TW201605770A - 4級銨鹽化合物、光阻下層膜形成用組成物及圖案形成方法 - Google Patents
4級銨鹽化合物、光阻下層膜形成用組成物及圖案形成方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CATSNJVOTSVZJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptan-2-one Chemical compound CCCCCC(C)=O CATSNJVOTSVZJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ICIWUVCWSCSTAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M iodate Chemical compound [O-]I(=O)=O ICIWUVCWSCSTAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940005633 iodate ion Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- SZNYYWIUQFZLLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopropylmethyl ether Natural products CC(C)COCC(C)C SZNYYWIUQFZLLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- RVPVRDXYQKGNMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(2+) Chemical compound [Pb+2] RVPVRDXYQKGNMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ZEIWWVGGEOHESL-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanol;titanium Chemical compound [Ti].OC.OC.OC.OC ZEIWWVGGEOHESL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IKGXNCHYONXJSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanolate;zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-]C.[O-]C.[O-]C.[O-]C IKGXNCHYONXJSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- FTWKTOVWPKRLHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxyaluminum Chemical compound CO[Al] FTWKTOVWPKRLHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GHAMDDWKPOYZGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxyarsenic Chemical compound CO[As] GHAMDDWKPOYZGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ZQJCTSOMGUURGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxyboron Chemical compound [B]OC ZQJCTSOMGUURGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JGBBEDHDVABGGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxygallium Chemical compound CO[Ga] JGBBEDHDVABGGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QQKLEWWGQDVDND-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxytin Chemical compound CO[Sn] QQKLEWWGQDVDND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940095102 methyl benzoate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- CRVGTESFCCXCTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(C)CCO CRVGTESFCCXCTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940017219 methyl propionate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- OLXYLDUSSBULGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl pyridine-4-carboxylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=NC=C1 OLXYLDUSSBULGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZIYVHBGGAOATLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylmalonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(C)C(O)=O ZIYVHBGGAOATLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- NSZRJEQFXFOQPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dipropylbutan-2-amine Chemical compound CCCN(CCC)C(C)CC NSZRJEQFXFOQPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021313 oleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002923 oximes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AZCUJQOIQYJWQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-) titanium(4+) trihydrate Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4].O.O.O AZCUJQOIQYJWQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-toluenesulfonic acid Substances CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QNGNSVIICDLXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N para-ethylbenzaldehyde Natural products CCC1=CC=C(C=O)C=C1 QNGNSVIICDLXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004115 pentoxy group Chemical group [*]OC([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- VOPZDTIRUBJGNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentoxyboron Chemical compound [B]OCCCCC VOPZDTIRUBJGNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M perchlorate Chemical compound [O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- IFFPHDYFQRRKPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol;titanium Chemical compound [Ti].OC1=CC=CC=C1.OC1=CC=CC=C1.OC1=CC=CC=C1.OC1=CC=CC=C1 IFFPHDYFQRRKPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000951 phenoxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(O*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- AVKUWNUBPFREQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenoxyarsenic Chemical compound [As]OC1=CC=CC=C1 AVKUWNUBPFREQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PIZWVRTVVYPAID-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenoxyboron Chemical compound [B]OC1=CC=CC=C1 PIZWVRTVVYPAID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CSRCVZZUZZRSEH-UHFFFAOYSA-M phenoxytin Chemical compound [Sn]OC1=CC=CC=C1 CSRCVZZUZZRSEH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229960004838 phosphoric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus pentoxide Inorganic materials O1P(O2)(=O)OP3(=O)OP1(=O)OP2(=O)O3 DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108091008695 photoreceptors Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001414 potassium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- HKJYVRJHDIPMQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-olate;titanium(4+) Chemical compound CCCO[Ti](OCCC)(OCCC)OCCC HKJYVRJHDIPMQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XPGAWFIWCWKDDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-olate;zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [Zr+4].CCC[O-].CCC[O-].CCC[O-].CCC[O-] XPGAWFIWCWKDDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002572 propoxy group Chemical group [*]OC([H])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- PMBLYMFPRDUCBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N propoxyboron Chemical compound [B]OCCC PMBLYMFPRDUCBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940090181 propyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930004725 sesquiterpene Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000004354 sesquiterpene derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000123 silicon containing inorganic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010421 standard