CN104308357A - 液冷套 - Google Patents

液冷套 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104308357A
CN104308357A CN201410507777.7A CN201410507777A CN104308357A CN 104308357 A CN104308357 A CN 104308357A CN 201410507777 A CN201410507777 A CN 201410507777A CN 104308357 A CN104308357 A CN 104308357A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
friction
aluminium alloy
stir
throw
alloy element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN201410507777.7A
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English (en)
Other versions
CN104308357B (zh
Inventor
濑尾伸城
堀久司
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nippon Light Metal Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Nippon Light Metal Co Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Nippon Light Metal Co Ltd filed Critical Nippon Light Metal Co Ltd
Publication of CN104308357A publication Critical patent/CN104308357A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN104308357B publication Critical patent/CN104308357B/zh
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
    • B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
    • B23K20/122—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding
    • B23K20/1245—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding using a non-consumable tool, e.g. friction stir welding characterised by the apparatus
    • B23K20/1255—Tools therefor, e.g. characterised by the shape of the probe
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/06—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using friction, e.g. spin welding
    • B29C65/0681—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using friction, e.g. spin welding created by a tool
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/44—Joining a heated non plastics element to a plastics element
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/56—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits
    • B29C65/64—Joining a non-plastics element to a plastics element, e.g. by force
    • B29C65/645—Joining a non-plastics element to a plastics element, e.g. by force using friction or ultrasonic vibrations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/114—Single butt joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/122—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/1222—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least a lapped joint-segment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/122—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/1224—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least a butt joint-segment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/54—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles
    • B29C66/542—Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells, to form hollow articles, e.g. for making balls, containers; Joining several hollow-preforms, e.g. half-cylinders, to form tubular articles joining hollow covers or hollow bottoms to open ends of container bodies
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/65—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles with a relative motion between the article and the welding tool
    • B29C66/652—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles with a relative motion between the article and the welding tool moving the welding tool around the fixed article
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/74—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material
    • B29C66/742—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material to metals or their alloys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81427—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single ridge, e.g. for making a weakening line; comprising a single tooth
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81427—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single ridge, e.g. for making a weakening line; comprising a single tooth
    • B29C66/81429—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single ridge, e.g. for making a weakening line; comprising a single tooth comprising a single tooth
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/836—Moving relative to and tangentially to the parts to be joined, e.g. transversely to the displacement of the parts to be joined, e.g. using a X-Y table
