TW303531B - - Google Patents
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- TW303531B TW303531B TW085104659A TW85104659A TW303531B TW 303531 B TW303531 B TW 303531B TW 085104659 A TW085104659 A TW 085104659A TW 85104659 A TW85104659 A TW 85104659A TW 303531 B TW303531 B TW 303531B
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- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- layer
- layers
- inorganic
- substrate
- organic
- Prior art date
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 67
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 55
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 40
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- PCTMTFRHKVHKIS-BMFZQQSSSA-N (1s,3r,4e,6e,8e,10e,12e,14e,16e,18s,19r,20r,21s,25r,27r,30r,31r,33s,35r,37s,38r)-3-[(2r,3s,4s,5s,6r)-4-amino-3,5-dihydroxy-6-methyloxan-2-yl]oxy-19,25,27,30,31,33,35,37-octahydroxy-18,20,21-trimethyl-23-oxo-22,39-dioxabicyclo[33.3.1]nonatriaconta-4,6,8,10 Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](OS(O)(=O)=O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2.O[C@H]1[C@@H](N)[C@H](O)[C@@H](C)O[C@H]1O[C@H]1/C=C/C=C/C=C/C=C/C=C/C=C/C=C/[C@H](C)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](C)[C@H](C)OC(=O)C[C@H](O)C[C@H](O)CC[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)C[C@H](O)C[C@](O)(C[C@H](O)[C@H]2C(O)=O)O[C@H]2C1 PCTMTFRHKVHKIS-BMFZQQSSSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 199
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 33
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 32
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 27
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 19
- -1 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 18
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 17
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 16
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 14
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 11
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 7
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910021417 amorphous silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000539 dimer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000013077 target material Substances 0.000 description 4
- BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Difluoroethene Chemical compound FC(F)=C BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 3
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- VRBFTYUMFJWSJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 28804-46-8 Chemical compound ClC1CC(C=C2)=CC=C2C(Cl)CC2=CC=C1C=C2 VRBFTYUMFJWSJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophene Chemical compound C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl ether Chemical compound C=COC=C QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004518 low pressure chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005486 organic electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000623 plasma-assisted chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011877 solvent mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000021419 vinegar Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000052 vinegar Substances 0.000 description 2
- MIZLGWKEZAPEFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2-trifluoroethene Chemical group FC=C(F)F MIZLGWKEZAPEFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxol-2-one Chemical compound O=C1OC=CO1 VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920004439 Aclar® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241001597062 Channa argus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000218691 Cupressaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003109 Karl Fischer titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000255777 Lepidoptera Species 0.000 description 1
- NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)=O NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VHQRNZQDUGXBET-UHFFFAOYSA-N O(F)F.[P].[Pb].[Sn] Chemical compound O(F)F.[P].[Pb].[Sn] VHQRNZQDUGXBET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000003140 Panax quinquefolius Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000005373 Panax quinquefolius Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000270295 Serpentes Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910008449 SnF 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BKYBUTJIMBWHJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Si](O)(O)(O)O.P(O)(O)O Chemical compound [Si](O)(O)(O)O.P(O)(O)O BKYBUTJIMBWHJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002318 adhesion promoter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N butene Natural products CC=CC IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZFTFAPZRGNKQPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N dicarbonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)OC(O)=O ZFTFAPZRGNKQPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005518 electrochemistry Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZANNOFHADGWOLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-hydroxyacetate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CO ZANNOFHADGWOLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoromethane Chemical class FC NBVXSUQYWXRMNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002313 fluoropolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004811 fluoropolymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003480 inorganic solid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- MCVFFRWZNYZUIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium;trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F MCVFFRWZNYZUIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000001755 magnetron sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004643 material aging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004200 microcrystalline wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019808 microcrystalline wax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000005609 naphthenate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003016 phosphoric acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001083 polybutene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005023 polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE) polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001289 polyvinyl ether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052704 radon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SYUHGPGVQRZVTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N radon atom Chemical compound [Rn] SYUHGPGVQRZVTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015067 sauces Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012812 sealant material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003346 selenoethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005477 sputtering target Methods 0.000 description 1
- XSOKHXFFCGXDJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N telluride(2-) Chemical compound [Te-2] XSOKHXFFCGXDJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930192474 thiophene Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- PBYZMCDFOULPGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungstate Chemical compound [O-][W]([O-])(=O)=O PBYZMCDFOULPGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LSGOVYNHVSXFFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadate(3-) Chemical compound [O-][V]([O-])([O-])=O LSGOVYNHVSXFFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M6/00—Primary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M6/50—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance, e.g. for maintaining operating temperature
- H01M6/5044—Cells or batteries structurally combined with cell condition indicating means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery
- H01M50/116—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by the material
- H01M50/117—Inorganic material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery
- H01M50/116—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by the material
- H01M50/121—Organic material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery
- H01M50/116—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by the material
- H01M50/124—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by the material having a layered structure
- H01M50/126—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by the material having a layered structure comprising three or more layers
- H01M50/128—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by the material having a layered structure comprising three or more layers with two or more layers of only inorganic material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery
- H01M50/116—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by the material
- H01M50/124—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by the material having a layered structure
- H01M50/126—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by the material having a layered structure comprising three or more layers
- H01M50/129—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery characterised by the material having a layered structure comprising three or more layers with two or more layers of only organic material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery
- H01M50/14—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery for protecting against damage caused by external factors
- H01M50/141—Primary casings, jackets or wrappings of a single cell or a single battery for protecting against damage caused by external factors for protecting against humidity
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/233—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions
- H01M50/24—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders characterised by physical properties of casings or racks, e.g. dimensions adapted for protecting batteries from their environment, e.g. from corrosion
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/80—Constructional details
- H10K50/84—Passivation; Containers; Encapsulations
- H10K50/844—Encapsulations
- H10K50/8445—Encapsulations multilayered coatings having a repetitive structure, e.g. having multiple organic-inorganic bilayers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/80—Constructional details
- H10K50/84—Passivation; Containers; Encapsulations
