TW476734B - Process for the preparation of salt melts using an extruder, and the use thereof - Google Patents
Process for the preparation of salt melts using an extruder, and the use thereof Download PDFInfo
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- TW476734B TW476734B TW088121596A TW88121596A TW476734B TW 476734 B TW476734 B TW 476734B TW 088121596 A TW088121596 A TW 088121596A TW 88121596 A TW88121596 A TW 88121596A TW 476734 B TW476734 B TW 476734B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B21/00—Obtaining aluminium
- C22B21/06—Obtaining aluminium refining
- C22B21/062—Obtaining aluminium refining using salt or fluxing agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01D—COMPOUNDS OF ALKALI METALS, i.e. LITHIUM, SODIUM, POTASSIUM, RUBIDIUM, CAESIUM, OR FRANCIUM
- C01D3/00—Halides of sodium, potassium or alkali metals in general
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/18—Stationary reactors having moving elements inside
- B01J19/20—Stationary reactors having moving elements inside in the form of helices, e.g. screw reactors
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01F—COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS
- C01F7/00—Compounds of aluminium
- C01F7/48—Halides, with or without other cations besides aluminium
- C01F7/50—Fluorides
- C01F7/54—Double compounds containing both aluminium and alkali metals or alkaline-earth metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/06—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to solid or vice versa
- C09K5/063—Materials absorbing or liberating heat during crystallisation; Heat storage materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/36—Accumulators not provided for in groups H01M10/05-H01M10/34
- H01M10/39—Accumulators not provided for in groups H01M10/05-H01M10/34 working at high temperature
- H01M10/399—Cells with molten salts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2219/00054—Controlling or regulating the heat exchange system
- B01J2219/00056—Controlling or regulating the heat exchange system involving measured parameters
- B01J2219/00058—Temperature measurement
- B01J2219/0006—Temperature measurement of the heat exchange medium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2219/00074—Controlling the temperature by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids
- B01J2219/00087—Controlling the temperature by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids with heat exchange elements outside the reactor
- B01J2219/00094—Jackets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/00049—Controlling or regulating processes
- B01J2219/00051—Controlling the temperature
