TWI535708B - 紫外線吸收劑、光阻下層膜形成用組成物及圖案形成方法 - Google Patents
紫外線吸收劑、光阻下層膜形成用組成物及圖案形成方法 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI535708B TWI535708B TW104126763A TW104126763A TWI535708B TW I535708 B TWI535708 B TW I535708B TW 104126763 A TW104126763 A TW 104126763A TW 104126763 A TW104126763 A TW 104126763A TW I535708 B TWI535708 B TW I535708B
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- DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus pentoxide Inorganic materials O1P(O2)(=O)OP3(=O)OP1(=O)OP2(=O)O3 DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- JRMUNVKIHCOMHV-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylammonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC JRMUNVKIHCOMHV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- DPKBAXPHAYBPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylazanium;iodide Chemical compound [I-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC DPKBAXPHAYBPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RKHXQBLJXBGEKF-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylphosphanium;bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCC[P+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC RKHXQBLJXBGEKF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- IBWGNZVCJVLSHB-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylphosphanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCC[P+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC IBWGNZVCJVLSHB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- HWCKGOZZJDHMNC-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetraethylammonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC HWCKGOZZJDHMNC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000003698 tetramethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- DDFYFBUWEBINLX-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetramethylammonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].C[N+](C)(C)C DDFYFBUWEBINLX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- YFCQYHXBNVEQKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrapropoxystannane Chemical compound CCCO[Sn](OCCC)(OCCC)OCCC YFCQYHXBNVEQKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LPSKDVINWQNWFE-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrapropylazanium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CCC[N+](CCC)(CCC)CCC LPSKDVINWQNWFE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylamine Chemical compound CCCCN(CCCC)CCCC IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphate Chemical compound CCOP(=O)(OCC)OCC DQWPFSLDHJDLRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BDZBKCUKTQZUTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl phosphite Chemical compound CCOP(OCC)OCC BDZBKCUKTQZUTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WVLBCYQITXONBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl phosphate Chemical compound COP(=O)(OC)OC WVLBCYQITXONBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CYTQBVOFDCPGCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl phosphite Chemical compound COP(OC)OC CYTQBVOFDCPGCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GNMJFQWRASXXMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M trimethyl(phenyl)azanium;bromide Chemical compound [Br-].C[N+](C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 GNMJFQWRASXXMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-O triphenylphosphanium Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1[PH+](C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- QOPBTFMUVTXWFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropyl phosphite Chemical compound CCCOP(OCCC)OCCC QOPBTFMUVTXWFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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Description