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/836—Moving relative to and tangentially to the parts to be joined, e.g. transversely to the displacement of the parts to be joined, e.g. using a X-Y table
    • B29C66/8362—Rollers, cylinders or drums moving relative to and tangentially to the parts to be joined
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F1/00—Details not covered by groups G06F3/00 - G06F13/00 and G06F21/00
    • G06F1/16—Constructional details or arrangements
    • G06F1/20—Cooling means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
    • B23K2101/04—Tubular or hollow articles
    • B23K2101/12—Vessels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
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    • B23K2101/18—Sheet panels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
    • B23K2103/10—Aluminium or alloys thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/18—Dissimilar materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
    • B23K2103/30—Organic material
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/74—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material
    • B29C66/742—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material to metals or their alloys
    • B29C66/7422—Aluminium or alloys of aluminium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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Abstract

本发明提供具有足够的接合强度并可以简易接合的液冷套。所述液冷套在具有供将产热体所产生的热量输送至外部的热输送流体流动且一部分开口的凹部的热塑性树脂制的套本体上，接合有将所述凹部的开口部封闭的金属制封装体，其特征是，所述封装体是铝制的或是铝合金制的，所述封装体在与所述套本体接触的接触面上通过蚀刻处理或阳极氧化处理形成凹凸，热塑性树脂能进入凹部分。

Description

液冷套
本发明专利申请是国际申请号为PCT/JP2009/070541，国际申请日为2009年12月08日，进入中国国家阶段的申请号为200980150166.9，名称为“树脂构件与金属构件的接合方法及液冷套的制造方法”的发明专利申请的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种液冷套。
背景技术
汽车业界、产业机器业界等广泛的领域正在寻求粘接或机械性地固接树脂构件与金属构件的技术。作为将树脂构件与金属构件相对简易接合的方法，可列举出使用粘接材料。而利用粘接材料，存在无法得到足够的强度的问题。因此，在专利文献1所公开的技术中，预先将铝合金制的金属构件插入模具后，将树脂塑性物质射出至该模具而将两个构件接合。
专利文献1：日本专利特开2007-50630号公报
发明内容
发明所要解决的技术问题
然而，若使用上述以往的接合方法，会存在模具的成形及脱模等费时费力、接合作业繁杂的问题。另外，在以往的接合方法中，由于是一边进行射出成形一边使树脂与金属构件接合，因此存在对于既存的树脂部件无法进行接合的问题。也就是说，以往的接合方法缺乏设计自由度。
从上述观点出发，本发明的技术问题在于提供具有足够的接合强度且可以简易接合的液冷套。
解决技术问题所采用的技术方案