- H10K50/846—Passivation; Containers; Encapsulations comprising getter material or desiccants
Description
經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明(1 ) 發明之背景 發明之領域 本發明係關於一種可透光多層濕氣屏障。本發明尤指一 種可透光,薄膜,多層複合物,包含許多交替層之無機材 料及有機材料,可用作濕氣敏感電池上檢測計之濕氣屏障 ,該屏障之一種製法,以及指一具有濕氣敏感電池上檢測 計及該屏障之電化學電池。 發明之背景 使用電池狀沉檢測計,諸如熱色性電壓檢測計,以目視 方式指示電化學電池(通稱爲電池〉之狀況,已變得很受 觀迎,並且對電池製造麻商及對消費者提供一項具附加價 値之優點。此等檢測計係合初級電化學電池使用,但如 果希望,消費者也可使用其檢測次級或可充電式電化學電 池之狀況。目前使用中之最受歡迎檢測計,爲一種熱色性 材料,與一形成電池包裝整體部份之電阻元件接觸,其中 電池爲鹼性初級電池。使用者將電池之端子置於檢測計之 觸點之間,並擠恩檢測計之觸點端,輿爲電池末端之電池 端子作成電接觸。檢測計之電阻元件與電池電壓成比例加 熱,並且熱色性材料在指示"良好"或"更換"之範園提供電 池狀況之定量指示。此種檢測計例如揭示於奠國鼻利 4,723〗656號。一種也可自包裝移除之整體式熱色性包裝 檢測計揭示於美國專利5,188,231號。最近,發展成功一 種電池上檢測計,其中電池狀況指示器爲電池標簽之整鱧 部份。此等電池上檢測計包括熱色型及一種新式電化學翠 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本页)
J 訂 經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作社印製 A7 ------------B7 五、發明説明(2 ) ' ' 生扭.#纟色型電池上檢測計之-種實例揭示於歐洲專利 iwm織H之揭示經予參考併人本案<»不同於 採用電阻元件產生熱,並因此無法永久附著至電池之端子 而不使其連績放電之熱色型,新式電化學型不 自電池抽 出電流,因此可永久附著至電池之端子,而不使電池放電 。此種新型檢測計揭示於美國專利5 250 9〇5號及 5,339,024號,其揭示經予參考併入本案。如美國專利 5,355,089號中所揭示,有些電化學型電池上狀沉檢測計 採用吸濕性或其他性質濕度敏感電解質组成,以及防止會 破壤檢測計有效性之濕氣到達電解赏所必須之装置。此專 利揭示若干對此問題之解決方法,其中最佳爲雲母。然而 ,雖然比較不昂貴,但雲母無法以長帶或允許其捲成一卷 雲母之其他形式利用,其爲經濟適用商業生產方法所需者 〇 發明之概述 本發明係概括關於一種可透光多層複合物,其可用作濕 •fy 氣屏障,並且其包含許多交替層之固髏無機材料及固體有 機材料,且其爲將上述諸層敷著或形成至一基片所形成。 本發明尤指一種薄膜,多層複合物,其包含交替之無機及 ,•+ ........ 有機層敷著或形成在一適當基片上,並且其可用作濕氣屏 ,。在一種實施例,本發明之複合物用作供目視指示電化 辜電池狀況之濕氣敏感電池之濕氣屏障。在另一 實施例,本發明係關於該多層複合物之一種製法。在又一 實施例,本發明係關於本發明之多層複合濕氣屏障與一電 4«. -4 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) Λ4規格(210X297公釐) 1^— - 广_ 1 - I — (〈 I (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂 A7 B7 五、發明説明(3 ) 池上檢測計相组合,及關於一種電化學電池具有一藉該複 合物保護以防濕氣之濕氣敏感電池上檢測計。在另外又一 實施例’本發明之複合物用作供濕氣敏感材料及物品之包 裝材料’因此’使用作爲供電池上檢測計之濕氣屏障時, 薄膜多廣複合物之透光特性,使人們可如檢測計用以指示 電池狀況之彩色,記號或其他目視裝置所呈現,知道電池 之狀況。在本發明之複合物用作供電池上檢測計之濕氧屏 障供電化學電池之一種實施例,基片爲一種撓性衆合物, 而複合物爲一種撓性可透光薄膜複合物,其中每層之厚度 不大於五微米,較佳爲不大於一微米。電池上檢測計意爲 一種目視指示電池狀況,並藉電池標簽或其他裝置永久附 著至電池之檢測計,惟本發明不限於此種實施例。可使用 本發明之濕氣屏障複合物之一種型式濕氣敏感電池上檢測 計,爲一種包括至少一種吸濕性材料之檢測計,此種材料 如果吸收水蒸氣,便損害或破壞檢測計之有效性。另一型 爲一種檢計,其包括至少一種需要存在有預定量水份才 起作甩―之.组份因此其需要濕.氣屏障保.持檢測計中之水份 含量β 無機材料及有機材料均爲固髏’並且除發外,均表化合 物而非元素。有機材料通常爲一種聚合物,並且除矽外, 無機材料爲非金屬,爲一種化合物諸如氮化物,氣化物等 。石夕由於其半導電性質,通常不視爲金屬。無機及有機材 料均爲可水溶,並具有供濕氣屏障應用偾可能低之水蒸氣 滲透速率’並且在此等應用’有機衬料較佳爲包含一^碟 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) Α4规格(21〇χ297公釐) C请先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本萸) -〆· 、-''• 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作杜印製 經濟部中央標準局負工消費合作社印裝 A7 ----------- B7 五、發明説明(~' 水性衆合物。多層複合物之製法包含將一第一層敷著或形 成在一基片上,繼之將一第二層敷著在第一層上面其中 第-及第二層爲不同材料,—爲有機材料 ,而另一爲無機 材料,並且重複交替層敷著,直到已施加產生具有希望特 性之多層複合物所需之層數。因此,本發明之複合物有别 於預先存在之各層予以柏性或其他方式彼此結合之番片, 因爲本發明之複合物之層係藉敷著或塗布法在原地 •形成在4U或其他制複合物上。有機材料作爲液禮予以 施加,然後予以固化或乾燥,或者其可藉各種物理汽敷 (PVD)法,噴濺,等離子增強物理汽敷化學汽敷或任何 其他適當手段作爲單想,預聚合物或衆合物予以施加。無 機層也藉精於此項技藝者所知之方法予以施加,並且如以 下另外所説明,依所使用之材料而定,包括各種(pvD)法 ,喷濺,等離子增強物理汽敷,化學汽敷(CVD)及其他 當方法。 附圖之簡要説明 圖1略示一種根據本發明之十四層濕氣屏障。 圖2(a)略示一種具有本發明之濕氣屏障,在電池上之電 池上檢測計之剖面圈,以及國2(b)以部份虚線略示一種具 有本發明之電池上檢測計及濕氣屏障之電池之側視圈。 詳細説明 圖1略示本發明之一種薄膜多層濕氣屏障1〇包含—塑膠 或衆合物基片12,在其上敷著一包含七層無機材料如層“ ’ 18,22,26 ’ 30 ’ 34及38 ’以及七層有機材料如層16, 本紙張尺度適用中國國家梯準(CNS )八4規格(2丨〇><297公釐) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 乂· 訂 經濟部中央橾準局員工消費合作社印製 A7 ____ B7 五、發明説明(5 ) 20,24,28,32,36及40之多層結構。每一有機層之厚度 通常約在100埃至5微米之範園以内,較佳爲約在1〇〇〇埃 至1微米之範園以内。無機層之厚变通常約在1〇〇埃il〇,〇〇〇 埃之範園以内,較佳爲约在200埃至5,000埃之範園以内, 更佳約爲300至3,000埃。因此,除了使用數層有機材及使 用一塑膠基片外,就交替之材料構造及諸層之厚度而言, 圖1中所例示之濕氣屏障,其構造係與用於燈,透鏡,反 射鏡及其他光學物品上之薄膜多層光干涉塗層相似。而且 ,每層之厚度在此等範圍以内,被認爲使本發明之複合物 歸類於薄膜類。層數及層厚度當然依多層複合物預計用途 ,及依無機層及有機層所用之材料而定。在圈1中所例示之 特定構造,所有有機層均爲相同厚度及爲相同材,並且所 有無機層均爲相同厚度及相同材料。不過,如精於此項枚 藝者將會察知,本發明包括並非所有有機層均爲相同厚度 或相同材料,也並非所有無機層均爲相同厚度或相同材科 之多層複合物。而且,雖然僅爲方便起見例示一種十四層 (不包括基片)複合物,但本發明之複合物將具有較多或 較少層,依專業人員之斟酌及能力,總層數(不包括基片 )範園在3至1〇〇或更多層之間,較佳爲至少4層,更佳 爲至少6交替層,另外,在該圈所例示之實施例,所有蹐 層均在基片之一面。如果希望,交替之無機及有機層予》^ 施加至基片之兩面(頂面及底面),以形成本發明之複合 物0 另外,雖然本發明之多層複合物可用作供電池上電化學 本紙張尺度適财關 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -訂 r A7 A7 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 一 .............................................. B7
