TW201920339A - 樹脂組成物、樹脂薄膜、半導體層合體、半導體層合體之製造方法及半導體裝置之製造方法 - Google Patents
樹脂組成物、樹脂薄膜、半導體層合體、半導體層合體之製造方法及半導體裝置之製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本發明的課題為提供一種高強度,翹曲小,接著力優異之樹脂組成物、薄膜化該組成物而成之高強度樹脂薄膜、具有該樹脂薄膜的硬化物之半導體層合體及其製造方法,以及單片化該半導體層合體而成之半導體裝置及其製造方法。 本發明的解決手段為一種樹脂組成物,其特徵為包含(A)環氧樹脂、 (B)下述式(1)及/或式(2)所記載之環氧化合物、 (C)下述式(3)表示之環氧化合物、 (D)酚性硬化劑及 (E)硬化促進劑。 (式中,A為單鍵或選自下述式
Description
本發明係關於樹脂組成物、樹脂薄膜、半導體層合體、半導體層合體之製造方法及半導體裝置之製造方法。
近年來,於半導體業界,為了對應智慧型手機等之移動設備的小型化・低成本化,正研究作為晶片基板之矽晶圓的薄型化,或對將提昇製造效率作為目的之大型塑料基板的轉換。惟,於薄型基板或柔軟之塑料基板,由於翹曲的影響變顯著,以於密封材料不產生裂痕般,密封材料的強度變重要。目前為止,為了提昇密封材料的強度,雖已使用雙酚A、聯苯等之酚化合物,或酚醛清漆樹脂、甲酚酚醛清漆樹脂等之酚樹脂等之硬化劑進行各種研究,但正尋求更進一步之高強度的密封材料(專利文獻1)。又,為了使基板變柔軟,雖變成容易彎曲,但扭曲時對晶片端或晶片下部施加重大之應力,由於容易產生於密封材料・晶片間或密封材料・基板間之剝離,故產生提昇密封材料本身的接著力的必要,或減少因硬化收縮導致之翹曲的必要。
又,為了提昇製造效率,塑料基板雖多數使用方形塑料基板,但將此密封時,由於在液狀密封材料,易於基板的內側與外側產生不均,故期望可將此輕易均一密封之薄膜型。
因此,以扭曲時亦難以引起裂痕的方式,期望為高強度,翹曲小,且即使翹曲也不會發生剝離之高接著樹脂組成物及使用此之具有良好之晶圓保護性能的晶圓鑄模材之開發及其薄膜化。 [先前技術文獻] [專利文獻]
[專利文獻1] 日本特開2012-158730號公報
[發明欲解決之課題]
本發明係鑑於上述問題點而完成者,以提供一種高強度,翹曲小,接著力優異之樹脂組成物、薄膜化該組成物而成之高強度樹脂薄膜、具有該樹脂薄膜的硬化物之半導體層合體及其製造方法,以及單片化該半導體層合體而成之半導體裝置及其製造方法作為目的。 [用以解決課題之手段]
為了達成上述目的,於本發明提供一種樹脂組成物,其特徵為包含: (A)環氧樹脂、 (B)下述式(1)及/或式(2)所記載之環氧化合物、 (C)下述式(3)表示之環氧化合物、 (D)酚性硬化劑及 (E)硬化促進劑。(式中,A為單鍵或選自下述式之2價有機基)。
若為這般之組成物,則其硬化物為高強度,且翹曲小,接著力優異。
又,較佳為前述(A)成分為聚矽氧改質環氧樹脂。
如此一來,作為(A)成分之一例,可列舉聚矽氧改質環氧樹脂。
此情況下,前述聚矽氧改質環氧樹脂較佳為下述式(4)表示,且重量平均分子量為3,000~500,000。[式中,R1
~R6
分別獨立為碳數1~20之1價烴基或烷氧基,可為彼此相同亦可為相異。又,a、b、c、d及e表示各重複單位之組成比,滿足0<a<1、0≦b<1、0≦c<1、0<d<1、0≦e<1、0.67≦(b+d)/(a+c+e)≦1.67,且為a+b+c+d+e=1之正數。g為0~300之整數。X為下述式(5)表示之2價有機基。Y為含有下述式(6)表示之2價矽氧烷骨架之基。Z為下述式(7)表示之2價有機基](式中,E為單鍵或選自下述式之2價有機基。R7
及R8
為碳數1~20之1價烴基或烷氧基,可為彼此相同亦可為相異。t及u分別獨立為0~2之整數)。(式中,v為0~300之整數)。(式中,G為單鍵或選自下述式之2價有機基。R9
及R10
為碳數1~20之1價烴基或烷氧基,可為彼此相同亦可為相異。w及x分別獨立為0~2之整數)。
若為這般之組成物,則可給予耐藥品性、耐熱性、耐壓性更優異之硬化物。
又,較佳為前述樹脂組成物在硬化後之拉伸強度為6.0MPa以上。
若為這般之組成物,顯示良好之耐裂痕性。
又,較佳為前述(B)成分相對於前述(A)成分100質量份,包含0.5~100質量份。
若為這般之組成物,充分得到強度提昇效果或對接著力提昇的效果,由於難以對耐藥品性、彈性率、線膨脹係數給予重大之不良影響故較佳。
進而,較佳為包含(F)無機填充劑。
