US20130319618A1 - Separating Fluid, Method And System For Separating Multilayer Systems - Google Patents

Separating Fluid, Method And System For Separating Multilayer Systems Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US20130319618A1
US20130319618A1 US13/950,485 US201313950485A US2013319618A1 US 20130319618 A1 US20130319618 A1 US 20130319618A1 US 201313950485 A US201313950485 A US 201313950485A US 2013319618 A1 US2013319618 A1 US 2013319618A1
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
separating
separating fluid
surfactant
multilayer
separation
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
US13/950,485
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Sebastian Kernbaum
Horst Seibt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
saperatec GmbH
Original Assignee
saperatec GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by saperatec GmbH filed Critical saperatec GmbH
Assigned to saperatec GmbH reassignment saperatec GmbH ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: KERNBAUM, Sebastian, SEIBT, HORST
Publication of US20130319618A1 publication Critical patent/US20130319618A1/en
Priority to US15/077,210 priority Critical patent/US10618268B2/en
Priority to US16/846,725 priority patent/US20200238679A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B43/00—Operations specially adapted for layered products and not otherwise provided for, e.g. repairing; Apparatus therefor
    • B32B43/006—Delaminating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J8/00—Chemical or physical processes in general, conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles; Apparatus for such processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
    • B03B9/06—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for refuse
    • B03B9/061—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for refuse the refuse being industrial
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J11/00—Recovery or working-up of waste materials
    • C08J11/04—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers
    • C08J11/06—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers without chemical reactions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J11/00—Recovery or working-up of waste materials
    • C08J11/04—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers
    • C08J11/06—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers without chemical reactions
    • C08J11/08—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers without chemical reactions using selective solvents for polymer components
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K13/00—Etching, surface-brightening or pickling compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K13/00—Etching, surface-brightening or pickling compositions
    • C09K13/02—Etching, surface-brightening or pickling compositions containing an alkali metal hydroxide
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
    • G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
    • G03F7/26—Processing photosensitive materials; Apparatus therefor
    • G03F7/42—Stripping or agents therefor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
    • B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B38/10—Removing layers, or parts of layers, mechanically or chemically
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J7/00—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances
    • C08J7/02—Chemical treatment or coating of shaped articles made of macromolecular substances with solvents, e.g. swelling agents
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/20—Waste processing or separation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/82—Recycling of waste of electrical or electronic equipment [WEEE]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
    • Y10T156/11—Methods of delaminating, per se; i.e., separating at bonding face
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
    • Y10T156/11—Methods of delaminating, per se; i.e., separating at bonding face
    • Y10T156/1111—Using solvent during delaminating [e.g., water dissolving adhesive at bonding face during delamination, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
    • Y10T156/11—Methods of delaminating, per se; i.e., separating at bonding face
    • Y10T156/1111—Using solvent during delaminating [e.g., water dissolving adhesive at bonding face during delamination, etc.]
    • Y10T156/1116—Using specified organic delamination solvent
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
    • Y10T156/11—Methods of delaminating, per se; i.e., separating at bonding face
    • Y10T156/1121—Using vibration during delaminating
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
    • Y10T156/19—Delaminating means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T156/00—Adhesive bonding and miscellaneous chemical manufacture
    • Y10T156/19—Delaminating means
    • Y10T156/1922—Vibrating delaminating means

