EP2650446A1 - Procédé de fabrication d'une fondation pour une installation offshore - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication d'une fondation pour une installation offshore Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2650446A1
EP2650446A1 EP12163981.9A EP12163981A EP2650446A1 EP 2650446 A1 EP2650446 A1 EP 2650446A1 EP 12163981 A EP12163981 A EP 12163981A EP 2650446 A1 EP2650446 A1 EP 2650446A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
component
seabed
annular gap
drilling
hardening
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP12163981.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2650446B1 (fr
Inventor
Christof Dr. Gipperich
Fenno Leeuwarke
Wolfgang Els
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Herrenknecht AG
Hochtief Solutions AG
Original Assignee
Herrenknecht AG
Hochtief Solutions AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Herrenknecht AG, Hochtief Solutions AG filed Critical Herrenknecht AG
Priority to DK12163981.9T priority Critical patent/DK2650446T3/da
Priority to PL12163981T priority patent/PL2650446T3/pl
Priority to EP12163981.9A priority patent/EP2650446B1/fr
Publication of EP2650446A1 publication Critical patent/EP2650446A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2650446B1 publication Critical patent/EP2650446B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/32—Foundations for special purposes
    • E02D27/42—Foundations for poles, masts or chimneys

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a foundation for an offshore installation, in particular for an offshore wind turbine.
  • Offshore plant means a fixed structure that is built in the open sea and especially offshore.
  • offshore wind turbines can also be, for example, oil rigs or bridges.
  • An offshore wind turbine has a component or foundation element that anchors the wind turbine in the seabed.
  • a mast is placed, which protrudes high from the water surface.
  • a nacelle is usually placed, which essentially has a generator, a bearing unit for a rotor and the rotor itself.
  • Today's planned offshore wind turbines project out of the water to over 150 m and are to be installed in water depths of up to 60 m.
  • the invention the technical problem of providing a method of the type mentioned above, which minimizes the environmental impact, reduces the geological dependencies and at the same time overcomes the existing limitations on the size of the wind turbines and thus the sustainability of the foundation structures.
  • the invention teaches a method for producing a foundation for an offshore installation, in particular for an offshore wind turbine, wherein a component in the form of a tubular hollow body is lowered with its lower end to the seabed,
  • the component is subjected to vibration energy by means of a vibration device mounted in its upper region or at its upper end, wherein during the introduction of the component in the gap or annular gap between the component and the adjacent seabed or mountains backfill material is introduced, preferably continuously introduced and wherein the device is fixed after reaching its final depth.
  • a vibration device mounted in its upper region or at its upper end, wherein during the introduction of the component in the gap or annular gap between the component and the adjacent seabed or mountains backfill material is introduced, preferably continuously introduced and wherein the device is fixed after reaching its final depth.
  • the component can then be used even as a foundation element or foundation body or serve as an anchoring element of such. But it can also serve as a lost formwork for the production of a cavity in which subsequently the foundation body (monopile, tripod, etc.) is positioned and anchored.
  • the component is a tubular hollow body made of steel or concrete. Concrete here includes various reinforcement types of reinforcing steel, high-strength reinforcing steel, prestressing steel, steel fibers, synthetic fibers and combinations thereof as well as composite steel structures.
  • the component or the hollow body is cylindrical and preferably also the cavity in the component is cylindrical. It is also within the scope of the invention that extends the cavity, preferably the cylindrical cavity over the entire length of the component or over the entire length of the hollow body.
  • a vibration device used according to the invention is fixed in the upper region or at the upper end of the hollow body and by means of the vibration device, the hollow body can be acted upon with vibration energy. As a result, the hollow body is as it were vibrated into the ground or in the ground.
  • the invention is based on the finding that due to the combination of the use of a vibration device with the filling of the gap or annular gap a surprisingly simple and precise
  • the method according to the invention is very well suited for the introduction of foundation elements for jackets.
  • a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that a borehole is bored in the seabed at the lower end of the component with a drilling device and that the component is lowered in the borehole in accordance with the drilling progress.
  • the introduction of the component in the seabed is supported on the one hand by the application of vibration to the device by means of the vibration device and on the other hand by drilling in the seabed by means of the drilling device.
  • a filling material is introduced during the drilling progress between the component and the borehole wall, preferably introduced continuously.
  • the component is fixed in the borehole after reaching its final depth.
  • seabed so also means, for example, the bottom of a lake or a river.
  • the component of a substantially horizontal transport position in a vertical position or in a substantially vertical position is transferred and that the component or the hollow body is held by means of a manipulation device in the vertical or in the substantially vertical position.