若為這般之組成物,晶圓保護性更為優異,進而耐熱性、耐濕性、強度等亦更為優異。
此情況下,較佳為前述無機填充劑為二氧化矽,前述樹脂組成物中包含20~96質量%。
若為這般之組成物,由於加工性變良好且提昇強度故較佳。
進而,於本發明,提供一種樹脂薄膜,其特徵為薄膜化上述本發明之樹脂組成物者。
這般之樹脂薄膜,由於強度或接著力高,故成為難以引起各種錯誤之晶圓鑄模材。
又,較佳為前述樹脂薄膜在硬化後之拉伸強度為6.0MPa以上。
若為這般之樹脂薄膜,顯示良好之耐裂痕性。
進而,於本發明,提供一種半導體層合體,其特徵為於半導體晶圓上具有上述本發明之樹脂薄膜的硬化物者。
若為這般之半導體層合體,由於樹脂薄膜的強度與接著力高,成為藉由樹脂薄膜充分保護半導體晶圓者。
進而,於本發明,提供一種半導體裝置,其特徵為單片化上述本發明之半導體層合體者。
若為這般之半導體裝置,成為高品質者。
進而,於本發明,提供一種半導體層合體之製造方法,其特徵具有將上述本發明之樹脂薄膜貼附在半導體晶圓,鑄模該半導體晶圓之步驟、與加熱硬化前述樹脂薄膜之步驟。
若為這般之半導體層合體之製造方法,可製造藉由樹脂薄膜充分保護半導體晶圓之半導體層合體。
進而,於本發明,提供一種半導體裝置之製造方法,其特徵為具有將藉由上述本發明之半導體層合體之製造方法所製造之半導體層合體單片化之步驟。
若為這般之半導體裝置之製造方法,可製造高品質之半導體裝置。 [發明效果]
本發明之樹脂組成物可大幅提高硬化物的強度。進而,由於密著性、低翹曲性、接著性、晶圓保護性優異,變成可一併鑄模晶圓,成為可適合使用在晶圓等級封裝的樹脂薄膜。藉由使用此等發明,可提供產率良好且高品質之半導體裝置。
以下,更詳細說明本發明。
如上述,正尋求一種高強度,翹曲小,接著力優異之樹脂組成物、薄膜化該組成物而成之高強度樹脂薄膜、具有該樹脂薄膜的硬化物之半導體層合體及其製造方法,以及單片化該半導體層合體而成之半導體裝置及其製造方法。
本發明者們為了達成上述目的進行努力研究。其結果發現藉由組合(A)環氧樹脂、(B)特定構造之環氧化合物、(C)其他特定構造之環氧化合物、(D)酚性硬化劑及(E)硬化促進劑,得到硬化物的拉伸強度大,接著力亦高,翹曲亦小之樹脂組成物。進而,發現藉由薄膜化此前述樹脂組成物,成為可輕易操作之晶圓鑄模材,而完成本發明。
以下,雖針對本發明之實施的形態具體進行說明,但本發明並非被限定於此等。
[樹脂組成物] 本發明之樹脂組成物係包含(A)環氧樹脂、(B)含有特定烯丙基之環氧化合物、(C)不具有特定烯丙基之環氧化合物及(D)酚性硬化劑、(E)硬化促進劑者。
[(A)成分] 在本發明之樹脂組成物,(A)成分為環氧樹脂。作為前述環氧樹脂,雖可列舉雙酚A型環氧樹脂、雙酚F型環氧樹脂、雙酚AD型環氧樹脂、酚酚醛清漆型環氧樹脂、聯苯型環氧樹脂、萘型環氧樹脂、脂環式環氧樹脂、環氧丙基酯型環氧樹脂、環氧丙基胺型環氧樹脂、雜環式環氧樹脂、二芳基碸型環氧樹脂、聚矽氧改質環氧樹脂等,但並非被限定於此等。
作為前述聚矽氧改質環氧樹脂,特佳為下述式(4)表示,且重量平均分子量為3,000~500,000。此時,包含該聚矽氧改質環氧樹脂之組成物的硬化物,顯示更有耐藥品性、耐熱性、耐壓性。式(4)中,R1
~R6
分別獨立為碳數1~20之1價烴基或烷氧基,可為彼此相同亦可為相異。作為前述1價烴基,雖並未特別限定,但可列舉直鏈狀、分枝狀或環狀之烷基、烯基、炔基等。作為R1
~R6
,較佳為碳數1~12之1價烴基或烷氧基,更佳為碳數1~10之1價烴基或烷氧基,特佳為碳數1~6之1價烴基或烷氧基。作為R1
~R6
,較佳為甲基、乙基、丙基、己基、環己基、苯基等,其中,甲基及苯基從原料取得的容易性來看更佳。
式(4)中,a、b、c、d及e表示各重複單位之組成比,且滿足0<a<1、0≦b<1、0≦c<1、0<d<1、0≦e<1、0.67≦(b+d)/(a+c+e)≦1.67,且為a+b+c+d+e=1之正數。式(4)中,g為0~300之整數。
式(4)中,X為下述式(5)表示之2價有機基。(式中,E為單鍵或選自下述式之2價有機基)。
式(4)中,Y為含有下述式(6)表示之2價矽氧烷骨架之基。(式中,v為0~300之整數)。
式(4)中,Z為下述式(7)表示之2價有機基。(式中,G為單鍵或選自下述式之2價有機基)。
式(5)、(7)中,R7
、R8
、R9
及R10
為碳數1~20之1價烴基或烷氧基,可為彼此相同亦可為相異。作為R7
~R10
,較佳為碳數1~4,更佳為碳數1~2之烷基或烷氧基,具體而言,較佳為甲基、乙基、丙基、tert-丁基、甲氧基、乙氧基等。
式(5)、(7)中,t、u、w及x雖分別獨立為0~2之整數,但較佳為0。
