TW389825B - A refrigerator cabinet - Google Patents

A refrigerator cabinet Download PDF

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Publication number
TW389825B
TW389825B TW087114704A TW87114704A TW389825B TW 389825 B TW389825 B TW 389825B TW 087114704 A TW087114704 A TW 087114704A TW 87114704 A TW87114704 A TW 87114704A TW 389825 B TW389825 B TW 389825B
Authority
TW
Taiwan
Prior art keywords
wall
refrigerator
wall member
seam
folded
Prior art date
Application number
TW087114704A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Stewart Vaughan
Daniel Witten-Hannah
Original Assignee
Fisher & Paykel
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fisher & Paykel filed Critical Fisher & Paykel
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of TW389825B publication Critical patent/TW389825B/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/20—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools with direct contact, e.g. using "mirror"
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D23/00—General constructional features
    • F25D23/08—Parts formed wholly or mainly of plastics materials
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P29/00—Non-central analgesic, antipyretic or antiinflammatory agents, e.g. antirheumatic agents; Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs [NSAID]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/02—Combined blow-moulding and manufacture of the preform or the parison
    • B29C49/06905—Using combined techniques for making the preform
    • B29C49/0691—Using combined techniques for making the preform using sheet like material, e.g. sheet blow-moulding from joined sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C51/00—Shaping by thermoforming, i.e. shaping sheets or sheet like preforms after heating, e.g. shaping sheets in matched moulds or by deep-drawing; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C51/26—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C51/266—Auxiliary operations after the thermoforming operation
    • B29C51/267—Two sheets being thermoformed in separate mould parts and joined together while still in the mould
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C53/00—Shaping by bending, folding, twisting, straightening or flattening; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C53/02—Bending or folding
