TW495434B - A method and apparatus for the continuous production of large surface area geogrids with a high tensile strength - Google Patents

A method and apparatus for the continuous production of large surface area geogrids with a high tensile strength Download PDF

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Publication number
TW495434B
TW495434B TW089103497A TW89103497A TW495434B TW 495434 B TW495434 B TW 495434B TW 089103497 A TW089103497 A TW 089103497A TW 89103497 A TW89103497 A TW 89103497A TW 495434 B TW495434 B TW 495434B
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Taiwan
Prior art keywords
patent application
scope
item
plastic
cross
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Application number
TW089103497A
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English (en)
Inventor
Georg Heerten
Volkhard Muller
Stephan Priewich
Werner Uehlemann
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Naue Fasertechnik Gmbh & Amp C
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Publication of TW495434B publication Critical patent/TW495434B/zh

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C55/00Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C55/02Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets
    • B29C55/04Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets uniaxial, e.g. oblique
    • B29C55/06Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets uniaxial, e.g. oblique parallel with the direction of feed
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/69General aspects of joining filaments 
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/06Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using friction, e.g. spin welding
    • B29C65/0681Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using friction, e.g. spin welding created by a tool
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/08Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/50General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/51Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
    • B29C66/52Joining tubular articles, bars or profiled elements
    • B29C66/526Joining bars
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/737General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7371General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined oriented or heat-shrinkable
    • B29C66/73711General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined oriented or heat-shrinkable oriented
