TW202144482A - 樹脂組合物,使用該樹脂組合物所製得之預浸漬片、金屬箔積層板及印刷電路板 - Google Patents
樹脂組合物,使用該樹脂組合物所製得之預浸漬片、金屬箔積層板及印刷電路板 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本發明係關於一種樹脂組合物,特別是關於一種低介電樹脂組合物。本發明樹脂組合物可與補強材構成複合材料或預浸漬片(prepreg),或可作為金屬箔的接著劑,製備背膠銅箔(resin-coated copper,RCC)、金屬箔積層板(metal-clad laminate)、印刷電路板(printed circuit board,PCB)等。
本發明樹脂組合物因具有優異的性質,例如良好的電性 (low Dk、low Df)、銅箔接著力(抗撕性(peeling))及耐熱性,故特別適合作為高頻領域的電子材料,尤其能滿足第五代行動通訊(5G)、進階駕駛人輔助系統 (ADAS)、人工智慧(AI)等先進應用對高階材料之需求。
隨著電子產品的應用逐漸進入高頻領域,信號傳輸高頻及高速化、電子元件小型化、基板線路高密度化,對電子材料的特性要求也隨之提升。傳統以環氧樹脂作為主要成份的樹脂組合物難以滿足需求,取而代之的是以聚苯醚(Polypheylene ether,PPE)作為主要成份的樹脂組合物。例如,在美國專利US 6,352,782 B2(申請人:奇異公司(General Electric,GE))中,揭露一種熱固性聚苯醚樹脂組合物,其包含末端改質之不飽和官能基型聚苯醚樹脂(mPPE)、可交聯之不飽和單體化合物。該文獻中以三烯丙基異氰酸酯(Triallyl isocyanurate,TAIC)作為單體交聯劑,與丙烯酸酯基末端改質聚苯醚共同構成熱固性組合物,實現了高頻電性良好、耐熱性高的聚苯醚組合物。另外,中國專利CN 105358595 B(申請人:松下知識產權)中,揭露一種可應用於百萬赫(MHz)至十億赫(GHz)頻段的熱固性樹脂組合物,其包含:(A)末端改質之不飽和官能基型聚苯醚樹脂 (mPPE),以及(B)由二乙烯基苯(di-vinyl benzene,DVB)及聚丁二烯(polybutadiene)共同構成的不飽和官能基型交聯劑。該文獻以DVB化合物取代常用的三烯丙基異氰酸酯(TAIC)交聯劑,且導入聚丁二烯 (polybutadiene)作為橡膠高分子,從而進一步改善mPPE組合物的電性。
然而,在樹脂組合物中使用業界俗稱為「彈性體(elastomer)」或「橡膠 (rubber)」的聚丁二烯或苯乙烯/丁二烯共聚物等材料雖然可以改善電性,但彈性體在樹脂組合物中的相容性問題一直存在,而經常在樹脂組合物中發生彈性體與膠水(varnish)整體相分離(phase separation)的狀況,影響基板製品特性,例如抗撕性不佳。
此外,PPE樹脂的電性仍有其極限,因此,若能夠在樹脂組合物中,以一種極性更低的材料部分地或完全取代PPE樹脂,則將有機會進一步改善電性,達到極低的Dk/Df。
本發明之目的在於解決彈性體材料在樹脂組合物中的相容性問題,並提供一種兼具良好電性、抗撕性等諸多性質的樹脂組合物,特別是以適用於5G應用為前提。
有鑑於此,經本案發明人戮力研究後,終發現藉由以適當配比使用一種具特定結構之化合物與彈性體,所得到的樹脂組合物能夠達成前述目的。本發明樹脂組合物除具有良好的電性、耐熱性以外,亦具有優異的銅箔接著力。
因此,本發明之一目的在於提供一種樹脂組合物,其係包含:
(A)具有式(I)結構之化合物,式(I),
其中,R1
為一有機基團;以及
(B)含乙烯基之彈性體,
其中,該式(I)結構之化合物與該含乙烯基之彈性體之重量比為20:1至1:1。
於本發明之部分實施態樣中,該式(I)結構之化合物與該含乙烯基之彈性體之重量比為20:1至5:1。
於本發明之部分實施態樣中,該樹脂組合物更包含:
(C)由下式(II)所示之具有不飽和官能基的聚苯醚樹脂,式(II),
其中,
R31
、R32
、R33
、R34
各自獨立為氫、或經取代或未經取代之C1至C5烷基;
m與n各自獨立為0至100的整數,但m與n不同時為0;
Z為不存在、芳基、-O-、、、、、或,其中R35
、R36
各自獨立為氫或C1至C12烷基;
X與Y各自獨立為不存在、羰基、或具有烯基之基團;以及
A1
與A2
各自獨立為、、、、、或,
其中該具有不飽和官能基的聚苯醚樹脂之重量係大於該含乙烯基之彈性體之重量。
於本發明之部分實施態樣中,該含乙烯基之彈性體係選自以下群組:聚丁二烯、苯乙烯-丁二烯共聚物、苯乙烯-丁二烯-二乙烯基苯共聚物、聚異戊二烯、苯乙烯-異戊二烯共聚物、丙烯腈-丁二烯共聚物、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物、前述之官能化改質衍生物、及其組合。
於本發明之部分實施態樣中,該樹脂組合物更包含選自以下群組之交聯劑:多官能型烯丙基化合物(polyfunctional allylic compounds)、多官能型丙烯酸酯化合物(polyfunctional acrylates)、多官能型丙烯醯胺化合物(polyfunctional acrylamides)、多官能型苯乙烯化合物(polyfunctional styrenic compounds)、雙馬來醯亞胺化合物(bismaleimide compounds)、及其組合。
於本發明之部分實施態樣中,該樹脂組合物更包含選自以下群組之阻燃劑:四溴雙酚A(tetrabromobisphenol A)、十溴二苯基氧化物(decabromodiphenyloxide)、十溴化二苯基乙烷(decabrominated diphenyl ethane)、1,2-二(三溴苯基)乙烷(1,2-bis(tribromophenyl) ethane)、溴化環氧寡聚物(brominated epoxy oligomer)、八溴三甲基苯基茚(octabromotrimethylphenyl indane)、二(2,3-二溴丙醚)(bis(2,3-dibromopropyl ether))、三(三溴苯基)三嗪(tris(tribromophenyl) triazine)、溴化脂肪烴(brominated aliphatic hydrocarbon)、溴化芳香烴(brominated aromatic hydrocarbon)、次磷酸金屬鹽(phosphinate)、聚磷酸鹽 (polyphosphate)、鏻鹽(phosphonium salt)、磷酸酯(phosphate ester)、磷腈(phosphazene)、亞磷酸酯(phosphite ester)、膦氧化物(phosphine oxide)、及其組合。
於本發明之部分實施態樣中,該樹脂組合物更包含自由基起始劑。
於本發明之部分實施態樣中,該樹脂組合物更包含選自以下群組之填料:二氧化矽(如球型、熔融態(fused)、非熔融態、多孔質或中空型二氧化矽)、氧化鋁、氫氧化鋁、氧化鎂、氫氧化鎂、碳酸鈣、滑石、黏土、氮化鋁、氮化硼、氮化矽、碳化鋁矽、碳化矽、碳酸鈉、碳酸鎂、二氧化鈦、氧化鋅、氧化鋯、石英、鑽石粉、類鑽石粉、石墨、石墨烯、鈦酸鉀、鈦酸鍶、鈦酸鋇、陶瓷纖維、鉬酸鋅、鉬酸銨、硼酸鋅、磷酸鈣、煅燒高嶺土、白嶺土、雲母、勃姆石、水滑石、奈米碳管、聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)粉體、中空玻璃珠、及其組合。
本發明之另一目的在於提供一種預浸漬片,其係將一基材含浸或塗佈如上所述之樹脂組合物,並乾燥該經含浸或塗佈之基材而製得。
本發明之又一目的在於提供一種金屬箔積層板,其係藉由將如上所述之預浸漬片與金屬箔加以層合而製得,或係藉由將如上所述之樹脂組合物塗佈於金屬箔並乾燥該經塗佈之金屬箔而製得。
本發明之再一目的在於提供一種印刷電路板,其係由如上所述之金屬箔積層板所製得。
為使本發明之上述目的、技術特徵及優點能更明顯易懂,下文係以部分具體實施態樣進行詳細說明。
以下將具體地描述根據本發明之部分具體實施態樣;惟,在不背離本發明之精神下,本發明尚可以多種不同形式之態樣來實踐,不應將本發明保護範圍解釋為限於說明書所陳述者。
除非文中有另外說明,於本說明書中(尤其是在後述專利申請範圍中)所使用之「一」、「該」及類似用語應理解為包含單數及複數形式。
除非文中有另外說明,於本說明書中描述溶液、混合物、組合物、或膠水中所含之成分時,係以固含量(dry weight)計算,即,未納入溶劑之重量。
除非文中有另外說明,於本說明書中提及「浸漬(impregnate)」作為一技術手段時,應理解,該技術手段包括含浸(dip)、塗佈(coat)、噴塗(spray)或其它具有實質上相同功能效果的技術手段。
本發明藉由以適當配比使用一種具特定結構之化合物與彈性體,能夠解決彈性體材料在樹脂組合物中的相容性問題,所得之樹脂組合物除具有良好的電性、耐熱性以外,亦具有優異的銅箔接著力。茲以部分實施態樣說明本發明相關技術特徵及功效如下。
1.
