US11603639B2 - Method for installing a tubular metal pile in rocky soil - Google Patents

Method for installing a tubular metal pile in rocky soil Download PDF

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Publication number
US11603639B2
US11603639B2 US17/263,654 US201917263654A US11603639B2 US 11603639 B2 US11603639 B2 US 11603639B2 US 201917263654 A US201917263654 A US 201917263654A US 11603639 B2 US11603639 B2 US 11603639B2
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Prior art keywords
cavity
pile
granular material
installing
granular
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US17/263,654
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US20210292989A1 (en
Inventor
Olivier Jean
Olivier Vambre
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Saipem SA
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Saipem SA
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Assigned to SAIPEM S.A. reassignment SAIPEM S.A. ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: JEAN, OLIVIER, VAMBRE, Olivier
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D13/00—Accessories for placing or removing piles or bulkheads, e.g. noise attenuating chambers
    • E02D13/04—Guide devices; Guide frames
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D15/00—Handling building or like materials for hydraulic engineering or foundations
    • E02D15/08—Sinking workpieces into water or soil inasmuch as not provided for elsewhere
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D15/00—Handling building or like materials for hydraulic engineering or foundations
    • E02D15/10—Placing gravel or light material under water inasmuch as not provided for elsewhere
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
    • E02D27/52—Submerged foundations, i.e. submerged in open water
    • E02D27/525—Submerged foundations, i.e. submerged in open water using elements penetrating the underwater ground
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/24—Prefabricated piles
    • E02D5/28—Prefabricated piles made of steel or other metals
    • E02D5/285—Prefabricated piles made of steel or other metals tubular, e.g. prefabricated from sheet pile elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D7/00—Methods or apparatus for placing sheet pile bulkheads, piles, mouldpipes, or other moulds
    • E02D7/02—Placing by driving
    • E02D7/06—Power-driven drivers
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D7/00—Methods or apparatus for placing sheet pile bulkheads, piles, mouldpipes, or other moulds
    • E02D7/18—Placing by vibrating
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D2200/00—Geometrical or physical properties
    • E02D2200/16—Shapes
    • E02D2200/1685—Shapes cylindrical
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D2250/00—Production methods
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D2250/00—Production methods
    • E02D2250/0061—Production methods for working underwater
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D2300/00—Materials
    • E02D2300/0026—Metals
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D2300/00—Materials
    • E02D2300/0079—Granulates
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/10—Deep foundations
    • E02D27/12—Pile foundations
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
    • E02D27/42—Foundations for poles, masts or chimneys
    • E02D27/425—Foundations for poles, masts or chimneys specially adapted for wind motors masts
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/727—Offshore wind turbines

