TW446635B - Flame retardant EMI shielding materials and method of manufacture - Google Patents

Flame retardant EMI shielding materials and method of manufacture Download PDF

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TW446635B
TW446635B TW088102948A TW88102948A TW446635B TW 446635 B TW446635 B TW 446635B TW 088102948 A TW088102948 A TW 088102948A TW 88102948 A TW88102948 A TW 88102948A TW 446635 B TW446635 B TW 446635B
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Michael H Bunyan
William I Flanders
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Parker Hannifin Corp
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K9/00Screening of apparatus or components against electric or magnetic fields
    • H05K9/0007Casings
    • H05K9/0015Gaskets or seals
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/21Circular sheet or circular blank
    • Y10T428/215Seal, gasket, or packing
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y10T428/249953Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24996With internal element bridging layers, nonplanar interface between layers, or intermediate layer of commingled adjacent foam layers
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10T428/249967Inorganic matrix in void-containing component
    • Y10T428/24997Of metal-containing material
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    • Y10T428/249971Preformed hollow element-containing
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Shielding Devices Or Components To Electric Or Magnetic Fields (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Description

446635 五、發明說明(1) —-- 發明背署 本發明廣泛地關於在電磁干擾(EMI)遮蔽作用中使 阻燃性導電物質及其製法’更特定言《,係關於 之 性塗覆層之導電性織物,該塗覆係為了在EMI遮蔽襯墊“,、 使用作為被覆物,而施用於織物之—表面上。 包括電視、收音機、電腦、醫事器材、事務機器、、雨 設備及其類似物等電子設備之操作皆伴隨著設備^電^ = 路内的電磁輻射之產生》此種輻射經常係以在電磁光Z 無線電頻率帶内(即,在約10千赫茲(KHz)和10十億赫茲 (GHz)之間)之場或瞬變物發展’並以已知會干擾其他鄰近 電子設備之操作的用語"電磁干擾”或” EMI"來稱呼。 、 為減弱EMI影響,所以可使用具有吸收及/或反射EMI能 之能力的遮蔽物’以使ΕΜί能限定在來源裝置之内,並且 使該裝置或其他"目標"裝置與其他來源裝置隔離。此種遮 蔽物係提供作為一種插在來源和其他裝置間之障壁,且通 常建構成一種包圍著裝置之導電和接地外罩。由於裝置之 電氣回路通常必須保持易於提供服務或其類似作用,所以 大多數外罩備有可打開或可除去之接近口,例如,門、艙 口、喪板或蓋子。但是,正好在這些接近口之最平坦部分j $其相應遮蓋或密接表面之間’可能存在有間隙,因輻射 能可經由其茂漏或以別的方式穿入或穿出裝置之開口存 在’所以其使遮蔽物效率減少。此外,此種間隙表示外罩 或其他遮蔽物之表面和大地導電率中之不連續性,且甚至 可藉由槽形天線形狀之作用,而產生第二EMI輻射來源。
4 4 6 6 3 5 五、發明說明(2) 關於此點,外罩内誘發之體積或表面電流發展出在外罩中 橫過任何界面間隙之電壓梯度’因此該間隙有作為放射 EMI雜音之天線的作用。一般,雜音之振幅與間隙長度成 比例,同時,間隙之寬度有較少可感知影響。 對填塞外罩和其他EMI遮蔽構造物之舖墊表面内間隙而 & ’襯塾和其他趙封物曾為了維持橫過構造物之電連續 性,並且為了將濕氣和灰塵等污染物排除於裝置内部之外 而提出。此種密封物係黏著或機械貼附於,或者壓入舖塾 表面之一,並有封閉任何界面間隙之作用,以藉由在施用 之壓力下’順應表面間凹凸,而建立橫過該處之連續性導^ 電通道。因此’打算供Ε ΜI遮蔽應用使用之密封物特定為 具有下列結構:不僅即使在壓縮下時,仍提供表面導電 率’而且亦有使密封物順應間隙大小之彈性。密封物另外 必須有抗磨耗性(為製造之經濟)和忍受重複壓縮和鬆弛循 環之能力。至於ΕΜΙ遮蔽襯墊規格之進一步資訊,可參考 謝佛瑞生,J.之"阻隔ΕΜΙ之襯墊"("Gaskets That Block EMI"),機械設計(Machine Design),47 冊,19 號,74-77 頁(1975 , 8 月7 曰)。 典型EMI遮蔽應用之要求經常指定一種低阻抗、低剖面 ^ 襯整’其在標準終止力負荷下係可歪斜的C·其他要求包括 低成本和一種設計,其為裝置之適當操作和符合美國商業 聯邦通信委員會(Federal Communication Commission)(FCC)EMC規則二者,而提供EMI遮蔽效力。 同樣需要非常低終止力,即,低於約1碎/英寸(〇· 175牛
446635 五、發明說明(3) 頓/笔米)之特別經濟槪墊結構係由派克__漢尼芬公司 (Parker-Hannii in Corp.)之寇来瑞克部門(Ch〇merics Division),沃伯(Woburn),ΜΑ以商品名"軟盾® 500 0系列 11 ("Soft-ShieIc0 50 00 Series")上市。此種結構係由導 電套管或護套組成,此套管或護套係"香煙似"地縱向包裹 著聚胺基甲酸乙酯或其他發泡物核心。如在美國專利字號 4, 8 71,4 7 7中說明之’聚胺基曱酸乙醋發泡物通常係,藉 由有發泡劑存在之聚異氰酸鹽和經基官能多元醇之反應, 來製造。發泡劑引起聚合物構造進入多數開孔或閉孔之膨 脹作用。 所提供之套管係切割時會自我束口之高導電性(即,约1 歐姆-單位面積(Ω-sq))鑛鎳銀編織止裂之尼龍。有利 地’套管可在連續模製方法中黏著於核心,在該方法中, 當套管環繞膨脹之發泡物包裹時,發泡物在套管之内吹脹 或膨脹’然後發泡物和套管穿過鑄模並進入移動之造形。 類似襯墊結構示於共同指派之美國專利字號5, 0 28, 739中 以及美國專利字號4, 857, 668 ; 5, 054, 635 ; 5, 1 0 5, 056 ; 和5, 202,536 中。 許多電子裝置(包括PC和通信設備)必須不僅符合某些 d FCC要求,並且亦必須面臨在某些阻燃性承受人實驗室 (UL)標準之下被認可。關於這點,如果電子裝置内的每一 種個別組份皆係UL認可,則裝置本身不須個別認可。因 此’確定每一組份之UL認可減少製造商之承諾成本,且最 後可為消費者生產較便宜商品。但是,對EMI遮蔽襯墊而
