TW538451B - Lithographic template and method of formation and use - Google Patents

Lithographic template and method of formation and use Download PDF

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Publication number
TW538451B
TW538451B TW91102004A TW91102004A TW538451B TW 538451 B TW538451 B TW 538451B TW 91102004 A TW91102004 A TW 91102004A TW 91102004 A TW91102004 A TW 91102004A TW 538451 B TW538451 B TW 538451B
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template
layer
substrate
item
patent application
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TW91102004A
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David P Mancini
Doug J Resnick
William J Dauksher
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Motorola Inc
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03FPHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
    • G03F7/00Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
    • G03F7/0002Lithographic processes using patterning methods other than those involving the exposure to radiation, e.g. by stamping
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82YSPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y10/00Nanotechnology for information processing, storage or transmission, e.g. quantum computing or single electron logic
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B82NANOTECHNOLOGY
    • B82YSPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
    • B82Y40/00Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S438/00Semiconductor device manufacturing: process
    • Y10S438/942Masking
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10STECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S438/00Semiconductor device manufacturing: process
    • Y10S438/942Masking
    • Y10S438/945Special, e.g. metal
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/31504Composite [nonstructural laminate]
    • Y10T428/31507Of polycarbonate

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Nanotechnology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Exposure Of Semiconductors, Excluding Electron Or Ion Beam Exposure (AREA)
  • Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Description

五、發明説明(1 ) 本發明係關於半導體裝置、微電子裝置、微電子 置、微流體裝置,特別係關於微影樣板、微影樣板之成形 万法及具有微影樣板的半導體裝置之成形方法。 / 登明背景 積極電路的製造涉及產生若干材料層,其以某種方式互 相作用。這些層之一或更多可以圖案化,以致於層的各區 域具有不同的電特徵’其可以在層或其他層中互聯,以產 生電子部件與電路。這些區域可以藉由選擇性引入或移除 各種材料而產生。界定此區域的圖案通常由微影過程產生 、。例如,一層光阻材料施加至一在晶圓基材上方之層上。 光罩幕(含有清晰及不透明的區域)用於藉由一種輻射,諸 如紫外光、電子或乂光,選擇性暴露此光阻材料。暴露於 2射的光阻材料或未暴露於輻射的光阻材料係藉由施加顯 〜劑而移除。然後,蝕刻可以施加至未由剩餘的抗蝕劑保 濩的層,且當移除抗蝕劑時,基材上方的層圖案化。 上述微影過程典型上用於將圖案自一光罩幕轉印至一裝 置田半導體裝置上的特性尺寸減少至次微米範圍的時候 而要新的微影過程或技術,以將高密度半導體裝置圖案 化。已經建議若干新的微影技術,其可達到此需求,且係 基於壓印及沖壓。特別地,步進及閃光壓印微影(SFIL)已 顯示成為能夠將小至60毫微米的線圖案化。 步進及閃光壓印微影樣板典型上藉由施加一層鉻(8〇_ 1〇〇耄微米厚)至一透明石英板上而製造。一抗蝕層施加至 -5 - 本紙張尺度適财S Η家標準(CNS)⑽顧㈣χ挪公爱) 538451 A7 B7 五、發明説明(2 ) 鉻,且使用電子束或光學暴露系統圖案化。然後,抗蝕劑 放在顯影劑上’以在鉻層上形成圖案。抗蝕劑充當罩幕, 以蝕刻鉻層。然後,鉻充當硬罩幕,用於蝕刻石英板。最 後,移除鉻,藉以形成石英樣板,其在石英中含有浮雕影 像。 總步進及閃光壓印微影技術得利於它們唯獨使用光 化學、使用周圍溫度及所需的低壓,以執行步進及閃光壓 印微影過程。在典型的步進及閃光壓印微影過程,使一基 材塗有機平面化層,且緊鄰於一透明的步進及閃光壓印微 影樣板’其典型上由含有浮雕影像且塗佈低表面能量材料 的石英組成。一對紫外光或深紫外光敏感的可光固化的有 機溶液澱積於樣板及所塗佈的基材之間。使用最小的壓力 ’使樣板接觸基材,特別是可光固化的有機層。其次,藉 由照射通過樣板,有機層在室溫固化或交叉鏈接。光源典 型上使用紫外光輻射。某一範圍的波長(15〇毫微米_5〇〇毫 微米)係可行的’然而,係依樣板的透射性及可光固化的 有機物的光敏感性而定。其次,樣板與基材及有機層分離 ,在平面化層上留下樣板浮雕的有機複製物。然後,將此 圖案以短的鹵素斷缺蝕刻,接著係氧反應離子蝕刻(rie) ,以在有機層及平面化層中形成高解析度、高展弦比的特 性。 必須注意微影罩幕及微影樣板之間的差異。微影罩幕係 當作模板’以將光的空中影像施加至光阻材料中。微影樣 板具有一蝕刻至它的表面中的浮雕影像,產生一模型或轉 -6 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公釐) 538451 A7 B7 五、發明説明(3 模。當光可固化的液體流入浮雕影像而後固化時,界定一 圖案。所以,罩幕及樣板所需要的屬性相當不同。 步進及閃光壓印微影技術已經展示將特性分解至小到60 亳微米。如此一來,可以在單一晶圓上獲得各種特性尺寸 °然而,上述步進及閃光壓印微影樣板製造方法存在若干 問題。特別地,當只使用一鉻硬罩幕時,石英樣板的均勻 姓刻存在著問題。應注意,樣板上的蝕刻深度最終決定晶 圓上之光固化抗蝕層的厚度,結果,係非常重要。