US20070175549A1 - Cooling method and manufacturing method of metal part and cooling apparatus for metal part - Google Patents

Cooling method and manufacturing method of metal part and cooling apparatus for metal part Download PDF

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Publication number
US20070175549A1
US20070175549A1 US10/593,360 US59336005A US2007175549A1 US 20070175549 A1 US20070175549 A1 US 20070175549A1 US 59336005 A US59336005 A US 59336005A US 2007175549 A1 US2007175549 A1 US 2007175549A1
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United States
Prior art keywords
cooling
metal part
cooling liquid
vapor film
liquid
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Abandoned
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US10/593,360
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English (en)
Inventor
Saburou Yamagata
Hiromitsu Murakami
Hideo Yokota
Satoshi Suda
Hiroyuki Hoshino
Hideki Tsuge
Koichi Terasaka
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Oriental Engineering Co Ltd
Eneos Corp
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Oriental Engineering Co Ltd
Nippon Oil Corp
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Publication date
Application filed by Oriental Engineering Co Ltd, Nippon Oil Corp filed Critical Oriental Engineering Co Ltd
Assigned to ORIENTAL ENGINEERING CO., LTD., NIPPON OIL CORPORATION reassignment ORIENTAL ENGINEERING CO., LTD. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: MURAKAMI, HIROMITSU, YAMAGATA, SABUROU, TERASAKA, KOICHI, TSUGE, HIDEKI, HOSHINO, HIROYUKI, SUDA, SATOSHI, YOKOTA, HIDEO
Publication of US20070175549A1 publication Critical patent/US20070175549A1/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of cooling a metal part by immersing the metal part in a cooling liquid, a manufacturing method of a metal part by using this cooling method, and a cooling apparatus for a metal part.
  • Quenching treatment and solid solution treatment are heat treatments which involve immersing a metal part heated to a high temperature into cooling liquids consisting of a mineral oil (a quenching oil), water or an aqueous solution of water-soluble coolant and the like, to rapidly cool the metal part.
  • cooling liquids consisting of a mineral oil (a quenching oil), water or an aqueous solution of water-soluble coolant and the like.
  • these cooling liquids are excellent in the stability of cooling and cost efficiency, the following point can be mentioned as a problem. That is, the instant a metal part heated to a high temperature is immersed in these cooling liquids, these cooling liquids vaporize at an interface with the metal part, generating a film of vapor (hereinafter called a “vapor film”) on the surface of the metal part.
  • this vapor film retards the cooling of the metal part, in particular, when the vapor film becomes partially stable due to the shape of the metal part, the arrangement of the metal part in a cooling tank, and the like, the metal part is not uniformly cooled and deformation and soft spots (hardness difference) occur in the metal part.
  • a conventional practice has been to stir a cooling liquid with a metal part immersed by means of convection as strongly as possible, so that positive heat exchange occurs at the interface between the vapor film and the cooling liquid and the temperature of the surface of the metal part is lowered, thereby rapidly breaking a vapor film.
  • Patent Document 1 JP2003-286517A (hereinafter referred to as Patent Document 1), there is proposed a method by which a cooling liquid in which a metal part is immersed is stirred by oscillations and jet flows, and horizontal and vertical flows are generated in the cooling liquid, whereby a vapor film is broken and bubbles generated from the broken vapor film are caused to diffuse in the cooling liquid and disappear.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances and has as its object the provision of a method of uniformly cooling a metal part by uniformly breaking a vapor film which is generated by the vaporization of a cooling liquid on a surface of the metal part.
  • the present inventors earnestly devoted themselves to investigations and as a result they found out that a vapor film formed by the vaporization of a cooling liquid on the surface of a metal part is kept in a stable manner by the pressure in the interior of the film, and that the vapor film can be effectively broken by shattering the stability of this vapor film.
  • the present invention provides a cooling method of cooling a metal part by immersing the heated metal part in a cooling liquid, which is characterized in that by applying a repeatedly varying pressure to a vapor film which is formed when the cooling liquid vaporizes on a surface of the metal part, the vapor film is broken without stirring the cooling liquid.