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a separating fluid for separating multilayer systems, in particular in photovoltaic modules, batteries or screens, for the purpose of recycling.
  • the present invention refers to a method for separating multilayer systems, in particular in photovoltaic modules, for the purpose of recycling, comprising a wash with a separating fluid.
  • the present invention further to use of a separating fluid for separating multilayer systems, in particular photovoltaic modules, for the purpose of recycling.
  • the present disclosure relates to a facility carrying out the above method of the kind named above.
  • the methods and separating fluids currently in use are based on the application of chemical and thermal processes for silicon thick-film modules, such as crystalline silicon modules, on the one hand and mechanical and chemical separating processes for recycling of thin-film modules or CdTe-thin-film modules on the other hand.
  • photovoltaic modules Two types are known. There are photovoltaic modules based on silicon wafers that are embedded within two glass panes by lamination of ethylenvinylacetate (EVA) and applied to a suitable frame, resulting in silicon-thick-film modules.
  • EVA ethylenvinylacetate
  • the other type of photovoltaic cells or photovoltaic modules is produced with thin layers that are applied directly to the glass panes by physical vapor deposition and/or chemical vapor deposition methods. Different thin-film cell varieties are available on the market, such as amorphous silicon, microcrystalline silicon, cadmium telluride, copper indium diselenide and gallium arsenide.
  • the known methods for recycling the photovoltaic modules are based on a thermal separating process, i.e. the destruction of the EVA bond, in connection with chemical methods for cleaning the resulting silicon wafer or the raw silicon.
  • the methods are energy-intensive and only suitable for thin-film modules within limitations.
  • Another known method is substantially based on sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide causing an etching process that leads to separation of the multilayer system.
  • the disadvantage is that use of such substances is not environmentally compatible and separation and concentration of the recyclable materials after etching may be require elaborate methods.
  • the present disclosure teaches a separating fluid, a method, a use and a facility to enable separation of multilayer systems, for example but not limited to photovoltaic modules, at a high recycling rate and in a manner that is comparatively simple and environmentally compatible.
  • the separating fluid of this disclosure is a nanoscale dispersion or a precursor of this nanoscale dispersion.
  • nanoscale dispersion is used as a collective term that comprises micro-emulsions as well as mini-emulsions and refers to a stable, optically isotropic dispersion that contains two non-mixable components and is stabilized by at least one amphiphilic component.
  • a precursor of the nanoscale dispersion is a nanoscale dispersion that, however, has only one of the two non-mixable components.
  • the missing component can also be taken from the material to be treated during separation. With the help of the separating fluid, separation of adhesions and coatings is possible by reducing interfacial tensions between the phases of glued and coated materials and causing separation.
  • the separating fluid may, for example, separate the glass-glass bond, which is frequently created using EVA or similar substances, or the precious metal coating and/or semi-conductor coating of thin-film modules.
  • the separating fluid can also be applied to separate photovoltaic modules in which a glass-glass connection by PVB film, similar to car glass windshields, is present.
  • the nanoscale dispersions can be produced cost-efficiently. They nanoscale dispersions also enable mostly loss-free separation and recovery of valuable substances to then be utilized.
  • the nanoscale dispersions can be processed and reused. This re-use is in contrast to the prior art methods, such as etching, in which the recyclable materials are dissolved.
  • the use of the separating fluids of this disclosure enables separation of the valuable materials by simple filtration as the valuable materials coming loose in solid parts.
  • the separating fluid does not lead to chemical dissolution of materials, but to the layers in the bonding area coming loose in small solid parts, i.e. flakes or strips.
  • Thin layers of metals or semi-conductors or graphite may be removed from substrate carrier layers, such as glass or metal. It is also possible that connected thin layers of two or more thin individual layers are separated into their individual layers. There is no considerable material loss and the fractions of the different materials can be separated from the sludge or suspension in subsequent separating stages.
  • the nanoscale dispersion is formed of an organic solvent, a watery component and at least one surfactant.
  • the precursor is formed of a watery component and at least one surfactant.
  • the organic component is used for swelling of the plastic when used for separating multilayer systems.
  • the organic component according to the invention also serves to remove any present bonding agents in the multilayer system to support the separation. Use of organic fluids for the organic component can be very different. Selection of the organic fluid depends on the bonds in the solar modules and also on the use of organic bonding agents in the applied thin semi-conductor layers.
  • aqueous component means the sum of water in its pure form and all other aqueous shares that are added by addition of further components. Other watery shares increasing the share of the aqueous component in the separating fluid can be contained in aqueous solutions. The share of the aqueous component therefore specifies the share of water in the overall mixture. The water can therefore also be part of other added components.
  • the surfactant is used to cover the free surfaces and to use capillary forces for the formation of further surfaces.
  • watery citric acid has turned out to be suitable for the organic component in the scope of the invention.
  • the organic component contains non-water-soluble oils and/or non-water-soluble solvents.
  • the aqueous component has a concentration of at least 60 percent by weight, preferably about 70 percent by weight, in the nanoscale dispersion. Concentrations of at least 60 percent by weight and up to 85 percent by weight have turned out to be suitable.
  • the surfactant is chosen from the group formed of anionic surfactants, non-ionic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants or their combinations.
  • surfactants have at least one hydrophilic and one hydrophobic functional group.
  • Anionic surfactants as a functional group usually have carboxylate, sulfate or sulfonate groups.
  • a non-ionic surfactant may be a polyether chain, preferably an alkyl-polyether chain.
  • An amphoteric surfactant may contain both anionic and cationic groups and therefore behave as an anionic or cationic surfactant according to pH value or remain zwitterionic according to its structure. Zwitterionic surfactants usually behave independently of the pH value.
  • a combination of non-ionic, zwitterionic and anionic surfactants is generally suitable.
  • any of the surfactants named may also be used as the sole surfactant component. It was found that addition of an anionic and/or amphoteric surfactant can increase the creepage speed of the separating fluid in the interface between the layers of the multilayer system to be separated in the separating process.
  • the separating fluid may contain at least one non-ionic surfactant and one or several surfactants chosen from the group formed by anionic surfactants and amphoteric surfactants.
  • the non-ionic surfactant within the nanoscale dispersion has a concentration in the range from 2 percent by weight to 12 percent by weight, in particular from 5 percent by weight to 9 percent by weight.
  • the anionic surfactant and/or the amphoteric surfactant has a concentration of no more than 10 percent by weight within the nanoscale dispersion, in particular about 6 percent by weight.
  • the non-ionic surfactant has an HLB value in the range from 12 to 13.
  • the HLB value hydrophilic-lipophilic balance indicates the strength between the hydrophilic head groups and the hydrophobic hydrocarbon group.
  • the HLB value is defined by the product of the factor 20 with the relative share of the molar mass of the hydrophilic molecule part at the total molar mass.
  • the nanoscale dispersion also contains a hydrotrope to stabilize the dispersion.
  • the hydrotrope is used to increase the capillary active forces of the surfactants used and to stabilize the nanoscale dispersion.
  • the hydrotrope serves to improve solubility of organic substances. Furthermore, the hydrotope is able to incite the capillary forces of the surfactants by its interaction with the surfactant or the surfactants at the interface, which causes the resilience of the nanoscale dispersion to be increased. On the other hand, the surfactant concentrations used can be reduced without affecting the result. This is beneficial for the production costs of the separating fluid Amino-phosfonic acids or para-toluene sulphonic acid have turned out to be suitable hydrotropes.
  • the hydrotrope comprises a short-chained polar organic molecule. Chain lengths of up to six or up to five carbon atoms have turned out to be suitable.
  • the hydrotope can be aligned, e.g. in interfaces. Furthermore, the hydrotope may interact beneficially with the surfactants or any present co-surfactants. The interaction of the surfactants with the hydrotrope leads to an amplification of the capillary forces that are usually responsible for separation.
  • the hydrotrope can comprise an organic acid or a salt of an organic acid.
  • Organic acid molecules that, when used as acids, generate a pH value depending on the organic acid, can be preferably used as hydrotropes. Many separations of hard surfaces are facilitated by the acidic character of the micro-emulsion.
  • the alkanolamines of the organic acids can be used.
  • the alkanolamines are in this case also considered hydrotropes according to the teachings of this disclosure.
  • the nanoscale dispersion contains a co-surfactant.
  • Isobutanol has turned out to be a suitable surfactant. In applications in which isobutanol is not suitable for industrialization because of its comparably low flash point, longer-chained alcohols or derivatives thereof can be used alternatively.
