TW201513437A - 色素增感型太陽能電池 - Google Patents
色素增感型太陽能電池 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TW201513437A TW201513437A TW103128337A TW103128337A TW201513437A TW 201513437 A TW201513437 A TW 201513437A TW 103128337 A TW103128337 A TW 103128337A TW 103128337 A TW103128337 A TW 103128337A TW 201513437 A TW201513437 A TW 201513437A
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- group
- dye
- carbon atoms
- aryl
- aralkyl
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- -1 decylamino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 151
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 46
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 46
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 42
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 36
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 30
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 27
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 24
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims description 22
- QGKMIGUHVLGJBR-UHFFFAOYSA-M (4z)-1-(3-methylbutyl)-4-[[1-(3-methylbutyl)quinolin-1-ium-4-yl]methylidene]quinoline;iodide Chemical compound [I-].C12=CC=CC=C2N(CCC(C)C)C=CC1=CC1=CC=[N+](CCC(C)C)C2=CC=CC=C12 QGKMIGUHVLGJBR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000002843 carboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000001434 methanylylidene group Chemical group [H]C#[*] 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical group OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 claims description 7
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical group C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000005647 linker group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- VZXTWGWHSMCWGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine Chemical group NC1=NC=NC(N)=N1 VZXTWGWHSMCWGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001570 methylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical group [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003739 carbamimidoyl group Chemical group C(N)(=N)* 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenanthrene Chemical group C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C=CC2=C1 YNPNZTXNASCQKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002467 phosphate group Chemical group [H]OP(=O)(O[H])O[*] 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- ANRHNWWPFJCPAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M thionine Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=CC(N)=CC2=[S+]C3=CC(N)=CC=C3N=C21 ANRHNWWPFJCPAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 77
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 69
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 37
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 34
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 19
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 14
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinoline Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Thiocyanate anion Chemical compound [S-]C#N ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 7
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 7
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 125000001824 selenocyanato group Chemical group *[Se]C#N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 5
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-benzoquinone Chemical compound O=C1C=CC(=O)C=C1 AZQWKYJCGOJGHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroquinone Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 QIGBRXMKCJKVMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 150000001868 cobalt Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000004700 cobalt complex Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000003187 heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 239000002608 ionic liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 4
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 3
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229910003437 indium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium(iii) oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[In+3].[In+3] PJXISJQVUVHSOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-M iodide Chemical compound [I-] XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000004200 2-methoxyethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])OC([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000003229 2-methylhexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000000094 2-phenylethyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004861 4-isopropyl phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1*)C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000000590 4-methylphenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- YSHMQTRICHYLGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-tert-butylpyridine Chemical compound CC(C)(C)C1=CC=NC=C1 YSHMQTRICHYLGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrazine Chemical compound NN OAKJQQAXSVQMHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Pentanol Chemical compound CCCCCO AMQJEAYHLZJPGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperidine Chemical compound C1CCNCC1 NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004734 Polyphenylene sulfide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910006404 SnO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920010524 Syndiotactic polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000005210 alkyl ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C21 MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001000 anthraquinone dye Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000410 antimony oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QGKVXWDADKTZHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N azaporphyrin Chemical compound C1=C(N=2)C=CC=2C=C(N=2)C=CC=2C=C(N2)C=CC2=CC2=CNC1=N2 QGKVXWDADKTZHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003842 bromide salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000001787 chalcogens Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000005982 diphenylmethyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])(*)C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- 239000002612 dispersion medium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001301 ethoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 2
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- RHZWSUVWRRXEJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium tin Chemical compound [In].[Sn] RHZWSUVWRRXEJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutane Chemical compound CC(C)C NNPPMTNAJDCUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000001972 isopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 2
- HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium iodide Chemical compound [Li+].[I-] HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 125000000040 m-tolyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C([H])C(=C1[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000873 masking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 2
