TWI294923B - Electropolishing electrolyte and method for planarizing a metal layer using the same - Google Patents
Electropolishing electrolyte and method for planarizing a metal layer using the same Download PDFInfo
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- TWI294923B TWI294923B TW093130211A TW93130211A TWI294923B TW I294923 B TWI294923 B TW I294923B TW 093130211 A TW093130211 A TW 093130211A TW 93130211 A TW93130211 A TW 93130211A TW I294923 B TWI294923 B TW I294923B
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- acid
- additive
- metal layer
- alcohol
- volume ratio
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims description 39
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 23
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 title description 2
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 88
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 81
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 72
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 71
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 62
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 58
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 41
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 31
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 24
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000000746 body region Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003158 alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 150000007523 nucleic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 102000039446 nucleic acids Human genes 0.000 claims 1
- 108020004707 nucleic acids Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 41
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 41
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 40
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 238000007517 polishing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cu2+ Chemical compound [Cu+2] JPVYNHNXODAKFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001431 copper ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012669 liquid formulation Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000248349 Citrus limon Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005979 Citrus limon Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930182558 Sterol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- IZQZNLBFNMTRMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;phosphoric acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O.OP(O)(O)=O IZQZNLBFNMTRMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FFBHFFJDDLITSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl N-[2-hydroxy-4-(3-oxomorpholin-4-yl)phenyl]carbamate Chemical compound OC1=C(NC(=O)OCC2=CC=CC=C2)C=CC(=C1)N1CCOCC1=O FFBHFFJDDLITSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AEJIMXVJZFYIHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Cu] AEJIMXVJZFYIHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001459 lithography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007521 mechanical polishing technique Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006259 organic additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- PWEBUXCTKOWPCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N squaric acid Chemical compound OC1=C(O)C(=O)C1=O PWEBUXCTKOWPCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003432 sterols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000003702 sterols Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H5/00—Combined machining
- B23H5/06—Electrochemical machining combined with mechanical working, e.g. grinding or honing
- B23H5/08—Electrolytic grinding
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/302—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to change their surface-physical characteristics or shape, e.g. etching, polishing, cutting
- H01L21/304—Mechanical treatment, e.g. grinding, polishing, cutting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23H—WORKING OF METAL BY THE ACTION OF A HIGH CONCENTRATION OF ELECTRIC CURRENT ON A WORKPIECE USING AN ELECTRODE WHICH TAKES THE PLACE OF A TOOL; SUCH WORKING COMBINED WITH OTHER FORMS OF WORKING OF METAL
- B23H5/00—Combined machining
- B23H5/12—Working media
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC REMOVAL OF MATERIALS FROM OBJECTS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F3/00—Electrolytic etching or polishing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC REMOVAL OF MATERIALS FROM OBJECTS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25F3/00—Electrolytic etching or polishing
- C25F3/02—Etching
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/31—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to form insulating layers thereon, e.g. for masking or by using photolithographic techniques; After treatment of these layers; Selection of materials for these layers
