TWI289404B - Event driven video tracking system - Google Patents
Event driven video tracking system Download PDFInfo
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- TWI289404B TWI289404B TW092134027A TW92134027A TWI289404B TW I289404 B TWI289404 B TW I289404B TW 092134027 A TW092134027 A TW 092134027A TW 92134027 A TW92134027 A TW 92134027A TW I289404 B TWI289404 B TW I289404B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N7/00—Television systems
- H04N7/18—Closed-circuit television [CCTV] systems, i.e. systems in which the video signal is not broadcast
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S3/00—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received
- G01S3/78—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received using electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
- G01S3/782—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction
- G01S3/785—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction using adjustment of orientation of directivity characteristics of a detector or detector system to give a desired condition of signal derived from that detector or detector system
- G01S3/786—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction using adjustment of orientation of directivity characteristics of a detector or detector system to give a desired condition of signal derived from that detector or detector system the desired condition being maintained automatically
- G01S3/7864—T.V. type tracking systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F18/00—Pattern recognition
- G06F18/20—Analysing
- G06F18/25—Fusion techniques
- G06F18/251—Fusion techniques of input or preprocessed data
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
- G06V20/00—Scenes; Scene-specific elements
- G06V20/50—Context or environment of the image
- G06V20/52—Surveillance or monitoring of activities, e.g. for recognising suspicious objects
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- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
- G07C9/20—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass
- G07C9/28—Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass the pass enabling tracking or indicating presence
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06V—IMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
- G06V20/00—Scenes; Scene-specific elements
- G06V20/40—Scenes; Scene-specific elements in video content
- G06V20/44—Event detection
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
- Data Mining & Analysis (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Evolutionary Computation (AREA)
- Artificial Intelligence (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Computational Biology (AREA)
- Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
- Evolutionary Biology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Closed-Circuit Television Systems (AREA)
- Burglar Alarm Systems (AREA)
- Studio Devices (AREA)
- Alarm Systems (AREA)
Description
1289404 玖、發明說明: 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明關於移動目標之視訊追蹤,尤其關於由一事件 觸發器初始化之視訊追蹤,而且其中通過複數個視訊區 追縱該目標。 【先前技術】 目如之系統,例如揭露於美國專利案號5,708423,藉 由對該等個人或物件附加收發器,並接收由該收發器傳 輸之識別^號,以持續追蹤個人或物件之位置。實現上 述之一通用技術是所謂的無線頻率識別系統(RFID)。通 常,各收發器傳輸一唯一識別信號,以識別附加該收發 器之個人或物件。由該等收發器於此一系統所產生之該 等識別信號,通常由一天線及相關之接收電路接收。於 某些案例中,該天線與一供給存取一場所之出入口或入 口有關.。對於決定有關一入口之物件被追縱之方向也有 提供一些考量。其中物件被追蹤之建立可包括一些控制 區,而且無法控制此等區域。物件可被允許位於某些區, 但非其他區。警報器通常被用於通知物件所有人,該物 件將被移入特定控制區或從特定控制區移除。 控制區與相關入口也可以在視訊監視器之下。警報器 通常被用於觸發視訊紀錄裝置,以紀錄各種重要之區 域。如美國專利案6,028,626所揭冑,該視訊監視系統能 夠決定該視訊範圍内之物件之速度,方向與加速度。 當某些事件發生時,本技術目前存在許多問題。例如, 89570.doc 1289404 當一觸發事件發生,例如當-物件與一附加之RFID標籤 通過-RFID監控入口,該入口和/或相關區域之視訊監視 器被初始化。當該觸發物件被移入不同區,不包糾⑽ 天線’則該區域中之視訊臣七相 优汛皿視姦不會被觸發,而且該物 品之視訊監視器會失去作用。需要特定資產之區域至區 域視訊監視器。於另-範例中,可授權—物件,僅可由 某人從-控制區移除。沒有手動介入,如果該物件從該 區域移除,—警報器會被觸發,即使移除該物件之個人 擁有適當權限以移除該物件。-資產不僅與區域相關: 也需要有一特定個人。 【發明内容】 本毛明提供種於一控制區内,由區至區追縱資產之 系統。該追縱由-觸發事件初始化。該系統也可通過電 子方式識別該等資產,而且有選擇性地紀錄與顯示該資 產與身分。 該事件驅動視訊追縱系統與方法包括用於感應一預選 擇事件之感應器。該預選擇事件位於一第一區域中。第 一視矾監視攝影機之視訊範圍定義該第一區域。該第一 視訊監視攝影機受該感應器之影響,該感應器為回應該 預選擇之事件,啟動該第_視訊監視攝影機。該第一視 訊監視攝影機監控與該預選擇事件相關之影像,並追蹤 位於。亥第一區域之影像。第二視訊監視攝影機具有定義 -第二區域之視訊範圍。該第一區域與該第二區域有一 重®部分。該第二視訊監視攝影機取得位於該重疊部分 89570.doc 1289404 之影像,並追蹤位於該第二區域之影像。 5亥糸統可具有<貢產庫 該預選擇事件之資訊。 以結合該預選擇事件與有關 及該等放置該授 該預選擇資訊可包括一資產之身分 權資產之區域。 該預選擇事件可包括讀取一 RFID標籤。 該系統可包括一視訊紀錄器及/或一視訊顯示器。 該系統可具有複數個感應器與複數個定義複數個區域 之視訊監視攝影機。 - 用於預測該影像之速度與方向之預測演算法被用於該 影像之追蹤。 於取得位於該重疊部分之影像中,轉移該第一區域之 影像座標給該第二區域使用。 由下面本發明之實施例之詳細描述,可更加明白本發 明之目·的,優點與應用。 【實施方式】 參考圖1,視訊控制器2控制”η"個視訊監視區4之每一 個’其中’’η"大於等於(^)2區域。每一視訊監視區4可以 具有由視訊控制器2控制之一固定焦距,變焦鏡頭,搖鏡 頭與傾斜鏡頭,廣角,或其他攝影機。視訊控制器2還控 制視訊記錄器6,其可以是一或更多的類比或數位記錄 裔’並控制視訊顯示器8,其可以是一或更多的視訊顯示 器。事件驅動追蹤控制器1 〇指示該視訊控制器2如何控制 視訊監視區4中之該等視訊攝影機,以追蹤資產。事件驅 89570.doc 1289404 動追蹤控制器ίο接收區域感應器12之輸入。區域感應器 12使用一或更多個感應器,,m",其中,,❿^丨感應器,以追 蹤選擇的範圍,稱為區域。感應器,,m,,可以是一灯①標 籤,紅外線感應器,光學感應器,聲音感應器,或另一 感應為,其輸出可用以觸發事件驅動追蹤控制器丨〇。事 件驅動追蹤控制器10與資產庫14通信,資產庫14包括所 有受該系統控制之資產表,而且可包括各資產被授權於 其中之該等區域。如果該資產離開其所屬區域,該視訊 監視器被觸發。資產庫14可包括其他所希望之資產控制 規則。一規則範例是如果一特定的個人進入一控制區, 則觸發視訊追縱。一替代規則可以是資產號碼X,除非 附有貧產A,B或C之一,否則不准離開控制區γ,其中A,B 與C是個人授權以從區域γ移除資產又。如果違反該規 則,視訊追蹤被觸發。其他相關活動被初始化,例如一 二報μ自動呼叫授權之個人,而且,和視訊追縱一樣, 其他希望之活動也被觸發。該預期應用之規則選擇是有 彈性的,而且可經由程式設計實行。 在由區域感應器12輸入至事件驅動追蹤控制器1〇之觸 毛之後3事件驅動追縱控制器丨〇指示視訊控制器2開始 追縱位於w亥適虽視讯監視區4之資產,並且識別該資產, 如果該驅動事件包括識別符。可以如預期的選擇該觸發 事件而且疋一 RFID讀取,並包括該資產識別符,或者 其他感測輸入不包括來自一重要區之識別符。一旦該視 訊控制器開始追蹤該資產,如果該資產識別符是可辨識 89570.doc 1289404 的則與该視訊影像一起,分別被儲存並顯示於視訊記 錄器6與視訊顯示器8。如果多觸發事件發生,複數個資 產能被追蹤並識別。 