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/84Specific machine types or machines suitable for specific applications
    • B29C66/843Machines for making separate joints at the same time in different planes; Machines for making separate joints at the same time mounted in parallel or in series
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/95Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94
    • B29C66/951Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94 by measuring or controlling the vibration frequency and/or the vibration amplitude of vibrating joining tools, e.g. of ultrasonic welding tools
    • B29C66/9512Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94 by measuring or controlling the vibration frequency and/or the vibration amplitude of vibrating joining tools, e.g. of ultrasonic welding tools by controlling their vibration frequency
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/95Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94
    • B29C66/951Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94 by measuring or controlling the vibration frequency and/or the vibration amplitude of vibrating joining tools, e.g. of ultrasonic welding tools
    • B29C66/9516Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94 by measuring or controlling the vibration frequency and/or the vibration amplitude of vibrating joining tools, e.g. of ultrasonic welding tools by controlling their vibration amplitude
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D17/00Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
    • E02D17/20Securing of slopes or inclines
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D17/00Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
    • E02D17/20Securing of slopes or inclines
    • E02D17/202Securing of slopes or inclines with flexible securing means
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/729Textile or other fibrous material made from plastics
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/84Specific machine types or machines suitable for specific applications
    • B29C66/843Machines for making separate joints at the same time in different planes; Machines for making separate joints at the same time mounted in parallel or in series
    • B29C66/8432Machines for making separate joints at the same time mounted in parallel or in series
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/95Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94
    • B29C66/951Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94 by measuring or controlling the vibration frequency and/or the vibration amplitude of vibrating joining tools, e.g. of ultrasonic welding tools