O:\57\57282.PTD 第 8 頁 446 6 3 5 五、發明說明(4) 言,此種襯墊必須被製成阻燃性,即,在UL Std. No. 9 4,π裝置和器具内零件的塑膠物質之可燃性試驗 "("Tests for Flammability of Plastic Materials for Parts in Devices and Appliances")(1991)之下,達到 V - 0之等級’而不會傷害符合腿I遮蔽要求所必須之導電 性。 關於這點’並特別係與前述在發泡物種類上之織物之 EMI遮蔽襯墊有關’長期以來皆瞭解,發泡聚合物質係可 燃’並且在某些環境下’可存在有著火之危險。由於其之^ 蜂窩狀構造、高有機含量和表面積,所以在曝露於火或高-溫下時’大多數發泡物質容易相當快速分解。 一種將阻燃性給予在發泡物上之織物襯墊之途徑係使用 被覆物作為發泡物之抗燃保護層。確實,v-o等級承諾大 致曾籍由將在導電性鍛N i / C u織物内之發泡物被覆而達 成’在鍵N i / Cu織物上有一層熱塑性薄片係熱捏夾或用其 他方法熔融黏著於其内侧。可在一或多篇美國專利字號 4, 489’ 126 ;4, 531,994 ;4, 608, 104 ;及/ 或4, 621,013 中 進一步說明之此種織物,已由孟山多公司(M〇nsant〇 Co.),聖路易斯(St. Louis),以商品名”佛雷壯②Ni/Cu Q 聚酯塔夫塔VO" ( " F 1 ectron Ni/Cu Polyester Taffeta VO")上市。 如在美國專利字號4, 8 57, 668中詳述,其他在發泡物上 之織物襯墊併有施用於被覆之内表面上之補充層或塗覆 物。此種塗覆物可為阻燃性胺基甲酸乙酯配方,其亦促進
4 46635 五、發明說明(5) 被覆對發泡物之黏著性。涂遝& w ,, 物之流出減少,該产出另外2外可有使發泡物透過織 这々_L出另外會傷害被覆之導電性。 =前述’應瞭解’於阻燃性、發泡物上 以及為此之被覆物質中,進一步改良將被電子遮工 要的係達到卜〇之關等級的阻燃 發明槪.祕 物一種導電阻燃性物質及其製法,此阻燃性 用織咖遮蔽襯塾中使用。在具有施 # m ^ ^ 電性織物之一面的阻燃性塗覆層中,當 Γ質塾結構中之套管時,本發明之 , 0保護。當阻燃性層可濕式塗覆在織物 -相者1知之透出_,可有利地在-織物面提供 傷宝il/ 2~4密耳(0.05-0.10毫米))塗覆層,而不會 但;:薄:Jif導電·。雖然足以提供UL94 V-0保護, 雜外來戎降s的乃保持織物之覆蓋力,並因此幫助具有複 塾。’ '、毫米之窄橫截面之結構符合UL94 V-0襯 質ί ί ί ί 5實施例中,本發明之阻燃性導tEMI遮蔽物 之11又I、3銀編織尼龍、聚酯、或類似織物,於此織物 樹脂組合物。根據:=性丙烯酸乳勝乳液或其他流動性 動力學壓力被控Ϊ 之方法規則’乳液之黏度和流體 透出'織物之未塗覆面以致/覆物不會廢透或以其他方法" 1禝面。因此,在EMI遮蔽應用中,織物之
O:\57\57282.PTD 第10頁 ^46635
相對面之表面導電率未被傷害。 钟明質可使用作為發泡物上之織物MI遮蔽襯塾 使用。S ,並特別適於在此種襯墊之連續模製方法中 ^ , 該方法内使用時,織物可以具有塗覆過面之套 環繞著發泡物包裹"匕塗覆過面係以内表面形式, =4泡物置放,而未塗覆面係以導電外表面形式置放。 ΪI之内表面上之塗覆物有利地堵塞織物之細孔,以使發 /留在其内,不會滲出或透出外表面。在係由丙烯酸物 買形成中,並另外依發泡物之組合物而定,套管之塗覆過 内表面可有作為促進發泡物對織物之黏著的可相容或"連 結”插入層之作用。 因此,本發明包含於後列詳細說明中要例示之持有結構 之物質和方法、構件之合併及部份和步驟之安排。本發明 之優點包括阻燃但可覆蓋之EMI遮蔽織物。其他優點包括 經濟的阻燃性EM I遮蔽織物結構,其中相當薄之阻燃性蜜 覆層可濕式塗覆在導電性編織或其他通常係多孔Ε μ I遮蔽 織物之一面上’而不會傷害織物之其他面的導電率。以含 在本文中之揭示為基準,對熟諳此藝者而言,這些和其他 優點將完全明白。 1步之簡短銳昍 為本發明之本性和主旨之更完整理解,應要與所附之圖 示一起參考下列詳細說明,在圖示之中: 圖1係根據本發明之Ε Μ I遮蔽物質之一具體實施例之透視 圖’該物質包括在其一個面上塗覆有阻燃性組合物層之通
