TWI609166B - 液冷套 - Google Patents

液冷套 Download PDF

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Publication number
TWI609166B
TWI609166B TW103121322A TW103121322A TWI609166B TW I609166 B TWI609166 B TW I609166B TW 103121322 A TW103121322 A TW 103121322A TW 103121322 A TW103121322 A TW 103121322A TW I609166 B TWI609166 B TW I609166B
Authority
TW
Taiwan
Prior art keywords
aluminum alloy
package
resin
friction
cooling jacket
Prior art date
Application number
TW103121322A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
TW201437601A (zh
Inventor
瀨尾伸城
堀久司
Original Assignee
日本輕金屬股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 日本輕金屬股份有限公司 filed Critical 日本輕金屬股份有限公司
Publication of TW201437601A publication Critical patent/TW201437601A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of TWI609166B publication Critical patent/TWI609166B/zh

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • B23K20/122Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
    • B23K20/1245Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus
    • B23K20/1255Tools therefor, e.g. characterised by the shape of the probe
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • B23K20/122Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/06Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using friction, e.g. spin welding
    • B29C65/0681Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using friction, e.g. spin welding created by a tool
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/44Joining a heated non plastics element to a plastics element
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/56Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits
    • B29C65/64Joining a non-plastics element to a plastics element, e.g. by force
    • B29C65/645Joining a non-plastics element to a plastics element, e.g. by force using friction or ultrasonic vibrations
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112Single lapped joints
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/114Single butt joints
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/122Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/1222Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least a lapped joint-segment
