR, VTL with respect to the grindstone rotation axis XJ in the case where the arc boundary positions PER, PEL are to be set are, for example, 45 degrees.
  • the below-described setting of angles ⁇ R′, ⁇ L′ (predetermined angles) shown in FIG. 8 is more preferable.
  • the truing depth (machining allowance due to truing) in a direction perpendicular to the grindstone rotation axis XJ is set as ⁇ D
  • the truing depth (machining allowance due to truing) in the direction parallel to the grindstone rotation axis XJ is set as ⁇ W.
  • the center of the arc of the right grindstone arcuate surface before truing is indicated as the arc center OR, and that of the arc of the left grindstone arcuate surface before truing is indicated as the arc center OL.
  • a position which is further moved by ⁇ W in the direction separating from the right grindstone end surface, from a position that is moved by ⁇ D from the position of the arc center OR in the direction separating from the grindstone outer circumferential surface is set as a new arc center OR′ which is the center of the arc of the right grindstone arcuate surface after truing.
  • a position which is further moved by ⁇ W in the direction separating from the left grindstone end surface, from a position that is moved by ⁇ D from the position of the arc center OL in the direction separating from the grindstone outer circumferential surface is set as a new arc center OL′ which is the center of the arc of the left grindstone arcuate surface after truing.
  • An angle ⁇ L′ is identical with the angle ⁇ R′, and therefore its description is omitted.
  • a truing apparatus including: a first truer having a first roll which is rotated about a first truer rotation axis that is parallel to the grindstone rotation axis XJ; a second truer having a second roll which is rotated about a second truer rotation axis that is perpendicular to the grindstone rotation axis XJ; a moving unit; and a controlling unit, the apparatus truing the grindstone outer circumferential surface, grindstone end surfaces, and grindstone arcuate surfaces of the grindstone, based on the truing methods which have been described in the embodiments.
  • the grindstone end surfaces, and the grindstone arcuate surfaces (end surface arcuate surface) which are continuous to the grindstone end surfaces can be adequately trued, the fracturability of the abrasive grains is improved, and the sharpness of the grindstone is improved.
  • the improvement of the sharpness can adequately prevent grinding burn from occurring, and contribute to cost reduction.
  • truing is performed in appropriate sequence and route. Therefore, truing can be performed in a shorter period of time, and this can contribute to shortening of the process time and energy saving.
  • the invention can cope with processing which is applied to, for example, a crankshaft for a special vehicle, and in which accuracies of grindstone end surfaces are required, reduce the friction resistance of the crankshaft, and contribute to improvement of fuel efficiency of the vehicle.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Grinding-Machine Dressing And Accessory Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
US15/029,931 2013-10-16 2014-10-16 Truing method and truing device Abandoned US20160236321A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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JP2013-215492 2013-10-16
JP2013215492A JP6197567B2 (ja) 2013-10-16 2013-10-16 ツルーイング方法及びツルーイング装置
PCT/JP2014/077573 WO2015056746A1 (fr) 2013-10-16 2014-10-16 Méthode de dressage et dispositif de dressage

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US20160236321A1 true US20160236321A1 (en) 2016-08-18

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US15/029,931 Abandoned US20160236321A1 (en) 2013-10-16 2014-10-16 Truing method and truing device

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US (1) US20160236321A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP6197567B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN105636744B (fr)
DE (1) DE112014004767T5 (fr)
WO (1) WO2015056746A1 (fr)

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WO2015056746A1 (fr) 2015-04-23
CN105636744A (zh) 2016-06-01
JP6197567B2 (ja) 2017-09-20
CN105636744B (zh) 2018-01-12
DE112014004767T5 (de) 2016-08-11
JP2015077650A (ja) 2015-04-23

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