TWI787184B - 用於自半導體基板去除光阻或光阻殘餘物之剝離組成物及使用其之方法 - Google Patents
用於自半導體基板去除光阻或光阻殘餘物之剝離組成物及使用其之方法 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI787184B TWI787184B TW106116911A TW106116911A TWI787184B TW I787184 B TWI787184 B TW I787184B TW 106116911 A TW106116911 A TW 106116911A TW 106116911 A TW106116911 A TW 106116911A TW I787184 B TWI787184 B TW I787184B
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- QVOFCQBZXGLNAA-UHFFFAOYSA-M tributyl(methyl)azanium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CCCC[N+](C)(CCCC)CCCC QVOFCQBZXGLNAA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000013337 tricalcium citrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GRNRCQKEBXQLAA-UHFFFAOYSA-M triethyl(2-hydroxyethyl)azanium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CC[N+](CC)(CC)CCO GRNRCQKEBXQLAA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- DWBDUFAECGEQOS-UHFFFAOYSA-M triethyl(3-hydroxypropyl)azanium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CC[N+](CC)(CC)CCCO DWBDUFAECGEQOS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JLGLQAWTXXGVEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol monomethyl ether Chemical compound COCCOCCOCCO JLGLQAWTXXGVEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HADKRTWCOYPCPH-UHFFFAOYSA-M trimethylphenylammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].C[N+](C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 HADKRTWCOYPCPH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本揭露內容係有關於組成物,其含有1)至少一水溶性極性非質子性有機溶劑;2)至少一氫氧化四級銨;3)含有至少三個羥基基團的至少一化合物;4)至少一羧酸;5)至少一第II族金屬陽離子;6)選自於6-經取代的-2,4-二胺基-1,3,5-三
Description
發明領域
相關申請案之交叉引述
此申請案主張2016年5月23日提申之美國臨時專利臨時申請案第62/340,204號之優先權,其在此以其等整體併入以作為參考資料。
本揭露內容一般而言係有關於用於自半導體基板去除光阻(譬如,正或負光阻)或光阻殘餘物之新穎的剝離組成物。明確地說,本揭露內容係有關於可用於在蝕刻或電漿灰化製程之後去除光阻或光阻殘餘物的鹼性組成物。
發明背景
在積體電路的製造中,用於將半導體元件,例如IC晶片與微機電系統(MEMS)藉由已沉積在晶片墊上的銲點凸塊互連至外部電路的覆晶製程,習知為控制塌陷高度晶片
連接(C4)製程,現已變得相當完善。厚負型光阻經常應用於覆晶或C4製程期間,且用於厚負型光阻的市購光阻剝離調配物主要為以DMSO(二甲亞碸)或NMP(N-甲基吡咯啶酮)加上TMAH(四甲基氫氧化銨)為基底的調配物。然而,那些用於厚負型阻劑的市購光阻剝離調配物可能展現出阻劑剝離能力不足、較短的槽液壽命或與金屬基板及凸塊組成物的較差相容性的問題。此外,可能發生由溶解的光阻或溶解的光阻內之界面活性劑所產生起泡問題。
發明概要