    • B29C66/9513Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94 by measuring or controlling the vibration frequency and/or the vibration amplitude of vibrating joining tools, e.g. of ultrasonic welding tools characterised by specific vibration frequency values or ranges
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/95Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94
    • B29C66/951Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94 by measuring or controlling the vibration frequency and/or the vibration amplitude of vibrating joining tools, e.g. of ultrasonic welding tools
    • B29C66/9517Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling specific variables not covered by groups B29C66/91 - B29C66/94 by measuring or controlling the vibration frequency and/or the vibration amplitude of vibrating joining tools, e.g. of ultrasonic welding tools characterised by specific vibration amplitude values or ranges
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29LINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2028/00Nets or the like
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24273Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including aperture

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
  • Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
  • Fencing (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
  • Wire Processing (AREA)
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495434 A7 B7 五、發明說明(1 ) 本發明係有關具有高拉伸強度之大表面積大地工程格 栅,其製造方法及裝置,及其最為排水與加強格柵之用途 〇 此種本貝的大地工程格栅,例如用於牢固馬路及鐵軌 構造,牢固大地,穩固斜坡以及牢固填土封閉系統。 耐特龍(Netlon)公司製造的所謂的泰沙(Tensar)大地工 程格柵早在1970年代後期以來已經由全球應用於極為寬廣 的應用範圍。 為了生產此種本質大地工程格柵,擠塑的聚乙烯或聚 丙烯網以規則間隔穿孔。當被加熱時,網於縱向方向(單 軸)拉伸,如英國專利2,073,090所述或於縱向與橫向(雙軸) 拉伸’如英國專利2,035,191所述。拉伸使隨機排列成為 聚合物分子於拉伸方向排列成為有序且對齊的位置。此種 方法可提高大地工程格栅的拉伸強度以及剛硬性。此種大 地工程格柵的進一步發展敘述於US-A 4,618,385(Meixer〇 。但’此種大地工程格拇的問題在於格柵·點無法以通過格 栅點間的網的相同方式均勻拉伸,因此,以此種方式拉伸 的格栅,其強度相對於每平方米重量有某種程度的未臻滿 意。 為了改良強度對每平方米的重量之比,DE-C 41 37 310(Akzo)說明一種製造大地工程格柵之方法,其中製造 第一長條包含二層具有不同熔點範圍的聚合物層及然後拉 伸(分子定向二成分式長條)。然後,長條於橫向鋪設成列 ,藉此方式具有較低熔點範圍的長條邊彼此停靠毗鄰。然 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) ------- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) tT---------線 — _ 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 4 495434 A7 B7 五、發明說明(2 ) 後所得構造暴露於某種溫度,該溫度係高於具有較低熔點 乾圍之聚合物之熔點範圍但低於具有較高熔點範圍之聚合 物之溶點範圍。結果’毗鄰各列長條之交叉出透過具有較 低點範圍的聚合物接合在一起。 英國專利申請案2,314,802(Mercer)係基於類似方法。 