- H01L21/32—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to form insulating layers thereon, e.g. for masking or by using photolithographic techniques; After treatment of these layers; Selection of materials for these layers using masks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/31—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to form insulating layers thereon, e.g. for masking or by using photolithographic techniques; After treatment of these layers; Selection of materials for these layers
- H01L21/3205—Deposition of non-insulating-, e.g. conductive- or resistive-, layers on insulating layers; After-treatment of these layers
- H01L21/321—After treatment
- H01L21/32115—Planarisation
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
- Weting (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Mechanical Treatment Of Semiconductor (AREA)
- ing And Chemical Polishing (AREA)
- Internal Circuitry In Semiconductor Integrated Circuit Devices (AREA)
Description
1294923 九、發明說明: 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係關於一種電解拋光液及其平坦化金屬層之方 法’特別係關於一種含醇基添加劑之電解拋光液及其平括 化金屬層之方法。 【先前技術】 在半導體製造技術中,進行高密度微影製程需要一個沒 有南低落差之平坦表面以避免曝光散射,方可達成精密導 電線路之圖案轉移。化學機械研磨技術係現今半導體製程 中最廣泛使用之表面平坦化技術。然而,化學機械研磨技 術在實際應用上面臨了圖形效應、移除選擇比、金屬導線 漥陷現象、到痕、絕緣磨耗及研磨後清潔等重要課題。再 者’對於12吋晶圓及低介電常數材料之低應力要求,化學 機械研磨技術更將面臨許多問題。 相較於化學機械研磨技術,由於電解拋光技術可減少刮 痕、降低微粒吸附、減少廢棄溶液、高拋光速率及不需施 加壓力於晶圓上等優點,其已經成為化學機械研磨技術之 替代方案。在半導體後段銅導線製程中,一般係利用電鑛 技術沉積用以構成導線之銅層。然而,沉積之銅層因晶圓 表面之溝槽而形成咼度差,而此一高度差則進一步影響了 後續之電解拋光製程的平坦化效果。 【發明内容】 本發明之主要目的係提供一種含醇基添加劑之電解拋光 液及其平坦化金屬層之方法。 H:\HU\HYG\NDL\94858\94858.doc 1294923 為達成上述目的,本發明揭示一種含醇基添加劑之電解 抛光液及其平坦化金屬層之方法。本發明之電解拋光液包 5 —含醇基添加劑及一酸溶液。較佳地,該含醇基添加劑 可為甘油、甲醇或乙醇,該酸溶液包含磷酸及一有機酸添 加劑,其中該有機酸添加劑可為乙酸或檸檬酸。單獨添加 有機酸於電解拋光液時,此有機酸添加劑具有至少一酸 基’可於一銅金屬層之開口中形成濃度梯度,導致在開口 凸部之銅金屬層的電解速率大於在開口凹部之銅金屬層的 電解速度。由於有機酸添加劑具有擴散控制能力,添加劑 遭度在銅金屬層之開口十係呈現梯度變化,使得在開口凸 部之濃度會高於在開口凹部之濃度,因此在開口凸部之銅 金屬層的電解速率較在開口凹部之銅金屬層的電解速率 陕,因而可增加銅電解拋光製程之平坦化效果。該含醇基 添加劑具有抑制拋光速率之能力,亦可在銅金屬層之開口 中形成濃度梯度。在進行拋光製程時,開口内外的拋光速 率則因這二種添加劑的濃度靈敏度而有了更大的差異。 本發明平坦化金屬層之方法係利用本發明之電解拋光液 平坦化具有至少一凸部及一凹部之金屬層。該平坦化方 法係利用該含醇基添加劑在該金屬層表面形成一拋光抑制 層以降低該金屬層表面之拋光速率,並利用該有機酸添加 劑拋光该金屬層’其中該有機酸添加劑在該凹部及凸部之 /辰度梯度使得該凸部之拋光速率大於該凹部之拋光速率。 【實施方式】 圖1係一晶圓ίο之剖示圖。如圖i所示,該晶圓1〇包含一 H:\HU\HYG\NDL\94858\94858.doc
294^益30211號專利申請案 中文說明書替換頁(96年9月) 基板12、一介電層14、—阻障層16以及一金屬層2〇。哼金 屬層20可為銅層,且具有凸部22及凹部24。本發明係利用 —電解拋光液平坦化該金屬層2(^該電解拋光液包含—含 醇基添加劑及一酸溶液。較佳地,該含醇基添加劑可為= 油、曱醇或乙醇,該酸溶液包含磷酸及一有機酸添加劑。 再者,該酸溶液亦可包含硫酸。該電解拋光液之配製方法 係混合一預定比例之磷酸與含醇基添加劑,再加入該有機 酸添加劑。該有機酸添加劑可為乙酸或檸檬酸,其中乙酸 之>辰度係介於10000至12000 ppm之間,而檸檬酸之濃度係 介於500至1〇〇〇 ppm之間。 若該酸溶液僅係由磷酸構成,且該含醇基添加劑採用甘 油’則甘油與磷酸之體積比例係介於1 : 5〇至1 : 200之間, 即在25°C時甘油之濃度介於2.73XHT1 Μ至6·85 xlO·2 M。較佳 地’甘油與磷酸之體積比係1 : 1 〇〇,即甘油之濃度為136χ1〇-】 Μ。此外,若該含醇基添加劑係採用甲醇或乙醇,則其與磷 酸之體積比例係介於1 : 100至1 : 150之間,即在25°C時甲 醇之濃度係介於2.50ΧΚΓ1 Μ至1.67x1ο-1 Μ,在25〇C時乙醇之濃 度係介於1.76XKT1 Μ至1.17x1ο·1 Μ之間。