  • the co-surfactant contains a short-chained alcohol, preferably ethylhexanol and/or alkylmonoglycolether.
  • Alcohols suitable must be somewhat to a little soluble in water and at the same time somewhat to well soluble in the organic phase.
  • the alcohols also need to interact with the surfactants used at the interface and thus form a monomolecular liquid-crystalline layer at the interface together with the surfactants.
  • the separating fluid according to the invention may additionally contain a base component, in particular NaOH, to increase the pH value.
  • a base component in particular NaOH
  • the separating fluid is used to remove at least sections of individual or several layers from the multilayer system in such a manner that the material of the layers substantially dissolved remains.
  • separating fluids may achieve a targeted delamination of the composite layers of the multilayer system. This requires wetting of the composite layers and in particular the edge and corner areas of the multilayer systems for the separating fluid to enter between the composite layers to separate the composite layers. Since the composite layers are not dissolved, but removed according to the invention, recovery of the layer material is simple.
  • the method according to the disclosure therefore can be used for processing of the photovoltaic modules, battery cells or display screens.
  • the wash is performed in a container containing the separating fluid, in particular a submersion container, by placing the multilayer systems to be separated into the container with a relative motion between the separating fluid and the submersion container being generated.
  • This method leads to the separating fluid being applied to the separation layer to be removed, to produce the desired separation based on capillary forces there.
  • several submersion baths with rotating drums can be used, as known separately, e.g. in galvanics.
  • the term “wash” in the context of this disclosure means wetting with separating fluid or washing in the separating fluid of the disclosure.
  • Rotating containers can also be used.
  • the wash may be performed in the funnel.
  • the container is rotated to produce the relative motion. This facilitates that the separating fluid comes into contact with the separating layer to be removed.
  • the relative motion is produced by stirring and transporting the separating fluid within the container.
  • a funnel that contains a screw can be used as a container.
  • the screw is used to set the separating fluid into motion on the one hand.
  • the screw can enable entry and removal of the multilayer systems to be recycled as well.
  • the container is subjected to vibrations.
  • a vibration table with a counter-flow can be used to enable particle removal as well.
  • the wash can be preferably performed in a counter-flow method.
  • the multilayer systems can be chopped mechanically and/or sorted by size before the wash.
  • the chopping mainly serves to improve the separation performance due to an enlarged area of attack of the separating fluid. Additionally, the chopping also leads to simplified handling of the multilayer systems to be processed.
  • the multilayer systems in particular photovoltaic modules or production wastes
  • the chopping can be performed by crushers, such as shredders, as known to the skilled person. Sorting by size also simplifies handling, since, for example, the screws can be designed and dimensioned for a specific size class of multilayer systems to be processed.
  • the sorting by size can be performed by screening in the simplest case according to the invention.
  • penetrating defects are produced in one or several of the composite layers of the multilayer system, there is also the advantage of increasing the area of attack of the separating fluid.
  • the penetrating defect may be, for example a cut, hole or any other interruption of the layer system.
  • the penetrating defects may be produced by scratching the multilayer system before or during treatment with the separating fluid.
  • the defects may be produced by mechanical cutting agents, laser blasting, blasting with sharp-edged particles—e.g. sand blasting—bending, breaking, shredding, grinding.
  • the defect is produced in at least one composite layer of the multilayer system that the separating fluid can enter. It is possible but not mandatory that the support substrate of the multilayer system is broken up for this penetration. Single sided coated substrates not covered with glass or film can be scratched.
  • the solid components of the multilayer system that are separated under application of the separating fluid are separated from the separating fluid containing the components after the wash, in particular by a swim-sink method.
  • the separation is performed into non-ferrous components, in particular glass and/or aluminum, precious metals and/or plastic layer.
  • the swim-sink method is possible due to the use of the nanoscale dispersion according to the invention.
  • the swim-sink method can be performed more simply and cost-efficiently than the separating methods of conventional recycling methods that are based on thermal separation or use of acid.
  • the swim-sink method is merely an example. Other methods known to the specialist for separation can be used as well.
  • the EVA film can be recovered by separation. An aluminum frame, frequently used for attachment and stabilization of photovoltaic modules, can be recovered as well. This is, for example, not possible in a thermal separating process, since the EVA bond will be destroyed in thermal separation.
  • the separation can also comprise simple filtering to separate solid components in the simplest manner from the separating fluid containing the solid components.
  • the separation can be performed with a filter method in which the separated solid components of the multilayer system are retained, preferably mechanically.
  • a filter element can be used to keep back the separated solid components.
  • the separation can be performed by an air bubble floating method.
  • the separated solid components which are thin and light, can be carried by air bubbles and thus suspended due to their relatively large surface.
  • the heavier, thicker-walled particles in contrast, deposit on the bottom, so that separation is achieved.
  • the separation is also possible by using the differences of the magnetic or electrical properties of the materials to be separated.
  • the nano-dispersion is beneficial for the quality of the available recyclable materials.
  • the glass fraction from the conventional photovoltaic module processing could only be used in foam glass or insulation material production before, for example.
  • the method of the disclosure in contrast, permits delivering glass fraction of a high quality.
  • Environmental compatibility of the recycling method is further improved if the separating fluid is recovered and reused after the wash.
  • the properties of the separating fluid permit separation of the multilayer systems so that the individual components can be easily separated and the separating fluid can thus be reused.
  • the use of the separating fluid in connection with the separation of multilayer systems such as photovoltaic modules leads to an environmentally compatible recyclability of photovoltaic modules.
  • a high recycling rate can be achieved.
  • the quality of the recycling products achieved is also better than in case of use of, e.g., acids, such as in particular mineral acids, for separation.
  • Another use of the separating fluid is its use for separating battery modules and accumulators.
  • the firmly bonded carbonic layers essentially come loose directly from the metal layers, so that thin, flat fragments of the respective layers are gained that can be easily separated.
  • the materials are not substantially chemically dissolved or otherwise changed in this.
  • it is not required to use any strong acids, such as mineral acids, to achieve the intended removal of the carbon layers from the metal layers.
  • the separating fluid is its use for separating flat screens and similar display screens.
  • the separating fluid is suitable for recovering plastics, glasses and semi-conductors for example for the separation of, in particular transparent, optically active and other, films, glasses, transparent semiconductors and other layers.
  • the disclosure also includes a facility for performance of the method that comprises means for production of the penetrating defects penetrating one or several composite layers of the multilayer system.
  • the facility may comprise at least one container, in particular the above-mentioned submersion container.
  • the container accepts the separating fluid and the multilayer systems to be processed.
  • the container In the operation of the facility, the container has rotating drums to improve contact of the separating fluid with the multilayer system to be separated by rotation.
  • conveying devices for production of the relative motion and/or for entry and/or removal of the multilayer systems to be separated are provided.
  • the conveying devices may be implemented as one or several screws according to the invention.
  • the container in the facility has a plate-like plane with means for application of vibration, contact of the separating fluid with the multilayer systems to be separated can be achieved in the most beneficial manner possible, with in particular counter-flows allowing particle removal.
  • Performance of the method is beneficial if electronic components are manually disassembled first. This disassembly is best performed before any other steps of the method. In particular, disassembly should take place before a chopping step.
  • FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of a method of using a separating fluid in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram of another aspect of a method for separating multilayer systems in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a flow diagram for illustration of the method for separating multilayer systems, in particular photovoltaic modules, for the purpose of recycling.
  • Modules with EVA bond in the glass-glass composite/glass plastic, possibly with frame, are suitable input material 1 for the method.
  • any present electronic components such as connection sockets, are disassembled from the input material 1 .
  • the upstream step of the method 2 can take place at a manual disassembly workplace.
  • the input material 1 can also be waste materials or other composite materials, such as but not limited to, composite materials of polymers and paper.
  • the next step 3 includes pre-chopping of the input material 1 .
  • the pre-chopping leads to an increased area of attack of the nanoscale dispersions.