式(4)表示之聚矽氧改質環氧樹脂的重量平均分子量(Mw) 雖為3,000~500,000,但較佳為5,000~200,000。式(4)表示之聚矽氧改質環氧樹脂可為無規共聚物,亦可為嵌段聚合物。
環氧樹脂可1種單獨,亦可組合2種以上使用。
式(4)表示之聚矽氧改質環氧樹脂,可使用選自下述式(8)表示之矽伸苯基化合物及下述式(9)~(12)表示之化合物中之化合物,藉由以下所示之方法製造。
(式中,R1
~R10
、E、G、g、t、u、v、w及x係與前述相同)。
式(4)表示之聚矽氧改質環氧樹脂可藉由氫矽烷化原料合成。此時,可於反應容器以放入全部原料的狀態進行反應,又亦可將一部分的原料先行反應,然後使殘留的原料進行反應,可使每一種類原料進行反應,反應之順序亦可任意選擇。各化合物的摻合比,以相對於上述式(10)及式(11)及式(12)表示之化合物所具有之烯基的莫耳數的合計之上述式(8)及式(9)表示之化合物所具有之氫矽烷基的莫耳數的合計為0.67~1.67,較佳為成為0.83~1.25的方式進行摻合即可。
此聚合反應係於觸媒存在下進行。觸媒可使用進行氫矽烷化眾所周知者。具體而言,雖使用鈀錯合物、銠錯合物、鉑錯合物等,但並非被限定於此等。觸媒較佳為相對於Si-H鍵,加入0.01~10.0莫耳%左右。若為0.01莫耳%以上,反應的進行不會遲緩,充分進行反應,若為10.0莫耳%以下,脫氫反應變難以進行,不會有阻礙加成反應的進行之虞。
作為聚合反應所使用之溶媒,可廣泛使用不阻礙氫矽烷化之有機溶媒。具體而言,雖可列舉辛烷、甲苯、四氫呋喃、二噁烷等,但並非被限定於此等。溶媒較佳為以溶質成為10~70質量%的方式使用。若為10質量%以上,反應系不會變薄,反應的進行不會變遲緩。又,若為70質量%以下,黏度不會提高,於反應途中,不會有系統中變無法充分攪拌之虞。
反應通常為40~150℃,較佳為60~120℃,特佳為於70~100℃的溫度進行。若反應溫度為150℃以下,變難以引起分解等之副反應,若為40℃以上,反應的進行不會變遲緩。又,反應時間通常為0.5~60小時,較佳為3~24小時,特佳為5~12小時。
[(B)成分] (B)成分為下述式(1)及/或(2)表示之環氧化合物。 (式中,A為單鍵或選自下述式之2價有機基)。
具體而言,以以下之構造表示。
上述A為2價有機基當中,特佳為以下者。藉由使用此等,可使組成物之硬化物的物性變更良好。
進而,藉由此等化合物所持有之烯丙基進行π-π相互作用,由於提昇強度,並且以埋入交聯間之間隙的方式進行作用,提昇硬化物的均質性,提昇韌性。藉此,作為密封材料使用時,由於可抑制因基板的翹曲導致之裂痕的發生,並且亦可抑制剝離,故適合使用在晶圓等級封裝。
(B)環氧化合物的含量相對於(A)成分含量100質量份,較佳為(B)成分為0.5~100質量份,更佳為3~50質量份。若(B)成分的含量為0.5質量份以上,充分得到強度提昇效果或對接著力提昇的效果,若為100質量份以下,由於難以對耐藥品性、彈性率、線膨脹係數帶來重大不良影響故較佳。
[(C)成分] (C)成分為下述式(3)表示之環氧化合物。(式中,A為單鍵或選自下述式之2價有機基)。
具體而言,以以下之構造表示。
上述A為2價有機基當中,特佳為以下者。
此等化合物(C)由於與(B)成分為非相溶系,藉由添加可部分性形成海島構造。將組成物於硬化時產生應力時,由於在海島構造中避開應力,作為構造體,變難以產生翹曲。亦即,作為密封材料使用時,由於可將基板的翹曲抑制在小,故可適合使用在晶圓等級封裝。
(C)環氧化合物的含量相對於(B)成分的摻合量,較佳為80質量%~120質量%。若(C)成分的含量為上述範圍內,可形成適當之海島構造。
[(D)成分] (D)成分之酚性硬化劑可廣泛使用公知者。作為硬化劑之構造,雖可例示以下所示者,但並非被限定於此等。
(D)成分的含量較佳為相對於組成物中之環氧基當量,以(D)成分中之酚性羥基當量成為70mol%~140mol%的方式進行摻合,更佳為90mol%~110mol%。若為前述範圍,則硬化反應可良好進行。若為前述範圍,環氧基或酚性羥基不會過度增加,信賴性變難以惡化。