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the general field of the installation of metal piles in a rocky ground, in particular at sea in a rocky seabed.
  • One field of application of the invention is that of placing the foundations of an offshore wind farm.
  • An offshore wind turbine is installed at sea by means of a foundation consisting of a tubular metal monopile of very large diameter, typically on the order of 7 to 8 m in diameter, which is inserted by about thirty meters deep in a rocky seabed.
  • the installation of such a pile consists essentially in drilling into the rocky seabed a bore of given diameter and depth in order to install the pile therein.
  • This drilling is carried out from a barge supporting a drilling and cementing facility.
  • Cement is then poured into the bore in order to embed the pile into the bore.
  • the pile is released to be able to move the barge carrying the drilling and cementing facility up to the location of the next wind turbine.
  • this technique of placing the foundations of an offshore wind farm has many drawbacks. Particularly, drilling the bore and placing the pile therein leads to a risk of instability in the walls of the bore. In addition, this technique generates an overconsumption of cement during embedding of the pile into the seabed. In addition, the properties of cement tend to deteriorate in the marine environment and under cyclical conditions of swell and wind forces on the pile. In addition, this technique requires ensuring the verticality and the behavior of the pile during its embedding, which requires substantial tools and time.
  • the main aim of the present invention is therefore to propose a method for installing a metal pile which does not have such drawbacks.
  • this aim is achieved by means of a method for installing a tubular metal pile in a rocky ground, successively comprising drilling the rocky ground in order to form a cavity of predetermined diameter and depth, filling the cavity with a granular material, arranging the granular material present in the cavity by vibration, and installing the pile in the cavity.
  • the installation method according to the invention is remarkable in that it provides for replacing the rocky ground with a granular material (for example sand) whose mechanical characteristics are then improved during the arrangement step.
  • the pile is then installed in the cavity filled with this granular material.
  • the method according to the invention thus has many advantages. Particularly:
  • the method according to the invention therefore has better reliability, a major time saving compared to the installation methods of the prior art and flexibility of several installation facilities simultaneously.
  • the method according to the invention can be used in rocky grounds, either in the aquatic environment (for example for the installation of foundations of offshore wind turbines) or in the terrestrial environment (for example for the installation of telecommunications masts, onshore wind turbines, a power grid support/pylon, a cable car pylon, etc.).
  • the arrangement of the granular material in the cavity can be achieved during the installation of the pile.
  • the arrangement of the granular material in the cavity can be achieved prior to the installation of the pile.
  • the arrangement of the granular material in the cavity is achieved by vibro-compaction or dynamic compaction.
  • the pile can be installed by vibro-sinking into the cavity filled with the granular material.
  • the pile can be installed by driving into the cavity filled with the granular material.
  • installing the pile in the cavity successively comprises placing a guide, vertically inserting the pile through this guide, and placing the pile in the cavity.
  • the granular material comes from the material obtained from the drilling of the rocky ground.
  • FIGS. 1 A to 1 F schematically illustrate different successive steps of the drilling phase according to the method in accordance with the invention
  • FIGS. 2 A to 2 F schematically illustrate different successive steps of the granular material filling and arrangement phases according to the method in accordance with the invention.
  • FIGS. 3 A to 3 D schematically illustrate different successive steps of the pile installation phase according to the method in accordance with the invention.
  • the method according to the invention comprises three main steps, namely a main step of drilling a cavity, a main step of filling and arranging the cavity and an actual main step of installing the pile in the cavity.
  • FIGS. 1 A to 1 F schematically represent different successive sequences of an exemplary implementation of the main step of drilling a cavity.
  • the tubular metal pile is installed at sea in a rocky seabed (it may be, for example, a foundation pile of an offshore wind turbine).
  • a rocky seabed it may be, for example, a foundation pile of an offshore wind turbine.
  • the steps of the method according to the invention also apply to the land installation of a tubular metal pile in a rocky ground.
  • a platform 2 supporting a drilling facility 4 is brought vertically to the rocky seabed 6 .
  • the platform 2 is of the jack-up type, that is to say it comprises legs 8 that bear on the rocky seabed 6 to allow lifting the platform 2 above sea level.
  • a derrick 10 of the drilling facility is then lowered ( FIG. 1 B ).
  • a drilling head 12 is then lowered into the derrick 10 and the drilling of the rocky seabed 6 to form a cavity 14 of predetermined diameter and depth begins (step 1 C).