苓考圖2,以一實施例操作描述說明本發明,感應器 ffm ”會是一或更多的RFID標籤20,而且該區域感應器12 給該事件驅動追蹤控制器10之輸入會是一 RFID閱讀機 之輸出可放在接近或進入視訊監視區1。視訊監視區 1與視訊監視區2分別由視訊攝影機24與視訊攝影機%監 視,由視訊控制器2控制。在進入區域丨之後,RFm閱讀 機22讀取標籤20。RFID閱讀機22與事件驅動追蹤控制器 1〇通信,如顯示於圖丨之區域感應器12,而且通信關於該 資產之相關資訊,屬於該資產之RFID標藏20被連接,附 加或結合。事件驅動追蹤控制器1〇與資產庫14通信,並 結合由該RFID標籤20接收之資訊與相關的儲存資訊。 如上面之描述,資產庫14包括用於決定觸發事件之規 則。觸發事件是隨著希望被視訊追蹤,紀錄和/或顯示之 資產而發生的事件。假設由rFID標籤2〇獲得資訊,並與 事件驅動追蹤控制器1〇通信是一觸發事件,事件驅動追 縱控制為’ 10命令視訊控制器2開始追縱該觸發資產。此 刻,因該資產會與該RFID閱讀機22毗連,所以會知道該 貧產之位置,而且該追蹤視訊攝影機24能輕易取得該資 產之影像。该資產現在是在視訊監視器之下,而且根據 從該RFID標籤20和/或資產庫14獲得之資訊識別該資 產。該資產可以是具有一 RFID標誌之個人,或具有一 89570.doc -10- 1289404 RFID標籤之物件以某些方法隱藏,連接,附加或結合。 當該資產移入區域i,在視訊控制器2之控制下,攝影機 24會通過電子方式和/或在機械方面依 而定縱該資產。當歷標藏20移入區 控制益2會啟動攝影機26,而且會通過沿著該影像與 RFID;b籤20結合之位置,如攝影機以所辨識的。有多種 方式,其中會通過RFID標藏2〇之位置,例如建立一與各 攝衫機相關之座標系統,而且從該攝影機24之座標系統 轉移该座標給攝影機26之座標系統。#rfid標籤移入 區域2,攝影機26會繼續監視,而攝影機24會失去監視。 實際上區域與攝影機之數量會增力口至無限制的數量。 觸發感應器”m”之組合可以被使用。例如,於某些區 域中僅實行-運轉伯測器,該資產會被追縱,但不會 被識別。备該資產被追5從,可被移入具有一 rfid感應器 之區域。一旦該1117113閱讀機22與控制器1〇通信,該資產 曰被識別可此或谷易以視訊控制器2與事件控制器1 〇 之有彈性之程式設計說明許多其他種的感應器與區域。 為了協助追蹤該資產,視訊控制器2可使用預測演算法 16,如圖1所顯示,以決定該資產有用的追蹤特性。有用 的追蹤特性包括影像速度,方向,加速度,及其他有關 的乡數光〃,L數值與其他已知的技術能被使用於該預測 廣#去16。當該監視攝影器的使用通過電子方式或在機 械方面犯夠是搖鏡頭與傾斜鏡頭,及變焦鏡頭功能,使 用預測演算法16是特別有利。 89570.doc 1289404 應瞭解不需違背本發明之範圍,即 < 進行本發明之變 化與修改。於圖2提供之該範例是一實施例,而且該特定 實行描述能被改變。例如,一信號控制器或一電腦。也 可瞭解不應解釋本發明之範圍受限於於此揭露之該等特 定實施例,而是根據前述之揭露閱讀時,只根據該附加 申5青專利範圍。 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1是本發明之一實施例之方塊圖。 圖2是說明本發明中,資產之視訊區交遞方塊圖。- 【圖式代表符號說明】 1,2 視訊控制器 4 視訊監視區 6 視訊記錄器 8 視訊顯示器 10 事件驅動追蹤控制器 12 區域感應器 14 資產庫 16 預測演算法 20 RFID標籤 22 RFID閱讀機 24, 26 攝影機 89570.doc -12-
Claims (1)
- Ι2894α4..一種事件驅動視訊追蹤之系統,其 、申請專利範園: 之系統,其包括: 配置於 感應一預選擇事件之構件,該預選擇事件具有旦,具有定義該第一區域之視訊範圍之第一視訊監視攝 影機,該第一視訊監視攝影機受該感應構件影響,該感應 構件為回應該預選擇之事件,啟動該第一視訊監視攝: 機其中遁第一視訊監視攝影機監控與該預選擇事件相關 之影像,該第一視訊監視攝影機包括追蹤位於該第一區域 之影像之構件;及 一具有定義一第二區域之視訊範圍之第二視訊監視攝 &機”亥第一區域與該第二區域有一重疊部分,該第二視 訊監視攝影機具有取得該重疊部分内之影像之構件,並包 括追蹤位於該第二區域之影像之構件。 如申明專利祀圍第1項之糸統,進一步包括結合該預選擇 事件與有關該預選擇事件之資訊之資產庫構件。 3 ·如申請專利範圍第2項之系統,其中該預選擇資訊包括一 負產之身分’及該等放置该資產被授權之區域。 4.如申請專利範圍第3項之系統,其中該預選擇事件包括讀 取一 RFID標籤。 5·如申請專利範圍第丨項之系統,進一步包括一視訊紀錄 器。 6.如申請專利範圍第丨項之系統,進一步包括一視訊顯示 89570-960119.doc 1289404 [1:1¾¾9修(Xf替換頁 7. 8· 9. 10. 如申請專利範圍第1項之系統,進一步包括複數個感應構 件’複數個定義複數個區域之視訊監視攝影機。 如申請專利範圍第1項之系統,其中追蹤位於該第一區域 之影像之構件,與追蹤位於該第二區域之影像之構件包 括一預測演算法,以預測該影像之速度與方向。 如申請專利範圍第1項之系統,其中取得位於該重疊部分 之影像之構件,包括轉移該第一區域之該影像座標給該 弟«一區域。 一種由一事件開始追蹤一視訊影像之方法,包括: 感應一預選擇事件,該預選擇事件具有一配置在一第一 區域内之位置,該第一區域由一第一視訊監視攝影機之視 訊範圍所定義; 為回應該預選擇事件,啟動該第一視訊監視攝影機,監 控有關該預選擇事件之影像,並追蹤位於該第一區域之影 像;及 / 由位於一第二區域與該第一區域之重疊部分之一第二 視訊監視攝影機取得該影像,由該第二視訊監視攝影機之 視訊範圍定義該第二㈣,並追蹤位於該第=區域之影 像。 " 89570-960119.doc -2-
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AU2003290998B2 (en) | 2009-02-05 |
CA2504788A1 (en) | 2004-06-17 |
JP2006509422A (ja) | 2006-03-16 |
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