此專利文獻中,就先前技術說明現況,思格諾(sign〇de) 公司生產由分子定向聚酯帶製造的大地工程格柵,聚酯帶 之一邊塗布以具有較低熔點的塑膠(二成分式帶)。二成分 式聚酯帶然後彼此交叉疊置因此具有低熔點的邊於交叉區 彼此牴靠承載。然後,溶合交叉區。 此等大地工程格栅之缺點為交叉區結合強度未臻滿意 ’該強度係由較低熔點聚合物成分預先決定。 為了消弭此項缺點,前述英國專利申請案2,314,8〇2( 申請日1996年7月2日,公告日1998年1月14日)開發一種方 法,其中以使用分子定向之二成分式長條,但修改處為每 個格栅網有一底二成分式長條及一頂二成分式長條定位於 機器方向,因此使二長條的具有較低熔點邊於橫條導入之 後於其整個表面係彼此疊置。然後,於各例中,涵括橫條 的底二成分式長條利用火燄熔合或熱空氣熔合,於其全體 表面接合至頂二成分式長條。 雖然此種方法確實提高交叉區的接頭強度,但缺點在 於由材料方面考慮,需要兩種不同的聚合物俾便製造二成 分式長條,且於各例需要兩條二成分式長條才能形成對應 的網格成分。 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) --------訂---------線· 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製
495434 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明說明( 因此,本發明之目的係提供一種大表面積大地工程格 栅,其具有高拉伸強度且係由具有高拉伸強度且不含額外 塗層的單層均質分子定向桿熔合而成,熔合方式為一方面 於塑膠桿熔合交叉區產生滿意的接合強度,但未顯著損害 塑膠桿於交叉區的分子定向,亦即拉伸強度;它方面可確 保經濟有效生產速率。 此種目的可經由使用一種具有高拉伸強度之單層均質 分子定向塑膠桿,以及經由使用一種振動熔合技術達成, 單層均質分子定向塑膠桿具有高拉伸強度且彼此間歇交叉 有夕個父叉區排列成左右及前後田比鄰,於相同條件及加 壓下同時間歇接合在一起。 振動溶合技術包含摩擦溶合法,其中彼此疊置停靠的 塑膠桿交又區並非藉由外部供熱塑化,反而係經由直接將 摩擦能轉成熱塑化。為達此項目的,塑膠桿於其交叉區可 以某種頻率及振幅振動因而使表面軟化,藉此方式於高壓 下熔合在一起。因此,振動熔合的主要特色為往復運動俾 便產生摩擦,因此,熔化熱將僅作用在桿表面上,只有塑 膠桿表面喪失分子定向。此外,此種方法的優點為加熱及 冷卻時間短,原因在於加熱僅發生於表面,故可達成短的 週J時間達成預疋經濟有效生產速率,亦即,根據本發 明之大表面積大地工程格栅可以至少每分鐘2·5米的速度 以全寬,例如5米及帶中心至帶中心之塑膠帶間距約3厘米 生產。 原先認為如此不可能,原因在於原先假定受預期表面
本紙張尺度賴t關家標準(CNS)A4規格(21〇 X 297公f ) ----------------------訂---------線 (請先閱讀背面之注音3事項再填寫本頁) 6 ^434 A7 五、 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 發明說明(4 ) 壓力約1.5牛頓/平方亳米,塑膠桿寬度例如12毫米,有3 厘米網眼及約5000個交又區欲熔合,將產生約ι,〇〇〇,〇〇〇 牛頓力,因此幾乎無法達成可控制的熔合。此外,假定利 用60赫至300赫振動同時熔合大量交叉區,則機器組件將 被破壞。 但,出乎意外地發現,利用適當熔合工作臺的重载設 计’可忍文此種力’結果,例如可同時熔合5〇〇至8〇〇〇個 交叉區。 允許達成此種改良的主要因素為根據本發明發展出一 種新穎振動熔合裝置,配備有一大面積振動板,對應的基 座以及對應控制及壓力系統,以及桿供給排列。複數新穎 振動熔合裝置彼此鄰近架設且於相同壓力條件下於完全相 同的振幅及頻率同時振動。振幅及頻率控制成振幅係於〇5 毫米至2.5毫米,較佳1毫米至2毫米之範圍及頻率係於6〇 至300赫及較佳150至18〇赫之範圍。 由於根據本發明之振動熔合裝置依據交叉區間距以及 桿寬度而定,可用以熔合100至5〇〇個交叉區,此乃過去無 法想像者,因此,本發明經由架設對應數目之根據本發明 之振動熔合單元彼此毗鄰可以任何預定寬度,較佳3至6米 寬度生產大表面積大地工程格栅。 於縱向方向以及機器方向供給的桿於後文稱做縱桿, 較佳係彼此平行且彼此等距供應、。於橫向方向前進之桿後 文稱做橫桿,較佳係疊置於縱桿上以直角交叉縱桿鋪設, 縱桿及橫桿較佳形成方形或者或多或少細長矩形格拇開口 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) --------^---------^ _ 本紙張尺度細巾關家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) 7 495434
經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 一方面縱桿間距,及它方面,橫桿間距可視需要選擇 ’較佳於10毫米至100毫米,特別20亳米至80毫米之範圍 ’以桿之側緣至側緣距離測量。 當製造根據本發明之大表面積大地工程格柵時,其程 序為排列於機器方向的塑膠桿數目以及排列於橫向的等數 塑膠桿形成大地工程格柵總寬度由3米至6米,且較佳5米 ,以及總長為25米至500米,且較佳由5〇米至1〇〇米。 根據本發明使用之塑膠桿之截面形狀可為方形,較佳 具有邊長2.0亳米至6.0毫米,特別2.5毫米至4.5毫米;或 截面為矩形’較佳具有寬5亳米至40亳米,特別1〇亳米,12 笔米或16毫米,及厚〇·4毫米至2.5毫米,特別ι·〇毫米至15 亳米。 根據特殊具體實施例,使用的縱桿為塑膠桿其比橫桿 更寬及/或更厚。 較佳使用的熱塑性材料包括聚酯(PES)例如聚伸乙基 對酞酸酯(PET),聚烯烴如高密度聚乙烯(HDpE)或聚丙烯 (PP),聚醯胺(PA)例如PA 6及PA 66,阿拉密(aramid)及聚 乙烯醇(PVA)。 