[(E)成分] (E)成分之硬化促進劑若為可使用在環氧基之開環者,則可廣泛使用。作為前述硬化促進劑,可列舉咪唑、2-甲基咪唑、2-乙基咪唑、2-十一烷基咪唑、2-十七烷基咪唑、1,2-二甲基咪唑、2-乙基-4-甲基咪唑、2-苯基咪唑、2-苯基-4-甲基咪唑、1-苄基-2-甲基咪唑、1-氰基乙基-2-甲基咪唑、1-氰基乙基-2-十一烷基咪唑、1-氰基乙基-2-乙基-4-甲基咪唑、1-氰基乙基-2-苯基咪唑、2-苯基-4,5-二羥基甲基咪唑、2-苯基-4-甲基-5-羥基甲基咪唑等之咪唑類、2-乙基-4-甲基咪唑2-(二甲基胺基甲基)酚、乙烯二胺、三乙醇胺、1,8-二氮雜聯環[5.4.0]十一碳烯-7、參(二甲基胺基甲基)酚等之第3級胺類、二胺苯基膦、三苯基膦、三丁基膦等之有機膦類、辛酸錫等之金屬化合物、四苯基鏻・四苯基硼酸鹽、四苯基鏻・乙基三苯基硼酸鹽等之四取代鏻・四取代硼酸鹽等。
(E)成分的含量相對於(A)成分100質量份,較佳為0.05~20.0質量份,更佳為0.5~3.0質量份。若為前述範圍,則硬化反應不會過或不足來進行。若為0.05質量份以上,反應變難以不完全,若為20.0質量份以下,硬化物變難以變脆。
[(F)成分] 本發明之樹脂組成物為了給予晶圓保護性,進而提昇耐熱性、耐濕性、強度等,提昇硬化物的信賴性,作為(F)成分可包含無機填充劑。作為無機填充劑,例如可列舉滑石、燒成黏土、未燒成黏土、雲母、玻璃等之矽酸鹽、氧化鈦、氧化鋁、熔融二氧化矽(熔融球狀二氧化矽、熔融破碎二氧化矽)、結晶二氧化矽粉末等之氧化物、碳酸鈣、碳酸鎂、水滑石等之碳酸鹽、氫氧化鋁、氫氧化鎂、氫氧化鈣等之氫氧化物、硫酸鋇、硫酸鈣、亞硫酸鈣等之硫酸鹽或亞硫酸鹽、硼酸鋅、偏硼酸鋇、硼酸鋁、硼酸鈣、硼酸鈉等之硼酸鹽、氮化鋁、氮化硼、氮化矽等之氮化物等。此等之無機填充劑可1種單獨,亦可組合2種以上使用。此等當中,較佳為熔融二氧化矽、結晶二氧化矽等之二氧化矽粉末。作為前述二氧化矽粉末,例如可列舉煙燻二氧化矽、沉降性二氧化矽等之補強性二氧化矽;石英等之結晶性二氧化矽。具體而言,可列舉日本Aerosil(股)製之Aerosil(註冊商標)R972、R974、R976;(股)Admatechs製之SE-2050、SC-2050、SE-1050、SO-E1、SO-C1、SO-E2、SO-C2、SO-E3、SO-C3、SO-E5、SO-C5;信越化學工業(股)製之Musil 120A、Musil 130A等。
無機填充劑的平均粒徑雖並未特別限定,但較佳為0.01~20μm,更佳為0.01~10μm。若無機填充劑的平均粒子徑為0.01μm以上,由於無機填充劑變難以凝聚,強度提高故較佳。又,若為20μm以下,由於對晶片間之樹脂的流動性提高,填充性變良好故較佳。尚,平均粒徑可藉由由雷射光繞射法之粒度分布測定裝置求出,可作為質量平均值D50
(亦即,累積質量成為50%時之粒子徑或中位徑)測定。
(F)成分的含量係樹脂組成物的固體成分中,較佳為20~96質量%,更佳為50~96質量%,特佳為75~94質量%。若無機填充劑的含量為96質量%以下,由於加工性變良好且提昇強度故較佳。又,若為20質量%以上,充分發揮效果。尚,所謂固體成分係指有機溶劑以外之成分。
[(G)有機溶劑] 本發明之樹脂組成物作為(G)成分可包含有機溶劑。作為有機溶劑,例如可列舉N,N-二甲基乙醯胺、甲基乙基酮、N,N-二甲基甲醯胺、環己酮、環戊酮、N-甲基-2-吡咯烷酮、甲醇、乙醇、異丙醇、丙酮、丙二醇單甲基醚、丙二醇單甲基醚乙酸酯、甲苯、二甲苯等,雖特佳為甲基乙基酮、環戊酮、丙二醇單甲基醚、丙二醇單甲基醚乙酸酯,但並非被限定於此等。此等之有機溶劑可1種單獨亦可混合2種以上使用。有機溶劑的使用量較佳為於樹脂組成物中之固體成分濃度成為60~90質量%的量。
[其他成分] 本發明之樹脂組成物將阻燃性的提昇作為目的,可包含阻燃劑。作為阻燃劑,可列舉磷系阻燃劑,雖為未含有鹵素原子,賦予阻燃性者,但作為其例,可列舉偶磷氮(Phosphazene)化合物、磷酸酯化合物、磷酸酯醯胺化合物等。偶磷氮化合物或磷酸酯醯胺化合物由於於分子內含有磷原子與氮原子,得到特別高之阻燃性。阻燃劑的含量相對於(A)成分100質量份,較佳為5~30質量份。
本發明之樹脂組成物可包含矽烷偶合劑。藉由包含矽烷偶合劑,可更加提高對樹脂組成物之被接著體的密著性。作為矽烷偶合劑,可列舉環氧矽烷偶合劑、含有芳香族之胺基矽烷偶合劑等。此等可1種單獨,亦可組合2種以上使用。矽烷偶合劑的含量雖並未特別限定,但本發明之樹脂組成物當中,較佳為0.01~5質量%。
又,本發明之樹脂組成物可進一步更包含前述之以外的成分。例如為了提昇(A)成分與(B)成分的相溶性,或為了提昇樹脂組成物之儲藏安定性或作業性等之各種特性,可適當添加各種添加劑。例如可添加脂肪酸酯、甘油酸酯、硬脂酸鋅、硬脂酸鈣等之內部脫模劑、酚系、磷系或硫系抗氧化劑等。又,亦可使用碳等之顏料,來著色組成物。
其他成分雖可以無溶劑添加在本發明之樹脂組成物,但溶解或分散於有機溶劑,可作為溶液或分散液調製後添加。
