WO2015046448A1 - 撹拌係止接合方法及び接合体 - Google Patents

撹拌係止接合方法及び接合体 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2015046448A1
WO2015046448A1 PCT/JP2014/075675 JP2014075675W WO2015046448A1 WO 2015046448 A1 WO2015046448 A1 WO 2015046448A1 JP 2014075675 W JP2014075675 W JP 2014075675W WO 2015046448 A1 WO2015046448 A1 WO 2015046448A1
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Prior art keywords
stirring
recess
tool
joining method
concave portion
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PCT/JP2014/075675
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English (en)
French (fr)
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福田　敏彦
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株式会社Uacj
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/22—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded
    • B23K20/233—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded without ferrous layer
    • B23K20/2333—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded without ferrous layer one layer being aluminium, magnesium or beryllium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
    • B23K20/127—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding friction stir welding involving a mechanical connection
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/06—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using friction, e.g. spin welding
    • B29C65/0681—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using friction, e.g. spin welding created by a tool
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/303—Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect
    • B29C66/3032—Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect making use of protrusions or cavities belonging to at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/30325—Particular design of joint configurations the joint involving an anchoring effect making use of protrusions or cavities belonging to at least one of the parts to be joined making use of cavities belonging to at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/47—Joining single elements to sheets, plates or other substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/472—Joining single elements to sheets, plates or other substantially flat surfaces said single elements being substantially flat
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/74—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material
    • B29C66/742—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material to metals or their alloys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81427—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single ridge, e.g. for making a weakening line; comprising a single tooth
    • B29C66/81429—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single ridge, e.g. for making a weakening line; comprising a single tooth comprising a single tooth
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/836—Moving relative to and tangentially to the parts to be joined, e.g. transversely to the displacement of the parts to be joined, e.g. using a X-Y table
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/18—Sheet panels
    • B23K2101/185—Tailored blanks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
    • B23K2103/10—Aluminium or alloys thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
    • B23K2103/12—Copper or alloys thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/18—Dissimilar materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/30—Organic material
    • B23K2103/42—Plastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/74—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material
    • B29C66/742—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material to metals or their alloys
    • B29C66/7422—Aluminium or alloys of aluminium

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a stirring lock joining method for joining two members and a joined body joined by the stirring lock joining method.
  • friction stir welding is a method of joining two members by plastically flowing two members by rotating a stirring tool and mixing the plastically flowed portions. In friction welding, the members are melted and joined by friction heat, but in friction stir welding, the members are not melted.
  • the friction stir welding is effective when the thickness dimension of the member in contact with the stirring tool is small. However, it is difficult to obtain an effective bonding strength (peeling strength) when the thickness dimension of the member in contact with the stirring tool is large.
  • One aspect of the present invention is a stirring lock joining method, which is a method of joining a first member and a thermoplastic second member, and a recess provided in the first member.
  • the protrusion formed by plastic flow of a part of the second member is equivalent to a state in which the protrusion is press-fitted into the recess and locked. That is, the second member and the first member are in a state where the convex portion is fitted into the concave portion and mechanically joined (fixed). Therefore, even when the thickness dimension of the second member is large, it is possible to obtain an effective bonding strength (peel strength).
  • FIG. 1A is a view showing a joined body 1 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention
  • FIG. 1B is a view showing a joined portion of the joined body 1 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. It is process drawing of the stirring latching joining method which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention.
  • FIG. 3A is a diagram illustrating a first step of the stirring / locking joining method
  • FIG. 3B is a diagram illustrating a second step of the stirring / locking joining method.
  • FIG. 4A is an explanatory view of the direction of rotation of the stirring tool 10 and the like
  • FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view of the first member 2.
  • the present invention is applied to the joining of thermoplastic members such as metals and thermoplastic resins.
  • thermoplastic members such as metals and thermoplastic resins.
  • the arrows and the like indicating the directions given to the drawings are described for easy understanding of the relationship between the drawings.
  • the present invention is not limited to the directions given in the drawings.
  • FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional view of the joined body 1 joined by the stirring lock joining method according to the present embodiment.
  • the joined body 1 is obtained by joining a first member 2 and a second member 3 having thermoplasticity.
  • copper is used for the first member 2
  • a metal whose main component is aluminum is used for the second member 3.
  • the metal mainly composed of aluminum examples include pure aluminum and aluminum alloy.