特別,使用的熱塑性材料為聚伸乙基對酞酸酯(ρΕτ) 或聚丙烯(ΡΡ)。為了確保拉伸強度儘可能變高,於聚丙烯 之例拉伸比至多15,且較佳1:9至1: 13。於ρΕτ之例 ,最大拉伸比為1 : 10,且較佳丨:6至丨·· 8為適當,藉此 本紙張尺錢巾國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公f 了 (請先閱讀背面之注咅?事項再填寫本頁) --------^---------線 _ 495434 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明說明(6 ,於最大拉力之下可達成5%至20%的延長。 塑膝桿強度較佳為300牛頓/平方毫米至8〇〇牛頓/平方 亳米,且可為撓性或剛性。 由於加強格柵與大地間的交互作用係基於大地與格柵 間摩擦力的激發,格柵桿較佳於其頂邊及/或底邊可設置 外廓/衝錄I其可增加格拇相對於大地的摩擦/接觸。 可能的衝緞結構’例如為菱形結構,衝鍛深度0 05毫 米至〇_5耄米。但,衝鍛深度可為塑膠桿厚度之0.5%至30 、。舉例g之,若塑膠桿厚1.5亳米,則衝鍛深度可為每 邊〇·15毫米。 其它可能的衝鍛構造例有 -縱溝 -橫溝 -蜂窩狀構造 -有棘菱形構造 •凸起,棘等 -或前述各種衝鍛構造的組合 本發明將基於下列資料進一步說明,該等資料僅供舉 例說明之用而非限制性。 具有高抗拉強度之塑膠桿使用附有自動熔體過渡單元 的水平設計的擠塑機擠塑。 塑膠桿透過複數拉伸索、熱空氣導管及噴霧導管帶有 桿分歧機構以高拉伸強度拉伸,於該拉伸過程中進行分子 定向。 --------訂---------線 j (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)
9 495434 A7
經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明說明(7 ) 經過擠塑及拉伸的塑膠桿利用捲繞機捲繞於捲軸上, 例如高達15,000線性米長度。 為了進一步處理具有高拉伸強度的塑膠桿而形成具有 寬度較佳3·0米至6.0米,特別5·〇米的大表面積大地工程格 栅,使用的捲軸較佳鋪於捲軸架上。接納各捲軸的裝置較 佳含有煞車裝置俾確保捲軸係以控制方式解捲。對工作寬 度5 ·0米及假設一塑膠桿中心至次一塑膠桿中心間距3〇亳 米,使用寬10毫米的塑膠桿,則需要167個接納裝置。 但如前述,也可選擇於10毫米至1〇〇亳米範圍其它距 離,原因在於例如用於排水蓆,間距較佳縮小至約1〇毫米 或以下俾確保排水構造具有壓力穩定的出口條件。 如前文已述,全部鋪設於縱向方向的塑膠桿較佳彼此 平行。 於縱向方向(機器方向)之塑膠桿(縱桿)係利用起動單 元起動。起動單元含有橫向切削系統用以於更換捲線軸時 分開縱桿,以及接合裝置用於自動接合新縱桿至其餘老舊 縱桿。超音波熔合裝置或振動熔合裝置較佳用於此項接合 操作。 氣力自動煞車可確保各根縱桿係以控制方式被拉出起 動單元。起動單元設計方式為隨後熔合操作中可確保各縱 桿之連續應力。 與縱桿橫向的塑膠桿(橫桿)係利用鋪設頭鋪設。較# 同時鋪設高達50根橫桿。鋪設頭之設計方式為當橫桿通過 縱桿時,較佳於二方向可鋪設高達50根橫桿。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) , ! --------^--------- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 10 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 495434 A7 B7 五、發明說明(8 ) 鋪5又作業期間,各別煞車可確保各別橫桿的應力可維 持恆定。 八鋪"又的秩桿係利用鋁帶拉進或拉出格柵截面積的各別 熔二單元供給。鋁帶拉進裝置包括一底部固定式雙鏈及二 夂平移動式雙鏈。為了確保二雙鏈間有足夠壓力來加壓橫 桿,於底鏈導執下方有壓力軟管,壓迫底銘帶鍵背向頂銘 帶鍵。 同時移動的切削裝置恰在橫桿被送入熔合裝置之前切 削被鋪設且被施加應力的橫桿。 振動熔合裝置,例如包含1〇個振動裝置其彼此毗鄰設 置且各自有片大振動板附有整合一體的振動框架、驅動 產生器、振幅控制電路板及振動極限裝置。各振動裝置的 尺寸例如為475亳米X720毫米,因此1〇部振動裝置共同 允許於單次操作進行約4000至約8000個熔合。熔合操作係 於60至300赫,特別15〇至18〇赫,及高達2毫米的振幅進 1〇邛振動裝置各自有完整的機架。10個對應底工具設 置於10個熔合工作臺下方,為了進行熔合,工作臺利用4 個油壓缸升高。分開冠用於熔合工具區俾導引塑膠桿。 於熔合操作後,大面積大地工程格柵產品供給至層合 站,例如經由主要起動單元供給至層合站用於非織物、梭 織物或針織物或薄片的層合獲得複合產物,例如包含袼栅 及非織物之複合產物用做為塑膠排水元件或分隔及加強元 件,用於僅接於大地工程格柵製造後的作業。一邊或兩
本紙張尺度適财_國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公31 )_
五、發明説明 層疊可利用加熱工具、熱空氣黏膠等層合。於層合後複合 產物進給至切削及捲取單元。 根據本發明之大地工程格柵已經層合至薄片,絕佳適 合做為貨運及台車的防水布,以及做為暫時屋頂。 除了引言部份敘述的主要應用範圍外,根據本發明之 大地工程格柵也可用於建築圍籬,例如做為動物防護圍籬 ,或建造動物飼養區的圍籬,或用於確定建築所在位置圍 籬,用於防止雪崩或防護落石。 圖示之簡要說明 第1圖係顯示本發明之振動鍛造裝置之振動裝置構件 的俯視圖,該構件用於實施本發明所請方法; 第2圖則顯示出’沿第1圖中之A-A線之橫切面圖; (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填窝本頁) .訂· 元件符號對照表 2 4 振動板 對應的基座 縱桿 橫桿 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公釐) 12^