O:\57\57282.PTD 第11頁 446635 五、發明說明(7) 常係平面織物構件,為更佳顯現物質之構造,圖係以部份 拆毀來顯示; 圖2係圖1之EMI遮蔽物質之放大橫截面圖,其係取自以 圖1之線2-2表示之平面; 圖3係圖1之物質之頂視圖’其被放大,以顯示其織物構 件之構造; 圖4係根據本發明之代表性⑽I遮蔽襯墊構造之縱長之透 視橫截面圖,其包括由圖丨之腦!遮蔽物質形成之套管; 圖5係圖4之襯墊之末端圖,其被放大,以顯示其之構 造;和 圖6係適於在圖1之e Μ I遮蔽物質之製造中使用之例舉性 重力飯入、滾筒上之刀式塗料器示意、部份橫截面圖。 圖示將與後列的發明之詳細說明一起進一步說明。 發明之詳細說明 在後列說明中可為了方便而非任何限制性目的,使用某 些術語。例如,”上面"和"下面”係指作為參考之圖示中的 方向,同時’用S吾"裡面"和"内部"和"外面"或"外部"個別 係指朝向或離開參考要素之中心的方向,而用語"放射狀" 或"軸狀"個別係指與參考要素之縱向中心軸垂直或平行之j 方向。除前文明確提出之用語以外,類似之重要術語同樣 認為係為了方便之目的使用’而沒有任何限制意味。 為了後列揭示之例舉說明目的,本文含有之電磁干擾 (EMI)遮蔽物質係與其之作為發泡物核心之阻烬性導電套 管之用途一起說明,因為EMI遮蔽襯墊可適於納入界面之
O:\57\57282.PTD 第12頁 446 635 五、發明說明(8) '^-η 間,例如,在電磁干擾(Ε ΜI )遮蔽構造物之門、嵌板、驗 口、覆蓋或其他分離線之間。EM I遮蔽構造物可為電腦、 通信設備、或其他產生ΕΜΙ輻射線或受其影響之電子较置 或設備之導體外罩。襯墊可黏著或固定於,或者壓置入 定外罩内界面之一對舖墊表面之一’且有在舖墊表面之間 密封任何界面間隙或其他凹凸之作用。即,雖然在施用麼 力下’襯塑1仍有彈性順應任何此種凹凸,以建立橫過界 之連續導電通道’並且環繞密封外罩之内部,以防灰塵 濕氣或其他污染物之進入。但是應瞭解,本發明之主匕 在其他ΕΜΙ遮蔽應用中發現有用性。因此,在那些其他應Τ 0 用内之用途應被認為清楚地係在本發明之範_内。 ’ 接著參考圖示’其中在數個圖示之中,相應參考符號係 用於表示相應要素,根據本發明之阻燃性Ε ΜI遮蔽物質通“ 常在圖1中係以1 〇表示,其通常適合使用作為發泡物核= 概塾結構中之套管。為例舉說明之目的,物質薄片丨〇顯^示 具有不定尺寸,其可切割成想要之特殊應用之大小。在$ 本結構中,物質丨〇包含通常係平坦和多孔之上層織物構土 件’ 1 2,和阻燃性下層塗覆物構件,u。 構件有至少一個導電性第一面,16,和導電或 電十第一面,18,它們界定可從約2_4 〇5 $ 幻變化之厚度尺寸,其在圖2之橫截面圖中以"?_表^毫 至於,電性其意味織物可被給予傳導性,即,約〇 1 早位面積(Q/sq)或更低之表面電阻率,因為其 導電性電線、嚴输絲 I, , 、糸由 早纖絲、紗線或其他織物所構成’或者另可
446635 五、發明說明(9) ----- 選用地,由於將一種處理作用(例如,電鍍或喷 非傳導性織物上,以在其上提供導電性層。較佳導^至 物包含莫涅耳(Mon el)鎳-銅合金、鍍銀銅、鍍過鎳之=織 費瑞克(Ferrex^鍍錫之鍍過銅之鋼、鋁、鍍過锡之=、 磷青銅、碳、石墨和傳導性聚合物。較佳非傳導性 ^、 含棉、毛、絲、纖維素、聚酯、聚醯胺、尼龍和聚醯= 單纖絲或紗線,其係因銅、鎳、銀、鏟鎳銀、鋁或其人 之金屬電鍍作用,而被給予導電性。如已知,金屬電二 用可個別施用於纖維束或經過編、織或其他製造作用^ 織物表面上。 &之 雖然發現織物(例如,線網、編織物和不織布)和織品皆 可應用,但構份1 2之較佳織物結構為平織尼龍或聚酯布, 其係以在銅電鍍物之上的約2〇-4 Q重量%(以總織物重量為 基準)’即0.0 1-0.10克/英寸2 ’間銀、鎳-銀或銀-鎳,來 產生導電性。如能由在圖3中以20表示之圖1之放大圖中看 出’此種布係可穿透的’其具有帶有孔隙或開口之通常係 正方形之平編織圖形,其中之一以2 2表示之孔隙或開口被 定義在以2 4概要表示之纖維間。纖維2 4可為絲線、單纖絲 或’較佳係具有約1 〇 - 2 〇根纖絲或線絲之捆束,每一纖絲 或線絲之直徑皆在約1 〇 _ 5 0微米之間。例如,以每一皆係 具有每英寸約1 0 0 〇 - 3 0 0 0根線絲和每英寸約1 〇 〇 〇 - 1 5 0 0編織 數之此種線絲束的纖維2 4,每英寸1 0 0 0 - 2 0 0 0個開口將可 以約0. 5-2密耳(12· 5-50微米)間中間平均孔隙大小來定 義。