  • a metal is used as the second member 3, it is desirable to use a wrought material.
  • the material of the 1st member 2 is not ask
  • the first member 2 may be either a wrought material or a cast material.
  • the thickness H 1 of the first member 2 is 10 mm, and the thickness H 2 of the second member 3 is 25 mm.
  • the first member 2 has a recess 2A.
  • the recess 2A is a concave recess extending in a groove shape.
  • the recess 2 ⁇ / b> A is inclined with respect to the direction perpendicular to the contact surface S ⁇ b> 1 between the second member 3 and the first member 2. That is, in FIG. 1B, the depth direction D1 is a direction from the upper right side of the drawing to the lower left side of the drawing.
  • FIG. 1B is a diagram illustrating a cross section of the joined body 1 that is orthogonal to the extending direction (length direction) of the recess 2A.
  • the second member 3 is formed with a convex portion 3A that fits into the concave portion 2A.
  • the convex portion 3A is a portion formed by plastic flow of a part of the second member 3. That is, the concave portion 2A exists before the first member 2 and the second member 3 are joined, whereas the convex portion 3A does not exist before the first member 2 and the second member 3 are joined, When joining the 1st member 2 and the 2nd member 3, it is a site
  • Stirring locking joining method The stirring locking joining method is generally executed through the steps shown in FIG. That is, in the first step (S1), as shown in FIG. 3A, the second member 3 is overlapped at a position covering the recess 2A provided in the first member 2.
  • the surface of the second member 3 opposite to the first member 2 corresponds to the recess 2A.
  • a convex part 3A that fits into the concave part 2A is formed by rotating the part while the stirring tool 10 is in contact therewith.
  • the stirring tool 10 is a stepped cylindrical body having a large diameter portion 10A and a small diameter portion 10B.
  • the diameter dimension of the small diameter part 10B provided at the tip of the stirring tool 10 is larger than the minimum width dimension W1 of the recess 2A.
  • the diameter dimension of the large diameter portion 10A is larger than the maximum width dimension W2 of the recess 2A.
  • the minimum width dimension W1 of the recess 2A is the opening width of the recess 2A when the recess 2A projected on the virtual plane So (FIG. 3B) orthogonal to the rotation center line L1 of the stirring tool 10 is the projection recess 2A.
  • the maximum width dimension W2 of the recess 2A is the maximum width dimension of the projection recess 2A as shown in FIG. 4A.
  • the width direction refers to a direction parallel to the virtual plane So among directions orthogonal to the extending direction of the recess 2A (projection recess 2A).
  • the stirring tool 10 moves along the extending direction of the recess 2A while rotating around the rotation center line L1.
  • the “rotation direction D2” of the projection tool 10 at the tip of the movement direction of the projection tool 10 and the virtual plane
  • the “depth direction D1” projected on the So is the same direction.
  • the direction of rotation of the stirring tool 10 is shown as E
  • the direction of movement of the stirring tool 10 is shown as F.
  • the “depth direction D1” projected onto the virtual plane So coincides with a component parallel to the virtual plane So in the vector indicating the depth direction D1, as is apparent from FIG. 4B. That is, the “rotation direction D2” of the projection tool 10 at the tip of the movement direction of the projection tool 10 is the same direction as the component parallel to the virtual plane So in the vector indicating the depth direction D1.
  • the convex portion 3A formed by plastic flow of a part of the second member 3 is press-fitted into the concave portion 2A to be locked and fixed. It is equivalent to the state. That is, in the present embodiment, the second member 3 and the first member 2 are in a state in which the convex portion 3A is fitted into the concave portion 2A and mechanically joined (fixed). Therefore, even when the thickness dimension of the second member 3 is large, it is possible to obtain an effective bonding strength (peel strength).
  • the plastic flow portion that has flowed contacts the inner peripheral surface of the recess 2A with a large pressure. That is, the plastic flow part is packed into the recess 2A and press-fitted. Therefore, in the state in which the second step (S2) is completed and the convex portion 3A is formed, the convex portion 3A and the concave portion 2A are in contact with each other with a large contact surface pressure (for example, a contact surface pressure of the degree of shrink fitting). It becomes a state.
  • a large contact surface pressure for example, a contact surface pressure of the degree of shrink fitting
  • a part of the second member 3 is plastically flowed to form the convex portion 3A. Therefore, it is desirable that the first member 2 and the second member 3 satisfy any of the following requirements.