更特別 地,關於以蝕刻均勻性表示的小特性(<2〇〇毫微米)之微負 載效應存在著問題。眾人皆知,蝕刻小(<2〇〇毫微米)特性 時比大特性更慢,導致在樣板上的重要尺寸及蝕刻深度二 者之不均勻性。由於蝕刻期間的微負載效應,小特性既不 完全蝕刻,且不如大特性深。更特別地,小於2〇〇毫微米 之線的蝕刻深度淺於大特性者。此導致一抗蝕劑影像,其 自大至小特性的厚度係不均勻的。因此,產生三特定負面 結果:(1)不良的線寬度控制;(ii)不均勻的蝕刻深度(導致 不良的抗蝕劑厚度均勻性);及圓化的抗蝕劑輪廓。 此外’在樣板的電子束寫入及製造以後的樣板檢驗存在 著問題。特別地,必須存在一導電層,以避免在電子束曝 光期間的電荷堆積。此外,由於樣板係由單一材料組成, 故不易達成可檢驗性。典型的檢驗系統使用光(紫外光或 深紫外光)或電子,以決定特性尺寸,及偵測樣板上之不 欲的缺陷。基於光的系統需要在樣板的圖案化與非圖案化 區之間的不同反射率或折射率,以提供良好的影像對比。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公釐)
裝 訂
538451 A7 B7 五、發明説明(4 同樣地,基於電子的系統需要在樣板的圖案化與#圖案化 區之間的不同原子數。為了克服此問題,具有不同的光學 性質或不同的原子數之複數材料允許檢驗,其係次於1 00 毫微米的特性所需者。 因此,有利的是針對重要的尺寸與蝕刻深度二者,改良 微影印刷使用的樣板之蝕刻均勻性。此外,有利的是提供 一樣板,其中可以達成次微米結構的檢驗。 本發明之一目的係提供一種改良的微影樣板,一種改良 的微影樣板之製造方法,及一種具有改良的微影樣板之半 導體裝置之製造方法,其中針對重要的尺寸與蝕刻深度二 者,改良樣板之蝕刻均勻性。 本發明之另一目的係提供一種改良的微影樣板,一種改 良的微影樣板之製造方法,及一種具有改良的微影樣板之 半導體裝置之製造方法,其中達成次微米結構檢驗的改良。 發明概述 本發明係關於半導體裝置、微電子裝置、微電子機械裝 置、微流體裝置,特別係關於微影樣板、微影樣板之成形 方法及具有微影樣板的裝置之成形方法。所揭示者係一微 影樣板,其包含一基材、一蝕刻停止層及一圖案層。微影 樣板的成形係藉由提供一透明基材、在基材上成形一蝕刻 停止層、在蝕刻停止層上成形一圖案層、在圖案層上成形 一圖案化抗蝕層、蝕刻圖案層以暴露部分的蝕刻停止層及 移除圖案化抗蝕層,以暴露蝕刻的圖案層,於是界定一微 影樣板。此外,所揭示者係一種具有所提供之微影樣板的 -8 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公釐)
線 538451 A7 B7 五、發明説明(5 裝置之製造方法,包含的步驟係提供一基材,以可光固化 的液體塗佈基材,提供前述微影樣板,將微影樣板安置成 為接觸於可光固化的液體,施加壓力至樣板以致於一圖案 產生於可光固化的液體中,使輻射透射通過微影樣板,以 暴露基材上之至少一部分可光固化的材料,藉以進一步影 響可光固化的液體中的圖案’及自基材移除樣板。 圖式簡單說明 從較佳實施例的下列詳細說明,配合圖,專精於此技藝 的人易於明白本發明之前述與其他及更特定目的與優點, 圖中: 圖1 -7以剖視圖繪示過程步驟,用於製造依據本發明的 微影樣板;及 圖8係製造具有依據本發明的微影樣板之半導體裝置的 簡化過程流程圖。 可以明白,為了簡化及清楚繪示起見,繪示於圖中的元 件不一定照比例畫。例如,為了清楚起見,某些元件的尺 寸相對於其他元件而誇大。此外,在認為適當之處,圖中 的參考號碼已重複,以指示對應或類似的元件。 較佳實施例說明 本發明係關於針對重要的尺寸與蝕刻深度二者,改良樣 板的蝕刻均勻性,及關於樣板之改良的檢驗性質。所建議 者係,雙層材料澱積於一基材表面上,藉以成形包含這些 改良的微影樣板。參考圖丨-7,以剖視圖繪示的係複數過 心步驟,用於製造依據本發明的微影樣板。特別參考圖1 -9 -
297公釐) 538451