五、發明説明(6T 檢測計之薄膜濕氣屏障,其也可用以如上所述作爲供濕氣 敏感食物’化學品’藥品,電子器件及物品之濕氣屏障。 精於此項技藝者將會察知,其也可予設計及使用供其他應 用’包括光學應用,諸如選擇性透射及反射電磁波譜之不 同部份。在又一實施例,基片12爲一有一可脱除表面之幅 片’第一層敷著於其上,因而可移除及使用多層結構,而 無在其上形成此結構之基片,或其可形成在第一基片上, 然後轉移至第二基片。對於大多數應用,需要一基片供強 度’使在製造過程中能處理及使用多層複合物,而不使其 斷裂。在圈1中所例示之實施列,基片不具有可脱除面, 而施加至基片之第一層爲無機層,最後一層爲有機層。如 果希望,依預計之用途而定,敷著在基片上之第一層可爲 一層有機材料,最後一層複合物可爲一層無機或有機材料 。吾人發現,如果無機材料爲一種比較易碎之材料或易破 裂之材料,諸如玻璃,金屬氧化物或金屬氮化物,將其塗 布一層有,材料,保護其以防在處理時受損,便減低其在彎 曲或撓曲時破裂之傾向,並因我务防止無機材料直接與侵 蝕性環境接觸。在此情形,諸外層複合物爲有機材料,其 一可爲圖1中所例示之塑膠或衆合物基片。 吾人也發現,並且對實施本發明很重要,重要的是諸層 料材料予以分開,以避免在無機材料上之裂 紋及缺陷傳播蔓延。亦即,吾人發現,在下文所提及藉敷 著法之一所敷著之無機層上之裂紋,針孔或其他缺陷,如 果將次一無機材料層直接敷著至第一層無機材料,而在二 __: II .-----------1Τ------Τ (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家榡準(CNS ) Α4規格(210Χ297公釐) 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 Α7 Β7 五、發明説明(7 ) 無機層之間無有機材料之中間層,便會傳至次一無機材料 層。此現象顯著減低複合物作爲濕氣屏障之有效性,因爲 如果無有機材料之中間層插置在無機層之間,此等缺陷常 傳播通過所有無機材料。關於根據本發明之作法敷著爲數 層之有機材料,有時發明類似現象。因此,大範团或微針 孔’包括塵粒等,可能在敷著過程中出現,這提供一供水 蒸氣傳輸之容易路徑。交替敷著無機材料層及有機材科層 ’任何特定層上之此種層或薄膜缺陷便不會傳播至覆蓋缺 陷之重疊層,從而提供一遠爲較長及較曲折之路徑供水蒸 氣通過,甚至達到程度爲致使淨效果爲宛如缺陷不存在, 自技術觀點而定,較薄層及較多層對水蒸氣傳輸通過複合 物具有較大阻力。然而,濕氣屏障之成本随敷著之每一層 而增加。而且,如果諸層太薄,在諸層辟會有空隙或不完 全之覆蓋範固,這將會增加複合物之可滲透性。 如以上所闞述,本發明之薄膜多層複合物不同於先前技 藝之疊片囡爲本發明之諸層爲藉迪性或其他方式結合預 成形材料帶或片形成層狀結構之層壓以外之方法,彼此重 疊交替敷著無機及有機材料所形成。而且,有一層或多層 有機層,其本身由二層或更多層不同有機材料所作成,諸 如在無機材料層上使用一底層或塗層,以獲致較佳之中間 層粘著,在其上敷著一種不同之有機材料,而有二層不同 有機材料之複合物形成在有機層上,爲在本發明之範团以 内。同樣,在本發明之範園,可施加二層或更多層無機材 料,以形成無機層。可將本發明之一種或多種複合物(其 -9 - 本紙張尺^適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(1ΐΟχ 297ϋ )---〜 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁j
J r A7 B7 五、 3〇3531 發明説明(8) 非層壓複合物)彼此層壓或層壓至其他複合物或材料,或 其组合,以形成一包含本發明之至少一或至少二或更多複 合物之層壓結構,也爲在本發明之範团以内。另外,雖然本 發明之薄膜多層複合物不包括使用金屬層,但本發明之複 合物可層壓有一層或多層金屬,或可將一層或多層金屬敷 每·在本發明之複合物上,而有另一本發明之複合物敷著在 金屬層上,以形成一包含交替之本發明之複合物及金屬層 之結構。精於此項技藝者將會察知,金屬塗層爲不透光。 不過,此等結構可用於無需光透射特性之應用。 可用於實施本發明之層敷著法包括各種PVD法,諸如喷 濺及蒸發,包括射類(RF)喷濺及磁控管喷濺。也可使用等 離子衆合作用’單體蒸敫,各種CVD,低壓化學蒸敷 (LPCVD)及等離子輔助化學蒸敷,此諸法均爲精於此項技 藝者所知者。用以將一塗層或層施加至在一卷或盤上之基 片之高速方法也爲已知者,並揭示於例如美國專利 4,543,27^號及5,032,461號。通常在眞空室一次僅敷著一 層。因此,例如將一層雲母或氮化矽敷著至基序之一面或 兩面。然後將眞空室中之目標材料改變爲一種衆合物,或 將雲母塗布之基片轉移至其中目標材料爲聚合物之矣一室 。然後將聚合物作爲一層敷著於(諸)雲母層上。但如希望 ,在該室中採用至少二敷層噴濺目標(在喷濺敷著之情形 ),將至少一層無機材料及至少一層聚合物敷著於眞空室 内之基片之一面或兩面。例如,在藉磁控管增加喷濺發生 層敷著之眞空室内,基片爲一電極,將予敷著在基片上之 -10 - f 一 訂 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟'那中央榡隼局員工消費合作、社印製
* 公 /> V N A7 B7 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明(9 ) 目標材料爲另一電極,在敷著一層在基片之一面之情形, 有等離子體在該二電極中間。目標材料及等離子體代之爲 在基片之兩面,供同時將一層敷著在兩面,在此情形,將 一層無機材料或有機材料敷著在基片或無機層塗布基片之 兩面。另外,如果基片爲移動之條或薄膜,則在眞空室順 次採用超過一個目標,藉以在基片之一次通過敷著超過一 種材料。因此,如果基片爲移動之條或薄片,基片移動經 過第一目標或目標組時,將一層無機材料敷著在基片之一 面或兩面。無機材料塗布之基片繼績移動至室中在(諸)第 一目標順流處之第二目標或目標组時,將一層有機材料敷 著在該層無機材料,如此等等。因此,基片在眞空室一次 通過,將很多層施加至基片,以形成圖1中所例示之複合 物,或一種具有層數多於或少於圈1中所例示之複合物。 如此上所釋述,美國專利5,250,905號及5,339,024號揭 示包含一個或多個濕度敏感組件之電池上檢測計,其因此 需採用一^氣屏障輿濕氣敏感檢測計配合,以防止濕氣損 害如美國¥利5,335,089號所揭示之檢測計之有效性。獲 得若干成功之一種方法,爲如’089號專利中所揭示,使用 一小片雲母配置在電池上檢測計上面,並被適當之痔濕材 料諸如聚異丁烯所密封。圖2(a)及2(b)分别略示一種在電 池上具有本發明之濕氣屛障之電池上檢測計之側視圈及頂 視圖(部份虛線)。因此,圖2略示一電化學電池50有一 ’089號專利中所揭示型式之電池上檢測計60,並且其包含 至少一吸濕性组件(未示),有一本發明之薄膜多層濕氣 -11 - (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)