Claims (1)

  1. 495434 双面影印 AS B8 CS D8 丨修 ώ/73! 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 六、申請專利範圍 第8 9 1 0 3 4 9 7號專利中請案中請專利範圍修正本 修正曰期:90年7月 1· 一種連續製造大地工程格栅之方法,該格柵具有大 表面積且包含熱塑性桿彼此交叉且於彼此交叉區藉 熔合接合在一起,該方法之特徵在於使用具有高拉 伸強度之單層均質分子定向塑膠桿,多個彼此左右 及前後排列的交叉區同時使用振動熔合技術間接熔 合。 2 .如申請專利範圍第.1項之方法,其特徵在於同時熔合 500至8000個交叉區。 3 ·如申請專利範圍第1或2項之方法,其特徵在於複數 振動熔合裝置使其於相等壓力及相等振幅及頻率同 時振動。 4 _如申請專利範圍第3項之方法,其中該振幅係於0.5 毫米至2.5毫米之範圍内。 5 ·如申請專利範圍第4項之方法,其中該振幅係於於1 毫米至2毫米之範圍内。 6 ·如申請專利範圍第3項之方法,其中該頻率係於6 0 至300赫之範圍内。 7.如申請專利範圍第6項之方法,其中該頻專係於1 50 至180赫之範圍内。 13 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) ----r II-------裝—— (請先Mtt背面之注意事項寫本頁) 訂- •線· 495434 Ψ AS B8 CS D8 t、申請專利範圍 -------------裝--- (請先閱it背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 8 ·如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其特徵在於彼此交叉 的塑膠桿之設置方式為橫過機器方向之塑膠桿(橫 桿)交叉於機器方向彼此平行的塑膠桿(縱桿)之角度 為45度至90度。 9 .如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其特徵在於塑膠桿之 排列方式為彼此相距,亦即由側緣至側緣之間隔距 離為10至100毫米。 1 0 ·如申請專利範圍第9項之方法,其特徵在於塑膠桿 之排列方式為彼此相距,亦即由側緣至側緣之間隔 距離為20至80毫米。 1 1 ·如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其特徵在於於機器 方向之塑膠桿數目以及於橫過該方向之塑膠桿對應 數目使大地工程格栅具有總寬度約3米至6米。 -線 1 2 .如申請專利範圍第1 1項之方法,其特徵在於機器 方向之塑膠桿數目以及於橫過該方向之塑膠桿對應 數目使大地工程格柵具有總寬度約5米。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 1 3 .如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其特徵在於於機器 方向之塑膠桿數目以及於橫過該方向之塑膠桿對應 數目使大地工程格柵具有總長度為2 5米至1 0 0米。 1 4 如申請專利範圍第1 3項之方法,其特徵在於於機 器方向之塑膠桿數目以及於橫過該方向之塑膠桿對 應數目使大地工程格柵具有總長度為50米至1 00米。 14 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) 495434 AS BS CS D8 六、申請專利範圍 1 5 ·如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其特徵在於使用塑 膠桿具有抗拉強度為300至800牛頓/平方毫米。 < 1 6 ·如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其特徵在於塑膠桿 之截面為方形。 1 7 ·如申請專利範圍第1 6項之方法,其特徵在於塑膠 桿之截面為方形,且該方形具有邊長為2毫米至6毫 米。 1 8 .如申請專利範圍第1 7項之方法,其特徵在於塑膠 桿之截面為方形,且該方形具有邊長為2.5毫米至 4.5毫米。 1 9 .如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其特徵在於塑膠桿 之截面為矩形。 2 0 .如申請專利範圍第1 9項之方法,其特徵在於塑膠 桿之截面為矩形,且該矩形具有寬度為5毫米至40 毫米。 2 1 .如申請專利範圍第2 0項之方法,其特徵在於塑膠 桿之截面為矩形,該矩形具有寬度為10毫米、12毫 米或1 6毫米。 2 2 .如申請專利範圍第1 9項之方法,其特徵在於塑膠 桿之截面為矩形,且該矩形具有厚度為0.4毫米至 2.5毫米。 2 3 .如申請專利範圍第2 2項之方法,其特徵在於塑膠 15 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) ----r !--------裝—— (請先Mtt背面之注意事項^^寫本頁) —訂· 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 參 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 495434 AS B8 CS D8 六、申請專利範圍 桿之截面為矩形,且該矩形具有厚度1.0毫米至1.5 毫米。 2 4 如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其特徵在於使用塑 膠桿已經於頂邊以及底邊經過衝锻。 