CN1720719A - 事件驱动的视频跟踪系统 - Google Patents

事件驱动的视频跟踪系统 Download PDF

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CN1720719A
CN1720719A CNA2003801048493A CN200380104849A CN1720719A CN 1720719 A CN1720719 A CN 1720719A CN A2003801048493 A CNA2003801048493 A CN A2003801048493A CN 200380104849 A CN200380104849 A CN 200380104849A CN 1720719 A CN1720719 A CN 1720719A
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surveillance camera
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CN100355270C (zh
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菲利普·A·拉佐
里克·F·柯默格利欧
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Adt Services LLC
Tyco Fire and Security GmbH
Sensormatic Electronics LLC
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Sensormatic Electronics Corp
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00Television systems
    • H04N7/18Closed-circuit television [CCTV] systems, i.e. systems in which the video signal is not broadcast
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S3/00Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received
    • G01S3/78Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received using electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
    • G01S3/782Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction
    • G01S3/785Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction using adjustment of orientation of directivity characteristics of a detector or detector system to give a desired condition of signal derived from that detector or detector system
    • G01S3/786Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction using adjustment of orientation of directivity characteristics of a detector or detector system to give a desired condition of signal derived from that detector or detector system the desired condition being maintained automatically
    • G01S3/7864T.V. type tracking systems
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F18/00Pattern recognition
    • G06F18/20Analysing
    • G06F18/25Fusion techniques
    • G06F18/251Fusion techniques of input or preprocessed data
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06VIMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V20/00Scenes; Scene-specific elements
    • G06V20/50Context or environment of the image
    • G06V20/52Surveillance or monitoring of activities, e.g. for recognising suspicious objects
    • GPHYSICS
    • G07CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07CTIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/20Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass
    • G07C9/28Individual registration on entry or exit involving the use of a pass the pass enabling tracking or indicating presence
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06VIMAGE OR VIDEO RECOGNITION OR UNDERSTANDING
    • G06V20/00Scenes; Scene-specific elements
    • G06V20/40Scenes; Scene-specific elements in video content
    • G06V20/44Event detection

Abstract

一种跟踪和电子识别受控区内资产从监视区域到监视区域的系统。触发事件可以是RFID阅读器的输出或其他事件,它启动与RFID标记相关资产的视频跟踪或其他触发器。当资产的图像从摄像机到摄像机进行越区切换时,视频监视连续地从区域到区域进行。可以有选择地显示和记录资产的图像以及资产的标识。利用多个不同的触发传感器和视频摄像机,该系统在多种不同环境下和监视区域中是灵活的并可用于编程。