    • B29C53/04—Bending or folding of plates or sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C53/00—Shaping by bending, folding, twisting, straightening or flattening; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C53/80—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C53/84—Heating or cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/004—Preventing sticking together, e.g. of some areas of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/0042—Preventing sticking together, e.g. of some areas of the parts to be joined of the joining tool and the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/114—Single butt joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/116—Single bevelled joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being bevelled in the joint area
    • B29C66/1162—Single bevel to bevel joints, e.g. mitre joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/122—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/1222—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least a lapped joint-segment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/12—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments; Tongue and groove joints; Tenon and mortise joints; Stepped joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/122—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/1224—Joint cross-sections combining only two joint-segments, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising only two joint-segments in the joint cross-section comprising at least a butt joint-segment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B29C66/432—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles for making tubular articles or closed loops, e.g. by joining several sheets ; for making hollow articles or hollow preforms
    • B29C66/4326—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles for making tubular articles or closed loops, e.g. by joining several sheets ; for making hollow articles or hollow preforms for making hollow articles or hollow-preforms, e.g. half-shells
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B29C66/434—Joining substantially flat articles for forming corner connections, fork connections or cross connections
    • B29C66/4342—Joining substantially flat articles for forming corner connections, e.g. for making V-shaped pieces
    • B29C66/43421—Joining substantially flat articles for forming corner connections, e.g. for making V-shaped pieces with a right angle, e.g. for making L-shaped pieces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81427—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single ridge, e.g. for making a weakening line; comprising a single tooth
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D23/00—General constructional features
    • F25D23/06—Walls
    • F25D23/062—Walls defining a cabinet
    • F25D23/063—Walls defining a cabinet formed by an assembly of panels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2791/00—Shaping characteristics in general