樹脂組合物
本發明樹脂組合物係包含(A)具有式(I)結構之化合物及(B)含乙烯基之彈性體作為必要成分,以及其他視需要之選用成分。各成分之詳細說明如下。
1.1.
(
A
)具有式(
I
)結構之化合物
具有式(I)結構之化合物如下:式(I),
其中,R1
為一有機基團,其具體實例包括但不限於3,3'-二甲基-5,5'-二乙基-4,4'-二苯甲烷基(即,)、4-甲基-1,3-伸苯基(即,)、雙酚A二苯醚基(即,)、、4,4'-二苯甲烷基(即,)、間伸苯基(即,)、伸甲基(即,-CH2
-)、或(2,2,4-三甲基)伸己基(即,),其中k為1至5之整數。
該式(I)結構化合物具有高度非極性(highly non-polar)結構,能夠為組合物帶來良好的電性(較低的Dk值及Df值),達到低介電的效果。另外,該化合物具有可供交聯反應的不飽和官能基(即雙鍵),故可透過習知的熱能(thermal)或過氧化物(peroxide)催化機制,來促進交聯反應而達到熱固化(thermoset)目的,亦可與習知具有不飽和官能基的交聯劑共反應,例如與含乙烯基之化合物、含烯丙基之化合物、改質PPE(如烯丙基改質PPE)等交聯劑共反應。
式(I)結構之化合物為一種末端乙烯基化的雙馬來醯亞胺(bismaleimide,BMI)衍生物,其可藉由將雙馬來醯亞胺(BMI)化合物官能化來製備,所述雙馬來醯亞胺化合物係指具有結構之化合物,其中R1
具有前文之定義。舉例言之,式(I)結構之化合物可藉由如下方法來製備:首先,如下反應式所示,使「乙烯基芐基(vinylbenzyl,VB)(例如,乙烯基芐基氯)」與「環戊二烯(cyclopentadiene,CPD)」進行反應,得到經4-乙烯基芐基取代之環戊二烯(VB-CPD)。+→
然後,使VB-CPD與雙馬來醯亞胺化合物進行反應,即得到式(I)結構之末端乙烯基化雙馬來醯亞胺衍生物。有關式(I)結構之化合物之製備的具體實例,可參照下文所提供之合成例。
1.2.
(
B
)含乙烯基之彈性體
含乙烯基之彈性體可視為具有交聯作用的增塑劑,利用其乙烯基的雙鍵與樹脂組合物中的不飽和官能基進行反應形成鍵結,可使樹脂組合物固化後所製電子材料具有較佳韌性及較低的Dk值與Df值。
一般而言,含乙烯基之彈性體係由具有碳-碳不飽和鍵之單體聚合而形成,且聚合物之分子主鏈上、支鏈上或末端基團存在有懸掛乙烯基(pendent vinyl),其中懸掛乙烯基的含量(pendent vinyl content)通常以莫耳百分比表示,以乙烯基之總莫耳數計,較佳為大於10莫耳%,更佳為大於50莫耳%,例如55莫耳%、60莫耳%、65莫耳%、或70莫耳%。
含乙烯基之彈性體可例舉由共軛二烯類(conjugated-diene)單體化合物所聚合而成之同元聚合物以及由共軛二烯類單體化合物與其他單體共聚而成之共聚物,所述共聚物可為無規共聚物或嵌段共聚物。此外,含乙烯基之彈性體在室溫下可為液體或固體,其Mw可為200至100,000,較佳為1000至5000,更佳為1000至3000,例如1500、2000、或2500。共軛二烯類單體化合物之實例包括丁二烯及異戊二烯,且其他單體之實例包括苯乙烯及馬來酸酐。
含乙烯基之彈性體的具體實例包括但不限於聚丁二烯、苯乙烯-丁二烯共聚物(包含無規共聚物及嵌段共聚物)、苯乙烯-丁二烯-二乙烯基苯共聚物、聚異戊二烯、苯乙烯-異戊二烯共聚物(包含無規共聚物及嵌段共聚物)、丙烯腈-丁二烯共聚物、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(如嵌段共聚物)、前述之官能化改質衍生物、及其組合。各該含乙烯基之彈性體可單獨使用或任意組合使用。
商業上可購得之含乙烯基之彈性體包括可購自克雷威利(Cray Valley)之型號為Ricon 100、Ricon 181、Ricon 184、Ricon 104H、Ricon 250、Ricon 257、Ricon 157、Ricon 130、Ricon 130MA(馬來酸酐改質)、Ricon 184MA(馬來酸酐改質)的產品,可購自日本曹達(Nippon Soda)之型號為B3000產品,以及可購自殼牌石油(Shell Oil)之型號為Kraton DX1300產品。
於本發明中,含乙烯基之彈性體需以特定比例添加,若含乙烯基之彈性體過多,則會因彈性體與式(I)結構之化合物間的相容性變差,組合物會出現相分離現象;反之,若含乙烯基之彈性體過少,則彈性體作為增塑劑的效果難以顯現,且電性無法改善(Dk與Df無法降低)。於本發明部分實施態樣中,式(I)結構之化合物與含乙烯基之彈性體之重量比例(A:B)較佳為20:1 至 5:1,例如20:1、19:1、18:1、17:1、16:1、15:1、14:1、13:1、12:1、11:1、10:1、9:1、8:1、7:1、6:1、5:1。於本發明另一部分實施態樣中,樹脂組合物包含下文所述之(C)具有不飽和官能基的聚苯醚樹脂,該具有不飽和官能基的聚苯醚樹脂之重量係大於含乙烯基之彈性體之重量,且式(I)結構之化合物與含乙烯基之彈性體之重量比例(A:B)可為20:1 至 1:1,例如20:1、19:1、18:1、17:1、16:1、15:1、14:1、13:1、12:1、11:1、10:1、9:1、8:1、7:1、6:1、5:1、4:1、3:1、11:4、2:1、3:2、1:1。
1.3.
其他視需要之選用成分
於本發明樹脂組合物中,可視需要進一步包含其他選用成分,例如下文將例舉說明之具有不飽和官能基的聚苯醚樹脂、交聯劑、阻燃劑、自由基起始劑、填料、及本領域所習知之添加劑,以適應性改良樹脂組合物在製造過程中的可加工性,或改良樹脂組合物所製電子材料之物化性質。本領域所習知之添加劑包括但不限於聚合引發劑及固化促進劑。
1.3.1.