446635 五'發明說明(ίο) r 雖:正方形平:圖形(例如,塔夫塔、皺綱或❿― 被遇為較佳,但其他編織法(例如,鍛子、斜紋織品、及 其類似物)亦應認為在含於本文之發明範嘴内。特別佳的 織物構们2之布係4密耳(0.10毫來)厚、18盘司⑷重鑛 銀編織尼龍,其係由史威福織品金屬化公司(Swift Textile Metalizing Corp.),布魯菲爾得 (BloomfieU),CT,以名稱"31 映瑞斯竇普"("3ien RiPSTOP"商業上市。但是,依特殊遮蔽應用之需要而定, 另可選用地可使用由傳導或非傳導性織物之合併或推合構 成之織物。由傳導性纖維或由傳導性和非傳導性纖維之摻 合物織成、編成或彎曲編織成之織物之實例說明於葛雷德 菲爾特(Gladfelter)之美國專利字號4,684,762和布那儂 〇11〇1131111〇)之美國專利字號4,85 7,6 68。 回到圖1和2,塗覆物構件14較佳係由阻燃性流動樹脂或 其他組合物之可熟化層形成,其係濕式塗覆在織物構件12 之第二面18上。如將在後文令詳細說明,樹脂组合物之黏 度和流動壓力係根據本發明之規定控制,以 透限定在較織物構件12之厚度尺寸t“、之深度(二,中之;; d表不)。關於這點,當該層在織物構件2 2之第二面1 8上 熟化形成阻燃性表面塗覆層構件丨4時,其之第—面丨6仍有 ,電性。在較佳結構中,該層係塗覆至約丨〇密耳(〇 · 2 5毫 米)之濕厚度,然後接著熟化至深度廿為约卜2密耳(〇 〇25_ 0. 05毫米)的約2_4密耳(〇_ 〇5_0. 1〇毫米)間之乾塗覆層或 膜厚(在圖2中以乜表示)。最後,觀察到以"τ „表示之總物
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O:\57\57282.PTD 446635 五、發明說明(π) - 質厚度在約6-7密耳(〇·15_〇.2〇毫米)間,而挖出物之乾重 量在約1 00-1 50克/瓣間。至於"熟化",其意味樹脂被聚 合、交聯、進一步交聯或聚合、硫化、硬化、乾燥、揮發 或別種由液態或其他流動形態變成固態聚合或彈性相的^ 學或物理變化。 阻燃性組合物較佳係調配成丙烯酸乳膠乳液之水乳液, 其在每加侖約10磅(1. 8克/公分2)之密度下,調整至約60% 總固體含量和約40, 〇〇〇_6〇, 〇〇〇厘泊間之布魯克菲爾得 (Brook f 1 e 1 d )黏度(# 5紡錘,4速)。阻燃性可藉由將約 30-50重量%間之一種或多種習用阻燃性添加物至乳液甲而 被給予,此添加物係,例如,氮氧化鋁、三氧化銻、磷酸 酯或鹵化化合物,例如,多溴化苯醚。較佳配方係約25重 量%十溴化苯醚和約1 5重量% 一或多種銻化合物之混合物, 以乳液之總重為基準。操作中,丙烯酸載體相應加熱至極 點,#化化合物和金屬氧化物化合物之分解作用有化學奪 去足以維持燃燒作用之氧火焰之作用β丙烯酸相之分解作 用另外可導致保護性,即’絕熱性或耐火性外碳層之產 較佳阻燃性丙烯酸乳膠乳液係由哈維特克斯公司 (Heveatex C0rp·),佛河(FaU River) ° "4129FR"商業上市β乳液之點谇矸佶田人/ · 乂石稱 或其他丙烯酸增稠劑調整至約4〇,〇〇〇刊〇,〇〇〇厘泊間。關 y =加之黏度幫助界疋塗覆層進入織物構件之 ^ 旦疋,由於此相當高黏度可導致不想要之乾膜
¢46 63 5 五、發明說明(12) 内孔隙度,所以另外可以高達約1重量% —或多種商業表面 活化劑改良乳液,以減少塗覆層内空氣截留和氣泡形成作 用,該表面活化劑為,例如,威可化學公司(ffitco
Chemical Corp.)(芝加哥(Chicago) ’IL)之"氣泡毀滅者 "("Bubble Breaker")和戴蒙山姆洛克公司(Diamond
Shamrock, Inc.)(聖安東尼奥(San Antonio),TX)之"泡 沐主人防珠劑"(” F 〇 a m M a s t e r A n t i f 〇 a m" ) 6 如前述,本發明之EM I遮蔽物質1 〇特別適合使用作為阻
C 燃性導電套管,其係在EM ];遮蔽襯墊結構(例如,圖4之襯 墊5 0)中之發泡物核心上被提供。在代表性具體實施例 中,襯墊50包含細長有彈力之發泡物核心構件,52,苴可 度:心構件52有界定襯塾50之橫截面圖开;之 外周圍表面,54,1如血μ „ ^ 常係多邊形,即,正方目的,該橫截剖面具有通 形,例如,圓形、半長方形幾何學。其他平面圖 代,但是,要依被#4+ ^或橢圓形,或者複合圖形可取 可具有任何半徑或界面的幾何學而定。肖心構件12 大小或寬度將從約〇 2 ς】仁對大夕數應用而言,直徑 分)。 5央寸(〇.以公分^至]英寸(2,54公 對給予間隙填塞能力 範圍溫度之抱怨,和為。,核心構件52較佳係為了對大 停留之後,顯示良好壓^使在重複循環或長時間壓縮性 核心構件52可由發泡彈輕弛磁滯現象而提供。因此, 括,例如,聚乙烯、聚,“、、塑塑料形成,此熱塑塑料包 Α 烯、聚丙烯-EPDM糁合物、丁二