  • the melting point of the second member 3 is lower than the melting point of the first member 2.
  • the first member 2 is a cast material, and the second member 3 is a wrought material.
  • the 1st member 2 and the 2nd member 3 are the metals which have aluminum as a main component.
  • the contact surface of the first member 2 with the second member 3 is a so-called “cast skin”, and the surface properties are worse than that of the stretched material.
  • the second member 3 and the first member 2 are in a state in which the convex portion 3A is fitted into the concave portion 2A and mechanically joined (fixed). In joining, it is less affected by surface properties. Therefore, even if the surface property of the first member 2 is poor, the first member 2 and the second member 3 can be reliably joined.
  • the “depth direction D1” of the recess 2A is inclined with respect to the direction orthogonal to the contact surface between the second member 3 and the first member 2. It is said. Thereby, since 3 A of convex parts are latched so that it may catch with respect to 2 A of recessed parts, the 2nd member 3 and the 1st member 2 can be joined more reliably.
  • the “rotation direction D2” of the projection tool 10 and the “depth direction D1” of the projection recess 2A at the front end in the movement direction of the projection tool 10 are the same direction. It is characterized by.
  • the plastically flowed portion can be surely pushed into the recess 2A, the protrusion 3A can be reliably pressed against the recess 2A. Therefore, the 2nd member 3 and the 1st member 2 can be joined more reliably.
  • FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 are cross-sectional views of the joined body 1 joined by the stirring / locking joining method according to the present embodiment.
  • a metal mainly composed of aluminum is used as the first member 2
  • polyvinyl chloride which is a thermoplastic resin
  • the thickness H 1 of the first member 2 is 10 mm
  • the thickness H 2 of the second member 3 is 6 mm.
  • Other basic configurations of the joined body 1 are the same as those of the first embodiment (see FIGS. 1A and 1B and the like).
  • the stirring locking joining method is generally executed through the steps shown in FIG. 2 as in the first embodiment. That is, in the first step (S1), as shown in FIG. 7, the second member 3 is overlapped at a position covering the recess 2A provided in the first member 2. In the second step (S2), as shown in FIG. 7, the surface of the second member 3 opposite to the first member 2 (the upper surface 3B of the second member 3 in FIG. 7) corresponds to the recess 2A. A convex part 3A that fits into the concave part 2A is formed by rotating the part while the stirring tool 10 is in contact therewith.
  • the diameter of the large diameter portion 10A of the stirring tool 10 is 20 mm
  • the diameter of the small diameter portion 10B is 5 mm
  • the thickness of the small diameter portion 10B is 5 mm.
  • the first member 2 is made of metal
  • the second member 3 is made of resin (thermoplastic resin).
  • the same effect as that of the first embodiment can be obtained. That is, it is possible to obtain an effective bonding strength (peeling strength) regarding the bonding between the first member 2 and the second member 3.
  • the recess 2A has a groove shape, but the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the first member 2 and the second member 3 are made of metal.
  • the present invention is not limited to this, and at least the second member 3 may be a material having thermoplasticity.
  • the first member 2 may be made of metal, and the second member 3 may be made of resin (thermoplastic resin).
  • resin thermoplastic resin
  • the first member 2 various materials such as metal and resin can be used.
  • the second member 3 a thermoplastic material such as a metal or a thermoplastic resin can be used.
  • the present invention is not limited to this, and other thermoplastic resins may be used.
  • the “depth direction D1” is inclined with respect to the direction orthogonal to the contact surface between the second member 3 and the first member 2, but the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the “depth direction D1” may be parallel to the orthogonal direction, or the inclination direction may be opposite to that of the above embodiment.
  • the stirring tool 10 has a cylindrical shape
  • the present invention is not limited to this. That is, it is sufficient if the stirring tool 10 has a rotationally symmetric shape with respect to the rotation center line L1. Therefore, for example, the conical taper shape in which the diameter dimension of the small diameter portion 10B and the large diameter portion 10A decreases toward the second member 3 side may be used.
  • the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment as long as it meets the gist of the invention described in the claims.