  • the increased area results in shortened process times.
  • step 4 the material acquired after chopping step 3 is subjected to size sorting by screening.
  • the input material 5 may also be a quantity of composite materials without bonding, such as semi-finished goods.
  • the input material 5 is supplied to a hammer mill 6 and chopped in the hammer mill 6 . Dust produced in the chopping step 3 or the hammer mill 6 is separated into filtered air 8 and microparticles 9 according to the extraction step 7 , preferably with a HEPA filter (HEPA: high efficiency particulate air filter).
  • HEPA filter high efficiency particulate air filter
  • a screening step 4 separates coarse material and particles from each other that have different separating properties in the baths 10 , 11 , 12 .
  • the benefit of the screening step 4 is that large particles that are easier to filter can be washed off from large materials. On the other hand, small glass splinters with even smaller particles will results in a high filter/separation effort.
  • the ratio of 95% of particles with sizes >5 mm to 5% of particles with sizes ⁇ 1 mm can also be applied.
  • the screening step 4 is performed with a simple tumbler. After the screening step 4 , dosage containers (not illustrated in FIG. 1 ) can be used for interim buffering and will then serve to fill the baths 10 , 11 , 12 for performance of the actual separation method.
  • the baths 10 , 11 , 12 are filled with shards of the input material 1 or the alternative input material 5 up to a volume of about 40%.
  • the remaining roughly 60% of the volume of each of the baths 10 , 11 , 12 are topped up with nanoscale dispersions according to the invention.
  • the nanoscale dispersion can be aligned in particular specifically with the input material 1 or the alternative input material 5 to achieve best process times at the lowest costs. It is also possible to use the nanoscale dispersions that can separate different photovoltaic modules of the above kind in the same way.
  • nanoscale dispersions according to the invention are made up as disclosed in the introduction of the description. In particular, they are made up according to one of the following compositions where the part missing to 100% is topped up with water:
  • aqueous Component weight Substance component Anionic 17.8 Leuna alkane sulfonate 30 11.8 surfactant (sodium alkane sulfonate mixture with an average chain length C15 (C12- C18) based on n-paraffin - 34% watery solution
  • Non-ionic 5.9 Polyethylene glycol- surfactant mono-n-dodecyl/ tridecyl/tetradecyl/- pentadecylether as substance mixture of compositions with 4 to 25 ethylenoxide units Hydrotrope 3.5 Cublen R 60 [N-(2- 1.4 hydroxyethyl)-N,N-bis- methylenephosphonic acid in the form of a 60% watery solution Co-surfactant 8.9 Butanol-2 Organ. Phase 7.0 Xylen (techn.) Addition of water 56.90 Watery 70.1 Total of addition of water component total and contributions to the watery component
  • aqueous Component weight Substance component Anionic 6.0 Leuna alkane sulfonate surfactant 95 (sodium alkane sulfonate mixture with an average chain length C15 (C12-C18) based on n-Paraffin)
  • Non-ionic 6.0 Polyethylene glycol- surfactant mono-n-dodecyl/ tetradecylether as substance mixture with 9 ethylenoxide units
  • Co-Surfactant 9.0 Ethylhexanol Organic phase 8.0 Mesitylen Addition of water 69.0 Aqueous 69.0 Total of addition of component total water and contributions to the watery component
  • NaOH may be added to increase the pH value.
  • aqueous Component weight Substance component Amphoteric 5.0 N,N-dimethyl-N- surfactant tetradecyl- ammoniopropanesulfonate Non-ionic 6.0 Polyethylene glycol- surfactant mono-n-dodecyl/ tetradecylether as substance mixture with 9 ethylenoxide units Hydrotrope 2.0 Dimethylaminomethane- bis-phosphonic acid Co-Surfactant 9.0 Ethylhexanol Organic phase 7.0 Hydrosol P 180 EA Addition of water 71.0 Watery 71.0 Total of addition of water component total and contributions to the watery component
  • the anionic surfactant is replaced by an amphoteric surfactant in contrast to examples 1 and 2.
  • an anionic surfactant as well as an amphoteric surfactant is used in addition to the non-ionic surfactant.
  • One or several of the nanoscale dispersions listed act for a certain exposure time that depends on the properties of the input material 1 or the alternative input material 5 in the baths 10 , 11 , 12 .
  • the effect occurs due to comprehensive wetting in several application points where the separating fluid can enter between the composite layers to be separated, move along the interface and dissolve the bond there, for a certain time. This does not have to take place in submersion containers 11 , 12 , 13 .
  • a loaded separating fluid 13 is treated in a separation step 14 .
  • the separation step 14 serves to separate the components of the input material 1 or the alternative input material 5 that are present after washing in the submersion containers 10 , 11 , 12 , as well as the separating fluid in the form of nanoscale dispersion. This step is only illustrated as a schematic in FIG. 1 .
  • a swim-sink separation in connection with suitable filtering is sufficient.
  • the light weight particles in the loaded separating fluid with large surface-volume ratios of the removed layers may be separated from larger, heavier particles such as glass fragments with small surface-volume ratios.
  • the separation takes place using gravity, the flow conduct and/or the surface tension.
  • Simple filtering can also be used for the purpose of the separation.
  • the remaining parts, i.e. mainly glass, EVA and aluminum, are separated in subsequent process steps that can also be performed in subsequent areas of the facility.
  • EVA can be separated by the swim-sink separation, glass by depositing in the same container, aluminum by the separation of the non-ferrous components. These steps can each be performed in separate areas of the facility or in the same area of the facility.
  • non-ferrous separation 17 means separations of non-ferrous components, such as glass or aluminum.
  • the non-ferrous separations 17 are once again separated into the recyclable materials glass 18 and the aluminum frame 19 .
  • the recyclable materials, i.e. precious metals 15 , EVA film 16 , non-ferrous separations 17 , comprising glass 18 and aluminum frame 19 are not dissolved. Therefore, the separation in step 14 is technically simpler compared with the art.
  • the quality of the resulting recycling materials 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 regarding reusability is not limited by the recycling processes as such.
  • the electronic components 20 resulting from the upstream step of the method 2 during disassembly of electronic components can also be delivered for recycling.
  • the method can thus be structured in the following three procedural groups:
  • Phase I Pre-chopping and sorting by size
  • FIG. 2 schematically shows another aspect of the method for separating the multilayer systems.
  • multilayer material 21 to be separated is supplied to a facility 22 for separating the multilayer material.
  • the multilayer material 21 can optionally be supplied to a preliminary stage 100 for disassembly first.
  • pieces to be treated separately e.g. pieces not made of the multilayer material to be separated, are removed.
  • pieces of the multilayer materials 21 to be separated that must be subjected to a different treatment, e.g. than a main component of the multilayer material, due to the type of the multilayer materials, can also be separated.
  • the part of the multilayer material 21 that remains after disassembly is supplied to another preliminary stage 200 for production of attack points.
  • the multilayer material 21 can also be directly supplied to the preliminary stage 200 for production of attack points within the facility 1000 for separating the multilayer materials.
  • defects penetrating one or several layers of the multilayer system are produced to increase the area of the attack points of the separating fluid. This can be done by scratching of the multilayer system with mechanical cutting agents, by treatment with laser jets, by blasting with sharp-edged particles, e.g., sand blasting, by bending, crushing, shredding, grinding or other common procedures known to the specialist as such.
  • the multilayer material 21 is supplied to the interim storage stage 250 .
  • the interim storage stage 250 it is also possible to ensure supply suitable for the subsequent processing stage.
  • different supply goods can be mixed as well.
  • the multilayer material 21 to be processed is supplied to a wetting stage 300 .
  • the multilayer material 21 to be separated is wetted with the separating fluid. This is done in a submersion bath containing the separating fluid or in the form of a sprinkler lane.
  • the multilayer material 21 to be separated goes through a separating stage 400 .
  • the layer material delaminated during the wetting stage 300 is separated from a substrate material as part of the multilayer material 21 and taken up by the separating fluid without being dissolved in the separating fluid.
  • the process may be facilitated by circulation of the separating fluid according to the invention. This is indicated by the arrows between the stages 300 and 400 in FIG. 2 .
  • a separation stage 500 follows the separating stage 400 .
  • layer fragments taken up by the separating fluid in the separating stage 400 are separated by a suitable method. This may be done by suspension in the air bubble flow according to a floating method, swim-sink separation or filtration.
  • the Separation stage 500 is followed by a fragmenting stage 600 in which the layer fragments separated during separating stage 400 and separated from the liquid separating fluid according to the invention in the separation stage 500 are fragmented into different material fractions.
  • the individual material fractions a, b, c are further refined in an after-treatment stage 700 .
  • Refining of the individual material fractions a, b, c may, e.g., comprise of breaking up, cleaning or physical or chemical processing.
  • the material fractions a, b, c refined in the scope of the after-treatment stage 700 are supplied to a packaging stage 800 and packed for use separately.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
US13/950,485 2011-01-25 2013-07-25 Separating Fluid, Method And System For Separating Multilayer Systems Abandoned US20130319618A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US15/077,210 US10618268B2 (en) 2011-01-25 2016-03-22 Method for separating multilayer systems
US16/846,725 US20200238679A1 (en) 2011-01-25 2020-04-13 Facility for separating layers in multilayer systems