  • this cooling method when a repeatedly varying pressure is applied to a vapor film, the vapor film repeats expansion and contraction and fluctuates, and the vapor film is broken, with a portion where the film thickness has decreased due to this fluctuation serving as an initiation point.
  • a repeatedly varying pressure to the vapor film without stirring the cooling liquid, weak flows like natural convection are generated in the cooling liquid, but strong flows are not generated as would be the case when the cooling liquid is stirred. For this reason, the vapor film can be uniformly broken.
  • examples of a method of applying a repeatedly varying pressure to the vapor film include a method of applying oscillations to the cooling method, a method of changing the liquid-level pressure of the cooling liquid, and a method of performing the application of a repeatedly varying pressure by combining these two methods.
  • a method of applying a repeatedly varying pressure to the vapor film it is possible to mention also a method by which the metal part is caused to swing.
  • the pressure applied to the vapor film may be continuously varied or it may be intermittently varied like pulse oscillation.
  • a method of applying oscillations to the cooling liquid is not especially limited so long as it does not generate strong flows in the cooling liquid
  • methods of applying oscillations to the cooling liquid include, for example, a method which involves providing an oscillator, such as an oscillating plate and a rotating body, in a cooling tank, and causing the oscillating plate to perform reciprocating motions or causing the rotating body to perform rotational motions.
  • Examples of a method of applying oscillations to the cooling liquid also include a method which involves providing multiple oscillators in the cooling tank and causing these oscillators to oscillate. According to this method, it is possible to apply oscillations due to the resonance by the multiple oscillators to the cooling liquid and to apply oscillations which are partially different within the cooling tank.
  • the method which involves applying oscillations to the cooling liquid when adopted as a method of applying a repeatedly varying pressure to the vapor film, at least either of the amplitude and frequency of the vibrations may be adjusted according to the thickness of the vapor film.
  • the thickness of the vapor film changes depending on the size, temperature and shape of the metal part, the kind and temperature of the cooling liquid, the pressure applied to the liquid and the like. For example, when the vapor film is thick, it is preferred to make the amplitude larger, and when the vapor film is thin, it is preferred to make the frequency higher.
  • the method which involves applying oscillations to the cooling liquid when adopted as a method of applying a repeatedly varying pressure to the vapor film, at least either of the amplitude and frequency of the oscillations may be adjusted according to the condition of the cooling liquid.
  • the condition of the cooling liquid changes in the order: (1) a vapor film stage at which a vapor film is present on the surface of a metal part, (2) a boiling stage at which this vapor film is broken and removed from the surface of the metal part, with the result that the metal part is exposed and the cooling liquid which comes into contact with this exposed surface boils, and (3) a convection stage at which boiling comes to an end and convection starts.
  • the breakage effect of the vapor film cannot be expected if the amplitude of oscillations applied to the cooling liquid is too small; on the other hand, if the amplitude is too large, the liquid surface of the cooling liquid becomes wavy and in some cases strong flows are generated.
  • the amplitude expressed by the swing width of the oscillating plate be not less than 2 mm.
  • the amplitude expressed by an amount of change in the pressure be not less than 1% (for example, not less than 100 Pa) of the pressure which is applied to the cooling liquid in the state that the oscillations are not being applied.
  • the frequency applied to the cooling liquid is preferably 5 to 80 Hz, more preferably 20 to 30 Hz.
  • the cooling liquid be stirred after the vapor film begins to be broken so that bubbles formed by the breakage of the vapor film is caused to diffuse in the cooling liquid.
  • Examples of a method of stirring the cooling liquid include jet stirring and it is preferable to adopt a method by which a uniform flow is formed in the cooling liquid from below upward. It is preferred that the timing for starting the stirring of the cooling liquid is synchronized with the point of time at which the vapor film begins to be broken.
  • the stirring may be performed either after stopping the application of a varying pressure to the vapor film or while continuously applying a varying pressure.
  • any one of the methods is selected according to the size, kind, or quantity of a metal part to be cooled.
  • the cooling method of the present invention it is preferable to adjust at least either of the intensity of the stirring and the direction of a flow generated by the stirring according to the condition of the cooling liquid and the condition of the metal part in the cooling liquid.