Description

事件驱动的视频跟踪系统
技术领域
本发明涉及活动目标的视频跟踪,具体涉及事件触发器启动的视频跟踪,其中通过多个可视区域跟踪目标。
背景技术
在U.S.Patent No.5,708,423中公开这样一些系统,通过连接转发器到个人或物体并接收从转发器发射的识别信号,可以跟踪个人或物体的位置。完成这种跟踪的常用技术称之为射频识别(RFID)。通常,每个转发器发射唯一的识别信号,识别信号用于识别与转发器连接的个人或物体。一般地说,这种系统中转发器产生的识别信号是被天线接收并与接收电路相联系。在某些情况下,天线是与允许进入房间的大门或入口相联系。通常还考虑确定被跟踪物体相对于入口的方向。被跟踪物品的建筑可以包含若干个受控区和非受控区。可以允许物品进入某些区域,但不允许进入其他的区域。报警通常是用于警告物品被移入或移出特定受控区的个人。
受控区和相联系的入口也可以在视频监视下。报警通常用于触发视频记录设备以记录有关的各个区域。如在U.S.Patent No.6,028,626中所公开的,视频监视系统能够确定视频覆盖范围内物体的速度,方向和加速度。
在发生某些事件时,当前技术中出现一些问题。在发生触发事件时,例如,当有粘附RFID标记的物品传输通过RFID监测入口时,可以启动入口和/或相联系区域的视频监视。在触发物品移入不同的区域时,若该区域可能不包含RFID天线,则不触发该区域中的视频监视,从而失去物品的视频监视。我们需要的是对特定资产从区域到区域的视频监视。在另一个例子中,仅仅授权某个人可以从受控区移出物品。在没有人工干预的条件下,若从区域中移出物品,则能够触发报警,即使移出物品的个人有移出该物品的合适授权。我们不但需要使资产与区域相联系,而且还需要使它与特定个人相联系。
发明内容
本发明提供一种在受控位置内从区域到区域跟踪资产的系统。跟踪操作是由触发事件启动的。该系统还可以利用电子方法识别资产,并有选择地记录和显示资产和标识。
事件驱动的视频跟踪系统和方法包括检测预选事件的传感器。预选事件位于第一区域内。第一视频监视摄像机的视频覆盖范围确定第一区域。第一视频监视摄像机响应于传感器,该传感器激励第一视频监视摄像机以响应预选事件。第一视频监视摄像机监测与预选事件相联系的图像并跟踪第一区域内的图像。第二视频监视摄像机有确定第二区域的视频覆盖范围。第一区域与第二区域有重叠部分。第二视频监视摄像机捕获重叠部分内的图像,并跟踪第二区域内的图像。
该系统可以有资产数据库,使预选事件与预选信息相联系,预选信息与预选事件有关。
预选信息可以包含资产的标识和授权查找资产的区域。
预选事件可以包括读出RFID标志。
该系统可以包含录像机和/或视频显示器。
该系统可以有多个传感器和确定多个区域的多个视频监视摄像机。
预测图像速度和方向的预测算法可用于跟踪图像。
在捕获重叠部分内的图像时,可以利用从第一区域平移图像坐标到第二区域。
通过以下本发明实施例的详细描述,本发明的目的,优点和应用是显而易见的。
附图说明
图1是本发明一个实施例的方框图。
图2是本发明可视区域越区切换资产的典型方框图。
具体实施方式
参照图1,视频控制器2控制“n”个视频监视区域4中的每个区域,其中“n”大于或等于(≥)2。每个视频监视区域4可以有固定焦距,变焦距,水平和俯仰,广角,或由视频控制器2控制的其他摄像机。视频控制器2还控制录像机6和视频显示器8,录像机6可以是一个或多个模拟或数字录像机,而视频显示器8可以是一个或多个视频显示器。事件驱动跟踪控制器10引导视频控制器2如何控制视频监视区域4中的视频摄像机以跟踪资产。事件驱动跟踪控制器10从区域传感器12接收输入信号。区域传感器12利用一个或多个传感器“m”以监测称之为区域的选择区,其中“m”≥1。传感器“m”可以是RFID标记,红外传感器,运动传感器,光传感器,声音传感器,或其他传感器,它的输出可用于触发事件驱动跟踪控制器10。事件驱动跟踪控制器10与资产数据库14通信,资产数据库14包含系统控制下的所有资产表,并可以包含授权每个资产所在的区域。若资产离开其联系的区域,则触发视频监视。资产数据库14可以包含资产控制所需的其他规则。规则的例子是,若特定个人进入受控区域,则触发视频跟踪。另一个规则是,不允许资产编号X离开受控区域Y,除非有A,B或C中的一个资产相伴,其中A,B和C是授权从区域Y中移出资产X的个人。若违反规则,则触发视频跟踪。可以启动其他相联系的动作,例如,报警,自动呼叫授权个人,以及可以触发如视频跟踪的其他所需动作。具体应用的规则选择是灵活的,并可以通过编程实施。
在从区域传感器12触发输入到事件驱动跟踪控制器10之后,事件驱动跟踪控制器10引导视频控制器2开始跟踪合适视频监视区域4中的资产,如果触发事件包含标识,则识别该资产。可以根据需要选取触发事件,它可以是从有关区域包含资产标识的RFID读出,或可以是不包含标识的其他传感器输入。一旦视频控制器开始跟踪资产,则可以在录像机6和视频显示器8中分别存储和显示该资产的标识以及视频图像。若发生多个触发事件,则可以跟踪和识别多个资产。
参照图2,我们具体描述一个实施例以解释本发明。传感器“m”是一个或多个RFID标记20,从区域传感器12到事件驱动跟踪控制器10的输入是RFID阅读器22的输出,阅读器22可以放置在视频监视区域1的入口附近。视频监视区域1和视频监视区域2分别是在视频摄像机24和视频摄像机26的监视下,这两个摄像机是受视频控制器2的控制。在进入区域1之后,RFID阅读器22读出RFID标记20。RFID阅读器22与事件驱动跟踪控制器10通信,如图1中区域传感器12所示,并传输与资产有关的信息到连接,粘附或相联系的RFID标记20。事件驱动跟踪控制器10与资产数据库14通信,并把从RFID标记20接收的信息与有关存储信息相联系。
如上所述,资产数据库14可以包含用于确定触发事件的规则。触发事件是需要视频跟踪,以及记录和/或显示资产所发生的事件。我们假设,从RFID标记20得到并传输到事件驱动跟踪控制器10的信息是触发事件,事件驱动跟踪控制器10命令视频控制器2开始跟踪触发资产。此时,资产的位置是知道的,因为它是与RFID阅读器22相邻,因此,跟踪视频摄像机24可以容易地捕获资产的图像。现在,资产是在视频监视下并根据从RFID标记20和/或资产数据库14得到的信息被识别。资产可以是有RFID标记的个人或有RFID标记的物体,它是以某种方式被隐蔽,连接,粘附或联系。当资产在区域1内运动时,摄像机24在视频控制器2的控制下利用电子和/或机械方式跟踪资产,它与所使用的摄像机有关。当RFID标记20运动进入区域1+2时,视频控制器2激励摄像机26,并沿着与RFID标记20相联系的图像位置经过,这是从摄像机24中获悉的。可以有多种方法经过RFID标记20的位置,例如,建立与每个摄像机相关的坐标系统并从摄像机24的坐标系统平移坐标到摄像机26的坐标系统。当RFID标记20移入区域2时,摄像机26继续监视,而摄像机24失去监视。区域和摄像机数目的增加实际上是不受限制的。
可以利用触发传感器“m”的组合。例如,在某些区域,可以仅仅利用运动传感器,资产被跟踪,但可以不识别。在跟踪资产时,它可以移入有RFID传感器的区域。一旦RFID阅读器22与控制器10通信,则资产被识别。通过视频控制器2和事件控制器10的灵活编程,可以容易地实现传感器和区域的许多其他变化。
如图1所示,为了有助于跟踪资产,视频控制器2可以利用预测算法16以确定有用的资产跟踪特征。有用的跟踪特征包括:图像速度,方向,加速度,和其他有关的参数。在预测算法16中可以利用光流量计算和其他的已知技术。当使用的监视摄像机利用电子或机械方式完成水平和俯仰,变焦功能时,利用预测算法16是特别有益的。
应当明白,在不偏离本发明范围的条件下,可以对本发明作各种变化和改动。图2中给出的例子仅是一个实施例,我们可以改变具体的实施细节。例如,可以利用单个控制器或计算机,或多个控制器或计算机,完成上述的功能。还应当明白,本发明的范围不应当解释成受此处所公开具体实施例的限制,在阅读以上公开的内容之后,本发明的范围仅受所附权利要求书的限制。