  • FIG. 1 D represents the end of the actual drilling operation: the cavity 14 is at its final dimensions (diameter and depth), that is to say the diameter and depth of the drilled cavity are respectively greater than the diameter and final depth of burial of the pile.
  • the cavity may have a diameter of 7 to 8 m for a depth of 25 to 35 m.
  • the drilling head 12 is pulled up onboard the platform and an annular guide 16 is mounted at the upper end of the cavity 14 .
  • a guide is a functional equipment which will have the function of stabilizing the upper part of the cavity if necessary and of guiding the operations of filling and placing the pile.
  • the derrick 10 of the drilling facility can be pulled up, the legs 8 be raised ( FIG. 1 F ) and the platform 2 is conveyed to another pile installation site.
  • FIGS. 2 A to 2 F schematically represent different successive sequences of an exemplary implementation of the main step of filling and arranging the previously formed cavity.
  • This step requires placing, above the cavity 14 , a ship 17 for transporting granular material 18 .
  • This granular material can be for example imported sand or come directly from the material obtained from the drilling of the rocky ground, in which case it may have undergone prior treatment.
  • the ship 17 discharges inside the cavity 14 the granular material 18 transported (or reconditioned and stored in the ship 17 if it is the drilling material). This operation is for example carried out by means of a duct 19 connecting the bottom of the cavity to the ship.
  • the duct 19 is pulled up onboard the ship and an arrangement of this granular material is carried out ( FIG. 2 B ).
  • this arrangement is achieved by vibro-compaction or dynamic compaction of the granular material.
  • the vibro-compaction is a known technique for generating an arrangement of the granular material having filled the cavity.
  • This method is a mass treatment which consists in immersing a vibrator 20 (or vibrating needle) into the cavity filled with granular material to emit vibrations in order to rearrange the grains in order of density of the material having filled the cavity.
  • the dynamic compaction (not represented in the figures) is another known technique for generating a settlement of the granular material present in the cavity under the effect of the input of high energies.
  • a mass of several tons is dropped several times on the granular material.
  • the height of granular material present in the cavity 14 is lower than before this operation.
  • a sinkhole 22 is installed at the upper end of the cavity 14 to help filling the rest of it with another granular material, for example gravel 24 ( FIG. 2 D ).
  • the gravel 24 then undergoes an arrangement operation as described above (vibro-compaction or dynamic compaction), for example by means of a vibrator 20 as represented in FIG. 2 E .
  • the gravel on the upper part of the cavity is a more draining material allowing water to flow more easily by “drainage effect”.
  • the height of the gravel 24 present in the upper part of the cavity 14 is lower than before this operation and the ship 17 can then be moved to another pile installation site ( FIG. 2 F ).
  • sequence of arrangement of the granular material in the cavity can be performed before (as described above) or during the pile installation step described below.
  • FIGS. 3 A to 3 D schematically represent different successive sequences of an exemplary implementation of the actual main step of installing the pile in the previously formed and arranged cavity.
  • This step requires placing, above the cavity 14 , a ship 26 for installing the metal, tubular and hollow pile 28 (the ship for transporting granular material having been previously conveyed to another site).
  • a first sequence may consist in installing a guide 30 at the upper end of the cavity 14 ( FIG. 3 A ).
  • This guide 30 serves to guide the pile during its installation.
  • the tubular and hollow metal pile 28 is then inserted into the cavity ( FIG. 3 B ) and guided vertically ( FIG. 3 C ) to penetrate therein to a predetermined depth. Since the pile is hollow, the granular material present in the cavity is housed both between the pile and the cavity and inside the pile.
  • the insertion of the pile into the cavity filled with the arranged granular material is carried out by vibro-sinking or driving.
  • the vibro-sinking is a technique known in the construction industry and public works for sinking piles by high-frequency and low-amplitude vibration.
  • As for the driving it is another known technique consisting in sinking a pile into the ground by dynamic effect of shocks or vibrations.
  • the shocks are generally obtained by the drop of the drop hammer on a pile cap and the vibrations by a disposition called a vibrator or pile hammer.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
  • Placing Or Removing Of Piles Or Sheet Piles, Or Accessories Thereof (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
  • Foundations (AREA)
US17/263,654 2018-07-30 2019-03-12 Method for installing a tubular metal pile in rocky soil Active US11603639B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1857066A FR3084380B1 (fr) 2018-07-30 2018-07-30 Procede d'installation d'un pieu metallique tubulaire dans un sol rocheux
FR1857066 2018-07-30
PCT/FR2019/050534 WO2020025864A1 (fr) 2018-07-30 2019-03-12 Procede d'installation d'un pieu metallique tubulaire dans un sol rocheux