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Abstract

　本発明では、第２部材の厚み寸法が大きい場合であっても有効な接合強度（剥離強度）を得ることを目的とする。本発明の攪拌係止接合方法では、第１部材（２）と熱可塑性の第２部材（３）とを接合する方法において、第１部材（２）に設けられた凹部（２Ａ）を覆う位置に第２部材（３）を重ねる第１工程と、第２部材（３）のうち第１部材（２）と反対側の表面であって凹部（２Ａ）に対応する部位に撹拌工具（１０）を接触させながら回転させることにより、第２部材（３）の一部を塑性流動させて凹部（２Ａ）に嵌り込む凸部（３Ａ）を形成する第２工程とを備える方法とした。

Description

撹拌係止接合方法及び接合体 関連出願の相互参照
　本国際出願は、２０１３年９月２７日に日本国特許庁に出願された日本国特許出願第２０１３－２０２０６４号に基づく優先権を主張するものであり、日本国特許出願第２０１３－２０２０６４号の全内容を本国際出願に援用する。
　本発明は、２つの部材を接合する撹拌係止接合方法、及び当該撹拌係止接合方法により接合された接合体に関する。
　例えば、特許文献１に記載の接合方法は、接合される２つの部材のうち一方の部材に溝部を設けるとともに、当該溝部の溝幅より大きな直径の小径部を有する撹拌工具を回転させることにより、２つの部材を摩擦撹拌接合（ＦＳＷ：Ｆｒｉｃｔｉｏｎ　Ｓｔｉｒ　Ｗｅｌｄｉｎｇ）する。
　摩擦撹拌接合とは、周知のごとく、撹拌工具の回転によって２つの部材を塑性流動させ、当該塑性流動した部位を混ぜ合わせることにより、２つの部材を接合する方法である。摩擦圧接では部材を摩擦熱により溶融させて接合するが、摩擦撹拌接合では部材を溶融させない。
特開２００２－１５３９７６号公報
　上記摩擦撹拌接合は、撹拌工具が接触する部材の厚み寸法が小さい場合には有効である。しかし、撹拌工具が接触する部材の厚み寸法が大きい場合には有効な接合強度（剥離強度）を得ることが難しい。
　本発明の一側面においては、撹拌係止接合方法において、有効な接合強度を得ることが望ましい。
　本発明の一側面は、攪拌係止接合方法であって、該攪拌係止接合方法は、第１部材と熱可塑性の第２部材とを接合する方法であり、第１部材に設けられた凹部を覆う位置に第２部材を重ねる第１工程と、第２部材のうち第１部材と反対側の表面であって凹部に対応する部位に撹拌工具を接触させながら回転させることにより、第２部材の一部を塑性流動させて凹部に嵌り込む凸部を形成する第２工程とを備えることを特徴とする。
　これにより、第２部材の一部が塑性流動することにより形成された凸部が凹部に圧入されて係止固定された状態と同等となる。つまり、第２部材と第１部材とは、凸部が凹部に嵌り込んで機械的に接合（固定）された状態となる。したがって、第２部材の厚み寸法が大きい場合であっても有効な接合強度（剥離強度）を得ることが可能となる。
図１Ａは本発明の実施形態１に係る接合体１を示す図であり、図１Ｂは本発明の実施形態１に係る接合体１の接合部分を示す図である。 本発明の実施形態１に係る撹拌係止接合方法の工程図である。 図３Ａは撹拌係止接合方法の第１工程を示す図であり、図３Ｂは撹拌係止接合方法の第２工程を示す図である。 図４Ａは撹拌工具１０の回転の向き等の説明図であり、図４Ｂは第１部材２の断面図である。 本発明の実施形態２に係る接合体１を示す図である。 本発明の実施形態２に係る接合体１の接合部分を示す図である。 撹拌係止接合方法の第１工程及び第２工程を示す図である。
　１… 接合体　２… 第１部材　２Ａ… 凹部　３… 第２部材　３Ａ… 凸部　１０… 撹拌工具　１０Ａ… 大径部　１０Ｂ… 小径部
　以下に説明する「発明の実施形態」は実施形態の一例を示すものである。つまり、特許請求の範囲に記載された発明特定事項等は、下記の実施形態に示された具体的手段や構造等に限定されるものではない。
　本実施形態は、金属、熱可塑性樹脂等の熱可塑性を有する部材の接合に本発明を適用したものである。各図に付された方向を示す矢印等は、各図相互の関係を理解し易くするために記載したものである。本発明は、各図に付された方向に限定されるものではない。