本發明係關於紫外線吸收劑、含有此紫外線吸收劑之光阻下層膜形成用組成物、及使用其之圖案形成方法。
作為形成光阻圖案時使用之曝光光,於1980年代廣泛使用將水銀燈之g射線(436nm)或i射線(365nm)作為光源之光曝光。作為更微細化之方法,將曝光波長予以短波長化之方法被視為有效,1990年代之64M位元(加工尺寸0.25μm以下)DRAM(動態隨機存取記憶體)以後之量產處理,係將i射線(365nm)替換為使用短波長之KrF準分子雷射(248nm)作為曝光光源。但是在須要更微細加工技術(加工尺寸0.2μm以下)之整合度256M及1G以上之DRAM之製造,須更短波長之光源,約10年前起開始正式探討使用ArF準分子雷射(193nm)之光微影。
起初ArF微影應從180nm節點之裝置製作開始適用,但KrF準分子微影延用到130nm節點裝置量產為止,ArF微影之正式適用是從90nm節點開始。又,已實施和NA高達0.9之透鏡組合而量產65nm節點裝置。於次一45nm節點裝置,曝光波長之短波長化更推進,候選者可列舉波長157nm之F2
微影。
但是由於投影透鏡大量使用昂貴的CaF2
單晶導致掃描曝光機成本升高、軟式防護膠片的耐久性極低故須導入硬式防護膠片而伴隨光學系變更、光阻膜之蝕刻耐性降低等各種問題,導致F2
微影之開發中止,並導入ArF浸潤微影。
於ArF浸潤微影,可以藉由於投影透鏡與晶圓之間以部分填滿的方式插入折射率1.44之水,以藉此進行高速掃描,已利用NA1.3級之透鏡實施45nm節點裝置之量產。
作為32nm節點之微影技術,候選者可列舉波長13.5nm之真空紫外光(EUV)微影。EUV微影之問題點可列舉雷射之高輸出化、光阻膜之高感度化、高解像度化、低線邊緣粗糙度(LER)化、無缺陷MoSi疊層遮罩、反射鏡之低色差化等,待克服之問題堆積如山。
為32nm節點之另一候選者的高折射率浸潤微影,因為高折射率透鏡候選LUAG之透射率低、液體之折射率未達目標之1.8,因而已中止開發。
如以上,作為泛用技術使用之光曝光已逐漸逼近來自光源之波長之固有解像度的極限。而近年來,以往的利用鹼顯影所為之正調所為之圖案形成無法達成之非常微細的孔圖案利用有機溶劑顯影所為之負調形成圖案之有機溶劑顯影再度受重視。其係使用高解像性之正型光阻組成物,利用有機溶劑顯影形成負圖案之處理。又,藉由組合鹼顯影與有機溶劑顯影之2次顯影以達成2倍解像力之研究也正進行中(專利文獻1~3)。
作為將如此之微影圖案轉印到基板之方法之一有多層光阻法。此方法係將光阻膜,亦即和光阻上層膜之蝕刻選擇性不同之中間膜,例如含矽光阻下層膜插入於光阻上層膜與被加工基板之間,於光阻上層膜獲得圖案後,將上層光阻圖案作為乾蝕刻遮罩,利用乾蝕刻將圖案轉印到光阻下層膜,再將光阻下層膜作為乾蝕刻遮罩,利用乾蝕刻將圖案轉印到被加工基板之方法。
作為如此之多層光阻法使用的含矽膜形成用組成物已為人周知。例如:利用CVD獲得之含矽無機膜,例如SiO2
膜(專利文獻4)、SiON膜(專利文獻5)、利用旋轉塗佈獲得之膜有SOG(旋塗式玻璃)膜(專利文獻6)、交聯性倍半矽氧烷膜(專利文獻7)等。 [先前技術文獻] [專利文獻]
[專利文獻1]日本特開2008-281974號公報 [專利文獻2]日本特開2008-281980號公報 [專利文獻3]日本特開2009-053657號公報 [專利文獻4]日本特開平7-183194號公報 [專利文獻5]日本特開平7-181688號公報 [專利文獻6]日本特開2007-302873號公報 [專利文獻7]日本特表2005-520354號公報
(發明欲解決之課題)
本案發明人等針對至今為止之含矽之光阻下層膜形成用組成物之微影特性、安定性努力研究,並提供如日本專利4716037號公報揭示之含矽之光阻下層膜形成用組成物作為乾蝕刻遮罩材料,而能提供蝕刻選擇性與保存安定性良好之含矽之光阻下層膜。
但是半導體裝置之微細化不只是基板圖案線寬細線化之橫方向之微細化,也進行向深度方向之疊層化,所謂3次元化所致之高密度化,就基板加工之處理而言,高度方向之加工也變得重要。而就蝕刻遮罩而言之塗佈膜膜厚為必要,至今為止被認為不必使用乾蝕刻遮罩之和緩的設計圖案也開始需要乾蝕刻遮罩。
又,利用光微影形成圖案之方法中,為了抑制曝光光之反射,有時會使用抗反射膜,但自以前,為了使乾蝕刻遮罩本身帶有抗反射機能,曾有人嘗試在為乾蝕刻遮罩材料之光阻下層膜形成用組成物中添加由有機物構成之抗反射劑(日本特表2005-509913號公報、日本特表2005-512309號公報、日本特表2007-520737號公報等)。但是若於如上述含矽之光阻下層膜形成用組成物中添加由有機物構成之抗反射劑,通常會有對於光阻圖案之密合性惡化、或蝕刻速率變化,作為乾蝕刻遮罩之性能劣化的問題。
本發明有鑑於上述情事,目的為提供一種紫外線吸收劑,藉由添加到光阻下層膜形成用組成物,尤其於利用紫外線雷射之微影處理中,能比起使用習知之含矽之光阻下層膜時能更抑制反射且改善圖案形狀,另一方面,不影響對於光阻圖案之密合性、乾蝕刻遮罩性能。 (解決課題之方式)
為了解決上述課題,本發明提供包含下列通式(A-1)表示之化合物之紫外線吸收劑。 【化1】(式中,R表示甲基、乙基、丙基、及烯丙基中之任一者,R1
、R2
、R3
、R4
可各相同也可不同,表示氫原子、苯甲醯基、甲苯甲醯基、萘甲醯基、及鄰胺苯甲醯基(anthranoyl)中之任一者。惟R1
與R2
不同時為氫原子、R3
與R4
也不同時為氫原子。又,R1
與R2
為氫原子與苯甲醯基時,R3
與R4
不為氫原子與苯甲醯基,R1
與R2
為氫原子與甲苯甲醯基時,R3
與R4
不為氫原子與甲苯甲醯基。)
若為如此之紫外線吸收劑,藉由添加到光阻下層膜形成用組成物,尤其於利用ArF雷射、KrF雷射等紫外線雷射所為之微影處理,會吸收紫外線而抑制反射,改善圖案形狀,另一方面,係成為不影響對於其上形成之光阻圖案之密合性、乾蝕刻遮罩性能之紫外線吸收劑。
此時前述通式(A-1)中之R1
、R2
、R3
、R4
中之3者以上宜為苯甲醯基、甲苯甲醯基、萘甲醯基、及鄰胺苯甲醯基中之任一者較佳。
又,本發明提供含有上述紫外線吸收劑及聚矽氧烷之光阻下層膜形成用組成物。
若為如此之光阻下層膜形成用組成物,尤其ArF雷射、KrF雷射等紫外線雷射所為之微影處理之反射可被抑制,和光阻下層膜上形成之光阻圖案間的密合性良好,能形成在光阻下層膜之上層光阻上層膜與下層例如有機下層膜之間有良好之乾蝕刻選擇性之光阻下層膜。
此時前述聚矽氧烷宜含有下列通式(B-1)表示之化合物、其水解物、其縮合物、其水解縮合物中之1種以上較佳。 R1B B1
R2B B2
R3B B3
Si(OR0B
)(4-B1-B2-B3)
(B-1) (式中,R0B
為碳數1~6之烴基,R1B
、R2B
、R3B
為氫原子或1價之有機基。又,B1、B2、B3為0或1,0≦B1+B2+B3≦3。)
若為如此之含聚矽氧烷之光阻下層膜形成用組成物,上述密合性及乾蝕刻選擇性更優異。
又,本發明提供一種圖案形成方法,係於被加工體上使用塗佈型有機下層膜材料形成有機下層膜,於該有機下層膜之上使用上述光阻下層膜形成用組成物形成光阻下層膜,在該光阻下層膜上形成光阻上層膜、在該光阻上層膜形成光阻圖案,將該光阻圖案作為遮罩而於前述光阻下層膜利用乾蝕刻轉印圖案,將該已轉印圖案之光阻下層膜作為遮罩而而於前述有機下層膜利用乾蝕刻轉印圖案,再將該轉印有圖案之有機下層膜作為遮罩而於前述被加工體利用乾蝕刻轉印圖案。
如上,若為使用本發明之光阻下層膜形成用組成物之利用3層光阻法實施之圖案形成方法,能於基板以高精度形成微細圖案。
此時,作為前述被加工體,宜使用半導體裝置基板、或於該半導體裝置基板已形成金屬膜、金屬碳化膜、金屬氧化膜、金屬氮化膜、金屬氧化碳化膜、及金屬氧化氮化膜中之任一種膜者較佳。
又,此時構成前述被加工體之金屬宜包括矽、鈦、鎢、鉿、鋯、鉻、鍺、銅、銀、金、鋁、銦、鎵、砷、鈀、鐵、鉭、銥、鉬、或該等之合金較佳。
如上,本發明之圖案形成方法中,可將如上述被加工體加工而形成圖案。 (發明之效果)
如上,若為本發明之紫外線吸收劑,例如藉由添加到含聚矽氧烷之光阻下層膜形成用組成物,尤其於利用ArF雷射、KrF雷射等紫外線雷射實施之微影處理能夠吸收紫外線而抑制反射,能夠形成對於形成於其上之光阻圖案呈現良好密合性且對於形成在上部之光阻圖案及形成在下部之例如有機下層膜兩者顯示高蝕刻選擇性之光阻下層膜。所以,當使用蝕刻處理將形成之光阻圖案按順序轉印在光阻下層膜、有機下層膜時,能以良好圖案形狀轉印圖案。藉此,最終能將於上層光阻形成之圖案以高精度轉印到基板。
如上述,須要開發紫外線吸收劑,其藉由添加到光阻下層膜形成用組成物,尤其是於利用ArF雷射、KrF雷射等紫外線雷射實施之微影處理,能比起使用習知之含矽之光阻下層膜時更抑制反射,且能改善圖案形狀,另一方面不影響對於光阻圖案之密合性、乾蝕刻遮罩性能。