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011000322.3 2011-01-25
DE201110000322 DE102011000322A1 (de) 2011-01-25 2011-01-25 Trennmedium, Verfahren und Anlage zum Trennen von Mehrschichtsystemen
PCT/EP2012/051172 WO2012101189A1 (de) 2011-01-25 2012-01-25 Trennmedium, verfahren und anlage zum trennen von mehrschichtsystemen

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2012/051172 Continuation-In-Part WO2012101189A1 (de) 2011-01-25 2012-01-25 Trennmedium, verfahren und anlage zum trennen von mehrschichtsystemen

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US15/077,210 Continuation US10618268B2 (en) 2011-01-25 2016-03-22 Method for separating multilayer systems

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US20130319618A1 true US20130319618A1 (en) 2013-12-05

Family

ID=45607197

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US13/950,485 Abandoned US20130319618A1 (en) 2011-01-25 2013-07-25 Separating Fluid, Method And System For Separating Multilayer Systems
US15/077,210 Active 2034-07-29 US10618268B2 (en) 2011-01-25 2016-03-22 Method for separating multilayer systems

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US15/077,210 Active 2034-07-29 US10618268B2 (en) 2011-01-25 2016-03-22 Method for separating multilayer systems

Country Status (15)

Country Link
US (2) US20130319618A1 (de)
EP (2) EP2668226B1 (de)
JP (1) JP2014507529A (de)
KR (1) KR20140031194A (de)
CN (1) CN103370366A (de)
AU (1) AU2012210505B2 (de)
CA (1) CA2825339A1 (de)
DE (1) DE102011000322A1 (de)
DK (1) DK2668226T3 (de)
EA (1) EA201300852A1 (de)
ES (1) ES2617984T3 (de)
PL (1) PL2668226T3 (de)
PT (1) PT2668226T (de)
TW (1) TWI558744B (de)
WO (1) WO2012101189A1 (de)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015169801A1 (en) * 2014-05-05 2015-11-12 saperatec GmbH Method and apparatus for recycling packaging material
CN107020196A (zh) * 2017-05-23 2017-08-08 青海万加环保新材料有限公司 一种亚微米粉体分级装置及分级方法
DE102018205503A1 (de) 2018-04-11 2019-10-17 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e. V. Mehrlagiges Verbundsystem, Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung und Verwendung von Klebstoffen mit definierter Zersetzungstemperatur für die Herstellung von mehrlagigen Verbundsystem
RU2722104C2 (ru) * 2015-09-03 2020-05-26 Сантр Насьональ Де Ля Решерш Сьентифик Способ и устройство для разъединения многослойных систем, содержащих по меньшей мере один органический компонент
WO2021007510A1 (en) * 2019-07-10 2021-01-14 Engineered Floors LLC Recycling of composites containing layers unsuitable for recycling
US20210309831A1 (en) * 2018-08-15 2021-10-07 Chemische Fabrik Budenheim Kg Polymer composition containing a phosphonate flame retardant
US20220275221A1 (en) * 2019-07-26 2022-09-01 Borealis Ag Method for removing ink or other foreign materials from the surface of an article