  • the fact that the component is held in a vertical or in a substantially vertical position with the aid of the manipulation means that the longitudinal axis of the component or of the tubular hollow body is oriented vertically or substantially vertically.
  • a displacement device is used for the installation or for the anchoring of the component.
  • the transfer device may in particular be a jack-up or a ship. It is within the scope of the invention that the component is transferred into a vertical position or in a substantially vertical position, preferably with a lifting device, which is preferably arranged or fixed on or on the transfer device. Empfohlene Congress Incidentally, the transfer device is supported and positioned with lifting legs on the seabed. It is within the scope of the invention that the component is fixed or clamped in its vertical position or substantially vertical position by the manipulation device and is held in the vertical position or in the substantially vertical position. Conveniently, the manipulation device is connected or fixed to the transfer device.
  • the component is held in its upper half in relation to its height h preferably in the upper quarter of the manipulation device.
  • the manipulation device expediently has a clamping device with clamping elements, between which the component is clamped. This may be a clamp clamp construction. It is within the scope of the invention that the component is guided or held with the manipulation device with respect to its vertical and horizontal position.
  • the component is first clamped in the manipulation device and then moved by means of the manipulation device and the lifting device in the direction of the seabed.
  • the component is then released from the manipulation device so that it can sink under its own weight on the seabed or can sink into the seabed under its own weight.
  • the vibration device is fixed in the upper region or at the upper end of the component.
  • a drilling device is expediently installed in advance at the lower end of the component.
  • the manipulation device when lowering the component, the component is held in position, tracked in the direction of the seabed.
  • the manipulation device is expediently guided vertically downwards on at least one guide rail of the transfer device.
  • the tracking is preferably carried out until the device has reached its final depth in the seabed.
  • a very preferred embodiment of the invention is characterized in that it is drilled intermittently with the drilling device and that between the individual drilling operations, the vibration device according to the invention for Use comes.
  • the hollow body is first vibrated or vibrated with the vibrator a certain distance down into the ground, with soil material penetrates from below into the cavity of the hollow body in the rule.
  • the vibration device is preferably switched off and the drilling device activated, so that initially only the soil located in the interior of the hollow body is broken down and conveyed. There is still the possibility to decompose and promote even below the actual hollow body soil.
  • the hollow body is lowered cyclically after each drilling stroke or continuously with the drilling progress in the well or deposited on the bottom of the wellbore.
  • the drilling device is switched off and in turn the vibration device activated, etc.
  • the component is preferably guided or held by the manipulation device.
  • EmpfohleneIER moreover, the soil material dissolved during the drilling operation is carried away upwards through the cavity of the component or the hollow body.
  • the drilling device is received in the cavity of the component or of the hollow body.
  • the drilling device is inserted into the cavity of the device and positioned when the device has been deposited on the seabed or sunken into the seabed.
  • at least the drill drive of the drilling device and optionally cable feeds for this drill drive are arranged in the cavity of the component.
  • the auger drive may be a hydraulic or electromotive auger drive.
  • the drill drive is fixed in the cavity of the component. It is within the scope of the invention that arranged in the cavity of the component cable feeds allow the control of the drilling device from a control station on the transfer device.
  • the method according to the invention is drilled in the drilling process in the full-cut method.
  • an installed at the lower end of the component cutting wheel is preferably provided.
  • the rotating cutting wheel loosens the soil in the borehole and expediently feeds the dissolved soil material to a conveying device.
  • a rotating cutting roller is preferably used with trimming from mining tools, which is preferably mounted on a three-dimensionally movable arm.
  • the dissolved soil material is also supplied in this embodiment of the method according to the invention of the cutting roller of a conveyor.
  • a further embodiment of the method according to the invention is characterized in that it uses a component which has a cutting edge at its lower front end.
  • this cutting edge runs over the entire circumference of the component or of the hollow body.
  • the wall of the component or the tubular hollow body runs down towards pointed down.
  • the lower cutting edge of the hollow body in combination with the vibration device according to the invention. Due to this cutting edge, the hollow body can be particularly effectively shake or vibrate into the ground.
  • the borehole wall is expediently hydraulically supported and lubricated, in particular by a fluid medium present in the borehole or in the cavity of the component.
  • This fluid medium is expediently a liquid in the form of seawater or in the form of a suspension.
  • the use of special suspensions or support suspensions based on polymer or bentonite or hydraulically setting materials is possible if necessary.
  • the hydraulic support and lubrication is realized by liquid with a higher liquid pressure compared to the sea level. As a result, the liquid penetrates into the intermediate space between the bottom or borehole wall and the outer surface of the hollow body. This gap or annular gap can be generated as planned by drilling with overcut or arise due to the drilling and vibration process.