又,較佳為上述樹脂組成物在硬化後之拉伸強度為6.0MPa以上,特佳為8.0~20.0MPa的範圍。若拉伸強度為6.0MPa以上,可防止因基板或晶片的熱導致之膨脹收縮、因半導體封裝搭載時之力等導致引發裂痕,亦即,顯示良好之耐裂痕性。
若為上述本發明之組成物,可一併鑄模(晶圓鑄模)晶圓,尤其是對於大口徑、薄膜晶圓具有良好之鑄模性,同時為高強度,具有難以引起與基板之剝離的高接著性・低翹曲性,可良好地進行鑄模步驟,可適合使用在晶圓等級封裝。
進而,使用本發明之樹脂組成物時,可將以往之樹脂組成物通常硬化後為10.0~20.0MPa之應力變成7.0~15.0MPa。於加入88重量%填料時之硬化物,有以往之樹脂組成物通常為5.0~13.0MPa之應力降低至3.0~9.0MPa左右的情況。藉由降低應力,除了封裝難以翹曲之外,由於拉伸強度或伸長率幾乎未變化,故適合使用在封裝材料。
[樹脂薄膜] 本發明之樹脂薄膜係薄膜化上述本發明之樹脂組成物者。亦即,本發明之樹脂薄膜係使用前述樹脂組成物,加工成薄膜狀所得到者。藉由形成成薄膜狀,成為大口徑、對於薄膜晶圓具有良好之鑄模性能者,一併鑄模晶圓時,由於不需要流入樹脂,故不會產生對晶圓表面之填充不良等之問題。又,若為使用前述樹脂組成物所形成之樹脂薄膜,由於強度或接著力高,成為難以引起各種錯誤之晶圓鑄模材。
本發明之樹脂薄膜在硬化後之拉伸強度較佳為6.0MPa以上,更佳為8.0~20.0MPa的範圍。若拉伸強度為6.0MPa以上,可防止因基板或晶片的熱導致之膨脹收縮、因半導體封裝搭載時之力等導致引發裂痕,亦即,顯示良好之耐裂痕性。
本發明之樹脂薄膜期望為將硬化後彈性率於無填料之薄膜成為150~1,500MPa,於放入填料之薄膜成為1,000~20,000MPa左右。藉由提高彈性率,使封裝變難以變形,有提昇保護性能的情況。
本發明之樹脂薄膜可為於由前述樹脂組成物所得之樹脂薄膜層合保護薄膜者。針對此情況之本發明之樹脂薄膜之製造方法的一例進行說明。
混合前述(A)~(E)成分,以及如有必要之(F)、(G)成分及其他成分,製作樹脂組成物溶液,將該樹脂組成物溶液使用反轉輥塗機、刮刀逗式塗佈機等,以成為所期望的厚度的方式塗佈在保護薄膜。藉由將塗佈前述樹脂組成物溶液之保護薄膜通過在線烘乾機,以80~160℃施加2~30分鐘去除有機溶劑,使其乾燥,其次藉由使用輥式層壓機,與其他保護薄膜壓著,進行層合,可得到形成樹脂薄膜之層合體薄膜。將此層合體薄膜作為晶圓鑄模材使用時,給予良好之鑄模性。
將本發明之樹脂組成物形成成薄膜狀時,厚度雖並未限制,但較佳為2mm以下,更佳為50μm以上1,200μm以下,再更佳為80~850μm。若為這般之厚度,作為半導體密封材料,由於保護性優異故較佳。
前述保護薄膜若為不損害由本發明之樹脂組成物所構成之樹脂薄膜的形態且可剝離者,雖並未特別限定,但為作為晶圓用之保護薄膜及剝離薄膜進行功能者,通常可列舉實施聚乙烯(PE)薄膜、聚丙烯(PP)薄膜、聚甲基戊烯(TPX)薄膜、脫模處理之聚酯薄膜等之塑料薄膜等。又,剝離力較佳為50~300mN/min。保護薄膜的厚度較佳為25~150μm,更佳為38~125μm。
[半導體層合體及其製造方法] 本發明之半導體層合體係於半導體晶圓上具有上述本發明之樹脂薄膜的硬化物者。本發明之半導體層合體之製造方法係具有將前述樹脂薄膜貼附在半導體晶圓,該鑄模半導體晶圓之步驟、與加熱硬化前述樹脂薄膜之步驟之方法。
作為前述半導體晶圓,即使為於表面載入半導體元件(晶片)之晶圓,亦可為於表面製作半導體元件之半導體晶圓。本發明之樹脂薄膜係於鑄模前對於這般之晶圓表面之填充性良好,又,於鑄模後具有高強度・高接著性,這般之晶圓的保護性亦優異。又,本發明之樹脂薄膜可適合使用在鑄模直徑8英寸以上,例如直徑8英寸(200mm)、12英寸(300mm)或其以上之大口徑的晶圓或薄膜晶圓。作為前述薄型晶圓,較佳為薄型加工成厚度5~400μm之晶圓。
針對使用本發明之樹脂薄膜之晶圓的鑄模方法,雖並未特別限定,但例如可藉由剝離貼附在樹脂薄膜上之一側的保護層,使用(股)Takatori製之真空層合機(製品名:TEAM-300),將真空腔室內設定在真空度50~1,000Pa,較佳為50~500Pa,例如設定在100Pa,以80~200℃,較佳為80~130℃例如100℃貼附在另一側的保護層之樹脂薄膜一併密著在前述晶圓,恢復到常壓後,將前述晶圓冷卻至室溫,從前述真空層合機取出,剝離另一側的保護層來進行。
