TWI772263B - 含有dna烷化劑之氮丙啶 - Google Patents
含有dna烷化劑之氮丙啶 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI772263B TWI772263B TW105119793A TW105119793A TWI772263B TW I772263 B TWI772263 B TW I772263B TW 105119793 A TW105119793 A TW 105119793A TW 105119793 A TW105119793 A TW 105119793A TW I772263 B TWI772263 B TW I772263B
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- compound
- pharmaceutically acceptable
- acceptable salt
- alkyl
- hydrogen
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- NOWKCMXCCJGMRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aziridine Chemical compound C1CN1 NOWKCMXCCJGMRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title 1
- 239000012624 DNA alkylating agent Substances 0.000 title 1
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- -1 C 1 -C 6 alkyl Chemical group 0.000 claims description 27
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- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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Abstract
Description
本發明提供適用作治療劑之化合物、該等化合物之醫藥組合物及治療癌症患者之癌症的方法,且因此係關於生物學、化學及醫學之領域。
癌症為人類發病及死亡之主要原因之一。因為難以在不損害或殺死正常細胞之情況下殺死癌細胞,所以癌症治療具有挑戰性。在癌症治療期間損害或殺死正常細胞會在患者體內引起不良副作用且可限制投與癌症患者之抗癌藥物的量。仍需要適用於治療癌症患者之化合物。
其中變數定義且說明於以下本文中。如本文所提供之化合物包括立體異構體之混合物,諸如對映異構體,及經分離之單獨對映異構體,及其外消旋與非外消旋混合物。在不受理論束縛之情況下,在某些實施例中,本文所提供之化合物充當前藥,該等前藥可在腫瘤中或在腫瘤周圍存在之低氧條件中或其周圍活化。
在另一態樣中,本文提供製備本文所提供之化合物的方法。
在另一態樣中,本文提供醫藥組合物,其包含本文所提供之化合物及至少一種醫藥學上可接受之賦形劑。
在另一態樣中,本文提供治療癌症之方法,其包含向有需要的患者投與治療有效量之本文所提供之化合物或治療有效量之本文所提供之組合物。
在圖1A-圖1C中以圖形方式說明對某些化合物進行比較的腫瘤體積減少。
提供以下定義以輔助讀者。除非另外定義,否則本文所使用之所有技術術語、符號以及其他科學或醫學術語或術語集意欲具有化學及醫學領域中之技術人員通常所理解的含義。在一些情況下,為了清楚起見及/或為便於參考,在本文中定義具有通常所理解之含義的術語,且在本文中納入該等定義不應視為表示在此項技術中通常理解之術語之定義上的實質性差異。