本案發明人等針對上述課題努力研究,結果發現:藉由將本發明之紫外線吸收劑添加到光阻下層膜形成用組成物能達成上述課題,乃完成本發明。
亦即本發明係一種紫外線吸收劑,包括下列通式(A-1)表示之化合物。 【化2】(式中,R表示甲基、乙基、丙基、及烯丙基中之任一者,R1
、R2
、R3
、R4
彼此可相同也可不同,表示氫原子、苯甲醯基、甲苯甲醯基、萘甲醯基、及鄰胺苯甲醯基中之任一者。惟R1
與R2
不同時為氫原子,R3
與R4
也不同時為氫原子。又,R1
與R2
為氫原子與苯甲醯基時,R3
與R4
不為氫原子與苯甲醯基,R1
與R2
為氫原子與甲苯甲醯基時,R3
與R4
不為氫原子與甲苯甲醯基。)
以下針對本發明詳細説明,但本發明不限於此等。 又,本說明書中,Me表示甲基、Et表示乙基。
<紫外線吸收劑> 本發明之紫外線吸收劑包含上述通式(A-1)表示之化合物。上述通式(A-1)中之R1
~R4
之苯甲醯基、甲苯甲醯基、萘甲醯基、及鄰胺苯甲醯基係吸收紫外線之基團(以下也稱為紫外線吸收基),考量吸收波長之關係,ArF(193nm)曝光用途,宜使用含有苯甲醯基或甲苯甲醯基者較理想,KrF(248nm)曝光用途,宜使用含有萘甲醯基或鄰胺苯甲醯基者為較佳。
又,通式(A-1)中之R1
、R2
、R3
、R4
中之3者以上為苯甲醯基、甲苯甲醯基、萘甲醯基、及鄰胺苯甲醯基中之任一者較佳。
上述通式(A-1)表示之化合物具體而言可列舉以下之化合物。 【化3】
【化4】
【化5】
【化6】
作為獲得上述通式(A-1)表示之化合物之方法不特別限定,例如利用下列反應式表示之環氧化合物(A-0)與羧酸化合物(R5
-COOH)之加成反應獲得通式(A-1)表示之化合物之方法。 【化7】(式中,R、R1
、R2
、R3
、及R4
同上述,R5
為苯基、甲苯基、萘基、及蒽基中之任一者。)
環氧化合物(A-0)可列舉下列之(A-0-1)~(A-0-4),該等化合物之中,考量原料獲得之容易性,(A-0-1)及(A-0-4)為較佳。 【化8】
R5
-COOH表示之羧酸化合物可以列舉苯甲酸、1-甲苯甲酸、2-甲苯甲酸、3-甲苯甲酸、1-萘羧酸、2-萘羧酸、2-蒽羧酸、9-蒽羧酸等,該等化合物可單獨使用或組合使用2種以上。 又,如上述,由於吸收波長之關係,合成ArF(193nm)曝光用之化合物(紫外線吸收劑)時,為了附加苯甲醯基、甲苯甲醯基宜使用苯甲酸、甲苯甲酸較理想,合成KrF(248nm)曝光用之化合物(紫外線吸收劑)時,為了附加萘甲醯基、鄰胺苯甲醯基,宜使用萘羧酸、蒽羧酸較佳。
上述反應之羧酸化合物之摻合量,相對於環氧化合物中之環氧基1莫耳宜為羧酸化合物成為0.3~2.0莫耳之量較理想,更佳為成為0.5~1.5莫耳之量,又更佳為成為0.75~1.25莫耳之量。 若相對於環氧基1莫耳,羧酸化合物為0.3莫耳以上,可防止未反應之環氧基殘存造成每單位重量之紫外線吸收基量減少導致抗反射機能受損。又,若相對於環氧基1莫耳,羧酸化合物為2.0莫耳以下,可防止未反應之羧酸化合物殘存導致發生散逸氣體。
又,為了改善溶劑溶解性、和改善後述聚矽氧烷之相溶性,也可使用其他單羧酸化合物。如此之單羧酸化合物可列舉甲酸、乙酸、丙酸、棕櫚酸、硬脂酸等脂肪族羧酸、環己烷羧酸、降莰烯羧酸等脂環族羧酸等。該等單羧酸化合物之摻合量相對於全體羧酸化合物摻合量為0.1~50莫耳%較理想,更佳為1~30莫耳%。若為如此的摻合量,不會損害紫外線吸收能力、蝕刻耐性。
上述通式(A-1)表示之化合物,可藉由使用如上述原料,通常於無溶劑或溶劑中於反應觸媒存在下、室溫或視需要冷卻或加熱下使環氧化合物與羧酸化合物反應而得。
反應使用之溶劑可列舉:甲醇、乙醇、異丙醇、丁醇、乙二醇、丙二醇、二乙二醇、甘油、甲基賽珞蘇、乙基賽珞蘇、丁基賽珞蘇、丙二醇單甲醚等醇類;二乙醚、二丁醚、二乙二醇二乙醚、二乙二醇二甲醚、四氫呋喃、1,4-二烷等醚類;二氯甲烷、氯仿、二氯乙烷、三氯乙烯等氯系溶劑類;己烷、庚烷、苯、甲苯、二甲苯、異丙苯等烴類;乙腈等腈類;丙酮、乙基甲酮、異丁基甲酮等酮類;乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯、丙二醇甲醚乙酸酯等酯類;γ-丁內酯等內酯類;二甲基亞碸、N,N-二甲基甲醯胺、六甲基磷酸三胺等非質子性極性溶劑類等,此等可以單獨使用或混用2種以上。 該等溶劑宜於相對於反應原料100質量份為0~2,000質量份之範圍使用較佳。
反應觸媒可列舉:苄基三乙基氯化銨、苄基三乙基溴化銨、苄基三甲基氯化銨、四甲基氯化銨、四甲基溴化銨、四甲基碘化銨、四甲基氫氧化銨、四乙基溴化銨、四丁基氯化銨、四丁基溴化銨、四丁基碘化銨、四丁基氫硫酸銨、三辛基甲基氯化銨、三丁基苄基氯化銨、三甲基苄基氫氧化銨、N-月桂基氯化吡啶、N-月桂基4-氯化甲吡啶、N-月桂基氯化甲吡啶、三甲基苯基溴化銨、N-苄基氯化甲吡啶等4級銨鹽類;四丁基氯化鏻、四丁基溴化鏻、四苯基戊化鏻等4級鏻鹽;參[2-(2-甲氧基乙氧基)乙基]胺、參(3,6-二氧雜庚基)胺、參(3,6-二氧雜辛基)胺等3級胺類等。 反應觸媒之使用量宜相對於反應原料為0.001~100質量%,較佳為0.005~50質量%之範圍。
反應溫度宜從-50℃至溶劑之沸點附近較理想,從室溫至150℃更理想。 反應時間宜為0.1~100小時較佳。
反應方法有:一次加入環氧化合物、羧酸化合物、觸媒之方法;使環氧化合物與羧酸化合物分散或溶解後,將觸媒一次添加或以溶劑稀釋再滴加之方法;或使觸媒分散或溶解後,將環氧化合物與羧酸化合物一次添加或以溶劑稀釋再滴加之方法。反應結束後可直接作為紫外線吸收劑使用,但也可以為了去除系內存在之未反應之原料、觸媒等,而以有機溶劑稀釋後實施分液洗滌並進行回收。
此時使用之有機溶劑,只要是能溶解通式(A-1)表示之化合物且若和水混合則會分成2層者即可,無特殊限制,例如己烷、庚烷、苯、甲苯、二甲苯等烴類;乙酸乙酯、乙酸正丁酯、丙二醇甲醚乙酸酯等酯類;甲乙酮、甲基戊酮、環己酮、甲基異丁酮等酮類;二乙醚、二異丙醚、甲基-第三丁醚、乙基環戊基甲醚等醚類;二氯化甲烷、氯仿、二氯乙烷、三氯乙烯等氯系溶劑類;及該等之混合物等。 又,此時使用之洗滌水可使用通常稱為去離子水、超純水者。 洗滌次數只要是1次以上即可,即使洗滌10次以上仍無相應洗滌次數的效果,故較佳為約1~5次。
又,分液洗滌時,為了將未反應之羧酸化合物或酸性成分除去,也可以用鹼性水溶液洗滌。此時使用之鹼性水溶液所含之鹼可列舉:鹼金屬之氫氧化物、鹼金屬之碳酸鹽、鹼土類金屬之氫氧化物、鹼土類金屬之碳酸鹽、氨、及有機銨等。
又,除分液洗滌時為了去系內之金屬雜質或鹼性成分,也可以用酸性水溶液洗滌。此時使用之酸性水溶液含有之酸可列舉鹽酸、氫溴酸、硫酸、硝酸、磷酸、雜多酸等無機酸類、草酸、三氟乙酸、甲磺酸、苯磺酸、對甲苯磺酸、三氟甲磺酸等有機酸類等。
利用鹼性水溶液、酸性水溶液所為之分液水洗可只實施其中任一者,也可組合進行。分液水洗按照鹼性水溶液、酸性水溶液依序進行的話,從去除金屬雜質之觀點為較理想。
上述利用鹼性水溶液、酸性水溶液所為之分液水洗後,也可接著以中性水洗滌。中性水可使用上述去離子水、超純水等。洗滌次數為1次以上即可,為了充分去除鹼性成分、酸性成分,宜進行多次,但即使洗滌10次以上仍不會獲得和洗滌次數相應之效果,故較佳為約1~5次。
又,分液操作後之反應產物可於減壓或常壓實施使溶劑濃縮乾固或晶析操作而以粉體形式回收,但為了改善製備光阻下層膜形成用組成物時之操作性,可事先製成適當濃度之溶液狀態。 此時之濃度為0.1~50質量%較理想,又更佳為0.5~30質量%。若為如此的濃度,不會出現濃度過高、黏度變高且有損操作性、或濃度過低而溶劑之量過大而不經濟的情形。
此時使用之最終溶劑只要是能溶解通式(A-1)表示之化合物者即可,無特殊限制,若舉具體例,可列舉:環己酮、甲基-2-戊酮等酮類;3-甲氧基丁醇、3-甲基-3-甲氧基丁醇、1-甲氧基-2-丙醇、1-乙氧基-2-丙醇等醇類;丙二醇單甲醚、乙二醇單甲醚、丙二醇單乙醚、乙二醇單乙醚、丙二醇二甲醚、二乙二醇二甲醚等醚類;丙二醇單甲醚乙酸酯、丙二醇單乙醚乙酸酯、乳酸乙酯、丙酮酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯、3-甲氧基丙酸甲酯、3-乙氧基丙酸乙酯、乙酸第三丁酯、丙酸第三丁酯、丙二醇單第三丁醚乙酸酯等酯類等,此等可以單獨使用或混用2種以上。
又,如上述,藉由使通式(A-1)表示之化合物中之紫外線吸收基(苯甲醯基、甲苯甲醯基、萘甲醯基、鄰胺苯甲醯基)之數目增加,能改善紫外線吸收效率。 使紫外線吸收基之數目增加之方法,可列舉如例如下列反應式,使用醯基化劑將化合物中之羥基予以醯基化之方法。 【化9】(R、R1
、R2
、R3
、R4
同上述,R11
、R12
、R13
、R14