　少なくとも符号を付して説明した部材又は部位は、「複数」、「２つ以上」等の断りをした場合を除き、少なくとも１つ設けられている。以下、本発明の実施形態を図面と共に説明する。
　（実施形態１）
　１．接合体
　図１Ａは、本実施形態に係る撹拌係止接合方法により接合された接合体１の断面図である。接合体１は、第１部材２と熱可塑性を有する第２部材３とが接合されたものである。本実施形態では、第１部材２として銅を用い、第２部材３としてアルミニウムを主成分とする金属を用いている。
　アルミニウムを主成分とする金属とは、例えば、純アルミニウム、アルミニウム合金等である。第２部材３として金属を用いる場合には展伸材を用いることが望ましい。第１部材２の材質は不問である。第１部材２として金属を用いた場合においては、第１部材２は展伸材及び鋳造材のいずれであってもよい。第１部材２の厚みＨ1は１０ｍｍ、第２部材３の厚みＨ2は２５ｍｍである。
　図１Ｂに示すように、第１部材２には凹部２Ａが設けられている。当該凹部２Ａは溝状に延びた凹条の窪部である。凹部２Ａは、その「深さの向きＤ１」が第２部材３と第１部材２との接触面Ｓ1と直交する方向に対して傾いている。つまり、図１Ｂにおいては、深さの向きＤ１は、紙面右上から紙面左下に向かう向きである。ここで、図１Ｂは、接合体１において、凹部２Ａの延び方向（長さ方向）に直交する断面を示す図である。
　第２部材３には凹部２Ａに嵌り込む凸部３Ａが形成されている。当該凸部３Ａは第２部材３の一部が塑性流動して形成された部位である。つまり、凹部２Ａは第１部材２と第２部材３とを接合する前から存在するのに対して、凸部３Ａは第１部材２と第２部材３とを接合する前に存在せず、第１部材２と第２部材３とを接合する際に、後述する撹拌工具１０により形成される部位である。
　２．撹拌係止接合方法
　撹拌係止接合方法は、概ね図２に示す工程を経て実行される。すなわち、第１工程（Ｓ１）では、図３Ａに示すように、第１部材２に設けられた凹部２Ａを覆う位置に第２部材３が重ねられる。
　第２工程（Ｓ２）では、図３Ｂに示すように、第２部材３のうち第１部材２と反対側の表面（図３Ｂでは第２部材３の上面３Ｂ）であって凹部２Ａに対応する部位に、撹拌工具１０が接触した状態で回転することにより、凹部２Ａに嵌り込む凸部３Ａが形成される。
　撹拌工具１０は大径部１０Ａ及び小径部１０Ｂを有する段付き状の円柱体である。撹拌工具１０の先端に設けられた小径部１０Ｂの直径寸法は、凹部２Ａの最小幅寸法Ｗ１より大きい。大径部１０Ａの直径寸法は、凹部２Ａの最大幅寸法Ｗ２より大きい。
　凹部２Ａの最小幅寸法Ｗ１とは、撹拌工具１０の回転中心線Ｌ１に対して直交する仮想平面Ｓｏ（図３Ｂ）に投影された凹部２Ａを投影凹部２Ａとした場合において、凹部２Ａの開口幅をいう。凹部２Ａの最大幅寸法Ｗ２とは、図４Ａに示すように、投影凹部２Ａの最大幅寸法をいう。幅方向とは、凹部２Ａ（投影凹部２Ａ）の延び方向と直交する方向のうち仮想平面Ｓｏと平行な方向をいう。
　撹拌工具１０は、回転中心線Ｌ１を中心に回転しながら凹部２Ａの延び方向に沿って移動する。そして、仮想平面Ｓｏに投影された撹拌工具１０を投影工具１０とした場合において、図４Ａに示すように、投影工具１０の移動方向先端における投影工具１０の「回転の向きＤ２」と、仮想平面Ｓｏに投影された「深さの向きＤ１」とが同一の向きとなっている。図４Ａでは、撹拌工具１０の回転の向きをＥ、撹拌工具１０の移動の向きをＦとして示す。
　仮想平面Ｓｏに投影された「深さの向きＤ１」とは、図４Ｂから明らかなように、深さの向きＤ１を示すベクトルのうち仮想平面Ｓｏと平行な成分と一致する。つまり、投影工具１０の移動方向先端における投影工具１０の「回転の向きＤ２」は、深さの向きＤ１を示すベクトルのうち仮想平面Ｓｏと平行な成分と同一の向きとなっている。
　３．本実施形態に係る撹拌係止接合方法及び接合体の特徴