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/122Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/1224Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least a butt joint-segment
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/54Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles
    • B29C66/542Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles joining hollow covers or hollow bottoms to open ends of container bodies
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/65General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles with a relative motion between the article and the welding tool
    • B29C66/652General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles with a relative motion between the article and the welding tool moving the welding tool around the fixed article
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/74Joining plastics material to non-plastics material
    • B29C66/742Joining plastics material to non-plastics material to metals or their alloys
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81427General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single ridge, e.g. for making a weakening line; comprising a single tooth
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81427General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single ridge, e.g. for making a weakening line; comprising a single tooth
    • B29C66/81429General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single ridge, e.g. for making a weakening line; comprising a single tooth comprising a single tooth
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/836Moving relative to and tangentially to the parts to be joined, e.g. transversely to the displacement of the parts to be joined, e.g. using a X-Y table
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/836Moving relative to and tangentially to the parts to be joined, e.g. transversely to the displacement of the parts to be joined, e.g. using a X-Y table
    • B29C66/8362Rollers, cylinders or drums moving relative to and tangentially to the parts to be joined
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    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
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    • G06F1/16Constructional details or arrangements
    • G06F1/20Cooling means
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
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    • B23K2101/12Vessels
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
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    • B23K2101/18Sheet panels
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
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    • B23K2103/10Aluminium or alloys thereof
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
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    • B23K2103/18Dissimilar materials
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
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    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
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    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
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    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/74Joining plastics material to non-plastics material
    • B29C66/742Joining plastics material to non-plastics material to metals or their alloys
    • B29C66/7428Transition metals or their alloys
    • B29C66/74281Copper or alloys of copper
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
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Description

液冷套
本發明是關於樹脂構件與金屬構件的接合方法及具有樹脂構件與金屬構件之液冷套及其製造方法。
汽車業界、產業機器業界等廣泛的領域正在尋求接著或機械性地固接樹脂構件與金屬構件的技術。作為相對簡易的樹脂構件與金屬構件的接合方法,可列舉出的有使用接著材料者。而在接著材料方面,則有無法得到充分的強度的問題。因此,在專利文獻1中所揭露的技術,是預先將鋁合金製的金屬構件插入模具之後,將樹脂塑性物質射出至此模具而將兩個構件接合。
【先行技術文獻】 【專利文獻】
【專利文獻1】特開2007-50630號公報
然而,若使用上述習知的接合方法,會遭遇到模具的成形、脫模等的費時費力與接合作業繁雜的問題。另外,在習知的接合方法中,由於是一面進行射出成形、一面使樹脂 與金屬構件接合,而會遭遇到對於既存的樹脂部件無法進行接合的問題。也就是習知的接合方法缺乏設計的自由度。
從上述的觀點,本發明的課題是提供具有充分的接合強度且可以簡易地作接合之樹脂構件與金屬構件的接合方法及液冷套的製造方法。
為了解決上述問題,本發明的特徵在於:重合樹脂構件與金屬構件之後,從上述金屬構件側押壓旋轉的旋轉器具,藉由摩擦熱使上述樹脂構件熔融而接合上述樹脂構件與上述金屬構件。
若使用此接合方法,以產生於金屬構件的摩擦熱熔融樹脂構件的表面,而在再度硬化之時與金屬構件熔接並堅固地接合。也就是可以僅藉由押壓旋轉的旋轉器具,而較容易地接合兩個構件。另外,若使用此接合方法,由於可以接合既存的樹脂構件及金屬構件、並可以僅對所希望的部分押壓旋轉工具,而可以提高設計的自由度。
另外,上述旋轉器具較好是摩擦攪拌用旋轉器具,而較好為將上述摩擦攪拌用旋轉器具的端面押壓於上述金屬構件。若使用此接合方法,由於可以很均勻地押壓金屬構件,而可以提高接合精度。
另外,上述金屬構件較好為鋁製或鋁合金製,並較好為將上述摩擦攪拌用旋轉器具的肩部的外徑設定為上述金屬構件的厚度的2~5倍。若使用此接合方法,則可以提高兩個構件的接合強度。一旦肩部的外徑小於金屬構件的厚度的2 倍,則接合強度弱;另一方面,一旦肩部的外徑大於金屬構件的厚度的5倍,則會使摩擦攪拌裝置負荷過大,故不建議。
另外,上述金屬構件較好為鋁製或鋁合金製,並較好為將上述摩擦攪拌用旋轉器具的壓入深度設定為上述金屬構件的厚度的5%~20%。若使用此接合方法,則可以提高兩個構件的接合強度。一旦摩擦攪拌用旋轉器具的壓入深度小於金屬構件的厚度的5%,則接合強度弱;另一方面,一旦摩擦攪拌用旋轉器具的壓入深度大於金屬構件的厚度的20%,則會使摩擦攪拌裝置負荷過大,故不建議。