- 125000003261 o-tolyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000002524 organometallic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxoantimony Chemical compound [Sb]=O VTRUBDSFZJNXHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical compound N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920003207 poly(ethylene-2,6-naphthalate) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001230 polyarylate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011112 polyethylene naphthalate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000069 polyphenylene sulfide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 150000004032 porphyrins Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001235 sensitizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000003431 steroids Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000005504 styryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003672 ureas Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- BHQCQFFYRZLCQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3alpha,5alpha,7alpha,12alpha)-3,7,12-trihydroxy-cholan-24-oic acid Natural products OC1CC2CC(O)CCC2(C)C2C1C1CCC(C(CCC(O)=O)C)C1(C)C(O)C2 BHQCQFFYRZLCQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LVGUZGTVOIAKKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane Chemical compound FCC(F)(F)F LVGUZGTVOIAKKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Dichloroethane Chemical compound CC(Cl)Cl SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OEVSHJVOKFWBJY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 1-ethyl-2-methylquinolin-1-ium;iodide Chemical compound [I-].C1=CC=C2[N+](CC)=C(C)C=CC2=C1 OEVSHJVOKFWBJY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KJCVRFUGPWSIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-naphthol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(O)=CC=CC2=C1 KJCVRFUGPWSIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VFNKZQNIXUFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein Chemical compound O1C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2C21C1=CC(Cl)=C(O)C=C1OC1=C2C=C(Cl)C(O)=C1 VFNKZQNIXUFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KMHSUNDEGHRBNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dichloropyrimidine-5-carbonitrile Chemical compound ClC1=NC=C(C#N)C(Cl)=N1 KMHSUNDEGHRBNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BXTYKTBHDRQJNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,7-bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)pyrene Chemical compound FC(S(=O)(=O)C1=CC2=CC=C3C=C(C=C4C=CC(=C1)C2=C43)S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F)(F)F BXTYKTBHDRQJNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAYXUHPQHDHDDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol Chemical compound CCCCOCCOCCO OAYXUHPQHDHDDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYGWXUKNSOHFJX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 2-(3-ethyl-4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-3-ium-5-yl)ethanol;iodide Chemical compound [I-].CC[N+]1=CSC(CCO)=C1C FYGWXUKNSOHFJX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-METHOXYETHANOL Chemical compound COCCO XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butoxyethanol Chemical compound CCCCOCCO POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxyethanol Chemical compound CCOCCO ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QKPVEISEHYYHRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxyacetonitrile Chemical compound COCC#N QKPVEISEHYYHRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLLIQLLCWZCATF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxyethyl acetate Chemical compound COCCOC(C)=O XLLIQLLCWZCATF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OOWFYDWAMOKVSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methoxypropanenitrile Chemical compound COCCC#N OOWFYDWAMOKVSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VFLYBWGSQGMWHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methyl-1h-imidazol-3-ium;iodide Chemical compound [I-].C[N+]=1C=CNC=1 VFLYBWGSQGMWHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZDTNHRWWURISAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4',5'-dibromo-3',6'-dihydroxyspiro[2-benzofuran-3,9'-xanthene]-1-one Chemical compound O1C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2C21C1=CC=C(O)C(Br)=C1OC1=C(Br)C(O)=CC=C21 ZDTNHRWWURISAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl acetate Natural products CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chlorate Chemical compound [O-]Cl(=O)=O XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004380 Cholic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IGXWBGJHJZYPQS-SSDOTTSWSA-N D-Luciferin Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H]1CSC(C=2SC3=CC=C(O)C=C3N=2)=N1 IGXWBGJHJZYPQS-SSDOTTSWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CYCGRDQQIOGCKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dehydro-luciferin Natural products OC(=O)C1=CSC(C=2SC3=CC(O)=CC=C3N=2)=N1 CYCGRDQQIOGCKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BWGNESOTFCXPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen disulfide Chemical compound SS BWGNESOTFCXPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BJGNCJDXODQBOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fivefly Luciferin Natural products OC(=O)C1CSC(C=2SC3=CC(O)=CC=C3N=2)=N1 BJGNCJDXODQBOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000000177 Indigofera tinctoria Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- DDWFXDSYGUXRAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Luciferin Natural products CCc1c(C)c(CC2NC(=O)C(=C2C=C)C)[nH]c1Cc3[nH]c4C(=C5/NC(CC(=O)O)C(C)C5CC(=O)O)CC(=O)c4c3C DDWFXDSYGUXRAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004640 Melamine resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methanesulfonate Chemical compound CS([O-])(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)=O NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Natural products CCC(C)C(C)=O UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930192627 Naphthoquinone Natural products 0.000 description 1
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WYNCHZVNFNFDNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxazolidine Chemical compound C1COCN1 WYNCHZVNFNFDNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RFFFKMOABOFIDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentanenitrile Chemical compound CCCCC#N RFFFKMOABOFIDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- NRCMAYZCPIVABH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinacridone Chemical compound N1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2=C1C=C1C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3NC1=C2 NRCMAYZCPIVABH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012327 Ruthenium complex Substances 0.000 description 1