- B01J2219/00074—Controlling the temperature by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids
- B01J2219/00087—Controlling the temperature by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids with heat exchange elements outside the reactor
- B01J2219/00103—Controlling the temperature by indirect heating or cooling employing heat exchange fluids with heat exchange elements outside the reactor in a heat exchanger separate from the reactor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S165/00—Heat exchange
- Y10S165/901—Heat savers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S165/00—Heat exchange
- Y10S165/902—Heat storage
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S423/00—Chemistry of inorganic compounds
- Y10S423/09—Reaction techniques
- Y10S423/12—Molten media
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
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- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Geology (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)
- Seasonings (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Primary Cells (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Formation And Processing Of Food Products (AREA)
Description
476734 經濟部智慧財產笱8工消費合阼社印製 附件一 a :第8812 ί596號專利申請案中文說明書修正頁 ------------- 民國90年8月修正Μ 13 ΐ爹正 - ---^^~0-j----五、發明説明(1)1_補充I 發明說明 本發明係關於使用擠壓機製備鹽熔化物及其混合物的 方法’其中將起始物質熔化並進行反應,且反應產物隨後 通過含鹼金屬鹽之塔或柱。 擠壓機係慣用於供熔化及混合聚合性物質例如塑膠, 擠壓機也可作爲聚合作用之反應器使用,在擠壓機中的陰 離子聚合作用揭示例如將己內醯胺製成尼龍6 ( B. VanBuskirk,M.K. Akkapeddi,Polym. Prepr. Vol. 29,557 ( 1 988)),使用擠壓機代替攪拌槽反應器進行聚合反應之優 點是容易處理高黏性物質,使用擠壓機也可達到充分混合 參與反應之全部物質及良好的熱傳導之要求(G. Menges et al., New Polym. Mater., Proc, Int. Semin., 129-148 (1987)) ,在EP 813 904中,藉由擠壓機製備藥學活性 成份,在此,在熔化狀態下使含酸基之藥學活性成份與鹼 反應。 鹽熔化物例如NaAlCU有多種應用領域,鹽熔化物可在 熱貯存槽(heat stores )中作爲儲存介質使用,例如在加 熱池中作爲熱傳導劑,供覆蓋及純化熔化的金屬,供電塗 高熔點的物質或在初級電池中作爲熔化電解質,例如揭示 在G B 2,0 4 6,5 0 6,這些鹽類的其他可能用途 是在可再充電的鈉電池,在操作溫度爲1 3 0 °C至2 0 0 °C 的電池中使用鹽類(K.M. Abraham,D.M. Pa squad ello,J. Electrochem. Soc·,Vol. 1 37. 1 1 89- 1 1 90 ( 1 990))。 D E 34 1 9 279揭示一種電化學電池,其中陰 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210Χ297公釐) 77^ " (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) •裝· 、1Τ 1^ 476734 A7 B7 五、發明說明(2 ) 極物質摻混鈉/鋁鹵化物鹽熔化物電解質。 一種相當新的應用領域是在” z E B R A電池”,這種高 溫電池包括液體鈉電極、/3 -鋁電解質及在N a A 1 C 1 4 熔化物中含過渡金屬氯化物之電極(B. Cleaver,V. S. Shanvker, J. Electrochem. Soc., Vol. 42, 3409-34 1 3 ( 1 995)) o D E 3 7 1 8 9 2 0揭示經由j夸純的金屬及鹼金屬 鹵化物添加至熔化物而製備鹽熔化物,反應露池是在高於 鹽熔化物之熔點下操作,在實用的實例中,鹼金屬鹵化物 爲N a C 1 ,熔化的鹼金屬爲鈉,且分離劑爲/3 —氧化鋁 ,由於使用純的鈉,必須採取特別的安全注意,例如在保 護性氣壓下工作,反應必須在分離電池中進行,因爲必須 防止形成的副產物A 1 H a 1 3毒化分離劑。 至於製備鹼金屬鹵鋁酸鹽,揭示相對應的鋁鹵化物及 驗金屬鹵化物在密封管中反應(Friedmann, Taube,J. Am. Chem. Socu,72, 2236-2243 ( 1 950)),在此方法中,觀察到 壓力增加至6 — 7大氣壓,並導致問題( F R 2 1 6 8 9 1 2 ),設備必須配備適當的安全注意 〇 迄今揭示供製備鹽熔化物之方法都是批次操作,與連 續製備方法比較,批次步驟有部份嚴重的缺點,在批次更 換中,必須打開設備,於是產物會受到環境空氣中的氧、 水及灰塵污染,批次更換導致工廠之停台時間且因此導致 降低空時收率,有效的非連續方法需要有大型的設備,啓 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) -5 - (請先閱護背面之注意事項^^寫本頁) 裝 訂· · 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 476734