彼此可相同也可不同,表示氫原子、苯甲醯基、甲苯甲醯基、萘甲醯基、及鄰胺苯甲醯基中之任一者。惟R11
、R12
、R13
、R14
中之3者以上為苯甲醯基、甲苯甲醯基、萘甲醯基、及鄰胺苯甲醯基中之任一者。)
醯基化反應可利用公知方法實施。此時使用之醯基化劑宜為苯甲酸、1-甲苯甲酸、2-甲苯甲酸、3-甲苯甲酸、1-萘羧酸、2-萘羧酸、2-蒽羧酸、9-蒽羧酸等所對應之醯氯或酸酐為較佳。
使用醯氯時,可於無溶劑或二氯化甲烷、乙腈、甲苯、己烷等溶劑中,將成為反應材料之化合物和醯氯及三乙胺、吡啶、4-二甲胺基吡啶等鹼按順序或同時添加,並視需要冷卻或加熱等而進行反應。 又,使用酸酐時,可於甲苯等溶劑中,將成為反應材料之化合物與酸酐、以及三乙胺、吡啶、4-二甲胺基吡啶等鹼按順序或同時添加,並視需要冷卻或加熱等而進行反應。 可將獲得之反應產物施以水洗等精製操作,以粉體或溶液形式回收。此時使用之最終溶劑可列舉和上述最終的溶劑列舉的溶劑相同者。又,此時之濃度為0.1~50質量%較理想,又更佳為0.5~30質量%。
若為含有如此之通式(A-1)表示之化合物之紫外線吸收劑,藉由添加到光阻下層膜形成用組成物,尤其能在利用ArF雷射、KrF雷射等紫外線雷射實施微影處理時吸收紫外線並抑制反射,能改善圖案形狀,另一方面,不影響對於其上形成之光阻圖案之密合性、乾蝕刻遮罩性能。
<光阻下層膜形成用組成物> 本發明提供含有上述本發明之紫外線吸收劑及聚矽氧烷之光阻下層膜形成用組成物。
又,本發明之光阻下層膜形成用組成物中,可單獨使用1種或組合使用2種以上之上述本發明之紫外線吸收劑。 紫外線吸收劑之添加量相對於基礎聚合物(例如:後述聚矽氧烷)100質量份較佳為0.01~50質量份,更佳為0.1~40質量份。
[聚矽氧烷] 本發明之光阻下層膜形成用組成物含有之聚矽氧烷,宜含有下列通式(B-1)表示之化合物、其水解物、其縮合物、其水解縮合物中之1種以上。 R1B B1
R2B B2
R3B B3
Si(OR0B
)(4-B1-B2-B3)
(B-1) (式中,R0B
為碳數1~6之烴基,R1B
、R2B
、R3B
為氫原子或1價之有機基。又,B1、B2、B3為0或1,0≦B1+B2+B3≦3。)
作為聚矽氧烷之原料(出發物質)使用之通式(B-1)表示之水解性矽化合物(烷氧基矽烷)可列舉如下。 四烷氧基矽烷可列舉四甲氧基矽烷、四乙氧基矽烷、四丙氧基矽烷、四異丙氧基矽烷等。
三烷氧基矽烷可以列舉:三甲氧基矽烷、三乙氧基矽烷、三丙氧基矽烷、三異丙氧基矽烷、甲基三甲氧基矽烷、甲基三乙氧基矽烷、甲基三丙氧基矽烷、甲基三異丙氧基矽烷、乙基三甲氧基矽烷、乙基三乙氧基矽烷、乙基三丙氧基矽烷、乙基三異丙氧基矽烷、乙烯基三甲氧基矽烷、乙烯基三乙氧基矽烷、乙烯基三丙氧基矽烷、乙烯基三異丙氧基矽烷、丙基三甲氧基矽烷、丙基三乙氧基矽烷、丙基三丙氧基矽烷、丙基三異丙氧基矽烷、異丙基三甲氧基矽烷、異丙基三乙氧基矽烷、異丙基三丙氧基矽烷、異丙基三異丙氧基矽烷、丁基三甲氧基矽烷、丁基三乙氧基矽烷、丁基三丙氧基矽烷、丁基三異丙氧基矽烷、第二丁基三甲氧基矽烷、第二丁基三乙氧基矽烷、第二丁基三丙氧基矽烷、第二丁基三異丙氧基矽烷、第三丁基三甲氧基矽烷、第三丁基三乙氧基矽烷、第三丁基三丙氧基矽烷、第三丁基三異丙氧基矽烷、環丙基三甲氧基矽烷、環丙基三乙氧基矽烷、環丙基三丙氧基矽烷、環丙基三異丙氧基矽烷、環丁基三甲氧基矽烷、環丁基三乙氧基矽烷、環丁基三丙氧基矽烷、環丁基三異丙氧基矽烷、環戊基三甲氧基矽烷、環戊基三乙氧基矽烷、環戊基三丙氧基矽烷、環戊基三異丙氧基矽烷、環己基三甲氧基矽烷、環己基三乙氧基矽烷、環己基三丙氧基矽烷、環己基三異丙氧基矽烷、環己烯基三甲氧基矽烷、環己烯基三乙氧基矽烷、環己烯基三丙氧基矽烷、環己烯基三異丙氧基矽烷、環己烯基乙基三甲氧基矽烷、環己烯基乙基三乙氧基矽烷、環己烯基乙基三丙氧基矽烷、環己烯基乙基三異丙氧基矽烷、環辛基三甲氧基矽烷、環辛基三乙氧基矽烷、環辛基三丙氧基矽烷、環辛基三異丙氧基矽烷、環戊二烯基丙基三甲氧基矽烷、環戊二烯基丙基三乙氧基矽烷、環戊二烯基丙基三丙氧基矽烷、環戊二烯基丙基三異丙氧基矽烷、雙環庚烯基三甲氧基矽烷、雙環庚烯基三乙氧基矽烷、雙環庚烯基三丙氧基矽烷、雙環庚烯基三異丙氧基矽烷、雙環庚基三甲氧基矽烷、雙環庚基三乙氧基矽烷、雙環庚基三丙氧基矽烷、雙環庚基三異丙氧基矽烷、金剛烷基三甲氧基矽烷、金剛烷基三乙氧基矽烷、金剛烷基三丙氧基矽烷、金剛烷基三異丙氧基矽烷、苯基三甲氧基矽烷、苯基三乙氧基矽烷、苯基三丙氧基矽烷、苯基三異丙氧基矽烷、苄基三甲氧基矽烷、苄基三乙氧基矽烷、苄基三丙氧基矽烷、苄基三異丙氧基矽烷、甲苯基三甲氧基矽烷、甲苯基三乙氧基矽烷、甲苯基三丙氧基矽烷、甲苯基三異丙氧基矽烷、茴香基三甲氧基矽烷、茴香基三乙氧基矽烷、茴香基三丙氧基矽烷、茴香基三異丙氧基矽烷、苯乙基三甲氧基矽烷、苯乙基三乙氧基矽烷、苯乙基三丙氧基矽烷、苯乙基三異丙氧基矽烷、萘基三甲氧基矽烷、萘基三乙氧基矽烷、萘基三丙氧基矽烷、萘基三異丙氧基矽烷等。
作為二烷氧基矽烷可列舉:二甲基二甲氧基矽烷、二甲基二乙氧基矽烷、甲基乙基二甲氧基矽烷、甲基乙基二乙氧基矽烷、二甲基二丙氧基矽烷、二甲基二異丙氧基矽烷、二乙基二甲氧基矽烷、二乙基二乙氧基矽烷、二乙基二丙氧基矽烷、二乙基二異丙氧基矽烷、二丙基二甲氧基矽烷、二丙基二乙氧基矽烷、二丙基二丙氧基矽烷、二丙基二異丙氧基矽烷、二異丙基二甲氧基矽烷、二異丙基二乙氧基矽烷、二異丙基二丙氧基矽烷、二異丙基二異丙氧基矽烷、二丁基二甲氧基矽烷、二丁基二乙氧基矽烷、二丁基二丙氧基矽烷、二丁基二異丙氧基矽烷、二第二丁基二甲氧基矽烷、二第二丁基二乙氧基矽烷、二第二丁基二丙氧基矽烷、二第二丁基二異丙氧基矽烷、二第三丁基二甲氧基矽烷、二第三丁基二乙氧基矽烷、二第三丁基二丙氧基矽烷、二第三丁基二異丙氧基矽烷、二環丙基二甲氧基矽烷、二環丙基二乙氧基矽烷、二環丙基二丙氧基矽烷、二環丙基二異丙氧基矽烷、二環丁基二甲氧基矽烷、二環丁基二乙氧基矽烷、二環丁基二丙氧基矽烷、二環丁基二異丙氧基矽烷、二環戊基二甲氧基矽烷、二環戊基二乙氧基矽烷、二環戊基二丙氧基矽烷、二環戊基二異丙氧基矽烷、二環己基二甲氧基矽烷、二環己基二乙氧基矽烷、二環己基二丙氧基矽烷、二環己基二異丙氧基矽烷、二環己烯基二甲氧基矽烷、二環己烯基二乙氧基矽烷、二環己烯基二丙氧基矽烷、二環己烯基二異丙氧基矽烷、二環己烯基乙基二甲氧基矽烷、二環己烯基乙基二乙氧基矽烷、二環己烯基乙基二丙氧基矽烷、二環己烯基乙基二異丙氧基矽烷、二環辛基二甲氧基矽烷、二環辛基二乙氧基矽烷、二環辛基二丙氧基矽烷、二環辛基二異丙氧基矽烷、二環戊二烯基丙基二甲氧基矽烷、二環戊二烯基丙基二乙氧基矽烷、二環戊二烯基丙基二丙氧基矽烷、二環戊二烯基丙基二異丙氧基矽烷、雙(雙環庚烯基)二甲氧基矽烷、雙(雙環庚烯基)二乙氧基矽烷、雙(雙環庚烯基)二丙氧基矽烷、雙(雙環庚烯基)二異丙氧基矽烷、雙(雙環庚基)二甲氧基矽烷、雙(雙環庚基)二乙氧基矽烷、雙(雙環庚基)二丙氧基矽烷、雙(雙環庚基)二異丙氧基矽烷、二金剛烷基二甲氧基矽烷、二金剛烷基二乙氧基矽烷、二金剛烷基二丙氧基矽烷、二金剛烷基二異丙氧基矽烷、二苯基二甲氧基矽烷、二苯基二乙氧基矽烷、甲基苯基二甲氧基矽烷、甲基苯基二乙氧基矽烷、二苯基二丙氧基矽烷、二苯基二異丙氧基矽烷等。
作為單烷氧基矽烷可列舉三甲基甲氧基矽烷、三甲基乙氧基矽烷、二甲基乙基甲氧基矽烷、二甲基乙基乙氧基矽烷、二甲基苯基甲氧基矽烷、二甲基苯基乙氧基矽烷、二甲基苄基甲氧基矽烷、二甲基苄基乙氧基矽烷、二甲基苯乙基甲氧基矽烷、二甲基苯乙基乙氧基矽烷等。
此外,作為通式(B-1)表示之化合物可列舉下列結構表示之於矽上含有水解性基者:就OR0B
而言,含有1~3個甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基、丁氧基、戊氧基、環戊氧基、己氧基、環己氧基、苯氧基者。
【化10】
【化11】
【化12】
【化13】
本發明之光阻下層膜形成用組成物含有之聚矽氧烷除了含有上述通式(B-1)表示之化合物以外,也可含有下列通式(B-2)表示之水解性金屬化合物作為原料。 L’(OR4B
)B4
(OR5B
)B5
(O)B6
(B-2) (式中,R4B
及R5B
為氫原子或碳數1~30之有機基,B4+B5+B6係由L’之種類決定之價數,B4、B5、B6為0以上之數,L’為周期表之III族、IV族、或V族之元素且排除碳。)
作為通式(B-2)表示之水解性金屬化合物可列舉如下。 L’為硼時,作為通式(B-2)表示之化合物可列舉:甲氧化硼、乙氧化硼、丙氧化硼、丁氧化硼、戊氧化硼、己氧化硼、環戊氧化硼、環己氧化硼、烯丙氧化硼、苯氧化硼、甲氧基乙氧化硼基、硼酸、氧化硼等。
L’為鋁時,作為通式(B-2)表示之化合物可列舉:甲氧化鋁、乙氧基化鋁、丙氧化鋁、丁氧化鋁、戊氧化鋁、己氧化鋁、環戊氧化鋁、環己氧化鋁、烯丙氧化鋁、苯氧化鋁、甲氧基乙氧化鋁、乙氧基乙氧化鋁、二丙氧基乙基乙醯乙酸鋁、二丁氧基乙基乙醯乙酸鋁、丙氧基雙乙基乙醯乙酸鋁、丁氧基雙乙基乙醯乙酸鋁、2,4-戊二酮酸鋁、2,2,6,6-四甲基-3,5-庚二酮酸鋁等。