所有數字指示,例如pH值、溫度、時間、濃度及重量,包括其各自之範圍,均為近似值,適當時,該等近似值通常可藉由0.1、1.0或10.0之增量來改變(+)或(-)。所有數字指示可理解為在之前加有術語「約」。本文所描述之試劑為例示性的且其等效物可為此項技術中已知的。
除非上下文另外清楚地規定,否則「一種(a/an)」及「該」包括複數種參考物。因此,舉例而言,提及一種化合物係指一或多種化合物或至少一種化合物。因此,術語「一種(a/an)」、「一或多種」及「至少一種」在本文中可互換地使用。
如本文中所用,術語「包含」欲意謂組合物及方法包括所述要素,但不排除其他要素。當用於定義組合物及方法時,「主要由...組成」應意謂排除對於該組合物或方法具有任何基本意義的其他要素。「由...組成」應意謂排除用於所主張之組合物及大體方法步驟中超過痕量要素的其他成分。由此等過渡術語中之每一者定義之實施例在本發明之範疇內。因此,希望方法及組合物可包括另外的步驟及組分(包含),或者包括無意義之步驟及組合物(主要由...組成),或者希望僅包括所陳述之方法步驟或組合物(由...組成)。
在基團之前的「Cx-Cy」或「Cx-y」係指存在於該基團中之碳原子
數量範圍。舉例而言,C1-C6烷基係指具有至少1個且至多6個碳原子之烷基。
「烷氧基」係指-O-烷基。
「胺基」係指NRpRq,其中Rp及Rq獨立地為氫或C1-C6烷基,或Rp及Rq與其所鍵接之氮原子一起形成4-15員雜環。
「烷基」係指具有1至10個碳原子且在一些實施例中具有1至6個碳原子的單價飽和脂族烴基。「Cx-y烷基」係指具有x至y個碳原子之烷基。舉例而言,此術語包括直鏈及分支鏈烴基,諸如甲基(CH3-)、乙基(CH3CH2-)、正丙基(CH3CH2CH2-)、異丙基((CH3)2CH-)、正丁基(CH3CH2CH2CH2-)、異丁基((CH3)2CHCH2-)、第二丁基((CH3)CH3CH2)CH-)、第三丁基((CH3)3C-)、正戊基(CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2-)及新戊基((CH3)3CCH2-)。
「烯基」係指具有2至10個碳原子且在一些實施例中具有2至6個碳原子或2至4個碳原子且具有至少1個乙烯基不飽和位點(>C=C<)之直鏈或分支鏈烴基。舉例而言,Cx-y烯基係指具有x至y個碳原子之烯基,且意欲包括例如乙烯基、丙烯基、1,3-丁二烯基及其類似基團。
「炔基」係指具有2至10個碳原子且在一些實施例中具有2至6碳原子或2至4個碳原子且含有至少一個參鍵之直鏈單價烴基或分支鏈單價烴基。術語「炔基」亦意欲包括具有一個參鍵及一個雙鍵之彼等烴基。舉例而言,C2-6炔基包括乙炔基、丙炔基及其類似基團。
「芳基」係指具有6至14個碳原子且無環雜原子且具有單個環(例如苯基)或多個縮合(稠合)環(例如萘基或蒽基)之芳族基團。對於多環系統(包括具有不含環雜原子之芳族及非芳族環之稠合、橋連及螺環系統),當附著點在芳族碳原子處時,適用術語「芳基」或「Ar」(例如由於其附著點在芳族苯基環之2位處,5,6,7,8四氫萘-2-基為芳基)。
「環烷基」係指具有3至14個碳原子且無環雜原子且具有單個環
或多個環(包括稠合、橋連及螺環系統)之飽和或部分飽和環基。對於具有不含環雜原子之芳族及非芳族環的多環系統,當附著點在非芳族碳原子處時,適用術語「環烷基」(例如5,6,7,8,-四氫萘-5-基)。術語「環烷基」包括環烯基。環烷基之實例包括例如金剛烷基、環丙基、環丁基、環戊基、環辛基及環己烯基。
「醚」係指經1-3個C1-C6烷氧基取代之C1-C6烷基,其中烷氧基係指-O-烷基。
「鹵基」係指氟基、氯基、溴基及碘基中之一或多者。