为了解决上述问题，本发明的液冷套，在具有供将产热体所产生的热量输送至外部的热输送流体流动且一部分开口的凹部的热塑性树脂制的套本体上，接合有将所述凹部的开口部封闭的金属制封装体，其特征是，所述封装体是铝制的或是铝合金制的，所述封装体在与所述套本体接触的接触面上通过蚀刻处理或阳极氧化处理形成凹凸，热塑性树脂能进入凹部分。
另外，较为理想的是，所述封装体包括盖板部和多个肋片，这些肋片形成于所述盖板部且朝向所述凹部延伸设置，利用所述凹部的底面与多个所述肋片在所述凹部内划分出筒状的空间。
发明效果
根据本发明的液冷套，能够具有足够的接合强度且可以简易接合。
附图说明
图1是表示第一实施方式的树脂构件与金属构件的接合方法的立体图。
图2是表示摩擦搅拌用旋转工具的图，图2(a)是剖视图，图2(b)是底面图。
图3是表示第二实施方式的液冷套的分解立体图。
图4是从下方仰视第二实施方式的液冷套的封装体的立体图。
图5是表示第二实施方式的摩擦搅拌工序的俯视图，图5(a)表示开始部分，图5(b)表示结束部分。
图6是图5(a)的I-I线剖视图。
图7是表示第二实施方式的摩擦搅拌工序的变形例的剖视图。
图8是表示第三实施方式的树脂构件与金属构件的接合方法的立体图。
图9是用以说明实施例的立体图。
具体实施方式
第一实施方式
参照附图对本发明的第一实施方式作详细说明。如图1所示，在本实施方式中，以接合板状的树脂构件2与板状的金属构件3来形成复合构件1的情况为例进行说明。
本实施方式的树脂构件与金属构件的接合方法(以下简称为“接合方法”)包括：重合工序，在该工序中使树脂构件2与金属构件3重合；以及摩擦搅拌工序，在该工序中对金属构件3进行摩擦搅拌。
首先，在重合工序中，如图1所示，将金属构件3载置于树脂构件2上，使树脂构件2的上表面的一部分与金属构件3的下表面的一部分接触。在本实施方式中，树脂构件2是PET(polyethylene terephthalate；聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯)制的板状构件。树脂构件2的材质并不限于PET，可根据用途而从热塑性树脂中作适当选择。
在本实施方式中，金属构件3是铝合金制(A5052-O)的板状构件。金属构件3可根据用途而从铝、铝合金、铜、铜合金、钛、钛合金、镁、镁合金等可以摩擦搅拌的金属材料中作适当选择。以下，也将金属构件3称为”铝合金构件3”。
接下来，在摩擦搅拌工序中，如图2(a)及图2(b)所示，使用旋转工具G(以下也称为摩擦搅拌用旋转工具G)，从铝合金构件3的上表面侧对铝合金构件3进行摩擦搅拌。摩擦搅拌用旋转工具G具有大致呈圆柱形的肩部G1、从肩部G1的下表面(端面)突出的销(pin)部G2。摩擦搅拌用旋转工具G由工具钢等比铝合金构件3还硬的金属材料所构成。如图2(b)所示，销部G2具有俯视呈螺旋状的螺旋部G11、形成于肩部G1的中央而俯视呈圆形的圆形部G12。肩部G1及销部G2的形状、大小等可根据接合的对象物来作适当设定。另外，也可以使用未设置销部G2、肩部G1的下表面(端面)平坦的摩擦搅拌用旋转工具。
在摩擦搅拌工序中，固定树脂构件2及铝合金构件3而使其无法移动后，使摩擦搅拌用旋转工具G的下表面(端面)与铝合金构件3对向，在铝合金构件3的上表面的任意位置将其压入(按压)规定深度，并使摩擦搅拌用旋转工具G沿着铝合金构件3的长边方向作相对移动。摩擦搅拌用旋转工具G的转速(旋转速度)及接合速度(进给速度)并无特别限制，例如以转速1000rpm、接合速度300mm/min来移动。
在铝合金构件3的上表面，沿着摩擦搅拌用旋转工具G的移动轨迹而形成塑性化区域W。在此，“塑性化区域”包括因摩擦搅拌用旋转工具G的摩擦热被加热而表现为塑性化的状态、摩擦搅拌用旋转工具G通过而回到常温的状态这两种状态。在本实施方式中，以塑性化区域W不接触树脂构件2的程度的压入深度来进行摩擦搅拌。另外，最好通过切削加工将因摩擦搅拌而在铝合金构件3的上表面产生的毛刺切除。
若使用上述接合方法，对于树脂构件2与铝合金构件3的重合部分，从铝合金构件3的上方按压旋转的摩擦搅拌用旋转工具G并使其移动，利用摩擦热来熔化树脂构件2表面(表层部分)的树脂，并随着温度降低而使其再次硬化。藉此，将树脂构件2焊接于铝合金构件3的下表面而接合。也就是说，可以仅通过按压摩擦搅拌用旋转工具G而较容易地接合两个构件。另外，在上述现有方法中，由于同时进行树脂的射出成形以及树脂构件与铝合金构件的接合，因此不可能对既存的构件进行接合，但若使用本实施方式的接合方法，则也可以对既存的树脂构件2及铝合金构件3进行接合。
另外，由于仅在所期望的接合处按压摩擦搅拌用旋转工具G，从而可以提高设计的自由度。另外，因为通过将摩擦搅拌用旋转工具G的端面按压至铝合金构件3而可以均衡地按压金属构件，因此可以提高接合精度。另外，也可以接合成因摩擦搅拌而形成的塑性化区域W与树脂构件2接触，但也可如本实施方式所示，以塑性化区域W与树脂构件2不接触的程度来进行较浅的摩擦搅拌而接合。
另外，较为理想的是，将摩擦搅拌用旋转工具G的肩部G1的外径设定为铝合金构件3的厚度的2～5倍。另外，较为理想的是，将摩擦搅拌用旋转工具G的压入深度(从铝合金构件3的上表面至肩部G1的下表面为止的压入长度)设定为铝合金构件3的厚度的5％～20％。通过将肩部G1的外径或摩擦搅拌用旋转工具G的压入深度作上述设定，可以提高接合强度。其根据在后文中叙述。