2 5 _如申請專利範圍第24項之方法,其特徵在於使用 塑膠桿藉由於頂邊及/或底邊之衝鍛深度占塑膠桿 厚度之0.5%至30%。 2 6 .如申請專利範圍第2 5項之方法,其特徵在於該衝 鍛形成一菱形構造。 2 7 .如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其特徵在於使用的 縱桿為塑膠桿,縱桿比用於橫向方向之塑膠桿(橫桿 )更寬。 2 8 .如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其特徵在於使用的 縱桿為塑膠桿,縱桿比用於橫向方向之塑膠桿(橫桿 )更厚。 2 9 .如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其特徵在於使用的 塑膠桿係由聚伸乙基對酞酸酯(PET)或聚丙烯(PP) 製成。 3 0 ·如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其特徵在於非織造 、梭織或針織織物或薄片利用熱工具、熱空氣或黏 膠額外層合至大面積大地工程格栅產品之一邊或兩 邊上。 16 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) ---------------------訂------I ! · (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 495434 AS BS CS D8 t、申請專利範圍 31· —種具有高拉伸強度之大面積大地工程格柵,包 含熱塑性單層均質分子定向桿彼此交叉,該等桿具 有高拉伸強度且利用振動熔合技術於彼此交叉點熔合 在一起。 3 2 ·如申請專利範圍第3 1項之具有高拉伸強度之大面 積大地工程格柵,其特徵在於係由如申請專利範圍 第1至3 0項中任一項之方法所製造。 3 3 .如申請專利範圍第3 1或3 2項之具有兩拉伸強度之 大面積大地工程格柵,其係用做為構筑土方工程.的 排水或加強格栅。 3 4 .如申請專利範圍第3 1或3 2項之大面積大地工程格 柵,其係用做為圍籬元件。 3 5 ·如申請專利範圍第3 1或3 2項之大面積大地工程格 柵,該格柵於一邊或兩邊被層合至薄片以作為防水 布 ° 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 ----U---L-------裝--- (請先Mtt背面之注意事項|^寫本頁) ,線· 36. —種用於製造大面積大地工程格柵之振動熔合裝 置,該格柵具有高拉伸強度及包含彼此交叉且有高 拉伸強度的塑膠桿,該裝置之特徵在於該裝置具有 至少一種振動裝置其可用來同時熔合至少1〇〇個交 叉區。 , 3 7 . —種用於製造大面積大地工程格柵之振動熔合裝 置,該格栅具有高拉伸強度及包含彼此交叉且有高 17 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) 495434 AS B8 CS D8 申請專利範圍 有 具 置 裝 該 於 在 徵熔 特時 之同 置來 裝用 該可 , 其 桿置 :膠裝 :塑動 的振。 度種區 強一叉 伸少交 拉至個 合 達 高 佳 裝高 合有 熔且 動叉 振交 之此 栅彼 格含 程包 工及 地度 大強 積伸 面拉 大高 造有 製具 於柵 用格 種該-, 置 此振 彼等 置相 裝於 動下 振壓 FΠ ^ 力 10於 於可 在元 徵單 特制 該控 , 當 桿適 膠用 塑利 的且 度列 強排 伸右 拉左 達 高 合 熔 時 同 下 壓 加 於 俾 動 振 時 同 率。 頻區 及叉 幅交 個 --------------葉·-- (請先Htt背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂: •線· 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 本紙張尺度適用甲國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐)
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KR100580337B1 (ko) 2006-05-16
TR200000860A2 (tr) 2000-10-23
DE19913479C1 (de) 2000-10-19
HU225179B1 (en) 2006-07-28
KR20010014620A (ko) 2001-02-26
US6572718B2 (en) 2003-06-03
CA2300607A1 (en) 2000-09-25
CZ2000917A3 (cs) 2000-11-15
ATE203951T1 (de) 2001-08-15
TR200000860A3 (tr) 2000-10-23
NO20001457L (no) 2000-09-26
US20080066847A1 (en) 2008-03-20
ES2161672T3 (es) 2001-12-16
EP1038654B1 (de) 2001-08-08
AR023150A1 (es) 2002-09-04
AU2250200A (en) 2000-09-28
UA65584C2 (uk) 2004-04-15
AU762426B2 (en) 2003-06-26
US7740042B2 (en) 2010-06-22
BR0001410A (pt) 2000-10-10
CN1282660A (zh) 2001-02-07
IL134712A0 (en) 2001-04-30

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