「雜芳基」係指具有1至14個碳原子及1至6個選自由氧、氮及硫組成之群的雜原子的芳族基團,且包括單環系統(例如,咪唑基-2-基及咪唑5-基)及多環系統(例如,咪唑并吡啶基、苯并三唑基、苯并咪唑-2-基及苯并咪唑-6-基)。對於多環系統(包括具有芳族及非芳族環之稠合、橋連及螺環系統),若存在至少一個環雜原子且附接點在芳族環之原子處,則適用術語「雜芳基」(例如1,2,3,4-四氫喹啉-6-基及5,6,7,8-四氫喹啉-3-基)。在一些實施例中,雜芳基之氮及/或硫環原子視情況經氧化以得到N-氧化物(N→O)、亞磺醯基或磺醯基部分。術語雜芳基包括(但不限於)吖啶基、吖辛因基、苯并咪唑基、苯并呋喃基、苯并硫代呋喃基、苯并噻吩基、苯并噁唑基、苯并噻唑基、苯并三唑基、苯并四唑基、苯并異噁唑基、苯并異噻唑基、苯并噻吩基、苯并咪唑啉基、咔唑基、NH-咔唑基、咔啉基、烷基、烯基、啉基、二噻嗪基、呋喃基、呋呫基、咪唑啶基、咪唑啉基、咪唑并吡啶基、咪唑基、吲唑基、吲哚烯基、吲哚啉基、吲哚嗪基、吲哚基、異苯并呋喃基、異烷基、異吲唑基、異吲哚啉基、異吲哚基、異喹啉基(isoquinolinyl)、異喹啉基(isoquinolyl)、異噻唑基、異噁唑基、啶基、八氫異喹啉基、噁二唑基、噁唑啶基、噁唑基、嘧啶基、啡啶基、啡啉基、啡嗪基、啡噻嗪基、啡噁噻基、啡噁嗪基、酞嗪基、
哌嗪基、喋啶基、嘌呤基、哌喃基、吡嗪基、吡唑啶基、吡唑啉基、吡唑基、噠嗪基、吡啶并噁唑基、吡啶并咪唑基、吡啶并噻唑基、吡啶基(pyridinyl)、吡啶基(pyridyl)、嘧啶基、吡咯基、喹唑啉基、喹啉基、喹喏啉基、奎寧環基、四氫異喹啉基、四氫喹啉基、四唑基、噻二嗪基、噻二唑基、噻嗯基、噻唑基、噻吩基、噻吩并噻唑基、噻吩并噁唑基、噻吩并咪唑基、噻吩基、三嗪基及基。
「雜環的」或「雜環」或「雜環烷基」或「雜環基」係指具有1至14個碳原子及1至6個選自由氮、硫或氧組成之群的雜原子的飽和或部分飽和環狀基團,且包括單環系統及包括稠合、橋連及螺環系統之多環系統。對於具有芳族及/或非芳族環之多環系統,當存在至少一個環雜原子且附著點在非芳族環原子處時,適用術語「雜環的」、「雜環」、「雜環烷基」或「雜環基」(例如1,2,3,4-四氫喹啉-3-基、5,6,7,8-四氫喹啉-6-基及十氫喹啉-6-基)。在一些實施例中,本文中之雜環基團為3-15員、4-14員、5-13員、7-12員或5-7員雜環。在一些其他實施例中,雜環含有4個雜原子。在一些其他實施例中,雜環含有3個雜原子。在另一實施例中,雜環含有最多2個雜原子。在一些實施例中,雜環基團之氮及/或硫原子視情況經氧化以得到N-氧化物、亞磺醯基或磺醯基部分。雜環基包括(但不限於)四氫哌喃基、哌啶基、N-甲基哌啶-3-基、哌嗪基、N-甲基吡咯啶-3-基、3-吡咯啶基、2-吡咯啶酮-1-基、嗎啉基及吡咯啶基。指示碳原子數目之字首(例如C3-10)係指雜環基團部分中除雜原子數目以外之碳原子總數。二價雜環基團應具有適當調整之氫含量。
術語「視情況經取代」係指經取代或未經取代之基團。該基團可經一或多個取代基,諸如1、2、3、4或5個取代基取代。該等取代基較佳係選自由以下組成之群:側氧基、鹵基、-CN、NO2、-N2+、-CO2R100、-OR100、-SR100、-SOR100、-SO2R100、-NR100SO2R100、-
NR101R102、-CONR101R102、-SO2NR101R102、C1-C6烷基、C1-C6烷氧基、-CR100=C(R100)2、-CCR100、C3-C10環烷基、C3-C10雜環基、C6-C12芳基及C2-C12雜芳基,或二價取代基,諸如-O-(CH2)-O-、-O-(CH2)2-O-及其經1-4個甲基取代之形式,其中R100、R101及R102各自獨立地為氫或C1-C8烷基;C3-C12環烷基;C3-C10雜環基;C6-C12芳基;或C2-C12雜芳基;或R101及R102與其附著之氮原子一起形成5-7員雜環;其中烷基、環烷基、雜環基、芳基或雜芳基各自視情況經1-3個鹵基、1-3個C1-C6烷基、1-3個C1-C6鹵烷基或1-3個C1-C6烷氧基取代。該等取代基較佳係選自由以下組成之群:氯基、包括三氟基之氟基、-OCH3、甲基、乙基、異丙基、環丙基、OH、OAc、含有1-3個雜原子(諸如視情況經1-3個C1-C6烷基或C6-C10芳基取代之氮及氧)的5-6員雜環基、含有1-3個雜原子(諸如視情況經1-3個C1-C6烷基取代之氮及氧)的5-6員雜芳基、-CO2H及其鹽及C1-C6烷基酯、CONMe2、CONHMe、CONH2、-SO2Me、-SO2NH2、-SO2NMe2、-SO2NHMe、-NHSO2Me、-NHSO2CF3、-NHSO2CH2Cl、-NO2、-NH2、-NMe2、-OCF3、-CF3及-OCHF2。其他視情況選用之取代基包括在本文以下表中說明之彼等者。