另外，较为理想的是，在铝合金构件3的至少与树脂构件2接触的面上，进行蚀刻处理或氧化铝膜(阳极氧化)处理，在该接触面上形成凹凸后，进行上述摩擦搅拌工序。若使用该接合方法，由于已熔化的树脂会进入铝合金构件3的凹部而增加树脂构件2与铝合金构件3的接触面积，因此能更牢固地接合。
蚀刻处理例如是将铝合金构件3浸渍于在盐酸溶液中添加氯化铝六水合物所调制而成的蚀刻液进行的。另一方面，氧化铝膜处理是使用稀硫酸或草酸等而以铝合金为阳极来作电解，从而以电化学的方式使铝合金构件3的表面氧化来进行的。
另外，作为使铝合金构件3的表面成为凹凸表面的表面处理，并不限定为蚀刻处理或氧化铝膜处理，例如也可以利用金属丝刷(wire brush)等研磨表面使其粗化而形成凹凸。
第二实施方式
接下来，对本发明的第二实施方式进行说明。在本实施方式中，如图3所示，以制造具有树脂制的套本体10与金属制(在本实施方式中为铝合金制)的封装体30的液冷套P的情况为例进行说明。液冷套P例如用于CPU(centralprocessing unit；中央处理单元)等产热体的冷却。
如图3所示，液冷套P由具有供作为热输送流体的水(未图示)流动且一部分开口的凹部11的套本体10、固定于套本体10的封装凹部11的开口部12的封装体30所构成，其中上述热输送流体将作为产热体的CPU(未图示)所产生的热量输送至外部。
液冷套P在其上方侧的盖板部31的中央隔着散热片(未图示)安装有CPU(未图示)，在已安装CPU的状态下，使冷却水在液冷套P内流通，来夺取CPU所产生的热量，并与在内部流通的冷却水进行热交换。藉此，盖板部31将从CPU取得的热量传递至冷却水，其结果是，能有效地冷却CPU。另外，散热片是用于将CPU的热量有效地传递至盖板部31的片状物，例如是由铜等具有高导热性的金属形成。
套本体10是一侧(在本实施方式中为上侧)开口的浅底的箱体，在其内侧形成有凹部11，并具有底壁13和周壁14。在本实施方式中，套本体10是由热塑性树脂所成形的。藉此，能实现液冷套P的轻量化且容易操作。
在套本体10的凹部11的开口周围边缘部12a，在从周壁14的上表面向下一段距离的位置形成有台阶面15。从周壁14的上表面到台阶面15为止的距离(深度)与后文所述的封装体30的盖板部31的厚度尺寸相同。在台阶面15上载置封装体30的盖板部31的周缘。为了确保供冷却水流动的凹部11的容积，最好将台阶面15的宽度W1设定得尽可能小，而在本实施方式中，形成为比摩擦搅拌用旋转工具G的肩部G1的外径大。
在周壁14的相互对向的一对壁部14a、14a中，分别形成有为使冷却水流入凹部11的通孔16、16。在本实施方式中，通孔16、16沿壁部14a、14a的对向方向(图3中X方向)延伸，并具有圆形截面，形成于凹部11的深度方向的中间部。另外，通孔16的形状及位置并不受限于此，可根据冷却水的种类、流量等作适当变更。
如图3及图4所示，封装体30具有板状的盖板部31和多个肋片32、32…，其中盖板部31具有与套本体10的凹部11的开口部12(参照图3)相同形状(在本实施方式为正方形)的平面形状，多个肋片32、32…设于盖板部31的下表面。
多个肋片32、32…配置成相互平行且与盖板部31正交，并与盖板部31形成一体。藉此，热量能顺利地在盖板部31与肋片32、32…之间传递。如图3所示，肋片32、32…配置成在与形成有通孔16、16的周壁14的壁部14a、14a正交的方向(图3中的X轴方向)上延伸。肋片32的高度(深度)尺寸(图3中的Z轴方向长度)与凹部11的深度尺寸相等，使得其前端部抵接于凹部11的底面。藉此，在封装体30安装于套本体10的状态下，利用封装体30的盖板部31、相邻的肋片32、32、凹部11的底面划分出筒状的空间，此空间的功能是作为供冷却水流动的流路33(参照图5(a))。另外，肋片32、32…的长度尺寸(图3中的X轴方向长度)比凹部11的一边的长度尺寸短，且其两端与凹部11的周壁14的各壁部14a、14a的内壁面分别隔着规定间隔。藉此，在将封装体30安装于套本体10的状态下，肋片32、32…的两端外侧的与凹部11的周壁14的壁部14a之间的空间构成从通孔16朝与肋片32的延伸方向正交的方向(图3中的Y轴方向)扩展的流路汇集部34(参照图5(a))。
封装体30是由铝合金所形成的。封装体30是将铝合金形成的块状物切削加工而形成的。另外，封装体30可根据用途而从铝、铝合金、铜、铜合金、钛、钛合金、镁、镁合金等可以摩擦搅拌的金属材料中作适当选择。
接下来，以图5对液冷套P的制造方法进行具体说明。本实施方式的液冷套的制造方法包括：载置工序，在该工序中，将封装体30载置于套本体10；以及摩擦搅拌工序，在该工序中，沿着对接部40的内侧进行摩擦搅拌。
在载置工序中，如图3及图5(a)所示，使肋片32位于下侧而将封装体30插入套本体10的凹部11，从而将封装体30的盖板部31载置于台阶面15上。在此，套本体10的凹部11的开口周缘部12a与封装体30的周缘部30a对接，从而构成对接部40。