本揭露內容說明適合於含有凸塊及金屬化材料(諸如SnAg、CuNiSn、CuCoCu、CoSn、Ni、Cu、Al、W、Sn、Co等等)之元件的阻劑剝離組成物之開發。本發明人意外地發現能藉由使用本揭露內容的組成物,而達成有效地剝離厚正或負型阻劑的能力,以及其對凸塊及底層金屬化材料(諸如SnAg、CuNiSn、CuCoCu、CoSn、Ni、Cu、Al、W、Sn、Co等等)是非腐蝕性的。更確切地,已經發現本揭露內容的組成物於抑止Cu及Al蝕刻同時維持優良的剝離及清潔性能是有效的。此外,本揭露內容的組成物展現出廣泛的材料相容性且能有效地控制剝離製程期間的起泡問題。
於一些具體例中,本揭露內容特徵是一種光阻剝離組成物,其包括1)至少一水溶性極性非質子性有機溶劑;
2)至少一氫氧化四級銨;3)含有至少三個羥基基團的至少一化合物;4)至少一羧酸;5)至少一第II族金屬陽離子;6)選自於6-經取代的-2,4-二胺基-1,3,5-三所構成的群組之至少一銅腐蝕抑制劑;以及7)水。
於一些具體例中,本揭露內容係關於一種光阻剝離方法,其包括使含有一光阻或一光阻殘餘物的一種半導體基板與本揭露內容的一種光阻剝離組成物接觸,以去除該光阻或光阻殘餘物。於一些具體例中,該剝離方法進一步包括自以上所述的方法所獲得的該半導體基板形成一種半導體裝置(諸如,一種積體電路裝置如一種半導體晶片)。
較佳實施例之詳細說明
定義
如本文所定義,除另有註明外,所表示的全部百分比應理解為以剝離組成物的總重量計的重量百分比。除另有註明外,周圍溫度係定義為介於約16與約27攝氏度(℃)之間。
如本文所定義,一種「水溶性」物質(譬如,水溶性醇、酮、酯、醚等等)係指在25℃水中具有至少5重量%的溶解度的物質。
如本文所使用,術語「極性非質子溶劑」係指缺乏酸性質子且具有相對高偶極矩(譬如,至少2.7)的一溶劑。
如本文所定義,「第II族金屬陽離子」係指在週期表中第II族的金屬陽離子。
互變異構作用在本文係定義為伴隨單鍵與鄰近雙鍵互換的氫原子或質子的形式上的遷移。由於三唑環系統的互變異構活化能較低,故所提及、說明或主張的三唑化合物亦包括該三唑化合物的互變異構體。
如本文所定義,術語「三唑」不包括稠合(annelated)三唑,例如苯并三唑或萘三唑或其等的衍生物。雖然本揭露內容的三唑可具有環狀取代基,但該取代基係接附至該環的僅只一個碳。
於一些具體例中,本揭露內容係關於一種光阻剝離組成物,其包括1)至少一水溶性極性非質子性溶劑;2)至少一氫氧化四級銨;3)含有至少三個羥基基團的至少一化合物;4)至少一羧酸;5)至少一第II族金屬陽離子;6)選自於6-經取代的-2,4-二胺基-1,3,5-三所構成的群組之至少一銅腐蝕抑制劑;以及7)水。
於一些具體例中,本揭露內容的剝離組成
物含有至少一水溶性極性非質子性有機溶劑。該水溶性極性非質子性有機溶劑可以為一種水溶性溶劑或呈任何比例的水溶性溶劑之混合物。適宜用於本揭露內容的此類溶劑的例子包括,但不限於,二甲亞碸、環丁碸、二甲碸、N,N-二甲基甲醯胺、N,N-二甲基乙醯胺、N-甲基吡咯啶酮、γ-丁內酯、碳酸丙烯酯、1,3-二甲基-2-咪唑啶酮以及其等的混合物。於一些具體例中,該水溶性極性非質子性有機溶劑為二甲亞碸、環丁碸、γ-丁內酯或N-甲基吡咯啶酮。
於一些具體例中,本揭露內容的組成物含有至少約30重量%(譬如,至少約40重量%、至少約50重量%或至少約60重量%)及/或最多約90重量%(譬如,最多約85重量%、最多約80重量%或最多約75重量%)的量之該至少一種水溶性極性非質子性有機溶劑。
選擇性地,本揭露內容的剝離組成物含有至少一醇類溶劑,例如一水溶性醇類溶劑。水溶性醇類溶劑的種類包括,但不限於,烷二醇(包括,但不限於,伸烷二醇(alkylene glycols))、二醇、烷氧基醇(包括但不限於二醇單醚)、飽和脂族一元醇、不飽和的非芳香族一元醇、含有一環結構的醇(譬如,低分子量醇)以及其等的混合物。該剝離組成物可包括一醇類溶劑或呈任何比例的醇類溶劑的混合物。於一些具體例中,本揭露內容的組成物不含至少一醇類溶劑。
水溶性烷二醇的例子包括,但不限於,2-
甲基-1,3-丙二醇、1,3-丙二醇、2,2-二甲基-1,3-二醇、1,4-丁二醇、1,3-丁二醇、1,2-丁二醇、2,3-丁二醇、品納可(pinacol)以及伸烷二醇。
水溶性伸烷二醇的例子包括,但不限於,乙二醇、丙二醇、己二醇、二乙二醇、二丙二醇、三乙二醇及四乙二醇。
水溶性烷氧基醇的例子包括,但不限於,3-甲氧基-3-甲基-1-丁醇、3-甲氧基-1-丁醇、1-甲氧基-2-丁醇以及水溶性二醇單醚。
水溶性二醇單醚的例子包括,但不限於,乙二醇單甲醚、乙二醇單乙醚、乙二醇單正丙醚、乙二醇單異丙醚、乙二醇單正丁醚、二乙二醇單甲醚、二乙二醇單乙醚、二乙二醇單丁醚、三乙二醇單甲醚、三乙二醇單乙醚、三乙二醇單丁醚、1-甲氧基-2-丙醇、2-甲氧基-1-丙醇、1-乙氧基-2-丙醇、2-乙氧基-1-丙醇、丙二醇單正丙醚、二丙二醇單甲醚、二丙二醇單乙醚、二丙二醇單正丙醚、三丙二醇單乙醚、三丙二醇單甲醚、乙二醇單苄醚以及二乙二醇單苄醚。
水溶性飽和脂族一元醇的例子包括,但不限於,甲醇、乙醇、正丙醇、異丙醇、1-丁醇、2-丁醇、異丁醇、三級丁醇、2-戊醇、t-戊醇以及1-己醇。
水溶性不飽和非芳香族一元醇的例子包括,但不限於,烯丙醇、炔丙醇、2-丁烯醇、3-丁烯醇以及4-戊烯-2-醇。