又,對於層合半導體晶片之晶圓,可適合使用具備壓縮鑄模裝置或真空隔膜層合機與用以平坦化之金屬板沖壓的裝置等。例如作為壓縮鑄模裝置,可使用Apic Yamada(股)製之裝置(製品名:MZ-824-01),鑄模層合半導體晶片之300mm矽晶圓時,可用100~180℃、成型壓力100~300kN、箝位時間30~90秒、成型時間5~20分鐘進行成型。
又,作為具備真空隔膜層合機與用以平坦化之金屬板沖壓的裝置,可使用Nichigo-Morton(股)製之裝置(製品名:CVP-300),以層壓溫度100~180℃、真空度50~500Pa、壓力0.1~0.9MPa、層壓時間30~300秒層合後,再以上下熱板溫度100~180℃、壓力0.1~3.0MPa、加壓時間30~300秒,平坦化樹脂成型面。
鑄模後,藉由以120~220℃、15~360分鐘的條件加熱樹脂薄膜,可硬化樹脂薄膜。藉此,而得到半導體層合體。
[半導體裝置及其製造方法] 本發明之半導體裝置係單片化上述本發明之半導體層合體而成者。本發明之半導體裝置之製造方法係具有將藉由上述本發明之半導體層合體之製造方法所製造之半導體層合體單片化之步驟的方法。如此一來,藉由單片化以樹脂薄膜鑄模之半導體晶圓,得到具有加熱硬化皮膜之半導體裝置。鑄模之晶圓於切割膠帶等之半導體加工用保護膠帶,以接觸鑄模樹脂面或晶圓面的方式貼合,設置在切塊機之吸著桌上,此經鑄模之晶圓使用具有切割刀片之切割鋸(例如(股)DISCO製DFD6361)切斷。切割時之主軸回轉數及切斷速度雖適當選擇即可,但通常為主軸回轉數25,000~45,000rpm、切斷速度10~50mm/sec。又,經單片化之尺寸雖因半導體封裝的設計而異,但大致為2mm× 2mm~30mm×30mm左右。
如此一來,以前述樹脂薄膜鑄模之半導體晶圓由於樹脂薄膜的強度與接著力高,由於成為充分保護半導體晶圓者,藉由將此單片化,可製造產率良好且高品質之半導體裝置。 [實施例]
以下,雖表示合成例、實施例及比較例更具體說明本發明,但本發明並非被限定於下述之實施例。
使用之化合物S-1~S-8係如以下。
[環氧化合物(1)合成例] 於具備攪拌機、溫度計、氮取代裝置及回流冷卻器之5L燒瓶內,加入化合物S-1 617g(2.0莫耳)、甲醇256g(8.0莫耳)、表氯醇852g(8.0莫耳),耗費2小時添加氫氧化鈉768g(19.2莫耳),然後,將溫度提昇至60℃反應3小時。反應後,加入甲苯500mL,以純水洗淨至水層成為中性為止後,有機層中之溶媒於減壓下去除,而得到環氧化合物(1) 757g(1.8莫耳)。環氧化合物(1)
[環氧化合物(2)合成例] 於具備攪拌機、溫度計、氮取代裝置及回流冷卻器之5L燒瓶內,加入化合物S-1 617g(2.0莫耳)、甲醇256g(8.0莫耳)、烯丙基氯724g(8.0莫耳),直接粒狀耗費2小時添加氫氧化鈉768g(19.2莫耳),添加結束後,加溫至60℃熟成3小時。然後,於反應溶液中加入甲苯500mL,純水進行洗淨作業至水層成為中性為止後,將有機層中之有機溶媒於減壓下去除,而得到粗生成物740g。將此再度轉移至具備攪拌機、溫度計、氮取代裝置及回流冷卻器之5L燒瓶,藉由於180℃攪拌4小時,引起克萊森轉移。然後,將系統中溫度下降至45℃,再度加入甲醇245g(7.6莫耳)、表氯醇810g(7.6莫耳),耗費1小時添加氫氧化鈉365g(9.1莫耳),然後,將溫度提昇至60℃反應3小時。反應後,加入甲苯500mL,以純水洗淨至水層成為中性為止後,將有機層中之有溶媒於減壓下餾除,而得到環氧化合物(2) 851g(1.7莫耳)。環氧化合物(2)
[1]樹脂的合成 在合成例,重量平均分子量(Mw)使用GPC管柱TSKgel Super HZM-H(東曹(股)製),以流量0.6mL/分鐘、溶出溶媒四氫呋喃、管柱溫度40℃的分析條件,藉由將單分散聚苯乙烯作為標準之凝膠滲透層析(GPC)所測定之值。
[樹脂合成例1] 於具備攪拌機、溫度計、氮取代裝置及回流冷卻器之3L燒瓶內,加入化合物S-2 195.9g(0.333莫耳)後,加入甲苯1,400g,加溫至70℃。然後,投入氯鉑酸甲苯溶液(鉑濃度0.5質量%)1.0g,分別耗費1小時滴下化合物S-3 414.9g(0.267莫耳)及化合物S-4 13.0g(0.067莫耳)(氫矽烷基的合計莫耳數/烯基的合計莫耳數=0.5/0.5=1/1)。滴下結束後,加溫至100℃,熟成6小時後,從反應溶液減壓餾除甲苯,而得到下述式表示之樹脂1 570g。樹脂1之Mw為37,400。尚,樹脂1中所包含之矽氧烷量為67質量%。