- 206010070834 Sensitisation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- KTCCKNDTESWMHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Br].[Hg] Chemical compound [Br].[Hg] KTCCKNDTESWMHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000980 acid dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001413 alkali metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004183 alkoxy alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001449 anionic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- RJGDLRCDCYRQOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthrone Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3CC2=C1 RJGDLRCDCYRQOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000006615 aromatic heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910000063 azene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000987 azo dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- MIAUJDCQDVWHEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,2-disulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1S(O)(=O)=O MIAUJDCQDVWHEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940077388 benzenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzophenone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012965 benzophenone Substances 0.000 description 1
- WDEQGLDWZMIMJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl 4-hydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate Chemical compound OCC1CC(O)CN1C(=O)OCC1=CC=CC=C1 WDEQGLDWZMIMJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FQUNFJULCYSSOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisoctrizole Chemical compound N1=C2C=CC=CC2=NN1C1=CC(C(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C)=CC(CC=2C(=C(C=C(C=2)C(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C)N2N=C3C=CC=CC3=N2)O)=C1O FQUNFJULCYSSOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004106 butoxy group Chemical group [*]OC([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KVNRLNFWIYMESJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyronitrile Chemical compound CCCC#N KVNRLNFWIYMESJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XQPRBTXUXXVTKB-UHFFFAOYSA-M caesium iodide Chemical compound [I-].[Cs+] XQPRBTXUXXVTKB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052798 chalcogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008280 chlorinated hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004651 chloromethoxy group Chemical group ClCO* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004218 chloromethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(Cl)* 0.000 description 1
- 229960002471 cholic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019416 cholic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- MPMSMUBQXQALQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt phthalocyanine Chemical compound [Co+2].C12=CC=CC=C2C(N=C2[N-]C(C3=CC=CC=C32)=N2)=NC1=NC([C]1C=CC=CC1=1)=NC=1N=C1[C]3C=CC=CC3=C2[N-]1 MPMSMUBQXQALQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004696 coordination complex Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- IGARGHRYKHJQSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexylbenzene Chemical compound C1CCCCC1C1=CC=CC=C1 IGARGHRYKHJQSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KXGVEGMKQFWNSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N deoxycholic acid Natural products C1CC2CC(O)CCC2(C)C2C1C1CCC(C(CCC(O)=O)C)C1(C)C(O)C2 KXGVEGMKQFWNSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005266 diarylamine group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004772 dichloromethyl group Chemical group [H]C(Cl)(Cl)* 0.000 description 1
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001028 difluoromethyl group Chemical group [H]C(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- CZZYITDELCSZES-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylmethane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1CC1=CC=CC=C1 CZZYITDELCSZES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VQHHOXOLUXRQFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium;4,5,6,7-tetrachloro-2',4',5',7'-tetraiodo-3-oxospiro[2-benzofuran-1,9'-xanthene]-3',6'-diolate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].O1C(=O)C(C(=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2Cl)Cl)=C2C21C1=CC(I)=C([O-])C(I)=C1OC1=C(I)C([O-])=C(I)C=C21 VQHHOXOLUXRQFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- RAGZEDHHTPQLAI-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium;2',4',5',7'-tetraiodo-3-oxospiro[2-benzofuran-1,9'-xanthene]-3',6'-diolate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].O1C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2C21C1=CC(I)=C([O-])C(I)=C1OC1=C(I)C([O-])=C(I)C=C21 RAGZEDHHTPQLAI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- SEACYXSIPDVVMV-UHFFFAOYSA-L eosin Y Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C1=C2C=C(Br)C(=O)C(Br)=C2OC2=C(Br)C([O-])=C(Br)C=C21 SEACYXSIPDVVMV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- IINNWAYUJNWZRM-UHFFFAOYSA-L erythrosin B Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C1=C2C=C(I)C(=O)C(I)=C2OC2=C(I)C([O-])=C(I)C=C21 IINNWAYUJNWZRM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229940011411 erythrosine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004174 erythrosine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012732 erythrosine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- KTWOOEGAPBSYNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferrocene Chemical group [Fe+2].C=1C=C[CH-]C=1.C=1C=C[CH-]C=1 KTWOOEGAPBSYNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001973 fluoroelastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000004216 fluoromethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(F)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005283 ground state Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000449 hafnium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WIHZLLGSGQNAGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium(4+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Hf+4] WIHZLLGSGQNAGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000026030 halogenation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005658 halogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RBTKNAXYKSUFRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N heliogen blue Chemical compound [Cu].[N-]1C2=C(C=CC=C3)C3=C1N=C([N-]1)C3=CC=CC=C3C1=NC([N-]1)=C(C=CC=C3)C3=C1N=C([N-]1)C3=CC=CC=C3C1=N2 RBTKNAXYKSUFRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical compound I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004693 imidazolium salts Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940097275 indigo Drugs 0.000 description 1
- COHYTHOBJLSHDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N indigo powder Natural products N1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C1=C1C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2N1 COHYTHOBJLSHDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001412 inorganic anion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003253 isopropoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(O*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000011244 liquid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium perchlorate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910001486 lithium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002960 margaryl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 1