O:\57\57282. PTD 446635 五、發明說明(13) " ---:-- 烯:苯乙烯-丁二烯、腈、氣磺酸鹽、或者發泡氯丁二烯 橡膠、胺基甲酸乙酯或矽輞。結構之較佳物質包括開口或 閉路電池胺基曱酸乙酯或摻合物,例如,聚烯烴樹脂/單 :烴共聚物摻合物’或氯丁二烯橡膠、矽酮或腈海棉狀橡 皮。 核心構件5 2可以擠壓或模製發泡物外形提供,在其上, 遮蔽物扪0係以被覆之形式包裹,同時被覆之邊緣係如56 所表不般重疊。在較佳結構中,遮蔽物質丨〇係在連續模製
ί ί 1 ’與核心構件52黏著,於該方法中,發泡物係在遮 一 之内吹脹或膨脹。如最佳能以參考在圖5中以6 0表L 之产大圖而可看出,在此結構中,塗覆物構件W 係作為遮蔽構件1〇之内表面,62,而鄰近核心構件52置 放,同時,織物構件丨2之未塗覆面16係作為襯墊5〇之導電 性外表面,64,而相對地置放。應瞭解,塗覆過内表面62 阻塞織物之織物構件12之孔隙22C圖3),以將吹脹之發泡 物保留在其内,而不會滲透或透出外襯墊表面。依發泡 物或塗覆物之個別組合物而定,内表面6 2可另外有作為促 進發泡物對織物之黏著性的可相容或"束缚"中間層。襯墊 :構5 0有利地係提供可在非常低封閉力(即,低於約1崎/ 央寸(0.175牛頓/毫米應用中使用之構造物。 再度參考圖4,為了襯墊對基質之貼附作用,黏著性 層,70 ’可沿著襯墊50之縱向方向,在外表面64之内側施 用、此層70較佳係調配成具有壓感性黏著物(pS A)種類。 如美國專利字號4, 988,5 50中說明,適合EMI遮蔽應用之
O:\57\57282.PTD 第18頁 446635 五、發明說明(14) ' PSA包括以下列各物為主之配方··矽酮、氯丁二烯橡膠、 苯乙烯丁二烯共聚物、丙稀酸、丙烯酸鹽、聚乙烯醚、聚 醋酸乙烯酯共聚物、聚異丁烯及其混合物、摻合物和共聚
物《但是,對含在本文之型式的EMI應用而言,通常認為A 以丙烯酸為主之配方較佳。雖然對黏著性層7〇而言,pi 較佳,但是其他黏著物(例如,環氧化合物和胺基▼酸乙 酯)可取代,並因此認為係在本發明之範疇内。可熱熔化 之黏著物(例如,熱熔融物和熱塑性膜)另外可發現適用 性。 因此’襯墊50之體積導電率大致係經由其與基質接觸之 表面來決定,為確保最佳EMI遮蔽性能,所以導 係較佳。此種黏著物質慣例係調配成包含約卜25重 導性填料,以給予約0.01-0.001?_公分之體積電阻係數。 填料可以顆粒、纖維、薄片、微球或微氣球等形狀, 且大小範園從約卜1 〇〇微米。典型填料物質包括 性物質,例如’金屬、碳和石墨’或具有傳導性 如,貴金屬及其類似物)電鍍層之非傳導性物質, ί = ΪΪ;=此點,其意味,由於被給予導電性之黏 者物不或為係本發明之重要主旨,所以任何達到續 電率之方法和黏著物皆認為係適當的。 ^ 為保護在襯墊之外表面上 以72表示之剝離薄月可以可 式提供。如黏著物技藝中之 過蠟、矽化過或其他塗覆過 曝露之黏著層7〇之外面部份, 剝離地貼附於曝露黏著物之形 普通常識,剝離薄片72可以塗 紙條或塑膠薄片或其類似物之 4 46635
形式提供’其具有相當低表面能,以便可被除去而不合有 黏著物離開外表面6 4之可感知脫離。 在本發明之EM I遮蔽物質1〇之商業量製造中,黏度調整 過或以其他方法改.良過丙烯酸乳膠乳液或其他樹脂組合物 可藉由直接濕式方法,例如,滾筒上之刀或窄口塑模,而 在織物構件1 2之一個面上塗覆或熟化。不管使用何^方 法’樹脂組合物之流體動力學壓力係根據本發明之規則控 制’以使樹脂之滲透限定至較織物構件之厚度尺寸小之^ 度。例如,並參考圖6,其中代表性重力餵入之滚筒上之 刀式塗覆器頭部係以1 〇〇部份圖示,多孔,即,可透過之 織物構件12係由在夾式滾柱,1〇2,之上的餵入滾筒或其 類似物(未示出)運送,此滾柱丨0 2係以由箭頭丨〇 4表示之方 向旋轉。與承載在滾柱1〇2之織物構件12之第一面16 一 起,織物第二面18穿過塗覆溝槽,1〇8,之以1〇6表示的開 口之下。溝槽1 〇 8係由前板,11 〇,後板,11 2和一斜伽板 (未示出)界定。 以11 4表示之乳液或其他流動性樹脂組合物以泵或其他 方法運送進入溝槽1〇8,其裝填至以h表示之流體高度。由 於既定之流體密度,此高度h被控制’以致織物-液體界面j 上之流體動力學壓力保持在預先設定限制之内。例如,由 於流體密度為每加侖約1 〇磅(1. 8克/公分2),和織物有每 英寸約1 0 0 0 - 2 0 0 〇個開口之孔隙度以及約〇. 5 - 2密耳(1 2 . 5 -5〇微米)間之中間平均孔隙大小,所以流體高度η被控制為 約4英寸(1〇公分),以在織物-液體界面上給予0.05