「前藥」係指一種化合物,其在投與之後代謝或以其他方式轉化為關於至少一種特性之生物活性或更具活性之化合物(或藥物)。相對於藥物,前藥以一定方式經化學改質,該方式使其相對於藥物活性較低或無活性,然而化學改質使得在投與該前藥之後,藉由代謝或其他生物過程產生相應藥物。相對於活性藥物,前藥可具有改變的代謝穩定性或轉運特徵、更少副作用或更低毒性,或改良之香味(例如,參見參考文獻Nogrady, 1985, Medicinal Chemistry A Biochemical Approach, Oxford University Press, New York,第388-392頁,以引用的方式併入本文中)。前藥可使用除相應藥物外之反應物合成。
向患者「投與(Administering)」藥物或向患者之藥物「之投與(administration of)」(及此片語之文法等效者)係指直接投與,此可為由醫學專業人員向患者投與或可為自投藥;及/或間接投與,此可為開具藥物處方之行為。舉例而言,教導患者自投藥及/或向患者提供藥物處方之醫師向患者投與藥物。
「癌症」係指可藉由侵襲局部擴大且藉由轉移全身性地擴大來潛在地無限生長的白血病、淋巴瘤、癌瘤及其他惡性腫瘤,包括實體腫瘤。癌症之實例包括(但不限於)腎上腺癌、骨癌、腦癌、乳癌、支氣管癌、結腸癌及/或直腸癌、膽囊癌、頭頸癌、腎癌、喉癌、肝癌、肺癌、神經組織癌症、胰臟癌、前列腺癌、副甲狀腺癌、皮膚癌、胃癌及甲狀腺癌。癌症之某些其他實例包括急性及慢性淋巴細胞瘤及顆粒細胞瘤、腺癌、腺瘤、基底細胞癌、子宮頸發育不良及原位癌、尤文氏肉瘤(Ewing's sarcoma)、表皮樣癌、巨細胞瘤、多形性神經膠母細胞瘤、毛細胞腫瘤、腸神經節細胞瘤、增生性角膜神經腫瘤、胰島細胞癌、卡波西氏肉瘤(Kaposi's sarcoma)、平滑肌瘤、白血病、淋巴瘤、惡性類癌、惡性黑色素瘤、惡性高鈣血症、類馬方氏症體型腫瘤(marfanoid habitus tumor)、髓性癌、轉移性皮膚癌、黏膜神經瘤、骨髓瘤、蕈樣真菌病、神經母細胞瘤、骨肉瘤、成骨肉瘤及其他肉瘤、卵巢腫瘤、嗜鉻細胞瘤、真性紅血球過多症、原發性腦腫瘤、小細胞肺腫瘤、潰瘍型及乳頭型鱗狀細胞癌、增生、精原細胞瘤、軟組織肉瘤、視網膜母細胞瘤、橫紋肌肉瘤、腎細胞腫瘤、局部皮膚病變、網狀細胞肉瘤及威爾姆氏腫瘤(Wilm's tumor)。
「患者」與「個體」可互換地使用,用以指代需要癌症治療之哺乳動物。患者通常為人類。患者通常為經診斷患有癌症之人類。在某些實施例中,「患者」或「個體」可指代用於篩選、表徵及評價藥物及療法之非人類哺乳動物,諸如非人類靈長類動物、犬、貓、兔、
豬、小鼠或大鼠。
「實體腫瘤」係指實體腫瘤,包括(但不限於)骨骼、腦、肝、肺、淋巴結、胰臟、前列腺、皮膚及軟組織(肉瘤)中之轉移性腫瘤。
藥物之「治療有效量」係指當投與癌症患者時,應具有預期治療效果,例如緩解、改善、緩和或消除在患者體內之癌症之一或多種表現的藥物之量。治療效果在投與一次劑量時未必會發生,且可能僅在投與一系列劑量之後發生。因此,可在一或多次投與中投與治療有效量。
「治療」病況或患者、病況或患者「之治療」或「之療法」係指採取步驟以獲得有益的或所需的結果,包括臨床結果。出於本發明之目的,有益的或所需的臨床結果包括(但不限於)癌症之一或多種症狀之緩解或改善;疾病程度之減輕;疾病進展之延遲或減緩;疾病病況之改善、緩和或穩定;或其他有益的結果。在一些情況下,癌症之治療可引起部分反應或穩定疾病。