較佳地,甲醇或乙醇 與磷酸之體積比例係1 : 1 00。 圖2係量測電解拋光液之平坦化效能(planarizati()n efficiency,PE)之示意圖。平坦化效能係下列公式計算: PE = [1 - (AD/AU)]x 100% 其中,AD係指該金屬層20之凹部24表面在電解拋光前後 之高度差,而Δυ則指該金屬層20之凸部22表面在電解拋光 前後之高度差。 O:\94\94858-960928.doc 1294923 圖3顯示本發明之電解拋光液在不同線寬下之平坦化效 能,其中電解拋光製程施加之電壓為175伏特,而電解拋 光時間為180秒。橫軸4-1、4_2、4·3、4-4及4-5係代表5種 不同之電解拋光液配方,如下表所示,其中磷酸、甘油及 以體積比例表示。 4-1 4-2 4-3 4-4 4-5 磷酸:甘油 100 : 1 磷酸:甘油 100 : 1 磷酸:甲醇 100 : 1 磷酸:甘油 100 : 1 純磷酸 乙酸 10000r>Dm 擰檬酸 lOOOppm 無有機酸 無有機酸 無有機酸 如圖3所示,未添加含醇基添加劑及有機酸之電解拋光液 4-5的平坦化效能最差。單純比較含醇基添加劑功能時,使 用甘油作為含醇基添加劑之電解拋光陳4_4的平坦化效能 優Λ使用甲醇作為含醇基添加劑之電解拋光液4·3 )再者, 使用有機酸之電解拋光液4-1及4-2的平坦化效能優於未使 用有機酸之電解拋光液4-3、4-4及4-5。 換言之,本發明使用雙添加劑(有機酸及含醇基添加劑) 的平坦化效率大於僅單獨加入有機酸添加劑的平坦化效 能。另外,再比較乙酸混合適量甘油之電解拋光液4β1的平 坦化效能優於使用擰檬酸混合甘油之電解拋光液4-2,且單 獨加入有機酸於電解拋光液時的平坦能力也是乙酸大於檸 檬酸。由此可找出對於電解拋光後平坦化效能最適化的雙 添加劑比例,其可在線寬1至50微米之範圍均呈現優異之平 坦化效能。 H:\HU\HYG\NDL\94858\94858.doc 1294923 圖4顯示本發明之電解拋光液之拋光速率。有機酸在磷酸 中小於某一濃度(12000ppm)時,拋光速率會隨著有機酸添 加量增加而增加。相對地,含醇基添加劑與填酸之體積比 小於1/100以下時(例如體積比1/500及1/1000時),拋光速率 則與體積比為1/100時差不了多少。換言之,當有機酸添加 劑在磷酸中的溶解度未達到極限(12000ppm)時,相對應的銅 拋光速率是比較靈敏的,而含醇基添加劑則在與磷酸體積比 1/100下之拋光速率則較為不靈敏,直到1/2000時,拋光速率 才又開始增大。本發明含醇基添加劑所適用濃度範圍正好符 合對應拋光速率較不靈敏之區域,如圖4所示。 甘油、甲醇及乙醇在銅表面之接觸角(contact angle)以甘油 為最小約19.35°,而純磷酸之接觸角為89。。因此,含醇基 添加劑提昇電解拋光液之平坦化效能可能是由於其在銅表 面之濕潤度(wettability)有了差異,進而影響其抑制銅拋光速 率之能力。圖4顯示甘油具有最強之銅拋光抑制效果。單獨 加入這三種含醇基添加劑於鱗酸拋光液中實行電解拋光 後,平坦化效能為甘油大於甲醇及乙醇(甲醇與乙醇平坦化 效率相近),由此推測與加入之含醇基添加劑與銅表面之接 觸角有關。 圖5顯示本發明之電解拋光液之作用示意圖。如圖5所 示,電解拋光液在平坦化該金屬層20時(顯示於圖1)可概略 地分成^一個區域’即主體區(bulk region)52及擴散區(diffusion regi〇n)54。電解拋光液之各個物種在主體區52係呈現均勻分 佈,而在擴散區54則因在該金屬層20表面進行之電解拋光 H:\HU\HYG\NDL\94858\94858.doc -10- 1294923 反應而呈現一濃度梯度。換言之,同時加入有機酸62與含 醇基添加劑60於磷酸電解液中並進行拋光時,含醇基添加 劑60在電解拋光過程中與有機酸添加劑62在該銅金屬層2〇 之凸部22至凹部24間呈現一濃度梯度的分佈,亦即有機酸 添加劑62在凹部24的濃度比在凸部22的濃度小。 由於含醇基添加劑60與有機酸添加劑62之濃度在凹凸不 平之銅金屬層20中呈梯度變化,其中添加劑在凸部22之濃 度高於在凹部24的濃度。擴散至凹部24之添加劑如果為含 醇基添加劑60,可保護凹部24之銅金屬層免於被蝕刻。如 果添加劑是有機酸添加劑62則因為量比凸部22少,因而使 得凹部24之拋光速率更小於凸部22的拋光速率。本發明在 進行電解拋光製程時,適量加入這兩種添加物於磷酸電解 液中。因此,銅金屬層2〇之凹部24的移除速率較凸部22的 移除速率為慢,因而可增加電解拋光之平整能力。 當進行不具有圖樣之銅電解拋光於各種濃度分別於有機 酸與含醇基添加劑測試時。如前所述,有機酸添加劑62在 鱗酸中小於某一濃度(poooppm)時,拋光速率會隨著有機 酸添加劑62之添加量增加而增加,但含醇基添加劑60在與 磷酸體積比1/100以下時,例如體積比1/5〇〇、1/1000時,則 與1 /100時差不了多少。換言之,當有機酸添加劑62在鱗酸 中的溶解度未達到極限時,相對應的銅拋光速率是比較靈 敏的’而含醇基添加劑60則在與磷酸體積比1/100下對應拋 光速率則較為不靈敏,直到1/2〇〇〇時,拋光速率才又開始 增大。 H:\HU\HYG\NDL\94858\94858.doc 11 1294923 在進行電解拋光時,兩種添加物在擴散區54内之凸部22 與凹部24皆是有機酸添加劑62加快拋光速率與含醇基添加 劑60抑制拋光速率同時發生。在凸部22與凹部24之含醇基 添加劑60的抑制效果(降低拋光速率)皆差不多,但有機酸添 加劑62則對濃度較靈敏,在凸部22的有機酸添加劑以較 多’因而拋光速率就加快;在凹部24的有機酸添加劑62較 少,因而拋光速率就減少。相對地,含醇基添加劑不管於 凸部22或凹部24,皆有相近的抑制效果。 簡言之,利用本發明之銅電解拋光液配方來進行銅電解 拋光製程,可以增加高低起伏的銅金屬層2〇之電解速率差 (使銅金屬層20之凸部22的銅電解速率大於凹部24的銅電 解速率),達到提升銅電解拋光製程之平坦化效果。