O:\57\57282.PTD 第20頁 446635 五、發明說明(16) _ PSU0.35二之流體動力學壓力。至於 流體流動壓力可藉由,例如,泵 芏覆方去, 制。 汞迗壓力或其類似物來控. 在例舉說明性滚筒上刀式塗覆 法與織物構件i 2之第二面】8間隔一填預\片=、或^其他方 以,_g"表示之通常為約〗〇密耳(〇 25 此間隙提供 但是其可校準,以調整對織物構件㈣之液體塗覆物声, 122,之厚度。離開滾柱104,塗覆過織物構件^可藉由拉 緊滾筒配備(未示出),而運送穿過線上烤爐或類似物,以 乾燥或閃蒸液體塗覆物層122内之水或其他稀釋液’或者 在於織物構件12之單一面18上發展塗覆物構件14(圖丨)之 沒有扣釘黏著性膜或其他層中,以其他方法使液體塗覆物 層1 2 2熟化。 下列實例係本文所含之發明之施行之例舉說明,但不應 以任何限制性意義來解釋’實例中所有百分比和比例,除 另有說明外,皆係以重量計。 、 實例 根據本發明之代表Ε ΜI遮蔽物質係為了記述特徵而配 製’關於此點’主要一批阻燃性塗覆物組合物係使用丙烯 酸乳膠乳液(哈維特克(H e ν e a t e X ) ” 4 ί 2 9 F R")來化合。以約 5重量%丙烯酸劑增稠劑(艾克瑞梭(AcrysolTM)GS,孟山多 公司(Monsanto Co.),聖路易士(St, Louis),M0)將乳液 之黏度調整至約60, 000厘泊布魯克菲爾德黏度(#4紡錘,
446635 五、發明說明(17) 40速)°改良過乳液之總固體含量為約6〇重量%、密度為每 加命约10镑(18克/公分3),且PH為約7. 5和9.5間。
乳液係使用滾筒上刀式塗覆器(捷特祝7319型(JETZ〇NE
Model 7319) ’倭沃林公司(w〇lverine c〇rp),瑪琳麥克 (Me rri mac),MA)施罔在具有約4密耳(0.1毫米)厚度之鍍 銀尼龍織物(斯威福特(Swift)"31EN瑞普斯竇普(RIPST0P) )之一面。由於塗覆器之塗覆溝槽内之液體高度保持在約 4英寸(1 0公分),所以乳液係以約〇. 〇 5 ps i ( 0. 3 5千帕)之 流體動力學壓力運送至布之表面β塗覆刀在織物之上填塞 約1 0密耳(0. 2 5毫米)間隙,以給予約1 〇密耳之濕式塗覆拉G 出厚度°在以1 〇 〇 - 1 2 5 t:烤爐熟化約5分鐘之後,得到約 2.5密耳(0.635毫米)之乾燥過塗覆物或膜厚,以及約 1 30-145克/碼2之拾取重量和約6_7密耳(〇. 15_〇. 18毫米) 間之總物質厚度。塗覆過織物布之檢查顯示塗覆物滲透深 度為約1-2密耳(0.02-0. 05毫米),其提供可接受之機械保 留及/或塗覆物在織物表面之上之黏著性。可是,觀察到 織物之相對面幾乎完全不含塗覆物,並且保有不影響ΕΜι 遮蔽效力之約〇, 1歐姆/單位面積之表面電阻係數。 以所說明之方法類似塗覆過之織物樣本受到室内垂直火.+ 焰試驗,在2、3或4密耳(〇_〇5、0.08、〇.〇1亳米)之乾燥 ^ 過膜厚下,未觀察到燃燒現象。因此,為了製造過程,建 議合理之膜厚操作窗口。 作為在EMI遮蔽襯墊結構中之聚胺基甲酸乙酯發泡物核 心上之襯塾,樣本亦由承受人實驗室公司(Underwriters
O:\57\57282.PTD 第22頁 446635
五、發明說明(18〉
Laboratories, Inc.),瑪威理(Melville),紐約,赵 供 火焰試驗。在1,0毫米之最小厚度下,指定於UL94下為v
之火焰種類等級。因此,襯墊結構被發現符合可施用+ Τττ , ^ <- UL 需求,並被認可可給予"UL"認證標誌。 前述結果證實,當在發泡物上之織物襯墊結構中使用作 為套管時,本發明之ΕΜΙ遮蔽物質給予UL94 V-0保護。音 外地發現’相當多孔或可透過之織物可以相當薄,即,〜 2-4密耳(〇. 05-0. 1 〇毫米)之阻燃性組合物塗覆層,濕式塗 覆在一個面上,而不會傷害其他面之表面導電率。雖然足广