另外,上述旋轉器具較好是摩擦接合用旋轉器具,而較好為將上述摩擦接合用旋轉器具的周面押壓於上述金屬構件。若使用此接合方法,可以藉由旋轉的摩擦接合用旋轉器具與金屬構件的摩擦熱來接合樹脂構件與金屬構件。
另外,上述金屬構件較好為鋁製或鋁合金製,並較好為在接合之前,對上述金屬構件進行蝕刻處理或陽極氧化處理,而在表面形成凹凸。若使用此接合方法,熔融的樹脂會進入形成於金屬構件的表面的凹部,而可以更堅固地接合。
另外,本發明的特徵在於:在讓熱輸送流體流動、且一部分具有已開口的凹部的樹脂製的套本體,載置將上述凹部的開口部封裝的金屬製封裝體之後,藉由從上述封裝體側押壓旋轉的旋轉器具,而以摩擦熱使上述套本體的一部分熔融而接合上述套本體與上述封裝體,其中上述熱輸送流體是將產熱體所產生的熱量輸送至外界。
若使用此液冷套之製造方法,則以產生於金屬製 的封裝體的摩擦熱來熔融套本體的樹脂,而在再度硬化之時與封裝體熔接並堅固地接合。也就是可以僅藉由押壓旋轉器具來接合套本體與封裝體,因此可以容易地製造液冷套。
另外,較好為使上述旋轉器具沿著上述封裝體的周圍邊緣部的內側繞一圈,而接合上述套本體與上述封裝體。藉此,可以更確實地封裝套本體的開口部、並提高接合的作業性。
若使用本發明相關之樹脂構件與金屬構件的接合方法,則可以容易且以充分的接合強度接合樹脂構件與金屬構件。另外,若使用本發明相關之液冷套的製造方法方法,則可以容易地製造具有充分的接合強度的液冷套。
1‧‧‧複合構件
2‧‧‧樹脂構件
3‧‧‧金屬構件(鋁合金構件)
10‧‧‧套本體(樹脂構件)
11‧‧‧凹部
12‧‧‧開口部
12a‧‧‧開口周圍邊緣部
13‧‧‧底壁
14‧‧‧周壁
14a‧‧‧壁部
15‧‧‧階差面
16‧‧‧貫通孔
30‧‧‧封裝體(鋁合金構件)
30a‧‧‧周圍邊緣部
31‧‧‧蓋板部
32‧‧‧鰭片
33‧‧‧流路
34‧‧‧流路匯集部
40‧‧‧靠合部
54a‧‧‧開始端
54b‧‧‧結束端
F‧‧‧旋轉器具(摩擦接合用旋轉器具)
F1‧‧‧旋轉軸
F2‧‧‧器具本體
F3‧‧‧周面
G‧‧‧旋轉器具(摩擦攪拌用旋轉器具)
G1‧‧‧肩部
G2‧‧‧銷部
G11‧‧‧漩渦部
G12‧‧‧圓形部
P‧‧‧液冷套
Q‧‧‧旋轉中心
W‧‧‧塑性化區域
第1圖為一斜視圖,係顯示第一實施形態相關之樹脂構件與金屬構件的接合方法。
第2圖(a)、(b)係顯示摩擦攪拌用旋轉器具的剖面圖、底面圖。
第3圖為一分解斜視圖,係顯示第二實施形態相關之液冷套。
第4圖是顯示從下方仰視第二實施形態相關之液冷套之封裝體的斜視圖。
第5圖(a)、(b)是顯示第二實施形態相關之摩擦攪拌步驟之開始部分、終了部分的平面圖。
第6圖是第5圖(a)之I-I線剖面圖。
第7圖是顯示第二實施例之摩擦攪拌步驟之變形例的剖面圖。
第8圖是一斜視圖,係顯示第三實施形態相關之樹脂構件與金屬構件的接合方法。
第9圖是用以說明實施例的斜視圖。
【用以實施發明的最佳形態】
[第一實施形態]
關於本發明的第一形態,是參考圖式來作詳細說明。如第1圖所示,在本實施形態中,是以接合板狀的樹脂構件2與板狀的金屬構件3來形成複合構件1的情況為例來作說明。
本實施形態相關之樹脂構件與金屬構件的接合方法(以下簡稱為「接合方法」),是包含:重合步驟,將樹脂構件2與金屬構件3重合;以及摩擦攪拌步驟,對金屬構件3進行摩擦攪拌。
首先,在重合步驟中,如第1圖所示,將金屬構件3載置於樹脂構件2之上,使樹脂構件2的上表面的一部分與金屬構件3的下表面的一部分接觸。在本實施形態中,樹脂構件2是PET(polyethylene terephthalate;聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯)製的板狀構件。樹脂構件2的材質並未受限於PET,而可以因應用途而從熱塑性樹脂之中作適當選擇。
在本實施形態中,金屬構件3是鋁合金製(A5052-O) 的板狀構件。金屬構件3可以因應用途而從鋁、鋁合金、銅、銅合金、鈦、鈦合金、鎂、鎂合金等可以摩擦攪拌的金屬材料作適當選擇。以下,亦將金屬構件3稱之為「鋁合金構件3」
接下來,在摩擦攪拌步驟中,如第2圖(a)及(b)所示,是使用旋轉器具G(以下亦稱之為摩擦攪拌用旋轉器具G),從鋁合金構件3的上表面側對鋁合金構件3進行摩擦攪拌。摩擦攪拌用旋轉器具G具有大致呈圓柱形的肩部G1、從肩部G1的下表面(端面)突出的銷(pin)部G2。摩擦攪拌用旋轉器具G是由工具鋼等比鋁合金構件3還硬的金屬材料所構成。銷部G2是如第2圖(b)所示,具有平面圖呈現漩渦狀的漩渦部G11、與形成於肩部G1的中央而平面圖呈現圓形的圓形部G12。肩部G1及銷部G2的形狀、大小等,可因應接合的對象物來作適當設定。另外,亦可以使用未設置銷部G2、而肩部G1的下表面(端面)為平坦的摩擦攪拌用旋轉器具。
在摩擦攪拌步驟中,固定樹脂構件2及鋁合金構件3而使其無法移動之後,使摩擦攪拌用旋轉器具G的下表面(端面)與鋁合金構件3對向,將其在鋁合金構件3的上表面的任意位置壓入既定的深度,並使摩擦攪拌用旋轉器具G沿著鋁合金構件3的長邊方向作相對移動。摩擦攪拌用旋轉器具G的旋轉數(旋轉速度)及接合速度(進給速度)則並無特別限制,例如以旋轉數1000rpm、接合速度300mm/min來移動。