此外, 甘油之濕潤度大於其它含氫氧基之有機添加劑,在電解拋 光液中加入適當含量的甘油可使拋光物種在凹部24與凸部 22產生不同的擴散能力,相對其他含醇基添加劑6〇平坦化 效能較高。 圖6係為寬度分別為卜5、5〇微米之溝渠在以電解拋光液 4-1平坦化丽後之電子掃瞄影像。在進行平坦化製程之前, 該溝渠表面已濺鍍一層銅層,如圖6(a)、6(旬、6(幻所示。 之後,利用電解拋光液4-1進行以175伏特進行平坦化製程 1 80心。利用旎罝散佈分析儀(Energy 〇坤⑽^郎沈加⑽时^抓) 分析溝渠内部及外部之元素,在溝渠内之元素主要是銅, 而溝渠外部之元素主要是構成擴散層之鈕。因此,本發明 之電解拋光液確實可保留在溝渠内部(即凹部)之銅,並選擇 H:\HU\HYG\NDL\94858\94858.doc -12- 1294923 性地去除在溝渠外部(即凸部)之銅,以平坦化銅層,如圖 6(c)、6(f)、6(i)所示三種線寬在此4-1溶液拋光後達到完全 平坦化。而圖6(b)、6(e)、6(h)則為單一添加有機酸於磷酸 拋光後的圖、雖已增加平坦化效率但仍未達到完全高效率 的平坦化,但仍與同時加入有機酸與含醇基添加劑適量混 合拋光後的效果有所差別。 圖7(a)及圖7(b)係銅表面拋光後之原子力顯微(at〇mk f〇rce microscope,AFM)影像,其中圖7(a)使用之電解拋光液不具有 含醇基添加劑,而圖7(b)使用之電解拋光液則具有含醇基添 加劑。在電解拋光過程中,電解拋光液内含之水分子會分 解而產生氧,此一分解反應會在銅表面形成許多的凹坑, 即圖7(a)之黑點。在電解拋光過程中施加之電壓將銅(Cu) 氧化成銅離子(Cu2+),而銅離子則以氧化銅(Cu〇)或氫氧化 銅(Cu(OH)2)存在於電解拋光液之中。由於含醇基添加劑化 合物可減少銅表面之反應劑並移除銅氧化物以形成一乾淨 表面’本發明在電解拋光液中加入含醇基添加劑可抑制凹 坑的形成,如圖7(b)所示。 該本發明之技術内容及技術特點已揭示如上,然而熟系 本項技術之人士仍可能基於本發明之教示及揭示而作種種 不背離本發明精神之替換及修飾。因此,本發明之保雙範 圍應不限於實施例所揭示者,而應包括各種不背離本發明 之替換及修飾,並為以下之申請專利範圍所涵蓋。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1係一晶圓之剖示圖; H:\HU\HYG\NDL\94858\94858.doc -13- 1294923 圖2係3:測電解拋光液之平坦化效能之示意圖; 圖3顯示本發明之電解拋光液在不同線寬下之平坦化效 能; * 圖4顯示本發明之電解拋光液之拋光速率; 圖5顯示本發明之電解拋光液之作用示意圖; 圖6為溝渠線寬卜5及50微米在使用本發明之電解拋光液 平坦化前後之電子掃瞄影像;以及 圖7(a)及圖7(b)係銅表面拋光後之原子力顯微影像。 【主要元件符號說明】 10 晶圓 12 基板 14 介電層 16 阻障層 20 金屬層 22 凸部 24 凹部 52 主體區 54 擴散區 60 含醇基添加劑 62 有機酸添加劑 H:\HU\HYG\NDL\94858\94858.doc 14-
Claims (1)
1294縱
中文申請專利範圍替換本(96年一一 月曰修(更)正替換g 十、申請專利範圍·· 1. 一種電解拋光液,包含一酸溶液以及一含醇基添加劑' 其中该含醇基添加劑在一待電解拋光層上之接觸角小W 該酸溶液之接觸角,該酸溶液包含磷酸與選自由乙酸及 挣核酸組成之群的有機酸添加劑,及該含醇基添加劑係 選自由甘油、甲醇及乙醇組成之群,其中該含醇基添加 劑及該酸溶液之體積比例係介於丨:50至1 :2〇〇之間。 2·根據請求項1之電解拋光液,其中甘油與磷酸之體積比例 係介於1 ·· 50至1 : 200之間。 3·根據請求項2之電解拋光液,其中甘油與磷酸之體積比例 係 1 ·· 100 〇 4.根據請求項丨之電解拋光液,其中甲醇與磷酸之體積比例 係介於1 : 100至1 : 150之間。 5·根據請求項1之電解拋光液,其中乙醇與磷酸之體積比例 係介於1 : 100至1 : 150之間。
10000至 12000 ppm之間。
於500至1000 ppm之間。 ,該金屬層包含至少一凹部及
9 · 一種平坦化金屬層之方法, 一凸部,該平 層表面形成一 率,並利用一 O:\94\94858-961109.doc 1294923 凹部及該凸部之濃度梯度使得該凸部之拋光速率大於該 凹部之拋光速率,該酸溶液包含磷酸與選自由乙酸及捭 檬酸組成之群的有機酸添加劑,及該含醇基添加劑係選 自由甘油、甲醇及乙醇組成之群,其中該含醇基添加= 及該酸溶液之體積比例係介於1:5〇至1:2〇〇之間。 ίο. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 根據請求項9項之平坦化金屬層之方法,其中甘油與磷酸 之體積比例係介於1 : 50至1 : 200之間。 根據請求項10之平坦化金屬層之方法,其中甘油與磷酸 之體積比例係1 : 1〇〇。 根據請求項9之平坦化金屬層之方法,其中甲醇與磷酸之 體積比例係介於1 : 1 00至1 : 1 50之間。 根據凊求項9之平坦化金屬層之方法,其中乙醇與填酸之 體積比例係介於1 : 1 00至1 : 1 5〇之間。 根據請求項9之平坦化金屬層之方法,其中該酸溶液另包 含硫酸。 根據請求項9之平坦化金屬層之方法,其中乙酸之濃度範 圍係介於10000至12000 ppm之間。 根據請求項9之平坦化金屬層之方法,其中檸檬酸之濃度 範圍係介於5 00至1 000 ppm之間。 O:\94\94858-961109.doc 1294923 七、 指定代表圖: (一) 本案指定代表圖為:第(5 )圖。 (二) 本代表圖之元件符號簡單說明: 22 凸部 24 凹部 52 主體區 54 擴散區 60 含醇基添加劑 62 有機酸添加劑 八、 本案若有化學式時,請揭示最能顯示發明特徵的化學式: (無) H:\iiU\HYG\NDL\94858\94858.doc