L’為鎵時,作為通式(B-2)表示之化合物可列舉甲氧化鎵、乙氧化鎵、丙氧化鎵、丁氧化鎵、戊氧化鎵、己氧化鎵、環戊氧化鎵、環己氧化鎵、烯丙氧化鎵、苯氧化鎵、甲氧基乙氧化鎵、乙氧基乙氧化鎵、二丙氧基乙基乙醯乙酸鎵、二丁氧基乙基乙醯乙酸鎵、丙氧基雙乙基乙醯乙酸鎵、丁氧基雙乙基乙醯乙酸鎵、2,4-戊二酮鎵、2,2,6,6-四甲基-3,5-庚二酮酸鎵等。
L’為釔時,作為通式(B-2)表示之化合物可列舉甲氧化釔、乙氧化釔、丙氧化釔、丁氧化釔、戊氧化釔、己氧化釔、環戊氧化釔、環己氧化釔、烯丙氧化釔、苯氧化釔、甲氧基乙氧化釔、乙氧基乙氧化釔、二丙氧基乙基乙醯乙酸釔、二丁氧基乙基乙醯乙酸釔、丙氧基雙乙基乙醯乙酸釔、丁氧基雙乙基乙醯乙酸釔、2,4-戊二酮酸釔、2,2,6,6-四甲基-3,5-庚二酮酸釔等。
L’為鍺時,作為通式(B-2)表示之化合物可列舉甲氧化鍺、乙氧化鍺、丙氧化鍺、丁氧化鍺、戊氧化鍺、己氧化鍺、環戊氧化鍺、環己氧化鍺、烯丙氧化鍺、苯氧化鍺、甲氧基乙氧化鍺、乙氧基乙氧化鍺等。
L’為鈦時,作為通式(B-2)表示之化合物可列舉甲氧化鈦、乙氧化鈦、丙氧化鈦、丁氧化鈦、戊氧化鈦、己氧化鈦、環戊氧化鈦、環己氧化鈦、烯丙氧化鈦、苯氧化鈦、甲氧基乙氧化鈦、乙氧基乙氧化鈦、二丙氧基雙乙基乙醯乙酸鈦、二丁氧基雙乙基乙醯乙酸鈦、二丙氧基雙2,4-戊二酮酸鈦、二丁氧基雙2,4-戊二酮酸鈦等。
L’為鉿時,作為通式(B-2)表示之化合物可列舉甲氧化鉿、乙氧化鉿、丙氧化鉿、丁氧化鉿、戊氧化鉿、己氧化鉿、環戊氧化鉿、環己氧化鉿、烯丙氧化鉿、苯氧化鉿、甲氧基乙氧化鉿、乙氧基乙氧化鉿、二丙氧基雙乙基乙醯乙酸鉿、二丁氧基雙乙基乙醯乙酸鉿、二丙氧基雙2,4-戊二酮酸鉿、二丁氧基雙2,4-戊二酮酸鉿等。
L’為錫時,作為通式(B-2)表示之化合物可列舉甲氧化錫、乙氧化錫、丙氧化錫、丁氧化錫、苯氧化錫、甲氧基乙氧化錫、乙氧基乙氧化錫、2,4-戊二酮酸錫、2,2,6,6-四甲基-3,5-庚二酮酸錫等。
L’為砷時,作為通式(B-2)表示之化合物可列舉甲氧錫砷、乙氧錫砷、丙氧錫砷、丁氧錫砷、苯氧錫砷等。
L’為銻時,作為通式(B-2)表示之化合物可列舉甲氧化銻、乙氧化銻、丙氧化銻、丁氧化銻、苯氧化銻、乙酸銻、丙酸銻等。
L’為鈮時,作為通式(B-2)表示之化合物可列舉甲氧化鈮、乙氧化鈮、丙氧化鈮、丁氧化鈮、苯氧化鈮等。
L’為鉭時,作為通式(B-2)表示之化合物可列舉甲氧化鉭、乙氧化鉭、丙氧化鉭、丁氧化鉭、苯氧化鉭等。
L’為鉍時,作為通式(B-2)表示之化合物可列舉甲氧化鉍、乙氧化鉍、丙氧化鉍、丁氧化鉍、苯氧化鉍等。
L’為磷時,作為通式(B-2)表示之化合物可列舉:亞磷酸三甲酯、亞磷酸三乙酯、亞磷酸三丙酯、磷酸三甲酯、磷酸三乙酯、磷酸三丙酯、五氧化二磷等。
L’為釩時,作為通式(B-2)表示之化合物可列舉:雙(2、4-戊二酮酸)氧化釩、2、4-戊二酮酸釩、三丁氧基氧化釩、三丙氧基氧化釩等。
L’為鋯時,作為通式(B-2)表示之化合物可列舉:甲氧化鋯、乙氧化鋯、丙氧化鋯、丁氧化鋯、苯氧化鋯、二丁氧基雙(2、4-戊二酮酸)鋯、二丙氧基雙(2,2,6,6-四甲基-3,5-庚二酮酸)鋯等。
可選擇該等化合物中之1種以上,於反應前或反應中混合並製成用以形成聚矽氧烷之反應原料(單體)。
本發明之光阻下層膜形成用組成物使用之聚矽氧烷,可藉由將例如上述通式(B-1)表示之化合物、及視需要之上述通式(B-2)表示之化合物使用選自無機酸、脂肪族磺酸、及芳香族磺酸中之1種以上之化合物作為酸觸媒,進行水解縮合以製造。
此時使用之酸觸媒可列舉氟酸、鹽酸、氫溴酸、硫酸、硝酸、過氯酸、磷酸、甲磺酸、苯磺酸、甲苯磺酸等。觸媒之使用量相對於單體1莫耳通常為10-6
~10莫耳,較佳為10-5
~5莫耳,更佳為10-4
~1莫耳。
該等單體利用水解縮合獲得聚矽氧烷時之水之量,相對於單體鍵合之水解性取代基1莫耳為0.01~100莫耳較理想,更佳為0.05~50莫耳,又更佳為0.1~30莫耳。添加量若為100莫耳以下,反應使用之裝置不會變得過大,為有經濟性的。
操作方法係於觸媒水溶液添加單體後使水解縮合反應開始。此時,可以於觸媒水溶液添加有機溶劑,也可以將單體以有機溶劑稀釋,也可進行兩者。反應溫度為0~100℃較理想,更佳為5~80℃。宜為單體之滴加時保持溫度為5~80℃,之後於20~80℃使其熟成之方法較佳。
能添加到觸媒水溶液、或能稀釋單體之有機溶劑宜為甲醇、乙醇、1-丙醇、2-丙醇、1-丁醇、2-丁醇、2-甲基-1-丙醇、乙二醇、丙二醇、丙酮、乙腈、四氫呋喃、甲苯、己烷、乙酸乙酯、環己酮、甲基戊酮、丁二醇單甲醚、丙二醇單甲醚、乙二醇單甲醚、丁二醇單乙醚、丙二醇單乙醚、乙二醇單乙醚、丁二醇單丙醚、丙二醇單丙醚、乙二醇單丙醚、丙二醇二甲醚、二乙二醇二甲醚、丙二醇單甲醚乙酸酯、丙二醇單乙醚乙酸酯、丙酮酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯、3-甲氧基丙酸甲酯、3-乙氧基丙酸乙酯、乙酸第三丁酯、丙酸第三丁酯、丙二醇單第三丁醚乙酸酯、γ-丁內酯及該等之混合物等為較佳。
該等溶劑之中,理想者為水溶性溶劑。例如:甲醇、乙醇、1-丙醇、2-丙醇等醇類;乙二醇、丙二醇等多元醇;丁二醇單甲醚、丙二醇單甲醚、乙二醇單甲醚、丁二醇單乙醚、丙二醇單乙醚、乙二醇單乙醚、丁二醇單丙醚、丙二醇單丙醚、乙二醇單丙醚等多元醇縮合物衍生物;丙酮、乙腈、四氫呋喃等。其中特別理想者為沸點在100℃以下者。
又,有機溶劑之使用量相對於單體1莫耳為0~1,000mL,尤其0~500mL為較佳。若為如此的使用量,反應容器不會變得過大,為有經濟性的。
之後視需要實施觸媒之中和反應,將水解縮合反應生成之醇予以減壓除去,獲得反應混合物水溶液。此時中和能使用之鹼性物質之量,宜相對於觸媒使用之酸為0.1~2當量為較佳。此鹼性物質只要是在水中呈鹼性者即可,可為任意物質。
然後,宜從反應混合物將水解縮合反應生成之醇等副產物去除較佳。此時將反應混合物加熱之溫度取決於添加之有機溶劑及反應產生之醇等的種類,較佳為0~100℃,更佳為10~90℃,又更佳為15~80℃。又,此時之減壓度取決於待除去之有機溶劑及醇等種類、排氣裝置、冷凝裝置、及加熱溫度而異,較佳為大氣壓以下,更佳為絕對壓力80kPa以下,又更佳為絕對壓力50kPa以下。此時難正確了解被除去之醇量,但宜將生成之醇等的約80質量%以上去除較理想。
然後,也可以從反應混合物將水解縮合使用之酸觸媒除去。去除酸觸媒之方法,係將水與聚矽氧烷混合,並將聚矽氧烷以有機溶劑萃取。此時使用之有機溶劑宜為能溶解聚矽氧烷,且若和水混合會分離成2層者較佳。例如甲醇、乙醇、1-丙醇、2-丙醇、1-丁醇、2-丁醇、2-甲基-1-丙醇、丙酮、四氫呋喃、甲苯、己烷、乙酸乙酯、環己酮、甲基戊酮、丁二醇單甲醚、丙二醇單甲醚、乙二醇單甲醚、丁二醇單乙醚、丙二醇單乙醚、乙二醇單乙醚、丁二醇單丙醚、丙二醇單丙醚、乙二醇單丙醚、丙二醇二甲醚、二乙二醇二甲醚、丙二醇單甲醚乙酸酯、丙二醇單乙醚乙酸酯、丙酮酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯、3-甲氧基丙酸甲基、3-乙氧基丙酸乙酯、乙酸第三丁酯、丙酸第三丁酯、丙二醇單第三丁醚乙酸酯、γ-丁內酯、甲基異丁酮、環戊基甲醚等、及該等之混合物。
又,也可以使用水溶性有機溶劑與水難溶性有機溶劑之混合物。例如甲醇+乙酸乙酯、乙醇+乙酸乙酯、1-丙醇+乙酸乙酯、2-丙醇+乙酸乙酯、丁二醇單甲醚+乙酸乙酯、丙二醇單甲醚+乙酸乙酯、乙二醇單甲醚+乙酸乙酯、丁二醇單乙醚+乙酸乙酯、丙二醇單乙醚+乙酸乙酯、乙二醇單乙醚+乙酸乙酯、丁二醇單丙醚+乙酸乙酯、丙二醇單丙醚+乙酸乙酯、乙二醇單丙醚+乙酸乙酯、甲醇+甲基異丁酮、乙醇+甲基異丁酮、1-丙醇+甲基異丁酮、2-丙醇+甲基異丁酮、丙二醇單甲醚+甲基異丁酮、乙二醇單甲醚+甲基異丁酮、丙二醇單乙醚+甲基異丁酮、乙二醇單乙醚+甲基異丁酮、丙二醇單丙醚+甲基異丁酮、乙二醇單丙醚+甲基異丁酮、甲醇+環戊基甲醚、乙醇+環戊基甲醚、1-丙醇+環戊基甲醚、2-丙醇+環戊基甲醚、丙二醇單甲醚+環戊基甲醚、乙二醇單甲醚+環戊基甲醚、丙二醇單乙醚+環戊基甲醚、乙二醇單乙醚+環戊基甲醚、丙二醇單丙醚+環戊基甲醚、乙二醇單丙醚+環戊基甲醚、甲醇+丙二醇甲醚乙酸酯、乙醇+丙二醇甲醚乙酸酯、1-丙醇+丙二醇甲醚乙酸酯、2-丙醇+丙二醇甲醚乙酸酯、丙二醇單甲醚+丙二醇甲醚乙酸酯、乙二醇單甲醚+丙二醇甲醚乙酸酯、丙二醇單乙醚+丙二醇甲醚乙酸酯、乙二醇單乙醚+丙二醇甲醚乙酸酯、丙二醇單丙醚+丙二醇甲醚乙酸酯、乙二醇單丙醚+丙二醇甲醚乙酸酯等之組合為較佳,但組合不限定於此等。