在鋁合金構件3的上表面,會沿著摩擦攪拌用旋轉器具G的移動軌跡而形成塑性化區域W。在此處,「塑性化區域」是包含以下二者:因摩擦攪拌用旋轉器具G的摩擦熱而 受到加熱而實際為塑性化的狀態、與摩擦攪拌用旋轉器具G已通過而回復到常溫的狀態。在本實施形態中,塑性化區域W是以不接觸樹脂構件2的程度的壓入深度來進行摩擦攪拌。另外因摩擦攪拌而在鋁合金構件3的上表面所產生的毛狀突起,則較好為藉由切削加工將其切除。
若使用上述接合方法,對於樹脂構件2與鋁合金構件3的重合部分,從鋁合金構件3的上方押壓旋轉的摩擦攪拌用旋轉器具G並使其移動,藉此以其摩擦熱來熔融樹脂構件2的表面(表層部分)的樹脂,而隨著溫度降低而再度硬化。藉此,將樹脂構件2熔接於鋁合金構件3的下表面而接合。也就是可以僅藉由押壓摩擦攪拌用旋轉器具G而較容易地接合二個構件,另外,在上述的習知方法中,由於同時進行樹脂的射出成形以及樹脂構件與鋁合金構件的接合,而不可能對既存的構件來作接合;但是若使用本實施形態相關的接合方法,則仍可對既存的樹脂構件2及鋁合金構件3來作接合。
另外,由於僅對所欲的接合部分來押壓摩擦攪拌用旋轉器具G,而可以提高設計的自由度。另外,因為藉由將摩擦攪拌用旋轉器具G的端面押壓至鋁合金構件3而可以平均地押壓金屬構件,而可以提高接合精度。另外,因摩擦攪拌而形成的塑性化區域W,亦可以以與樹脂構件2接觸的方式來作接合,但如本實施形態所示,即使以塑性化區域W淺至未接觸樹脂構件2的程度來進行摩擦攪拌,仍可以作接合。
另外,較好為將摩擦攪拌用旋轉器具G的肩部G1的外徑,設定為鋁合金構件3的厚度的2~5倍。另外,較好為 將摩擦攪拌用旋轉器具G的壓入深度(從鋁合金構件3的上表面至肩部G1的下表面為止的壓入長度),設定為鋁合金構件3的厚度的5%~20%。藉由將肩部G1的外徑或摩擦攪拌用旋轉器具G的壓入深度作上述設定,可以提高接合強度,其根據在後文中敘述。
另外,較好為在鋁合金構件3的至少與樹脂構件2的接觸面,施以蝕刻處理或氧皮鋁(陽極氧化)處理,在此接觸面形成凹凸之後,進行上述的摩擦攪拌步驟。若使用此接合方法,由於已熔融的樹脂會進入鋁合金構件3的凹部而增加樹脂構件2與鋁合金構件3的接觸面積,而可以作更堅固的接合。
蝕刻處理,例如為將鋁合金構件3浸漬於在鹽酸溶液中添加氯化鋁六水合物所調製而成的蝕刻液。另一方面,氧皮鋁處理,則是使用稀硫酸或草酸等而以鋁合金為陽極來作電解,藉此以電化學的方式使鋁合金構件3的表面氧化來進行。
另外,作為使鋁合金構件3的表面成為凹凸表面的表面處理者,並不限定為蝕刻處理或氧皮鋁處理,例如亦可以以金屬絲刷(wire brush)等研磨表面而使其粗化而形成凹凸。
[第二實施形態]
接下來,針對本發明的第二實施形態來作說明。在本實施形態中,如第3圖所示,是以製造具有樹脂製的套本體10與金屬製(在本實施形態中為鋁合金製)的封裝體30之液冷套P的情況為例來作說明。液冷套P例如是用於CPU(central processing unit;中央處理單元)等的產熱體的冷卻。
如第3圖所示,液冷套P是由:在具有讓作為熱 輸送流體的水(未圖示)流動、且一部分具有已開口的凹部11的套本體,固定封裝凹部11的開口部12的封裝體30所構成,其中上述熱輸送流體是將作為產熱體的CPU(未圖示)所產生的熱量輸送至外界。
液冷套P的構成,是使CPU(未圖示)隔著熱擴散片(未圖示)而安裝於其上方那一側的蓋板部31的中央,在已安裝CPU的狀態下,藉由使冷卻水在液冷套P內流通,來取得CPU所產生的熱量、並與在內部流通的冷卻水進行熱交換。藉此,蓋板部31是將從CPU取得的熱量傳達至冷卻水,其結果是有效率地冷卻CPU。另外,熱擴散片是用於有效率地將CPU的熱量傳達至蓋板部31的片狀物,例如是由銅等的具有高熱傳性的金屬所形成。
套本體10是一側(在本實施形態中為上側)開口之淺底的箱形體,其內側形成有凹部11,並具有底壁13與周壁14。在本實施形態中,套本體10是由熱塑性樹脂所成形。藉此,達成液冷套P的輕量化並使其容易操作。
在套本體10的凹部11的開口周圍邊緣部12a,在從周壁14的上表面向下一段距離的位置形成有階差面15。從周壁14的上表面到階差面15為止的距離(深度),是與後文所述的封裝體30的蓋板部31的厚度為同等的尺寸。在階差面15之上,則載置封裝體30的蓋板部31的周圍邊緣。階差面15的寬度W1,為了確保讓冷卻水流動的凹部11的容積,是盡量設定為愈小愈好;而在本實施形態中,則形成為大於摩擦攪拌用旋轉器具G的肩部G1的外徑。
在周壁14之相互對向的一對壁部14a、14a中,為了使冷卻水在凹部11流通而分別形成有貫通孔16、16。在本實施形態中,貫通孔16、16是朝向壁部14a、14a的對向方向而延伸出去,並具有圓形剖面,形成於凹部11的深度方向的中間部。另外,貫通孔16的形狀及位置並不受限於此,可因應冷卻水的種類、流量等作適當變更。
如第3及4圖所示,封裝體30的構成是具有板狀的蓋板部31與複數個鰭片32、32...,其中蓋板部31是具有與套本體10的凹部11的開口部12(請參考第3圖)為相同形狀(在本實施形態為正方形)的平面形狀,複數個鰭片32、32...則是設於蓋板部31的下表面。