五、發明説明(3) (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 動過程需要相當多的能源及時間,經發現特別是在工廠之 啓動時,雜質可摻混至製程中,F R 2 1 6 8 9 1 2揭 示鹼金屬鹵鋁酸鹽之一種複雜的純化方法,2段式純化方 法包括氧處理以降解有機雜質及鋁處理以沈澱鐵及重金屬 ί呂處理必須在氮或氬氣壓下進行。 本發明之目的是提供一種連續的方法供製備純的鹽熔 化物,其可排除環境之不利效應、能源要求降至最低及促 進最佳化的空時收率,另一個巨的是在最短可能的時間內 製備大量的鹽熔化物。 如本發明之目的是經由製備通式(I )之鹽熔化物及 其混合物之方法達成, M D H a 1 ( I ) 其中 M 爲 Li、Na、K、Rb 或 Cs, 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 D 爲 Al、Ga、 In 或 T1 ,且 H a 1 爲 F、C 1、B r 或 I。 其特徵是將起始物質之金屬鹵化物及鹼金屬鹵化物連 續或如果需要時非連續地進料至配備強制輸送的可加熱擠 壓機內,熔化.並進行反應,且隨後使反應產物通過含鹼金 屬鹽之塔或柱。 此方法之產物合適在電化學電池中作爲熔化的電解質 使用,在熱貯存槽中作爲儲存介質使用,例如在加熱池中作 本纸張尺度適用中.國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐). 476734 A7 B7 五、發明說明(4 ) 爲熱傳導劑,供覆蓋及純化熔化的金屬,供電塗高熔點的 物質或在可再充電的鈉電池及初級電池中作爲熔化的電解 質。 意外地,經發現起始物質可經电擠壓攒操作,經由適 當選擇原料及滯留時間,可以防止擔心產物經由摩擦造成 之污染。 經發現在擠壓機內藉由幫浦之強制輸送可在此方法中 省略,此可大幅減少方法之可能錯誤。 適合熟諳此藝者的任何擠壓機都可在此方法中使用, 特別合適的擠壓機爲單螺桿擠壓機、配備同向旋轉及逆向 旋轉的多螺桿擠壓機、通氣擠壓機、行星式齒輪擠壓機、 柱塞式擠壓機及盤式擠壓機,至於在擠壓機內處理鹽類, 使用物質之硬度及其化學性質代表迄今阻礙施行之特殊問 題,通常擠壓機是由鋼製成,此種物質在處理鹽的過程中 會經由腐蝕及摩擦而嚴重受損。 經發現主要成份爲鎳合金製成之擠壓邏可大幅減少腐 蝕,還發現擠壓機與鹽類或其熔化物接觸的金屬部份可用 熟諳此藝者已知的物質之表面塗膜保護防止腐蝕及摩擦損 壞,例如P T F E / P F A、琺瑯或陶瓷物質,爲了減少 摩擦,在螺桿頭可裝置額外的軸承。 意外地,經發現裝置逆向流動的螺桿元件,擠壓機內 的物質可在數秒的非常短的平均駐留時間內得到完全熔化 及均勻的產物。 擠壓機內的反應可在大氣氧存在下,或如果需要時在 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) f靖先閱讀_背面之注意事項再填寫本頁> r'裝 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 476734
五、發明説明(5) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 保護氣壓下(例如氮、C〇2或稀有氣體),在減壓、大氣 壓力或甚至在超大氣壓力下,在從5 0°C至8 0 0°C (大 氣壓力)之溫度下進行,當在超大氣壓力或減壓下進行時 ,鹽類的熔點相對應偏離且擠壓機的加熱步驟須相對應地 修改。 必須在低於起始物質之昇華溫度下進行操作,反應較 宜在高溫下進行,因爲在此情形下,鹽類的溶解度明顯較 佳。 在擠壓機內處理鹽類時,在加熱階段中溫度之特定選 擇,可使在方法中設定最佳的溫度程式。 爲了進行此方法,使用的鹵化鋁爲氟、氯、溴或碘化 鋁或其混合物,合適的鹼金屬鹽類爲氟、氯、溴或碘化鋰 、鈉、鉀、鉚或鉋或其混合物。 下文更詳細說明本發明之一般實例並顯示在圖式中。 圖示簡要說明 圖1顯示配備固體計量裝置2及洩料柱或塔3之可加 熱的擠壓機1 〇 圖示元件符號對照 1 可加.熱的擠壓機 2 固體計量裝置 3 洩料柱或塔 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -裝· 、11 .1^ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(€奶)八4規格(210父297公釐)· 476734 — A7 B7 五、發明説明(6) (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 爲了製備吻合式(I )之鹽類及其混合物,起始物質 可分別經由固體計量裝置2進料至濟壓機,起始物質也可 在相同比例下預先混合後經由單一的計量裝置進料,擠壓 機也可在惰性氣體下進料,配備強制輸送的擠壓機在螺桿 速度爲1 r pm至7 5 r pm下將鹽床向前推進至螺桿通 道,螺桿幾何之1 / d比例可爲3至2 5,在套管1之加 熱區內,可設定不同的起始物質及最終產物之熔點,在最 後四分之一,可以使用造成逆混合之螺桿元件,此可增加 在此區域之滯留時間,使尙未熔化的鹽類與液體溶化物混 合。 將經由此方法製備之低黏性熔化物進料至含相對應的 鹼金屬鹽之柱或塔3,使熔化物通過鹼金屬鹽,以便使殘 留量之尙未反應的金屬鹵化物反應。 可利用擠壓機產生的輸送壓力將熔化物輸送至及通過 塔或柱。 提供下列實例是爲了更進一步說明本發明,且不合適 將本發明限制在本文揭示的特例中。