  • This hydraulic support or by the pressure generated thereby a collapse of the borehole walls is prevented.
  • thereby adhering parts of the surrounding soil is avoided on the outer surface of the hollow body, whereby the o.g. Effect of lubrication is achieved.
  • a possible embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the annular gap is filled during the drilling process with a non-hardening or non-setting filling material and that the annular gap at the end of the drilling operation and / or after completion of the drilling operation with displacement of the non-hardening or non-setting Filling material is filled or pressed with a hardening or binding filling material.
  • the non-hardening backfill material may preferably be a bentonite suspension.
  • a hardening or binding filling material is advantageously a hydraulically setting Filling material used. It is within the scope of the invention that the non-hardening or non-setting filling material is removed again from the annular gap after reaching the final depth of the component.
  • the hardening or setting backfilling material for example a mortar-is preferably pressed into the annular gap from below through the cavity of the component, so that the non-hardening or non-setting filling material is displaced upward and exits at the upper end of the annular gap.
  • the non-hardening or non-setting backfill - for example, a Bentonitsuspension - catch at the upper end of the annular gap with the help of a collecting ring, so that the material does not get into the seawater.
  • the annular gap is filled or pressed during the drilling process with a hardening or setting filling material.
  • a hardening or setting filling material is a hydraulically setting filling material.
  • a corresponding special filling material can be used. It is also possible to apply a corresponding coating on the outer surface of the component. Vibrating the component according to the invention contributes to ensuring sufficient mobility of the component relative to the filling material.
  • a hardening mortar or annular gap mortar is used as filling material for the annular gap.
  • Another embodiment of the method according to the invention is characterized in that the hardening or setting backfilling material over lateral openings in the wall of the component is introduced.
  • the pressing can be done in case of need with high pressure, so that the backfill material penetrates beyond the annular gap in the adjacent soil or the adjacent mountains where it forms branched, filled with hardening filling material channels.
  • This pressing under high pressure can be made even after introducing a hardening filling material, or be made repeatedly, in which case the existing in the annular gap, hardened backfill material is partially broken and is penetrated by the newly pressed backfill material, that then also further into the ground penetrates and there forms the ramifications described above. In this way, an optimal toothing of the component with the ground and an improvement of the same and thus an overall improved load capacity results.
  • the component is additionally fixed by means of injection anchors, which are driven through openings in the tubular hollow body in the surrounding soil.
  • injection anchors which are driven through openings in the tubular hollow body in the surrounding soil.
  • These anchoring anchors ensure better anchoring or toothing of the component in the surrounding soil.
  • it is biased ground anchors.
  • At least a part of the components of the drilling device is dismantled.
  • at least the drill drive is removed again from the cavity of the component and preferably also the drill head or the drilling tools. A complete dismantling of the components of the drilling device is recommended.
  • the invention is based on the finding that a simple and effective introduction of components or foundation elements into the substrate is possible with the method according to the invention. In this case, the environmental pollution and in particular undesired noise emissions can be surprisingly remarkably minimized compared to measures known from practice.
  • the invention is further based on the finding that above all the combination of vibration on the one hand and pressing on the other hand has considerable importance. In particular, low weight components, such as jackets for jackets, can be easily and effectively introduced into the ground using the method.
  • the process according to the invention is largely independent of local geological conditions.
  • the foundation produced by the method is characterized by a surprisingly high load-bearing capacity, while reducing the masses and weights of the components to be installed in one work step. This overcomes the existing restrictions on the size of offshore installations.
  • the method according to the invention operates with relatively simple and inexpensive measures and can thus be realized relatively inexpensively.
  • the figures illustrate the inventive method for producing a foundation for an offshore installation, in the embodiment according to the figures for an offshore wind turbine.
  • the component 1 is transferred with the lifting device 7 from the transport position to a vertical position.
  • the component 1 located in the vertical position is then clamped in a manipulation device 8 of the lifting island 4.
  • a preferred embodiment of the manipulation device 8 according to the invention is shown.
  • the manipulation device 8 has a tension clamp construction with tension clamps 9 for clamping the component 1.
  • the component 1 has a circular cross-section and is thus cylindrical.
  • the clamping of the component 1 in the manipulation device 8 is preferably and in the embodiment ( FIG. 1 ) at the upper end of the component 1.
  • the FIG. 2 shows the second phase of the method according to the invention.
  • the component 1 is guided with the at least one guide rail 10 of the lifting island 4 vertically movable manipulation device 8 to the seabed 3.