複數個鰭片32、32...是配置為相互平行、且與蓋板部31直交,而與蓋板部31為一體的結構。藉此,熱量可順利地在蓋板部31與鰭片32、32...之間傳達。如第3圖所示,鰭片32、32...是配置為延伸出去的方向是與形成有貫通孔16、16的周壁14的壁部14a、14a直交的方向(第3圖中的X軸方向)。鰭片32的高度(深度)尺寸(第3圖中的Z軸方向長度),是與凹部11的深度尺寸同等,而使其前端部抵接於凹部11的底面。藉此,封裝體30是在安裝於套本體10的狀態下,以封裝體30的蓋板部31、相鄰的鰭片32、32、凹部11的底面區隔出筒狀的空間,此空間的功能是作為讓冷卻水流動的流路33(請參考第5圖(a))。另外,鰭片32、32...所具有的長度尺寸(第3圖中的X軸方向長度)是短於凹部11的一邊的長度尺寸,且鰭片32、32...的構成是使其兩端與凹部11的周壁14的各壁 部14a、14a的內壁面分別隔著既定的間隔。藉此,在將封裝體30安裝於套本體10的狀態下,鰭片32、32...的兩端外側之與凹部11的周壁14的壁部14a之間的空間,是構成從貫通孔16擴展至鰭片32的延伸出去的方向的直交方向(第3圖中的Y軸方向)的流路匯集部34(請參考第5圖(a))。
封裝體30是由鋁合金所形成。封裝體30是將鋁合金形成的塊狀物切削加工而形成。另外,封裝體30可以因應用途而從鋁、鋁合金、銅、銅合金、鈦、鈦合金、鎂、鎂合金等可以摩擦攪拌的金屬材料作適當選擇。
接下來,以第5圖針對液冷套P的製造方法來作具體說明。本實施形態相關之液冷套的製造方法是包含:一載置步驟,將封裝體30載置於套本體10;以及一摩擦攪拌步驟,沿著靠合部40的內側進行摩擦攪拌。
在載置步驟中,如第3圖及第5圖(a)所示,是以鰭片32為下側而將封裝體30插入套本體10的凹部11,而將封裝體30的蓋板部31載置於階差面15。在此處,是將套本體10的凹部11的開口周圍邊緣部12a、與封裝體30的周圍邊緣部30a靠合,而構成靠合部40。
在摩擦攪拌步驟中,使摩擦攪拌用旋轉器具G沿著此靠合部40的內側作相對移動。也就是使摩擦攪拌用旋轉器具G的下表面(端面)與封裝體30對向、並以既定的壓入深度押壓之後,使其沿著套本體10的階差面15(請參考第3圖)與封裝體30的蓋板部31重合的重合部分移動。此時較好為使套本體10不移動,而預先在套本體10的周壁14的周圍表面, 套上從四個方向包圍套本體10的治具(未圖示)。
在摩擦攪拌步驟中,如第5圖(a)及第6圖所示,將摩擦攪拌用旋轉器具G的插入位置(開始端54a)設定在靠合部40的內側。然後,在將摩擦攪拌用旋轉器具G的旋轉中心Q重疊於階差面15的寬度方向的中心的狀態下,使摩擦攪拌用旋轉器具G移動並對蓋板部31作摩擦攪拌。
之後,繼續摩擦攪拌用旋轉器具G的旋轉與移動,而如第5圖(b)所示,使摩擦攪拌用旋轉器具G繞著開口部12的周圍一圈而形成塑性化區域W。此時,摩擦攪拌用旋轉器具G中的開始端54a(請參考第5圖(a))與結束端54b(請參考第5圖(b))是重疊的,其構成與塑性化區域W的一部分重疊。
如上所述,使摩擦攪拌用旋轉器具G沿著靠合部40(請參考第5圖(a))內側繞行一周而進行摩擦攪拌,而將封裝體30固定於套本體10,而藉此形成液冷套P。
若使用本實施形態相關之液冷套P的製造方法,對鋁合金製的封裝體30作摩擦攪拌,藉此以其摩擦熱來熔融套本體10的樹脂,而在再度硬化之時與封裝體30熔接而堅固地接合。也就是可以僅藉由押壓摩擦攪拌用旋轉器具G而使其相對移動而可以接合套本體10與封裝體30,因此可以容易地製造液冷套P。另外,藉由使摩擦攪拌用旋轉器具G沿著封裝體30的周圍繞行一周,而可以提高接合強度,並可以提高接合的作業性。另外,即使是以塑性化區域W未接觸階差面15的程度的壓入深度,仍可以作接合。
另外,較好為將摩擦攪拌用旋轉器具G的肩部G1 的外徑,設定為封裝體30的蓋板部31的厚度的2~5倍。另外,較好為將摩擦攪拌用旋轉器具G的壓入深度(從蓋板部31的上表面至肩部G1的下表面為止的壓入長度),設定為封裝體30的蓋板部31的厚度的5%~20%。藉由將肩部G1的外徑或摩擦攪拌用旋轉器具G的壓入深度作上述設定,可以提高接合強度,其根據在後文中敘述。
另外,在進行摩擦攪拌步驟之前,較好為在封裝體30的蓋板部31中的至少與套本體10的階差面15的接觸面,施以蝕刻處理或氧皮鋁處理。藉由在鋁合金製的封裝體30的表面形成凹凸,由於已熔融的樹脂會進入此凹部而增加接觸面積,而可以作更堅固的接合。
另外,在本實施例中的結構,是在套本體10具有階差面15,而將封裝體30載置於階差面15,但並不受限於此。例如如第7圖所示,亦可以將封裝體30的蓋板部31載置於套本體10的周壁14的上表面,而從封裝體30的上方使摩擦攪拌用旋轉器具G沿著周壁14與蓋板部31的重疊部分作相對移動來進行摩擦攪拌步驟。
[第三實施形態]
接下來,針對本發明的第三實施形態來作說明。在第一實施形態及第二實施形態中,是使用摩擦攪拌用旋轉器具G來進行摩擦攪拌步驟,而接合樹脂構件2與金屬構件3;而在第三實施形態中,是在使用旋轉器具F進行摩擦步驟這一點與第一實施形態及第二實施形態不同。
本實施形態相關之接合方法中,是包含:重合步 驟,將樹脂構件2與金屬構件3重合;以及摩擦步驟,對已重合的構件進行摩擦接合。關於重合步驟,由於與第一實施形態同等而省略其說明。
在摩擦步驟中,如第8圖所示,是使用旋轉器具F(以下亦稱之為摩擦接合用旋轉器具F)來對樹脂構件2與金屬構件3(鋁合金構件3)進行摩擦接合。
摩擦接合用旋轉器具F是具有旋轉軸F1、與設置於旋轉軸F1的前端的器具本體F2。旋轉軸F1與器具本體F2是以同軸形成。旋轉軸F1的基端那一側,是連結著未圖示的驅動裝置。器具本體F2是受到經由旋轉軸F1所傳達之驅動裝置的驅動,而在軸向高速旋轉。器具本體F2是呈圓板狀,由工具鋼等比鋁合金還硬的金屬材料所構成。