material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001427 strontium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PWYYWQHXAPXYMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium(2+) Chemical compound [Sr+2] PWYYWQHXAPXYMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001384 succinic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-O sulfonium group Chemical group [SH3+] RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 150000003505 terpenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000007586 terpenes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003527 tetrahydropyrans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QEMXHQIAXOOASZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethylammonium Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)C QEMXHQIAXOOASZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BXYHVFRRNNWPMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethylphosphanium Chemical compound C[P+](C)(C)C BXYHVFRRNNWPMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LPSKDVINWQNWFE-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrapropylazanium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CCC[N+](CCC)(CCC)CCC LPSKDVINWQNWFE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000003685 thermal hair damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- JMXKSZRRTHPKDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium ethoxide Chemical compound [Ti+4].CC[O-].CC[O-].CC[O-].CC[O-] JMXKSZRRTHPKDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- WOZZOSDBXABUFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tri(butan-2-yloxy)alumane Chemical compound [Al+3].CCC(C)[O-].CCC(C)[O-].CCC(C)[O-] WOZZOSDBXABUFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylamine Chemical compound CCCCN(CCCC)CCCC IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YNJBWRMUSHSURL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl YNJBWRMUSHSURL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphate Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(OCC)OCC DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BDZBKCUKTQZUTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphite Chemical compound CCOP(OCC)OCC BDZBKCUKTQZUTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-O triethylammonium ion Chemical compound CC[NH+](CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- ILWRPSCZWQJDMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylazanium;chloride Chemical compound Cl.CCN(CC)CC ILWRPSCZWQJDMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QFCVQKSWGFVMTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N trihexoxyalumane Chemical compound [Al+3].CCCCCC[O-].CCCCCC[O-].CCCCCC[O-] QFCVQKSWGFVMTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WVLBCYQITXONBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl phosphate Chemical compound COP(=O)(OC)OC WVLBCYQITXONBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CYTQBVOFDCPGCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl phosphite Chemical compound COP(OC)OC CYTQBVOFDCPGCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IZZJFYRUBHOMBL-UHFFFAOYSA-M trimethyl(2-methyldecyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCC(C)C[N+](C)(C)C IZZJFYRUBHOMBL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- YSXXGOKILPYXSH-UHFFFAOYSA-O trimethylazanium;nitrate Chemical compound C[NH+](C)C.[O-][N+]([O-])=O YSXXGOKILPYXSH-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- LIJDDOXRYWAXQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripentoxyalumane Chemical compound CCCCCO[Al](OCCCCC)OCCCCC LIJDDOXRYWAXQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OPSWAWSNPREEFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K triphenoxyalumane Chemical compound [Al+3].[O-]C1=CC=CC=C1.[O-]C1=CC=CC=C1.[O-]C1=CC=CC=C1 OPSWAWSNPREEFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- OBROYCQXICMORW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropoxyalumane Chemical compound [Al+3].CCC[O-].CCC[O-].CCC[O-] OBROYCQXICMORW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RXPQRKFMDQNODS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropyl phosphate Chemical compound CCCOP(=O)(OCCC)OCCC RXPQRKFMDQNODS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QOPBTFMUVTXWFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropyl phosphite Chemical compound CCCOP(OCCC)OCCC QOPBTFMUVTXWFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropylamine Chemical compound CCCN(CCC)CCC YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
- DJIFSIBYHXVGSS-UHFFFAOYSA-J zirconium(4+);tetraphenoxide Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-]C1=CC=CC=C1.[O-]C1=CC=CC=C1.[O-]C1=CC=CC=C1.[O-]C1=CC=CC=C1 DJIFSIBYHXVGSS-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/31—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to form insulating layers thereon, e.g. for masking or by using photolithographic techniques; After treatment of these layers; Selection of materials for these layers
- H01L21/3205—Deposition of non-insulating-, e.g. conductive- or resistive-, layers on insulating layers; After-treatment of these layers
- H01L21/321—After treatment
- H01L21/3213—Physical or chemical etching of the layers, e.g. to produce a patterned layer from a pre-deposited extensive layer
- H01L21/32133—Physical or chemical etching of the layers, e.g. to produce a patterned layer from a pre-deposited extensive layer by chemical means only
- H01L21/32135—Physical or chemical etching of the layers, e.g. to produce a patterned layer from a pre-deposited extensive layer by chemical means only by vapour etching only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C211/00—Compounds containing amino groups bound to a carbon skeleton
- C07C211/62—Quaternary ammonium compounds
- C07C211/63—Quaternary ammonium compounds having quaternised nitrogen atoms bound to acyclic carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C219/00—Compounds containing amino and esterified hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
- C07C219/02—Compounds containing amino and esterified hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having esterified hydroxy groups and amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton
- C07C219/04—Compounds containing amino and esterified hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having esterified hydroxy groups and amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated
- C07C219/14—Compounds containing amino and esterified hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having esterified hydroxy groups and amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated having at least one of the hydroxy groups esterified by a carboxylic acid having the esterifying carboxyl group bound to a carbon atom of a six-membered aromatic ring
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C219/00—Compounds containing amino and esterified hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
- C07C219/26—Compounds containing amino and esterified hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having esterified hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of at least one six-membered aromatic ring and amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms or to carbon atoms of rings other than six-membered aromatic rings of the same carbon skeleton
- C07C219/28—Compounds containing amino and esterified hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having esterified hydroxy groups bound to carbon atoms of at least one six-membered aromatic ring and amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms or to carbon atoms of rings other than six-membered aromatic rings of the same carbon skeleton having amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the carbon skeleton
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C229/00—Compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
- C07C229/02—Compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having amino and carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton
- C07C229/04—Compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having amino and carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated
- C07C229/06—Compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having amino and carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated having only one amino and one carboxyl group bound to the carbon skeleton
- C07C229/10—Compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having amino and carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated having only one amino and one carboxyl group bound to the carbon skeleton the nitrogen atom of the amino group being further bound to acyclic carbon atoms or to carbon atoms of rings other than six-membered aromatic rings
- C07C229/12—Compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having amino and carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated having only one amino and one carboxyl group bound to the carbon skeleton the nitrogen atom of the amino group being further bound to acyclic carbon atoms or to carbon atoms of rings other than six-membered aromatic rings to carbon atoms of acyclic carbon skeletons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C229/00—Compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
- C07C229/38—Compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and carboxyl groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings of the same carbon skeleton
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/16—Nitrogen-containing compounds
- C08K5/17—Amines; Quaternary ammonium compounds
- C08K5/19—Quaternary ammonium compounds
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/075—Silicon-containing compounds
- G03F7/0752—Silicon-containing compounds in non photosensitive layers or as additives, e.g. for dry lithography
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/09—Photosensitive materials characterised by structural details, e.g. supports, auxiliary layers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/004—Photosensitive materials
- G03F7/09—Photosensitive materials characterised by structural details, e.g. supports, auxiliary layers
- G03F7/094—Multilayer resist systems, e.g. planarising layers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/027—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34
- H01L21/0271—Making masks on semiconductor bodies for further photolithographic processing not provided for in group H01L21/18 or H01L21/34 comprising organic layers
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Abstract
本發明提供一種4級銨鹽化合物,藉由添加於光阻下層膜形成用組成物,尤其於KrF曝光處理,比起使用習知之含矽光阻下層膜時更能抑制反射,改善圖案形狀。一種下列通式(A-1)表示之4級銨鹽化合物; 【化1】□(式中,R1 、R2 、R3 表示烷基、烯基、芳基、或芳烷基,且一部分或全部的氫原子也可以取代為羥基、烷氧基、或鹵素原子,且也可以有羰基、酯鍵中之1種以上。R4 表示單鍵、伸烷基、伸烯基、伸芳基、或伸芳烷基,且一部分或全部的氫原子也可以取代為烷氧基或鹵素原子,也可以有醚鍵、羰基、酯鍵、醯胺鍵中之1種以上。A- 為非親核性相對離子)。
Description
本發明係關於4級銨鹽化合物、含有此化合物之光阻下層膜形成用組成物、及使用其之圖案形成方法。
作為光阻圖案形成時使用之曝光光,於1980年代廣泛使用將水銀燈之g射線(436nm)或i射線(365nm)作為光源的光曝光。就進一步微細化之方法而言,將曝光波長短波長化之方法據認為有效,在1990年代之64M位元(加工尺寸0.25μm以下)DRAM(動態隨機存取記憶體)以後的量產處理,利用短波長之KrF準分子雷射(248nm)代替i射線(365nm)作為曝光光源。但是於製造須更微細加工技術(加工尺寸0.2μm以下)之密集度256M及1G以上之DRAM時,須要更短波長的光源,約莫10年前起已正式有人探討使用ArF準分子雷射(193nm)之光微影。
當初ArF微影應從180nm節點之裝置之製作開始適用,但因為KrF準分子微影延用到130nm節點裝置量產為止,ArF微影之正式適用是從90nm節點開始。再者,已和NA提高到0.9的透鏡組合並進行65nm節點裝置之量產。於之後的45nm節點裝置,曝光波長之短波長化更為推進,可列舉波長157nm之F2
微影為候選者。
但是投影透鏡因為大量使用昂貴的CaF2
單晶,造成曝光掃描機的成本升高、軟式防護膠片的耐久性極低故導入硬式防護膠片,伴隨此導致光學系變更、光阻膜之蝕刻耐性降低等各種問題,因此F2
微影的開發中止,並導入ArF浸潤微影。
ArF浸潤微影時,藉由於投影透鏡與晶圓之間將折射率1.44之水以部分填滿的方式插入,藉此可實施高速掃描,可利用NA1.3級之透鏡進行45nm節點裝置之量產。
作為32nm節點之微影技術可以列舉波長13.5nm之真空紫外光(EUV)微影為候選者。EUV微影之問題點可列舉雷射之高輸出化、光阻膜之高感度化、高解像度化、低線邊緣粗糙度(LER)化、無缺陷MoSi疊層遮罩、反射鏡之低像差化等,待克服的問題堆積如山。
為32nm節點之另一候選者的高折射率浸潤微影,因為高折射率透鏡候選者LUAG之穿透率低、及液體之折射率未達到目標之1.8,因而開發中止。
如以上,作為泛用技術使用的光曝光,已逐漸逼近來自光源之波長之固有的解像度的極限。近年來將利用習知之鹼顯影所為之正調之圖案形成無法達成之非常微細的孔圖案以利用有機溶劑顯影所為負調來形成圖案之有機溶劑顯影再度受人重視。其係使用高解像性之正型光阻組成物,以有機溶劑顯影來形成負圖案之處理。而且,藉由將鹼顯影與有機溶劑顯影之2次顯影予以組合來得到2倍解像力的研究也在進行中(專利文獻1~3)。
作為將如此的微影圖案轉印到基板的一方法有多層光阻法。此方法係使光阻膜,亦即和光阻上層膜的蝕刻選擇性不同的中間膜,例如含矽光阻下層膜插入於光阻上層膜與被加工基板之間,於光阻上層膜獲得圖案後,將上層光阻圖案作為乾蝕刻遮罩,利用乾蝕刻對於光阻下層膜轉印圖案,再將光阻下層膜作為乾蝕刻遮罩,利用乾蝕刻在被加工基板轉印圖案之方法。
作為於如此的多層光阻法使用者,周知者有含矽膜形成用組成物。例如利用CVD獲得之含矽之無機膜,例如SiO2
膜(專利文獻4)、SiON膜(專利文獻5),作為利用旋轉塗佈獲得膜者,有SOG(旋塗玻璃)膜(專利文獻6)、交聯性倍半矽氧烷膜(專利文獻7)等。 [先前技術文獻] [專利文獻]
[專利文獻1]日本特開2008-281974號公報 [專利文獻2]日本特開2008-281980號公報 [專利文獻3]日本特開2009-053657號公報 [專利文獻4]日本特開平7-183194號公報 [專利文獻5]日本特開平7-181688號公報 [專利文獻6]日本特開2007-302873號公報 [專利文獻7]日本特表2005-520354號公報