(
C
)具有不飽和官能基的聚苯醚樹脂
本文中,聚苯醚樹脂係指在分子主鏈中至少具有重複單元且在末端具有不飽和官能基之樹脂,其中各R係各自獨立為氫或C1至C5的烷基,且v為1至100之整數。所述不飽和官能基係指能夠與其他具有不飽和官能基之成分發生加成聚合反應之基團,而所述加成聚合反應可於存在有聚合引發劑之情況下藉由光或熱而引發。不飽和官能基的實例包括但不限於乙烯基(vinyl)、乙烯苄基(vinyl benzyl)、烯丙基(allyl)、丙烯醯基(acryloyl)、丙烯酸酯基(acrylic)、及甲基丙烯酸酯基(methacrylic)。具有不飽和官能基之聚苯醚樹脂的實例包括但不限於含乙烯基之聚苯醚樹脂、含烯丙基之聚苯醚樹脂、含乙烯苄基之聚苯醚樹脂、含丙烯醯基之聚苯醚樹脂、含丙烯酸酯基之聚苯醚樹脂、及含甲基丙烯酸酯基之聚苯醚樹脂。各該具有不飽和官能基之聚苯醚樹脂可單獨使用或任意組合使用。
具有不飽和官能基之聚苯醚樹脂的製備方式並非本發明之技術重點,且乃本發明所屬技術領域具通常知識者基於本說明書之揭露與所具備之通常知識而進行者,於此不加贅述。相關製備方式可參照例如美國專利第US 6,995,195 B2號(乙烯苄基聚苯醚樹脂之製備)、美國專利第US 5,218,030 A號(烯丙基聚苯醚樹脂之製備)、美國專利第US 5,352,745 A號((甲基)丙烯酸酯基聚苯醚樹脂之製備)、美國專利第US 6,352,782 B2號(不飽和官能基聚苯醚樹脂之製備)、及美國專利申請案早期公開第US 2016/0280913 A1號(不飽和官能基聚苯醚樹脂之製備),該等文獻全文併於此以供參考。
具有不飽和官能基的聚苯醚樹脂之一較佳實施態樣為下式(II)所示之化合物:式(II)
於式(II)中,R31
、R32
、R33
、R34
各自獨立為氫、或經取代或未經取代之C1至C5烷基;m與n各自獨立為0至100的整數,但m與n不同時為0;Z為不存在、芳基、-O-、、、、、或,其中R35
、R36
各自獨立為氫或C1至C12烷基;X與Y各自獨立為不存在、羰基(carbonyl group)、或具有烯基之基團;以及A1
與A2
各自獨立為、、、、、或。
於本發明樹脂組合物中,具有不飽和官能基之聚苯醚樹脂(A)的重量平均分子量(weight average molecular weight,Mw)可為1000至50,000,較佳為1000至10,000,更佳為1000至5000,例如1500、2000、2500、3000、3500、4000、或4500。若聚苯醚樹脂之分子量大於上述範圍,則樹脂組合物的流動性、溶解度等性質可能變差,造成後續加工困難。反之,若聚苯醚樹脂之分子量低於上述範圍,則樹脂組合物的電性及熱安定性可能變差。
商業上可購得之具有不飽和官能基的聚苯醚樹脂之實例包括,例如三菱瓦斯化學公司的OPE-2ST、OPE-2EA產品,沙基工業(Sabic)的SA-9000產品,旭化成(Asahi)的PPE產品,晉一化工的聚苯醚樹脂產品。
於本發明部分實施態樣中,具有不飽和官能基的聚苯醚樹脂能夠改善含乙烯基之彈性體在樹脂組合物中的相容性。尤其,當具有不飽和官能基的聚苯醚樹脂的用量大於含乙烯基之彈性體的用量時,則式(I)化合物與含乙烯基之彈性體的用量比可為20:1 至 1:1,大幅增加了彈性體的可添加量。
1.3.2.
交聯劑
本發明樹脂組合物可視需要進一步包含交聯劑。於本文中,交聯劑係指具有不飽和官能基(雙鍵或三鍵)而能夠與前述式(I)結構之化合物、含乙烯基之彈性體、及視需要之具有不飽和官能基的聚苯醚樹脂發生交聯反應以形成立體網狀結構的成分。不飽和官能基交聯劑之種類並無特別限制,但較佳為與前述式(I)結構之化合物、含乙烯基之彈性體、及視需要之具有不飽和官能基的聚苯醚樹脂皆具有良好的相容性 (compatibility)者。不飽和官能基交聯劑可包含單官能型交聯劑(分子中僅一個不飽和官能基)與多官能型交聯劑(分子中具有二個以上的不飽和官能基)。於本發明中,較佳使用多官能型交聯劑,以使組合物具有更高的交聯密度。
多官能型交聯劑的實例包括但不限於多官能型烯丙基化合物、多官能型丙烯酸酯化合物、多官能型丙烯醯胺化合物、多官能型苯乙烯化合物、及雙馬來醯亞胺化合物。前述各多官能型交聯劑可單獨使用或任意組合使用。
多官能型烯丙基化合物係指含有至少二個烯丙基的化合物。多官能型烯丙基化合物的實例包括但不限於鄰苯二甲酸二烯丙酯(diallyl phthalate)、間苯二甲酸二烯丙酯(diallyl isophthalate)、苯三甲酸三烯丙酯(triallyl trimellitate)、三烯丙基均苯三甲酸酯(triallyl mesate)、三烯丙基異氰酸酯(triallyl isocyanurate,TAIC)、氰尿酸三烯丙酯(triallyl cyanurate,TAC)、及前述化合物之預聚物。
多官能型丙烯酸酯化合物係指含有至少二個丙烯酸酯基的化合物。多官能型丙烯酸酯化合物的實例包括但不限於三羥甲基丙烷三(甲基)丙烯酸酯(trimethylolpropane tri(meth)acrylate)、1,6-己二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯(1,6-hexanediol di(meth)acrylate)、二(甲基)丙烯酸乙二醇酯(ethyleneglycol di(meth)acrylate)、二(甲基)丙烯酸丙二醇酯(propyleneglycol di(meth)acrylate)、二(甲基)丙烯酸-1,3-丁二醇酯(1,3-butanediol di(meth)acrylate)、二(甲基)丙烯酸-1,4-丁二醇酯(1,4-butanediol di(meth)acrylate)、環己烷二甲醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯(cyclohexane dimethanol di(methyl)acrylate)、二(甲基)丙烯酸二乙二醇酯(diethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate)、二(甲基)丙烯酸三乙二醇酯(triethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate)、及含有前述化合物之預聚物。
多官能型苯乙烯化合物係指在芳香環上連接有至少二個烯基(alkenyl)的化合物。多官能型苯乙烯化合物的實例包括但不限於1,3-二乙烯基苯(1,3-divinylbenzene)、1,4-二乙烯基苯(1,4-divinylbenzene)、三乙烯基苯(trivinylbenzene)、1,3-二異丙烯基苯(1,3-diisopropenylbenzene)、1,4-二異丙烯基苯(1,4-diisopropenylbenzene)、1,2-雙(對乙烯基苯基)乙烷(1,2-bis(p-vinylphenyl)ethane)、1,2-雙(間乙烯基苯基)乙烷(1,2-bis(m-vinylphenyl)ethane)、1-(對乙烯基苯基)-2-(間乙烯基苯基)乙烷(1-(p-vinylphenyl)-2-(m-vinylphenyl)-ethane)、1,4-雙(對乙烯基苯基乙基)苯(1,4-bis(p-vinylphenylethyl)benzene)、1,4-雙(間乙烯基苯基乙基)苯(1,4-bis(m-vinylphenylethyl)benzene)、1,3-雙(對乙烯基苯基乙基)苯(1,3-bis(p-vinylphenylethyl)benzene)、1,3-雙(間乙烯基苯基乙基)苯(1,3-bis(m-vinylphenylethyl)benzene)、1-(對乙烯基苯基乙基)-4-(間乙烯基苯基乙基)苯(1-(p-vinylphenylethyl)-4-(m-vinylphenylethyl) benzene)、1-(對乙烯基苯基乙基)-3-(間乙烯基苯基乙基)苯(1-(p-vinylphenylethyl)-3-(m-vinylphenylethyl)benzene)、及含有前述化合物的預聚物。