[樹脂合成例2] 於具備攪拌機、溫度計、氮取代裝置及回流冷卻器之3L燒瓶內,加入化合物S-2 133.5g(0.227莫耳)後,加入甲苯1,500g,加溫至70℃。然後,投入氯鉑酸甲苯溶液(鉑濃度0.5質量%)1.0g,分別耗費1小時滴下化合物S-5 525.6g(0.182莫耳)及化合物S-4 8.8g(0.045莫耳)(氫矽烷基的合計莫耳數/烯基的合計莫耳數=0.500/0.500=1)。滴下結束後,加溫至100℃,熟成6小時後,從反應溶液減壓餾除甲苯,而得到下述式表示之樹脂2 605g。樹脂2之Mw為51,100。尚,樹脂2中所包含之矽氧烷量為79質量%。
[樹脂合成例3] 於具備攪拌機、溫度計、氮取代裝置及回流冷卻器之3L燒瓶內,加入化合物S-2 104.9g(0.179莫耳)及化合物S-6 61.5g(0.143莫耳)及化合物S-7 6.6g(0.036莫耳)後,加入甲苯1,600g,加溫至70℃。然後,投入氯鉑酸甲苯溶液(鉑濃度0.5質量%)1.0g,分別耗費1小時滴下化合物S-5 516.3g(0.179莫耳)及化合物S-4 34.7g(0.179莫耳)(氫矽烷基的合計莫耳數/烯基的合計莫耳數=0.500/0.500=1.00)。滴下結束後,加溫至100℃,熟成6小時後,從反應溶液減壓餾除甲苯,而得到樹脂3 680g。樹脂3之Mw為46,800。尚,樹脂3中所包含之矽氧烷量為72質量%。
[樹脂合成例4] 於具備攪拌機、溫度計、氮取代裝置及回流冷卻器之3L燒瓶內,加入化合物S-8 140.2g(0.333莫耳)後,加入甲苯1,500g,加溫至70℃。然後,投入氯鉑酸甲苯溶液(鉑濃度0.5質量%)1.0g,耗費1小時滴下S-3 518.7g(0.333莫耳)(氫矽烷基的合計莫耳數/烯基的合計莫耳數=0.500/0.500=1.00)。滴下結束後,加溫至100℃,熟成6小時後,從反應溶液減壓餾除甲苯,而得到樹脂4 610g。樹脂4之Mw為49,500。尚,樹脂4中所包含之矽氧烷量為79質量%。
[樹脂合成例5] 於具備攪拌機、溫度計、氮取代裝置及回流冷卻器之3L燒瓶內,加入化合物S-8 420.5g(1.000莫耳)後,加入甲苯1,400g,加溫至70℃。然後,投入氯鉑酸甲苯溶液(鉑濃度0.5質量%)1.0g,分別耗費1小時滴下S-4 194.4g(1.000莫耳)(氫矽烷基的合計莫耳數/烯基的合計莫耳數=1.000/1.000=1.00)。滴下結束後,加溫至100℃,熟成6小時後,從反應溶液減壓餾除甲苯,而得到樹脂5 570g。樹脂5之Mw為53,200。尚,樹脂5中未包含矽氧烷。
[2]樹脂薄膜的製作 [實施例1~20及比較例1~16] 以下述表1~4所記載之組成,摻合(A)合成例5所合成之環氧樹脂(樹脂5)或合成例1~4所合成之聚矽氧改質環氧樹脂(樹脂1~4)、(B)環氧化合物(1)~(2)、(C)環氧化合物(3)、(D)酚性硬化劑、(E)硬化促進劑及(F)無機填充劑。進而,添加以固形成分濃度成為65質量%的量之環戊酮,使用攪拌器或均質機攪拌,進行混合及分散,調製樹脂組成物之分散液。以相對於(A)成分中所包含之環氧基與(B)(C)成分中所包含之環氧基的當量,酚當量成為相同的方式加入(D)酚性硬化劑。
使用模具塗佈機作為薄膜塗佈機,使用E7304(商品名、東洋紡(股)製聚酯、厚度75μm、剝離力200mN/50mm)作為保護薄膜,將各樹脂組成物塗佈在保護薄膜上。其次,藉由放入設定在100℃之烤箱30分鐘,使溶劑完全蒸發,將膜厚100μm的樹脂薄膜形成在前述保護薄膜上。
將於上述以外使用在樹脂組成物的調製之各成分示於下述。
[環氧化合物] 環氧化合物(3)環氧化合物(3)
[酚性硬化劑]酚化合物(1)酚化合物(2)酚化合物(3)
[硬化促進劑] ・CUREZOL2P4MHZ(四國化成工業(股)製、2-苯基-4-甲基-5-羥基甲基咪唑)
[無機填充劑] ・二氧化矽((股)Admatechs製、平均粒徑5.0μm)
[3]樹脂薄膜的評估 針對所得之樹脂薄膜,用以下之方法進行評估。將結果示於表1~4。
<拉伸強度之測定方法> 使用拉伸強度測定裝置(島津製作所製AutographAGS-5kNG),測定經製作已完成硬化之薄膜的拉伸彈性率、強度及伸長率。樹脂薄膜的硬化條件定為180℃×4小時。
<接著試驗方法> 將經製作之薄膜貼附在20mm平方矽晶圓,從其上按住切出2mm平方之矽晶片,加熱硬化(180℃×4小時)該等,然後,使用接著力測定裝置(諾信先進技術公司製萬能型鍵合測試儀系列4000(DS-100)),測定從晶片的側面排斥時之接著力(模具共享測試)。
<翹曲應力測定試驗方法> 將經製作之薄膜在薄膜層合機(TAKATORI TEAM-100),層合在矽晶圓上,進行加熱硬化(180℃×4小時),將該等以東朋Techology公司製薄膜應力測定裝置(FLX-2320-S)來測定翹曲應力。