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US20210292989A1 US20210292989A1 (en) 2021-09-23
US11603639B2 true US11603639B2 (en) 2023-03-14

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US17/263,654 Active US11603639B2 (en) 2018-07-30 2019-03-12 Method for installing a tubular metal pile in rocky soil

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US (1) US11603639B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3830346B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP7182649B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR102524198B1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2966730T3 (fr)
FR (1) FR3084380B1 (fr)
PT (1) PT3830346T (fr)
WO (1) WO2020025864A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3137113A1 (fr) 2022-06-24 2023-12-29 Saipem S.A. Dispositif de guidage et de maintien vertical d’un monopieu et procédé de mise en place d’un monopieu utilisant un tel dispositif

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FR650485A (fr) 1927-03-19 1929-01-09 Procédé perfectionné de fonçage des pieux et pilotis en béton
US2360803A (en) * 1943-04-14 1944-10-17 Steuerman Sergey Vibrator device
JPS59130918A (ja) 1983-01-13 1984-07-27 Penta Ocean Constr Co Ltd 捨石層への杭打込み方法
JPS6023522A (ja) * 1983-07-18 1985-02-06 Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd コンクリ−ト杭の施工方法
JPS60208515A (ja) 1984-03-30 1985-10-21 Zenjiro Hayashi くい埋設工法
JPH0369717B2 (fr) 1981-04-03 1991-11-05 Furantsu Kurenperumaiyaa
JPH0593424A (ja) 1991-09-30 1993-04-16 Yookon Kk 杭打ち方法
JPH09132916A (ja) 1995-11-08 1997-05-20 Porta- Seizo Kk 摩擦節杭を用いた固結材充填圧入方法
JPH10306445A (ja) 1997-05-06 1998-11-17 Shimizu Corp 鋼管杭設置装置
US20020009337A1 (en) * 2000-06-15 2002-01-24 Fox Nathaniel S. Lateral displacement pier
JP2003221828A (ja) 2001-11-20 2003-08-08 Geotop Corp 既製杭の埋設工法
JP2003293354A (ja) 2002-02-04 2003-10-15 Geotop Corp 基礎地盤の施工法
JP2004239063A (ja) 2004-06-07 2004-08-26 Fumio Hoshi 硬岩地層への鋼矢板連続打設工法
JP2008297856A (ja) 2007-06-04 2008-12-11 Nippon Chiko Co Ltd 鋼管製基礎構造の施工方法
GB2469190A (en) 2009-04-01 2010-10-06 Marine Current Turbines Ltd Underwater installation of columns or piles
EP2650446A1 (fr) 2012-04-12 2013-10-16 Herrenknecht AG Procédé de fabrication d'une fondation pour une installation offshore
JP2014088686A (ja) 2012-10-29 2014-05-15 Ground System Corp 地盤強化システム及び地盤強化方法
JP2014109143A (ja) 2012-12-03 2014-06-12 Oak:Kk 鋼杭の根固め工法
US20150218770A1 (en) * 2014-02-06 2015-08-06 Haydar Arslan Systems and Methods for Reducing Scouring
US20160040384A1 (en) * 2013-09-26 2016-02-11 Grigorij WAGNER Pile casing
US20170145650A1 (en) * 2014-06-10 2017-05-25 Cape Holland Holding B.V. Vibrating device and method for inserting a foundation element into the ground
US20170241098A1 (en) * 2016-02-24 2017-08-24 Ingios Geotechnics, Inc. Systems and methods to provide pressed and aggregate filled concavities for improving ground stiffness and uniformity
JP2017214810A (ja) 2016-06-02 2017-12-07 株式会社ガイナ 合成基礎杭