雙馬來醯亞胺化合物之定義如前文所述,且前述用以合成式(I)結構之化合物的雙馬來醯亞胺化合物亦可作為多官能型交聯劑使用,此處將不贅述。雙馬來醯亞胺化合物的具體實例包括但不限於1,2-雙馬來醯亞胺基乙烷、1,6-雙馬來醯亞胺基己烷、1,3-雙馬來醯亞胺基苯、1,4-雙馬來醯亞胺基苯、2,4-雙馬來醯亞胺基甲苯、4,4'-雙馬來醯亞胺基二苯基甲烷、4,4'-雙馬來醯亞胺基二苯基醚、3,3'-雙馬來醯亞胺基二苯基碸、4,4'-雙馬來醯亞胺基二苯基碸、4,4'-雙馬來醯亞胺基二環己基甲烷、3,5-雙(4-馬來醯亞胺基苯基)吡啶、2,6-雙馬來醯亞胺基吡啶、1,3-雙(馬來醯亞胺基甲基)環己烷、1,3-雙(馬來醯亞胺基甲基)苯、1,1-雙(4-馬來醯亞胺基苯基)環己烷、1,3-雙(二氯馬來醯亞胺基)苯、4,4'-雙檸康醯亞胺基二苯基甲烷(4,4'-biscitraconimidodiphenylmethane)、2,2-雙(4-馬來醯亞胺基苯基)丙烷、1-苯基-1,1-雙(4-馬來醯亞胺基苯基)乙烷、α,α-雙(4-馬來醯亞胺基苯基)甲苯、3,5-雙馬來醯亞胺基-1,2,4-三唑、N,N'-伸乙基雙馬來醯亞胺、N,N'-六亞甲基雙馬來醯亞胺、N,N'-間-伸苯基雙馬來醯亞胺、N,N'-對-伸苯基雙馬來醯亞胺、N,N'-4,4'-二苯基甲烷雙馬來醯亞胺、N,N'-4,4'-二苯基醚雙馬來醯亞胺、N,N'-4,4'-二苯基碸雙馬來醯亞胺、N,N'-4,4'-二環己基甲烷雙馬來醯亞胺、N,N'-α,α'-4,4'-二亞甲基環己烷雙馬來醯亞胺、N,N'-間二甲苯雙馬來醯亞胺、N,N'-4,4'-二苯基環己烷雙馬來醯亞胺、N,N'-亞甲基雙(3-氯-對-伸苯基)雙馬來醯亞胺、及3,3’-二甲基-5,5’-二乙基-4,4’-二苯甲烷基雙馬來醯亞胺。商業上可購得之雙馬來醯亞胺化合物包括例如KI化學的BMI-70、BMI-80,大和化工的BMI-1000、BMI-4000、BMI-5000、BMI-5100、BMI-7000、BMI-2000、BMI-2300(CAS號67784-74-1)。
前述多種適用的不飽和官能基交聯劑中,較佳為多官能型烯丙基化合物,例如三烯丙基異氰酸酯、氰尿酸三烯丙酯;多官能型苯乙烯化合物,例如1,3-二乙烯基苯、1,4-二乙烯基苯、1,2-雙(對乙烯基苯基)乙烷、1,2-雙(間乙烯基苯基)乙烷、1-(對乙烯基苯基)-2-(間乙烯基苯基)乙烷;雙馬來醯亞胺化合物,例如3,3’-二甲基-5,5’-二乙基-4,4’-二苯甲烷基雙馬來醯亞胺;或前述不飽和官能基交聯劑二種以上之組合。
於本發明樹脂組合物中,交聯劑的重量平均分子量(Mw)較佳為100至5000,更佳為100為4000,最佳為100為3000,例如1500、2000、或2500。若分子量低於上述範圍,則交聯劑容易在組合物固化製程中揮發,使組合物中各成份比例受到影響;若分子量高於上述範圍,則會造成組合物整體的黏度過高,影響材料的可加工性。
於本發明部分較佳實施態樣中,係使用三烯丙基異氰酸酯及3,3’-二甲基-5,5’-二乙基-4,4’-二苯甲烷基雙馬來醯亞胺作為交聯劑。
1.3.3.
阻燃劑
本發明樹脂組合物可視需要進一步包含阻燃劑以提升所製電子材料之難燃性。阻燃劑包括含鹵阻燃劑與無鹵阻燃劑,其中,為了滿足環保之需求,較佳使用無鹵阻燃劑。
常見之含鹵阻燃劑包括含溴阻燃劑,其實例包括但不限於四溴雙酚A(tetrabromobisphenol A)、十溴二苯基氧化物(decabromodiphenyloxide)、十溴化二苯基乙烷(decabrominated diphenyl ethane)、1,2-二(三溴苯基)乙烷(1,2-bis(tribromophenyl) ethane)、1,2-雙(四溴鄰苯二甲醯亞胺)乙烷 (1,2-Bis(tetrabromophthalimido) ethane)、溴化環氧寡聚合物(brominated epoxy oligomer)、八溴三甲基苯基茚(octabromotrimethylphenyl indane)、二(2,3-二溴丙醚)(bis(2,3-dibromopropyl ether))、三(三溴苯基)三嗪(tris(tribromophenyl) triazine)、溴化脂肪烴(brominated aliphatic hydrocarbon)、及溴化芳香烴(brominated aromatic hydrocarbon)。
無鹵阻燃劑之實例包括但不限於含氮阻燃劑及含磷阻燃劑。含氮阻燃劑之實例包括但不限於三聚氰胺及其衍生物,商業上可購得之產品包括巴斯夫(BASF)之型號為Melapur 200的產品。含磷阻燃劑之實例包括但不限於次磷酸鹽(phosphinate)、聚磷酸鹽(polyphosphate)、鏻鹽(phosphonium salt)、磷酸酯(phosphate ester)、磷腈(phosphazene)、亞磷酸酯(phosphite ester)、及膦氧化物(phosphine oxide)。
次磷酸鹽之實例包括但不限於二烷基次磷酸鋁、三(二乙基次磷酸)鋁、三(甲基乙基次磷酸)鋁、三(二苯基次磷酸)鋁、雙(二乙基次磷酸)鋅、雙(甲基乙基次磷酸)鋅、雙(二苯基次磷酸)鋅、雙(二乙基次磷酸)氧鈦、雙(甲基乙基次磷酸)氧鈦、及雙(二苯基次磷酸)氧鈦。商業上可購得之次磷酸鹽包括可購自科萊恩(CLARIANT)之型號為OP-935的產品。
聚磷酸鹽之實例包括但不限於聚磷酸蜜胺(melamine polyphosphate)、聚磷酸蜜白胺(melam polyphosphate)、及聚磷酸蜜勒胺(melem polyphosphate)。商業上可購得之聚磷酸鹽包括可購自巴斯夫(BASF)之型號為Melapur 200的產品。
鏻鹽之實例包括但不限於四苯基鏻四苯基硼酸鹽(tetraphenylphosphonium tetraphenylborate)。磷酸酯的實例包括但不限於縮合磷酸酯化合物以及環狀磷酸酯化合物。縮合磷酸酯化合物之實例包括但不限於磷酸三苯酯(triphenyl phosphate)、磷酸三甲苯酯(tricresyl phosphate)、磷酸二甲苯二苯酯(xylenyl-diphenyl phosphate)、磷酸甲苯二苯酯(cresyl-diphenyl phosphate)、間苯二酚雙-二甲苯基磷酸酯 (resorcinol bis-xylenylphosphate,RXP)、間苯二酚雙-二苯基磷酸酯(resorcinol bis-diphenylphosphate,RDP)、9,10-二氫-9-氧雜-10-磷雜菲-10-氧化物(9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phosphaphenanthrene-10-oxide,DOPO)。商業上可購得之磷酸酯包括可購自大八化學之型號為PX-200及PX-202的產品,以及可購自恆橋產業之型號為CG-686及CG-RDP的產品。
磷腈包括環狀磷腈化合物及直鏈狀磷腈化合物。商業上可購得之磷腈包括可購自大塚化學之型號為BP-PZ、SPB-100及SPH-100的產品。亞磷酸酯之實例包括但不限於亞磷酸三甲酯(trimethylphosphite)及亞磷酸三乙酯(triethylphosphite)。
膦氧化物之實例包括但不限於三-(4-甲氧基苯基)膦氧(tris-(4-methoxyphenyl) phosphine oxide)、三苯基膦氧(triphenyl phosphine oxide)、二苯基膦氧(diphenyl phosphine oxide)、及其衍生物。商業上可購得之膦氧化物包括可購自晉一化工之型號為PQ-60的產品,以及可購自片山化學之型號為BPO-13與BPE-3的產品。
前述各阻燃劑可單獨使用或任意組合使用。於後附實施例中,係使用1,2-雙(四溴鄰苯二甲醯亞胺)乙烷(1,2-Bis(tetrabromophthalimido) ethane)作為阻燃劑。
1.3.4.