    • B29C2791/001—Shaping in several steps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C49/00—Blow-moulding, i.e. blowing a preform or parison to a desired shape within a mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C49/02—Combined blow-moulding and manufacture of the preform or the parison
    • B29C49/06905—Using combined techniques for making the preform
    • B29C49/0691—Using combined techniques for making the preform using sheet like material, e.g. sheet blow-moulding from joined sheets
    • B29C49/06916—Means for avoiding parts of the sheets to stick together, e.g. to provide blow opening
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/302—Particular design of joint configurations the area to be joined comprising melt initiators
    • B29C66/3022—Particular design of joint configurations the area to be joined comprising melt initiators said melt initiators being integral with at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/30223—Particular design of joint configurations the area to be joined comprising melt initiators said melt initiators being integral with at least one of the parts to be joined said melt initiators being rib-like
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/812—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8122—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/812—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8126—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/81261—Thermal properties, e.g. thermal conductivity, thermal expansion coefficient
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81411—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat
    • B29C66/81415—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined characterised by its cross-section, e.g. transversal or longitudinal, being non-flat being bevelled
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/04—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped cellular or porous
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/762—Household appliances
    • B29L2031/7622—Refrigerators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D2201/00—Insulation
    • F25D2201/10—Insulation with respect to heat
    • F25D2201/12—Insulation with respect to heat using an insulating packing material
    • F25D2201/126—Insulation with respect to heat using an insulating packing material of cellular type

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Rheumatology (AREA)
  • Pain & Pain Management (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Refrigerator Housings (AREA)