J "- ,1T' 本紙浪尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) Λ4規格(210X297公釐) 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明(10) 屏障70配置在檢測計上面,及藉密封劑62密封至金屬電池 谷器52之外侧,並有塑膠標簽包在電池周固及配置在檢測 計,密封及濕氣屏障上面。檢測計6〇约爲1〇密耳厚,並藉 圖中所未示之裝置附著至正端子54及負端子56。如,〇89號 專利中所揭示,檢測計60例如包含一種無施受性有機電解 質,諸如以容積計,乙烯碳酸醋:丙埽碳酸g旨:衆偏二氟 乙烯之溶劑混合物爲2.4 : 2.4 : 5.2份中之0.5M三氟甲燒 磺酸鋰,其爲很具有吸濕性。密封劑材料例如爲在
Piscataway,N.J.之Huls, Inc.以Vestoplast V3645所供 應之馬來酑改良衆丁烯彈性體。標簽爲一pvc薄膜包在電 池及濕氣屏障/檢測計/密封劑周圍,然後並熱收縮。事 實上,爲供用作供電化學電池上之電池上檢測計,諸如上 引諸專利中所揭示電池上標簽檢測計之濕氣屏障,濕氣屏 障之總厚度,包括基片’不大於約一又二分之一密耳,較 佳爲约在25微米以内_。 在圖2 ,中所例示之實施例,本發明之濕氣屏障1〇包含一 厚一密耳之聚乙烯環烷酸醋作爲基片,如國i中所例示之 十四交替層無機材料及有機材料已敷著於其上,以產生一 濕氣屏障,1.3密耳厚,並且在二十四小時期間根據下述 程序所測量,濕氣蒸氣傳輸速率少於5微克水/平方吋表 面積。七無機層均爲500埃厚防水玻璃層,具有約350¾之 比較低熔化溫度,其每一層均藉噴溅予以敷著。七有機層 各爲一氣化,二仲苯二甲基衆合物,一微米厚,每層藉一 氣化’二仲苯二甲基聚合物汽相聚合至每層喷錢玻璃而敷 . -12 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) Λ4規格(210X297公釐) (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)
A7 五、發明説明(n ) 著於玻璃層上。如圖1中所例示,敷著至基片之第-層爲 破璃’而最後或第十四層爲衆合物。因此,每一玻填層之 兩面均以一層有機材料覆蓋,其一爲一氣化,二仲苯二甲 基聚合物,其另一爲基片。 將一條〇.25叶宽及3密耳厚並且含70重量%噻吩垸之無 水衆偏二氣乙稀,連同一種無施受性有機電解質,諸如以 容積計’乙稀碳酸睹:丙烯破酸醋:衆偏二氟乙烯之溶劑 混合物爲2.4 : 2.4 : 5.2份中之很具有吸濕性之〇.5M三氟 甲统續酸趣置放至0.5密耳厚鋁箔,其上施加1吋寬及17 H*長麵形之本發明之濕氣屏障,藉2 5密耳厚密封劑密封 至H如_ 2中概括所示,藉以測量多層濕氣屏障之水 滲透。密封爲馬來酑改良聚丁烯彈性鱧。在密封手套箱中之無 水狀況下完成此组合件。然後使如此所形成之疊片保持在 60C及1刪相對濕度—遇時間,在此以後除去包含衆偏二 氟乙烯條之D塞吩垸,並藉Karl Fischer滴定法分析水份含 量。此爲斧以下之實例中所提及及使用之檢測方法及檢測 狀沉。本發明之濕氣屏障,在二十四小時期間,根據此檢 洌程序及狀況所測量,將具有低於15,較佳爲低於5,更 佳爲低於2微克水/平方吋表面積之濕氣蒸汽傳輸速率。 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 1-r--.-----^ 冰 II (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 在製作可用作供電池上檢測計之濕氣屏障之本發明之多 層薄膜複合物時,將諸層敷著在一撓性基片上,諸如呈帶 ,條或幅片形式,或其他適當基片材料之撓性衆合物薄膜 。基片無需爲撓性,惟在製作供用作濕氣屏障之本發明之 多層複合物時,以撓性基片爲較佳,以便在屏障之製造過 本紙張尺度通财關家轉(CNS) A4規格(2丨--—-- 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 Α7 Β7 五、發明説明(12 ) 程中及其施加至電池時,經得起弩曲。敷著至基片之第_ 層通常爲無機層,惟如希望,可施加有機材料作爲第一層 。意在作爲本發明之方法之例證性而非限制性實例,將第 一層無機材料敷著於基片上,並將第一層有機材料敷著於 第一層無機付料上面β然後將第二層無機材料敷著於第— 層有機材料上面。在此以後,將第二層有機材料敷著於第 二層無機材料上面。然後將第三層無機材料敷著於第二層 有機材料上面,及將第三層有機材料敷著於第三層無機材 料上面。重複此種交替層敷著,直到如圖1中所示,已獲 致所希望之層數,雖然圖1例示總數爲十四層或七層對, 但實際之層數將依應用及所使用之材料而定,並且就最廣 義而言,可使用本發明之複合物供作爲濕氣屏障以外之其 他應用,且層數可爲四層至超過一百層不等。 無機層爲一種固體無機化合物諸如氧化物,氮化物,碳 化物,磷化物或磷酸鹽等,及選自基本上爲金屬,梦,蝴 ’砷及其丨晃合物之至少一種元素之此等化合物之混合物。 在一種實施例,無機材料爲發。例如,無機化合物將爲氮 化物’磷化物,磷酸鹽,氡化物,碳化物,由氧化物,用 酸鹽,矽酸鹽,鎢酸鹽等及其混合物。無機層爲無城化合 物之混合物之實施例,其一種例證性但非限制性實例爲防 濕玻璃,包含一種藉PVD噴濺法所施加之錫-鉛-磷-氟氧化 物。可配合例證性但非限制性實例使用之其他防濕组成, 包括蝴-磷-矽酸鹽,矽酸鹽,磷酸鹽,坤酸鹽,釩酸鹽, 鈮酸鹽,钽酸鹽,鎢酸鹽,硼矽酸鹽,鋁矽酸鹽, 本紙張尺度適用中國國家樣準(CNS〉Α4規格(210x297公釐) (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)
經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印裝 本紙乐尺度適用中國國豕標準(CNS ) Λ4規格(210X297公釐) A7 ---—-----^__— 五、發明翻(13) " calchoginide玻璃諸如硫化物,硒化物,碲化物等。在另 —實施例,其爲一種氮化物諸如無定形氮化矽或任何適當 金屬氮化物,一種單氧化物諸如SiOx , A1 2 〇3 , Nb2 〇5 ’或一種化合物諸如Si X NY 〇z,或者一種或多種中間金 屬化合物等。爲供用於供根據本發明之電池上檢測計之濕 乳屏障’無機層在存在有済、氣時穩定,並且具有若干程度 之撓性,俾使多層複合物能撓曲,而不使無機層破裂,並 從而減低複合物作爲濕氣屏障之有效性。在濕氣屏障應用 ’無機化合物爲不可水溶,意爲其具有在251〇小於1 X 1〇-4 克/平方厘米/分鐘,較佳爲在25·〇小於IX 1〇~5克/平 方厘米/分鐘,更佳爲在25·〇小於lx ΙΟ 6克/平方厘米 /分鐘之水溶解速率。有機層爲一種固體,並且最通常爲 —種聚合材料。依複合物之用途及其在使用時所處之環境 而定,衆合材料爲無定形或結晶,彈性,交聯或不交聯等 。在若干適當有機材料之實例,作爲例證性但非限制性實 例,包括微晶蠟,縮合芳烴,聚烯烴,聚氣乙烯及其共衆 物,聚二甲苯含氟聚合物及共聚物,彈性體,聚亞胺,聚 醢胺,環氧樹脂,衆醏,衆醚,衆碳酸酯,由化衆合物等 。在本發明之實施上也可使用由代衆合物,包括氟袍碳衆 合物。丙烯系衆合物可用於實施本發明,特别是具有至少 六個碳原子之烴鏠之丙烯系聚合物,諸如由(諸)單體包括 已取三甲丙埽酯及/或丙己酯等之反應所形成之丙烯系化 合物。可用於實施本發明之非聚合固體有機材料,例如包 括硬脂酸甲S旨,硬脂酸及類似者。爲供用於濕氣屏障,有 -15 - ------- ^ϋ - -%- am n ft· 111 ml ^I t (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂 r A7 Β7 五、發明説明(14) 機材料較佳爲在潮濕環境疏水,穩定,並且對濕氣或水蒸 汽具有可能低之滲透性。