又,水溶性有機溶劑與水難溶性有機溶劑之混合比例可適當選定,相對於水難溶性有機溶劑100質量份,水溶性有機溶劑0.1~1,000質量份較理想,更佳為1~500質量份,又更佳為2~100質量份。
然後也可以用中性水洗滌。此水可使用通常稱為去離子水、超純水者。此水之量宜相對於聚矽氧烷溶液1L為0.01~100L較理想,更佳為0.05~50L,又更佳為0.1~5L。洗滌方法可為兩者放入同一容器並攪動後靜置,然後將水層分離。洗滌次數只要是1次以上即可,即使洗滌10次以上仍無法獲得相應洗滌次數效果,故較佳為約1~5次。 其他去除酸觸媒之方法可列舉利用離子交換樹脂之方法、以環氧乙烷、環氧丙烷等環氧化合物中和之後去除之方法。該等方法可以配合反應使用之酸觸媒而適當選擇。
由於此時之水洗操作,有一部分的聚矽氧烷進入水層,有時實質上獲得和分級操作同等之效果,故水洗次數、洗滌水之量可考慮觸媒除去效果及分級效果而適當選擇。
有酸觸媒殘留之聚矽氧烷溶液及已去除酸觸媒之聚矽氧烷溶液均可藉由添加最終溶劑並於減壓進行溶劑交換而獲得聚矽氧烷溶液。此時溶劑交換之溫度取決於待除去之反應溶劑、萃取溶劑之種類,較佳為0~100℃,更佳為10~90℃,又更佳為15~80℃。又,此時之減壓度取決於待除去之萃取溶劑之種類、排氣裝置、冷凝裝置、及加熱溫度而異,較佳為於大氣壓以下,更佳為絕對壓力80kPa以下,又更佳為絕對壓力50kPa以下。
此時有時因為改變溶劑會造成聚矽氧烷變得不安定。此現象是因為最終溶劑與聚矽氧烷之相容性而造成,為了防止此現象,可以添加具有後述環狀醚作為取代基之1元或2元以上之醇作為安定劑。加入量宜相對於溶劑交換前之溶液中之聚矽氧烷100質量份為0~25質量份,更佳為0~15質量份,又更佳為0~5質量份,添加時為0.5質量份以上較佳。溶劑交換前之溶液中,可視需要添加安定劑而進行溶劑交換操作。
又,聚矽氧烷溶液宜為0.1~20質量%之濃度較佳。藉由為如此的濃度,不會發生聚矽氧烷之縮合反應且變成對於有機溶劑無法再溶解之狀態。又,藉由如此的濃度,溶劑之量為適量,故有經濟性。
添加到聚矽氧烷溶液之理想的最終溶劑為醇系溶劑,尤其理想者為乙二醇、二乙二醇、三乙二醇、丙二醇、二丙二醇、丁二醇等單烷醚衍生物。具體而言,丁二醇單甲醚、丙二醇單甲醚、乙二醇單甲醚、丁二醇單乙醚、丙二醇單乙醚、乙二醇單乙醚、丁二醇單丙醚、丙二醇單丙醚、乙二醇單丙醚等為較佳。
該等溶劑若為主成分,可添加非醇系溶劑作為輔助溶劑。此輔助溶劑可列舉丙酮、四氫呋喃、甲苯、己烷、乙酸乙酯、環己酮、甲基戊酮、丙二醇二甲醚、二乙二醇二甲醚、丙二醇單甲醚乙酸酯、丙二醇單乙醚乙酸酯、丙酮酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯、3-甲氧基丙酸甲酯、3-乙氧基丙酸乙酯、乙酸第三丁酯、丙酸第三丁酯、丙二醇單第三丁醚乙酸酯、γ-丁內酯、甲基異丁酮、環戊基甲醚等。
又,作為其他反應操作,係於單體或單體之有機溶液添加水或含水有機溶劑並使水解反應開始。此時觸媒可添加到單體或單體之有機溶液,也可添加到水或含水有機溶劑。反應溫度為0~100℃,較佳為10~80℃。宜為水滴加時加熱到10~50℃,之後升溫到20~80℃並使其熟成之方法較佳。
使用有機溶劑時,宜為水溶性者較理想,可列舉:甲醇、乙醇、1-丙醇、2-丙醇、1-丁醇、2-丁醇、2-甲基-1-丙醇等醇類;丁二醇單甲醚、丙二醇單甲醚、乙二醇單甲醚、丁二醇單乙醚、丙二醇單乙醚、乙二醇單乙醚、丁二醇單丙醚、丙二醇單丙醚、乙二醇單丙醚、丙二醇二甲醚、二乙二醇二甲醚、丙二醇單甲醚乙酸酯、丙二醇單乙醚乙酸酯、丙二醇單丙醚等多元醇縮合物衍生物;丙酮、四氫呋喃、乙腈等及該等之混合物等。
有機溶劑之使用量可以和上述量相同。可對於獲得之反應混合物以和上述為同樣方法實施後處理,獲得聚矽氧烷。
又,本發明之光阻下層膜形成用組成物使用之聚矽氧烷,也可藉由將例如上述通式(B-1)表示之化合物、及視需要的上述通式(B-2)表示之化合物於鹼觸媒存在下實施水解縮合以製造。
此時使用之鹼觸媒可列舉:甲胺、乙胺、丙胺、丁胺、乙二胺、六亞甲基二胺、二甲胺、二乙胺、乙基甲胺、三甲胺、三乙胺、三丙胺、三丁胺、環己胺、二環己胺、單乙醇胺、二乙醇胺、二甲基單乙醇胺、單甲基二乙醇胺、三乙醇胺、二氮雜雙環辛烷、二氮雜雙環環壬烯、二氮雜雙環十一烯、六亞甲基四胺、苯胺、N,N-二甲基苯胺、吡啶、N,N-二甲胺基吡啶、吡咯、哌、吡咯啶、哌啶、甲基吡啶、四甲基氫氧化銨、氫氧化膽鹼、四丙基氫氧化銨、四丁基氫氧化銨、氨、氫氧化鋰、氫氧化鈉、氫氧化鉀、氫氧化鋇、氫氧化鈣等。觸媒之使用量相對於單體1莫耳,通常為10-6
莫耳~10莫耳,較佳為10-5
莫耳~5莫耳,更佳為10-4
莫耳~1莫耳。
該等單體利用水解縮合獲得聚矽氧烷時之水之量,宜相對於鍵結於單體之水解性取代基每1莫耳添加0.1~50莫耳較佳。添加量為50莫耳以下的話,反應使用之裝置不會變得過大,為有經濟性的。
操作方法係於觸媒水溶液添加單體而使水解縮合反應開始。此時可於觸媒水溶液添加有機溶劑,也可將單體以有機溶劑稀釋,也可實施兩者。反應溫度宜為0~100℃較理想,更佳為5~80℃。宜於單體滴加時保持溫度為5~80℃,之後於20~80℃使其熟成之方法較佳。
能添加到鹼觸媒水溶液、或能將單體稀釋之有機溶劑可列舉和就能添加到酸觸媒水溶液時例舉之有機溶劑為同樣者較理想。又,有機溶劑之使用量相對於單體1莫耳為0~1,000mL,尤其0~500mL為較佳。若為如此之使用量,反應容器不會變得過大,為有經濟性的。
之後可視需要實施觸媒之中和反應,將於水解縮合反應生成之醇予以減壓除去,獲得反應混合物水溶液。此時中和能使用之酸性物質之量,宜相對於觸媒使用之鹼性物質為0.1~2當量為較佳。此酸性物質只要是在水中呈酸性者即可,可以為任意物質。
然後,宜從反應混合物將水解縮合反應生成之醇等副產物去除較佳。此時將反應混合物加熱之溫度及減壓度,可為和使用酸觸媒時相同。
然後,也可從反應混合物將水解縮合使用之鹼觸媒除去。去除鹼觸媒之方法係將水與聚矽氧烷混合,並將聚矽氧烷以有機溶劑萃取。此時使用之有機溶劑可使用和就去除酸觸媒時使用者所具體例示之上述有機溶劑為同樣者。
又,也可使用水溶性有機溶劑與水難溶性有機溶劑之混合物。作為此時使用之水溶性有機溶劑與水難溶性有機溶劑之混合物,可列舉和就去除酸觸媒時使用者所具體例示之上述混合物為同樣者。 又,水溶性有機溶劑與水難溶性有機溶劑之混合比例,可以為和去除酸觸媒時使用者為同樣者。
然後可以用中性水洗滌。此水可使用通常稱為去離子水、超純水者。此時之水量、洗滌方法、洗滌次數可以和使用酸觸媒時相同。 由於此時之水洗操作,有一部分的聚矽氧烷進入水層,有時實質上獲得和分級操作同等之效果,故水洗次數、洗滌水之量可考慮觸媒除去效果及分級效果而適當選擇。
有鹼觸媒殘留之聚矽氧烷溶液及已去除鹼觸媒之聚矽氧烷溶液均可藉由添加最終溶劑並於減壓進行溶劑交換而獲得聚矽氧烷溶液。此時溶劑交換之溫度、減壓度、及最終的聚矽氧烷溶液之濃度可以和使用酸觸媒時為相同。 又,添加到聚矽氧烷溶液之最終溶劑也可使用和使用酸觸媒時為同樣者。 又,也可以和使用酸觸媒時同樣添加安定劑。
又,就其他反應操作,於單體或單體之有機溶液添加水或含水有機溶劑並使水解反應開始。此時觸媒可添加到單體或單體之有機溶液也可添加到水或含水有機溶劑。反應溫度為0~100℃,較佳為10~80℃。宜為水滴加時加熱到10~50℃,之後使其升溫到20~80℃並熟成之方法為較佳。 又,使用有機溶劑時,可使用和使用酸觸媒時為相同者。
獲得之聚矽氧烷之分子量不只可利用單體選擇而調整,也可利用聚合時之反應條件控制以調整,宜使用重量平均分子量為100,000以下,更佳為200~50,000,更佳為300~30,000者。重量平均分子量若為100,000以下,無產生異物、塗佈斑之虞。 又,上述關於重量平均分子量之數據,係使用RI作為檢測器、使用四氫呋喃作為溶離溶劑,利用凝膠滲透層析(GPC),並使用聚苯乙烯作為標準物質,以聚苯乙烯換算表達分子量。
[其他添加成分] 本發明之光阻下層膜形成用組成物中,為了使安定性改善,宜添加碳數為1~30之1元或2元以上之有機酸。作為如此之有機酸,可列舉:甲酸、乙酸、丙酸、丁酸、戊酸、己酸、庚酸、辛酸、壬酸、癸酸、油酸、硬脂酸、亞油酸、亞油烯酸、苯甲酸、鄰苯二甲酸、間苯二甲酸、對苯二甲酸、水楊酸、三氟乙酸、單氯乙酸、二氯乙酸、三氯乙酸、草酸、丙二酸、甲基丙二酸、乙基丙二酸、丙基丙二酸、丁基丙二酸、二甲基丙二酸、二乙基丙二酸、琥珀酸、甲基琥珀酸、戊二酸、己二酸、衣康酸、馬來酸、富馬酸、檸康酸、檸檬酸等。尤其草酸、馬來酸、甲酸、乙酸、丙酸、檸檬酸等為較佳。又,為了確保安定性,可將2種以上之酸混用。添加量宜相對於組成物所含之聚矽氧烷100質量份為0.001~25質量份較理想,更佳為0.01~15質量份,又更佳為0.1~5質量份。 或宜摻合上述有機酸,使換算為組成物之pH,較佳為0≦pH≦7,更佳為0.3≦pH≦6.5,又更佳為0.5≦pH≦6較佳。