[發明欲解決之課題]
本案發明人等針對至今為止的含矽光阻下層膜形成用組成物之微影特性、安定性努力研究,並提供含如日本專利4716037號公報所示之熱交聯促進劑之含矽光阻下層膜形成用組成物,可以提供蝕刻選擇性與保存安定性良好的含矽光阻下層膜。
但是半導體裝置之微細化不只是基板圖案線寬的細線化之橫方向的微細化而已,向深方向之疊層化,所謂利用3維化之高密度化進行,就基板加工之處理而言,高度方向之加工也變得重要。而,作為蝕刻遮罩之塗佈膜之膜厚為必要,原本認為不須硬遮罩的鬆弛的設計圖案也變得須要蝕刻用硬遮罩。
本發明有鑑於上述情事,目的在於提供一種4級銨鹽化合物,藉由添加到光阻下層膜形成用組成物,尤其在KrF曝光處理,比起使用以往的含矽光阻下層膜時更能抑制反射,並改善圖案形狀。 [解決課題之方式]
為了解決上述課題,本發明提供下列通式(A-1)表示之4級銨鹽化合物。 【化1】(式中,R1
、R2
、R3
各表示碳數1~12之直鏈狀、分支狀、或環狀之烷基或烯基、碳數6~20之芳基、或碳數7~12之芳烷基,且該等基之氫原子之一部分或全部也可以取代為羥基、烷氧基、或鹵素原子,且也可以有羰基、酯鍵中之1種以上。R4
表示單鍵、碳數1~12之直鏈狀、分支狀、或環狀之伸烷基或伸烯基、碳數6~20之伸芳基、或碳數7~12之伸芳烷基,且該等基之氫原子之一部分或全部也可以取代為烷氧基或鹵素原子,也可以有醚鍵、羰基、酯鍵、醯胺鍵中之1種以上。A-
為非親核性相對離子。)
若為如此的4級銨鹽化合物,藉由添加到光阻下層膜形成用組成物,尤其能抑制在KrF曝光處理之反射,且可形成對於於其上形成之光阻圖案呈現良好密合性之光阻下層膜。
又,本發明提供含有上述4級銨鹽化合物及聚矽氧烷之光阻下層膜形成用組成物。
若為如此的光阻下層膜形成用組成物,尤其可抑制於KrF曝光處理之反射,和形成於光阻下層膜上之光阻圖案之密合性良好,能夠形成光阻下層膜之上層光阻圖案與下層例如有機下層膜之間有良好之乾蝕刻選擇性的光阻下層膜。
此時,前述聚矽氧烷宜含有下列通式(B-1)表示之化合物、此等之水解物、此等之縮合物、此等之水解縮合物中之1種以上較佳。 R1B B1
R2B B2
R3B B3
Si(OR0B
)(4-B1-B2-B3)
(B-1) (式中,R0B
為碳數1~6之烴基,R1B
、R2B
、R3B
為氫原子或1價之有機基。又,B1、B2、B3為0或1,0≦B1+B2+B3≦3。)
若為如此之含有聚矽氧烷之光阻下層膜形成用組成物,上述密合性及乾蝕刻選擇性更優異。
又,本發明提供一種圖案形成方法,係於被加工體上使用塗佈型有機下層膜材料形成有機下層膜,在該有機下層膜之上使用上述光阻下層膜形成用組成物形成光阻下層膜,在該光阻下層膜上形成光阻圖案,將該光阻圖案作為遮罩而於前述光阻下層膜利用乾蝕刻轉印圖案,將已轉印該圖案之光阻下層膜作為遮罩而於前述有機下層膜利用乾蝕刻轉印圖案,再將該已轉印圖案之有機下層膜作為遮罩,於前述被加工體利用乾蝕刻轉印圖案。
此時前述塗佈型有機下層膜材料宜使用含有蒽骨架者較佳。
如上,藉由在含有蒽骨架之有機下層膜上形成上述光阻下層膜,可更抑制反射。
又,本發明提供一種圖案形成方法,係於被加工體上以CVD法形成碳為主成分之有機硬遮罩,在該有機硬遮罩之上使用上述光阻下層膜形成用組成物形成光阻下層膜,在該光阻下層膜上形成光阻圖案,將該光阻圖案作為遮罩而於前述光阻下層膜利用乾蝕刻轉印圖案,將該轉印有圖案之光阻下層膜作為遮罩而對於前述有機硬遮罩利用乾蝕刻轉印圖案,再將該轉印有圖案之有機硬遮罩作為遮罩,於前述被加工體利用乾蝕刻轉印圖案。
如上,若為使用本發明之光阻下層膜形成用組成物之利用3層光阻法進行之圖案形成方法,能於基板以高精度形成微細的圖案。
此時,前述被加工體宜使用半導體裝置基板、或於該半導體裝置基板形成了金屬膜、金屬碳化膜、金屬氧化膜、金屬氮化膜、金屬氧化碳化膜、及金屬氧化氮化膜中之任一膜者較佳。
此時,構成前述被加工體之金屬宜含有矽、鈦、鎢、鉿、鋯、鉻、鍺、銅、鋁、銦、鎵、砷、鈀、鐵、鉭、銥、鉬、或該等之合金較佳。
如上,本發明之圖案形成方法中,能將如上述被加工體予以加工並形成圖案。 [發明之效果]
如以上,若為本發明之4級銨鹽化合物,藉由作為例如熱交聯促進劑而添加於含聚矽氧烷之光阻下層膜形成用組成物,尤其可抑制KrF曝光處理之反射,可以形成對於其上形成之光阻圖案呈現良好的密合性,且對於在上部形成之光阻圖案與在下部形成之例如有機下層膜(或有機硬遮罩)的兩者呈高蝕刻選擇性的光阻下層膜。所以,當將形成之光阻圖案按順序使用乾蝕刻處理轉印在光阻下層膜、有機下層膜(或有機硬遮罩)時,能以良好的圖案形狀轉印圖案。藉此,最終能在基板上以高精度轉印於上層光阻形成之圖案。
如上述,已尋求開發熱交聯促進劑,藉由添加到光阻下層膜形成用組成物,尤其在KrF曝光處理,比起使用習知之含矽光阻下層膜時更能抑制反射,能夠改善圖案形狀。
本案發明人等針對上述課題努力研究,結果發現:藉由將本發明之4級銨鹽化合物作為熱交聯促進劑而添加到光阻下層膜形成用組成物,能夠達成上述課題,乃完成本發明。
亦即本發明係下列通式(A-1)表示之4級銨鹽化合物。 【化2】(式中,R1
、R2
、R3
各表示碳數1~12之直鏈狀、分支狀、或環狀之烷基或烯基、碳數6~20之芳基、或碳數7~12之芳烷基,且該等基之氫原子之一部分或全部也可以取代為羥基、烷氧基、或鹵素原子,也可以有羰基、酯鍵中之1種以上。R4
表示單鍵、碳數1~12之直鏈狀、分支狀、或環狀之伸烷基或伸烯基、碳數6~20之伸芳基、或碳數7~12之伸芳烷基,且該等基之氫原子之一部分或全部也可以取代為烷氧基或鹵素原子,也可以有醚鍵、羰基、酯鍵、醯胺鍵中之1種以上。A-
為非親核性相對離子。)
以下針對本發明詳細説明,但本發明不限定於此等。 又,本說明書中,Me表示甲基,Et表示乙基,Ph表示苯基。
<4級銨鹽化合物> 本發明之4級銨鹽化合物為下列通式(A-1)表示之具有蒽結構之4級銨鹽化合物,可作為熱交聯促進劑使用。 【化3】(式中,R1
、R2
、R3
各表示碳數1~12之直鏈狀、分支狀、或環狀之烷基或烯基、碳數6~20之芳基、或碳數7~12之芳烷基,且該等基之氫原子之一部分或全部也可以取代為羥基、烷氧基、或鹵素原子,也可以有羰基、酯鍵中之1種以上R4
表示單鍵、碳數1~12之直鏈狀、分支狀、或環狀之伸烷基或伸烯基、碳數6~20之伸芳基、或碳數7~12之伸芳烷基,且該等基之氫原子之一部分或全部也可以取代為烷氧基或鹵素原子,也可以有醚鍵、羰基、酯鍵、醯胺鍵中之1種以上。A-
為非親核性相對離子。)
上式中,R1
、R2
、R3
各自獨立地表示碳數1~12之直鏈狀、分支狀、或環狀之烷基或烯基、碳數6~20之芳基、或碳數7~12之芳烷基,且該等基之氫原子之一部分或全部也可以取代為羥基、烷氧基、或鹵素原子,也可以有羰基、酯鍵中之1種以上。 具體而言,可列舉甲基、乙基、丁基、異丙基、環己基、烯丙基、2-側氧基丙基、2-側氧基-3-丁烯基、苯基、萘基、蒽基、甲苯基、大茴香基、苄基、甲氧基苄基、萘基甲基、苯乙基、3-苯基-2-側氧基丙基、2-甲氧基乙基、2-[2-甲氧基乙氧基]乙氧基、三氟乙基、2-羥基乙基、2-羥基丙基等。
上式中,R4
表示單鍵、碳數1~12之直鏈狀、分支狀、或環狀之伸烷基或伸烯基、碳數6~20之伸芳基、或碳數7~12之伸芳烷基,且該等基之氫原子之一部分或全部也可以取代為烷氧基或鹵素原子,也可以有醚鍵、羰基、酯鍵、醯胺鍵中之1種以上。 具體而言,可以列舉單鍵、亞甲基、伸乙基、伸丙基、環己烷二基、丙烯-1,3-二基、2-丁烯-1,4-二基、2-側氧基丙烷-1,3-二基、1-側氧基-2-丙烯-1,3-二基等。又,可以列舉從苯、萘、蒽、甲苯、二甲苯、三甲基苯、乙基苯、苯甲醛、苯乙酮、乙基甲醚、二乙醚、二丙醚、異丙基甲醚、2,2-二氟丙烷、1,1,1-三氟乙烷、苯甲醚、氟苯、甲酸乙酯、乙酸甲酯、乙酸乙酯、乙酸丙酯、乙酸丁酯、丙酸甲酯、丙酸乙酯、丙酸丙酯、丁酸乙酯、苯甲酸甲酯、苯甲酸乙酯、苯甲酸丙酯、苯甲酸甲苯酯、乙醯胺、N-甲基甲醯胺、N,N-二甲基甲醯胺、N,N-二甲基乙醯胺、N-甲基乙醯胺等去除2個氫原子而成的2價有機基。
上式中,A-
為非親核性相對離子。在此所指之相對離子係4級銨陽離子之相對陰離子。 具體而言,可以列舉氫氧化物離子、甲酸離子、乙酸離子、丙酸離子、丁酸離子、戊酸離子、己酸離子、庚酸離子、辛酸離子、壬酸離子、癸酸離子、油酸離子、硬脂酸離子、亞麻油酸離子、次亞麻油酸離子、苯甲酸離子、對甲基苯甲酸離子、對第三丁基苯甲酸離子、鄰苯二甲酸離子、間苯二甲酸離子、對苯二甲酸離子、水楊酸離子、三氟乙酸離子、五氟丙酸離子、七氟丁酸離子、單氯乙酸離子、二氯乙酸離子、三氯乙酸離子、氟化物離子、氯化物離子、溴化物離子、碘化物離子、硝酸離子、氯酸離子、過氯酸離子、溴酸離子、碘酸離子、草酸離子、丙二酸離子、甲基丙二酸離子、乙基丙二酸離子、丙基丙二酸離子、丁基丙二酸離子、二甲基丙二酸離子、二乙基丙二酸離子、琥珀酸離子、甲基琥珀酸離子、戊二酸離子、己二酸離子、衣康酸離子、馬來酸離子、富馬酸離子、檸康酸離子、檸檬酸離子、碳酸離子、碳酸氫離子、硫酸氫離子、對甲苯磺酸離子、甲烷磺酸離子等。
其中,特別理想者可以列舉甲酸離子、乙酸離子、丙酸離子、丁酸離子、戊烷酸離子、己酸離子、庚酸離子、辛酸離子、壬酸離子、癸酸離子、油酸離子、硬脂酸離子、亞麻油酸離子、次亞麻油酸離子、苯甲酸離子、對甲基苯甲酸離子、對第三丁基苯甲酸離子、三氟乙酸離子、五氟丙酸離子、七氟丁酸離子、氯化物離子、硝酸離子、草酸離子、碳酸離子、碳酸氫離子等。
本發明之上述通式(A-1)表示之4級銨鹽化合物之陽離子部分以下列通式(A-1a)表示。 【化4】(式中,R1
、R2
、R3
、及R4
同上述。)
(A-1a)具體而言可列舉以下者,但不限定於此等。 【化5】
【化6】
上述通式(A-1a)表示之含蒽之4級銨陽離子宜為因應結構選擇最適方法製造者為較佳。典型例可列舉以下2種方法,A法:3級胺化合物利用有脱離基之蒽化合物進行之N-烷基化反應,B法:成為材料之4級銨鹽化合物與蒽化合物之縮合反應,但不限於該等方法。以下針對該等方法詳細説明。
[A法] 首先,說明針對上述A法,亦即,3級胺化合物之利用有脱離基之蒽化合物進行之N-烷基化反應之上述通式(A-1a)表示之含蒽之4級銨陽離子之合成。
本反應之典型反應式如下 【化7】(式中,R1
、R2
、R3
、及R4
同上述。X表示脱離基,X-
為此脱離基之離子,代表4級銨陽離子之相對陰離子。)
R1
、R2
、R3
、及R4
之具體例可列舉和上述同樣者。 X表示脱離基,具體而言可列舉氯原子、溴原子、碘原子等鹵素原子;甲烷磺醯基氧基等烷基磺醯基氧基;對甲苯磺醯基氧基等芳基磺醯基氧基等。
3級胺化合物(SA1)之使用量宜相對於有脱離基之蒽化合物(SA2)1莫耳設為0.3~50莫耳,尤其0.8~10莫耳較理想。反應係於無溶劑或溶劑中進行。
溶劑可以從甲醇、乙醇、異丙醇、第三丁醇、乙二醇等醇類;己烷、庚烷、苯、甲苯、二甲苯等烴類;二乙醚、二丁醚、四氫呋喃、1,4-二烷、二甘二甲醚等醚類;二氯甲烷、氯仿、1,2-二氯乙烯等氯系溶劑類;N,N-二甲基甲醯胺、N,N-二甲基乙醯胺、二甲基亞碸、N-甲基吡咯烷酮等非質子極性溶劑類;甲酸、乙酸等羧酸類;乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯等酯類;丙酮、2-丁酮等酮類;乙腈等腈類;吡啶、三乙胺等胺類;水當中依反應條件選擇並單獨使用或混用2種以上。
反應溫度可因應反應速度在-20℃至200℃之範圍內選擇。溶劑或3級胺化合物(SA1)之沸點比反應溫度還低時,宜於高壓釜中反應較佳。
又,為了促進反應,也可以於反應系中添加鹼。添加的鹼可以從吡啶、三乙胺、二異丙基乙胺、4-二甲胺基吡啶、咪唑等胺類;甲醇鈉、乙醇鈉、第三丁醇鉀等烷氧基金屬類;碳酸鈉、碳酸鉀、碳酸銫等碳酸鹽類;氫氧化鈉、氫氧化鉀、四甲基氫氧化銨等氫氧化物類;氫化鈉、氫化鉀等金屬氫化物類;丁基鋰、乙基溴化鎂等有機金屬類;二異丙基胺基鋰等金屬醯胺類之中依反應條件選擇並單獨或混用2種以上。 鹼之使用量宜相對於有脱離基之蒽化合物(SA2)1莫耳設為0.3~10莫耳,尤其0.5~5莫耳較理想。
又,為了提高反應速度,也可以添加碘化鈉、碘化鋰、碘化四丁基銨等碘化物;溴化鈉、溴化鋰、溴化四丁基銨等溴化物作為觸媒。 添加觸媒時之添加量,相對於有脱離基之蒽化合物(SA2)1莫耳宜為0.001~2莫耳,尤其0.005~0.5莫耳較理想。
反應時間利用氣體層析(GC)、薄層層析(TLC)中追蹤反應並使反應結束的話在產率方面較理想,通常約0.1~100小時。
反應結束後將反應混合物濃縮,藉此可獲得有蒽結構之4級銨鹽化合物。視需要也可利用水洗、層析、再結晶等常法精製。視情形,也可以藉由在反應液中添加不良溶劑,而從反應液直接將目的物結晶並精製。
[B法] 其次,針對上述B法,亦即,利用成為材料之4級銨鹽化合物與蒽化合物之縮合反應進行之上述通式(A-1a)表示之含蒽之4級銨陽離子之合成説明。
本反應的典型反應式如下 【化8】(式中,R1
、R2
、R3
、及R4
同上述。R4A
、R4B
為單鍵或2價之基,-R4A
-R4B
-等同於-R4
-。YA
、YB
表示氫原子、陽離子性基、或脱離基。Z-
表示4級銨陽離子之相對陰離子。)
R1
、R2
、R3
、及R4
之具體例可列舉和上述同樣者。 R4A
、R4B
為單鍵或2價之基,-R4A
-R4B
-等於-R4
-。例如:R4
為亞甲基時,R4A
與R4B
為單鍵與亞甲基、或亞甲基與單鍵的組合。又,例如:R4
為伸乙基時,R4A
與R4B
為單鍵與伸乙基、亞甲基與亞甲基、或伸乙基與單鍵之組合。
YA
、YB
各自獨立地表示氫原子、陽離子性基、或脱離基。具體而言,可列舉氫原子;-Li、-Na、-K、-Cu、-(Ca)1/2
、-(Mg)1/2
、-(Zn)1/2
、MgCl、-MgBr、-MgI、-ZnCl、-ZnBr、3級銨、4級銨、4級鏻、3級鋶等陽離子性基;氯原子、溴原子、碘原子等鹵素原子、甲烷磺醯基氧基等烷基磺醯基氧基、對甲苯磺醯基氧基等芳基磺醯基氧基等脱離基。R4A
、R4B
、YA
、YB
由於-R4A
-YA
與YB
-R4B
-之縮合反應而生成-R4A
-R4B
-與YA
-YB
。
Z-
表示4級銨陽離子之相對陰離子,具體而言可列舉OH-
、Cl-
、Br-
、I-
、(SO4 2-
)1/2
、NO3 -
、CH3
OSO3 -
、HSO4 -
、HCO3 -
、(CO3 2-
)1/2
、ClO4 -
、烷磺酸離子、芳烴磺酸離子、羧酸離子等。