Families Citing this family (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012018548B4 (de) * 2012-09-20 2016-11-17 Technische Universität Bergakademie Freiberg Verfahren zur Verwertung von ausgedienten Solarmodulen und Solarzellen aus Silizium und siliziumhaltigen Bauelementen
JP6091863B2 (ja) * 2012-11-27 2017-03-08 横浜油脂工業株式会社 エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体の剥離剤
JP6157904B2 (ja) * 2013-04-09 2017-07-05 Ｄｏｗａエコシステム株式会社 太陽電池モジュール部材の構成部材回収方法およびそのシステム
ITRM20130286A1 (it) * 2013-05-14 2014-11-15 Eco Recycling S R L Processo per il trattamento di pannelli fotovoltaici a fine vita
DE112014004689A5 (de) 2013-10-10 2016-07-21 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Verfahren zum separierenden Trennen von Schichten eines aus mindestens zwei Schichten gebildeten Verbundbauteils
ITBO20130701A1 (it) * 2013-12-20 2015-06-21 Mia En Scarl Sistema di disassemblaggio di un pannello fotovoltaico per consentire il recupero delle materie prime
US20180072039A1 (en) * 2015-04-10 2018-03-15 National Institute Of Advanced Industrial Science And Technology Method for solubilizing crosslinked eva, and method for recovering resource from used solar cell by employing solubilization method
EP3352227B1 (de) * 2015-09-18 2020-03-25 Toho Kasei Co., Ltd. Recyclingverfahren für solarbatteriemodul
GB2557682A (en) 2016-12-15 2018-06-27 saperatec GmbH Method and apparatus for recycling packaging material
CN109592886A (zh) * 2017-09-30 2019-04-09 天津大学 基于晶体硅切割废料制备泡沫玻璃的方法
GB2574260A (en) 2018-06-01 2019-12-04 saperatec GmbH Separation fluid, method and apparatus for recycling multilayer material using a metal passivation agent
KR102112145B1 (ko) * 2018-09-21 2020-06-04 (주)대은 태양광 폐모듈 프레임제거장치 및 이를 포함하는 태양광 폐모듈 자원화 시스템
FR3088579B1 (fr) 2018-11-21 2022-08-26 Commissariat Energie Atomique Procede de delamination d’un dispositif multicouche
WO2021090695A1 (ja) * 2019-11-06 2021-05-14 ソーラーフロンティア株式会社 積層構造体の分離方法
JP6905103B1 (ja) * 2020-01-24 2021-07-21 Ｄｏｗａエコシステム株式会社 金属回収方法
EP3885095A1 (de) 2020-03-23 2021-09-29 Covestro Deutschland AG Verwendung von mischungen aus wasser und ätherischen öl zur auftrennung von mehrschichtverbunden für das sortenreine recycling der polymer- bzw. metallfolien
EP3885404A1 (de) 2020-03-23 2021-09-29 Covestro Deutschland AG Verwendung von mischungen ätherischer öle zur auftrennung von klebungen
IT202000030176A1 (it) * 2020-12-09 2022-06-09 Eco Recycling S R L Recupero di plastiche e vetro dai pannelli fotovoltaici a fine vita
DE102021109591B4 (de) 2021-04-16 2023-01-19 Wolfram Palitzsch Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Trennen von Multischichtverbundmaterialien
DE102021115384A1 (de) 2021-06-14 2022-12-15 Bachata Stiftung Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Recyceln von Verbundglasscheiben
DE102022109249A1 (de) 2022-04-14 2023-10-19 Wolfram Palitzsch Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Trennen von Multischichtverbundmaterialien
JP7448756B2 (ja) * 2022-06-01 2024-03-13 ａｒｔｉｅｎｃｅ株式会社 再生ポリエチレンの製造方法

Citations (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5554320A (en) * 1993-11-22 1996-09-10 Yianakopoulos; Georges Liquid cleaning compositions
US5891836A (en) * 1997-05-16 1999-04-06 The Procter & Gamble Company Light-duty liquid or gel dishwashing detergent compositions which are micro emulsions and which have desirable greasy food soil removal and sudsing characteristics
US5905064A (en) * 1998-01-08 1999-05-18 Colgate-Palmolive Co. Microemulsion cleaning compositions
US5912223A (en) * 1994-12-15 1999-06-15 Colgate Palmolive Company Microemulsion light duty liquid cleaning compositions
US5994283A (en) * 1996-07-09 1999-11-30 Colgate Palmolive Company Liquid cleaning compositions comprising a negatively charged complex of an anionic and zwitterionic surfactant
US6001795A (en) * 1997-06-06 1999-12-14 Colgate-Palmolive Co. Microemulsion all purpose liquid cleaning compositions
US6323171B1 (en) * 1997-12-12 2001-11-27 Colgate-Palmolive Co Antimicrobial multi purpose microemulsion containing a cationic surfactant
US6444635B1 (en) * 2002-03-21 2002-09-03 Colgate-Palmolive Company Liquid cleaning composition having an improved preservative system
US6455487B1 (en) * 2002-03-21 2002-09-24 Colgate Palmolive Company Liquid cleaning composition containing a preservative and an effective chelating agent
US6534469B1 (en) * 2002-09-06 2003-03-18 Colgate-Palmolive Company Liquid cleaning compositions
US6573230B1 (en) * 2002-01-28 2003-06-03 Colgate-Palmolive Company Liquid cleaning composition containing an effective biodegradable chelating agent
US6605585B1 (en) * 2002-09-06 2003-08-12 Colgate-Palmolive Company Liquid cleaning compositions
US6608020B1 (en) * 2002-09-06 2003-08-19 Colgate-Palmolive Company Liquid cleaning compositions
US20040038847A1 (en) * 1999-03-05 2004-02-26 Gross Stephen F. Hard surface cleaning composition
US20110229424A1 (en) * 2007-09-19 2011-09-22 Bubbles & Beyond Gmbh Formula for removing color coats and various soil layers from surfaces, method for producing the agent, and method for cleaning