  • the bubbles formed from the broken vapor film diffuse uniformly and rapidly in the cooling liquid and disappear. For this reason, it is preferable to perform strong stirring from the later period of the vapor film stage at which the vapor film begins to be broken to before the transition to the convection stage.
  • the longitudinal direction of a metal part is arranged toward a vertical direction in the cooling liquid, it is preferable to ensure that the direction of flows generated by stirring is a vertical direction and in a case where the longitudinal direction of a metal part is arranged toward a horizontal direction in the cooling liquid, it is preferable to ensure that the direction of flows generated by stirring is a horizontal direction.
  • the cooling method of the present invention can be favorably used in the quenching treatment and solid solution treatment of metal parts.
  • the present invention also provides a method of manufacturing a metal part, which is characterized in that the manufacturing method comprises a step of heating a metal part and a step of cooing the metal part after the heating thereof by immersing the metal part in a cooling liquid, and in that in the cooling step, by applying a repeatedly varying pressure to a vapor film which is formed when the cooling liquid vaporizes on a surface of the metal part, the vapor film is broken without stirring the cooling liquid.
  • the uniformity of the cooling of a metal part is improved and the deformation or the soft spots thereof become less apt to occur. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a high-accuracy and high-quality metal part.
  • examples of a method of applying a repeatedly varying pressure to the vapor film includes a method of applying oscillations to the cooling method, a method of changing the liquid-level pressure of the cooling liquid, a method of performing the application of a repeatedly varying pressure by combining these two methods, and a method of fluctuating a metal part.
  • the method of applying oscillations to the cooling liquid when adopted as a method of applying a repeatedly varying pressure to the vapor film, in the same way as with the above-described cooling method, at least either of the amplitude and frequency of the oscillations may be adjusted according to the thickness of the vapor film and the condition of the cooling liquid.
  • the cooling method includes stirring the cooling liquid after the vapor film begins to be broken so that bubbles formed by the breakage of the vapor film is caused to diffuse in the cooling liquid.
  • the present invention provides a cooling apparatus for a metal part, which is characterized in that the cooling apparatus comprises means for cooling a metal part after the heating thereof by immersing the metal part in a cooling liquid, and in that the cooling means applies a repeatedly varying pressure to a vapor film which is formed when the cooling liquid vaporizes on a surface of the metal part, and breaks the vapor film without stirring the cooling liquid.
  • the uniformity of the cooling of a metal part is improved and the deformation or the soft spots thereof become less apt to occur. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a high-accuracy and high-quality metal part.
  • examples of a method of applying a repeatedly varying pressure to the vapor film includes a method of applying oscillations to the cooling method, a method of changing the liquid-level pressure of the cooling liquid, a method of performing the application of a repeatedly varying pressure by combining these two methods, and a method of fluctuating a metal part.
  • the pressure applied to the vapor film may be continuously varied or it may be intermittently varied like pulse oscillation.
  • the cooling apparatus of the present invention as a method of applying oscillations to the cooling liquid, in the same way as described above, it is possible to mention a method by which one or multiple oscillators are caused to oscillate.
  • the method of applying oscillations to the cooling liquid when adopted as a method of applying a repeatedly varying pressure to the vapor film, in the same way as described above, at least either of the amplitude and frequency of the oscillations may be adjusted according to the thickness of the vapor film and the condition of the cooling liquid.
  • the above-described cooling means stir the cooling liquid after the vapor film begins to be broken so that the bubbles formed by the breakage of the vapor film are caused to diffuse in the cooling liquid.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an example of a cooling apparatus used in a cooling method of a metal part related to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing pressure changes occurring in the cooling liquid when an oscillation device is actuated in the cooling apparatus of this embodiment
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram showing pressure changes occurring in the cooling liquid when a stirrer is actuated in the cooling apparatus of this embodiment
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram showing another example of a cooling apparatus used in a cooling method of a metal part related to the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram showing cooling curves on the side surfaces of round bar test pieces made of stainless steel subjected to cooling treatments No. 1 to No. 4;
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram showing cooling curves on the side surfaces of round bar test pieces made of stainless steel subjected to cooling treatments No. 5 and No. 6.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an example of a cooling apparatus used in a cooling method of a metal part related to the present invention.