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 實例 實例1 : 製備 N a A 1 . C 1 4 : 爲了製備1公斤/小時之N a A 1 C 1 4,將 3 7 3. · 8克/小時之N a C . 1經由固體計量裝置進料至 擠壓機並將6 2 6 · 2克/小時之A 1 C 1 3經由另一個固 -9 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) 476734 雜8· p '一 A7 ' 一一B7 五、發明説明(7) 體計量裝置進料至擠壓機,配備強制輸送之雙螺桿濟壓機 螺桿將此鹽床在螺桿速度爲2 5 r p m下將鹽床向前推進 至螺桿通道,可以調整套管之不同加熱區域,使鹽從進料 開口至洩料區域的伸展過程中達到鹽的熔化溫度,在 N a A 1 C 1 4的製備中,床的溫度設定在1 8 2 °C,最後 四分之一含逆向輸送方向之螺桿元件,因此增加混合物在 此區域之駐留時間,尙未熔化的鹽類與液體熔化物混合, 以便促進較佳的熱傳導。 形成的低黏性熔化物經由管道輸送至含氯化鈉顆粒床 之塔,在塔內將尙未反應的A 1 C 1 3殘留物轉化成 N a A 1 C 1 4,擠壓機之輸送壓力足夠將熔化物輸送至及 通過塔而不需要額外的幫浦裝置。 —-------^ 裝-- (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210、/297公釐.) ..
Claims (1)
- 476734 六、申請專利範圍 附二a件: 第8 8 1 2 1 5 96號專利申請案 中文申請專利範圍修正本 民國90年8月修正 1 · 一種製備通式(I )之鹽熔化物及其混合物之方 法, M D H a 1 ( I ) 其中 M 爲 Li、Na、K、Rb或Cs, D 爲 Al、Ga、 In 或 Tl,且 Hal 爲 F、Cl、Br 或 I , 其特徵是將起始物質之金屬鹵化物及鹼金屬鹵化物經 由固體計量裝置連續或如果需要時非連續地進料至配備強 制輸送的可加熱擠壓機(1 )內,熔化並進行反應,且隨 後使反應產物通過含鹼金屬鹽之塔或柱(3)。 2 ·姐申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中起始物質是 在5 0 °C至8 0 0 t之溫度及在配備強制輸送的可加熱擠 壓機(1 )內熔化並進行反應。 3 ·如申請專利範圍第1或2項之方法,其中反應是 在減壓、大氣壓力或超大氣壓力下,及在大氣中的氧的存 在下或如果需要時在保護性氣體氣氛下進行。 4 ·如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中是鹽床是在 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐)-1 - 裝 訂 (請*:閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 476734 A8 B8 C8 D8 六、申請專利範圍 (請先閱讀势面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 擠壓機內處理,與鹽或其熔化物接觸之擠壓機零件是由 Ni合金或塗上PTFE/PFA、琺瑯或陶瓷物質之金 屬製成,且擠壓機的螺桿通道之1 / d比例爲3至2 5, 螺桿速度爲1 r pm至7 5 r pm。 5 .如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中所得的通式 (I )之鹽類是在電化學電池及電池中作爲熔化物電解質 使用。 6 ·如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中所得的通式 (I )之鹽類是在可再充電的鈉電池及初級電池中作爲熔 化物電解質使用。 7 ·如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中所得的通式 (I)之鹽類是在熱貯存槽中作爲儲存介質使用。 8 ·如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中所得的通式 (I)之鹽類是作爲熱傳導劑使用。 9 ·如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中所得的通式 (I)之鹽類是作爲覆蓋及純化金屬使用。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 1 0 ·如申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中所得的通 式(I)之鹽類是作爲電塗高熔點物質使用。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X 297公釐)_ 2
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ES365009A1 (es) | 1968-03-21 | 1971-01-16 | Alloys And Chemical Corp | Un procedimiento para eliminar las impurezas del aluminio. |
US4141960A (en) * | 1968-09-03 | 1979-02-27 | Exxon Research & Engineering Co. | Complex bimetallic salts |
FR2168912A1 (en) | 1972-01-26 | 1973-09-07 | Rhone Poulenc Sa | Alkali haloaluminates prepn - prod used in metal sulphides and sulphoselenides prodn |
US3761578A (en) | 1972-03-09 | 1973-09-25 | S Anderson | Method of preparing purified lithium aluminum chloride |