以上之結果,從本發明之樹脂組成物所得之樹脂薄膜,與從未包含(C)成分之組成物所得之比較例的樹脂薄膜相比較,儘管強度與接著力差別不大,與未包含二氧化矽之表1、3彼此或包含二氧化矽之表2、4彼此相比較時,翹曲應力大幅降低。由此特徵,可說將本發明之樹脂組成物使用在半導體密封用薄膜時,難以引起裂痕或剝離,翹曲亦小。
本發明之樹脂組成物藉由適當組合包含持有烯丙基之特定構造的環氧化合物與未持有烯丙基之環氧化合物,可大幅改善硬化物的強度與接著力、翹曲應力。藉此,例如於薄膜狀鑄模用途使用本發明之樹脂組成物時,對於晶片搭載晶圓,可顯示良好之耐裂痕性、低翹曲性、難剝離性。
尚,本發明並非被限定於上述實施形態。上述實施形態為例示,若為具有與本發明之申請專利範圍所記載之技術思想實質上為同一之構成,發揮同樣之作用效果者,無論何者皆包含在本發明之技術範圍。
Claims (13)
- 一種樹脂組成物,其特徵為包含: (A)環氧樹脂、 (B)下述式(1)及/或式(2)所記載之環氧化合物、 (C)下述式(3)表示之環氧化合物、 (D)酚性硬化劑及 (E)硬化促進劑,(式中,A為單鍵或選自下述式之2價有機基)。
- 如請求項1之樹脂組成物,其中,前述(A)成分為聚矽氧改質環氧樹脂。
- 如請求項2之樹脂組成物,其中,前述聚矽氧改質環氧樹脂係以下述式(4)表示,且重量平均分子量為3,000~500,000,[式中,R1 ~R6 分別獨立為碳數1~20之1價烴基或烷氧基,可為彼此相同亦可為相異;又,a、b、c、d及e表示各重複單位之組成比,且滿足0<a<1、0≦b<1、0≦c<1、0<d<1、0≦e<1、0.67≦(b+d)/(a+c+e)≦1.67,且為a+b+c +d+e=1之正數;g為0~300之整數;X為下述式(5)表示之2價有機基;Y為含有下述式(6)表示之2價矽氧烷骨架之基;Z為下述式(7)表示之2價有機基](式中,E為單鍵或選自下述式之2價有機基;R7 及R8 為碳數1~20之1價烴基或烷氧基,可為彼此相同亦可為相異;t及u分別獨立為0~2之整數)(式中,v為0~300之整數)(式中,G為單鍵或選自下述式之2價有機基;R9 及R10 為碳數1~20之1價烴基或烷氧基,可為彼此相同亦可為相異;w及x分別獨立為0~2之整數)。
- 如請求項1至請求項3中任一項之樹脂組成物,其中,前述樹脂組成物在硬化後之拉伸強度為6.0MPa以上。
- 如請求項1至請求項4中任一項之樹脂組成物,其中,前述(B)成分相對於前述(A)成分100質量份,包含0.5~100質量份。
- 如請求項1至請求項5中任一項之樹脂組成物,其係進一步包含(F)無機填充劑。
- 如請求項6之樹脂組成物,其中,前述無機填充劑為二氧化矽,前述樹脂組成物中包含20~96質量%。
- 一種樹脂薄膜,其特徵為薄膜化如請求項1至請求項7中任一項之樹脂組成物。
- 如請求項8之樹脂薄膜,其中,前述樹脂薄膜在硬化後之拉伸強度為6.0MPa以上。
- 一種半導體層合體,其特徵為於半導體晶圓上具有如請求項8或如請求項9之樹脂薄膜的硬化物。
- 一種半導體裝置,其特徵為單片化如請求項10之半導體層合體。
- 一種半導體層合體之製造方法,其特徵為具有將如請求項8或如請求項9之樹脂薄膜貼附在半導體晶圓,鑄模該半導體晶圓之步驟,與加熱硬化前述樹脂薄膜之步驟。
- 一種半導體裝置之製造方法,其特徵為具有將藉由如請求項12之半導體層合體之製造方法所製造之半導體層合體單片化之步驟。
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US20190070837A1 (en) | 2019-03-07 |
KR20190027729A (ko) | 2019-03-15 |
US10730273B2 (en) | 2020-08-04 |
KR102590185B1 (ko) | 2023-10-18 |
EP3453730B1 (en) | 2021-06-16 |
JP2019048906A (ja) | 2019-03-28 |
CN109467941A (zh) | 2019-03-15 |
TWI741212B (zh) | 2021-10-01 |
CN109467941B (zh) | 2022-02-11 |
EP3453730A1 (en) | 2019-03-13 |
JP6754741B2 (ja) | 2020-09-16 |
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