成為材料之4級銨鹽化合物(SA3)之使用量宜相對於蒽化合物(SA4)1莫耳設為0.3~50莫耳,尤佳為0.8~10莫耳。反應係於無溶劑或溶劑中進行。
溶劑可以從甲醇、乙醇、異丙醇、第三丁醇、乙二醇等醇類;己烷、庚烷、苯、甲苯、二甲苯等烴類;二乙醚、二丁醚、四氫呋喃、1,4-二烷、二甘二甲醚等醚類;二氯甲烷、氯仿、1,2-二氯乙烯等氯系溶劑類;N,N-二甲基甲醯胺、N,N-二甲基乙醯胺、二甲基亞碸、N-甲基吡咯烷酮等非質子極性溶劑類;甲酸、乙酸等羧酸類;乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯等酯類;丙酮、2-丁酮等酮類;乙腈等腈類;吡啶、三乙胺等胺類;水當中依反應條件選擇,並單獨使用或混用2種以上。
反應溫度可因應反應速度從-20℃至200℃之範圍內選擇。 又,為了促進反應,也可以於反應系中添加鹼。添加的鹼可以從吡啶、三乙胺、二異丙基乙胺、4-二甲胺基吡啶、咪唑等胺類;甲醇鈉、乙醇鈉、第三丁醇鉀等烷氧基金屬類;碳酸鈉、碳酸鉀、碳酸銫等碳酸鹽類;氫氧化鈉、氫氧化鉀、四甲基氫氧化銨等氫氧化物類;氫化鈉、氫化鉀等金屬氫化物類;丁基鋰、乙基溴化鎂等有機金屬類;二異丙基胺基鋰等金屬醯胺類之中依反應條件選擇,並單獨使用或混用2種以上。 鹼之使用量宜相對於蒽化合物(SA4)1莫耳設為0.3~10莫耳,尤其0.5~5莫耳。
又,為了提高反應速度,也可以添加碘化鈉、碘化鋰、碘化四丁基銨等碘化物;溴化鈉、溴化鋰、溴化四丁基銨等溴化物作為觸媒。 加入觸媒時之添加量,宜相對於蒽化合物(SA4)1莫耳添加0.001~2莫耳,尤其0.005~0.5莫耳。
反應時間利用氣體層析(GC)、薄層層析(TLC)中追蹤反應並使反應結束的話在產率方面較理想,通常約0.1~100小時。
反應結束後將反應混合物濃縮,藉此可獲得有蒽結構之4級銨鹽化合物。視需要也可利用水洗、層析、再結晶等常法精製。視情形,也可以藉由在反應液中添加不良溶劑,而從反應液直接將目的物結晶並精製。
[陰離子交換] 依上述反應獲得之有蒽結構之4級銨陽離子之相對陰離子X-
、Z-
和最終目的物之通式(A-1)表示之本發明之4級銨鹽化合物之陰離子A-
不同時,可藉由進行下列反應式所示之和Mm +
(A-
)m
之反應的陰離子交換作為追加步驟,獲得為最終目的物之通式(A-1)表示之本發明之4級銨鹽化合物。
【化9】(式中,R1
、R2
、R3
、R4
、X-
、Z-
、及A-
同上述。Mm +
表示m價之有機陽離子或無機陽離子。m表示1至4之整數。)
R1
、R2
、R3
、R4
、X-
、Z-
、及A-
之具體例可列舉和上述同樣者。 Mm +
表示m價之有機陽離子或無機陽離子,具體而言可列舉鈉離子、鉀離子、鋰離子、鈣離子、鋇離子、銀離子、鉛離子、銨離子等無機陽離子;四甲基銨離子、三乙基銨離子、三苯基鋶離子、四甲基鏻離子等有機陽離子。
針對上述反應式表示之4級銨鹽化合物之陰離子交換反應詳細説明。Mm +
(A-
)m
之使用量宜相對於原料1莫耳使用0.5~10莫耳,尤其0.8~5莫耳較理想。
反應於溶劑中進行較佳。溶劑可以從甲醇、乙醇、異丙醇、第三丁醇、乙二醇等醇類;己烷、庚烷、苯、甲苯、二甲苯等烴類;二乙醚、二丁醚、四氫呋喃、1,4-二烷、二甘二甲醚等醚類;二氯甲烷、氯仿、1,2-二氯乙烯等氯系溶劑類;N,N-二甲基甲醯胺、N,N-二甲基乙醯胺、二甲基亞碸、N-甲基吡咯烷酮等非質子極性溶劑類;甲酸、乙酸等羧酸類;乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯等酯類;丙酮、2-丁酮、4-甲基-2-戊酮等酮類;乙腈等腈類;吡啶、三乙胺等胺類;水當中依反應條件選擇並單獨使用或混用2種以上。
反應溫度宜因應反應速度在-20℃至使用之溶劑之沸點之範圍內選擇。 反應時間利用液體層析(LC)、薄層層析(TLC)中追蹤反應並使反應結束的話在產率方面較理想,通常約0.1~100小時。
反應結束後,將雜質利用過濾、水洗等去除後,藉由將反應混合物濃縮可獲得目的物。目的物視須要可以依層析、再結晶等常法精製。
若為如此的4級銨鹽化合物,藉由添加在光阻下層膜形成用組成物,可特別抑制於KrF曝光處理之反射,且能形成對於在其之上形成之光阻圖案呈良好密合性之光阻下層膜。
<光阻下層膜形成用組成物> 又,本發明提供含有上述本發明之4級銨鹽化合物及聚矽氧烷之光阻下層膜形成用組成物。
又,本發明之光阻下層膜形成用組成物中,上述本發明之4級銨鹽化合物可單獨使用1種或組合使用2種以上。 4級銨鹽化合物之添加量相對於基礎聚合物(例如:後述聚矽氧烷)100質量份較佳為0.01~50質量份,更佳為0.1~40質量份。
[聚矽氧烷] 本發明之光阻下層膜形成用組成物含有之聚矽氧烷,宜為含有下列通式(B-1)表示之化合物、其水解物、其縮合物、其水解縮合物中之1種以上者較佳。 R1B B1
R2B B2
R3B B3
Si(OR0B
)(4-B1-B2-B3)
(B-1) (式中,R0B
為碳數1~6之烴基,R1B
、R2B
、R3B
為氫原子或1價之有機基。又,B1、B2、B3為0或1,0≦B1+B2+B3≦3。)
作為聚矽氧烷之原料(起始物質)使用的通式(B-1)表示之水解性矽化合物(烷氧基矽烷)可列舉如下。 四烷氧基矽烷可列舉四甲氧基矽烷、四乙氧基矽烷、四丙氧基矽烷、四異丙氧基矽烷等。
三烷氧基矽烷可列舉三甲氧基矽烷、三乙氧基矽烷、三丙氧基矽烷、三異丙氧基矽烷、甲基三甲氧基矽烷、甲基三乙氧基矽烷、甲基三丙氧基矽烷、甲基三異丙氧基矽烷、乙基三甲氧基矽烷、乙基三乙氧基矽烷、乙基三丙氧基矽烷、乙基三異丙氧基矽烷、乙烯基三甲氧基矽烷、乙烯基三乙氧基矽烷、乙烯基三丙氧基矽烷、乙烯基三異丙氧基矽烷、丙基三甲氧基矽烷、丙基三乙氧基矽烷、丙基三丙氧基矽烷、丙基三異丙氧基矽烷、異丙基三甲氧基矽烷、異丙基三乙氧基矽烷、異丙基三丙氧基矽烷、異丙基三異丙氧基矽烷、丁基三甲氧基矽烷、丁基三乙氧基矽烷、丁基三丙氧基矽烷、丁基三異丙氧基矽烷、第二丁基三甲氧基矽烷、第二丁基三乙氧基矽烷、第二丁基三丙氧基矽烷、第二丁基三異丙氧基矽烷、第三丁基三甲氧基矽烷、第三丁基三乙氧基矽烷、第三丁基三丙氧基矽烷、第三丁基三異丙氧基矽烷、環丙基三甲氧基矽烷、環丙基三乙氧基矽烷、環丙基三丙氧基矽烷、環丙基三異丙氧基矽烷、環丁基三甲氧基矽烷、環丁基三乙氧基矽烷、環丁基三丙氧基矽烷、環丁基三異丙氧基矽烷、環戊基三甲氧基矽烷、環戊基三乙氧基矽烷、環戊基三丙氧基矽烷、環戊基三異丙氧基矽烷、環己基三甲氧基矽烷、環己基三乙氧基矽烷、環己基三丙氧基矽烷、環己基三異丙氧基矽烷、環己烯基三甲氧基矽烷、環己烯基三乙氧基矽烷、環己烯基三丙氧基矽烷、環己烯基三異丙氧基矽烷、環己烯基乙基三甲氧基矽烷、環己烯基乙基三乙氧基矽烷、環己烯基乙基三丙氧基矽烷、環己烯基乙基三異丙氧基矽烷、環辛基三甲氧基矽烷、環辛基三乙氧基矽烷、環辛基三丙氧基矽烷、環辛基三異丙氧基矽烷、環戊二烯基丙基三甲氧基矽烷、環戊二烯基丙基三乙氧基矽烷、環戊二烯基丙基三丙氧基矽烷、環戊二烯基丙基三異丙氧基矽烷、雙環庚烯基三甲氧基矽烷、雙環庚烯基三乙氧基矽烷、雙環庚烯基三丙氧基矽烷、雙環庚烯基三異丙氧基矽烷、雙環庚基三甲氧基矽烷、雙環庚基三乙氧基矽烷、雙環庚基三丙氧基矽烷、雙環庚基三異丙氧基矽烷、金剛烷基三甲氧基矽烷、金剛烷基三乙氧基矽烷、金剛烷基三丙氧基矽烷、金剛烷基三異丙氧基矽烷、苯基三甲氧基矽烷、苯基三乙氧基矽烷、苯基三丙氧基矽烷、苯基三異丙氧基矽烷、苄基三甲氧基矽烷、苄基三乙氧基矽烷、苄基三丙氧基矽烷、苄基三異丙氧基矽烷、甲苯基三甲氧基矽烷、甲苯基三乙氧基矽烷、甲苯基三丙氧基矽烷、甲苯基三異丙氧基矽烷、大茴香基三甲氧基矽烷、大茴香基三乙氧基矽烷、大茴香基三丙氧基矽烷、大茴香基三異丙氧基矽烷、苯乙基三甲氧基矽烷、苯乙基三乙氧基矽烷、苯乙基三丙氧基矽烷、苯乙基三異丙氧基矽烷、萘基三甲氧基矽烷、萘基三乙氧基矽烷、萘基三丙氧基矽烷、萘基三異丙氧基矽烷等。
二烷氧基矽烷可列舉二甲基二甲氧基矽烷、二甲基二乙氧基矽烷、甲基乙基二甲氧基矽烷、甲基乙基二乙氧基矽烷、二甲基二丙氧基矽烷、二甲基二異丙氧基矽烷、二乙基二甲氧基矽烷、二乙基二乙氧基矽烷、二乙基二丙氧基矽烷、二乙基二異丙氧基矽烷、二丙基二甲氧基矽烷、二丙基二乙氧基矽烷、二丙基二丙氧基矽烷、二丙基二異丙氧基矽烷、二異丙基二甲氧基矽烷、二異丙基二乙氧基矽烷、二異丙基二丙氧基矽烷、二異丙基二異丙氧基矽烷、二丁基二甲氧基矽烷、二丁基二乙氧基矽烷、二丁基二丙氧基矽烷、二丁基二異丙氧基矽烷、二第二丁基二甲氧基矽烷、二第二丁基二乙氧基矽烷、二第二丁基二丙氧基矽烷、二第二丁基二異丙氧基矽烷、二第三丁基二甲氧基矽烷、二第三丁基二乙氧基矽烷、二第三丁基二丙氧基矽烷、二第三丁基二異丙氧基矽烷、二環丙基二甲氧基矽烷、二環丙基二乙氧基矽烷、二環丙基二丙氧基矽烷、二環丙基二異丙氧基矽烷、二環丁基二甲氧基矽烷、二環丁基二乙氧基矽烷、二環丁基二丙氧基矽烷、二環丁基二異丙氧基矽烷、二環戊基二甲氧基矽烷、二環戊基二乙氧基矽烷、二環戊基二丙氧基矽烷、二環戊基二異丙氧基矽烷、二環己基二甲氧基矽烷、二環己基二乙氧基矽烷、二環己基二丙氧基矽烷、二環己基二異丙氧基矽烷、二環己烯基二甲氧基矽烷、二環己烯基二乙氧基矽烷、二環己烯基二丙氧基矽烷、二環己烯基二異丙氧基矽烷、二環己烯基乙基二甲氧基矽烷、二環己烯基乙基二乙氧基矽烷、二環己烯基乙基二丙氧基矽烷、二環己烯基乙基二異丙氧基矽烷、二環辛基二甲氧基矽烷、二環辛基二乙氧基矽烷、二環辛基二丙氧基矽烷、二環辛基二異丙氧基矽烷、二環戊二烯基丙基二甲氧基矽烷、二環戊二烯基丙基二乙氧基矽烷、二環戊二烯基丙基二丙氧基矽烷、二環戊二烯基丙基二異丙氧基矽烷、雙(雙環庚烯基)二甲氧基矽烷、雙(雙環庚烯基)二乙氧基矽烷、雙(雙環庚烯基)二丙氧基矽烷、雙(雙環庚烯基)二異丙氧基矽烷、雙(雙環庚基)二甲氧基矽烷、雙(雙環庚基)二乙氧基矽烷、雙(雙環庚基)二丙氧基矽烷、雙(雙環庚基)二異丙氧基矽烷、二金剛烷基二甲氧基矽烷、二金剛烷基二乙氧基矽烷、二金剛烷基二丙氧基矽烷、二金剛烷基二異丙氧基矽烷、二苯基二甲氧基矽烷、二苯基二乙氧基矽烷、甲基苯基二甲氧基矽烷、甲基苯基二乙氧基矽烷、二苯基二丙氧基矽烷、二苯基二異丙氧基矽烷等。
單烷氧基矽烷可以列舉三甲基甲氧基矽烷、三甲基乙氧基矽烷、二甲基乙基甲氧基矽烷、二甲基乙基乙氧基矽烷、二甲基苯基甲氧基矽烷、二甲基苯基乙氧基矽烷、二甲基苄基甲氧基矽烷、二甲基苄基乙氧基矽烷、二甲基苯乙基甲氧基矽烷、二甲基苯乙基乙氧基矽烷等。
其他,通式(B-1)表示之化合物可使用在下列結構表示的矽上含有作為水解性基:OR0B
之1~3個甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基、丁氧基、戊氧基、環戊氧基、己氧基、環己氧基、苯氧基者。
【化10】
【化11】
【化12】
【化13】
本發明之光阻下層膜形成用組成物含有之聚矽氧烷,除了含有上述通式(B-1)表示之化合物以外,也可以含有下列通式(B-2)表示之水解性金屬化合物作為原料。 L’(OR4B
)B4
(OR5B
)B5
(O)B6
(B-2) (式中,R4B
及R5B
為氫原子或碳數1~30之有機基,B4+B5+B6係依L’之種類決定的價數,B4、B5、B6為0以上之數,L’為周期表之III族、IV族、或V族之元素且排除碳。)
通式(B-2)表示之水解性金屬化合物可列舉如下。 L’為硼時,作為通式(B-2)表示之化合物可列舉: 甲氧基硼、乙氧基硼、丙氧基硼、丁氧基硼、戊氧基硼、己氧基硼、環戊氧基硼、環己氧基硼、烯丙氧基硼、苯氧基硼、甲氧基乙氧基硼、硼酸、氧化硼等。
L’為鋁時,作為通式(B-2)表示之化合物可列舉:甲氧基鋁、乙氧基鋁、丙氧基鋁、丁氧基鋁、戊氧基鋁、己氧基鋁、環戊氧基鋁、環己氧基鋁、烯丙氧基鋁、苯氧基鋁、甲氧基乙氧基鋁、乙氧基乙氧基鋁、二丙氧基乙基乙醯乙酸鋁、二丁氧基乙基乙醯乙酸鋁、丙氧基雙乙基乙醯乙酸鋁、丁氧基雙乙基乙醯乙酸鋁、2,4-戊烷二酮酸鋁、2,2,6,6-四甲基-3,5-庚烷二酮酸鋁等。
L’為鎵時,作為通式(B-2)表示之化合物可列舉:甲氧基鎵、乙氧基鎵、丙氧基鎵、丁氧基鎵、戊氧基鎵、己氧基鎵、環戊氧基鎵、環己氧基鎵、烯丙氧基鎵、苯氧基鎵、甲氧基乙氧基鎵、乙氧基乙氧基鎵、二丙氧基乙基乙醯乙酸鎵、二丁氧基乙基乙醯乙酸鎵、丙氧基雙乙基乙醯乙酸鎵、丁氧基雙乙基乙醯乙酸鎵、2,4-戊烷二酮酸鎵、2,2,6,6-四甲基-3,5-庚烷二酮酸鎵等。
L’為釔時,作為通式(B-2)表示之化合物可列舉甲氧基釔、乙氧基釔、丙氧基釔、丁氧基釔、戊氧基釔、己氧基釔、環戊氧基釔、環己氧基釔、烯丙氧基釔、苯氧基釔、甲氧基乙氧基釔、乙氧基乙氧基釔、二丙氧基乙基乙醯乙酸釔、二丁氧基乙基乙醯乙酸釔、丙氧基雙乙基乙醯乙酸釔、丁氧基雙乙基乙醯乙酸釔、2,4-戊烷二酮酸釔、2,2,6,6-四甲基-3,5-庚烷二酮酸釔等。
L’為鍺時,作為通式(B-2)表示之化合物可列舉: 甲氧基鍺、乙氧基鍺、丙氧基鍺、丁氧基鍺、戊氧基鍺、己氧基鍺、環戊氧基鍺、環己氧基鍺、烯丙氧基鍺、苯氧基鍺、甲氧基乙氧基鍺、乙氧基乙氧基鍺等。
L’為鈦時,作為通式(B-2)表示之化合物可列舉: 甲氧基鈦、乙氧基鈦、丙氧基鈦、丁氧基鈦、戊氧基鈦、己氧基鈦、環戊氧基鈦、環己氧基鈦、烯丙氧基鈦、苯氧基鈦、甲氧基乙氧基鈦、乙氧基乙氧基鈦、二丙氧基雙乙基乙醯乙酸鈦、二丁氧基雙乙基乙醯乙酸鈦、二丙氧基雙2,4-戊烷二酮酸鈦、二丁氧基雙2,4-戊烷二酮酸鈦等。
L’為鉿時,作為通式(B-2)表示之化合物可以列舉: 甲氧基鉿、乙氧基鉿、丙氧基鉿、丁氧基鉿、戊氧基鉿、己氧基鉿、環戊氧基鉿、環己氧基鉿、烯丙氧基鉿、苯氧基鉿、甲氧基乙氧基鉿、乙氧基乙氧基鉿、二丙氧基雙乙基乙醯乙酸鉿、二丁氧基雙乙基乙醯乙酸鉿、二丙氧基雙2,4-戊烷二酮酸鉿、二丁氧基雙2,4-戊烷二酮酸鉿等。
L’為錫時,作為通式(B-2)表示之化合物可列舉甲氧基錫、乙氧基錫、丙氧基錫、丁氧基錫、苯氧基錫、甲氧基乙氧基錫、乙氧基乙氧基錫、2,4-戊烷二酮酸錫、2,2,6,6-四甲基-3,5-庚烷二酮酸錫。
L’為砷時,作為通式(B-2)表示之化合物可列舉甲氧基砷、乙氧基砷、丙氧基砷、丁氧基砷、苯氧基砷等。
L’為銻時。前述作為通式(B-2)表示之化合物可列舉甲氧基銻、乙氧基銻、丙氧基銻、丁氧基銻、苯氧基銻、乙酸銻、丙酸銻等。
L’為鈮時、作為通式(B-2)表示之化合物可列舉甲氧基鈮、乙氧基鈮、丙氧基鈮、丁氧基鈮、苯氧基鈮等。
L’為鉭時,作為通式(B-2)表示之化合物可列舉甲氧基鉭、乙氧基鉭、丙氧基鉭、丁氧基鉭、苯氧基鉭等。
L’為鉍時,作為通式(B-2)表示之化合物可列舉甲氧基鉍、乙氧基鉍、丙氧基鉍、丁氧基鉍、苯氧基鉍等。