　本実施形態では、第２部材３の一部が塑性流動することにより形成された凸部３Ａが凹部２Ａに圧入されて係止固定された状態と同等となる。つまり、本実施形態では、第２部材３と第１部材２とは、凸部３Ａが凹部２Ａに嵌り込んで機械的に接合（固定）された状態となる。したがって、第２部材３の厚み寸法が大きい場合であっても有効な接合強度（剥離強度）を得ることが可能となる。
　第２部材３の一部が塑性流動して凹部２Ａに侵入する際、その流動してきた塑性流動部は凹部２Ａの内周面に対して大きな圧力で接触する。つまり、塑性流動部は、凹部２Ａ内に詰め込まれて圧入された状態となる。したがって、第２工程（Ｓ２）が終了して凸部３Ａが形成された状態においては、凸部３Ａと凹部２Ａとは大きな接触面圧（例えば、焼きばめ程度の接触面圧）で接触した状態となる。
　本実施形態は、第２部材３の一部を塑性流動させて凸部３Ａを形成することから、第１部材２及び第２部材３として、以下のいずれかの要件を満たすことが望ましい。すなわち、（１）第２部材３の融点が第１部材２の融点より低い温度である。（２）第１部材２は鋳造材であり、かつ、第２部材３は展伸材である。
　そして、上記（２）の要件を満たす場合、第１部材２及び第２部材３は、アルミニウムを主成分とする金属であることが望ましい。第１部材２を鋳造材とした場合、第１部材２のうち第２部材３との接触面は、いわゆる「鋳肌」となって表面性状が展伸材に比べて悪くなる。
　しかし、本実施形態に係る撹拌係止接合方法では、第２部材３と第１部材２とは、凸部３Ａが凹部２Ａに嵌り込んで機械的に接合（固定）された状態となるので、接合に当たり、表面性状の影響を受けることが少ない。したがって、第１部材２の表面性状が悪い場合であっても確実に第１部材２と第２部材３とを接合できる。
　本実施形態では、図１Ｂに示すように、凹部２Ａの「深さの向きＤ１」が、第２部材３と第１部材２との接触面と直交する方向に対して傾いていることを特徴としている。これにより、凸部３Ａが凹部２Ａに対して引っ掛かるように係止されるので、第２部材３と第１部材２とをより確実に接合でき得る。
　本実施形態では、図４Ａに示すように、投影工具１０の移動方向先端における投影工具１０の「回転の向きＤ２」と投影凹部２Ａの「深さの向きＤ１」とが同一の向きであることを特徴としている。
　これにより、本実施形態では、塑性流動した部位を確実に凹部２Ａ内に押し込むことができるので、凸部３Ａを凹部２Ａに確実に圧接させることができる。したがって、第２部材３と第１部材２とをより確実に接合でき得る。
　（実施形態２）
　１．接合体
　図５及び図６は、本実施形態に係る撹拌係止接合方法により接合された接合体１の断面図である。本実施形態では、第１部材２としてアルミニウムを主成分とする金属を用い、第２部材３として熱可塑性樹脂であるポリ塩化ビニルを用いている。第１部材２の厚みＨ1は１０ｍｍ、第２部材３の厚みＨ2は６ｍｍである。接合体１のその他の基本的な構成は、前述の実施形態１と同様である（図１Ａ及び図１Ｂ等参照）。
　２．撹拌係止接合方法
　撹拌係止接合方法は、前述の実施形態１と同様に、概ね図２に示す工程を経て実行される。すなわち、第１工程（Ｓ１）では、図７に示すように、第１部材２に設けられた凹部２Ａを覆う位置に第２部材３が重ねられる。第２工程（Ｓ２）では、図７に示すように、第２部材３のうち第１部材２と反対側の表面（図７では第２部材３の上面３Ｂ）であって凹部２Ａに対応する部位に、撹拌工具１０が接触した状態で回転することにより、凹部２Ａに嵌り込む凸部３Ａが形成される。本実施形態では、撹拌工具１０の大径部１０Ａの径が２０ｍｍ、小径部１０Ｂの径が５ｍｍ、小径部１０Ｂの厚みが５ｍｍである。攪拌係止接合方法のその他詳細は、前述の実施形態１と同様である。
　３．本実施形態に係る撹拌係止接合方法及び接合体の特徴
　本実施形態では、第１部材２を金属製とし、第２部材３を樹脂（熱可塑性樹脂）製としている。この場合にも、前述の実施形態１と同様の作用効果が得られる。つまり、第１部材２と第２部材３との接合に関して、有効な接合強度（剥離強度）を得ることが可能となる。
　（その他の実施形態）
　上述の実施形態では凹部２Ａを溝状としたが、本発明はこれに限定されるものではない。