摩擦接合用旋轉器具F的形狀、大小等,可因應接合的構件來作適當設定;而在本實施形態中,是使用例如器具本體F2的直徑為100mm、周面F3的寬度為4mm者。另外,摩擦接合用旋轉器具F的壓入深度、旋轉數、接合速度等,可因應接合的構件來作適當設定;而在本實施形態中,是設定在壓入深度為0.2mm、旋轉數為3000rpm、接合速度為500~1500mm/min。
在摩擦步驟中,固定樹脂構件2及鋁合金構件3而使其無法移動之後,一面使摩擦接合用旋轉器具F旋轉、一面將器具本體F2的周面F3在鋁合金構件3的上表面壓入既定的深度(押壓),並使其沿著樹脂構件2與鋁合金構件3的重疊部分作移動。若使用摩擦步驟,以摩擦接合用旋轉器具F與鋁 合金構件3的摩擦熱來熔融樹脂構件2的表面,而在再度硬化之時與鋁合金構件3熔接而堅固地接合。
藉由第三實施形態相關的接合方法,可以得到與第一實施形態大致同等的效果。另外,在摩擦步驟中,由於可以以小於第一實施形態的押壓力來作接合,而適用於接合構件較薄的情況。
另外,在第三實施形態中,較好為在鋁合金構件3的至少與樹脂構件2的接觸面,施以蝕刻處理或氧皮鋁(陽極氧化)處理,在此接觸面形成凹凸之後,進行上述的摩擦步驟。另外,在第三實施例中,是以接合板狀的樹脂構件2與鋁合金構件3的情況為例來作說明,但並不受限於此。例如如第二實施例所揭露,在製造液冷套之時,亦可以進行摩擦步驟來取代摩擦攪拌步驟。
【實施例1】
進行使用摩擦攪拌用旋轉器具G之實施例1~實施例3、與使用摩擦接合用旋轉器具F的實施例4。
第9圖是用以說明實施例1~實施例3的斜視圖。在實施例1~實施例3中,如第9圖所示,是在將板狀的樹脂構件2與板狀的鋁合金構件3重合之後,從鋁合金構件3的上方對於此重合部分點對點地押壓摩擦攪拌用旋轉器具G,藉由摩擦熱而接合複合構件1,並測定此複合構件1的破壞強度。破壞強度的測定,是將第9圖所示的複合構件1設置於已知的拉伸試驗機,以分別拉開樹脂構件2的外側端部及鋁合金構件3的外側端部的方向作拉伸、破壞。
實施例1~實施例3中的樹脂構件2是PET所製,形成為長度100mm、寬度30mm、厚度3mm者。另一方面,鋁合金構件3則是形成為長度100mm、寬度30mm、厚度3mm或5mm者。樹脂構件2與鋁合金構件3的重合部分則為30mm。
在實施例1中,為了導出摩擦攪拌用旋轉器具G的最適合的壓入深度,以試驗1-a~試驗1-f的六種條件,來測定以既定的壓入深度作接合的情況中的破壞強度(拉伸強度)。各試驗的條件則示於表1。
在試驗1-a~試驗1-f中,將既定的壓入深度的破壞強度的相關結果示於表2。而表2、表4及表6中的判定欄,「×」是表示未接合、「△」是表示雖有接合但拉伸強度弱、「○」是表示充分的拉伸強度。
如表2所示,檢視試驗1-a及試驗1-b的結果,若壓入深度為0.2mm以上則破壞強度為3000N以上;但是若壓入深度為0.05mm以下,則由於壓入深度過淺致使樹脂構件2的表層部未熔融而未接合。另外瞭解到,若壓入深度為0.1mm,則鋁合金構件3的板厚為5mm的情況則未接合;若板厚為3mm,則發生接合但是破壞強度小。壓入深度為0.2mm的情況,相對於鋁合金構件3的板厚的比例,在板厚為3mm的情況為6.7%、板厚為5mm的情況則為4%。
另外,由於檢視試驗1-c及1-d、試驗1-e及1-f,其結果與試驗1-a及試驗1-b大致相同,故瞭解到鋁合金構件3的種類不會對破壞強度發生影響。
如上所述,即使將摩擦攪拌用旋轉器具G的壓入深度設定為小於鋁合金構件3的板厚的5%,仍可以接合樹脂構件2與鋁合金構件3,但是為了得到充分的拉伸強度,則較好為將摩擦攪拌用旋轉器具G的壓入深度設定為鋁合金構件3的板厚的5%以上。
另一方面,一旦設定為較大的摩擦攪拌用旋轉器具G的壓入深度,會有因摩擦攪拌所形成的塑性化區與樹脂構件2接觸而混合金屬與樹脂的可能。另外,一旦設定為較大的摩擦攪拌用旋轉器具G的壓入深度,會在摩擦攪拌裝置作用過度的負荷。因此,若考慮這些因素,則較好為將摩擦攪拌用旋轉器具G的壓入深度設定為鋁合金構件3的板厚的20%以下。
【實施例2】
在實施例2中,為了導出摩擦攪拌用旋轉器具G 的最適合肩部G1(請參考第2圖)的外徑,以試驗2-a~試驗2-b的二種條件,來測定以具有既定的肩部G1的外徑之摩擦攪拌用旋轉器具G來作接合的情況中的破壞強度(拉伸強度)。各試驗的條件則示於表3。
試驗2-a、試驗2-b中,既定的肩部的外徑相關的破壞破壞強度的結果是示於表4。
如表4所示,在試驗2-a中,肩部的外徑若大於10.0mm則破壞強度為3000N以上;而若為7.5mm以下則破壞強度顯著下降。
另一方面,在試驗2-b中,肩部的外徑若為7.5mm以上則破壞強度為3000N以上;而若為5.0mm以下則破壞強度顯著下降。
如上所述,即使將摩擦攪拌用旋轉器具G的肩部G1的外徑設定為小於鋁合金構件3的板厚的2倍,仍可以接 合樹脂構件2與鋁合金構件3,但是為了得到充分的拉伸強度,較好為使摩擦攪拌用旋轉器具G的肩部G1外徑為鋁合金構件3的板厚的2倍以上。另外,由於即使肩部G1的外徑大於鋁合金構件3的板厚的5倍,強度仍無變化,故考慮到對摩擦攪拌裝置施加的負荷,肩部G1的外徑,較好為設定為鋁合金構件3的板厚的5倍以下。
【實施例3】
在實施例3中,是進行在鋁合金構件3的表面形成凹凸的情況中與破壞強度的關係的相關試驗。在試驗3-a~試驗3-b的三種條件下,測定對於鋁合金構件3的表面進行既定的處理之後而進行接合的情況中的破壞強度(拉伸強度)。各試驗的條件示於表5。
在試驗3-a~試驗3-c中,鋁合金構件3的各表面處理中的破壞強度的結果是示於表6
表6中的在鋁合金構件3的表面所施作的表面處理中的「無處理」,就是並未在鋁合金構件3施作表面處理。