此外,蝕刻停止層16必須具有足夠的強度,以在與具有完 成的微影樣板之半導體裝置製造期間的樣板製造及後續處 理有關的應力下存活。所以,蝕刻停止層16大體上揭示成 為厚度係在1-1000亳微米的範圍中,較佳的厚度係至少5 耄微米。蝕刻停止層16具有一在基材12表面14上的表面“ ,係藉由旋轉塗佈、噴濺、蒸氣澱積或類似者而成形。 現在參考圖3,所繪示者係基材12,其上有蝕刻停止層16 。在蝕刻停止層16的表面18上額外成形一圖案層2〇。圖案 層20揭示成為由一不透明或透明材料及包括蝕刻停止層^ 的材料成形,依總體設計目的而定。更特別地,所揭示者 係,所使用之特定型式的材料將與所得的過程步驟有關, 其係完成樣板10的製造必須進行的步驟。圖案層2〇大體上 揭示成為由一材料成形,其反射率(或折射率)或原子數與 用於蝕刻钕止層16的材料不同。原子數之不同可提供改良 的可檢驗性,如目前所述。揭示成為適用於製造圖案層 的透明材料係二氧化矽(Si〇2)、氮化矽(SiN)、矽氧氮化物 (SiON)、銦錫氧化物(IT〇)或類似者。揭示成為適用於製 造圖案層20的不透明材料係鎢(w)、矽化鎢(WSi)、鎢矽氮 化物(WSiN)、鎢合金、姮(Ta)、矽化鈕(TaSi)、鈕矽氮化 物(TaSiN)叙合金、歛(丁丨)、鈥合金、鉬、梦化鉬 、鉬合金、金(Au)、鉻(Cr)或類似者。應注意,某些圖案 層可能不需要蝕刻停止層,原因在於基材本身足以當作蝕 刻停止材料。圖案層2〇可以用於輔助電子束寫入期間的電 何消耗。此外,由於複數層中使用的各種材料,圖案層20 -11 -
538451 A7 _______B7 五、發明説明(9 ) 。最後,移除抗蝕層24,以完成樣板10。在蝕刻停止層16 由不透明材料成形的狀況,必須進行蝕刻停止層16暴露部 分25之移除,以允許輻射接著通過彼。以此方式製造樣板 10俾使包含一不透明的蝕刻停止層16及圖案層20使得不需 要的餘留光聚合物減至最小,增加可檢驗性、與目前樣板 修理技術的相容性、對於有害的清潔之抗力、用於所欲的 圖案轉印屬性之無定形/低表面粗度材料、及改良由於改 變的材料層所致的樣板對比。 圖7以剖視圖繪示一完成的微影樣板1〇,其包含具有表 面14的基材12、在基材12表面14上方的蝕刻停止層16(蝕 刻停止層16具有一表面18)及在蝕刻停止層16表面18上方 的圖案層20。在完成的時候,樣板1〇界定一浮雕影像26於 其内。 顯示於圖8者係一過程流程圖,其中一大體上類似於圖 1-7的樣板10且依據本發明而製造的微影樣板係用於製造 半導體裝置30。起初,提供一半導體基材32。然後,半導 體基材塗佈34輻射敏感的材料,諸如可光固化的有機層或 光阻層。半導體基材可以具有遮蓋裝置或裝置層,諸如聚 矽、氧化物、金屬等,及溝渠與擴散區域或類似者。微影 樣板依據圖1-7的說明而製造36。然後,塗有輻射敏感材 料層之半導體基材安置在微影樣板附近38。輕微的壓力施 加40至樣板,以致於輻射敏感材料層流入樣板上的浮雕影 像。然後,輻射透射42通過微影樣板,包含基材、蝕刻停 止層及圖案層(於圖案層係透明的狀況),且成像於塗有輻 -13 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公黄)

Claims (1)

  1. 一徑微影樣板之成形方法,包括下物: 提供一透明基材,基材具有一表面; 在基材上成形一圖案層; 在圖案層表面上成形一圖案化抗蝕層; 姓刻圖案層,以界定一餘刻的圖案層;及 移除圖案化抗蝕層。 2·如申請專利範圍第1項 固币i負您铽衫樣板又成形方法,並 透步二係進—步提供石英材料、聚碳酸醋材半 3. 如申請專利範圍第i項之微影樣板之成形方法 又產 含在基材與圖案層的表面之間成形1刻停止層的步馬 〇 4. 如申請專利範圍第3項之微影樣板之成形方法,其中成开 一蚀刻停止層的步驟係進一步成 料之-的蚀刻停止層。^成开/不透明材料或透明木 5. 如申請專利範圍第4項之微影樣板之成形方法成天 一不透明材料之蝕刻停止層的步 、 的姓刻停止層。 ”露係進-步成形絡 6. 如申請專利範圍第4項之微影樣板之成形方法,其中成开 一透明材料之姓刻停止層的步辨 ^ , ^ J艾驟係進一步成形氧化名 ⑹二氧化華x〇y)、氮化鋁⑷4)、氮化络(⑽ 、銦錫氧化物(ΓΓΟ)及氧化銦(Inx〇y)至少之一的蚀刻停』 層0 538451 申請專利範圍 7. ^請專利範圍第石項之微影樣板之成 靶圍係0.1-1.0,而y的範圍係o.i-i 〇。 /、X ’ 8. 如申請專利範圍第i項之微影樣板 :=步驟…步成形一二^ Γ^ΛΤΛ": w) ^ T ^ ^" /风心鎢(W)、矽化鎢(wsi) 、鶴梦氮化物(WSiN)、麵(Ta)、-合金、鶴合金、金(Au) 、路⑼、石夕化M(Tasi)、鈇(Ti)、敘合金、细(M0)、石夕 銘(M〇SlH目合金、或一氮化物(TaS叫之一的圖案 層。 