或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽或其各自之醫藥學上可接受之溶劑合物,其中R1為:氫、-N3、CN、鹵基、NR21R22、-OR23、-SO2(C1-C6烷基)、C1-C6烷基、C2-C6烯基、C2-C6炔基、C3-C8環烷基、C6-C10芳基、4-15員雜環、5-15員雜芳基或醚;R21及R22各自獨立地為氫、羥基、C1-C6烷基、C2-C6烯基、C2-C6炔基、C3-C8環烷基、C6-C10芳基、4-15員雜環、5-15員雜芳基或-SO2(C1-C6烷基);或R21及R22與其所鍵接之氮原子一起形成4-15員雜環或5-15員雜芳基;R23為氫、C1-C6烷基或C6-C10芳基;R2及R3獨立地為氫或鹵基;R4為氫、鹵基、C1-C6烷氧基、C1-C6烷基或C6-C10芳基,R5、R7、R9、R12及R15獨立地為氫、C1-C6烷基、C2-C6烯基、C2-C6炔基、C3-C8環烷基、C6-C10芳基、4-15員雜環、5-15員雜芳基;或
R4及R5與其之間的介入碳原子一起形成C5-C6環烷基環;R6及R10獨立地為氫或鹵基;R8為氫、C1-C6烷基、C2-C6烯基、C2-C6炔基或5-15員雜芳基;R11各自獨立地為C1-C6烷基、C2-C6烯基、C2-C6炔基、C3-C8環烷基或C6-C10芳基;R13、R14、R16及R17獨立地為氫、鹵基、C1-C6烷基、C2-C6烯基、C2-C6炔基或C1-C6烷氧基;其中該等烷基、烯基、炔基、環烷基、芳基、雜環、雜芳基、烷氧基及醚基團視情況經取代。
在另一實施例中,R1為非氫取代基。在另一實施例中,R2及R3為氫。在另一實施例中,R4為氫或鹵基。在另一實施例中,R4為氫。在另一實施例中,R4為鹵基。在另一實施例中,R4為氟基。在另一實施例中,R4與R5一起形成5員環烷基。在另一實施例中,R1為非氫取代基,R2及R3為氫且R4為氫或鹵基或R4與R5一起形成5員環烷基。在另一實施例中,R5為非氫取代基。在另一實施例中,R1為NR21R22。
在另一實施例中,R8為氫。在另一實施例中,R8為C1-C6烷基、C2-C6烯基或C2-C6炔基。在另一實施例中,R9為視情況經取代之C1-C6烷基。
在另一實施例中,R7為視情況經取代之C1-C6烷基。
在另一實施例中,R12為視情況經取代之C1-C6烷基。
在另一實施例中,R15為視情況經取代之C1-C6烷基。
在另一實施例中,R7為視情況經取代之C1-C6烷基。
本文所提供及/或使用之某些非限制性及例示性化合物與其在氮氣下及在空氣下之抗癌能力一起列表如下。
化合物B
在室溫下,將NaBH4(0.38g)添加至化合物A(1.65g)於15mL甲醇中之溶液中。攪拌溶液30min。溶液以水(50mL)稀釋且以DCM萃取。以Na2SO4乾燥有機層。移除溶劑以獲得化合物B(1.6g)。
化合物D
在氬氣下,在0℃下將DIAD(2.5mL)添加至化合物B(1.36g)、化合物C(3.7g)、及PPh3(3.2g)於THF(40mL)中之懸浮液中。自0℃至室溫攪拌混合物2小時。在真空下移除溶劑後,藉由矽膠急驟層析法(Hex:AcOEt=100:70(v/v))分離殘餘物以產生1.3g化合物D。
TH 2937
在50℃下攪拌化合物D(1.3g)、Ag2O(2.5g)、DIEA(2mL)於THL(30mL)中之混合物5小時。在真空下移除溶劑後,藉由矽膠急驟層析法(AcOEt:20% MeOH/DCM=70:30(v/v))分離殘餘物以產生0.7g輕質液態TH 2937。
TH 2565及TH 2566
藉由對掌性管柱分離1.0g TH 2937以獲得0.48g TH 2565及0.47g
TH 2566。TH2565及TH2566之1HNMR(CDCl3)。1.65(d,J=6.4Hz,3H),2.02-2.22(m,8H),5.70-5.75(m,1H),7.57(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),8.23(d,J=8.4Hz,2H)。