含有環結構之水溶性、低分子量醇的例子包括,但不限於,四氫呋喃醇、呋喃醇以及1,3-環戊二醇。
於一些具體例中,該水溶性醇類溶劑為烷氧基醇、四氫呋喃醇以及水溶性烷二醇。在一些具體例中,該水溶性醇類溶劑為3-甲氧基-3-甲基-1-丁醇、3-甲氧基-1-丁醇、1-甲氧基-2-丁醇、水溶性二醇單醚、水溶性伸烷二醇以及四氫呋喃醇。於一些具體例中,該水溶性醇類溶劑為3-甲氧基-3-甲基-1-丁醇、二乙二醇單甲醚、二乙二醇單乙醚、乙二醇單正丁醚、丙二醇、己二醇以及四氫呋喃醇。
於一些具體例中,當本文所述的光阻剝離方法採用本文所述之經加熱的光阻剝離組成物時,為安全性考量,該水溶性醇可具有大於110℃的沸點。
於一些具體例中,本揭露內容的剝離組成物含有至少約5重量%(譬如,至少約7重量%、至少約10重量%或至少約12重量%)及/或最多約60重量%(譬如,最多約45重量%、最多約35重量%或最多約25重量%)的量之至少一醇類溶劑。
於一些具體例中,本揭露內容的剝離組成物含有至少一氫氧化四級銨。於一些具體例中,較佳的氫氧化四級銨係表示為通式[NR1R2R3R4]+OH的化合物,其中R1、R2、R3及R4獨立地為選擇性地經羥基取代的直鏈、支鏈或環狀烷基基團、經取代或未經取代的苯基基團
或經取代或未經取代的苄基基團(譬如,在其苯基基團上經取代或未經取代的苄基基團)。在苯基基團以及在苄基基團的苯基基團上之取代基可包括鹵素、羥基、烷氧基或烷基。於一些具體例中,該氫氧化四級銨為氫氧化四烷基銨。於一些具體例中,該氫氧化四級銨為氫氧化四烷醇銨。於一些具體例中,該氫氧化四級銨為呈任何比例之二或多種氫氧化四級銨的混合物。
於一些具體例中,較佳的氫氧化四級銨為通式[NR1R2R3R4] +OH的一化合物,其中R1、R2、R3及R4獨立地為一C1-C4烷基基團、一羥基乙基基團、一苯基基團或一苄基基團。
適宜的氫氧化四級銨化合物的例子包括,但不限於,氫氧化四甲銨(TMAH)、氫氧化四乙銨(TEAH)、氫氧化四丙基銨、氫氧化四丁基銨(TBAH)、氫氧化乙基三甲基銨、氫氧化二乙基二甲基銨、氫氧化甲基三丙基銨、氫氧化丁基三甲基銨、氫氧化甲基三丁基銨、氫氧化戊基三甲基銨、(2-羥基乙基)三甲基氫氧化銨(膽鹼)、(2-羥基乙基)三乙基氫氧化銨、(2-羥基乙基)三乙基-氫氧化銨、(3-羥基丙基)三乙基氫氧化銨、參-2-羥基乙基氫氧化銨、氫氧化四乙醇銨、氫氧化苯基三甲基銨、氫氧化苄基三甲基銨以及其等的混合物。
於一些具體例中,該氫氧化四級銨為氫氧化四甲基銨、(2-羥基乙基)三甲基氫氧化銨(膽鹼)、氫氧化苄基三甲基銨、氫氧化四丁基銨或氫氧化四乙醇銨。
於一些具體例中,該氫氧化四級銨為TMAH、TEAH、TBAH、膽鹼或氫氧化四乙醇銨。
於一些具體例中,本揭露內容的剝離組成物含有至少約0.1重量%(譬如,至少約0.5重量%、至少約1重量%或至少約1.5重量%)及/或最多約10重量%(譬如,最多約8重量%、最多約5重量%或最多約3重量%)的量之該至少一氫氧化四級銨。
於一些具體例中,本揭露內容的剝離組成物包括至少一第II族金屬陽離子。適宜的第II族金屬陽離子的例子包括Ca2+、Mg2+、Sr2+以及Ba2+。於一些具體例中,本文所述之剝離組成物可包括至少約5ppm(譬如,至少約7ppm、至少約8ppm或至少約10ppm)及/或最多約40ppm(譬如,最多約35ppm、最多約25ppm、最多約20ppm或最多約15ppm)的量之該第II族金屬陽離子。
不希望受理論的束縛,據信含有經溶解的第II族金屬陽離子(譬如,鈣陽離子)的剝離組成物可顯著減少剝離組成物之Al蝕刻速率,藉此允許該剝離組成物在使用期間抑制Al蝕刻。再者,不希望受理論的束縛,據信,因為第II族金屬化合物一般係不易溶於本文所述之剝離組成物,所以加入能溶解第II族金屬陽離子之試劑(譬如,藉由與第II族金屬陽離子形成錯合物)可顯著增加剝離組成物中經溶解的第II族金屬陽離子的量,藉此改良其等之Al蝕刻抑制能力。
因而,於一些具體例中,本揭露內容的剝離組成物可包括使第II族金屬陽離子於水溶性極性非質子性有機溶劑內之溶解度改良的一種或更多種化合物。此等化合物包括具有至少三個羥基基團的化合物。於一些具體例中,該化合物為糖醇。本揭露內容的組成物預期使用的糖醇包括,但不限於,甘油、山梨醇、甘露醇、赤藻糖醇、阿拉伯糖醇、異麥芽酮糖醇、乳糖醇(lactitol)、麥芽糖醇、木糖醇、蘇糖醇(threitol)、核糖醇、半乳糖醇、艾杜糖醇及肌醇。於一些具體例中,該糖醇為甘油或山梨醇。
於一些具體例中,本揭露內容的剝離組成物能包括約0.1重量%(譬如,至少約0.5重量%、至少約1重量%或至少約1.5重量%)及/或最多約10重量%(譬如,最多約8重量%、最多約5重量%或最多約3重量%)的量之具有至少三個羥基基團的至少一化合物。
於一些具體例中,本揭露內容的剝離組成物亦能包括至少一羧酸。不希望受理論的束縛,據信羧酸與具有至少三個羥基基團的化合物配合能改良第II族金屬陽離子於水溶性極性非質子性有機溶劑內之溶解度。於一些具體例中,本揭露內容的組成物預期使用的至少一羧酸的例子包括,但不限於,單羧酸、二羧酸、三羧酸、單羧酸之單羧酸之α-羥酸及β-羥酸、二羧酸之α-羥酸或β-羥酸或三羧酸之α-羥酸及β-羥酸。於一些具體例中,該至少一羧酸包括檸檬酸、順丁烯二酸、反丁烯二酸、乳酸、乙醇