在摩擦搅拌工序中，使摩擦搅拌用旋转工具G沿着该对接部40的内侧作相对移动。也就是使摩擦搅拌用旋转工具G的下表面(端面)与封装体30对向、并以规定压入深度按压后，使其沿着套本体10的台阶面15(参照图3)与封装体30的盖板部31重合的重合部分移动。此时较为理想的是，预先在套本体10的周壁14的周围表面套上从四个方向围住套本体10的夹具(未图示)，以使套本体10不移动。
在摩擦搅拌工序中，如图5(a)及图6所示，将摩擦搅拌用旋转工具G的插入位置(开始端54a)设定在对接部40的内侧。然后，在将摩擦搅拌用旋转工具G的旋转中心Q与台阶面15的宽度方向的中心重叠的状态下，使摩擦搅拌用旋转工具G移动来对盖板部31作摩擦搅拌。
之后，继续摩擦搅拌用旋转工具G的旋转和移动，如图5(b)所示，使摩擦搅拌用旋转工具G绕着开口部12的周围一圈而形成塑性化区域W。此时，摩擦搅拌用旋转工具G的开始端54a(参照图5(a))与结束端54b(参照图5(b))是重叠的，使得塑性化区域W的一部分重叠。
如上所述，使摩擦搅拌用旋转工具G沿着对接部40(参照图5(a))的内侧绕行一周而进行摩擦搅拌，从而将封装体30固定于套本体10，藉此形成液冷套P。
根据本实施方式的液冷套P的制造方法，对铝合金制的封装体30作摩擦搅拌，利用其摩擦热来熔化套本体10的树脂，而在再次硬化时与封装体30焊接而牢固地接合。也就是说，可以仅通过按压摩擦搅拌用旋转工具G并使其相对移动而接合套本体10与封装体30，因此可以容易地制造液冷套P。另外，通过使摩擦搅拌用旋转工具G沿着封装体30的周围绕行一周，可以提高接合强度，并可以提高接合的作业性。另外，即使是以塑性化区域W与台阶面15不接触程度的压入深度，仍可以作接合。
另外，较为理想的是，将摩擦搅拌用旋转工具G的肩部G1的外径设定为封装体30的盖板部31的厚度的2～5倍。另外，较为理想的是，将摩擦搅拌用旋转工具G的压入深度(从盖板部31的上表面至肩部G1的下表面为止的压入长度)设定为封装体30的盖板部31的厚度的5％～20％。通过将肩部G1的外径或摩擦搅拌用旋转工具G的压入深度作上述设定，可以提高接合强度。其根据在后文中叙述。
另外，也可在进行摩擦搅拌工序之前，对封装体30的盖板部31的至少与套本体10的台阶面15接触的面进行蚀刻处理或氧化铝膜处理。通过在铝合金制的封装体30的表面形成凹凸，已熔化的树脂会进入该凹部而增加接触面积，从而可以作更牢固的接合。
另外，在本实施例中，在套本体10设有台阶面15，将封装体30载置于台阶面15，但并不受限于此。例如图7所示，也可以将封装体30的盖板部31载置于套本体10的周壁14的上表面，从封装体30的上方使摩擦搅拌用旋转工具G沿着周壁14与盖板部31的重叠部分作相对移动来进行摩擦搅拌工序。
第三实施方式
接下来，对本发明的第三实施方式进行说明。在第一实施方式及第二实施方式中，使用摩擦搅拌用旋转工具G来进行摩擦搅拌工序，从而接合树脂构件2与金属构件3，而在第三实施方式中，在使用旋转工具F进行摩擦工序这一点与第一实施方式及第二实施方式不同。
本实施方式的接合方法包括：重合工序，在该工序中，使树脂构件2与金属构件3重合；以及摩擦工序，在该工序中，对已重合的构件进行摩擦接合。关于重合工序，由于与第一实施方式相同而省略其说明。
在摩擦工序中，如图8所示，使用旋转工具F(以下也称为摩擦接合用旋转工具F)来对树脂构件2及金属构件3(铝合金构件3)进行摩擦接合。
摩擦接合用旋转工具F具有转轴F1、设置于转轴F1前端的工具本体F2。转轴F1与工具本体F2以同轴形成。转轴F1的基端侧与未图示的驱动装置连结。工具本体F2受到经由转轴F1所传递的驱动装置的驱动，而绕轴高速旋转。工具本体F2呈圆板状，由工具钢等比铝合金还硬的金属材料所构成。
摩擦接合用旋转工具F的形状、大小等，可根据接合的构件来作适当设定，而在本实施方式中，使用例如工具本体F2的直径为100mm、周面F3的宽度为4mm的旋转工具。另外，摩擦接合用旋转工具F的压入深度、转速、接合速度等，可根据接合的构件来作适当设定，而在本实施方式中，例如设定成压入深度为0.2mm、转速为3000rpm、接合速度为500～1500mm/min。
在摩擦工序中，固定树脂构件2及铝合金构件3而使其无法移动后，一边使摩擦接合用旋转工具F旋转，一边将工具本体F2的周面F3在铝合金构件3的上表面压入(按压)规定深度，并使其沿着树脂构件2与铝合金构件3的重叠部分移动。在摩擦工序中，利用摩擦接合用旋转工具F与铝合金构件3的摩擦热来熔化树脂构件2的表面，从而在再次硬化时焊接铝合金构件3而牢固地接合。
通过第三实施方式的接合方法，也可以得到与第一实施方式大致相同的效果。另外，在摩擦工序中，由于能以比第一实施方式的按压力小的按压力来作接合，因而能适用于接合的构件较薄的情况。
另外，在第三实施方式中，也可对铝合金构件3的至少与树脂构件2接触的面进行蚀刻处理或氧化铝膜(阳极氧化)处理，在将该接触面形成凹凸后，进行上述摩擦工序。另外，在第三实施方式中，以接合板状的树脂构件2与铝合金构件3的情况为例来作说明，但并不受限于此。例如也可如第二实施方式所记载的那样，在制造液冷套时，进行摩擦工序来取代摩擦搅拌工序。
实施例1