  • the lower end of the component 1 is placed on the seabed 3.
  • the component 1 can be released in the manipulation device 8 with the proviso that the component 1 sinks vertically downward under its own weight to the seabed 3 and possibly sinks into the seabed 3.
  • a drilling device 12 can be arranged inside the component 1 and a vibration device 27 is fixed at the upper end of the component 1.
  • the vibration device 27 and the drilling device 12 are preferably activated alternately. Thus, it takes place alternately vibrating the component 1 in the seabed 3 and drilling the wellbore 11 instead.
  • a preferred embodiment of the drilling device 12 is otherwise in the FIG. 6 shown schematically. This will be discussed below.
  • the borehole 11 is drilled in the drilling phases successively in accordance with the diameter of the component 1 in the seabed 3.
  • the component 1 is tracked with the help of the guide rail 10 vertically movable manipulation device 8.
  • the component 1 is expediently guided or held by the manipulation device 8 both with respect to the horizontal direction and with respect to the vertical direction.
  • the final depth of the component 1 has already been reached and the manipulation device 8 is still connected at the upper end of the component 1 in this phase.
  • the guide rail 10 is moved with the arranged at the lower end of the guide rail 10 manipulation device 8 upwards.
  • the bore 11 is otherwise drilled with overcut, so that the diameter of the well 11 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the component 1.
  • the resulting annular gap 13 between the component 1 and the borehole wall is according to a preferred embodiment of the invention with a hardening mortar or annular gap mortar pressed, which hardens after completion of the drilling process.
  • FIG. 6 illustrates a possible embodiment of the method according to the invention.
  • the majority of the components of the drilling device 12 is received in the cavity 20 of the component 1.
  • the drill drive 21 of the drilling device 12 is arranged in this cavity 20.
  • Only the drill head 22 protrudes from the lower end of the component 1 in the borehole 11.
  • the drill head 22 may here have a not-shown cutting wheel for drilling in the full-cut method. Due to the rotating cutting wheel soil material is dissolved in the borehole 11 and then discharged.
  • Another non-illustrated embodiment of the method according to the invention provides the soil degradation in the partial section method.
  • the mining process is carried out with a rotating on a movable arm and equipped with removal tools cutting / -Schrämwalze. According to a particularly preferred embodiment and suitable for both previously described process variants, the soil material dissolved during the drilling process becomes discharged through the cavity 20 of the component 1 upwards.
  • the corresponding delivery line 23 shown schematically.
  • FIG. 6 further shows that the cavity 20 of the device 1 is filled with liquid 24.
  • the liquid 24 fills the cavity 20 with a liquid level that is elevated in comparison with the sea level 25.
  • the walls of the wellbore 11 are hydraulically supported to prevent collapse of the borehole walls.
  • the soil material dissolved during drilling can be conveyed off hydraulically via the delivery line 23, preferably within the framework of a FIG. 6 not shown hydraulic delivery circuit.
  • the entire drilling device 12 is dismantled with delivery line 23 or removed from the component 1 via the cavity 20.
  • the liquid 24 may be a support suspension.
  • the remaining in the annular gap 13 between the component 1 and the borehole wall support suspension is removed, unless it is curing (1-phase solution).
  • preferred mortar via the cavity 20 of the device 1 is pressed from below into the annular gap 13.
  • the support suspension based on bentonite is then displaced upwards and preferably collected and removed with a collecting ring 26 arranged above the annular gap 13.
  • the mortar hardens in the annular gap 13 and fixes the component 1 in its position.
  • the lower end face of the component 1 has a cutting edge 28, which rotates preferably over the circumference of the component 1 and in the exemplary embodiment.
  • This cutting edge 28 is helpful in particular in the phases in which the component 1 is vibrated or vibrated with the vibration device 27.
  • Fig. 6 and 7 show further that preferred and in the embodiment of the provided with the cutting edge 28 lower portion 29 of the component 1 has a larger outer diameter than the upper portion of the component 1. That contributes advantageously to a well 11 can be generated with overcut , - In the Fig. 7 (enlarged detail from Fig. 6 In addition, other components are recognizable, for the sake of clarity in Fig. 6 not drawn.
  • injection lines 30 can be seen with which a filling material 14, in particular an annular gap mortar, can be pressed into the annular gap 13.
  • openings 31 are arranged distributed over the circumference of the wall of the component 1. At these openings 31 close Verpresstechnischen 32, which connect the openings 31 with a pressing device, not shown.
  • a filling material 14 -preferably an annular gap mortar-under high pressure-the annular gap 13 or the filling material arranged therein-can be pressed into the seabed 3. This results in anchoring channels 33, which ensure an effective anchoring of the component 1 in the seabed.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)
EP12163981.9A 2012-04-12 2012-04-12 Procédé de fabrication d'une fondation pour une installation offshore Active EP2650446B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK12163981.9T DK2650446T3 (da) 2012-04-12 2012-04-12 Fremgangsmåde til fremstilling af et fundament til et offshore-anlæg
PL12163981T PL2650446T3 (pl) 2012-04-12 2012-04-12 Sposób wykonania posadowienia do instalacji morskiej
EP12163981.9A EP2650446B1 (fr) 2012-04-12 2012-04-12 Procédé de fabrication d'une fondation pour une installation offshore