  • Blow-Moulding Or Thermoforming Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Shaping Of Tube Ends By Bending Or Straightening (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Claims (1)

  1. '申請專利範圍 第87114704號專利申請案申請專利範圍修正本 修正日期·· 88年6月 1. 一種冰箱殼艟，其包括有： 一個由多條與該雙層壁接觸之延長接縫分隔成三個 以上以並排關係連績配置之壁組件的雙層壁式絕緣塑膠 構件，該構件於該接缝處折疊，而使該系列壁组件形成 殼艘的三個以上側邊而接於該延長接缝處，該側邊於其 之間界定了一個冷藏空間； 一個接於該壁構件頂緣而使該壁構件維持在該折疊 結構的頂端蓋，該頂端蓋封閉了該冷藏空間之頂端； 一個接於該壁構件下緣而使該壁構件維持在該折疊 結構的底座，該底座係直接或間接地支撐該冷藏系統之 機械元件：以及 與該底座整合或分離之底板裝置，以封閉該冷藏室 之底端。 2. 如申請專利範圍第1項之冰箱殼體，其中該頂端蓋通常 具有一個内表面和一個外表面，並於内表面上沿著其 至少兩側，於其周園或附近處具有一條凹槽，該折* 塑膠壁構件之上緣被套入該頂端蓋凹槽内，該頂端蓋 凹槽使該壁構件之上緣維持於該折疊結構。 3. 如申請專利範圍第2項之冰箱殼體，其中該壁構件之上 緣及下緣部分被套入該頂端蓋及底座通道兩者、或其 中任何一方之該通道内，並從該處延伸而形成一個榫 ，該榫之厚度小於該壁構件之整體厚度，榫被套入通 _____ -19- ____ 本紙張尺度逋用中國國家揉準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） --------κΐ <請先W讀背面之注$項再填寫本頁) -訂· 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製
    '申請專利範圍 第87114704號專利申請案申請專利範圍修正本 修正日期·· 88年6月 1. 一種冰箱殼艟，其包括有： 一個由多條與該雙層壁接觸之延長接縫分隔成三個 以上以並排關係連績配置之壁組件的雙層壁式絕緣塑膠 構件，該構件於該接缝處折疊，而使該系列壁组件形成 殼艘的三個以上側邊而接於該延長接缝處，該側邊於其 之間界定了一個冷藏空間； 一個接於該壁構件頂緣而使該壁構件維持在該折疊 結構的頂端蓋，該頂端蓋封閉了該冷藏空間之頂端； 一個接於該壁構件下緣而使該壁構件維持在該折疊 結構的底座，該底座係直接或間接地支撐該冷藏系統之 機械元件：以及 與該底座整合或分離之底板裝置，以封閉該冷藏室 之底端。 2. 如申請專利範圍第1項之冰箱殼體，其中該頂端蓋通常 具有一個内表面和一個外表面，並於内表面上沿著其 至少兩側，於其周園或附近處具有一條凹槽，該折* 塑膠壁構件之上緣被套入該頂端蓋凹槽内，該頂端蓋 凹槽使該壁構件之上緣維持於該折疊結構。 3. 如申請專利範圍第2項之冰箱殼體，其中該壁構件之上 緣及下緣部分被套入該頂端蓋及底座通道兩者、或其 中任何一方之該通道内，並從該處延伸而形成一個榫 ，該榫之厚度小於該壁構件之整體厚度，榫被套入通 _____ -19- ____ 本紙張尺度逋用中國國家揉準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） --------κΐ <請先W讀背面之注$項再填寫本頁) -訂· 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 經 部 智 慧 財 d. 局 員 工 消 費 合 作 社 印 製 A8 B8 C8 D8 六、申請專利範圍 道内’而使頂端蓋及底座之側表面及後表面與折4塑 膠壁構件所形成的殼體側邊齊平。 4·如申請專利範園第1項之冰箱殼體，其中該雙層壁式絕 緣塑膠構件通常配置有一塊内端面和一塊外端面塑膠 薄板，所形成之該内端面塑膠薄板於其側壁及後壁部 分兩者、或其中任何一方處具有類似托盤支架這種細 部設計，該内壁與該外壁之間由一絕緣填充間隙分開 ，但於該接缝處或沿該接缝而與該外壁接觸，立該内 壁沿著每條該接缝側具有一個過渡面，於該接缝與殼 體内部之間延伸而形成該内壁的整髏部分，並於該過 渡面反側與該折疊壁構件對接。 5. 如申請專利範園第4項之冰箱殼體，其中該雙層壁式絕 緣塑膠構件於折疊時被分成三個壁紐件，依序形成左 側壁、後壁以及右侧壁，且該塑膠構件内壁之該過渡 面大約夾90°的一個角度。 6. 如申請專利範圍第4項之冰箱殼體，其中橫跨每條接缝 之該對置過渡面的至少其中一個過渡面内形成有一條 縱向通道，而使該對接過渡面舆該折疊壁構件形成一 根封閉垂直轴’該軸可封閉冷藏系統元件、輔助元件 以及概括裝置三者、或其中任何一方，以將該接過渡 面固定於該對接狀態或將其等騰空。 7. 如申請專利範面第1至6項任一項之冰箱般艟，其中該 雙層壁式絕緣塑谬構件被分成三塊面板，依序形成該 冰箱的左侧壁、後壁以及右側壁，該壁構件之該後壁 ---------f ------訂------rN c请先Μ读背由之注f項鼻填寫本貫)
    Α8 Β8 C8 D8 '中請專利範圍 面板最好較該壁構件之該左側壁及右側壁面板為短， 該壁構件因而在其下緣内形成一個槽口，該槽口於該 延長接縫之問延伸，該槽口於緊鄰該底座之冰箱背後 最好具有一個開放空間，該底座最好沿著其兩側具有 該壁支撐通道，該通道支禕著每個左側及右側壁之下 緣’以接於該塑膠壁構件，並使其維持在該折疊結構 0 8. 如申請專利範圍第1至6項任一項中用於雙溫式冰箱的 冰箱殼體，其中該般體包括有一塊隔板，將該般體分 成一個新鮮食物室和一個冷凍室，該隔板面板被套入 該殼體左側及右側壁内表面中形成的凹槽内。 9. 如申請專利範圍第1至6項任一項之冰箱殼韹，其包括 有一個與該底座分離之底板裝置，該底板裝置包括有 一塊橫跨在該折疊塑膠構件的三個以上側壁之間，的底 部隔板，於其間所涵蓋的空間内，該隔板獨自或舆該 底座封閉了該冷藏空間的底端。 10. 如申請專利範圍第9項之冰箱般體，其中芦底座於其上 表面上沿著其至少兩側，在其周圍或附近處具有一條 凹槽，該折疊塑膠壁構件之下緣被套入該底座通道内 ，該通道使該壁構件之下緣維持於該折疊結構。 U.如申請專利範圍第9項之冰箱般艘，其中該底部隔板大 體上係與該底座分開，並套入該折疊壁構件面向内部 之左側及右側壁中所形成的一條互補凹槽奉通道内， 該隔板之後緣大體上高於其前緣》 ____ „_ -21- _ 本纸張尺度逋用中鬮國家揉準（CNS ) Α4洗格（210Χ297公釐） ---- (請先《讀背面之注$項再填寫本頁) 订 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作杜印製 A8 B8 C8 D8