酸、草酸、酒石酸、琥珀酸或苯甲酸。於一些具體例中,該羧酸為檸檬酸。
於一些具體例中,本文所述之剝離組成物能包括至少約0.1重量%(譬如,至少約0.2重量%、至少約0.3重量%或至少約0.4重量%)及/或最多約1.5重量%(譬如,最多約1.2重量%、最多約0.9重量%或最多約0.6重量%)的量之該至少一羧酸。
本揭露內容的剝離組成物一般含有水。於一些具體例中,該水為去離子以及超純的,不含有機污染物且具有約4百萬至約1千7百萬歐姆的最小電阻率。在一些具體例中,水的電阻率係至少1千7百萬歐姆。
於一些具體例中,本揭露內容的剝離組成物含有至少約2.5重量%(譬如,至少約5重量%、至少約7重量%或至少約10重量%)及/或最多約25重量%(譬如,最多約20重量%、最多約15重量%或最多約12.5重量%)的量的水。
於一些具體例中,本揭露內容的剝離組成物包括至少一銅腐蝕抑制劑,其為6-經取代的-2,4-二胺基-1,3,5-三。在2,4-二胺基-1,3,5-三上的取代基可為一直鏈或支鏈的經取代或未經取代的C1-C12烷基基團(譬如,甲基、己基、-CH2-芳基、CH2OR100、-CH2SR100、-CH2(NR100R101))、一經取代或未經取代的C3-C12環烷基基團(譬如,環己基、甲基環己基或羥基環己基)、一經取代或未經取代的芳基基團(譬如,苯基、甲
氧基苯基或萘基)、-SCH2R100、-N(R100R101)或醯亞胺基(imidyl),其中各個R100與R101獨立地為選擇性地在烷基鏈含有一個氮或氧原子之直鏈或支鏈、經取代或未經取代的C1-C12烷基基團、選擇性地在環烷基環含有一個氮或氧原子之經取代或未經取代的C3-C12環烷基基團、一經取代或未經取代的芳基基團,或R100及R101與其等所接附的原子一起形成一環。在烷基與環烷基基團上的取代基可包括C1-C4烷基、C1-C4烷氧基、羥基以及經取代或未經取代的芳基。在一些具體例中,在芳基基團上的取代基為推電子的(譬如,烷氧基)而非拉電子的(譬如,鹵素)。
適宜的6-經取代的-2,4-二胺基-1,3,5-三的例子包括6-甲基-2,4-二胺基-1,3,5-三;6-苯基-2,4-二胺基-1,3,5-二甲基三;1,3,5-三-2,4-二胺,6-[2-(2-呋喃基)乙基]-;1,3,5-三-2,4-二胺,6-[(六氫-1-甲基吡咯并[3,4-c]吡咯-2(1H)-基)甲基]-;1,3,5-三-2,4-二胺,6-[[(3-胺基丁基)硫基]甲基]-;1,3,5-三-2,4-二胺,6-(4,4-二氟環己基)-;1,3,5-三-2,4-二胺,6-[(3-氯苯基)甲基]-;1,3,5-三-2,4-二胺,6-[(苯基硫基)甲基]-;1,3,5-三-2,4-二胺、6-[(四氫-2H-吡喃-2-基)甲基]-;2-(4,6-二胺基-1,3,5-三-2-基)-4-氟-酚;1,3,5-三-2,4-二胺,6-(1-乙基環戊基)-;1,3,5-三-2,4-二胺,6-[[4-(二苯基甲基)-1-哌基]甲基]-;9-吖啶羧酸,1,2,3,4-四氫-4-[(4-甲氧基苯基)亞甲基]-、(4,6-二胺基-1,3,5-三-2-基)甲酯;1H-苯并[去]異喹啉
-1,3(2H)-二酮,2-[[(4,6-二胺基-1,3,5-三-2-基)胺基]甲基]-;9-吖啶羧酸,2-(1,1-二甲基丙基)-1,2,3,4-四氫-,(4,6-二胺基-1,3,5-三-2-基)甲酯;1,3,5-三-2,4,6-三胺,N2-[2-[(7-氯-4-喹啉基)胺基]乙基]-;1,3,5-三-2,4-二胺,6-[[4-(1-甲基乙基)苯氧基]甲基]-;1,3,5-三-2,4-二胺,6-[[3-(三氟甲基)苯氧基]甲基]-;1,3,5-三-2,4-二胺,6-[[(四氫-2H-吡喃-2-基)甲基]硫基]-;N-環己基-2-[(4,6-二胺基-1,3,5-三-2-基)硫基]-丙醯胺;3-氯-4-[(4,6-二胺基-1,3,5-三-2-基)甲氧基]-5-甲氧基-苯甲腈;苯乙酸,3-甲氧基-,(4,6-二胺基-1,3,5-三-2-基)甲酯;1,3,5-三-2,4-二胺,6-[3-(1-吡咯啶基)苯基]-;1,3,5-三-2-辛腈,4,6-二胺基-;s-三-2-丁腈,4,6-二胺基-;1,3,5-三-2-丙酸,4,6-二胺基-;1,3,5-三-2-甲硫醇,4,6-二胺基-;苯甲醯胺,N-(4,6-二胺基-1,3,5-三-2-基)-4-羥基-;以及1,3,5-三-2,4-二胺,6-[(甲基硫基)甲基]-。
於一些具體例中,本揭露內容的剝離組成物含有至少約0.01重量%(譬如,至少約0.05重量%、至少約0.1重量%或至少約0.5重量%)及/或最多約10重量%(譬如,最多約7重量%、最多約5重量%或最多約2重量%)的至少一銅腐蝕抑制劑。
本揭露內容的剝離組成物選擇性地包括一種消泡界面活性劑。適宜的消泡界面活性劑的例子包括聚矽氧烷(譬如,聚二甲基矽氧烷)、聚乙二醇甲醚聚合物、