L’為磷時,作為通式(B-2)表示之化合物可列舉亞磷酸三甲酯、亞磷酸三乙酯、亞磷酸三丙酯、磷酸三甲酯、磷酸三乙酯、磷酸三丙酯、五氧化二磷等。
L’為釩時,作為通式(B-2)表示之化合物可列舉: 雙(2,4-戊烷二酮酸)氧化釩、2,4-戊烷二酮酸釩、三丁氧基氧化釩、三丙氧基氧化釩等。
L’為鋯時,作為通式(B-2)表示之化合物可列舉甲氧基鋯、乙氧基鋯、丙氧基鋯、丁氧基鋯、苯氧基鋯、二丁氧基雙(2,4-戊烷二酮酸)鋯、二丙氧基雙(2,2,6,6-四甲基-3,5-庚烷二酮酸)鋯等。
可選擇該等化合物中的1種以上,於反應前或反應中混合成用以形成聚矽氧烷之反應原料(單體)。
本發明之光阻下層膜形成用組成物使用之聚矽氧烷,可藉由將例如上述通式(B-1)表示之化合物、及視須要之上述通式(B-2)表示之化合物使用選自無機酸、脂肪族磺酸、及芳香族磺酸中之1種以上之化合物作為酸觸媒,進行水解縮合以製造。
此時使用之酸觸媒可列舉氫氟酸、鹽酸、氫溴酸、硫酸、硝酸、過氯酸、磷酸、甲烷磺酸、苯磺酸、甲苯磺酸等。觸媒之使用量相對於單體1莫耳通常為10-6
~10莫耳,較佳為10-5
~5莫耳,更佳為10-4
~1莫耳。
從該等單體利用水解縮合獲得聚矽氧烷時之水之量,宜為鍵結於單體之水解性取代基每1莫耳為0.01~100莫耳,更佳為0.05~50莫耳,又更佳為0.1~30莫耳。添加量若為100莫耳以下,反應使用的裝置不會變得過大,為經濟的。
操作方法係於觸媒水溶液添加單體使水解縮合反應開始。此時,可以於觸媒水溶液中添加有機溶劑,也可以將單體以有機溶劑稀釋,也可進行兩者。反應溫度宜為0~100℃,更佳為5~80℃。宜為單體之滴加時保持溫度為5~80℃,之後使其於20~80℃熟成之方法較佳。
可添加於觸媒水溶液、或能將單體稀釋之有機溶劑,宜為甲醇、乙醇、1-丙醇、2-丙醇、1-丁醇、2-丁醇、2-甲基-1-丙醇、乙二醇、丙二醇、丙酮、乙腈、四氫呋喃、甲苯、己烷、乙酸乙酯、環己酮、甲基戊酮、丁二醇單甲醚、丙二醇單甲醚、乙二醇單甲醚、丁二醇單乙醚、丙二醇單乙醚、乙二醇單乙醚、丁二醇單丙醚、丙二醇單丙醚、乙二醇單丙醚、丙二醇二甲醚、二乙二醇二甲醚、丙二醇單甲醚乙酸酯、丙二醇單乙醚乙酸酯、丙酮酸乙基、乙酸丁酯、3-甲氧基丙酸甲基、3-乙氧基丙酸乙基、乙酸第三丁酯、丙酸第三丁酯、丙二醇單第三丁醚乙酸酯、γ-丁內酯及該等之混合物等較佳。
該等溶劑之中較理想者為水溶性者。例如:甲醇、乙醇、1-丙醇、2-丙醇等醇類;乙二醇、丙二醇等多元醇;丁二醇單甲醚、丙二醇單甲醚、乙二醇單甲醚、丁二醇單乙醚、丙二醇單乙醚、乙二醇單乙醚、丁二醇單丙醚、丙二醇單丙醚、乙二醇單丙醚等多元醇縮合物衍生物;丙酮、乙腈、四氫呋喃等。其中特別理想者為沸點100℃以下者。
又,有機溶劑之使用量,相對於單體1莫耳為0~1,000mL,尤其0~500mL為較佳。若為如此的使用量,反應容器不會變得太大,為經濟的。
之後視須要進行觸媒之中和反應,將於水解縮合反應生成的醇減壓除去,獲得反應混合物水溶液。此時,中和可使用之鹼性物質之量,宜相對於觸媒使用之酸為0.1~2當量為較佳。此鹼性物質只要是在水中呈鹼性者即可,可以為任意物質。
然後,宜從反應混合物將水解縮合反應生成的醇等副生物去除較佳。此時,將反應混合物加熱的溫度取決於添加之有機溶劑及於反應產生之醇等的種類,較佳為0~100℃,更佳為10~90℃,又更佳為15~80℃。又,此時之減壓度取決於待除去之有機溶劑及醇等的種類、排氣裝置、冷凝裝置、及加熱溫度而異,較佳為大氣壓以下,更佳為絕對壓力80kPa以下,又更佳為絕對壓力50kPa以下。此時難正確知曉除去之醇量,但希望能去除生成之醇等的約80質量%以上。
然後,也可從反應混合物去除水解縮合使用的酸觸媒。去除酸觸媒之方法係將水與聚矽氧烷混合並將聚矽氧烷以有機溶劑萃取。此時使用的有機溶劑宜為能溶解聚矽氧烷,且若和水混合則分層為2層者較佳。例如甲醇、乙醇、1-丙醇、2-丙醇、1-丁醇、2-丁醇、2-甲基-1-丙醇、丙酮、四氫呋喃、甲苯、己烷、乙酸乙酯、環己酮、甲基戊酮、丁二醇單甲醚、丙二醇單甲醚、乙二醇單甲醚、丁二醇單乙醚、丙二醇單乙醚、乙二醇單乙醚、丁二醇單丙醚、丙二醇單丙醚、乙二醇單丙醚、丙二醇二甲醚、二乙二醇二甲醚、丙二醇單甲醚乙酸酯、丙二醇單乙醚乙酸酯、丙酮酸乙基、乙酸丁酯、3-甲氧基丙酸甲基、3-乙氧基丙酸乙基、乙酸第三丁酯、丙酸第三丁酯、丙二醇單第三丁醚乙酸酯、γ-丁內酯、甲基異丁基酮、環戊基甲醚等、及該等之混合物。
又,也可以使用水溶性有機溶劑與水難溶性有機溶劑之混合物。例如甲醇+乙酸乙酯、乙醇+乙酸乙酯、1-丙醇+乙酸乙酯、2-丙醇+乙酸乙酯、丁二醇單甲醚+乙酸乙酯、丙二醇單甲醚+乙酸乙酯、乙二醇單甲醚+乙酸乙酯、丁二醇單乙醚+乙酸乙酯、丙二醇單乙醚+乙酸乙酯、乙二醇單乙醚+乙酸乙酯、丁二醇單丙醚+乙酸乙酯、丙二醇單丙醚+乙酸乙酯、乙二醇單丙醚+乙酸乙酯、甲醇+甲基異丁基酮、乙醇+甲基異丁基酮、1-丙醇+甲基異丁基酮、2-丙醇+甲基異丁基酮、丙二醇單甲醚+甲基異丁基酮、乙二醇單甲醚+甲基異丁基酮、丙二醇單乙醚+甲基異丁基酮、乙二醇單乙醚+甲基異丁基酮、丙二醇單丙醚+甲基異丁基酮、乙二醇單丙醚+甲基異丁基酮、甲醇+環戊基甲醚、乙醇+環戊基甲醚、1-丙醇+環戊基甲醚、2-丙醇+環戊基甲醚、丙二醇單甲醚+環戊基甲醚、乙二醇單甲醚+環戊基甲醚、丙二醇單乙醚+環戊基甲醚、乙二醇單乙醚+環戊基甲醚、丙二醇單丙醚+環戊基甲醚、乙二醇單丙醚+環戊基甲醚、甲醇+丙二醇甲醚乙酸酯、乙醇+丙二醇甲醚乙酸酯、1-丙醇+丙二醇甲醚乙酸酯、2-丙醇+丙二醇甲醚乙酸酯、丙二醇單甲醚+丙二醇甲醚乙酸酯、乙二醇單甲醚+丙二醇甲醚乙酸酯、丙二醇單乙醚+丙二醇甲醚乙酸酯、乙二醇單乙醚+丙二醇甲醚乙酸酯、丙二醇單丙醚+丙二醇甲醚乙酸酯、乙二醇單丙醚+丙二醇甲醚乙酸酯等的組合為較佳,但組合不限於此等。
又,水溶性有機溶劑與水難溶性有機溶劑之混合比例可適當選擇,但相對於水難溶性有機溶劑100質量份,水溶性有機溶劑宜為0.1~1,000質量份,更佳為1~500質量份,又更佳為2~100質量份。
然後也可以用中性水洗滌。此水可使用通常稱為去離子水、超純水者。此水之量相對於聚矽氧烷溶液1L宜為0.01~100L,更佳為0.05~50L,又更佳為0.1~5L。此洗滌方法可為將兩者放入同一容器並混合後,靜置並將水層。洗滌次數只要是1次以上即可,因為即使洗滌10次以上仍無法獲得相應於洗滌次數的效果,較佳為1~5次左右。 此外,去除酸觸媒之方法,可列舉利用離子交換樹脂之方法、以環氧乙烷、環氧丙烷等環氧化合物中和後除去之方法。該等方法可以配合反應使用的酸觸媒適當選擇。
由於此時之水洗操作,聚矽氧烷一部分會進入水層,有時獲得實質上與區分操作為同等的效果,所以水洗次數或洗滌水之量,評估觸媒去除效果及區分效果適當選擇即可。
又尚有酸觸媒殘留之聚矽氧烷溶液、及已去除酸觸媒之聚矽氧烷溶液,均可添加最後的溶劑並於減壓進行溶劑交換而獲得聚矽氧烷溶液。此時之溶劑交換之溫度,取決於待除去之反應溶劑或萃取溶劑之種類而不同,較佳為0~100℃,更佳為10~90℃,又更佳為15~80℃。又,此時之減壓度因應於待除去之萃取溶劑之種類、排氣裝置、冷凝裝置及加熱溫度而異,較佳為於大氣壓力以下,更佳為於絕對壓力80kPa以下,又更佳為絕對壓力50kPa以下。
此時,由於改變溶劑有時會使得聚矽氧烷變得不安定。此現象係由於最終的溶劑與聚矽氧烷的相容性而發生,為防止此現象,也可加入具有環狀醚作為取代基之1元或2元以上之醇作為安定劑。加入量,相對於溶劑交換前之溶液中之聚矽氧烷100質量份為0~25質量份,較佳為0~15質量份,更佳為0~5質量份,但添加時以0.5質量份以上為較佳。視需要,也可對於溶劑交換前之溶液加入安定劑並進行溶劑交換操作。
又,聚矽氧烷溶液的濃度為0.1~20質量%較佳。若為如此的濃度,聚矽氧烷不會進行縮合反應而變成不能再溶於有機溶劑的狀態。又,藉由為如此的濃度,溶劑之量為適量,故有經濟性。
加入聚矽氧烷溶液的最終溶劑宜為醇系溶劑,特別理想者為乙二醇、二乙二醇、三乙二醇、丙二醇、二丙二醇、丁二醇等單烷醚衍生物。具體而言,丁二醇單甲醚、丙二醇單甲醚、乙二醇單甲醚、丁二醇單乙醚、丙二醇單乙醚、乙二醇單乙醚、丁二醇單丙醚、丙二醇單丙醚、乙二醇單丙醚等為較佳。
該等溶劑只要是主成分即可,也可以加入非醇系溶劑作為輔助溶劑。此輔助溶劑可列舉丙酮、四氫呋喃、甲苯、己烷、乙酸乙酯、環己酮、甲基戊酮、丙二醇二甲醚、二乙二醇二甲醚、丙二醇單甲醚乙酸酯、丙二醇單乙醚乙酸酯、丙酮酸乙基、乙酸丁酯、3-甲氧基丙酸甲基、3-乙氧基丙酸乙基、乙酸第三丁酯、丙酸第三丁酯、丙二醇單第三丁醚乙酸酯、γ-丁內酯、甲基異丁基酮、環戊基甲醚等。
又,就其他反應操作而言,係於單體或單體之有機溶液添加水或含水有機溶劑並使水解反應開始。此時,觸媒可添加到單體或單體之有機溶液,也可以添加到水或含水有機溶劑。反應溫度為0~100℃,較佳為10~80℃。水滴加時,宜加熱到10~50℃,之後使其升溫到20~80℃並使其熟成之方法為較佳。
使用有機溶劑時宜為水溶性者,可以列舉甲醇、乙醇、1-丙醇、2-丙醇、1-丁醇、2-丁醇、2-甲基-1-丙醇等醇類;丁二醇單甲醚、丙二醇單甲醚、乙二醇單甲醚、丁二醇單乙醚、丙二醇單乙醚、乙二醇單乙醚、丁二醇單丙醚、丙二醇單丙醚、乙二醇單丙醚、丙二醇二甲醚、二乙二醇二甲醚、丙二醇單甲醚乙酸酯、丙二醇單乙醚乙酸酯、丙二醇單丙醚等多元醇縮合物衍生物;丙酮、四氫呋喃、乙腈等、及該等之混合物等。
有機溶劑之使用量可和上述為同量。對於獲得之反應混合物以和上述同樣的方法進行後處理,獲得聚矽氧烷。
又,本發明之光阻下層膜形成用組成物使用之聚矽氧烷也可藉由例如使上述通式(B-1)表示之化合物、及視須要的上述通式(B-2)表示之化合物於鹼觸媒存在下進行水解縮合以製造。
此時使用之鹼觸媒可列舉甲胺、乙胺、丙胺、丁胺、乙二胺、六亞甲基二胺、二甲胺、二乙胺、乙基甲胺、三甲胺、三乙胺、三丙胺、三丁胺、環己胺、二環己胺、單乙醇胺、二乙醇胺、二甲基單乙醇胺、單甲基二乙醇胺、三乙醇胺、二氮雜雙環辛烷、二氮雜雙環環壬烯、二氮雜雙環十一烯、六亞甲基四胺、苯胺、N,N-二甲基苯胺、吡啶、N,N-二甲胺基吡啶、吡咯、哌、吡咯啶、哌啶、甲基吡啶、四甲基氫氧化銨、氫氧化膽鹼、四丙基氫氧化銨、四丁基氫氧化銨、氨、氫氧化鋰、氫氧化鈉、氫氧化鉀、氫氧化鋇、氫氧化鈣等。觸媒之使用量相對於單體1莫耳,通常為10-6
莫耳~10莫耳,較佳為10-5
莫耳~5莫耳,更佳為10-4
莫耳~1莫耳。
從該等單體利用水解縮合獲得聚矽氧烷時之水之量,宜就鍵結於單體之水解性取代基每1莫耳添加0.1~50莫耳較佳。添加量為50莫耳以下的話,反應使用的裝置不會變得過大,有經濟性。
操作方法係於觸媒水溶液添加單體使水解縮合反應開始。此時可於觸媒水溶液中添加有機溶劑,也可將單體以有機溶劑稀釋,也可實施兩者。反應溫度宜為0~100℃,更佳為5~80℃。單體滴加時保持溫度為5~80℃,於之後20~80℃熟成之方法為較佳。
能加到鹼觸媒水溶液、或能稀釋單體之有機溶劑,可使用與能添加在酸觸媒水溶液時例示之有機溶劑為同樣者。有機溶劑之使用量,宜相對於單體1莫耳為0~1,000ml,尤其0~500mL較佳。若為如此的使用量,反應使用的裝置不會變得過大,有經濟性。
之後視須要實施觸媒之中和反應,將於水解縮合反應生成之醇減壓除去,獲得反應混合物水溶液。此時中和能使用之酸性物質之量,相對於觸媒使用之鹼性物質宜為0.1~2當量為較佳。此酸性物質只要是在水中呈酸性者即可,可為任意物質。
然後,宜從反應混合物將在水解縮合反應生成之醇等副生物利用減壓除去等予以去除較佳。此時將反應混合物加熱之溫度及減壓度可以和使用酸觸媒時相同。
之後,可以從反應混合物將水解縮合使用的鹼觸媒去除。就去除鹼觸媒之方法,係將水和聚矽氧烷混合並將聚矽氧烷以有機溶劑萃取。此時使用之有機溶劑,可以使用與除去酸觸媒時使用者所具體例示之上述有機溶劑為同樣者。
又,也可以使用水溶性有機溶劑與水難性有機溶劑之混合物。此時使用之水溶性有機溶劑與水難性有機溶劑之混合物可使用與除去酸觸媒時使用者所具體例示之上述混合物為同樣者。 水溶性有機溶劑與水難溶性有機溶劑之混合比例可和除去酸觸媒時使用的混合比例相同。
然後也可以用中性水洗滌。此水可使用通常稱為去離子水、超純水者。此時之水之量、洗滌方法、洗滌次數,設為和使用酸觸媒時相同即可。 由於此時之水洗操作,聚矽氧烷一部分會進入水層,有時獲得實質上與區分操作為同等的效果,所以水洗次數或洗滌水之量,評估觸媒去除效果及區分效果適當選擇即可。
又尚有酸觸媒殘留之聚矽氧烷溶液、及已去除酸觸媒之聚矽氧烷溶液,均可添加最後的溶劑並於減壓進行溶劑交換而獲得聚矽氧烷溶液。此時之溶劑交換之溫度、減壓度、及最終的聚矽氧烷溶液之濃度,可設為和使用酸觸媒時相同。 又,加到聚矽氧烷溶液之最終溶劑也可使用和使用酸觸媒時相同者。 又,和使用酸觸媒時同樣,也可以添加安定劑。
又,就其他反應操作而言,於單體或單體之有機溶液中添加水或含水有機溶劑,使水解反應開始。此時,觸媒可添加到單體或單體之有機溶液,也可添加到水或含水有機溶劑。反應溫度為0~100℃,較佳為10~80℃。宜為水滴加時加熱到10~50℃,之後使其升溫到20~80℃並使其熟成之方法較佳。 又,使用有機溶劑時,可使用和使用酸觸媒時為同樣者。
獲得之聚矽氧烷之分子量不只可藉由單體之選擇,也可藉由控制聚合時之反應條件以調整,宜使用重量平均分子量為100,000以下,更佳為200~50,000,又更佳為300~30,000者。重量平均分子量若為100,000以下,無發生異物、塗佈斑之虞。 又,關於上述重量平均分子量之數據,係以RI作為檢測器,以四氫呋喃作為溶離溶劑,利用凝膠滲透層析(GPC),使用聚苯乙烯作為標準物質,以聚苯乙烯換算來表示分子量。
[其他添加成分] 本發明之光阻下層膜形成用組成物中,為了改善安定性,宜添加碳數1~30之1元或2元以上之有機酸較佳。作為如此的有機酸可列舉甲酸、乙酸、丙酸、丁酸、戊酸、己酸、庚酸、辛酸、壬酸、癸酸、油酸、硬脂酸、亞麻油酸、次亞麻油酸、苯甲酸、鄰苯二甲酸、間苯二甲酸、對苯二甲酸、水楊酸、三氟乙酸、單氯乙酸、二氯乙酸、三氯乙酸、草酸、丙二酸、甲基丙二酸、乙基丙二酸、丙基丙二酸、丁基丙二酸、二甲基丙二酸、二乙基丙二酸、琥珀酸、甲基琥珀酸、戊二酸、己二酸、衣康酸、馬來酸、富馬酸、檸康酸、檸檬酸等。尤其草酸、馬來酸、甲酸、乙酸、丙酸、檸檬酸等為較佳。又,為了確保安定性,也可混用2種以上的酸。添加量相對於組成物所含之聚矽氧烷100質量份宜為0.001~25質量份,更佳為0.01~15質量份,又更佳為0.1~5質量份。 或,宜摻合上述有機酸,使換算為組成物之pH成為較佳為0≦pH≦7,更佳為0.3≦pH≦6.5,又更佳為0.5≦pH≦6。