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TW093130211A TWI294923B (en) | 2004-10-06 | 2004-10-06 | Electropolishing electrolyte and method for planarizing a metal layer using the same |
US11/051,163 US7501051B2 (en) | 2004-10-06 | 2005-02-04 | Electropolishing electrolyte and method for planarizing a metal layer using the same |
KR1020077010183A KR20070061579A (ko) | 2004-10-06 | 2005-10-01 | 전해연마 전해질 및 이를 사용한 금속층의 평탄화 방법 |
CH00561/07A CH698385B1 (de) | 2004-10-06 | 2005-10-01 | Elektropolier-Elektrolyt und Verfahren zur Planarisierung einer Metallschicht unter Verwendung desselben. |
EP05797350A EP1935013A1 (en) | 2004-10-06 | 2005-10-01 | Electropolishing electrolyte and method for planarizing a metal layer using the same |
JP2007535073A JP2008516083A (ja) | 2004-10-06 | 2005-10-01 | 電解研磨電解質および前記電解質を使用して金属層を平坦化する方法 |
GB0707076A GB2434159B (en) | 2004-10-06 | 2005-10-01 | Electropolishing electrolyte and method for planarizing a metal layer using the same |
PCT/EP2005/010628 WO2006037584A1 (en) | 2004-10-06 | 2005-10-01 | Electropolishing electrolyte and method for planarizing a metal layer using the same |
AT0939305A AT503087A2 (de) | 2004-10-06 | 2005-10-01 | Elektropolier-elektrolyt und verfahren zur planarisierung einer metallschicht unter verwendung desselben |
RU2007116697/28A RU2007116697A (ru) | 2004-10-06 | 2005-10-01 | Электрополирующий электролит и способ выравнивания металлического слоя с его использованием |
DE112005002414T DE112005002414T5 (de) | 2004-10-06 | 2005-10-01 | Elektropolier-Elektrolyt und Verfahren zur Planarisierung einer Metallschicht unter Verwendung desselben |
MYPI20054707A MY141248A (en) | 2004-10-06 | 2005-10-06 | Electropolishing electrolyte and method for planarizing a metal layer using the same |
IL182224A IL182224A0 (en) | 2004-10-06 | 2007-03-27 | Electropolishing electrolyte and method for planarizing a metal layer using the same |
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JP (1) | JP2008516083A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR20070061579A (zh) |
AT (1) | AT503087A2 (zh) |
CH (1) | CH698385B1 (zh) |
DE (1) | DE112005002414T5 (zh) |
GB (1) | GB2434159B (zh) |
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KR100783006B1 (ko) * | 2007-08-09 | 2007-12-07 | 신승균 | 동 도금된 마그네슘합금 및 그 형성방법 |
SI2504469T1 (sl) * | 2009-11-23 | 2018-11-30 | Metcon, Llc | Postopki elektropoliranja |
US8580103B2 (en) | 2010-11-22 | 2013-11-12 | Metcon, Llc | Electrolyte solution and electrochemical surface modification methods |