    、申請專利範圍 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 •22. 12·如申請專利範圍第9項之冰箱般想，其中該隔板包括有 個大體上為水平之後向部分、一個大想上為水平之 前向部分、以及位於其間的一個過渡區，該左側及右 侧壁構件之内形成了一條用以容納該隔板左右邊緣之 通道’所形成之該通道係與該隔板之輪廓一致。 13. 如申請專利範圍第9項之冰箱殼體，其中該後壁之下緣 的内表面中具有一個用以容納該底部隔板後緣之半槽 e 14. 如申請專利範圍第1至6項任一項之冰箱殼體其中底 板裝置係與底座一艘成形，該底座包括有一個加高的 底板構件，橫跨在該折疊塑膠構件的三個以上側邊之 間，並將該冷藏空間的底端封閉，於該底板構件下方 及該底座之向下延伸的冰箱支撐構件之間具有一個空 間，該空間適合用以容納該冰箱之機械及電機元件兩 者、或其中任何"""方· 15. 如申請專利範圍第14項之冰箱殼髏，其中該向下延伸 之冰箱支撐構件包括有用以接至該殼饉之至少左右側 邊的下緣之裝置。 16·如申請專利範圍第14項之冰箱殼艎，其中該向下延伸 «% 之冰箱支撐構件每個均包括有一個具一條沿該處形成 之面向上方的通道之側向延伸部分，其内裝有該般體 之各左右侧壁的下緣。 17.如申請專利範園第14項之冰箱殼體，其中該底座包括 有一個適合用以支撐該冰箱機械元件的活動式托盤， 象紙張尺度逋用中國國家揉隼（CNS ) A4规格（210X297公釐） ---------〇------訂·------C- (請先閱讀背面之注f項再樓寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A8 ?! ------- - 六、申請專概^-- 該托盤係由該向下延伸部分支撐於該底板構件下方。 18·如申請專利範圍第1至6項任一項之冰箱殼艘，其中有 個適合用以支撐冰箱機械元件的活動式托盤係與該 底座一饉成形，並位於該底板裝置下方。 19·如申請專利範圍第14項之冰箱殼艎其中至少該底板 構件的上表面具有一個後平坦面、一個前平坦面、以 及位於其間的一個過渡區，且該左右側殼髏的内部表 面於其下緣處具有半槽，以容納該底板構件的外側端 〇 20. 如申請專利範圍第〗至6項任一項中具有一個冰箱般逋 的冰箱’有一扇門被安裝在該冷藏般艘上面，以封閉 該冷藏空間之前端，並藉以完全地封閉該冷藏空間， 並有一個冷藏系統用以冷卻該冷藏空問，至少有一部 份的該冷藏系統被安裝於該底座上面。 21. —種形成一冰箱殼艘之方法，其步驟包括有： (a) 將一個由多條與該雙層壁接觸之延長接縫分隔 成三個以上以並排關係連續配置之壁組件的雙層壁式 絕緣塑膠構件予以熱成型； (b) 將該塑膠壁構件沿著每條該接缝折疊，形成殼 嫌的三個以上側邊而接於該延長接缝處，該側邊於其 之間界定了一個冷藏空間；以及 (c) 將一頂端蓋裝於該殼體上，使該壁構件維持繁 該折疊結構，並將該冷藏空間頂端封閉；以及 (d) 將一底座裝於該壁構件之下緣上面，使該壁構 -23- 本紙張尺度逋用中國•家揉车（CNS ) A4规格（210X297公釐） . ^,^1.----訂------C <锖先閱讀背面之注f項再填寫本筲) Α8 Β8 C8 D8 六、申請專利範圍 該頂端蓋舆該底部成形部分之間的一個中間位置處之 該壁構件的該左側及右侧必成形部分中所形成之諸條 通道内，以形成一塊冰箱/冷凍室分隔面板。 27. —種殼餿，其包括有： 一個由多條與該雙層壁接觸之延長接缝分隔成三個 -..... -..... 以上以並排關係連讀配置之壁组件的雙層壁式塑膠構件 ，該構件於該接缝處折疊，两使該系列壁组件形成殼艘 的三個以上側邊而接於該延長接缝處；以及 一個頂端蓋及一個底端蓋兩者、或其中玉何一方， 其等通常具有一個内表面和一個外表面，並於内表面上 沿著其至少兩側，於其周圍或附近處具有一條凹槽，該 折疊塑膠壁構件之頂端蓋及一個底端蓋兩煮4或其中任 何一方被套入通道内，該通道使該壁構件維持於該折疊 結構。 28. 如申請專利範園第27項之殼體，其中有一條以上之該 折缝並不與該殼髏側邊之間的轉角一致，該殼體係對 應於由各該折缝接合之該壁組件。 29. 如申請專利範圍第27項之殼體，其中該雙層壁式塑膠 構件本質上具有一塊内端面薄板和一塊外端面薄板， 且該構件傳緊鄰至少其中一條該接缝而形成，使該内 端面薄板與其本身接觸，y接嘎點係介於該接缝的兩 個對置侧之間，並與該接縫分開，該接觸部分並 彼此溶接在一起。 30·—種用於一裝置殼艘，其包括有一個由雙層薄板熱成 本紙張逋用中國國家揉丰（CNS ) ( 210X297公羞) --- - ---------ο! - (請先Μ讀背面之注$項再填寫本頁) -訂 C 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A8 B8 C8 D8 77、申請專利範圍 件之下緣維持於該折疊結構》 22. 如申請專利範圍第21項中用以形成一冰箱殼艟之方法 ，其中步驟（b)之前的步驟包括有： (i)當該塑膠構件仍然位於其熱成型鑄模内時，將 一種發泡材料注入每個壁组件的腔内，該發泡材料以 泡沫形式膨脹並充滿該腔，並於其内凝固；以及 (H)隨後將該塑膠構件自其熱成型鑄模中取出。 23. 如申請專利範圍第21或22項中用以形成一冰箱殼髏之 方法’於折疊該塑膠壁構件之前將該内側半鑄棋取出 ’而使該壁構件仍然支撐於該熱成型鑄棋外側半鑄棋 上面’並加熱該壁構件之該接縫區，使其在折疊之前 大體上能夠使該接縫處之材料軟化。 24. 如申請專利範圍第23項中用以形成一冰箱般體之方法 ’於取出該内侧半鑄棋之後以及在折疊之前，於該壁 構件内表面上面所形成之通道内進行配線及冰箱機械 元件之裝配兩者、或其中任何一方❶ 25. 