環氧乙烷/環氧丙烷共聚物、四甲基癸炔二醇以及環氧丙基醚封端的乙炔二醇乙氧基化物(如美國專利第6717019號中所述,其在此係併入以作為參考資料)。商用的消泡界面活性劑的例子包括Surfynol 440、Surfynol 104、Surfynol MD-20、Troysol S366、Coastal 1017F、Aldo LF、Dow DB-100以及Dow DSP。在一些具體例中,消泡界面活性劑為Surfynol MD-20、Surfynol 104以及Troysol S366。於一些具體例中,本揭露內容的組成物不含一種消泡界面活性劑。
於一些具體例中,本揭露內容的剝離組成物含有至少約0.01重量%(譬如,至少約0.03重量%、至少約0.05重量%或至少約0.1重量%)及/或最多約3重量%(譬如,最多約2重量%、最多約1重量%或最多約0.5重量%)的量之該至少一種消泡界面活性劑。
此外,於一些具體例中,本揭露內容的剝離組成物能含有額外的添加劑,例如pH調節劑(例如有機酸、無機酸及有機鹼)、腐蝕抑制劑、螯合劑、界面活性劑、有機溶劑(譬如乙二醇二醚)以及除生物劑,作為選擇性的組分。
於一些具體例中,本揭露內容的剝離組成物可明確地以任何組合排除下列組分的一或多者,假使超過一者。此類組分係選自於下列所構成的群組:去氧劑、醯胺肟、氧化劑(譬如,過氧化物、氧合氨(oxoammonium)化合物、無機氧化劑以及過酸)、磨料
(諸如,矽石或氧化鋁)、含氟化合物、鹼金族與鹼土族鹼(例如NaOH、KOH、氫氧化鎂、氫氧化鈣以及LiOH)、金屬鹵化物化合物、次膦酸、四氫呋喃醇、乙二醇、呋喃醇、甘油、醣類、芳醚、N-羥基甲醯胺、烷醇胺、N-烷基烷醇胺、磺酸化聚合物、金屬磺酸鹽、羥基胺、2-胺基苯并噻唑、硫基苯并三唑、磺酸化聚酯、尿素化合物、矽酸鹽鹼、矽烷、矽化合物、消泡界面活性劑以外的界面活性劑、吡咯啶酮(pyrolidone)、具立體阻礙的醯胺溶劑例如1,3-二甲基-2-哌啶酮及1,5-二甲基-2-哌啶酮、DMSO或二甲碸以外的硫化合物或含有含硫取代基的三唑化合物、四唑鎓鹽、硼酸與硼酸衍生物、苯并咪唑、不含三唑的酚類化合物、螯合劑以及本揭露內容所述之Cu或Al腐蝕抑制劑以外的腐蝕抑制劑。
於一些具體例中,本揭露內容的剝離組成物含有、由下列構成、或基本上由下列構成:至少約30重量%(譬如,至少約40重量%、至少約50重量%或至少約60重量%)及/或最多約90重量%(譬如,最多約85重量%、最多約80重量%或最多約75重量%)的至少一水溶性極性非質子性溶劑;選擇性地,至少約5重量%(譬如,至少約7重量%、至少約10重量%或至少約12重量%)及/或最多約60重量%(譬如,最多約45重量%、最多約35重量%或最多約25重量%)的至少一醇類溶劑;至少約0.1重量%(譬如,至少約0.5重量%、至少約1重量%或至少約1.5重量%)及/或最多約10重量%(譬如,最多約8重量%、最
多約5重量%或最多約3重量%)的至少一氫氧化四級銨;至少約2.5重量%(譬如,至少約5重量%、至少約7重量%或至少約10重量%)及/或最多約25重量%(譬如,最多約20重量%、最多約15重量%或最多約12.5重量%)的水;至少約0.01重量%(譬如,至少約0.05重量%、至少約0.1重量%或至少約0.5重量%)及/或最多約10重量%(譬如,最多約7重量%、最多約5重量%或最多約2重量%)的選自於6-經取代的-2,4-二胺基-1,3,5-三之至少一銅腐蝕抑制劑;選擇性地,至少約0.01重量%(譬如,至少約0.03重量%、至少約0.05重量%或至少約0.1重量%)及/或最多約3重量%(譬如,最多約2重量%、最多約1重量%或最多約0.5重量%)的至少一種消泡界面活性劑;至少約5ppm(譬如,至少約7ppm、至少約8ppm或至少約10ppm)及/或最多約40ppm(譬如,最多約35ppm、最多約25ppm、最多約20ppm或最多約15ppm)的至少一第II族金屬陽離子;至少約0.1重量%(譬如,至少約0.5重量%、至少約1重量%或至少約1.5重量%)及/或最多約10重量%(譬如,最多約8重量%、最多約5重量%或最多約3重量%)的具有至少三個羥基基團之該至少一化合物;至少約0.1重量%(譬如,至少約0.2重量%、至少約0.3重量%或至少約0.4重量%)及/或最多約1.5重量%(譬如,最多約1.2重量%、最多約0.9重量%或最多約0.6重量%)的至少一羧酸。
本揭露內容的剝離組成物在本質上一般是
鹼性。在一些具體例中,本揭露內容的剝離組成物具有至少約13(譬如,至少約13.5或至少約14)之pH。不希望受理論的束縛,據信該剝離組成物的鹼性本質可促進去除半導體基板上的光阻。
本揭露內容的一具體例為一種自一半導體基板剝離或去除光阻的方法。該方法包括使含有一光阻或一光阻殘餘物的一半導體基板與本文所述的一種剝離組成物接觸歷時足以自該基板表面去除該光阻阻劑(photoresist resist)或光阻殘餘物的時間及溫度。該方法能進一步包括於該接觸步驟之後用一種沖洗溶劑來沖洗該半導體基板及/或於該沖洗步驟之後乾燥該半導體基板。於一些具體例中,該方法不會實質去除該半導體基板的Cu或Al。