CN102337569B (zh) * | 2011-09-19 | 2014-06-11 | 华南理工大学 | 一种钴-钨纳米合金镀层及其制备方法 |
RU2471595C1 (ru) * | 2011-12-07 | 2013-01-10 | Открытое акционерное общество "Научно-производственное объединение "Сатурн" | Электролит для электрохимической обработки |
KR101464860B1 (ko) * | 2013-02-06 | 2014-11-24 | 인천대학교 산학협력단 | 알릴 알콜을 포함하는 금속 씨앗층 평탄제 및 이를 이용한 씨앗층의 형성방법 |
US9648723B2 (en) | 2015-09-16 | 2017-05-09 | International Business Machines Corporation | Process of fabricating printed circuit board |
WO2020138976A1 (ko) * | 2018-12-26 | 2020-07-02 | 한양대학교에리카산학협력단 | 반도체 소자의 제조 방법 |
DE102020200815A1 (de) | 2020-01-23 | 2021-07-29 | Mahle International Gmbh | Zusammensetzung als Elektrolyt zum Auflösen und/oder Abscheiden von Metallen, Metalloxiden und/oder Metalllegierungen sowie Verwendungen dieser Zusammensetzung |
KR102258702B1 (ko) | 2020-09-07 | 2021-06-01 | 주식회사 근우 | 전기 전도율 향상을 위한 표면 구조를 가지는 버스바 |
KR102258703B1 (ko) | 2020-09-07 | 2021-06-01 | 주식회사 근우 | 전기 전도율 향상을 위한 표면구조를 가지는 버스바 제조방법 |
US20230290899A1 (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2023-09-14 | Korea Institute Of Science And Technology | Method for planarizing cis-based thin film, cis-based thin film manufactured using the same, and solar cell comprising cis-based thin film |
US11447887B2 (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2022-09-20 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Surface smoothing of copper by electropolishing |
US11512400B2 (en) | 2020-12-10 | 2022-11-29 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide |
CN113337877A (zh) * | 2021-05-17 | 2021-09-03 | 安徽昀水表面科技有限公司 | 一种电解抛光药水及电解抛光加工工艺 |
US11718575B2 (en) | 2021-08-12 | 2023-08-08 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Methanol production via dry reforming and methanol synthesis in a vessel |
US11578016B1 (en) | 2021-08-12 | 2023-02-14 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Olefin production via dry reforming and olefin synthesis in a vessel |
US11787759B2 (en) | 2021-08-12 | 2023-10-17 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Dimethyl ether production via dry reforming and dimethyl ether synthesis in a vessel |
US11617981B1 (en) | 2022-01-03 | 2023-04-04 | Saudi Arabian Oil Company | Method for capturing CO2 with assisted vapor compression |
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GB726133A (en) * | 1952-10-09 | 1955-03-16 | Metro Cutanit Ltd | Improvements relating to the electrolytic treatment of metal wire and the like |
JPS5242134B2 (zh) * | 1972-12-30 | 1977-10-22 | ||