如申請專利範園第21或22項中用以形成一冰箱般艟之 方法，其中該壁構件至少於其靠近其下緣之左右側壁 成形部分處具有凹槽，而該方法包括有當折叠該塑膠 壁構件而形成該般體時，將一塊底部隔板固定於正確 位置處’而使該底部隔板之左右側邊於折疊時被維持 在該壁構件側邊成形部分的該凹槽内。 26. 如申請專利範圍第21或22項中用以形成一冰箱般體之 方法’其包括有利用滑動方式將一塊分隔板套入位於 本纸張適用中邮家梂準（CNS)从胁（21()><297公着） (請先聞讀背面之注$項再填寫本頁) 訂 經濟部智慧財產局貝工消費合作社印製 申請專利範圍 型而成的壁構件，該壁構件具有多塊面板，該面板係 利用一個以上與該雙層薄板接觸而形成一條接縫之接 合邊彼此接在一起，且在該裝置中，該壁構件係沿著 一條以上之該接縫折疊，而使該多塊面板形成該裝置 的多個壁，其結構整體而言於當該壁構件最初熱成型 時並不相同，其中有一條以上之該折缝並不與該裝置 之壁之間的轉角一致’該裝置係對應於由各折縫接合 之面板》 31. 如申請專利範圍第30項之殼饉，其中該折缝係介於形 成至少構成了該面板之該轉角的其中一個壁之表面的 一個邊緣之面板邊緣與形成了一個與至少構成了該轉 角的其他壁之該面板的表面成某個角度之表面的一個 邊緣之面板邊緣之間，該壁構件係於該接縫處折|該 角度，而使與該其他面板成某一角度之該表面構成了 該轉角的其中一個壁，並使該折縫與該轉角分離。 32. —種用於一裝置殼體，其包括有一個由雙層薄板熱成 型而成的壁構件，該壁構件具有多塊面板，該面板係 利用一個以上與該雙層薄板接觸而形成一條接缝之接 合邊彼此接在一起，且在該裝置中，該壁構件係沿著 一條以上之該接縫折疊’而使該多塊面板形成該裝置 的多個壁，其結構整體而言並不相同，當該壁構件最 初熱成型時，於至少其中一條該接缝處，該雙層壁式 塑膠構件本質上具有一塊内端面薄板及一/塊外端面薄 板，而該構件係緊鄰該接縫而形成，使其在折疊狀態 A8 B8 C8 D8 六 經濟部智慧財產局貝工消費合作社印製 申請專利範圍 下，該内端面薄板與其本身接觸，該接觸點係介於該 接缝的兩個對置側部分之間，並與該接縫分開，該接 觸部分並彼此熔接在一起。 33·如申請專利範圍第32項之殼體，其中介於該内層薄板 之該部分之間的接觸點係沿著大饉上與該接縫同長且 平行該接缝的一條直線分佈》 34. —種由雙層熱成型薄板構成之壁構件，其包括有一條 以上與該雙層薄板接觸之接縫’該壁構件適合在一條 以上之該接缝處折4而形成多個壁，其特徵在於至少 有一條該接缝被折疊一個固定角度，以及位於該接縫 % 或大逋上在該接缝處之該雙層薄板的至少其中一塊薄 板於其表面之間形成一個過渡區，其係該固定角度之 餘角’而使若該接缝被折疊該固定角度的話，該表面 大體上將連續地橫跨該接缝。 35. 如申請專利範面第34項之壁構件，其中該諸表面的其 中一個具有另一個大艟丄平行於該接縫但與該接縫分 開並形成該固定角的過渡區，而使位於該過渡區之該 表面遠離該接缝’並與該第一過渡區之前的表面大艚 上位於同一平面。 36. 如申請專利範面第35項之壁構件，其包括3「二對平行 分開之接縫，並將該壁構件分成三塊並排面板，該壁 構件的其中一塊薄板具有一個大號上平坦之較大表面 ’與各面板相接’該三個較大表面大艘上互相平行， 該對接缝則位於該中間面板之較大表面的另一邊，兩 _ -27- 本紙張Λ度適用中國國家揉车（CNS > A4*t格（210X297公釐） A8 B8 C8 D8 37 、申請專利範圍 塊外側面板均有一個垂直延伸之較小表面，其每個均 從各面板之較大表面的接缝端延伸至各接缝，該固定 角大約為90度，而使若該接缝被折疊該固定角度的話 ’該外側面板的較小表面會與該中間面板的較大表面 排成一列，該外侧面板將從該中間面板之邊緣垂直地 延伸，而折缝將整個被配置在該中間面板的外表面上 種製備雙層薄板熱成型壁構件之裝置，其包括有一 條以上之接缝，該壁構件於該處被折疊而使該壁構件 之涵蓋面緊靠在一起；而用於折疊之裝置則包括有一 個具一用以沿著該欲折4接縫接觸之加熱面的導熱頭 、用以加熱該導熱頭之裝置，該導熱頭係支撐在一個 支撐裝置上面，其與連接至該壁構件的一個支撐裝置 適合將該加熱頭表面與該接缝接觸，透過該接觸讓熱 能夠從該加熱頭傳至該接縫，藉以軟化該接縫供折疊 用β 38.如申請專利範圓第37項之裝置，其中該加熱頭更包括 有一個以上的加熱面，作為當與該接缝連接之頭部加 熱面與該**接缝接螂時，該壁構件的—個以上之涵蓋面 上面的接觸點或軌跡’藉使該額外加熱面能夠傳熱而 局部軟化或熔化位於該點或軌跡處之塑縢材質，使得 若該涵蓋面於進行折疊之後立刻緊靠在一起，則諸接 觸點或軌跡會在該涵蓋面之間形成一個接合點而靠在 一起。 __ -28- --------K‘------订------ς (請先閱讀背面之注$項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 本紙張又度通用中國國家揉率（€阳）厶4規格（210父297公着）
TW087114704A 1997-09-09 1998-09-04 A refrigerator cabinet TW389825B (en)

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EP1038145B1 (en) 2005-11-09
KR20010023799A (ko) 2001-03-26
DE69832300T2 (de) 2006-05-24
CN1144009C (zh) 2004-03-31
CA2303439A1 (en) 1999-03-18
JP2001516005A (ja) 2001-09-25
DE69832300D1 (de) 2005-12-15
MY120456A (en) 2005-10-31
AU737959B2 (en) 2001-09-06
EP1038145A1 (en) 2000-09-27
AU9010798A (en) 1999-03-29
CN1269879A (zh) 2000-10-11
EP1038145A4 (en) 2002-04-17
BR9811770A (pt) 2000-08-29

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