  • this cooling apparatus is equipped with a cooling tank 2 which contains a cooling liquid 1 , a container 3 which houses metal parts, two oscillation devices 10 , a stirrer 20 , and a controller 30 .
  • a heating device 40 which heats the metal parts.
  • the container 3 which houses metal parts heated by this heating device 40 is immersed in the middle part of the cooling tank 2 by use of an elevator apparatus not shown in the figure.
  • the oscillation device 10 is equipped with one oscillating plate 11 and a drive unit 12 which oscillates this oscillating plate 11 with a prescribed amplitude and a prescribed frequency.
  • This oscillating plate 11 is disposed near the side surface of the container 3 in the cooling tank 2 perpendicularly, with the plate surface thereof facing the container 3 .
  • the oscillating plate 11 performs horizontal reciprocal motions and oscillations 4 are generated.
  • the oscillations 4 are applied to the cooling liquid 1 .
  • By adjusting each of the frequencies and amplitudes of the two oscillation devices 10 it is possible to apply oscillations generated by the resonance of the two oscillating plates 11 or oscillations which differ on both sides of the container 3 .
  • the stirrer 20 is equipped with a propeller 21 which is disposed, with a shaft thereof facing a vertical direction, multiple flow regulating plates 22 , and a drive unit 23 which controls the rotational motions of the propeller 21 , all these three members being present sideways from the oscillating plate 11 in the cooling tank 2 .
  • the propeller 21 By actuating this stirrer 20 , the propeller 21 performs rotations and the cooling liquid 1 is stirred, with the result that in the cooling liquid 1 , upward flows are generated which move along the flow regulating plate 22 from below the container 3 upward.
  • the controller 30 is disposed outside the cooling tank 2 , and constructed so as to control the timing for actuating the drive unit 12 of the oscillation device 10 and the drive unit 23 of the stirrer 20 . Also, the controller 30 is constructed so as to control the drive unit 12 of the oscillation device 10 according to the thickness of the vapor film or the condition of the cooling liquid 1 and, at the same time, so as to control the drive unit 23 of the stirrer 20 according to the condition of the cooling liquid 1 or the condition of metal parts in the cooling liquid 1 .
  • a strain-gauge pressure sensor was installed in the cooling tank 2 of this cooling apparatus and pressure changes occurring in the cooling liquid 1 within the cooling tank 2 were measured in a case where the oscillation device 10 and the stirrer 20 are individually actuated.
  • FIG. 2 is a graph showing pressure changes occurring in the cooling liquid when the oscillating plate of the oscillation device is actuated under such a condition that the frequency is 40 Hz.
  • FIG. 3 is a graph showing pressure changes occurring in the cooling liquid when the stirrer is actuated under such a condition that upward flows generated in the cooing liquid amount to a flow rate of 30 m 3 /h.
  • the fluctuation width of the electromotive force of the sensor on the ordinate indicates the magnitude of the amount of change in the pressure (a relative value) and a numerical value of the electromotive force of the sensor indicates the intensity of a flow generated in the cooling liquid (a relative value).
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram showing another example of a cooling apparatus used in a cooling method of a metal part related to the present invention.
  • this cooling apparatus is equipped with a cooling tank 2 containing a cooling liquid 1 , a container 3 which houses metal parts to be subjected to cooling treatment, a gas introduction pipe 5 which introduces a gas into the cooling tank 2 , a gas exhaust pipe 6 which exhausts the gas from the cooling tank 2 , a stirrer 20 in which a propeller 21 is disposed sideways in the cooling tank 2 , with a shaft thereof facing a vertical direction, and a controller 50 disposed outside the cooling tank 2 .
  • the container 3 which houses metal parts heated by a heating device 40 is immersed in the middle part of the cooling tank 2 .
  • the same numerals refer to the same parts as those of the cooling apparatus shown in FIG. 1 described above, and description of these parts are omitted.
  • the gas introduction pipe 5 can introduce a gas into the cooling tank 2 by use of a solenoid valve 5 a connected to the controller 50 .
  • the gas exhaust pipe 6 can discharge the gas in the cooling tank 2 by use of a solenoid valve 6 a connected to the controller 50 .