Family Cites Families (48)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5221085A (en) * 1975-06-11 1977-02-17 Mitsubishi Metal Corp Process for separating metal from laminated board consisting of metal and thermoplastic synthetic resin
JPS5249281A (en) * 1975-10-17 1977-04-20 Mitsubishi Keikinzoku Kogyo Process for separating metal from laminated bord consisting of metal and thermoplastic synthetic resin
JPS60223835A (ja) * 1984-04-23 1985-11-08 Iwata Kasei Sangyo Kk 磁気記録材料からベ−ス材料および磁性体粉末を回収する方法
GB8508010D0 (en) * 1985-03-27 1985-05-01 Unilever Plc Liquid bleaching compositions
US5034150A (en) * 1989-05-03 1991-07-23 The Clorox Company Thickened hypochlorite bleach solution and method of use
US5035826A (en) * 1989-09-22 1991-07-30 Colgate-Palmolive Company Liquid crystal detergent composition
DE4407900A1 (de) * 1994-03-09 1995-09-14 Basf Magnetics Gmbh Verfahren zur Wiedergewinnung von Rohmaterialien aus magnetischen Aufzeichnungsträgern
US5628832A (en) * 1995-03-24 1997-05-13 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Removal of adhesive from polyester film
US5698044A (en) 1995-03-24 1997-12-16 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Removal of adhesive from polyester film with criticality in surfactant use
EP0840778B1 (de) * 1995-07-18 2002-11-27 JohnsonDiversey, Inc. Konzentriertes wässriges reinigungsmittel zum entfetten
DE19531886A1 (de) * 1995-08-30 1997-03-06 Basf Magnetics Gmbh Kontinuierlich ablaufendes Verfahren zur Wiedergewinnung von Rohmaterialien aus beschichteten Folien
JP2000502118A (ja) * 1995-11-16 2000-02-22 アムウェイ コーポレイション 皿洗い用液体洗剤
US5817183A (en) * 1996-08-12 1998-10-06 General Electric Company Method for removing coatings from thermoplastic substrates
JP3986589B2 (ja) * 1996-09-13 2007-10-03 ヒューレット・パッカード・カンパニー インクジェット用インク組成物
US6129779A (en) 1997-05-13 2000-10-10 First Solar, Llc Reclaiming metallic material from an article comprising a non-metallic friable substrate
US6224685B1 (en) 1997-06-03 2001-05-01 Henkel Corporation Microemulsion composition for cleaning hard surfaces
US5952287A (en) * 1997-06-03 1999-09-14 Henkel Corporation Microemulsion composition for cleaning hard surfaces
GB9718139D0 (en) * 1997-08-27 1997-10-29 Zeneca Ltd Agrochemical Formulation
JP2000044724A (ja) * 1998-05-27 2000-02-15 Stylo Japan:Kk プラスチックの溶剤、及びプラスチックの回収方法
EP1065262A1 (de) * 1999-06-29 2001-01-03 The Procter & Gamble Company Bleichmittelzusammensetzungen
JP2001164400A (ja) * 1999-12-03 2001-06-19 Nippon Hyomen Kagaku Kk フェノール樹脂用電解剥離液及び電解剥離方法
JP2004042033A (ja) * 2002-05-17 2004-02-12 Kawatetsu Techno Res Corp 太陽電池モジュールからのシリコンウエーハおよび強化ガラスの回収方法
US6696399B1 (en) * 2002-10-15 2004-02-24 Cleaning Systems, Inc. Cleaning composition
EP1431384B2 (de) 2002-12-19 2009-02-11 The Procter & Gamble Company Einkammer-Einzelportion Textilbehandlungsmittel enthaltend in Beuteln verpackte Zusammensetzungen mit nicht-kationischen Weichspülmitteln
CN100481524C (zh) * 2003-09-10 2009-04-22 大日本印刷株式会社 太阳能电池组件用填充材料层、太阳能电池组件
WO2005065852A1 (ja) * 2004-01-06 2005-07-21 National Institute Of Advanced Industrial Science And Technology 太陽電池モジュールの構成部材の分別方法
KR101327679B1 (ko) 2005-03-21 2013-11-08 비피 코포레이션 노쓰 아메리카 인코포레이티드 순수 형태의 카르복실산의 제조 공정 및 장치
JP5025916B2 (ja) * 2005-06-06 2012-09-12 日本板硝子株式会社 ガラス及び中間膜を有する合わせガラスの分離用水溶液及び分離方法
US7547670B2 (en) 2005-10-25 2009-06-16 Cognis Ip Management Gmbh Low odor ester-based microemulsions for cleaning hard surfaces
WO2007111385A1 (ja) * 2006-03-27 2007-10-04 Nippon Sheet Glass Company, Limited 中間膜分離液及び中間膜分離方法
KR20090076938A (ko) 2006-09-25 2009-07-13 어드밴스드 테크놀러지 머티리얼즈, 인코포레이티드 웨이퍼 재작업 적용을 위한 포토레지스트의 제거를 위한 조성물 및 방법
CN101681130A (zh) * 2007-03-31 2010-03-24 高级技术材料公司 用于晶圆再生的材料剥除方法
US20100112728A1 (en) * 2007-03-31 2010-05-06 Advanced Technology Materials, Inc. Methods for stripping material for wafer reclamation
WO2008157345A2 (en) * 2007-06-13 2008-12-24 Advanced Technology Materials, Inc. Wafer reclamation compositions and methods
DE102007034441B4 (de) * 2007-07-20 2020-06-04 Ulrich Loser Technisches Verfahren zum Entfernen der Front- und Rückseitenkontakte von Solarzellen bei gleichzeitiger Gewinnung von Wertstoffen und Minimierung von Abfällen
US7974732B2 (en) 2008-04-28 2011-07-05 Spirit Aerosystems, Inc. Reconfigurable numerical control for multi level modular machine
US8026200B2 (en) * 2008-05-01 2011-09-27 Advanced Technology Materials, Inc. Low pH mixtures for the removal of high density implanted resist
TW201013338A (en) * 2008-08-04 2010-04-01 Advanced Tech Materials Environmentally friendly polymer stripping compositions
EP2342738A4 (de) 2008-10-02 2013-04-17 Advanced Tech Materials Verwendung von tensid-/entschäumungsmischungen für erhöhte metallladung und oberflächenpassivierung von siliziumsubstraten
DE102008056311A1 (de) 2008-11-07 2010-05-12 Apk Aluminium Und Kunststoffe Ag Verfahren zum Abtrennen einzelner Wertstoffe aus gemischtem, insbesondere zerkleinertem Kunststoffabfall
DE102008058530B4 (de) * 2008-11-21 2012-10-31 Ulrich Loser Technisches Verfahren zum Recycling von Dünnschichtsolarmodulen
DE102009006185A1 (de) * 2009-01-27 2010-07-29 Osram Opto Semiconductors Gmbh Leuchtmittel
DE102009013469B4 (de) 2009-03-19 2014-04-17 Bubbles And Beyond Gmbh Zubereitung zur äußerlichen Anwendung
DE102009014380A1 (de) 2009-03-26 2010-10-07 Bubbles And Beyond Gmbh Verfahren und Zusammensetzung zum Reinigen von Gegenständen
WO2011075416A1 (en) 2009-12-18 2011-06-23 First Solar, Inc. Film removal
WO2011077450A2 (en) 2009-12-21 2011-06-30 Ashutosh Mukhopadhyay Process for delamination of laminated packaging
JP2013079354A (ja) 2011-10-05 2013-05-02 Kanie Puropan Kk 高分子積層体の処理方法
US8863809B2 (en) 2011-11-14 2014-10-21 The Boeing Company Methods and systems for recycling of laminated materials