以在習用發泡物上之織物襯墊結構中,提供UL94 v_〇保 U 護’但是此種薄塗覆層保留織物之覆蓋能力,並因此促進 具有複雜圖形或小至!毫米之窄橫截面的符合UL94 v_0襯 墊之製造。 入^所預期,本發明中可做某些變化,而不會偏離本文所 含蓋之規則,頃意圖,前述說明所包含之所有内容皆應以 ,^說明性而非以限制性意味來解釋。本文所提到之所有 參考文獻皆特別併於本文供參考。

Claims (1)

  1. 446636 六、申請專利範圍 1. 一種製造阻燃性、導電性EM I遮蔽物質之方法, 括: (a) 提供一種大致上平坦之多孔織物構件,其具有至 少一個導電性第一侧面和界定其間之厚度尺寸之第~二側 面; (b) 在預定流體動力學壓力和黏度下,將阻燃性流動 組合物之可熟化層施用到該織物構件之第二侧面之至'、一 部份上; ^ — (C )控制該組合物之流體動力學壓力和黏度,以使該 層進入該織物構件之滲透作用限制至較該織物構件之厚" 尺寸小之深度;和 & (d)使該層熟化,以在該織物構件之第二側面上形 阻燃性塗層構件,於是該織物構件之第一側面保留導電 性。 2. 根據申請專利範圍第i項之方法,其中步驟(b)之阻 性組合物包含阻燃性丙烯酸乳膠乳液。 “,、 3. 根據申請專利範圍第丨項之方法,立中該組合物之 度係於步驟(c)中控制在約4〇,〇〇〇〜6(] 〇〇〇厘泊之間。* 4. 根據申請專利範圍第丨項之方法,中該組合物 體動力學麗力係於步驟(c)中控制在'〇5 psi(〇千_1 帕)下。 5. 根據申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中該層係在步騍 (d)中热化成塗層厚度在約2_4密耳(0 05_0.10毫米)之 間0
    第24頁 446635 六、申請專利範圍 6. 根據申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中步驟(a)織物構 件之厚度尺寸在約2-4密耳(0.05-0. 1〇毫米)之間。 7. 根據申請專利範圍第6項之方法,其中該織物構件係 於步驟(a )中’以具有中間平均孔隙大小在约〇 · 5 _ 2密耳 (12. 5-50微米)間之鍍金屬編織布之形式提供。 8. 根據申請專利範圍第7項之方法,其中該布係由纖維 織成’該纖維係選自包括棉花、羊毛、絲' 纖雉素、聚 酯、聚醯胺、尼龍及其組合,並以金屬鍍覆,該金屬係選 自包括鋼、鎳、銀、鍍鎳銀、鋁、錫及其組合。 9. 根據申請專利範圍第8項之方法,其中該纖維具有直〇 徑在約10-50微米之間》 1 0. —種導電性EM!遮蔽物質,其係藉由根據申請專利範 圍第1項之方法製成。 11.根據申請專利範圍第i 0項之EM I遮蔽物質,其中申請 專利範圍第1項之步驟(b )之阻燃性組合物包含阻燃性丙 酸乳膠乳液。 12.根據申請專利範圍第1〇項之EMI遮蔽物質,其中該組
    合物之黏度係於申請專利範圍第i項之步驟(c )中控制在約 40,000-60,000厘泊之間。 13·根據申請專利範圍第1〇項之ΕΜί遮蔽物質,其中 合物之流體動力學壓力係於申請專利範圍第】項之 中控制在約0.05 psi(0.35千帕)下。 14.根據申睛專利範圍第 係在申請專利範圍第1項之步驟⑷中熟化成塗層厚;Π
    O:\57\57282.PTD 第25頁 4 6 6 3 5 六、申請專利範圍 2-4密耳(0.05-0. 1〇毫米)之間。 1 5.根據申請專利範圍第1 0項之EM I遮蔽物質,其中申請 專利範圍第1項之步驟(a)之織物構件厚度尺寸在約2-4密 耳(0. 05-0. 10毫米)之間。 1 6.根據申請專利範圍第1 5項之題1遮蔽物質,其中該織 物構件係於申請專利範圍第1項之步驟(a)中,以具有中間 平均孔隙大小為約0. 5 —2密耳(12. 5 —50微米)間之鍍金屬編 織布之形式提供。 17,根據申請專利範圍第16項之EMI.遮蔽物質’其中該布广) 係由纖維織成,該纖維係選自包括棉花、羊毛、絲、纖維 素、聚酯、聚醯胺、尼龍及其組合’並以金屬鑛覆’該金 屬係選自包括銅、鎳、銀、鍍鎳銀、鋁、錫及其組合。 18根據申請專利範圍第項之腿I遮蔽物質’其中3玄纖 維具有直徑在約1 〇 - 5 0微米之間。 0
    第26頁
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