又,本發明之光阻下層膜形成用組成物中也可以添加水。若添加水,聚矽氧烷會水合,故微影性能提高。組成物之溶劑成分中,水之含有率較佳為超過0質量%且未達50質量%,更佳為0.3~30質量%,又更佳為0.5~20質量%。 含水之全部溶劑之使用量,宜相對於基礎聚合物(聚矽氧烷)100質量份為100~100,000質量份,更佳為200~50,000質量份。藉由為如此的添加量,能使微影性能提高,且塗佈膜之均勻性不易惡化,所以能抑制眼孔(eye hole)發生。
又,本發明之光阻下層膜形成用組成物中也可添加光酸產生劑。如此的光酸產生劑,具體而言可列舉如日本特開2009-126940號公報之(0160)段落至(0179)段落記載之光酸產生劑。
又,本發明之光阻下層膜形成用組成物中,為了改善組成物的安定性,也可添加安定劑。如此的安定劑可列舉具有環狀醚作為取代基之1元或2元以上的醇等醚化合物,具體而言可列舉日本特開2009-126940號公報之(0180)段落至(0184)段落記載之安定劑。
又,本發明之光阻下層膜形成用組成物中也可視需要添加界面活性劑。如此的界面活性劑,具體而言可列舉日本特開2009-126940號公報之(0185)段落記載之界面活性劑。
若為以上説明之本發明之光阻下層膜形成用組成物,特別是KrF曝光處理能抑制反射,可形成和光阻下層膜上形成之光阻圖案間的密合性良好,且在光阻下層膜之上層光阻圖案與下層例如有機下層膜之間有良好之乾蝕刻選擇性的光阻下層膜。
<圖案形成方法> 本發明提供一種圖案圖案形成方法,係於被加工體上使用塗佈型有機下層膜材料形成有機下層膜,在該有機下層膜之上使用上述本發明之光阻下層膜形成用組成物形成光阻下層膜,在該光阻下層膜上形成光阻圖案,將該光阻圖案作為遮罩而於前述光阻下層膜利用乾蝕刻轉印圖案,將該轉印有圖案之光阻下層膜作為遮罩而於前述有機下層膜利用乾蝕刻轉印圖案,再將該轉印有圖案之有機下層膜作為遮罩,於於前述被加工體利用乾蝕刻轉印圖案。
又,本發明提供一種圖案形成方法,係於被加工體上利用CVD法形成碳為主成分之有機硬遮罩,在該有機硬遮罩之上使用上述本發明之光阻下層膜形成用組成物形成光阻下層膜,在該光阻下層膜上形成光阻圖案,將該光阻圖案作為遮罩而於前述光阻下層膜利用乾蝕刻轉印圖案,將該轉印有圖案之光阻下層膜作為遮罩而對於前述有機硬遮罩利用乾蝕刻轉印圖案,再將該轉印有圖案之有機硬遮罩作為遮罩,於前述被加工體利用乾蝕刻轉印圖案。
在此,被加工體可使用半導體裝置基板、或已於半導體基板形成金屬膜、金屬碳化膜、金屬氧化膜、金屬氮化膜、金屬氧化碳化膜、及金屬氧化氮化膜中之任一者作為被加工層(被加工部分)者等。
半導體基板一般使用矽基板,但無特殊限定,也可以使用Si、非晶矽(α-Si)、p-Si、SiO2
、SiN、SiON、W、TiN、Al等和被加工層為不同材質者。
構成被加工體的金屬可使用包括矽、鈦、鎢、鉿、鋯、鉻、鍺、銅、鋁、銦、鎵、砷、鈀、鐵、鉭、銥、鉬、或該等之合金者,含有如此之金屬之被加工層,例如:Si、SiO2
、SiN、SiON、SiOC、p-Si、α-Si、TiN、BPSG、SOG、Cr、CrO、CrON、MoSi、W、W-Si、Al、Cu、Al-Si等及各種低介電膜及其蝕刻阻擋膜,膜厚宜為50~10,000nm,100~5,000nm更理想。
本發明之圖案形成方法中,係於如此的被加工體上使用塗佈型有機下層膜材料形成有機下層膜,或以CVD法形成碳為主成分之有機硬遮罩。 又,在此所指之塗佈型有機下層膜材料,係指利用旋塗法等將材料溶液塗佈在被加工體上而形成有機下層膜。 作為如此的塗佈型有機下層膜材料宜使用含有蒽骨架者較佳。藉由在含有蒽骨架之有機下層膜上使用本發明之光阻下層膜形成用組成物形成光阻下層膜,能更抑制反射。
本發明之圖案形成方法中,光阻下層膜可使用上述本發明之光阻下層膜形成用組成物和光阻膜同樣利用旋塗法等形成在有機下層膜上或有機硬遮罩上。旋塗後使溶劑蒸發,能防止和上層光阻(光阻膜)混合,且為了促進交聯反應,宜進行烘烤。烘烤溫度為50~500℃之範圍內較理想,烘烤時間宜為10~300秒之範圍內為較佳。尤理想的溫度範圍取決於製造的裝置的結構,為了減少對於裝置之熱損害,宜為400℃以下較佳。
如上,藉由使用本發明之光阻下層膜形成用組成物形成光阻下層膜,特別是能抑制於KrF曝光處理之反射,和在光阻下層膜上形成之光阻圖案間的密合性良好,能形成在光阻下層膜之上層光阻圖案(光阻膜)與下層有機下層膜(或有機硬遮罩)之間有良好的乾蝕刻選擇性的光阻下層膜。
本發明之圖案形成方法中,光阻圖案之形成可依使用光阻組成物之光微影等公知方法進行。例如:可使用化學增幅型光阻組成物在光阻下層膜上形成光阻膜,於加熱處理後利用高能射線對於形成之光阻膜曝光之後顯影,以形成光阻圖案。顯影可進行使用鹼顯影液使光阻膜之曝光部溶解之正顯影,也可於曝光後實施使用有機溶劑之顯影液使光阻膜之未曝光部溶解之負顯影。
本發明之圖案形成方法,使用如上述光微影之光阻圖案形成之光阻組成物為化學增幅型,但只要能使用鹼顯影液之正型顯影或使用有機溶劑之顯影液之負型顯影等來形成圖案即可,並無特別限定。
作為使用高能射線之微影法,宜為使用300nm以下之光之微影法,尤其使用KrF準分子雷射光所為之曝光處理(KrF曝光處理)較理想,此時上層之光阻膜宜為通常之KrF準分子雷射光用光阻組成物為較佳,但也可使用ArF曝光。
又,作為形成光阻圖案之其他方法,可以列舉定向自組織化法(DSA法)、奈米壓印微影法。
藉由使用如此的本發明之圖案形成方法,能於基板以高精度形成微細的圖案。
如上,若為本發明之4級銨鹽化合物,例如作為熱交聯促進劑而添加在含聚矽氧烷之光阻下層膜形成用組成物,則特別能抑制KrF曝光處理之反射,能形成對於在其上形成之光阻圖案呈現良好密合性,且對於形成於上部之光阻圖案與形成在下部之例如有機下層膜(或有機硬遮罩)之兩者呈現高蝕刻選擇性之光阻下層膜。所以,當將形成之光阻圖案使用乾蝕刻處理按順序轉印到光阻下層膜、有機下層膜(或有機硬遮罩)時,能以良好的圖案形狀轉印圖案。藉此,最終能於基板上以高精度轉印於上層光阻形成之圖案。 [實施例]
以下使用合成例、實施例、及比較例對於本發明具體説明,但本發明不限於此等。
[4級銨鹽化合物之合成] 通式(A-1)表示之本發明之4級銨鹽化合物依以下所示方法合成(合成例1-1~1-8)。
(合成例1-1)氯化(9-蒽基甲基)苄基二甲基銨(S1)之合成 【化14】將9-氯甲基蒽5.0g溶於N-甲基吡咯烷酮15g。添加苄基二甲胺3.6g,於50℃攪拌4小時。添加4-甲基-2-戊酮50g,放冷16小時。濾取生成的固體,以4-甲基-2-戊酮洗滌後,以60℃減壓乾燥,獲得氯化(9-蒽基甲基)苄基二甲基銨7.8g。
又,獲得之化合物使用MALDI-TOF-MS、IR、1
H-NMR、13
C-NMR進行分析,鑑別為氯化(9-蒽基甲基)苄基二甲基銨(S1)。 MALDI-TOF-MS(DCTB/CHCl3
):(+)191.1、326.2、(-)35.0。 IR(D-ATR):ν=3083、3054、3023、2995、2968、1624、1481、1454、1439、1413、1351、1340、1261、1222、1050、1039、991、982、972、931、893、854、806、769、747、735、708、652、601cm-1
。1
H-NMR(500MHz,於DMSO-d6):δ=2.81(6H,s)、5.18(2H,t,J=3Hz)、5.98(2H,s)、7.45-7.53(3H,m)、7.59(2H,dd,J=8、7Hz)、7.65-7.72(4H,m)、8.20(2H,d,J=9Hz)、8.90(3H,m)。13
C-NMR(125MHz,於DMSO-d6):δ=48.20、59.02、66.55、119.32、125.08、125.33、127.51、128.43、128.77、129.43、130.18、130.99、131.95、133.03、133.36。
(合成例1-2)硝酸(9-蒽基甲基)苄基二甲基銨(S2)之合成 【化15】將氯化(9-蒽基甲基)苄基二甲基銨3.6g、硝酸銀(I)2.2g、甲醇20g之混合物於60℃攪拌20小時。分濾不溶成分後減壓濃縮,獲得硝酸(9-蒽基甲基)苄基二甲基銨3.6g。
又,獲得之化合物使用MALDI-TOF-MS、IR、1
H-NMR、13
C-NMR分析,鑑別為硝酸(9-蒽基甲基)苄基二甲基銨(S2)。 MALDI-TOF-MS(DCTB/CHCl3
):(+)191.2、326.2、(-)62.0。 IR(D-ATR):ν=3037、1746、1707、1625、1504、1483、1446、1415、1357、1329、1260、1183、1160、1041、989、956、928、895、856、810、769、741、728、709、655、603cm-1
。1
H-NMR(500MHz,於DMSO-d6):δ=2,78(6H,s)、4.89(2H,s)、5.82(2H,s)、7.45-7.55(3H,m)、7.60-7.65(4H,m)、7.70-7.75(2H,m)、8.23(2H,d,J=8Hz)、8.66(2H,d,J=10Hz)、8.93(1H,s)。13
C-NMR(125MHz,於DMSO-d6):δ=48.50、59.26、67.21、119.07、124.54、125.39、127.66、128.09、128.94、129.61、130.36、131.05、132.11、132.96、133.30。
(合成例1-3)氯化[3-(9-蒽基羰氧基)丙基]三乙基銨(S3)之合成 【化16】將9-蒽羧酸3-氯丙酯11g、三乙胺32g、乙腈30g之混合物於高壓釜中於140℃攪拌3.5小時。將反應液濃縮後利用矽膠管柱層析精製,獲得氯化[3-(9-蒽基羰氧基)丙基]三乙基銨2.3g。
又,獲得之化合物使用MALDI-TOF-MS、1
H-NMR、13
C-NMR分析,鑑別為氯化[3-(9-蒽基羰氧基)丙基]三乙基銨(S3)。 MALDI-TOF-MS(DCTB/CHCl3
):(+)364.2、(-)35.0。1
H-NMR(600MHz,於DMSO-d6):δ=1.11(9H,t,J=7Hz)、2.20(2H,m)、3.26(6H,q,J=7Hz)、3.32(2H,m)、4.69(2H,t,J=6Hz)、7.59(2H,br.t,J=8Hz)、7.65(2H,br.t,J=9Hz)、8.04(2H,br.d,8Hz)、8.17(2H,br.d,9Hz)、8.80(1H,s)。13
C-NMR(150MHz,於DMSO-d6):δ=7.11、21.01、52.10、53.25、54.93、124.58、125.79、127.21、127.48、127.52、128.66、129.42、130.38、168.45。
(合成例1-4)硝酸[3-(9-蒽基羰氧基)丙基]三乙基銨(S4)之合成 【化17】將氯化[3-(9-蒽基羰氧基)丙基]三乙基銨2.3g、硝酸銀(I)1.4g、第三丁醇10g之混合物於80℃攪拌40小時。分濾不溶成分,減壓濃縮後利用矽膠管柱層析精製,獲得硝酸[3-(9-蒽基羰氧基)丙基]三乙基銨1.8g。
又,獲得之化合物利用MALDI-TOF-MS、IR、1
H-NMR、13
C-NMR分析,鑑別為硝酸[3-(9-蒽基羰氧基)丙基]三乙基銨(S4)。 MALDI-TOF-MS(DCTB/CHCl3
):(+)364.2、(-)62.0。 IR(D-ATR):ν=2987、1721、1625、1523、1448、1397、1341、1264、1206、1174、1153、1039、1015、862、826、796、746cm-1
。1
H-NMR(500MHz,於DMSO-d6):δ=1.10(9H,br.t,J=7Hz)、2.19(2H,m)、3.21-3.31(8H,m)、4.67(2H,br.t,J=6Hz)、7.59(2H,m)、7.65(2H,m)、8.04(2H,br.d,9Hz)、8.17(2H,br.d,9Hz)、8.80(1H,s)。13
C-NMR(125MHz,於DMSO-d6):δ=7.07、20.97、52.08、53.24、62.75、124.63、125.86、127.24、127.53、127.56、128.71、129.47、130.43、168.51。
(合成例1-5)氯化(9-蒽基甲氧基羰基甲基)三甲基銨(S5)之合成 【化18】將甜菜鹼2.5g、9-氯甲基蒽5.0g、乙腈25g之混合物於90℃攪拌5小時。添加4-甲基-2-戊酮75mL,放冷後濾取結晶,使用4-甲基-2-戊酮洗滌。於50℃進行減壓乾燥,獲得氯化(9-蒽基甲氧基羰基甲基)三甲基銨5.8g。
又,獲得之化合物使用MALDI-TOF-MS、IR、1
H-NMR、13
C-NMR分析,鑑別為氯化(9-蒽基甲氧基羰基甲基)三甲基銨(S5)。 MALDI-TOF-MS(DCTB/CHCl3
):(+)308.2、(-)35.0。 IR(D-ATR):ν=3016、2952、1742、1719、1625、1482、1463、1403、1259、1196、1143、1121、1046、1014、998、958、931、882、867、742、733、702、638、600cm-1
。1
H-NMR(600MHz,於DMSO-d6):δ=3.27(9H,s)、4.57(2H,s)、6.29(2H,s)、7.57(2H,m)、7.65(2H,m)、8.15(2H,d,J=8Hz)、8.40(2H,d,J=8Hz)、8.74(1H,s)。13
C-NMR(150MHz,於DMSO-d6):δ=53.01、60.09、62.42、123.09、124.99、125.35、126.99、129.02、129.45、130.56、130.83、164.99。
(合成例1-6)硝酸(9-蒽基甲氧基羰基甲基)三甲基銨(S6)之合成 【化19】將氯化(9-蒽基甲氧基羰基甲基)三甲基銨3.0g、硝酸銀(I)、1.6g、第三丁醇15g之混合物於80℃攪拌6小時。濾取固體後,使用二氯甲烷從固體萃取目的物。濃縮後添加4-甲基-2-戊酮並攪拌後,濾取固體並減壓乾燥,獲得硝酸(9-蒽基甲氧基羰基甲基)三甲基銨1.8g。
又,獲得之化合物利用IR、1
H-NMR、13
C-NMR之分析,鑑別為硝酸(9-蒽基甲氧基羰基甲基)三甲基銨(S6)。 IR(D-ATR):ν=3034、2981、1748、1625、1492、1478、1463、1407、1359、1326、1269、1258、1192、1182、1163、1135、1055、1040、1007、997、958、932、906、894、885、868、790、765、733、702cm-1