10.如申請專利範園第8項之微影樣板之成形方法,其中成形 透明材料的圖案層係進一步成形二氧化梦(si02)、氮化 夕(SiN)、銦知氧化物(IT〇)、或矽氧氮化物(si〇N)之一 的圖案層。 U· —種微影樣板,包括·· 一具有一表面的基材; 在基材上的圖案層,圖案層在其内已界定一浮雕影像。 12·如申凊專利範圍第11項之微影樣板,其中透明基材進一 步係石英材料、聚碳酸酯材料、氟化鈣(caF2)材料、氟 化鎂(MgF2)材料、或耐熱玻璃材料之一。 13·如申請專利範圍第n項之微影樣板,其中又包含一成形 在基材表面上的蝕刻停止層,蝕刻停止層係成形在基材 與圖案層之間。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公釐) C8 " 一 ___D8 .申請Gii 14·如申請專利範圍第1 3項之微影樣板,其中蝕刻停止層係 不透明材料或透明材料之一。 15’如申請專利範圍第1 4項之微影樣板,其中不透明的蝕刻 停止層係鉻(Cr)。 16.如申請專利範圍第14項之微影樣板,其中透明的蝕刻停 止層係氧化鉻(CrxOy)、氧化鋁(Alx〇y)、氮化鋁(AlxNy) 、氮化鉻(CrxNy)、銦錫氧化物(IT〇)及氧化銦(Inx〇y)至少 之一。 H·如申請專利範圍第16項之微影樣板,其中x的範圍係 〇·1-1·〇,而 y的範圍係 0.1-1.0。 18·如申請專利範圍第丨丨項之微影樣板,其中圖案層係不透 明材料或透明材料之一。 19·如申請專利範圍第丨8項之微影樣板,其中不透明的圖案 層係鎢(W)、石夕化鶴(WSi)、鎢碎氮化物(WSiN)、la (Ta) 、备合金、鎢合金、金(Au)、鉻(Cr)、矽化鋰(TaSi)、鈦 (丁i)、鈦合金、鉬(Mo)、矽化鉬(MoSi)、鉬合金、或钽 矽氮化物(TaSiN)之一。 2〇·如申請專利範圍第丨8項之微影樣板,其中透明的圖案層 係一氧化碎(Si02)、氮化碎(SiN)、銦錫氧化物(ITO)、或 矽氧氮化物(SiON)之一。 21·—種半導體裝置之製造方法,包含下列步驟: 提供一基材; 以輻射敏感材料層塗佈於基材; 製造一微影樣板;其中微影樣板包括: 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公釐) 538451 申請專利範圍 —具有一表面的基材;及 7成形在基材上的圖案層,樣板界定一浮雕影像; 、、彳政〜樣板士置成為接觸於輻射敏感材料層,輻射敏 感材料層係在樣板與基材之間; 、心她加壓力至樣&,以致於轉射敏感材料流人樣板上的 浮雕影像; 使輻射透射通過微影樣板’以暴露基材上之至少一部 #㈣㈣科層’藉以進—步影響㈣敏感材料 的圖案,及 自基材移除樣板。 22. 如申請專利範圍第21項之半導體裝置之製造方法,盆中 製造微影樣板的又步驟包含在基材表面上方成形一蚀刻 停止層的步驟,姓刻停止層係成形在樣板與圖案層之間 23. 如中請專利範圍第21項之半導體裝置之製造方法,立中 使輻射透射通過微影樣板的步驟係進一步使紫外光透射 通過微影樣板。 24. 如申請專利範圍第21項之半導體裝置之製造方法,其中 使輻射透射通過微影樣板的步驟作推 ^ ^ Τ係進一步使深紫外光透 射通過微影樣板。 25. 如申請專利範圍第21項之半導體裝置之製造方法,其中 輕射敏感材料層係進一步以可光固化的材料層塗佈於基 材。 26·如申請專利範圍第2 1項之半導體裝置之製造方去其中 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) Α4規格(210X 297公釐) A B c D 538451 六、申請專利範圍 裝置係半導體裝置、微電子裝置、微電子機械裝置或微 流體裝置之一。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公釐)
    )38451 p >切
    第091102004號專利申請案 中文圖式替換頁(92年2月)
    1/2 14' 厂 16 r18 I /27 W
    圖2
    圖7 20
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