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12163981.9A EP2650446B1 (fr) 2012-04-12 2012-04-12 Procédé de fabrication d'une fondation pour une installation offshore

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2650446A1 true EP2650446A1 (fr) 2013-10-16
EP2650446B1 EP2650446B1 (fr) 2014-06-18

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EP12163981.9A Active EP2650446B1 (fr) 2012-04-12 2012-04-12 Procédé de fabrication d'une fondation pour une installation offshore

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EP (1) EP2650446B1 (fr)
DK (1) DK2650446T3 (fr)
PL (1) PL2650446T3 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102014007359A1 (de) 2014-05-21 2015-11-26 Herrenknecht Ag System und Verfahren zum Erstellen einer Gründung für ein Bauwerk im Wasser
FR3084380A1 (fr) * 2018-07-30 2020-01-31 Saipem S.A. Procede d'installation d'un pieu metallique tubulaire dans un sol rocheux
WO2020062940A1 (fr) 2018-09-25 2020-04-02 高永光 Procédé de consolidation d'injection de coulis pour pieu préfabriqué de guidage de trou de forage de coffrage complet et pieu préfabriqué pour celui-ci
WO2023173687A1 (fr) * 2022-03-17 2023-09-21 中交第三航务工程局有限公司江苏分公司 Procédé de montage pour composant préfabriqué de type fente d'un quai préfabriqué sur pieux élevés
EP4339376A1 (fr) * 2022-09-16 2024-03-20 BAUER Spezialtiefbau GmbH Procédé de formation d'un pieu de fondation dans le sol

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL6514594A (fr) * 1964-12-21 1966-06-22
WO2006076873A1 (fr) * 2004-12-06 2006-07-27 Bard Engineering Gmbh Dispositif et procede pour positionner au moins deux pieux de fondation sur le fond d'une masse d'eau

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL6514594A (fr) * 1964-12-21 1966-06-22
WO2006076873A1 (fr) * 2004-12-06 2006-07-27 Bard Engineering Gmbh Dispositif et procede pour positionner au moins deux pieux de fondation sur le fond d'une masse d'eau

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102014007359A1 (de) 2014-05-21 2015-11-26 Herrenknecht Ag System und Verfahren zum Erstellen einer Gründung für ein Bauwerk im Wasser
FR3084380A1 (fr) * 2018-07-30 2020-01-31 Saipem S.A. Procede d'installation d'un pieu metallique tubulaire dans un sol rocheux
WO2020025864A1 (fr) * 2018-07-30 2020-02-06 Saipem S.A. Procede d'installation d'un pieu metallique tubulaire dans un sol rocheux
JP2021530634A (ja) * 2018-07-30 2021-11-11 サイペム エス.アー.SAIPEM s.a. 岩地に管状の金属パイルを設置する方法
US11603639B2 (en) 2018-07-30 2023-03-14 Saipem S.A. Method for installing a tubular metal pile in rocky soil
WO2020062940A1 (fr) 2018-09-25 2020-04-02 高永光 Procédé de consolidation d'injection de coulis pour pieu préfabriqué de guidage de trou de forage de coffrage complet et pieu préfabriqué pour celui-ci
WO2023173687A1 (fr) * 2022-03-17 2023-09-21 中交第三航务工程局有限公司江苏分公司 Procédé de montage pour composant préfabriqué de type fente d'un quai préfabriqué sur pieux élevés
EP4339376A1 (fr) * 2022-09-16 2024-03-20 BAUER Spezialtiefbau GmbH Procédé de formation d'un pieu de fondation dans le sol
WO2024056237A1 (fr) * 2022-09-16 2024-03-21 Bauer Spezialtiefbau Gmbh Procédé de formation d'un pieu de fondation dans le sol

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2650446B1 (fr) 2014-06-18
PL2650446T3 (pl) 2015-03-31
DK2650446T3 (da) 2014-09-22

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