进行使用摩擦搅拌用旋转工具G的实施例1～实施例3、使用摩擦接合用旋转工具F的实施例4。
图9是用以说明实施例1～实施例3的立体图。在实施例1～实施例3中，如图9所示，在使板状的树脂构件2与板状的铝合金构件3重合后，从铝合金构件3的上方对该重合部分点压式按压摩擦搅拌用旋转工具G，并对通过摩擦热而接合复合构件1的破坏强度进行测定。破坏强度的测定是将图9所示的复合构件1设置于已知的拉伸试验机，将树脂构件2的外侧端部及铝合金构件3的外侧端部朝彼此分开的方向拉伸、破坏来进行的。
实施例1～实施例3中的树脂构件2是PET制的，长度为100mm、宽度为30mm、厚度为3mm。另一方面，铝合金构件3形成为长度为100mm、宽度为30mm、厚度为3mm或5mm。树脂构件2与铝合金构件3的重合部分为30mm。
在实施例1中，为了得出摩擦搅拌用旋转工具G的最合适的压入深度，在试验1-a～试验1-f这六种条件下，测定以规定压入深度作接合的情况下的破坏强度(拉伸强度)。各试验的条件示于表1。
【表1】
铝材的种类 铝材的板厚(mm) 肩部外径(mm) 工具转速(rpm)
试验1-a A5052-O 3 15.0 1500
试验1-b A5052-O 5 15.0 1500
试验1-c A1100-H14 3 12.5 2500
试验1-d A1100-H14 5 12.5 2500
试验1-e A6061-T6 3 17.5 700
试验1-f A6061-T6 5 17.5 700
将试验1-a～试验1-f中，规定压入深度下的破坏强度的结果示于表2。而表2、表4及表6中的判定栏中，“×”表示未接合、“△”表示虽有接合但拉伸强度弱、“○”表示具有足够的拉伸强度。
【表2】
如表2所示，研究试验1-a及试验1-b的结果，若压入深度为0.2mm以上则破坏强度为3000N以上，但是若压入深度为0.05mm以下，则由于压入深度过浅致使树脂构件2的表层部未熔化而不能接合。另外可知，若压入深度为0.1mm，在铝合金构件3的板厚为5mm的情况下则未接合，若板厚为3mm，则尽管发生接合但破坏强度小。在压入深度为0.2mm的情况下，相对于铝合金构件3的板厚的比例，在板厚为3mm的情况下为6.7％、板厚为5mm的情况下则为4％。
另外，研究试验1-c及试验1-d、试验1-e及试验1-f可知，其结果与试验1-a及试验1-b大致相同，因此可以知道铝合金构件3的种类不会对破坏强度产生影响。
如上所述，即使将摩擦搅拌用旋转工具G的压入深度设定为比铝合金构件3的板厚的5％小，仍可以接合树脂构件2与铝合金构件3，但是为了得到足够的拉伸强度，较为理想的是，将摩擦搅拌用旋转工具G的压入深度设定为铝合金构件3的板厚的5％以上。
另一方面，若将摩擦搅拌用旋转工具G的压入深度设定得较大，则因摩擦搅拌所形成的塑性化区域可能会与树脂构件2接触而造成金属与树脂混合。另外，若将摩擦搅拌用旋转工具G的压入深度设定得较大，则会对摩擦搅拌装置作用过大的负荷。因此，若考虑这些因素，则较为理想的是，将摩擦搅拌用旋转工具G的压入深度设定为铝合金构件3的板厚的20％以下。
【实施例2】
在实施例2中，为了得出摩擦搅拌用旋转工具G的最合适的肩部G1(参照图2)的外径，在试验2-a～试验2-b这两种条件下，测定以具有规定的肩部G1的外径的摩擦搅拌用旋转工具G进行接合的情况下的破坏强度(拉伸强度)。各试验的条件示于表3。
【表3】
铝材的种类 铝材的板厚(mm) 压入深度(mm)
试验2-a A5052-O 3 0.8
试验2-b A5052-O 5 0.8
在试验2-a、试验2-b中，规定的肩部的外径的破坏强度的结果示于表4。
【表4】
如表4所示，在试验2-a中，若肩部的外径比大则破坏强度为3000N以上，若为以下则破坏强度显著下降。
另一方面，在试验2-b中，若肩部的外径为以上则破坏强度为3000N以上，若为以下则破坏强度显著下降。
如上所述，即使将摩擦搅拌用旋转工具G的肩部G1的外径设定为比铝合金构件3的板厚的2倍小，仍可以接合树脂构件2与铝合金构件3，但是为了得到足够的拉伸强度，较为理想的是，使摩擦搅拌用旋转工具G的肩部G1的外径为铝合金构件3的板厚的2倍以上。另外，由于即使肩部G1的外径比铝合金构件3的板厚的5倍还大，强度仍无变化，考虑到对摩擦搅拌装置施加的负荷，较为理想的是，将肩部G1的外径设定为铝合金构件3的板厚的5倍以下。
【实施例3】
在实施例3中，对在铝合金构件3的表面形成凹凸的情况下与破坏强度的关系进行试验。在试验3-a～试验3-b这三种条件下，测定对铝合金构件3的表面进行规定处理后而进行接合的情况下的破坏强度(拉伸强度)。各试验的条件示于表5。
【表5】
铝材的种类 铝材的板厚(mm) 肩部的外径(mm) 压入深度(mm)
试验3-a A5052-O 5 15.0 0.8
试验3-b A6061-T6 3 15.0 0.8
试验3-c A1100-H14 3 12.5 0.8
在试验3-a～试验3-c中，铝合金构件3的各表面处理中的破坏强度的结果示于表6。
表6中的在铝合金构件3的表面所进行的表面处理中的“无处理”是指不对铝合金构件3进行表面处理。