又,本發明之光阻下層膜形成用組成物中也可添加水。若添加水,聚矽氧烷會水合,故微影性能提高。組成物之溶劑成分之水之含有率較佳為超過0質量%,未達50質量%,更佳為0.3~30質量%,又更佳為0.5~20質量%。 含有水之全部溶劑之使用量,宜相對於基礎聚合物(聚矽氧烷)100質量份為100~100,000質量份較理想,更佳為200~50,000質量份。藉由為如此的添加量,能使微影性能改善,且塗佈膜之均一性不易惡化,能抑制眼孔(eye hole)發生。
又,本發明之光阻下層膜形成用組成物中也可添加光酸產生劑。作為如此之光酸產生劑,具體而言可列舉於日本特開2009-126940號公報之(0160)段落至(0179)段落記載之光酸產生劑。
又,本發明之光阻下層膜形成用組成物中,為了改善組成物之安定性,也可以添加安定劑。作為如此之安定劑,可列舉具有環狀醚作為取代基之1元或2元以上之醇等醚化合物,具體而言可列舉在日本特開2009-126940號公報之(0180)段落至(0184)段落記載之安定劑。
又,本發明之光阻下層膜形成用組成物中,視需要可添加界面活性劑。作為如此之界面活性劑,具體而言可列舉日本特開2009-126940號公報之(0185)段落記載之界面活性劑。
若為如以上説明之本發明之光阻下層膜形成用組成物,尤其在利用ArF雷射、KrF雷射等紫外線雷射實施之微影處理可抑制反射,能形成和光阻下層膜上形成之光阻圖案間之密合性良好,且光阻下層膜之上層光阻上層膜與下層例如有機下層膜之間有良好乾蝕刻選擇性之光阻下層膜。
<圖案形成方法> 本發明提供一種圖案形成方法,係於被加工體上使用塗佈型有機下層膜材料形成有機下層膜,在該有機下層膜之上使用上述本發明之光阻下層膜形成用組成物形成光阻下層膜,在該光阻下層膜上形成光阻上層膜,在該光阻上層膜形成光阻圖案,將該光阻圖案作為遮罩而於前述光阻下層膜利用乾蝕刻轉印圖案,將該已轉印圖案之光阻下層膜作為遮罩而於前述有機下層膜利用乾蝕刻轉印圖案,再將該轉印有圖案之有機下層膜作為遮罩而於前述被加工體利用乾蝕刻轉印圖案。
在此,作為被加工體,可以使用半導體裝置基板、或於該半導體裝置基板已成膜作為被加工層(被加工部分)之金屬膜、金屬碳化膜、金屬氧化膜、金屬氮化膜、金屬氧化碳化膜、及金屬氧化氮化膜中之任一膜者。
半導體基板一般使用矽基板,但不特別限定,也可使用Si、非晶矽(α-Si)、p-Si、SiO2
、SiN、SiON、W、TiN、Al等和被加工層為不同的材質。
作為構成被加工體之金屬,可使用矽、鈦、鎢、鉿、鋯、鉻、鍺、銅、銀、金、鋁、銦、鎵、砷、鈀、鐵、鉭、銥、鉬、或該等之合金,含有如此金屬之被加工層,例如:Si、SiO2
、SiN、SiON、SiOC、p-Si、α-Si、TiN、BPSG、SOG、Cr、CrO、CrON、MoSi、W、W-Si、Al、Cu、Al-Si等及各種低介電膜及其蝕刻阻擋膜,通常形成厚度50~10,000nm,尤其100~5,000nm。
本發明之圖案形成方法之光阻下層膜,可使用上述本發明之光阻下層膜形成用組成物和光阻上層膜(光阻膜)同樣地以旋塗法等形成在被加工體上所形成之有機下層膜上。旋塗後藉由使溶劑蒸發,可防止和光阻上層膜混合,且為了促進交聯反應,宜進行烘烤。烘烤溫度為50~500℃之範圍內較理想,烘烤時間為10~300秒之範圍內為較佳。尤其理想之溫度範圍取決於製造之裝置之結構,但為了減少對於裝置之熱損害,400℃以下為較佳。
如上,藉由使用本發明之光阻下層膜形成用組成物形成光阻下層膜,尤其能抑制利用ArF雷射、KrF雷射等紫外線雷射所為之微影處理中之反射,可形成和光阻下層膜上形成之光阻圖案間之密合性良好,且光阻下層膜之上層光阻圖案(光阻上層膜)與下層有機下層膜之間有良好乾蝕刻選擇性之光阻下層膜。
本發明之圖案形成方法中,光阻圖案之形成可利用使用光阻組成物之光微影等公知方法實施。例如:可使用化學增幅型光阻組成物而在光阻下層膜上形成光阻膜,加熱處理後對於以高能射線形成之光阻膜曝光,之後顯影以形成光阻圖案。顯影可為使用鹼顯影液使光阻膜之曝光部溶解之正顯影,也可為曝光後使用有機溶劑之顯影液使光阻膜之未曝光部溶解之負顯影。
本發明之圖案形成方法中,利用如上述光微影所為之光阻圖案形成使用之光阻組成物為化學增幅型,只要是可利用使用鹼顯影液之正型顯影或有機溶劑之顯影液之負型顯影等形成圖案者即可,不特別限定。
作為使用高能射線之微影法,宜為使用300nm以下之光之微影法、尤其利用KrF準分子雷射光之曝光處理較理想、此時上層光阻膜宜為通常之KrF準分子雷射光用光阻組成物為較佳,也可使用於ArF曝光。
藉由使用如此之本發明之圖案形成方法,能於基板以高精度形成微細之圖案。
如上,若為本發明之紫外線吸收劑,例如添加到含聚矽氧烷之光阻下層膜形成用組成物,尤其可吸收在ArF雷射、KrF雷射等紫外線雷射所為之微影處理之紫外線並抑制反射,能形成光阻下層膜,該光阻下層膜對於形成在其上之光阻圖案顯示良好密合性,且對於上部形成之光阻圖案與下部形成之例如有機下層膜兩者兩方顯示高蝕刻選擇性。所以,當將形成之光阻圖案使用乾蝕刻處理按順序轉印到光阻下層膜、有機下層膜時,能以良好圖案形狀將圖案轉印。藉此,最終能以高精度將上層光阻形成之圖案轉印到基板。 [實施例]
以下使用合成例、實施例、及比較例對於本發明具體説明,但本發明不限於此等。
[紫外線吸收劑使用之化合物之合成] 通式(A-1)表示之化合物(紫外線吸收劑使用之化合物)依以下所示之方法合成(合成例1-1~1-4)。
(合成例1-1)化合物(D1)之合成 【化14】於氮氣環境下於安裝了溫度計、回流管之三口燒瓶中加入MA-DGIC(四國化成製)10.0g(35.6mmol)、2-萘甲酸(naphthoic acid)12.2g(71.1mmol)、PGME(1-甲氧基丙醇)50.0g。內溫升至80℃並使其成為均勻溶液後,添加苄基三乙基氯化銨0.81g(3.6mmol),於130℃之油浴中反應6小時。反應停止後以甲苯200mL稀釋,換到分液漏斗,以超純水50mL洗滌4次。回收有機相並濃縮乾固,獲得化合物(D1)20.9g。
又,獲得之化合物由使用IR及1
H-NMR之分析鑑別為上述結構式表示之化合物(D1)。 IR(ATR法):ν=3477,3054,2960,1695,1593,1576,1510,1457,1347,1278,1243,1197,1136,1076,1037,1018,934,816,784,734cm-1
。1
H-NMR(600MHz,於DMSO-d6
):δ=8.58~8.63(2H,m),8.0~8.15(8H,m),7.5~7.6(4H,m),5.6~5.8(1H,m),5.4~5.45(2H,OH,m),5.0~5.1(2H,m),4.0~4.3(8H,m)3.7~4.0(4H、m)ppm。
(合成例1-2)化合物(D2)之合成 【化15】
將合成例1-1之2-萘甲酸12.2g替換為使用1-萘甲酸12.2g,除此以外和合成例1-1同樣進行合成,獲得化合物(D2)21.0g。
又,獲得之化合物由使用IR及1
H-NMR之分析鑑別為上述結構式表示之化合物(D2)。 IR(ATR法):ν=3469,3051,2956,1689,1625,1523,1471,1414,1349,1318,1288,1264,1234,1200,1173,1152,1088,1015,893,848,793,762,733cm-1
。1
H-NMR(600MHz,於DMSO-d6
):δ=8.6~8.8(2H,m),8.1~8.2(4H,m),7.5~7.7(6H,m),5.6~5.8(1H,m),5.35~5.5(2H,OH,m),5.05~5.20(2H,m),4.0~4.40(8H,m),3.7~3.95(4H,m)ppm。
(合成例1-3)化合物(D3)之合成 【化16】將合成例1-1之2-萘甲酸12.2g改為使用9-蒽羧酸15.8g,除此以外和合成例1-1同樣進行合成,獲得化合物(D3)24.2g。
又,獲得之化合物由使用IR、1
H-NMR、及13
C-NMR之分析,鑑別為上述結構式表示之化合物(D3)。 IR(ATR法):ν=3488,3053,2955,1690,1456,1413,1348,1319,1288,1264,1199,1172,1152,1016,893,847,793,766,733cm-1
。1
H-NMR(600MHz,於DMSO-d6
):δ=8.75(2H,s),8.15(4H,d),8.09(4H,d),7.54~7.58(8H,m),5.70(1H,m),5.49(2H、-OH,d),5.15(1H,d),5.07(1H,d),4.57(4H,m),4.15~4.25(4H,m),3.81~3.92(4H,m)ppm。13
C-NMR(150MHz,於DMSO-d6