1. 化合物2之合成
在氬氣下在-40℃下,將LiHMDS(1.0M THF溶液,24mL,24mmol)添加至化合物1(2.9g,22.83mmol)於THF(35mL)中之溶液中。在-40℃下攪拌混合物15分鐘。
在保持內部溫度低於-30℃之情況下緩慢添加醛。
在-40℃下攪拌混合物75分鐘,隨後以飽和NH4Cl水溶液(10mL)淬滅。
反應混合物以EtOAc(40mL×3)萃取,以鹽水(50mL)洗滌,經Na2SO4乾燥。
在減壓下移除溶劑且藉由急驟管柱純化殘餘物以得到澄清油狀物(1.5g,產率33%)。
1HNMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δ:7.97(s,1H),4.22(m,1H),4.00(s,3H),2.24-2.14(m,1H),1.06(d,J=6.4Hz,3H),0.93(dd,J=1.2,6.4Hz,3H)
2. 化合物3之合成
在氬氣下在-78℃下,將LiHMDS(1.0M THF溶液,8.3mL,8.3mmol)添加至化合物2(1.5g,7.54mmol)於THF(60mL)中之混合物中。
在-78℃下攪拌混合物10分鐘且隨後緩慢添加溴化合物(3.7g,11.31mmol)之溶液。
在-78℃下攪拌混合物且隨後在室溫下攪拌隔夜。
在減壓下移除溶劑且藉由急驟管柱純化殘餘物以得到淺黃色油狀物(1.8g,49%產率)
1HNMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δ:8.01(s,1H),5.18(t,J=6.4Hz,1H),4.07(s,3H),3.59-3.02(m,8H),2.41-2.36(m,1H),1.83(d,J=6.8Hz,3H),0.92(d,J=6.8Hz,3H)。
3. TH 2567/2568之合成
在氬氣下在65℃下,攪拌化合物3(1.8g,3.67mmol)、DIPEA(3mL)、Ag2O(10g)於THF(45mL)中之混合物4小時。過濾固體且濃縮濾液至乾燥,藉由急驟管柱純化以得到澄清油狀物(1.02g,81%產率)。
1HNMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δ:8.04(s,1H),5.16(t,J=6.8Hz,1H),4.10(s,3H),2.50-2.41(m,1H),2.24-2.01(m,8H),1.19(d,J=6.4Hz,3H),0.81(d,J6.4Hz,3H)。
藉由對掌性HPLC分離此混合物以得到TH 2567及TH 2568
1. 化合物5之合成
在0℃下將NaBH4(775mg,20mmol)逐份添加至酮1(3.52g,19.03mmol)於MeOH(35mL)中之溶液中。
在0℃下攪拌混合物1h,且隨後以丙酮(5mL)淬滅反應。
反應混合物藉由旋蒸儀濃縮至初始體積之一半,殘餘物以EtOAc(400mL)稀釋,以鹽水(50mL×3)洗滌,經Na2SO4乾燥。
在減壓下移除溶劑且藉由急驟管柱純化殘餘物以得到澄清油狀物(3.5g,產率99%)。
1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δ:8.06(t,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.35(d,J=11.6Hz,1H),7.30(d,J=11.6Hz,1H),5.01-4.99(m,1H),1.52(d,J=6.4Hz,3H)。
2. 化合物6之合成
在氬氣下在0℃下,依序將Br-IPM(6.99g,22.70mmol)、PPh3(7.44g,28.38mmol)及DIAD(5.73g,28.38mmol)添加至化合物4(3.5g,18.92mmol)於THF(100mL)中之混合物中。