自由基起始劑
本發明樹脂組合物雖可直接於高溫下固化,然而,亦可在樹脂組合物中添加自由基起始劑,以幫助固化反應之進行,尤其是當樹脂組合物包含不飽和基聚苯醚樹脂時,可額外添加自由基起始劑。
自由基起始劑之實例包括但不限於偶氮二異丁腈、偶氮二(2-異丙基)丁腈、偶氮二異庚腈、過氧化二苯甲醯、過氧化乙醯異丁醯、過氧化二乙醯、過氧化(2,4-二氯苯甲醯)、過氧化(2-二甲基苯甲醯)、過氧化十二醯、過氧化二碳酸二異丙酯、過氧化雙(3,5,5-三甲基己醯)、過氧化環己酮、過氧化甲乙酮、過氧化二碳酸二環己丙酯、過氧化二碳酸二環己酯、過氧化二碳酸二(4-三級丁基環己酯)、過氧化二碳酸二(2-乙基己基)酯、過氧化二碳酸雙(2-苯基乙氧基)酯、過氧化二碳酸雙十六烷基酯、過氧化苯甲酸三級丁酯、過氧化苯乙酸三級丁酯、過氧乙酸、過氧化三級戊酸三級丁酯、過氧化三級戊酸三級己酯、過氧化新癸酸異丙苯酯、三級丁基過氧化氫、異丙苯過氧化氫、對薄荷烷過氧化氫、過氧化二-三級丁基、過氧化二異丙苯、過氧化氫、過硫酸銨、過硫酸鉀、過氧化物-烷基金屬、及氧-烷基金屬。商業上可購得之自由基起始劑包括日本油脂的Perbutyl P、Perhexa 25B、及Perhexin 25B產品。
一般而言,自由基起始劑的用量可為以樹脂組合物的固含量計0.01至3重量%,但不限於此,本領域之人皆能依其需求進行適當的調整。
1.3.5.
填料
本發明樹脂組合物可視需要進一步包含填料,以降低樹脂組合物整體的熱膨脹系數(提升尺寸安定性),並改善組合物的導熱性、機械強度等性質。填料之實例包括但不限於二氧化矽(包含球型、熔融態、非熔融態、多孔質、中空型、及奈米級二氧化矽)、氧化鋁、氫氧化鋁、氧化鎂、氫氧化鎂、碳酸鈣、滑石、黏土、氮化鋁、氮化硼、氮化矽、碳化鋁矽、碳化矽、碳酸鈉、碳酸鎂、二氧化鈦、氧化鋅、氧化鋯、石英、鑽石粉、類鑽石粉、石墨、石墨烯、鈦酸鉀、鈦酸鍶、鈦酸鋇、陶瓷纖維、鉬酸鋅、鉬酸銨、硼酸鋅、磷酸鈣、煅燒高嶺土、白嶺土、雲母、勃姆石、水滑石、奈米碳管、聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)粉體、中空玻璃珠、及奈米級無機粉體。前述填料可單獨使用或任意組合使用。商業上可購得之填料包括,例如Admatechs公司的Admafuse、Admafine、Admanano系列之二氧化矽產品、SC1050、SC2050、SC4050、SC5500、SE2050等經表面處理的產品。考量本發明樹脂組合物較佳具有低Dk及Df之需求,較佳使用二氧化矽或氮化硼作為填料。
一般而言,填料的用量可為以樹脂組合物的固含量計0至60重量%,但不限於此,本領域之人皆能依其需求進行適當的調整。
為了提升使用填料的填充效果及組合物成品的品質,所使用之填料的平均粒徑應以較小者為佳,具體而言,填料的平均粒徑可為小於10微米,較佳為小於5微米,更佳為小於2.5微米。為提升填料與組合物中其它樹脂成份的相容性及可加工性,填料較佳於添加至樹脂組合物之前先以偶合劑進行表面處理。
偶合劑之實例包括但不限於矽烷偶合劑(silane coupling agent)、鈦酸酯偶合劑(titanate coupling agent)、鋯酸酯偶合劑(zirconate coupling agent)、聚矽氧烷偶合劑(poly-siloxane coupling agent)、官能型偶合劑,其中,常用的官能型偶合劑包括但不限於環氧基矽烷(epoxy-silane)、胺基矽烷(amino-silane)、乙烯基矽烷(vinyl-silane)、丙烯酸基矽烷(acrylic-silane)。考量本發明樹脂組合物可包含不飽和聚苯醚,偶合劑較佳為可與聚苯醚反應的乙烯基矽烷,如乙烯基三甲氧基矽烷、乙烯基三乙氧基矽烷。填料之表面處理可參考美國專利第US 6524717號(申請人: 日立化成(Hitachi Chemical)),該文獻內容在此引入全文作為參考。
1.4.
樹脂組合物之製備
關於本發明樹脂組合物之製備,可藉由將樹脂組合物各成分,包括(A)具有式(I)結構之化合物、(B)含乙烯基之彈性體、視需要之(C)具有不飽和官能基的聚苯醚樹脂、及其他選用組分,以攪拌器均勻混合並溶解或分散於溶劑中,供後續加工利用。所述溶劑可為任何可溶解或分散樹脂組合物各成分、但不與該等成分反應的惰性溶劑。舉例言之,可用以溶解或分散樹脂組合物各成分之溶劑包含但不限於:甲苯、γ-丁內酯、甲乙酮(MEK)、環己酮、丁酮、丙酮、二甲苯、甲基異丁基酮、N,N-二甲基甲醯胺(N,N-dimethyl formamide,DMF)、N,N-二甲基乙醯胺(N,N-dimethyl acetamide,DMAc)、及N-甲基吡咯烷酮(N-methyl-pyrolidone,NMP)。各溶劑可單獨使用或混合使用。溶劑之用量並無特殊限制,原則上只要能使樹脂組合物各組分均勻溶解或分散於其中即可。於本發明之部分實施態樣中,係使用甲乙酮作為溶劑。
2.
預浸漬片
本發明亦提供一種由上述樹脂組合物所製得之預浸漬片,其中係藉由將一基材含浸或塗佈如上述之樹脂組合物,並進行加熱乾燥而製得半固化態(B-階段)之預浸漬片。預浸漬片之製備方法並無特殊限制,且乃本發明所屬技術領域具通常知識者基於本說明書之揭露與所具備之通常知識可輕易完成者。具體言之,含浸或塗佈樹脂組合物的方法包括但不限於浸漬、輥式塗佈、模具塗佈、棒式塗佈、及噴霧。經含浸或塗佈之基材可在80°C至180°C之溫度下加熱1至10分鐘,從而獲得半固化態(B-階段)之預浸漬片。
本文中,基材亦可稱為補強材(reinforcement),其可為有機或無機的材料。基材的實例包括但不限於織布、不織布、玻璃粗纱布(glass roving cloth)、玻璃布(glass cloth)、切股玻璃纖維(chopped glass fiber)、中空玻璃纖維(hollow glass fiber)、玻璃氈(glass mat)、玻璃表面氈(glass surfacing mat)、非織造玻璃織物(non-woven glass fabric)、及陶瓷纖維織物(ceramic fiber fabrics)。可用於形成基材之原料的實例包括但不限於E-型之玻璃纖維、NE-型之玻璃纖維、S-型之玻璃纖維、L-型之玻璃纖維、T-型之玻璃纖維、D-型之玻璃纖維、石英(quartz)、芳香族聚醯胺(aramid)、及液晶高分子(liquid crystal polymer)。考量到所製電子材料的介電性質,較佳係使用具有低Df值的基材,例如由E-型之玻璃纖維、NE-型之玻璃纖維、S-型之玻璃纖維、與L-型之玻璃纖維所構成之基材。
3.