於一些具體例中,該光阻剝離的方法包括下列步驟:(A)提供一具有一光阻塗層或一光阻殘餘物的半導體基板;(B)使該半導體基板與本文所述的一種剝離組成物接觸以去除該光阻塗層或該光阻殘餘物;(C)以一適宜的沖洗溶劑來沖洗該半導體基板;以及(D)選擇性地,藉由任何適宜的構件來乾燥該半導體基板,該構件係去除該沖洗溶劑且不損及該半導體基板的完整性。於一些具體例中,該剝離方法進一步包括自以上所述的方法所獲得的該半導體基板形成一種半導體裝置
(諸如,一種積體電路裝置如一種半導體晶片)。
在此方法中欲被剝離的半導體基板具有需要被去除的至少一光阻(譬如,正或負光阻)。半導體基板典型由矽、矽鍺、第III-V族化合物像是GaAs或其等的任何組合所建構。該半導體基板可額外地含有裸露的積體電路結構,例如互連零件像是金屬線及介電材料。用於互連零件的金屬與金屬合金包括,但不限於,鋁、鋁與銅的合金、銅、鈦、鉭、鈷、鎳、矽、多晶矽氮化鈦、氮化鉭、錫、鎢、SnAg、SnAg/Ni、CuNiSn、CuCoCu以及CoSn。該半導體基板亦可含有層間介電層、氧化矽、氮化矽、碳化矽、二氧化鈦以及摻碳的氧化矽。
該半導體基板可藉由任何適宜的方法接觸剝離組成物,例如將剝離組成物放進槽中並將該半導體基板浸泡及/或淹沒至該剝離組成物中、將剝離組成物噴塗於半導體基板上、將剝離組成物沖流至半導體基板上或其等的任何組合。於一些具體例中,半導體基板係浸泡至剝離組成物中。
本揭露內容的半導體基板可在高達約90℃的溫度有效地使用。在一些具體例中,剝離組成物可在約25℃至約80℃使用。在一些具體例中,剝離組成物可在自約30℃至約60℃的溫度範圍採用。於一些具體例中,剝離組成物可在自約40℃至約60℃的溫度範圍採用。最終為安全起見,最高溫度係保持在顯著低於所採用溶劑的閃點。
同樣地,剝離時間可取決於所採用的特定剝離方法、溫度以及剝離組成物而在廣大範圍中變化。當以浸泡批量式製程剝離時,適宜的時間範圍,舉例來說,係可高達約60分鐘。在一些具體例中,批量式製程的適宜時間範圍係自約1分鐘至約60分鐘。在一些具體例中,批量式製程的適宜時間範圍係自約3分鐘至約20分鐘。在一些具體例中,批量式剝離製程的適宜時間範圍係自約4分鐘至約15分鐘。
單一晶圓製程的剝離時間可在自約10秒至約5分鐘的範圍。在一些具體例中,單一晶圓製程的剝離時間可在自約15秒至約4分鐘的範圍。於一些具體例中,單一晶圓製程的剝離時間可在自約15秒至約3分鐘的範圍。於一些具體例中,單一晶圓製程的剝離時間可在自約20秒至約2分鐘的範圍。於一些具體例中,可施加一或多次剝離組成物。在單一晶圓製程中所採用的剝離組成物的體積通常係足以完全覆蓋該基板,該體積將取決於基板尺寸以及剝離組成物的表面張力。
為進一步提升本揭露內容之剝離組成物的剝離能力,可運用機械攪拌手段。適宜攪拌手段的例子包括使剝離組成物在基板上方環流、在基板上方沖流或噴塗剝離組成物以及在剝離製程期間以超音波或兆頻超音波(megasonic)攪拌。該半導體基板相對於地面的位向可為任何角度。在一些具體例中,水平或垂直的位向係適宜的。
本揭露內容的剝離組成物可使用本領域技術人員習知的剝離工具。本揭露內容的剝離組成物之顯著優點在於其等包括,以整體與局部而言,相對無毒性、無腐蝕性及無反應性的組分,該組成物藉以在廣大的溫度與製程時間範圍係穩定的。本揭露內容的剝離組成物與幾乎所有用於建構現有與擬建的批量與單一晶圓剝離的半導體晶圓剝離製程工具的材料大致上在化學上是相容的。
在剝離之後,該半導體基板係在有或無攪拌手段下以適宜的沖洗溶劑沖洗約5秒至多至約5分鐘。適宜的沖洗溶劑的例子包括,但不限於,去離子(DI)水、甲醇、乙醇、異丙醇、N-甲基吡咯啶酮、γ-丁內酯、二甲亞碸、乳酸乙酯以及丙二醇單甲醚乙酸酯。於一些具體例中,沖洗溶劑的例子包括,但不限於,DI水、甲醇、乙醇與異丙醇。於一些具體例中,沖洗溶劑為DI水與異丙醇。於一些具體例中,沖洗溶劑為DI水。溶劑可使用類似於施用本文所述之剝離組成物所使用的手段來施加。剝離組成物可在開始沖洗步驟之前先自半導體基板去除,或該剝離組成物可在開始沖洗步驟時仍與半導體基板接觸。在一些具體例中,沖洗步驟中採用的溫度係介於16℃與27℃之間。
選擇性地,半導體基板係在清洗步驟之後乾燥。可採用本領域習知的任何適宜乾燥手段。適宜的乾燥手段的例子包括旋轉乾燥法、使乾燥氣體流過半導體基板或以加熱構件例如加熱板或紅外線燈來加熱半導體基
板、馬蘭戈尼乾燥法(Maragoni drying)、羅他戈尼乾燥法(rotagoni drying)、IPA乾燥法或其等的任何組合。乾燥時間將取決於所採用的特定方法,但通常為30秒至多數分鐘的數量級。
於一些具體例中,半導體基板可隨後加工形成一或多個額外的電路於基板上或可藉由,舉例來說,組裝(譬如,切割與黏接)以及封裝(譬如,晶片密封)加工形成半導體晶片。
本揭露內容係參照下列實施例更詳細地例示,其係以例示為目的且不應解讀為限制本揭露內容的範圍。
剝離組成物係藉由在攪動的同時,混合有機溶劑及超純去離子水(DIW)予以製備。在攪動的同時,緩慢加入水性(25%)TMAH,接著加入Cu抑制劑。在達到均勻溶液之後,添加其餘的組分,接著假使有使用,添加選擇性組分。使用的全部組分皆可市購且為高純度。
pH測量,假使有需要,係在全部組分完全溶解之後在周圍溫度(17-25℃)下進行。Beckman Coulter Φ 400系列之手持式儀表可用於此等pH的測量。