　上述の実施形態１では、第１部材２及び第２部材３を金属製としたが、本発明はこれに限定されるものではなく、少なくとも第２部材３が熱可塑性を有する材料であればよい。例えば、上述の実施形態２のように、第１部材２を金属製とし、第２部材３を樹脂（熱可塑性樹脂）製としてもよい。第１部材２としては、金属、樹脂等の様々な材料を用いることができる。第２部材３としては、金属、熱可塑性樹脂等の熱可塑性を有する材料を用いることができる。
　上述の実施形態２では、第２部材３として、熱可塑性樹脂であるポリ塩化ビニルを用いたが、これに限定されるものではなく、その他の熱可塑性樹脂を用いてもよい。
　上述の実施形態では、「深さの向きＤ１」が第２部材３と第１部材２との接触面と直交する方向に対して傾いていたが、本発明はこれに限定されるものではなく、例えば、「深さの向きＤ１」を当該直交する方向と平行とする、又は傾きの向きを上記実施形態と逆向きにする等としてもよい。
　上述の実施形態に係る撹拌工具１０は円柱状であったが、本発明はこれに限定されるものではない。すなわち、撹拌工具１０は、回転中心線Ｌ１に対して回転対称形状であれば十分である。したがって、例えば、小径部１０Ｂ及び大径部１０Ａの直径寸法が、第２部材３側に向かうほど縮小する円錐テーパ状であってもよい。
　また、本発明は、特許請求の範囲に記載された発明の趣旨に合致するものであればよく、上述の実施形態に限定されるものではない。

Claims (7)

  1. 　攪拌係止接合方法であって、
    　該攪拌係止接合方法は、第１部材と熱可塑性の第２部材とを接合する方法であり、
    　前記第１部材に設けられた凹部を覆う位置に前記第２部材を重ねる第１工程と、
    　前記第２部材のうち前記第１部材と反対側の表面であって前記凹部に対応する部位に撹拌工具を接触させながら回転させることにより、前記第２部材の一部を塑性流動させて前記凹部に嵌り込む凸部を形成する第２工程と
    　を備えることを特徴とする撹拌係止接合方法。
  2. 　前記凹部の「深さの向き」は、前記第２部材と前記第１部材との接触面と直交する方向に対して傾いていることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の撹拌係止接合方法。
  3. 　前記凹部は溝状に延び、かつ、前記第２工程では、前記撹拌工具を回転させながら前記撹拌工具を前記凹部の延び方向に移動させ、
    　前記撹拌工具の回転中心線に対して直交する仮想平面に投影された前記撹拌工具を投影工具とし、前記仮想平面に投影された前記凹部を投影凹部としたとき、
    　前記投影工具の移動方向先端における前記投影工具の「回転の向き」と前記投影凹部の「深さの向き」とが同一の向きであることを特徴とする請求項２に記載の撹拌係止接合方法。
  4. 　前記第２部材の融点は、前記第１部材の融点より低い温度であることを特徴とする請求項１ないし３のいずれか１項に記載の撹拌係止接合方法。
  5. 　前記第１部材は鋳造材であり、前記第２部材は展伸材であることを特徴とする請求項１ないし３のいずれか１項に記載の撹拌係止接合方法。
  6. 　前記第１部材及び前記第２部材はアルミニウムを主成分とする金属であることを特徴とする請求項５に記載の撹拌係止接合方法。
  7. 　接合体であって、
    　該接合体は、第１部材と熱可塑性の第２部材とが接合された接合体であり、
    　前記第２部材に設けられ、かつ前記第１部材に設けられた凹部に嵌り込む凸部を備え、
    　前記凸部は前記第２部材の一部が塑性流動して形成された部位である
    　ことを特徴とする接合体。
PCT/JP2014/075675 2013-09-27 2014-09-26 撹拌係止接合方法及び接合体 WO2015046448A1 (ja)

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CN113231726A (zh) * 2021-03-25 2021-08-10 航天材料及工艺研究所 一种铝合金贮箱薄壁环形结构无飞溅电子束焊接方法

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