金屬箔積層板及印刷電路板
本發明亦提供一種金屬箔積層板,其係藉由將前文所述之預浸漬片與金屬箔加以層合而製得,或藉由將前文所述之樹脂組合物塗佈於金屬箔,接著乾燥該經塗佈之金屬箔而製得。於使用預浸漬片製備金屬箔積層板之情況中,可層疊複數層之上述預浸漬片,接著於經層疊之預浸漬片所構成的介電層的至少一外側表面層疊一金屬箔(如銅箔)以提供一層疊物,並對該層疊物進行熱壓操作而得到金屬箔積層板。
上述金屬箔積層板可藉由進一步圖案化其外側之金屬箔,而形成印刷電路板。
4.
實施例
4.1.
量測方式說明
茲以下列具體實施態樣進一步例示說明本發明,其中,所採用之量測儀器及方法分別如下:
[介電常數(Dk)與介電耗損因子(Df)測試]
根據IPC-TM-650 2.5.5.13規範,在工作頻率10 GHz下,計算金屬箔積層板之介電常數(Dk)與介電耗損因子(Df)。用於測試之金屬箔積層板中的預浸漬片的樹脂含量(Resin Content,RC)為56%。
[熱膨脹係數量測(Z-CTE,%)]
以熱機械分析儀(thermomechanical analyzer,TMA)來量測完全固化的熱固性樹脂組合物Z軸方向(板厚方向)之熱膨脹係數(Z-CTE)。測試方式如下:準備5毫米×5毫米×1.5毫米之完全固化的熱固性樹脂組合物作為測試樣品,設定起始溫度為30°C、結束溫度為330°C、升溫速度為10°C/分鐘、荷重為0.05牛頓(N),在所述條件下於膨脹/壓縮模式下對測試樣品進行熱機械分析,量測在30°C至330°C之溫度範圍內的每1°C的熱膨脹量並取其平均值。CTE之單位為%。
[熱分解溫度測試(Td,5%重量損失)]
熱分解溫度測試係根據電子電路互聯與封裝學會之IPC-TM-650.2.4.24.6號檢測方法。使用熱重量分析設備(Thermo Gravimetric Analysis,TGA),以 10°C/分鐘之升溫速度升溫,測定當固化的樹脂組合物的重量損失達5%時的溫度作為熱分解溫度(Td)。
[阻燃等級測試]
利用UL94V:垂直燃燒測試方法,將金屬箔積層板以垂直位置固定,以本生燈燃燒,比較其自燃熄滅與助燃特性。難燃等級之排序為:V0>V1>V2。
[T288耐浸焊性測試]
將乾燥過的金屬箔積層板在288°C的錫焊浴中浸泡至少30分鐘以上,觀察金屬箔積層板是否產生分層或脹泡之情形。
[玻璃轉移溫度(Tg)測試]
將作為評估用之積層板藉由蝕刻去除其二面銅箔,對所得到的無包層板進行玻璃轉移溫度(Tg)之測量。具體而言,係使用沃特斯公司(TA Instruments)製造之型號為「Q800」的動態機械分析儀(dynamic mechanical analysis,DMA)來測定無包層板之Tg。測試條件如下:使用彎曲模組,頻率設為10Hz,升溫速度設定為5o
C/分鐘,在自室溫升溫至280°C的過程中進行動態黏彈性的測量,所測得之tanδ為極大值時的溫度即為Tg。
[銅箔接著強度測試]
接著強度係指金屬箔對經層合之預浸漬片的附著力,係以1/8英寸寬度的銅箔自板面上垂直撕起,以其所需力量的大小來表達接著強度。接著強度的單位為磅力/英寸(lbf/in)。
[壓力蒸煮鍋試驗(pressure cooker test,PCT)耐熱性測試]
根據JIS C 6481之方法,測定壓力蒸煮鍋試驗(PCT)之後的焊接耐熱性(即,吸濕後焊接耐熱性)。於121o
C之溫度及2巴之氣壓的條件下處理樣品3小時後,將樣品浸漬於288o
C之焊接槽中20秒。目視觀察經浸漬之樣品上使否有斑痕(measling)或膨泡(burst)。如未發現斑痕或膨泡,則紀錄為「○」;若發現斑痕或膨泡,則紀錄為「×」。
4.2.
實施例及比較例所用之原物料資訊列表:
原物料 | 說明及來源 |
SA9000 | 具有不飽和官能基的聚苯醚樹脂,其末端係經甲基丙烯酸酯基改質,購自沙基工業 |
Ricon 100 | 含乙烯基之彈性體,苯乙烯-丁二烯無規共聚物,購自克雷威利 |
Ricon 150 | 含乙烯基之彈性體,聚丁二烯,購自克雷威利 |
Ricon 257 | 含乙烯基之彈性體,苯乙烯-丁二烯-二乙烯基苯三元共聚物,購自克雷威利 |
Ricon 184MA6 | 含乙烯基之彈性體,馬來酸酐改質之苯乙烯-丁二烯共聚物,購自克雷威利 |
BMI 70 | 雙馬來醯亞胺,購自大和化成 |
TAIC | 三烯丙基異氰酸酯,購自贏創工業(Evonik) |
525A | SiO2 填料,購自矽比科 |
Saytex BT93 | 1,2-雙(四溴鄰苯二甲醯亞胺)乙烷,購自雅寶公司(Albemarle) |
Perbutyl P | 自由基起始劑,購自日本油脂 |
4.3.
合成例
4.3.1.
末端改質劑
VB-CPD
之製備
將17.5公克的氫化鈉以己烷清洗,以去除礦物油。然後,於1000毫升圓底燒瓶中將經清洗的氫化鈉懸浮於350毫升的己烷中。以惰性氣氛填充該燒瓶並冷卻至5o
C。
在劇烈攪拌下分批添加新裂解(fresh-cracked)之44.0公克的環戊二烯(CPD)。在完成添加CPD之後,伴隨迴流系統將溫度升至60o
C,然後分批添加100公克的4-乙烯基芐基氯(VB)。
添加150公克的去離子水並劇烈攪拌30分鐘,得到一雙相混合物。然後,將該雙相混合物的有機相以10重量%之HCl水溶液及去離子水清洗數次。
4.3.2.
具有式(
I
)結構之化合物之合成
< 合成例1:S1B化合物之合成 >
將7.80公克的VB-CPD與10.0公克的3,3'-二甲基-5,5'-二乙基-4,4'-二苯甲烷雙馬來醯亞胺(即,下式S1A化合物)混合並溶解於20.0公克的二氯甲烷溶劑中。將所得之均質溶液於室溫下反應30分鐘,然後於50o
C下藉由旋轉蒸發去除二氯甲烷溶劑,得到如下式S1B化合物。式S1A式S1B
< 合成例2:S2B化合物之合成 >
將12.9公克的VB-CPD與10.0公克的4-甲基-1,3-伸苯基雙馬來醯亞胺(即,下式S2A化合物)混合並溶解於20.0公克的二氯甲烷溶劑中。將所得之均質溶液於室溫下反應30分鐘,然後於50o
C下藉由旋轉蒸發去除二氯甲烷溶劑,得到如下式S2B化合物。式S2A式S2B
< 合成例3:S3B化合物之合成 >
將6.50公克的VB-CPD與10.0公克的雙酚A二苯醚雙馬來醯亞胺(即,下式S3A化合物)混合並溶解於20.0公克的二氯甲烷溶劑中。將所得之均質溶液於室溫下反應30分鐘,然後於50o
C下藉由旋轉蒸發去除二氯甲烷溶劑,得到如下式S3B化合物。式S3A式S3B
< 合成例4:S4B化合物之合成 >
將10.0公克的VB-CPD與10.0公克的下式S4A化合物混合並溶解於20.0公克的二氯甲烷溶劑中。將所得之均質溶液於室溫下反應30分鐘,然後於50o
C下藉由旋轉蒸發去除二氯甲烷溶劑,得到如下式S4B化合物。於式S4A及S4B中,k為1至5之整數。式S4A式S4B
4.4.