對於濕氣屏障應用,如藉見於 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, 1994年,15.09卷之 ASTM F 372-78所測量,有機材料層具有透濕性在100卞及 90%相對濕度小於20克-密耳/100平方吋-24小時,較佳爲 小於10克-密耳/1〇〇平方吋-24小時,更佳爲小於1克-密 耳/100平方叶-24小時。如精於此項技藝者將會察知,依 希望之複合物特性,有機層之性質及所使用之敷著法而定 ,有機層係藉澆流塗布,凝縮,單體或預聚合物之反應, PVD諸如喷濺,CVD,及以上所概括提及之任何其他方法予 以敷著。 請參照以下之實例,將會更瞭解本發明,在所有諸實例 中,濕氣屏障座爲可透光。 實例 實例1 在此實$中,衆乙烯環垸酸醏(Kalodex)之1密耳厚薄 膜爲基片,並在1.5毫托之氬氣中噴濺塗布防濕玻璃,以 在薄膜上形成500埃厚玻璃層。玻璃之熔點約爲350¾,並 經濟部中央樣準局員工消費合作社印製 —„---.-----^:农— (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 爲在500·〇使具有比例爲32 : 37 ·· 8 : 23之组成SnO : SnF 2 :PbO : P2 〇5之批料熔化30分鐘所製備而成。在此以後 ,將固體一氣化二仲苯二甲基二聚物(Union Carbide之 Parylene C)加熱至約16(TC,使二聚物汽化,使蒸汽通過 熱管,以使二聚物在約6〇〇·〇分裂爲單體,並將如此所形 成之單體傳入壓力爲20托及溫度約爲30*0之眞空室内,單 -16 ~ 本紙張尺度通用中國國家標準(CNS) M規格(21〇Χ297公酱) 經濟部中央橾準局員工消费合作社印裝 A7 B7 五、發明説明(15 ) 體在其内在玻璃塗布之基片上在原位置凝縮及衆合,以直 接在坡璃層上形成1微米厚衆合物層或塗層,而藉以將玻 璃層塗布1微米厚層之一氣化二仲苯二甲基衆合物。此聚 合物爲一種線性,未交聯,主要爲烴型之衆合物。重複此 交替層敷著過程再二次,以在基片上形成六交替層之玻璃 及聚合物(3層玻璃及3層聚合物),並且如以上在"詳 細説明"中提及之檢測方法所確定,如此所形成之薄膜多 層濕氣屏障具有水蒸汽傳輸速率在24小時期間爲52微克水 /平方吋表面積。 實例2 重複實例1,但有總數爲十交替層(5層破璃及5層衆 合物)之玻璃及聚合物敷著在基片上,以形成如以上在 '詳細説明·•中提及之檢測方法所確定,具有水蒸汽傳輸速 率在24小時期間爲24微克水/平方吋表面積之濕氣屏障。 實例3 再次重声實例1,但有十四交替層之玻璃及衆合物(7 層玻璃及7層聚合物),以形成如圈1中所例示如以上 在”詳知説明"中提及之檢測方法所確定,具有水蒸汽傳輪 速率在24小時期間爲4.7微克水/平方吋表面積之濕氣屏 障。 實例4 在此實例,聚乙烯環燒酸醋(Kalodex)之1密耳厚薄膜 爲基片,並在1·5毫托之氬氣中予以RF磁控管嘴'歲塗布_ 氧化矽,以形成一約500埃厚之SiOx層或塗層。Si〇 塗 -17 - 本紙张尺度逋用中國國家榡準(CNS > A4规格(210x297公釐) (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 装· A7 B7 五、發明説明(16) 布之基片然後在含三乙烯甲基矽烷粘附作用促進劑及
Cyracure 6974 (三芳基琉鹽)UV引發劑之MIBK中浸塗至 乙烯醚單體(Aliie(j-signai之Vectomer)溶液。使濕塗布 之複合物暴露至UV輻射數秒鐘,並固化爲3微米厚之乾 燥衆乙婦謎塗層。重複此交替層敷著程序再六次 ,以如圈 1中所例示,在基片上形成14交替層(7層以(^及7層 聚合物)’產生2密耳厚透明濕氣屏障,其使用實例1中 之檢測程序予以檢測,並且如以上在"詳細説明"中提及之 檢測方法所確定,具有水蒸汽傳輸速率在24小期間爲21微 克水/平方吋表面積。 實例5 在此實例中,聚乙烯環垸酸醏(Kal〇dex)之1密耳薄膜 爲基片’並在1.5毫托之氬氣中予以RF磁控管喷濺塗布實 例1之玻璃,以在薄膜上形成5〇〇埃厚之玻璃層。在此以 後,如以上在實例4中所迷,以i微米厚層之聚乙烯醚 (Allied-Signal之Vectomer 40105F)喷濺塗布玻璃層。重 複此交替層敷著過程再六次,以如圖i中所例示在基片 上形成具有十四交替層之玻璃及衆乙烯醚(7層玻璃及7 層聚乙烯醚),並且濕氣屏障如以上在"詳細説明"+提及 之檢測方法所確定,具有水蒸汽傳輸速率在24小時期間爲 28微克水/平方叶表面積。 實例6 在此實例中,聚乙烯環垸酸酯(Kaiodeyi】密耳薄膜 爲基片,並在1.5毫托之氬氣中予以rf磁控管喷濺塗布實 本紙張尺度適财目@家標準(CNS ),\4祕(21GX297公釐7 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本1)
經濟部中央樣準局員工消費合作社印製 30S531 經濟部中央橾準局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明(17 ) 例1之玻璃,以在薄膜上形成500埃厚之玻璃層。在此以 後,以1微米厚層之衆氣三氟乙烯(Allied-Signa丨之 Aclar) RF磁控管喷濺塗布玻璃層。重複此交替層敷著過 程再六次’以如在圖1中所示,在基片上形成具有十四交 替層之玻璃及聚乙烯醚(7層玻璃及7層聚乙烯醚),並 且濕氣屏障如以上在"詳細説明"中提及之檢測方法所確定 ,具有水蒸汽傳輸速率在24小時期間爲28微克水/平方对 表面積。 實例7 在此實例中,聚乙烯環垸酸酯(Kalodex)之1密耳薄膜 爲基片,並在1.5毫把之氬氣中予以rf磁控管喷濺塗布氮 化矽,以形成約500埃厚之無定形氮化矽層或塗層。然後 將ΠΤΕ RF磁控管喷濺至氮化矽層,以形成一微米厚之 PTFE層。重複此過程一次,以在基片上形成一包含四交替 層之無定形氮化矽及PTEF ( 2層氮化矽及2層PTEF)之薄 膜多層濕,屏障,其如以上在"詳細説明1中提及之檢測方 法所確定,具有水蒸汽傳輪速率在24小時期間爲28微克水 /平方吋表面積。 實例8 在此實例中,衆乙烯環烷酸酯(Kal〇dex)之1密耳薄膜 爲基片,並在1.5毫托之氬氣中在一面予以RF磁控管喷濺 塗布500埃厚塗層之無定形氮化矽。在此以後,將固體一 氣化一仲笨二甲基二衆物(Union Carbide之Parylene C) 加熱至溫度約A160-c,以使二衆物汽化,使蒸汽通過熱 -19 - 本紙張尺度適用巾)祕見格(公着 ---- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)
經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明(18 ) 管’以使二聚物在約600eC分裂爲單體,並將如此所形成 之單體傳入壓力爲20托及溫度約爲30eC之眞空室内,單鱧 在其内在玻璃塗布之基片上在原位置凝缩及聚合,以直接 在玻璃層上形成1微米厚衆合物層或塗層,而藉以將氮化 石夕層塗布1微米厚層之一氣化二仲苯二甲基聚合。此聚合 物爲一種線性,未交聯,主要爲烴型之衆合物。重複此交 替層敷著過程再三次,以在基片上形成八交替層之氮化矽 及聚合物(4層氮化矽及4層衆合物 >,並且如以上在 '詳細説明”中提及之檢測方法所確定,如此所形成之薄膜 多層濕氣屏障具有水蒸汽傳輸速率在24小時期間爲52微克 水/平方吋表面積。
比較實例A 在此實例中,聚·乙歸環燒酸醋(Kalodex)之1密耳厚薄 膜爲基片’並在1.5毫托之氬氣中予以rf磁控管嗔塗布二 氧化碳,以形成約500埃厚之SiOx層或塗層。然後將1微 米厚之一,PTFE RF磁控管喷濺至SiOx。重複此交替層敷 著過程再四次,以在基片上形成一包含十交替層Si〇x及 PTFE(5層SiOx及5層PTFE)之複合物濕氣屏障,並且如 以上在"詳細説明"中提及之檢測方法所確定,濕氣j障具 有水蒸汽傳輸速率在24小時期間爲570微克水/平方叶表' 面積。.