  • the controller 50 is constructed so as to continue introducing a gas into the cooling tank 2 by opening the solenoid valve 5 a of the gas introduction pipe 5 and repeatedly perform the opening and closing the solenoid valve 6 a of the gas exhaust pipe 6 . As a result of this, it is possible to change the pressure on the liquid level of the cooling liquid 1 which has entered the cooling tank 2 . Also, the controller 50 is constructed so as to start the actuation of the stirrer 20 at the point of time when the vapor film begins to be broken.
  • controller 50 is constructed so as to control the gas volume introduced from the gas introduction pipe 5 and the timing for the opening and closing of the solenoid valve 6 a of the gas exhaust pipe 6 according to the condition of the vapor film and the cooling liquid 1 and so as to control a drive unit 23 of the stirrer 20 according to the condition of the cooling liquid 1 and metal parts in the cooling liquid 1 .
  • the cooling of metal parts was performed by a method corresponding to the embodiment of the present invention and by a method corresponding to a conventional method.
  • the oscillation device 10 was actuated, whereby the oscillating plate 11 was caused to oscillate with a frequency of 40 Hz and an amplitude of 4 mm, and the oscillations were applied to the quenching oil 1 for 2 seconds.
  • the oscillation device 10 was stopped and simultaneously the stirrer 20 was actuated, whereby the quenching oil 1 was jet-stirred by upward flows at a flow rate of 30 m 3 /h.
  • the oscillation device 10 was actuated, whereby the oscillating plate 11 was caused to oscillate with a frequency of 40 Hz and an amplitude of 4 mm, and the oscillations were applied to the quenching oil 1 .
  • the oscillation device 10 was actuated, whereby the oscillating plate 11 was caused to oscillate with a frequency of 40 Hz and an amplitude of 4 mm, and simultaneously the stirrer 20 was actuated, whereby the quenching oil 1 was jet-stirred by upward flows at a flow rate of 30 m 3 /h.
  • the solenoid valve 5 a was opened and the nitrogen gas from the gas introduction pipe 5 was continued to be introduced into the cooling tank 2 .
  • the opening and closing of the solenoid valve 6 a of the gas exhaust pipe 6 was performed twice per second for a duration of 15 seconds, whereby the pressure applied to the liquid level was repeatedly varied.
  • FIG. 5 shows cooling curves on the side surfaces of round bar test pieces made of stainless steel cooled under the conditions of No. 1 to No. 4.
  • FIG. 6 shows cooling curves on the side surfaces of round bar test pieces made of stainless steel cooled under the conditions of No. 5 and No. 6.
  • the characteristic point of No. 1 was a temperature about 20° C. higher than the characteristic points of No. 2 to No. 4 and this temperature was about 50° C. higher than the characteristic points of Nos. 5 and 6. From the results, when cooling is performed under the condition of No. 1, it could be ascertained that the breakage of a vapor film is caused by the shattering of the stability of the vapor film, and is not due to a drop of the surface temperature of a metal part.
  • metal parts were subjected to carburizing treatment and cooling thereafter was performed by the method of the present invention and by a conventional method. Dimensional changes of the metal parts before and after the heat treatment were investigated as follows.
  • ring-shaped materials made of SCM420 (outside diameter: 70 mm, inside diameter: 55 mm, axial length: 40 mm) were prepared.
  • the ring-shaped materials were arranged in a furnace which had been brought into a reducing atmosphere by adding alcohol dropwise at 920° C., with the axial direction of the materials aligned in a vertical direction.
  • carburizing treatment was performed for 60 minutes, with the carbon concentration of the atmosphere kept at 0.8%.
  • the temperature of the ring-shaped materials was lowered to 850° C. in the furnace in a reducing atmosphere.
  • This cooling tank 2 contains a quenching oil (a cooling liquid) 1 at 70° C., and the area above the quenching oil 1 is held in a nonoxidizing atmosphere.
  • the ring-shaped materials were immersed in this quenching oil 1 . And cooling was performed under the conditions of No. 10 to No. 15.
  • the oscillation device 10 was actuated, whereby the oscillating plate 11 was caused to oscillate with a frequency of 40 Hz and an amplitude of 4 mm, and the oscillations were applied to the quenching oil 1 for 60 seconds.