另外，在“蚀刻A”中，进行以下所示的蚀刻前处理和蚀刻正式处理。在蚀刻前处理中，首先，在常温下将铝合金构件3在30wt％的硝酸溶液中浸渍5分钟后，以离子交换水充分地水洗。接下来，在50℃下在5wt％的氢氧化钠溶液中浸渍1分钟后水洗，再于常温下在30wt％的硝酸溶液中浸渍3分钟后水洗。
在蚀刻正式处理中，进行下述蚀刻处理，在66℃下将完成蚀刻前处理的铝合金构件3浸渍于将54g/L的氯化铝六水合物添加于25wt％的盐酸溶液中所调制的蚀刻液(氯离子浓度为48g/L)中4分钟后水洗，再于常温下在30wt％的硝酸溶液中浸渍3分钟后水洗，再以120℃的热风进行5分钟的干燥。
另外，在“蚀刻B”中，在进行完上述蚀刻前处理后，进行以下所示的蚀刻正式处理。也就是说，在该蚀刻正式处理中，在66℃下将已进行蚀刻前处理后的铝合金构件3在50wt％的磷酸溶液中浸渍4分钟后水洗，之后以120℃的热风进行5分钟的干燥。
另外，在“无氧化铝膜封孔”中，进行以下所示的氧化铝膜前处理、氧化铝膜正式处理。在氧化铝膜前处理中，首先，在常温下将铝合金构件3在30wt％的硝酸溶液中浸渍5分钟后，以离子交换水充分地水洗，接下来，在50℃下在5wt％的氢氧化钠溶液中浸渍1分钟后水洗，再于常温下在30wt％的硝酸溶液中浸渍3分钟后水洗。
在氧化铝膜正式处理中，将已进行氧化铝膜前处理后的铝合金构件3在液温为18℃的硫酸浓度为160g/L的溶液中进行阳极氧化而使保护膜厚度为10μm后水洗，再以120℃的热风进行5分钟的干燥。
另外，在“有氧化铝膜封孔”中，在进行上述氧化铝膜前处理后，进行上述氧化铝膜正式处理。之后，在沸腾的水中煮沸10分钟。藉此，在“有氧化铝膜封孔”中，进行封孔处理而使细孔变窄。
另外，在“金属丝刷”中，使用已知的金属丝刷(wire brush)对铝合金构件3的表面进行粗化切削来作凹凸处理。
【表6】
如表6所示，研究试验3-a及试验3-b的结果可知，已进行表面处理而使铝合金构件3的表面凹凸不平的，其拉伸强度较高。另外可知，即使未对铝合金构件3进行表面处理的情况下，仍可以得到足够的拉伸强度。
另外，研究将铝合金构件3的板厚变薄、并缩小摩擦搅拌用旋转工具G的肩部外径的试验3-c的结果可知，在已进行“蚀刻A”、“蚀刻B”及“无氧化铝膜封孔”的表面处理的情况下，可以得到较高的拉伸强度。
【实施例4】
在实施例4中，对在第三实施方式(参罩图8)说明的接合方法中已接合的构件的破坏强度进行测定。将已接合的构件设置于拉伸试验机，将树脂构件2的外侧端部及铝合金构件3的外侧端部朝相互分开的方向拉伸、破坏来进行破坏强度的测定。
实施例4中的树脂构件2是PET制的，其厚度为5mm。铝合金构件3是1100合金，其厚度为1mm或2mm。树脂构件2与铝合金构件3的重合部分为30mm。接合长度设定为60mm～70mm。
摩擦接合用旋转工具F使用工具本体F2的直径为100mm、宽度为4mm的工具C和工具本体F2的直径为105mm、宽度为10mm的工具D这两种工具。对于工具C，将转速设定为3000rpm，对于工具D，则将转速设定为2857rpm。将工具C和工具D的圆周速度均设定为942000(mm/min)。
在实施例4中，改变各构件的厚度及旋转工具的组合而设定三种(试验4～试验6)前提条件，而以压入深度及接合速度(进给速度)为参数进行破坏试验。
试验4的结果示于表7。
【表7】
<试验4>拉伸试验结果(N)
试验5的结果示于表8。
【表8】
<试验5>拉伸试验结果(N)
根据表7及表8，工具C及工具D的压入深度均为0.2mm情况下的接合强度较低，而在压入深度为0.4mm情况下的接合强度较高。接合速度为500mm/min时，从树脂构件2破坏。在接合速度达到1500mm/min为止都具有足够的接合强度，而在2000mm/min的情况下，接合强度较低。
另一方面，为了研究铝合金构件3的板厚的影响，以铝合金构件3的板厚为1mm进行的试验6的结果示于表9。
【表9】
<试验6>拉伸试验结果(N)
如表9所示，即使铝合金构件3的板厚为1mm，仍得到与板厚为2mm的情况(参照表8)大致相同的结果。
(符号说明)
1：复合构件；
2：树脂构件；
3：金属构件(铝合金构件)；
10：套本体(树脂构件)；
11：凹部；
12：开口部；
12a：开口周缘部；
14：周壁；
15：台阶面；
30：封装体(铝合金构件)；
30a：周缘部；
31：盖板部；
32：肋片；
F：旋转工具(摩擦接合用旋转工具)；
G：旋转工具(摩擦搅拌用旋转工具)；
P：液冷套。

Claims (2)

1.一种液冷套，在具有供将产热体所产生的热量输送至外部的热输送流体流动且一部分开口的凹部的热塑性树脂制的套本体上，接合有将所述凹部的开口部封闭的金属制封装体，其特征在于，
所述封装体是铝制的或是铝合金制的，
所述封装体在与所述套本体接触的接触面上通过蚀刻处理或阳极氧化处理形成凹凸，热塑性树脂能进入凹部分。
2.如权利要求1所述的液冷套，其特征在于，
所述封装体包括盖板部和多个肋片，这些肋片形成于所述盖板部且朝向所述凹部延伸设置，
利用所述凹部的底面与多个所述肋片在所述凹部内划分出筒状的空间。
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