Claims (10)

1.一种事件驱动的视频跟踪系统,包括:
检测预选事件的装置,所述预选事件有第一区域内设定的位置;
有确定所述第一区域视频覆盖范围的第一视频监视摄像机,所述第一视频监视摄像机响应于所述传感器装置,所述传感器装置激励所述第一视频监视摄像机以响应所述预选事件,其中所述第一视频监视摄像机监测与所述预选事件相关的图像,所述第一视频监视摄像机包含跟踪装置,用于跟踪所述第一区域内的所述图像;和
有确定第二区域视频覆盖范围的第二视频监视摄像机,所述第一区域和所述第二区域有重叠部分,所述第二视频监视摄像机有捕获所述重叠部分内所述图像的装置并包含跟踪所述第二区域内所述图像的装置。
2.按照权利要求1的系统,还包括:资产数据库装置,使所述预选事件与预选信息相联系,预选信息与所述预选事件有关。
3.按照权利要求2的系统,其中所述预选信息包含资产标识和授权查找资产的区域。
4.按照权利要求3的系统,其中所述预选事件包括读出RFID标记。
5.按照权利要求1的系统,还包括:录像机。
6.按照权利要求1的系统,还包括:视频显示器。
7.按照权利要求1的系统,还包括:多个所述检测装置,确定多个区域的多个视频监视摄像机。
8.按照权利要求1的系统,其中所述跟踪所述第一区域内所述图像的装置和所述跟踪所述第二区域内所述图像的装置包含预测算法,用于预测所述图像的速度和方向。
9.按照权利要求1的系统,其中所述捕获所述重叠部分内所述图像的装置包含平移装置,用于从所述第一区域平移所述图像坐标到所述第二区域。
10.一种用于跟踪事件启动视频图像的方法,包括:
检测预选事件,所述预选事件有第一区域内设定的位置,第一区域是由第一视频监视摄像机的视频覆盖范围确定;
激励所述第一视频监视摄像机以响应所述预选事件,监测与所述预选事件相联系的图像,和跟踪所述第一区域内的所述图像;和
利用第二视频监视摄像机捕获第二区域与所述第一区域重叠部分内的所述图像,所述第二区域是由所述第二视频监视摄像机的视频覆盖范围确定,并跟踪所述第二区域内的所述图像。
CNB2003801048493A 2002-12-03 2003-11-17 事件驱动的视频跟踪系统 Expired - Fee Related CN100355270C (zh)

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Cited By (9)

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KR101046873B1 (ko) 2011-07-05
BRPI0316342A8 (pt) 2017-12-19
AU2003290998B2 (en) 2009-02-05
JP2009159648A (ja) 2009-07-16
CN100355270C (zh) 2007-12-12
EP1568213A4 (en) 2010-07-28
TWI289404B (en) 2007-11-01
HK1086414A1 (en) 2006-09-15
CA2504788C (en) 2011-10-04
KR20050084060A (ko) 2005-08-26
US20040105006A1 (en) 2004-06-03
US6791603B2 (en) 2004-09-14
CA2504788A1 (en) 2004-06-17
TW200507632A (en) 2005-02-16

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