SU779453A1 (ru) * | 1978-04-24 | 1980-11-15 | Ленинградский Институт Ядерной Физики Им. Б.П.Константинова Ан Ссср | Раствор дл электрохимического полировани металлической поверхности |
US4920361A (en) * | 1987-06-26 | 1990-04-24 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Image recording method and apparatus therefor |
US5066370A (en) * | 1990-09-07 | 1991-11-19 | International Business Machines Corporation | Apparatus, electrochemical process, and electrolyte for microfinishing stainless steel print bands |
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FR2747399B1 (fr) | 1996-04-12 | 1998-05-07 | Commissariat Energie Atomique | Electrolyte pour l'electropolissage, procede d'electropolissage d'un acier inoxydable ou d'un alliage de nickel mettant en oeuvre cet electrolyte, et son application a la decontamination |
US6491808B2 (en) * | 1997-09-11 | 2002-12-10 | Canon Kabushiki Kaisha | Electrolytic etching method, method for producing photovoltaic element, and method for treating defect of photovoltaic element |
AT410043B (de) * | 1997-09-30 | 2003-01-27 | Sez Ag | Verfahren zum planarisieren von halbleitersubstraten |
US6811658B2 (en) * | 2000-06-29 | 2004-11-02 | Ebara Corporation | Apparatus for forming interconnects |
US7128825B2 (en) * | 2001-03-14 | 2006-10-31 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Method and composition for polishing a substrate |
TW567545B (en) | 2002-06-04 | 2003-12-21 | Merck Kanto Advanced Chemical | Electropolishing electrolytic solution formulation |
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- 2005-10-01 JP JP2007535073A patent/JP2008516083A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-10-01 GB GB0707076A patent/GB2434159B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-10-01 WO PCT/EP2005/010628 patent/WO2006037584A1/en active Application Filing
- 2005-10-01 KR KR1020077010183A patent/KR20070061579A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
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KR20070061579A (ko) | 2007-06-13 |
US20060070888A1 (en) | 2006-04-06 |
GB2434159B (en) | 2009-05-06 |
DE112005002414T5 (de) | 2007-09-27 |
EP1935013A1 (en) | 2008-06-25 |
MY141248A (en) | 2010-03-31 |
JP2008516083A (ja) | 2008-05-15 |
TW200611998A (en) | 2006-04-16 |
US7501051B2 (en) | 2009-03-10 |
WO2006037584A1 (en) | 2006-04-13 |
AT503087A2 (de) | 2007-07-15 |
IL182224A0 (en) | 2007-09-20 |
CH698385B1 (de) | 2009-07-31 |
GB0707076D0 (en) | 2007-05-23 |
RU2007116697A (ru) | 2008-11-20 |
GB2434159A (en) | 2007-07-18 |
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