  • the oscillation device 10 was actuated, whereby the oscillating plate 11 was caused to oscillate with a frequency of 60 Hz and an amplitude of 2 mm, and the oscillations were applied to the quenching oil 1 for 60 seconds.
  • the oscillation device 10 was actuated, whereby the oscillating plate 11 was caused to oscillate with a frequency of 40 Hz and an amplitude of 4 mm, and simultaneously the stirrer 20 was actuated, whereby the quenching oil 1 was jet-stirred by upward flows at a flow rate of 30 m 3 /h for 60 seconds.
  • the oscillation device 10 was actuated, whereby the oscillating plate 11 was caused to oscillate with a frequency of 40 Hz and an amplitude of 4 mm, and the oscillations were applied to the quenching oil 1 for 2 seconds.
  • the oscillation device 10 was stopped and simultaneously the stirrer 20 was actuated, whereby the quenching oil 1 was jet-stirred by upward flows at a flow rate of 30 m 3 /h for 60 seconds.
  • the quenching oil 1 was allowed to undergo natural convection and a ring-shaped material was immersed in this quenching oil 1 for 5 minutes.
  • a repeatedly varying pressure is applied to a vapor film formed on the surface of a metal part and the vapor film is broken without the stirring of a cooling liquid, with the result that strong flows are not generated in the cooling liquid. Therefore, it becomes easy that the vapor film is uniformly broken. Hence, the uniformity of the cooling of the metal part is improved and the deformation or the soft spots thereof become less apt to occur. As a result of this, it becomes easy to obtain high-accuracy and high-quality metal parts.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
US10/593,360 2004-04-07 2005-04-07 Cooling method and manufacturing method of metal part and cooling apparatus for metal part Abandoned US20070175549A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2004113326 2004-04-07
JP2004-113326 2004-04-07
PCT/JP2005/006872 WO2005098055A1 (fr) 2004-04-07 2005-04-07 Procédé de refroidissement d’une pièce métallique, procédé de production d’une pièce métallique, et dispositif de refroidissement d’une pièce métallique

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EP (1) EP1736555B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPWO2005098055A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN100497663C (fr)
WO (1) WO2005098055A1 (fr)

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JP2006283049A (ja) * 2005-03-31 2006-10-19 Sanyo Special Steel Co Ltd 鋼材の製造方法
AT512792B1 (de) * 2012-09-11 2013-11-15 Voestalpine Schienen Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung von bainitischen Schienenstählen
CN104651584A (zh) * 2015-02-13 2015-05-27 鞍山市重型特钢板材加工有限公司 一种消除热处理淬火蒸汽膜的方法及装置
MX2022006549A (es) * 2019-12-20 2022-10-10 Autotech Eng Sl Proceso y aparato para el enfriamiento de objetos calientes.
CN111647727B (zh) * 2020-07-06 2021-05-25 上海交通大学 发动机活塞的水冷淬火装置以及淬火方法

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JPS5970715A (ja) * 1982-10-18 1984-04-21 Koyo Seiko Co Ltd 焼入れ方法
SU1470785A1 (ru) 1987-03-31 1989-04-07 Институт Механики Ан Усср Устройство дл закалки изделий
JPH0413808A (ja) 1990-05-02 1992-01-17 Satoshi Watanabe 超音波による焼き入れ法
JP3069748B2 (ja) 1991-07-11 2000-07-24 光洋サーモシステム株式会社 焼入方法
JP4022705B2 (ja) 1999-02-18 2007-12-19 トヨタ自動車株式会社 焼入方法
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JP3986864B2 (ja) 2002-03-29 2007-10-03 オリエンタルエンヂニアリング株式会社 焼入れ方法及び焼入れ装置
JP2005350756A (ja) * 2004-06-14 2005-12-22 Nachi Fujikoshi Corp 熱処理装置

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WO2005098055A1 (fr) 2005-10-20
EP1736555A4 (fr) 2008-04-02
CN1938435A (zh) 2007-03-28
EP1736555A1 (fr) 2006-12-27
EP1736555B1 (fr) 2014-12-24
JPWO2005098055A1 (ja) 2008-02-28

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