樹脂組合物之製備
根據表1至表4所示之成分及比例,於室溫下使用攪拌器充分混合120分鐘後,獲得實施例E1至E15及比較例C1至C8之樹脂組合物。另外,觀察樹脂組合物是否發生相分離,紀錄於表1至表4中。
表1:實施例E1至E6之樹脂組合物的組成
成分(重量份數) | E1 | E2 | E3 | E4 | E5 | E6 | |
聚苯醚 | SA9000 | ||||||
式(I)結構化合物 | S1B | 60 | 60 | 60 | |||
S2B | 60 | ||||||
S3B | 60 | ||||||
S4B | 60 | ||||||
彈性體 | Ricon 100 | 12 | 6 | 3 | 12 | 12 | 12 |
Ricon 150 | |||||||
Ricon 257 | |||||||
Ricon 184MA6 | |||||||
交聯劑 | BMI-70 | 26 | 29 | 30 | 26 | 26 | 26 |
TAIC | 22 | 25 | 26 | 22 | 22 | 22 | |
填料 | 525A | 60 | 60 | 60 | 60 | 60 | 60 |
阻燃劑 | BT93 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 |
Perbutyl-P | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | |
MEK | 120 | 120 | 120 | 120 | 120 | 120 | |
樹脂相分離 | 否 | 否 | 否 | 否 | 否 | 否 |
表2:比較例C1至C5之樹脂組合物的組成
成分(重量份數) | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | C5 | |
聚苯醚 | SA9000 | |||||
式(I)結構化合物 | S1B | 60 | 60 | |||
S2B | 60 | |||||
S3B | 60 | |||||
S4B | 60 | |||||
彈性體 | Ricon 100 | 25 | 18 | 25 | 25 | 25 |
Ricon 150 | ||||||
Ricon 257 | ||||||
Ricon 184MA6 | ||||||
交聯劑 | BMI-70 | 20 | 23 | 20 | 20 | 20 |
TAIC | 15 | 19 | 15 | 15 | 15 | |
填料 | 525A | 60 | 60 | 60 | 60 | 60 |
阻燃劑 | BT93 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 |
Perbutyl-P | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | |
MEK | 120 | 120 | 120 | 120 | 120 | |
樹脂相分離 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 | 是 |
表3:實施例E7至E10及比較例C6之樹脂組合物的組成
成分(重量份數) | E7 | E8 | E9 | E10 | C6 | |
聚苯醚 | SA9000 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 |
式(I)結構化合物 | S1B | 45 | 45 | 45 | 45 | 45 |
S2B | ||||||
S3B | ||||||
S4B | ||||||
彈性體 | Ricon 100 | 9 | 25 | |||
Ricon 150 | 9 | |||||
Ricon 257 | 9 | |||||
Ricon 184MA6 | 9 | |||||
交聯劑 | BMI-70 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 20 |
TAIC | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 15 | |
填料 | 525A | 60 | 60 | 60 | 60 | 60 |
阻燃劑 | BT93 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 |
Perbutyl-P | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | |
MEK | 120 | 120 | 120 | 120 | 120 | |
樹脂相分離 | 否 | 否 | 否 | 否 | 是 |
表4:實施例E11至E15及比較例C7及C8之樹脂組合物的組成
成分(重量份數) | E11 | E12 | E13 | E14 | E15 | C7 | C8 | |
聚苯醚 | SA9000 | 11 | 20 | 22 | 27 | 34 | 15 | 30 |
式(I)結構化合物 | S1B | 49 | 44 | 38 | 33 | 26 | 45 | 30 |
S2B | ||||||||
S3B | ||||||||
S4B | ||||||||
彈性體 | Ricon 100 | 7 | 16 | 16 | 22 | 26 | 15 | 30 |
Ricon 150 | ||||||||
Ricon 257 | ||||||||
Ricon 184MA6 | ||||||||
交聯劑 | BMI-70 | 26 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 |
TAIC | 22 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | 25 | |
填料 | 525A | 60 | 60 | 60 | 60 | 60 | 60 | 60 |
阻燃劑 | BT93 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 |
Perbutyl-P | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | |
MEK | 120 | 120 | 120 | 120 | 120 | 120 | 120 | |
樹脂相分離 | 否 | 否 | 否 | 否 | 否 | 是 | 是 |
4.5.
金屬箔積層板之製備及性質量測
分別使用所製得之樹脂組合物來製備實施例E1至E15及比較例C1至C8之金屬箔積層板。首先,經由輥式塗佈機,將玻璃纖維布(型號:2116,厚度:0.08毫米)分別浸漬於實施例E1至E15及比較例C1至C8之樹脂組合物中,並控制玻璃纖維布之厚度至合適程度。接著,將浸漬後的玻璃纖維布置於175°C之乾燥機中加熱乾燥2至15分鐘,藉此製得半固化狀態(B-階段)的預浸漬片(預浸漬片之樹脂含量為56%)。之後,將二片預浸漬片層合,並在其二側各層合一張0.5盎司之銅箔,隨後置於熱壓機中進行高溫熱壓固化。熱壓條件為:以3.0°C/分鐘之升溫速度升溫至200°C至220°C,並在該溫度下,以全壓15公斤/平方公分(初壓8公斤/平方公分)之壓力熱壓180分鐘。
依照前文所載量測方法測量實施例E1至E15及比較例C1至C8之預浸漬片與金屬箔積層板之各項性質,包括介電常數(Dk)、介電耗損因子(Df)、熱膨脹係數量測(Z-CTE)、熱分解溫度(Td)、阻燃等級、T288耐浸焊性、玻璃轉移溫度(Tg)、銅箔接著強度、壓力蒸煮鍋試驗(PCT)耐熱性,並將結果紀錄於表5至表7中。
表5:實施例E1至E6及比較例C1至C5之預浸漬片與金屬箔積層板的性質
E1 | E2 | E3 | E4 | E5 | E6 | C1 | C2 | C3 | C4 | C5 | |
介電常數(Dk) | 4.15 | 4.31 | 4.38 | 4.32 | 4.28 | 4.29 | 4.18 | 4.23 | 4.15 | 4.12 | 4.18 |
介電耗損因子(Df) | 4.18 | 4.39 | 4.47 | 4.55 | 4.50 | 4.41 | 4.13 | 4.27 | 3.99 | 4.08 | 4.05 |
Z-CTE (%) | 2.43 | 2.26 | 2.18 | 2.29 | 2.35 | 2.01 | 2.67 | 2.7 | 2.71 | 2.88 | 2.75 |
熱分解溫度(Td) (o C) | 432 | 432 | 433 | 433 | 428 | 436 | 423 | 425 | 421 | 422 | 420 |
玻璃轉移溫度(Tg)(o C) | 243 | 244 | 244 | 243 | 241 | 253 | 214 | 243 | 233 | 228 | 234 |
T288耐浸焊性 (分鐘) | >30 | >30 | >30 | >30 | >30 | >30 | >30 | >30 | >30 | >30 | >30 |
PCT耐熱性測試 | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ |
阻燃等級 | V-0 | V-0 | V-0 | V-0 | V-0 | V-0 | V-1 | V-1 | V-1 | V-1 | V-1 |
銅箔接著強度 (磅力/英寸) | 3.5 | 3.6 | 2.1 | 3.8 | 3.9 | 3.7 | 2.3 | 2.9 | 3.1 | 3.4 | 3.2 |
表6:實施例E7至E10及比較例C6之預浸漬片與金屬箔積層板的性質
E7 | E8 | E9 | E10 | C6 | |
介電常數(Dk) | 3.86 | 3.80 | 3.83 | 3.91 | 3.79 |
介電耗損因子(Df) | 4.33 | 4.12 | 4.25 | 4.21 | 4.11 |
Z-CTE (%) | 2.23 | 2.37 | 2.15 | 2.22 | 2.85 |
熱分解溫度(Td) (o C) | 430 | 425 | 435 | 431 | 420 |
玻璃轉移溫度(Tg)(o C) | 239 | 220 | 245 | 244 | 225 |
T288耐浸焊性 (分鐘) | >30 | >30 | >30 | >30 | >30 |
PCT耐熱性測試 | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ |
阻燃等級 | V-0 | V-0 | V-0 | V-0 | V-1 |
銅箔接著強度 (磅力/英寸) | 4.33 | 4.12 | 4.25 | 4.21 | 4.11 |
表7:實施例E11至E15及比較例C7及C8之預浸漬片與金屬箔積層板的性質
E11 | E12 | E13 | E14 | E15 | C7 | C8 | |
介電常數(Dk) | 3.95 | 3.93 | 3.88 | 3.91 | 3.71 | 3.72 | 3.63 |
介電耗損因子(Df) | 4.24 | 4.19 | 4.15 | 4.03 | 3.94 | 4.01 | 3.88 |
Z-CTE (%) | 2.21 | 2.36 | 2.33 | 2.22 | 2.22 | 2.82 | 3.11 |
熱分解溫度(Td) (o C) | 430 | 425 | 419 | 420 | 414 | 422 | 412 |
玻璃轉移溫度(Tg)(o C) | 244 | 239 | 235 | 244 | 244 | 218 | 205 |
T288耐浸焊性 (分鐘) | >30 | >30 | >30 | >30 | >30 | >30 | >30 |
PCT耐熱性測試 | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ |
阻燃等級 | V-0 | V-0 | V-0 | V-0 | V-1 | V-1 | V-2 |
銅箔接著強度 (磅力/英寸) | 4.24 | 4.19 | 4.15 | 4.03 | 3.94 | 4.01 | 3.88 |
如表1及表2所示,當樹脂組合物包含式(I)結構之化合物及含乙烯基之彈性體且不包含聚苯醚樹脂時,式(I)結構之化合物與含乙烯基之彈性體之重量比需為20:1至5:1。若含乙烯基之彈性體的用量過高(比較例C1至C5),則樹脂組合物發生樹脂相分離。另外,如表5所示,若含乙烯基之彈性體的用量過高(比較例C1至C5),則所製得之金屬箔積層板的熱膨脹係數Z-CTE表現不佳,且阻燃性不佳。相較下,本發明實施例E1至E6之樹脂組合物不會發生樹脂相分離,所製得之金屬箔積層板亦具有優異的性質。
當樹脂組合物更包含具有不飽和官能基的聚苯醚樹脂時,聚苯醚樹脂可改善含乙烯基之彈性體於組合物中的相容性,使得式(I)結構之化合物與含乙烯基之彈性體之重量比可為20:1至1:1,惟,聚苯醚樹脂的用量需大於含乙烯基之彈性體的用量,否則樹脂組合物發生樹脂相分離。如表3、表4、表6及表7所示,若符合前述條件,則樹脂組合物不會發生樹脂相分離,所製得之金屬箔積層板亦具有優異的性質(實施例E7至E15)。反之,若聚苯醚樹脂的用量未大於含乙烯基之彈性體的用量,則樹脂組合物發生樹脂相分離,且所製得之金屬箔積層板的熱膨脹係數Z-CTE及阻燃性不佳(比較例C6至C8)。
上述實施例僅為例示性說明本發明之原理及其功效,並闡述本發明之技術特徵,而非用於限制本發明之保護範疇。任何熟悉本技術者在不違背本發明之技術原理及精神下,可輕易完成之改變或安排,均屬本發明所主張之範圍。因此,本發明之權利保護範圍係如後附申請專利範圍所列。
:無。
:無。
:無。
Claims (12)
- 如請求項1所述之樹脂組合物,其中該式(I)結構之化合物與該含乙烯基之彈性體之重量比為20:1至5:1。
- 如請求項1至3中任一項所述之樹脂組合物,其中該含乙烯基之彈性體係選自以下群組:聚丁二烯、苯乙烯-丁二烯共聚物、苯乙烯-丁二烯-二乙烯基苯共聚物、聚異戊二烯、苯乙烯-異戊二烯共聚物、丙烯腈-丁二烯共聚物、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物、前述之官能化改質衍生物、及其組合。
- 如請求項1至3中任一項所述之樹脂組合物,更包含選自以下群組之交聯劑:多官能型烯丙基化合物(polyfunctional allylic compounds)、多官能型丙烯酸酯化合物(polyfunctional acrylates)、多官能型丙烯醯胺化合物(polyfunctional acrylamides)、多官能型苯乙烯化合物(polyfunctional styrenic compounds)、雙馬來醯亞胺化合物(bismaleimide compounds)、及其組合。
- 如請求項1至3中任一項所述之樹脂組合物,更包含選自以下群組之阻燃劑:四溴雙酚A(tetrabromobisphenol A)、十溴二苯基氧化物(decabromodiphenyloxide)、十溴化二苯基乙烷(decabrominated diphenyl ethane)、1,2-二(三溴苯基)乙烷(1,2-bis(tribromophenyl) ethane)、溴化環氧寡聚物(brominated epoxy oligomer)、八溴三甲基苯基茚(octabromotrimethylphenyl indane)、二(2,3-二溴丙醚)(bis(2,3-dibromopropyl ether))、三(三溴苯基)三嗪(tris(tribromophenyl) triazine)、溴化脂肪烴(brominated aliphatic hydrocarbon)、溴化芳香烴(brominated aromatic hydrocarbon)、次磷酸金屬鹽(phosphinate)、聚磷酸鹽 (polyphosphate)、鏻鹽(phosphonium salt)、磷酸酯(phosphate ester)、磷腈(phosphazene)、亞磷酸酯(phosphite ester)、膦氧化物(phosphine oxide)、及其組合。
- 如請求項1至3中任一項所述之樹脂組合物,更包含自由基起始劑。
- 如請求項1至3中任一項所述之樹脂組合物,更包含選自以下群組之填料:二氧化矽、氧化鋁、氫氧化鋁、氧化鎂、氫氧化鎂、碳酸鈣、滑石、黏土、氮化鋁、氮化硼、氮化矽、碳化鋁矽、碳化矽、碳酸鈉、碳酸鎂、二氧化鈦、氧化鋅、氧化鋯、石英、鑽石粉、類鑽石粉、石墨、石墨烯、鈦酸鉀、鈦酸鍶、鈦酸鋇、陶瓷纖維、鉬酸鋅、鉬酸銨、硼酸鋅、磷酸鈣、煅燒高嶺土、白嶺土、雲母、勃姆石、水滑石、奈米碳管、聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)粉體、中空玻璃珠、及其組合。
- 一種預浸漬片,其係將一基材含浸或塗佈如請求項1至9中任一項所述之樹脂組合物,並乾燥該經含浸或塗佈之基材而製得。
- 一種金屬箔積層板,其係藉由將如請求項10所述之預浸漬片與金屬箔加以層合而製得,或係藉由將如請求項1至9中任一項所述之樹脂組合物塗佈於金屬箔並乾燥該經塗佈之金屬箔而製得。
- 一種印刷電路板,其係由請求項11所述之金屬箔積層板所製得。
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TWI809707B (zh) * | 2022-02-10 | 2023-07-21 | 台光電子材料股份有限公司 | 半固化片及其製品 |
TWI823309B (zh) * | 2022-03-28 | 2023-11-21 | 台光電子材料股份有限公司 | 樹脂組合物及其製品 |
TWI814448B (zh) * | 2022-06-16 | 2023-09-01 | 南亞塑膠工業股份有限公司 | 高導熱低介電橡膠樹脂材料及應用其的金屬基板 |
TWI822584B (zh) * | 2022-12-21 | 2023-11-11 | 台光電子材料股份有限公司 | 樹脂組合物及其製品 |
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US11667743B2 (en) | 2023-06-06 |
US20210355259A1 (en) | 2021-11-18 |
CN113667232B (zh) | 2023-09-01 |
CN113667232A (zh) | 2021-11-19 |
TWI725851B (zh) | 2021-04-21 |
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