CA1149865A (en) | 1979-08-22 | 1983-07-12 | Margaretha J. Nolte | Electrolyte for an electrochemical cell, and an electrochemical cell including the electrolyte |
DE3116469A1 (de) * | 1981-04-25 | 1982-11-11 | Kali-Chemie Ag, 3000 Hannover | Verfahren zur herstellung von kaliumtetrafluoroaluminat |
GB8613798D0 (en) | 1986-06-06 | 1986-07-09 | Lilliwyte Sa | Electrolyte |
US5242669A (en) * | 1992-07-09 | 1993-09-07 | The S. A. Day Mfg. Co., Inc. | High purity potassium tetrafluoroaluminate and method of making same |
CZ291829B6 (cs) * | 1995-01-24 | 2003-06-18 | Solvay Fluor Und Derivate Gmbh | Způsob tvrdého pájení kovových materiálů, tavidlo k pájení kovových materiálů a způsob jeho přípravy |
-
1998
- 1998-12-15 DE DE19857788A patent/DE19857788A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1999
- 1999-12-03 CN CNB998145750A patent/CN1176850C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-12-03 BR BR9916196-6A patent/BR9916196A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-12-03 US US09/857,602 patent/US6767665B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-12-03 DE DE59912078T patent/DE59912078D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-12-03 EP EP99963385A patent/EP1152982B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-12-03 KR KR1020017007457A patent/KR100569499B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-12-03 CA CA002355174A patent/CA2355174A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-12-03 WO PCT/EP1999/009485 patent/WO2000035809A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1999-12-03 JP JP2000588079A patent/JP2002532370A/ja active Pending
- 1999-12-03 AU AU19703/00A patent/AU1970300A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1999-12-03 AT AT99963385T patent/ATE295828T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-12-09 TW TW088121596A patent/TW476734B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-12-09 MY MYPI99005355A patent/MY130818A/en unknown
-
2001
- 2001-06-14 MX MXPA01006056 patent/MX234882B/es not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE295828T1 (de) | 2005-06-15 |
JP2002532370A (ja) | 2002-10-02 |
DE19857788A1 (de) | 2000-06-21 |
BR9916196A (pt) | 2001-09-04 |
KR100569499B1 (ko) | 2006-04-07 |
DE59912078D1 (de) | 2005-06-23 |
MY130818A (en) | 2007-07-31 |
KR20010101222A (ko) | 2001-11-14 |
AU1970300A (en) | 2000-07-03 |
MXPA01006056A (es) | 2001-11-01 |
MX234882B (en) | 2006-03-15 |
CN1176850C (zh) | 2004-11-24 |
EP1152982A1 (de) | 2001-11-14 |
EP1152982B1 (de) | 2005-05-18 |
US6767665B1 (en) | 2004-07-27 |
CA2355174A1 (en) | 2000-06-22 |
WO2000035809A1 (de) | 2000-06-22 |
CN1330613A (zh) | 2002-01-09 |
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