剝離測試係使用客戶所提供完整的200mm或300mm晶圓來進行。將客戶所提供的帶有厚的正或負
型光阻的晶圓切割成用於剝離測試之含有積體晶粒的小試件。將該樣本放置於含有大約200mL本揭露內容的剝離組成物的600mL容積玻璃燒杯中。將樣本浸入剝離組成物之前,使剝離組成物在設為大約250rpm以控制溶液攪拌的加熱板上預熱至測試條件溫度(通常為50℃至80℃)。剝離測試隨後係藉由將樣本置於經加熱的剝離組成物中且元件側「面向」攪拌子、並使樣本留在持續攪拌的溶液中達測試條件時間(通常為0.5至10分鐘)來進行。一旦樣本在溶液中暴露達到測試條件期間,樣本係迅速地以一對塑膠「鎖定」鑷子自測試溶液中取出,且於周圍溫度(~17℃)放置在裝滿大約500mL超純去離子水的600mL塑膠燒杯中。使樣本留在去離子水的燒杯中同時適度攪拌達大約10-20秒,隨後取出並於周圍溫度放置在超純去離子水流下(流速~2L/min)額外的40-50秒,隨後取出。取出之後,樣本係立即暴露於來自手持式氮氣噴槍的氮氣使得樣本表面上的任何液滴被吹離樣本,並進一步完全地乾燥樣本元件的表面與背側。在此最終的氮氣乾燥步驟之後,將樣本自塑膠鑷子座移開並以元件側朝上放置在有蓋的塑膠載體中以供不超過約2小時的短期儲存。隨後收集經剝離的測試樣本元件表面上的關鍵零件(即SnAg/Ni凸塊)的掃描電子顯微鏡(SEM)影像。
測量各種基板材料的蝕刻速率以測定受測剝離組合物的腐蝕性。使來自具有光阻材料塗層的待測晶
圓的試件(Cu、Al、W、Ni、Sn、Co、氮化矽或聚-Si)浸泡在預熱至測試條件溫度的一定體積的測試剝離組成物中。在浸泡於測試剝離組成物中達測試條件時間的時程之後,該試件係快速地以一對塑膠「鎖定」鑷子自測試組成物中取出、以去離子水清洗、以N2氣流吹乾。
在浸沒於測試組合物之前及之後,試件上的介電膜厚度係由橢圓偏光計(Ellipsometer)或Filmetrics的膜厚度測量裝置予以測量。膜厚度差除以蝕刻時間係用於計算蝕刻速率。
在浸沒於測試組合物之前及之後,試件上的金屬膜的片電阻係由Resmap 4點探針儀予以測量。除了Sn之外的金屬,膜厚度與片電阻之間的關聯性係用於測定膜厚度。蝕刻速率係藉由膜厚度變化除以在組成物中的浸泡時間來判定。
表1的資料說明糖醇甘油對於本揭露內容的調配物二種態樣的效應。首先,與CE-1(沒有甘油)相比,FE-1至FE-3展現出甘油協助Ca溶解於鹼性半水性調配物之內。當調配物之內含括甘油時觀察到清澈的調配物結果,而CE-1內觀察到未溶解的白色粉末。其次,隨著甘油濃度增高,觀察到改良的Al耐蝕刻性(即,減小的Al蝕刻速率)。
DMSO=二甲亞碸
MMB=3-甲氧基-3-甲基-丁醇
TMAH=氫氧化四甲基銨
MD-20=環氧丙基醚界面活性劑
DIW=去離子水
TSV=直通矽通孔(through silicon vias)
表2的資料展示出含第II族金屬陽離子的調配物與沒有第II族金屬離子的調配物相比,能抑止Al蝕刻速率。於此等實施例中,該效應係使用Ca2+作為例示性的第II族金屬離子予以展示。
表3的資料展示出羧酸促進第II族金屬離子溶解於本揭露內容調配物為基底的有機溶劑內。不希望受理論的束縛,據信螯合羧酸(如檸檬酸)與糖醇(如甘油)配合作用以溶解第II族金屬離子(諸如,FE-9至FE-11內之Ca2+)。明確地說,結果顯示調配物FE-9至FE-11(其含括檸檬酸及甘油二者)展現出很低的Al蝕刻速率。關於比較實施例4(即,含甘油但不含檸檬酸的調配物CE-4),即使在24小時攪動後調配物內還是存在固體,以及調配物
CE-4之Al蝕刻速率為無法接受地高。
此外,表3的資料展示出能藉由使用不同的第II族金屬鹽(諸如,氯化鈣、檸檬酸鈣等等)來導入第II族金屬離子至調配物。
表4的資料展示出Ca2+以外的第II族金屬離子也能抑止Al蝕刻速率。調配物實施例15及16展現Sr2+有效的Al蝕刻抑制。表4亦說明糖醇山梨醇於溶解第II族金屬離子上的有效性。
表5的資料進一步展示出本揭露內容調配物於自TSV’s及微凸塊結構去除光阻的有效性,同時維持優良的Al及Cu的相容性。
為了進一步詳細說明本揭露內容的組成物,表6說明額外的調配物。
儘管已經參考特定的具體例對本揭露內容進行了詳細的描述,應理解的是在本揭露內容所述及要求的精神和權利保護範圍內可對本發明作出修飾和變化。
Claims (33)
- 如請求項1或2之組成物,其中該至少一氫氧化四級銨包含式[NR1R2R3R4]+OH的一化合物,其中R1、R2、R3及R4各者獨立地為:選擇性地經羥基取代的一直鏈、支鏈或環狀烷基基團;一經取代或未經取代的苯基基團;或一經取代或未經取代的苄基基團。
- 如請求項3之組成物,其中R1、R2、R3及R4各者獨立地為一C1-C4烷基基團、一羥基乙基基團、一苯基基團或一苄基基團。
- 如請求項1或2之組成物,其中該組成物包含自0.1重量(wt)%至8wt%的量之該至少一氫氧化四級銨。