比較實例R 在此實例中,聚乙烯環垸酸醏(kalodex)之1密耳厚薄 膜爲基片’並在1.5毫托之氬氣中予以RF磁控管嘴錢塗布 本紙张尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) Λ4現格(210X297公釐 |_r——:-----^ 衣------ΐτ·------^ (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) A7 A7 <所有特色及實施 五、發明説明(19) -氧化碎’以形成約5⑽埃厚之训\層或塗看。然後藉甲 烧之等離子加強CVD將一層】微米厚之交聯衆乙婦喷滅至 Si〇x 1複此交替層敷著過程再四次以在基片上形成 -包括t ( 5層Si〇x及5層衆己婦)交替層di〇x及衆 乙婦之·'膜多層濕氣屏障,其如以上在„詳細説明中提及 之Πί所確定具有水蒸汽傳輸速率在24小時爲340 微克水/平方吋表面積。 請予瞭解’精^此項技藝者將會明白及可容易作成本發 明實施上=各種其他實施例及修改,而不偏離以上所揭示 本發明之範圍及精神。因之,後附申請專利範園之範团不 所闞迷之説明’而是申請專利範固闡釋爲包 3:在:本發明之可專利靳穎部份之所有特色,包括精於 本發明有關技藝者所將處理作爲同等者$ 例 I- I— n It - - I n n 1 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) .17 經濟部中夬標率局員工消費合作社印製 21 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家榡率(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐)
Claims (1)
- 8 88 8 ABCD ^03531 六、申請專利範圍 & 池有一濕氣敏感電池狀況檢測計及一可透 姑、其中該濕氣屏障包含—在衆合物基片上之 ^ ,複合物包含數交替層之一種選自至少一無機 合物類組之不可水溶無機材料及二種 層之厚I範甜付料,其中諸無機化合物層及有機化合物 範固分别約在1〇〇至1〇〇〇〇及約在ι〇〇埃 至5微米之間。 2:種可透光多層複合物,包含數交替層之―種選自至少 無機化。物’ 其混合物類组之不可水溶無機材料 及種不可水溶有機材料,其中諸無機化合物層及有機 化。物層之厚度乾圍分别約在⑽至lQ,_埃之間及約 在100埃至5微米之間。 3. -種非巧,可透光多層薄膜複合物之製法該複合物 包含數又替層之一種選自至少—無機化合物,石夕及其混 合物類组之不可水溶無機材料及一種不可水溶有機材料 ,其中_無機化合物層及有機化合物層之厚度範圍分别 約在100至10,〇〇〇埃之間及约在100埃至5微米之間該 製法包含將第一層上述無機材料敷著在一基片上,然後 將第一層固雜有機材料敷著在第一無機材料層上,’繼之 將第二層上述固體無機材料敷著至上述第一層有機材料 ,然後將第二層上述有機材料敷著於上述第二層無機材 料。 4. 根據申請專利範園第3項之方法,其中重複上述交替層 敷著,直到獲致希望之層數。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210X297公釐) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本貰)經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印裝
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1995
- 1995-01-23 US US08/376,274 patent/US5607789A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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1996
- 1996-01-01 IL IL11663996A patent/IL116639A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-01-16 AR ARP960101036A patent/AR000729A1/es unknown
- 1996-01-22 AU AU48572/96A patent/AU691092B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1996-01-22 WO PCT/US1996/000684 patent/WO1996023217A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1996-01-22 JP JP8522931A patent/JPH10513003A/ja active Pending
- 1996-01-22 RU RU97114135A patent/RU2142626C1/ru active
- 1996-01-22 EP EP96904475A patent/EP0820588B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-01-22 KR KR1019970704956A patent/KR19980701565A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1996-01-22 CA CA002210232A patent/CA2210232C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-01-22 MX MX9705538A patent/MX9705538A/es unknown
- 1996-01-22 CN CN96192245A patent/CN1106575C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-01-22 DE DE69636718T patent/DE69636718T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1996-01-22 BR BR9606781A patent/BR9606781A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-01-22 NZ NZ302500A patent/NZ302500A/en unknown
- 1996-01-22 PL PL96321474A patent/PL180653B1/pl unknown
- 1996-01-22 CZ CZ972211A patent/CZ221197A3/cs unknown
- 1996-01-22 AT AT96904475T patent/ATE346291T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1996-04-19 TW TW085104659A patent/TW303531B/zh active
- 1996-08-08 US US08/695,092 patent/US5681666A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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1997
- 1997-07-14 IS IS4524A patent/IS4524A/is unknown
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AU691092B2 (en) | 1998-05-07 |
EP0820588B1 (en) | 2006-11-22 |
ATE346291T1 (de) | 2006-12-15 |
EP0820588A1 (en) | 1998-01-28 |
CA2210232C (en) | 2001-05-29 |
MX9705538A (es) | 1998-02-28 |
NZ302500A (en) | 1998-07-28 |
DE69636718T2 (de) | 2007-09-20 |
PL180653B1 (pl) | 2001-03-30 |
IS4524A (is) | 1997-07-14 |
WO1996023217A1 (en) | 1996-08-01 |
JPH10513003A (ja) | 1998-12-08 |
RU2142626C1 (ru) | 1999-12-10 |
PL321474A1 (en) | 1997-12-08 |
NO973379L (no) | 1997-09-12 |
IL116639A (en) | 1998-10-30 |
KR19980701565A (ko) | 1998-05-15 |
CN1106575C (zh) | 2003-04-23 |
BR9606781A (pt) | 1997-12-30 |
CN1176695A (zh) | 1998-03-18 |
US5681666A (en) | 1997-10-28 |
AR000729A1 (es) | 1997-08-06 |
CZ221197A3 (cs) | 1998-04-15 |
DE69636718D1 (de) | 2007-01-04 |
EP0820588A4 (en) | 1999-07-28 |
US5607789A (en) | 1997-03-04 |
AU4857296A (en) | 1996-08-14 |
IL116639A0 (en) | 1996-05-14 |
CA2210232A1 (en) | 1996-08-01 |
BG101818A (en) | 1998-04-30 |
NO973379D0 (no) | 1997-07-22 |
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