在0℃下攪拌混合物2h且隨後在攪拌時升溫至室溫隔夜。
在減壓下移除溶劑且藉由急驟管柱純化殘餘物以得到淺黃色油(4.28g,47%產率)
1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δ:8.09(t,J=8.0Hz,1H),8.31(dd,J=2.4,13.6Hz,2H),5.52-5.60(m,1H),3.54-3.19(m,8H),1.63(d,J=6.4Hz,3H)。
3. 化合物7之合成
在氬氣下在50℃下,將化合物6(3.95g,8.28mmol)、Ag2O(12g)於THF(100mL)中之混合物攪拌隔夜。過濾固體且濃縮濾液至乾燥,藉由急驟管柱純化以得到黃色固體(2.28g,87%產率)。
1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δ:8.08(t,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.36(d,J=11.6Hz,1H),7.31(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),5.70-5.67(m,1H),2.25-2.08(m,8H),1.64(d,J=6.4Hz,3H)。
4. TH 2803/2804之合成
在0℃下將K2CO3(230mg,1.66mmol)添加至咪唑(62mg,0.91mmol)及化合物7(260mg,0.83mmol)於DMF(5mL)中之混合物中。將混合物在室溫下攪拌隔夜。
藉由半製備型HPLC純化以得到澄清油狀物。
1H NMR(CDCl3,400MHz)δ:8.02(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.65-7.2(m,2H),7.50(d,J=1.6Hz,1H),7.24(s,1H),7.08(s,1H),5.81-5.75(m,1H),2.22-2.02(m,8H),1.68(d,J=6.4Hz,3H)。
藉由對掌性HPLC分離此混合物以得到TH 2803及TH 2804。
本文所提供之其他化合物遵循此方法在適當取代起始材料時製備,該等起始材料為市售的或根據公認方法自市售之起始材料製備。參見例如參見美國專利申請公開案第2005/0256191號、第2007/0032455號及第2009/0136521號,及PCT公開案第2000/064864號、第2004/087075號及第2007/002931號,其各自以引用的方式併入本文中。
關於H460非細胞肺癌人類腫瘤細胞株之活體外增殖資料報導於以上表中。IC50數值以微莫耳為單位報導且由以下引起:將化合物曝露於各種濃度2小時,隨後進行洗滌步驟且添加新鮮培養基,隨後生長及細胞活力染色且與僅培養基處理之對照比較。
具體言之,將指數生長細胞以4×103個細胞/孔之密度接種於96孔盤中且在37℃下於5% CO2、95%空氣及100%相對濕度中培育24小時,隨後添加測試化合物。將化合物以200倍所需最終測試濃度溶解於100% DMSO中。在藥物添加時,用完全培養基將化合物進一步稀釋至4倍所需最終濃度。將50μl指定濃度之化合物之等分試樣添加至已含有150μl培養基之微量滴定孔中,產生所報導之最終藥物濃度。在添加藥物之後,在37℃下於5% CO2、95%空氣及100%相對濕度中將盤再培育2小時,隨後洗去藥物且添加新鮮培養基,且在37℃下於5% CO2、95%空氣及100%相對濕度中將盤再培育70小時。此培育結束時,使用阿爾瑪藍分析法(AlamarBlue assay)對活細胞進行定量。使用Prism軟體(Irvine,CA)計算導致50%(IC50)之生長抑制的藥物濃度,且結果列舉於表中。
以上H460資料表明與在空氣下相比,在氮氣下觀測到實質性抗腫瘤效果及增強的抗腫瘤功效。