):δ=168.51,149.29,148.76,131.77,130.39,129.18,128.85,128.53,127.65,127.53,127.24,125.70,124.83,116.88,67.31,65.39,44.5,45.1ppm。
(合成例1-4)化合物(D4)之合成 【化17】將合成例1-1之MA-DGIC10.0g改為使用Me-DGIC(四國化成製)10.0g、2-萘甲酸12.2g改為使用9-蒽羧酸17.4g,除此以外和合成例1-1同樣進行合成,合成化合物(D4)26.2g。
又,獲得之化合物由使用IR、1
H-NMR、及13
C-NMR之分析,鑑別為上述結構式表示之化合物(D4)。 IR(ATR法):ν=3469,3051,2956,1689,1625,1523,1471,1414,1349,1318,1288,1264,1234,1200,1173,1152,1088,1015,893,848,793,762,733cm-1
。1
H-NMR(600MHz,於DMSO-d6
):δ=8.76(2H,s),8.15(4H,d),8.08(4H,d),7.5~7.6(8H,m),5.47(2H,OH,d-d),4.5~4.6(4H,m),4.18(2H,m),3.75~3.9(4H,m),3.01(3H,s-d)ppm。13
C-NMR(150MHz,於DMSO-d6
):δ=168.49,149.29,149.19,130.39,129.21,128.55,127.63,127.53,127.25,125.70,124.82,67.32,65.37,45.07,45.06ppm。
[聚矽氧烷之合成] 通式(B-1)表示之聚矽氧烷依以下所示之方法合成(合成例2-1~2-3)。 (合成例2-1)聚矽氧烷1之合成 於乙醇260g、甲烷磺酸0.2g、及去離子水260g之混合物中添加甲基三甲氧基矽烷34.1g及四乙氧基矽烷52.2g之混合物,於40℃保持12小時,使其水解縮合。反應結束後添加丙二醇乙醚(PGEE)300g,將副生醇及過量水分減壓餾去,獲得聚矽氧烷1之PGEE溶液260g(化合物濃度11.2%)。測定聚矽氧烷1之聚苯乙烯換算分子量,結果為Mw=2,300。
(合成例2-2)聚矽氧烷2之合成 於乙醇260g、甲烷磺酸0.2g、及去離子水260g之混合物中添加苯基三甲氧基矽烷5.0g及四乙氧基矽烷99.2g之混合物,於40℃保持12小時並使其水解縮合。反應結束後加入丙二醇乙醚(PGEE)300g,將副生醇及過量水分減壓餾去,獲得聚矽氧烷2之PGEE溶液290g(化合物濃度10.1%)。測定聚矽氧烷2之聚苯乙烯換算分子量,結果為Mw=1,900。
(合成例2-3)聚矽氧烷3之合成 於乙醇260g、甲烷磺酸0.2g、及去離子水260g之混合物中添加甲基三甲氧基矽烷68.1g,於40℃保持12小時並使其水解縮合。反應結束後加入丙二醇乙醚(PGEE)300g,將副生醇及過量水分減壓餾去,獲得聚矽氧烷3之PGEE溶液310g(化合物濃度10.1%)。測定聚矽氧烷3之聚苯乙烯換算分子量,結果為Mw=2,200。
[實施例、比較例] 將上述合成例2-1~2-3獲得之聚矽氧烷1~3、作為紫外線吸收劑之合成例1-1~1-4獲得之化合物(D1~D4)、交聯促進劑、溶劑、添加物(H2
O)以表1所示比例混合,以0.1μm之氟樹脂製濾器過濾,分別製備光阻下層膜形成用組成物溶液,並分別命名為Sol.1~10。
【表1】TPSMA:馬來酸單(三苯基鋶) TPSOAc:乙酸(三苯基鋶)
(光學特性之評價) 將Sol.1~10旋轉塗佈,於200℃進行60秒加熱成膜,形成膜厚80nm之含聚矽氧烷之膜(命名為Film1~10),以J.A.Woolam公司之入射角度可變之分光橢偏測厚儀(VUV-VASE)求出於波長248nm之Film1~10之光學常數(折射率n、消光係數k),結果如表2。
【表2】
如表2,相較於使用不含紫外線吸收劑之Sol.9、10形成之Film9、10,使用含有本發明之紫外線吸收劑之Sol.1~8形成之Film1~8,折射率較受壓抑且消光係數良好,KrF曝光之反射可壓抑為1%以下。
(圖案化試驗) 在矽晶圓上塗佈膜厚膜厚2.0μm之信越化學工業(股)製旋塗式碳膜形成用組成物ODL-69(碳含量86質量%),於300℃加熱60秒,形成有機下層膜。於其上塗佈作為光阻下層膜形成用組成物之上述Sol.1~10,於200℃加熱60秒,形成膜厚80nm之作為光阻下層膜之Film1~10。
然後,於Film1~10上塗佈表3記載之KrF光阻溶液(PR-1),於100℃烘烤90秒,形成膜厚250nm之光阻層(光阻上層膜)。 其次將此等以KrF浸潤曝光裝置(Nikon(股)製;NSR-S206D(NA=0.68)曝光,於110℃烘烤60秒(PEB),以2.38質量%四甲基氫氧化銨(TMAH)水溶液顯影,獲得130nm之線與間距圖案。此晶圓之剖面形狀以日立製作所(股)製電子顯微鏡(S-9380)測定,結果示於表4。
【表3】
KrF光阻聚合物:分子量(Mw)=15,000 分散度(Mw/Mn)=1.98 【化18】PAG1(酸產生劑):10-樟腦磺酸(4-丁氧基苯基)二苯基鋶 PAG2(酸產生劑):雙(環己基磺醯基)重氮甲烷 Base(鹼性化合物):參(2-甲氧基乙基)胺 界面活性劑:FC-4430(住友3M(股)製) 溶劑A:丙二醇甲醚乙酸酯(PGMEA) 溶劑B:乳酸乙酯
【表4】
如表4,當使用不含紫外線吸收劑之Sol.9、10形成光阻下層膜並實施圖案化時,獲得之圖案之剖面形狀成為推拔形狀,相對於此,使用含有本發明之紫外線吸收劑之Sol.1~8形成光阻下層膜並進行圖案化時,可獲得剖面形狀為矩形之圖案。
由以上可知:藉由使用含有本發明之紫外線吸收劑之光阻下層膜形成用組成物實施圖案形成,尤其可抑制在KrF雷射等紫外線雷射所為之微影處理之反射,能形成有矩形圖案形狀之圖案。又,可知:若為本發明之紫外線吸收劑,即使添加到含有聚矽氧烷之光阻下層膜形成用組成物,對於在其上形成之光阻圖案之密合性、乾蝕刻遮罩性能不會有不利影響,所以能理想地使用在使用含有聚矽氧烷之光阻下層膜之光微影。
又,本發明不限於上述實施形態。上述實施形態為例示,和本發明之申請專利範圍記載之技術思想有實質上同一構成且發揮同樣作用效果者皆包括在本發明之技術範圍。
無
Claims (7)
- 一種紫外線吸收劑,其特徵為包含下列通式(A-1)表示之化合物; 【化1】(式中,R表示甲基、乙基、丙基、及烯丙基中之任一者;R1 、R2 、R3 、R4 彼此可相同也可不同,表示氫原子、苯甲醯基、甲苯甲醯基、萘甲醯基、及鄰胺苯甲醯基中之任一者;惟R1 與R2 不同時為氫原子,R3 與R4 也不同時為氫原子;又,R1 與R2 為氫原子與苯甲醯基時,R3 與R4 不為氫原子與苯甲醯基,R1 與R2 為氫原子與甲苯甲醯基時,R3 與R4 不為氫原子與甲苯甲醯基。)
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之紫外線吸收劑,其中,該通式(A-1)中之R1 、R2 、R3 、R4 中之3者以上為苯甲醯基、甲苯甲醯基、萘甲醯基、及鄰胺苯甲醯基中之任一者。
- 一種光阻下層膜形成用組成物,其特徵為含有如申請專利範圍第1或2項之紫外線吸收劑與聚矽氧烷。
- 如申請專利範圍第3項之光阻下層膜形成用組成物,其中,該聚矽氧烷含有下列通式(B-1)表示之化合物、其水解物、其縮合物、其水解縮合物中之1種以上; R1B B1 R2B B2 R3B B3 Si(OR0B )(4-B1-B2-B3) (B-1) (式中,R0B 為碳數1~6之烴基,R1B 、R2B 、R3B 為氫原子或1價之有機基;B1、B2、B3為0或1,0≦B1+B2+B3≦3。)
- 一種圖案形成方法,其特徵為:係於被加工體上使用塗佈型有機下層膜材料形成有機下層膜,在該有機下層膜之上使用如申請專利範圍第3或4項之光阻下層膜形成用組成物形成光阻下層膜,並在該光阻下層膜上形成光阻上層膜,在該光阻上層膜形成光阻圖案,將該光阻圖案作為遮罩而於該光阻下層膜利用乾蝕刻轉印圖案,將該已轉印圖案之光阻下層膜作為遮罩而於該有機下層膜利用乾蝕刻轉印圖案,再將該轉印有圖案之有機下層膜作為遮罩而利用乾蝕刻轉印圖案於該被加工體。
- 如申請專利範圍第5項之圖案形成方法,其中,使用半導體裝置基板、或於該半導體裝置基板成膜金屬膜、金屬碳化膜、金屬氧化膜、金屬氮化膜、金屬氧化碳化膜、及金屬氧化氮化膜中之任一膜者作為該被加工體。
- 如申請專利範圍第6項之圖案形成方法,其中,構成該被加工體之金屬包括矽、鈦、鎢、鉿、鋯、鉻、鍺、銅、銀、金、鋁、銦、鎵、砷、鈀、鐵、鉭、銥、鉬、或該等之合金。
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