- 如請求項1或2之組成物,其中該至少一銅腐蝕抑制劑包含一6-經取代的-2,4-二胺基-1,3,5-三,於該6-位置處的該取代基為:一直鏈或支鏈、經取代或未經取代的C1-C12烷基基團;一經取代或未經取代的C3-C12環烷基基團;一經取代或未經取代的芳基基團;-SCH2R100;-N(R100R101);或醯亞胺基(imidyl);其中各個R100與R101獨立地為:選擇性地在烷基鏈含有一個氮或氧原子之一直鏈或支鏈、經取代或未經取代的C1-C12烷基基團;選擇性地在環烷基環含有一個氮或氧原子之一經取代或未經取代的C3-C12環烷基基團;一經取代或未經取代 的芳基基團;或R100及R101與其等所接附的原子一起形成一環。
- 如請求項1或2之組成物,其中該組成物包含自0.1wt%至10wt%的一量之該至少一銅腐蝕抑制劑。
- 如請求項1或2之組成物,其中該至少一水溶性極性非質子性有機溶劑包含二甲亞碸、環丁碸、二甲碸、N,N-二甲基甲醯胺、N,N-二甲基乙醯胺、N-甲基吡咯啶酮、γ-丁內酯、碳酸丙烯酯、1,3-二甲基-2-咪唑啶酮或其等的混合物。
- 如請求項1或2之組成物,其中該組成物包含自30wt%至90wt%的一量之該至少一水溶性極性非質子性有機溶劑。
- 如請求項1或2之組成物,其進一步包含至少一醇類溶劑。
- 如請求項11之組成物,其中該至少一醇類溶劑包含一種二醇、一種烷氧基醇、一飽和脂族一元醇、一不飽和的非芳香族一元醇、一含有一環結構的醇或其等的混合物。
- 如請求項11之組成物,其中該組成物包含自5wt%至60wt%的一量之該至少一醇類溶劑。
- 如請求項1或2之組成物,其中該組成物包含自2.5wt%至25wt%的一量之該水。
- 如請求項1或2之組成物,其進一步包含至少一消泡界面活性劑。
- 如請求項15之組成物,其中該組成物包含自0.01wt%至3wt%的一量之該至少一消泡界面活性劑。
- 如請求項1之組成物,其中含有至少三個羥基基團的該至少一化合物包含一糖醇。
- 如請求項17之組成物,其中該糖醇為甘油、山梨醇、甘露醇、赤藻糖醇、阿拉伯糖醇、異麥芽酮糖醇、乳糖醇(lactitol)、麥芽糖醇、木糖醇、蘇糖醇(threitol)、核糖醇、半乳糖醇、艾杜糖醇或肌醇。
- 如請求項17之組成物,其中該糖醇為甘油或山梨醇。
- 如請求項17之組成物,其中該組成物包含自0.5wt%至10wt%的一量之含有至少三個羥基基團的該至少一化合物。
- 如請求項1或2之組成物,其中該至少一羧酸係選自於下列所構成的群組:單羧酸、二羧酸及三羧酸。
- 如請求項21之組成物,其中該至少一羧酸包含檸檬酸、順丁烯二酸、反丁烯二酸、乳酸、乙醇酸、草酸、酒石酸、琥珀酸或苯甲酸。
- 如請求項22之組成物,其中該至少一羧酸包含檸檬酸。
- 如請求項1或2之組成物,其中該至少一羧酸係選自於下列所構成的群組:單羧酸之α-羥酸及β-羥酸、二羧酸之α-羥酸或β-羥酸以及三羧酸之α-羥酸及β-羥酸。
- 如請求項1或2之組成物,其中該組成物包含自0.1wt%至1.2wt%的一量之該至少一羧酸。
- 如請求項1或2之組成物,其中該至少一第II族金屬陽離子包含Mg2+、Ca2+、Sr2+或Ba2+。
- 如請求項1或2之組成物,其中該至少一第II族金屬陽離子包含Ca2+。
- 如請求項1或2之組成物,其中該組成物包含自7ppm至40ppm的一量之的該至少一第II族金屬陽離子。
- 如請求項1或2之組成物,其中該組成物具有至少13之pH。
- 一種用於去除一光阻或一光阻殘餘物之方法,其包含:使含有該光阻或該光阻殘餘物的一半導體基板與如請求項1至29中任一項之組成物接觸,以去除該光阻或光阻殘餘物。
- 如請求項30之方法,其進一步包含於該接觸步驟之後用一沖洗溶劑來沖洗該半導體基板。
- 如請求項31之方法,其進一步包含於該沖洗步驟之後乾燥該半導體基板。
- 如請求項30之方法,其中該方法不會實質去除該半導體基板中的Cu或Al。
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KR102363336B1 (ko) | 2022-02-15 |
IL292944A (en) | 2022-07-01 |
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US20190233771A1 (en) | 2019-08-01 |
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WO2017205134A1 (en) | 2017-11-30 |
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US10266799B2 (en) | 2019-04-23 |
US10947484B2 (en) | 2021-03-16 |
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TW201816101A (zh) | 2018-05-01 |
IL292944B2 (en) | 2023-06-01 |
IL262630A (en) | 2018-12-31 |
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