基於對此等化合物有利之活體外資料,評估其在H460(NSCLC)人類腫瘤異種移植模型中之抗腫瘤活性。將H460細胞(1×106個)皮下植入無病原體之純合雌性裸小鼠(nu/nu,Charles River Laboratories)之側腹。當腫瘤尺寸達到100-150mm3時,動物隨機化為每處理組10隻小鼠。所有測試化合物以5% DMSO、5% Tween 80於D5W中調配。基於初步研究選擇所有化合物之劑量以定義每一化合物在每日投與持續5日時之MTD。基於重量損失及行為跡象,TH2565及TH2566之MTD經測定分別為2mg/kg。在圖1A-圖1C中以圖形方式說明對某些化合物
進行比較的腫瘤體積減少。
應瞭解,儘管已藉由某些態樣、實施例及視情況選用之特徵具體地揭示本發明,但熟習此項技術者可對該等態樣、實施例及視情況選用之特徵作出修改、改進及變化,且認為該等修改、改進及變化在本發明之範疇內。
本發明已大致上且一般性地描述於本文中。處於通用揭示內容內的較狹義類型及亞屬組中之每一者亦形成本發明之一部分。此外,在本發明之特徵或態樣以馬庫西組(Markush group)之方式進行描述的情況下,熟習此項技術者將認識到本發明亦因此以馬庫西組之任何個別成員或成員子組之形式進行描述。
Claims (17)
- 一種化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽,其中該化合物係選自:
- 如請求項2之化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽,其中R1為非氫取代基,R2及R3為氫且R4為氫或鹵基或R4與R5一起形成5員環烷基。
- 如請求項3之化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽,其中R4為氫。
- 如請求項3之化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽,其中R4為鹵基。
- 如請求項3之化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽,其中R4為氟基。
- 如請求項3之化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽,其中R1為NR21R22,其中R21及R22如請求項1所定義。
- 如請求項8之化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽,其中R7為視情況經取代之C1-C6烷基。
- 如請求項9之化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽,其中R12為視情況經取代之C1-C6烷基。
- 如請求項10之化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽,其中R15為視情況經取代之C1-C6烷基。
- 如請求項3之化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽,其中R5為非氫取代基。
- 如請求項3之化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽,其中R1為非氫取代基;R2及R3為氫,且R4為氫或鹵基,且R5為視情況經取代之C1-C6烷基。
- 一種醫藥組合物,其包含如請求項1至15中任一項之化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽及至少一種醫藥學上可接受之賦形劑。
- 一種如請求項1至15中任一項之化合物或其醫藥學上可接受之鹽或如請求項16之組合物之用途,其係用於製備用於在有需要的患者中治療癌症之藥劑。
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