。1
H-NMR(600MHz,於DMSO-d6):δ=3.24(9H,s)、4.45(2H,s)、6.30(2H,s)、7.57(2H,m)、7.65(2H,m)、8.15(2H,d,J=9Hz)、8.40(2H,dd,J=9.1Hz)、8.74(1H,s)。13
C-NMR(150MHz,於DMSO-d6):δ=53.16、60.12、62.56、123.90、124.96、125.36、126.99、129.02、129.46、130.57、130.84、164.88。
(合成例1-7)苯甲酸(9-蒽基甲基)三甲基銨(S7)之合成 【化20】將9-氯甲基蒽10.0g溶於N-甲基吡咯烷酮40g。費時40分鐘添加三甲胺(13重量%四氫呋喃溶液)30g後,於50℃攪拌3小時。加入4-甲基-2-戊酮70g,放冷16小時。濾取產生之固體,以4-甲基-2-戊酮洗滌後,於50℃進行減壓乾燥,獲得氯化(9-蒽基甲基)三甲基銨12.5g。 於苯甲酸1.47g、乙腈16g之混合物中添加氧化銀(I)1.39g後,加入氯化(9-蒽基甲基)三甲基銨3.43g,於室溫攪拌20小時。添加甲醇,濾取不溶成分後減壓濃縮。加入二異丙醚,濾取析出之結晶並減壓乾燥,獲得苯甲酸(9-蒽基甲基)三甲基銨4.26g。
又,獲得之化合物利用LC-MS、IR、1
H-NMR、13
C-NMR分析,鑑別為苯甲酸(9-蒽基甲基)三甲基銨(S7)。 LC-MS(ESI):(+)250、(-)121。 IR(D-ATR):ν=3017、1622、1605、1564、1492、1460、1449、1364、1261、1188、1162、1064、1049、1021、972、946、900、876、868、825、797、750、735、719、670、634、602cm-1
。1
H-NMR(500MHz,於DMSO-d6):δ=3.13(9H,s)、5.78(2H,s)、7.23(3H,m)、7.58(2H,dd,J=9.7Hz)、7.65(2H,m)、7.87(2H,m)、8.19(2H,d,J=9Hz)、8.81(2H,d,J=9Hz)、8.88(1H,s)。13
C-NMR(125MHz,於DMSO-d6):δ=52.70、58.76、119.85、124.96、125.35、126.89、127.46、128.01、128.93、129.40、130.97、131.74、132.82、141.78、168.31。
(合成例1-8)三氟乙酸(9-蒽基甲基)三甲基銨(S8)之合成 【化21】於三氟乙酸1.20g、乙腈16g之混合物中加入氧化銀(I)1.16g後,添加氯化(9-蒽基甲基)三甲基銨2.86g,於室溫攪拌20小時。添加甲醇,分濾不溶成分後減壓濃縮。添加二異丙醚,濾取析出的結晶並減壓乾燥,獲得三氟乙酸(9-蒽基甲基)三甲基銨3.37g。
又,獲得之化合物利用LC-MS、1
H-NMR、13
C-NMR、19
F-NMR之分析,鑑別為三氟乙酸(9-蒽基甲基)三甲基銨(S8)。 LC-MS(ESI):(+)250、(-)113。 IR(D-ATR):ν=3032、1682、1667、1626、1526、1507、1496、1481、1450、1413、1120、1167、1119、976、947、924、878、823、802、754、736、715、648、636、602cm-1
。1
H-NMR(500MHz,於DMSO-d6):δ=3.09(9H,s)、5.69(2H,s)、7.60(2H,dd,J=8、7Hz)、7.70(2H,m)、8.21(2H,d,J=9Hz)、8.72(2H,d,J=9Hz)、8.90(1H,s)。13
C-NMR(125MHz,於DMSO-d6):δ=52.73、58.83、117.48(q、J=300Hz)、119.62、124.74、125.35、127.49、129.45、130.96、131.80、132.77、157.91(q、J=30Hz)。19
F-NMR(470MHz,於DMSO-d6):δ=-74.79(3F、s)。
[聚矽氧烷之合成] 通式(B-1)表示之聚矽氧烷依以下所示之方法合成(合成例2-1~2-3)。 (合成例2-1)聚矽氧烷1之合成 於乙醇260g、甲烷磺酸0.2g、及去離子水260g之混合物中添加甲基三甲氧基矽烷34.1g及四乙氧基矽烷52.2g之混合物,於40℃保持12小時,使其水解縮合。反應結束後添加丙二醇乙醚(PGEE)300g,將副生醇及過量的水分減壓餾去,獲得聚矽氧烷1之PGEE溶液260g(化合物濃度11.2%)。測定聚矽氧烷1之聚苯乙烯換算分子量,結果為Mw=2,300。
(合成例2-2)聚矽氧烷2之合成 於乙醇260g、甲烷磺酸0.2g、及去離子水260g之混合物中添加苯基三甲氧基矽烷5.0g及四乙氧基矽烷99.2g之混合物,於40℃保持12小時,使其水解縮合。反應結束後添加丙二醇乙醚(PGEE)300g,將副生醇及過量的水分減壓餾去,獲得聚矽氧烷2之PGEE溶液290g(化合物濃度10.1%)。測定聚矽氧烷2之聚苯乙烯換算分子量,結果為Mw=1,900。
(合成例2-3)聚矽氧烷3之合成 於乙醇260g、甲烷磺酸0.2g、及去離子水260g之混合物中添加甲基三甲氧基矽烷68.1g,於40℃保持12小時使其水解縮合。反應結束後添加丙二醇乙醚(PGEE)300g,將副生醇及過量的水分減壓餾去,獲得聚矽氧烷3之PGEE溶液310g(化合物濃度10.1%)。測定聚矽氧烷3之聚苯乙烯換算分子量,結果為Mw=2,200。
[實施例、比較例] 將上述合成例2-1~2-3獲得之聚矽氧烷1~3、作為熱交聯促進劑之合成例1-1~1-8獲得之4級銨鹽化合物(S1~S8)、溶劑、添加物(H2
O)依表1所示比例混合,以0.1μm之氟樹脂製濾器過濾,分別製備成光阻下層膜形成用組成物溶液,並命名為Sol.1~19。
[表1]TMBMA:馬來酸單(苄基三甲基銨)
[光學特性之評價] 將Sol.1~19旋轉塗佈,於200℃加熱60秒,形成膜厚80nm之含聚矽氧烷之膜(命為Film1~19),以J.A. Woollam公司之入射角度可變的分光橢偏儀(VUV-VASE)求取Film1~19於波長248nm之光學常數(折射率n、衰減係數k、反射),結果示於表2。
[表2]
如表2所示,比起使用包括習知熱交聯促進劑之Sol.17形成之Film17、使用不含熱交聯促進劑之Sol.18、19形成之Film18、19,使用含有本發明之4級銨鹽化合物作為熱交聯促進劑之Sol.1~16形成之Film1~16能壓低折射率,且衰減係數良好,於KrF之反射能壓抑在1%以下。
[圖案化試驗] 於矽晶圓上以膜厚2.0μm塗佈信越化學工業(股)製旋塗碳膜形成用組成物ODL-69(碳含量86質量%),於300℃加熱60秒,形成有機下層膜。於其上塗佈為光阻下層膜形成用組成物之上述Sol.1~19,於200℃加熱60秒,形成膜厚80nm之為光阻下層膜之Film1~19。
然後,於Film1~19上塗佈表3記載之KrF光阻溶液(PR-1),於100℃烘烤90秒,形成膜厚250nm之光阻層。 其次將此等以KrF浸潤曝光裝置(Nikon(股) 製;NSR-S206D(NA=0.68)曝光,於110℃烘烤60秒(PEB),並以2.38質量%四甲基氫氧化銨(TMAH)水溶液顯影,獲得130nm之線與間距圖案。將此晶圓之剖面形狀以日立製作所(股)製電子顯微鏡(S-9380)測定,結果示於表4。
[表3]
KrF光阻聚合物:分子量(Mw)=15,000 分散度(Mw/Mn)=1.98 【化22】PAG1(酸產生劑):10-樟腦磺酸(4-丁氧基苯基)二苯基鋶 PAG2(酸產生劑):雙(環己基磺醯基)重氮甲烷 Base(鹼性化合物):參(2-甲氧基乙基)胺 界面活性劑:FC-4430(住友3M (股)製) 溶劑A:丙二醇甲醚乙酸酯(PGMEA) 溶劑B:乳酸乙酯
[表4]
如表4,使用含有習知之熱交聯促進劑之Sol.17、不含熱交聯促進劑之Sol.18、19形成光阻下層膜並圖案化時,獲得之圖案之剖面形狀成為推拔形狀,相對於此,使用含有作為熱交聯促進劑之本發明之4級銨鹽化合物之Sol.1~16形成光阻下層膜並圖案化時,可以獲得剖面形狀為矩形之圖案形狀。
由以上可知:藉由使用含有本發明之4級銨鹽化合物之光阻下層膜形成用組成物形成圖案,能抑制於KrF曝光處理之反射,且能形成有矩形之圖案形狀的圖案。
又,本發明不限於上述實施形態。上述實施形態為例示,和本發明之申請專利範圍記載之技術思想有實質相同構成且發揮同樣作用效果者均包括在本發明之技術範圍內。
無
Claims (8)
- 一種4級銨鹽化合物,其特徵為:以下列通式(A-1)表示; 【化1】(式中,R1 、R2 、R3 各表示碳數1~12之直鏈狀、分支狀、或環狀之烷基或烯基、碳數6~20之芳基、或碳數7~12之芳烷基,且該等基之氫原子之一部分或全部也可取代為羥基、烷氧基、或鹵素原子,也可具有羰基、酯鍵中之1種以上;R4 表示單鍵、碳數1~12之直鏈狀、分支狀、或環狀之伸烷基或伸烯基、碳數6~20之伸芳基、或碳數7~12之伸芳烷基,且該等基之氫原子之一部分或全部也可取代為烷氧基或鹵素原子,也可以有醚鍵、羰基、酯鍵、醯胺鍵中之1種以上;A- 為非親核性相對離子)。
- 一種光阻下層膜形成用組成物,其特徵為:含有如申請專利範圍第1項之4級銨鹽化合物及聚矽氧烷。
- 如申請專利範圍第2項之光阻下層膜形成用組成物,其中,該聚矽氧烷含有下列通式(B-1)表示之化合物、其水解物、其縮合物、其水解縮合物中之1種以上; R1B B1 R2B B2 R3B B3 Si(OR0B )(4-B1-B2-B3) (B-1) (式中,R0B 為碳數1~6之烴基,R1B 、R2B 、R3B 為氫原子或1價之有機基;又,B1、B2、B3為0或1,且0≦B1+B2+B3≦3)。
- 一種圖案形成方法,係於被加工體上使用塗佈型有機下層膜材料形成有機下層膜,在該有機下層膜之上使用如申請專利範圍第2或3項之光阻下層膜形成用組成物形成光阻下層膜,在該光阻下層膜上形成光阻圖案,將該光阻圖案作為遮罩而於該光阻下層膜利用乾蝕刻轉印圖案,將該轉印有圖案之光阻下層膜作為遮罩而於該有機下層膜利用乾蝕刻轉印圖案,再將該已轉印有圖案之有機下層膜作為遮罩而於該被加工體利用乾蝕刻轉印圖案。
- 如申請專利範圍第4項之圖案形成方法,其中,該塗佈型有機下層膜材料係使用含有蒽骨架者。
- 一種圖案形成方法,其特徵為:被加工體上以CVD法形成碳為主成分之有機硬遮罩,在該有機硬遮罩之上使用如申請專利範圍第2或3項之光阻下層膜形成用組成物形成光阻下層膜,在該光阻下層膜上形成光阻圖案,將該光阻圖案作為遮罩而於該光阻下層膜利用乾蝕刻轉印圖案,將該轉印有圖案之光阻下層膜作為遮罩而對於該有機硬遮罩利用乾蝕刻轉印圖案,再將該轉印有圖案之有機硬遮罩作為遮罩於該被加工體利用乾蝕刻轉印圖案。
- 如申請專利範圍第4至6項中任一項之圖案形成方法,係使用半導體裝置基板、或於該半導體裝置基板形成了金屬膜、金屬碳化膜、金屬氧化膜、金屬氮化膜、金屬氧化碳化膜、及金屬氧化氮化膜中之任一膜者作為該被加工體。
- 如申請專利範圍第7項之圖案形成方法,其中,構成該被加工體之金屬包括矽、鈦、鎢、鉿、鋯、鉻、鍺、銅、鋁、銦、鎵、砷、鈀、鐵、鉭、銥、鉬、或該等之合金。
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- 2015-04-07 US US14/680,581 patent/US9490144B2/en active Active
- 2015-05-07 KR KR1020150063672A patent/KR101840909B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2015-06-02 TW TW104117711A patent/TWI549932B/zh active
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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TWI733298B (zh) * | 2019-01-09 | 2021-07-11 | 日商信越化學工業股份有限公司 | 熱硬化性含矽化合物、含矽膜形成用組成物以及圖案形成方法 |
US11485824B2 (en) | 2019-01-09 | 2022-11-01 | Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. | Thermosetting silicon-containing compound, composition for forming a silicon-containing film, and patterning process |
TWI747505B (zh) * | 2019-09-19 | 2021-11-21 | 日商信越化學工業股份有限公司 | 含矽之阻劑下層膜形成用組成物及圖案形成方法 |
US12001138B2 (en) | 2019-09-19 | 2024-06-04 | Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. | Composition for forming silicon-containing resist underlayer film and patterning process |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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JP6158754B2 (ja) | 2017-07-05 |
KR101840909B1 (ko) | 2018-03-21 |
US9490144B2 (en) | 2016-11-08 |
JP2015229640A (ja) | 2015-12-21 |
KR20150139770A (ko) | 2015-12-14 |
US20150357204A1 (en) | 2015-12-10 |
TWI549932B (zh) | 2016-09-21 |
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