另外,在「蝕刻A」中,是進行以下所示的蝕刻前處理與蝕刻正式處理。在蝕刻前處理中,首先在常溫下將鋁合金構件3在30wt%的硝酸溶液中浸漬5分鐘之後,以離子交換水充分地水洗。接下來,在50℃下在5wt%的氫氧化鈉溶液中 浸漬1分鐘之後水洗;再於常溫下在30wt%的硝酸溶液中浸漬3分鐘之後水洗。
在蝕刻正式處理中,是對完成蝕刻前處理的鋁合金構件3施以以下的蝕刻處理:在66℃下、在將54g/L的氯化鋁六水合物添加於25wt%的鹽酸溶液中所調製的蝕刻液(氯離子濃度:48g/L)中浸漬4分鐘之後水洗,再於常溫下在30wt%的硝酸溶液中浸漬3分鐘之後水洗,再以120℃的熱風進行5分鐘的乾燥。
另外,在「蝕刻B」中,是在進行上述的蝕刻前處理之後,進行以下所示的蝕刻正式處理。也就是在此蝕刻正式處理中,在66℃下將已進行蝕刻前處理之後的鋁合金構件3在50wt%的磷酸溶液浸漬4分鐘後水洗,之後以120℃的熱風進行5分鐘的乾燥。
另外,在「無氧皮鋁封孔」中,是進行以下所示的氧皮鋁前處理、氧皮鋁正式處理。在氧皮鋁前處理中,首先在常溫下將鋁合金構件3在30wt%的硝酸溶液中浸漬5分鐘之後,以離子交換水充分地水洗。接下來,在50℃下在5wt%的氫氧化鈉溶液中浸漬1分鐘之後水洗;再於常溫下在30wt%的硝酸溶液中浸漬3分鐘之後水洗。
在氧皮鋁正式處理中,是將已進行氧皮鋁前處理之後的鋁合金構件3在18℃的液溫之硫酸濃度160g/L的溶液中進行陽極氧化而使皮膜厚度為10μm之後水洗,再以120℃的熱風進行5分鐘的乾燥。
另外,在「有氧皮鋁封孔」中,是在進行上述的 氧皮鋁前處理之後,進行上述氧皮鋁正式處理。還有,之後在沸騰的水中煮沸10分鐘。藉此,在「有氧皮鋁封孔」中,是進行封孔處理而使細孔變窄。
另外,「金屬絲刷」中,是使用已知的金屬絲刷(wire brush),對鋁合金構件3的表面作粗化切削來作凹凸處理。
如表6所示,檢視試驗3-a及試驗3-b的結果,瞭解到已施作表面處理而使鋁合金構件3的表面凹凸不平者,其拉伸強度較高。另外瞭解到,即使未對鋁合金構件3施作表面處理的情況,仍可以得到充分的拉伸強度。
另外,檢視將鋁合金構件3的板厚薄化、並縮小摩擦攪拌用旋轉器具G的肩部外徑之試驗3-c的結果,瞭解到在已施作「蝕刻A」、「蝕刻B」及「無氧皮鋁封孔」的表面處理的情況,可以得到高拉伸強度。
【實施例4】
在實施例4中,是對說明於第三實施形態(請參考第8圖)的接合方法,測定已接合的構件的破壞強度。破壞強度的測定,是將已接合的構件設置於拉伸試驗機,以分別拉開 樹脂構件2的外側端部及鋁合金構件3的外側端部的方向作拉伸、破壞。
實施例4中的樹脂構件2是PET所製,其厚度為5mm。鋁合金構件3則是1100合金,其厚度為1mm或2mm。樹脂構件2與鋁合金構件3的重合部分則為30mm。接合長度則設定為60mm~70mm。
摩擦接合用旋轉器具F則是使用器具本體F2的直徑為100mm、寬度為4mm的器具C與器具本體F2的直徑為105mm、寬度為10mm的器具D的二種器具。針對器具C,將旋轉數設定為3000rpm;針對器具D,則將旋轉數設定為2857rpm。而將器具C與器具D的圓周速度均設定為942000(mm/min)。
在實施例4中,改變各構件的厚度及旋轉器具的組合,而設定三種(試驗4~試驗6)的前提條件,而以壓入深度及接合速度(進給速度)為參數進行破壞試驗。
試驗4的結果是示於表7。
試驗5的結果是示於表8。
【表8】<試驗5>拉伸試驗結果(N)
根據表7及表8,器具C及器具D均在壓入深度為0.2mm下的接合強度較低,而在壓入深度為0.4mm下的接合強度較高。接合速度為500mm/min之下,則從樹脂構件2破壞。在接合速度到了1500mm/min為止都具有充分的接合強度,而在2000mm/min的情況則接合強度較低。
另一方面,為了檢視鋁合金構件3的板厚的影響,以鋁合金構件3的板厚為1mm的試驗6的結果是示於表9。
如表9所示,即使鋁合金構件3的板厚為1mm,仍得到與板厚為2mm的情況(請參考表8)大致同等的結果。
1‧‧‧複合構件
2‧‧‧樹脂構件
3‧‧‧金屬構件(鋁合金構件)
G‧‧‧摩擦攪拌用旋轉器具
W‧‧‧塑性化區域

Claims (5)

  1. 一種液冷套,其特徵在於:在讓熱輸送流體流動、且一部分具有已開口的凹部的樹脂製之套本體,接合將該凹部的開口部封裝的金屬製的封裝體,其中該熱輸送流體是將產熱體所產生的熱量輸送至外界;該封裝體為鋁製或鋁合金製;以及該封裝體是在與該套本體的接觸面藉由蝕刻處理或陽極氧化處理,而先形成凹凸,樹脂則嵌入於凹部。
  2. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之液冷套,其中:該封裝體朝向上述凹部而直立設置有複數個鰭片。
  3. 一種液冷套,其特徵在於:在讓熱輸送流體流動、且一部分具有已開口的凹部的熱塑性樹脂製之套本體,接合將該凹部的開口部封裝的金屬製的封裝體,其中該熱輸送流體是將產熱體所產生的熱量輸送至外界;該封裝體為鋁製或鋁合金製;以及該封裝體是在與該套本體的接觸面藉由蝕刻處理或陽極氧化處理,而先形成凹凸,樹脂則嵌入於凹部。
  4. 如申請專利範圍第3項所述之液冷套,其中:該封裝體朝向上述凹部而直立設置有複數個鰭片。
  5. 如申請專利範圍第1至4項任一項所述之液冷套,其中:該封裝體在與上述凹部為相反側的面設置有產熱體。
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