Patent Citations (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5554320A (en) * 1993-11-22 1996-09-10 Yianakopoulos; Georges Liquid cleaning compositions
US5912223A (en) * 1994-12-15 1999-06-15 Colgate Palmolive Company Microemulsion light duty liquid cleaning compositions
US5994283A (en) * 1996-07-09 1999-11-30 Colgate Palmolive Company Liquid cleaning compositions comprising a negatively charged complex of an anionic and zwitterionic surfactant
US5891836A (en) * 1997-05-16 1999-04-06 The Procter & Gamble Company Light-duty liquid or gel dishwashing detergent compositions which are micro emulsions and which have desirable greasy food soil removal and sudsing characteristics
US6001795A (en) * 1997-06-06 1999-12-14 Colgate-Palmolive Co. Microemulsion all purpose liquid cleaning compositions
US6323171B1 (en) * 1997-12-12 2001-11-27 Colgate-Palmolive Co Antimicrobial multi purpose microemulsion containing a cationic surfactant
US5905064A (en) * 1998-01-08 1999-05-18 Colgate-Palmolive Co. Microemulsion cleaning compositions
US20040038847A1 (en) * 1999-03-05 2004-02-26 Gross Stephen F. Hard surface cleaning composition
US6573230B1 (en) * 2002-01-28 2003-06-03 Colgate-Palmolive Company Liquid cleaning composition containing an effective biodegradable chelating agent
US6444635B1 (en) * 2002-03-21 2002-09-03 Colgate-Palmolive Company Liquid cleaning composition having an improved preservative system
US6455487B1 (en) * 2002-03-21 2002-09-24 Colgate Palmolive Company Liquid cleaning composition containing a preservative and an effective chelating agent
US6534469B1 (en) * 2002-09-06 2003-03-18 Colgate-Palmolive Company Liquid cleaning compositions
US6605585B1 (en) * 2002-09-06 2003-08-12 Colgate-Palmolive Company Liquid cleaning compositions
US6608020B1 (en) * 2002-09-06 2003-08-19 Colgate-Palmolive Company Liquid cleaning compositions
US20110229424A1 (en) * 2007-09-19 2011-09-22 Bubbles & Beyond Gmbh Formula for removing color coats and various soil layers from surfaces, method for producing the agent, and method for cleaning

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015169801A1 (en) * 2014-05-05 2015-11-12 saperatec GmbH Method and apparatus for recycling packaging material
US10682788B2 (en) 2014-05-05 2020-06-16 saperatec GmbH Method and apparatus for recycling packaging material
RU2722104C2 (ru) * 2015-09-03 2020-05-26 Сантр Насьональ Де Ля Решерш Сьентифик Способ и устройство для разъединения многослойных систем, содержащих по меньшей мере один органический компонент
CN107020196A (zh) * 2017-05-23 2017-08-08 青海万加环保新材料有限公司 一种亚微米粉体分级装置及分级方法
DE102018205503A1 (de) 2018-04-11 2019-10-17 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e. V. Mehrlagiges Verbundsystem, Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung und Verwendung von Klebstoffen mit definierter Zersetzungstemperatur für die Herstellung von mehrlagigen Verbundsystem
US20210309831A1 (en) * 2018-08-15 2021-10-07 Chemische Fabrik Budenheim Kg Polymer composition containing a phosphonate flame retardant
US11692077B2 (en) * 2018-08-15 2023-07-04 Chemische Fabrik Budenheim Kg Polymer composition containing a phosphonate flame retardant
WO2021007510A1 (en) * 2019-07-10 2021-01-14 Engineered Floors LLC Recycling of composites containing layers unsuitable for recycling
US20220275221A1 (en) * 2019-07-26 2022-09-01 Borealis Ag Method for removing ink or other foreign materials from the surface of an article

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2617984T3 (es) 2017-06-20
JP2014507529A (ja) 2014-03-27
AU2012210505A8 (en) 2013-09-26
AU2012210505B2 (en) 2016-08-04
CN103370366A (zh) 2013-10-23
TW201231515A (en) 2012-08-01
CA2825339A1 (en) 2012-08-02
US20160214368A1 (en) 2016-07-28
EP2668226A1 (de) 2013-12-04
EA201300852A1 (ru) 2014-03-31
EP2668226B1 (de) 2016-12-07
WO2012101189A1 (de) 2012-08-02
KR20140031194A (ko) 2014-03-12
US10618268B2 (en) 2020-04-14
DE102011000322A1 (de) 2012-07-26
DK2668226T3 (en) 2017-03-13
AU2012210505A1 (en) 2013-09-05
PT2668226T (pt) 2017-03-10
PL2668226T3 (pl) 2017-07-31
EP3170859A1 (de) 2017-05-24
TWI558744B (zh) 2016-11-21

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US10618268B2 (en) Method for separating multilayer systems
US20200238679A1 (en) Facility for separating layers in multilayer systems
RU2722104C2 (ru) Способ и устройство для разъединения многослойных систем, содержащих по меньшей мере один органический компонент
TWI520411B (zh) 將物質自回收之電化電池及電池組分離的方法
RU2759556C2 (ru) Способ и устройство переработки упаковочного материала
CN101054779A (zh) 一种废复合纸膜的再生方法
CN104511369A (zh) 一种废旧混合塑料分离的方法
Murthy Evolution and present status of silicon carbide slurry recovery in silicon wire sawing
JP2012019134A (ja) 太陽電池モジュール材料の再利用のための回収方法
TW201623145A (zh) 多結晶矽破碎物、多結晶矽破碎物的製造方法及多結晶矽塊破碎裝置
CN1775872A (zh) 中性环保脱漆剂及其使用方法
TW200808510A (en) Method of separating mixed plastic
US20230295539A1 (en) Ink cleaning agent used to recycle plastic laminates into recycle material, ink film detaching method, and method for separating and recovering detached ink films
CN114798690B (zh) 一种废旧晶硅光伏板板间分离回收的方法
ES2618071T3 (es) Materiales biodegradables para el acolchado del suelo basados en mezclas acuosas de polisacáridos y fibras de desechos vegetales y procedimientos para su aplicación
WO2013061544A1 (ja) ガラス基板及びそれを有するパネルの廃棄処理装置並びにガラス基板及びそれを有するパネルの廃棄処理方法
KR20080063091A (ko) 태양전지용 기판 세정 방법
CN102267700A (zh) 一种硅片碎料中不同材质与形状有机细屑杂质分离去除方法
JP2001137739A (ja) 混合破砕廃棄プラスチックからの含塩素重合体の分別方法
CN109504559A (zh) 一种光伏组件清洗剂及其制备方法和用途
JP2012204242A (ja) 電池処理装置
KR101059194B1 (ko) 반도체웨이퍼 제조시 발생하는 폐슬러리로부터 절삭재를 재생하는 방법 및 그 재생장치
CN202658142U (zh) 一种模块化单台分离机硅片切割废砂浆在线回收设备
KR200278849Y1 (ko) 건축폐기물 처리 시스템용 송풍식 수분 분리장치
CN117046864A (zh) 光伏组件回收方法及装置

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AS Assignment

Owner name: SAPERATEC GMBH, GERMANY

Free format text: ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST;ASSIGNORS:KERNBAUM, SEBASTIAN;SEIBT, HORST;REEL/FRAME:031055/0428

Effective date: 20130802

STCB Information on status: application discontinuation

Free format text: ABANDONED -- FAILURE TO RESPOND TO AN OFFICE ACTION