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR650485A (fr) 1927-03-19 1929-01-09 Procédé perfectionné de fonçage des pieux et pilotis en béton
US2360803A (en) * 1943-04-14 1944-10-17 Steuerman Sergey Vibrator device
JPH0369717B2 (fr) 1981-04-03 1991-11-05 Furantsu Kurenperumaiyaa
JPS59130918A (ja) 1983-01-13 1984-07-27 Penta Ocean Constr Co Ltd 捨石層への杭打込み方法
JPS6023522A (ja) * 1983-07-18 1985-02-06 Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd コンクリ−ト杭の施工方法
JPS60208515A (ja) 1984-03-30 1985-10-21 Zenjiro Hayashi くい埋設工法
JPH0593424A (ja) 1991-09-30 1993-04-16 Yookon Kk 杭打ち方法
JPH09132916A (ja) 1995-11-08 1997-05-20 Porta- Seizo Kk 摩擦節杭を用いた固結材充填圧入方法
JPH10306445A (ja) 1997-05-06 1998-11-17 Shimizu Corp 鋼管杭設置装置
US20020009337A1 (en) * 2000-06-15 2002-01-24 Fox Nathaniel S. Lateral displacement pier
JP2003221828A (ja) 2001-11-20 2003-08-08 Geotop Corp 既製杭の埋設工法
JP2003293354A (ja) 2002-02-04 2003-10-15 Geotop Corp 基礎地盤の施工法
JP2004239063A (ja) 2004-06-07 2004-08-26 Fumio Hoshi 硬岩地層への鋼矢板連続打設工法
JP2008297856A (ja) 2007-06-04 2008-12-11 Nippon Chiko Co Ltd 鋼管製基礎構造の施工方法
GB2469190A (en) 2009-04-01 2010-10-06 Marine Current Turbines Ltd Underwater installation of columns or piles
EP2650446A1 (fr) 2012-04-12 2013-10-16 Herrenknecht AG Procédé de fabrication d'une fondation pour une installation offshore
JP2014088686A (ja) 2012-10-29 2014-05-15 Ground System Corp 地盤強化システム及び地盤強化方法
JP2014109143A (ja) 2012-12-03 2014-06-12 Oak:Kk 鋼杭の根固め工法
US20160040384A1 (en) * 2013-09-26 2016-02-11 Grigorij WAGNER Pile casing
US20150218770A1 (en) * 2014-02-06 2015-08-06 Haydar Arslan Systems and Methods for Reducing Scouring
US20170145650A1 (en) * 2014-06-10 2017-05-25 Cape Holland Holding B.V. Vibrating device and method for inserting a foundation element into the ground
US20170241098A1 (en) * 2016-02-24 2017-08-24 Ingios Geotechnics, Inc. Systems and methods to provide pressed and aggregate filled concavities for improving ground stiffness and uniformity
JP2017214810A (ja) 2016-06-02 2017-12-07 株式会社ガイナ 合成基礎杭

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https://www.collinsdictionary.com/us/dictionary/english/ground (2022). *
https://www.dictionary.com/browse/cement (2022). *
https://www.macmillandictionary.com/us/dictionary/american/rocky (2022). *
https://www.thefreedictionary.com/granular (2022). *
https://www.thefreedictionary.com/soil (2022). *
International Search Report and Written Opinion from PCT Application No. PCT/FR2019/050534, dated May 31, 2019.
Notice of Allowance from Japanese Application No. 2020-571777, dated Oct. 25, 2022.
Office Action from corresponding Japanese Application No. 2020-57177, dated Jan. 25, 2022.
Office Action from Japanese Application No. 2020-571777, dated Jan. 25, 2022.
Search Report from corresponding FR Application No. FR1857066, dated Dec. 19, 2018.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2966730T3 (es) 2024-04-24
US20210292989A1 (en) 2021-09-23
KR102524198B1 (ko) 2023-04-21
JP7182649B2 (ja) 2022-12-02
JP2021530634A (ja) 2021-11-11
FR3084380A1 (fr) 2020-01-31
EP3830346A1 (fr) 2021-06-09
KR20210016622A (ko) 2021-02-16
EP3830346B1 (fr) 2023-10-11
PT3830346T (pt) 2024-01-02
WO2020025864A1 (fr) 2020-02-06
FR3084380B1 (fr) 2020-10-23

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