- CXHHBNMLPJOKQD-UHFFFAOYSA-M methyl carbonate Chemical compound COC([O-])=O CXHHBNMLPJOKQD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000001421 myristyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- YZMHQCWXYHARLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,2-disulfonic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=C21 YZMHQCWXYHARLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTEGVFVZDVNBPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,5-disulfonic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1S(O)(=O)=O XTEGVFVZDVNBPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002791 naphthoquinones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005246 nonafluorobutyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 150000002923 oximes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000913 palmityl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002958 pentadecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M perchlorate Inorganic materials [O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O VLTRZXGMWDSKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000951 phenoxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(O*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- WRKCIHRWQZQBOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric Acid Monooctyl Ester Natural products CCCCCCCCOP(O)(O)=O WRKCIHRWQZQBOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XKJCHHZQLQNZHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalimide Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)NC(=O)C2=C1 XKJCHHZQLQNZHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003367 polycyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002098 polyfluorene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000009719 polyimide resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002717 polyvinylpyridine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- FVSKHRXBFJPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N propionitrile Chemical compound CCC#N FVSKHRXBFJPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002572 propoxy group Chemical group [*]OC([H])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- BJDYCCHRZIFCGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridin-1-ium;iodide Chemical compound I.C1=CC=NC=C1 BJDYCCHRZIFCGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000168 pyrrolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NHWBVRAPBLSUQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-H ruthenium hexafluoride Chemical compound F[Ru](F)(F)(F)(F)F NHWBVRAPBLSUQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008313 sensitization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- PWEBUXCTKOWPCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N squaric acid Chemical compound OC1=C(O)C(=O)C1=O PWEBUXCTKOWPCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000547 substituted alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940095064 tartrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- DPKBAXPHAYBPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylazanium;iodide Chemical compound [I-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC DPKBAXPHAYBPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- UQFSVBXCNGCBBW-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetraethylammonium iodide Chemical compound [I-].CC[N+](CC)(CC)CC UQFSVBXCNGCBBW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KCSOHLKZTZMKQA-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetraheptylazanium;iodide Chemical compound [I-].CCCCCCC[N+](CCCCCCC)(CCCCCCC)CCCCCCC KCSOHLKZTZMKQA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VRKHAMWCGMJAMI-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrahexylazanium;iodide Chemical compound [I-].CCCCCC[N+](CCCCCC)(CCCCCC)CCCCCC VRKHAMWCGMJAMI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FBLZDUAOBOMSNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrapentylazanium;iodide Chemical compound [I-].CCCCC[N+](CCCCC)(CCCCC)CCCCC FBLZDUAOBOMSNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- GKXDJYKZFZVASJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrapropylazanium;iodide Chemical compound [I-].CCC[N+](CCC)(CCC)CCC GKXDJYKZFZVASJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007944 thiolates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005259 triarylamine group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003866 trichloromethyl group Chemical group ClC(Cl)(Cl)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002889 tridecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000876 trifluoromethoxy group Chemical group FC(F)(F)O* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 1
- KKLAORVGAKUOPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M trimethyl(phenyl)azanium;iodide Chemical compound [I-].C[N+](C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 KKLAORVGAKUOPZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000002221 trityl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1C([*])(C1=C(C(=C(C(=C1[H])[H])[H])[H])[H])C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910001935 vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/20—Light-sensitive devices
- H01G9/2059—Light-sensitive devices comprising an organic dye as the active light absorbing material, e.g. adsorbed on an electrode or dissolved in solution
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B23/00—Methine or polymethine dyes, e.g. cyanine dyes
- C09B23/0008—Methine or polymethine dyes, e.g. cyanine dyes substituted on the polymethine chain
- C09B23/0033—Methine or polymethine dyes, e.g. cyanine dyes substituted on the polymethine chain the substituent being bound through a sulfur atom
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B23/00—Methine or polymethine dyes, e.g. cyanine dyes
- C09B23/0008—Methine or polymethine dyes, e.g. cyanine dyes substituted on the polymethine chain
- C09B23/005—Methine or polymethine dyes, e.g. cyanine dyes substituted on the polymethine chain the substituent being a COOH and/or a functional derivative thereof
- C09B23/0058—Methine or polymethine dyes, e.g. cyanine dyes substituted on the polymethine chain the substituent being a COOH and/or a functional derivative thereof the substituent being CN
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B23/00—Methine or polymethine dyes, e.g. cyanine dyes
- C09B23/0066—Methine or polymethine dyes, e.g. cyanine dyes the polymethine chain being part of a carbocyclic ring,(e.g. benzene, naphtalene, cyclohexene, cyclobutenene-quadratic acid)
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B23/00—Methine or polymethine dyes, e.g. cyanine dyes
- C09B23/02—Methine or polymethine dyes, e.g. cyanine dyes the polymethine chain containing an odd number of >CH- or >C[alkyl]- groups
- C09B23/06—Methine or polymethine dyes, e.g. cyanine dyes the polymethine chain containing an odd number of >CH- or >C[alkyl]- groups three >CH- groups, e.g. carbocyanines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B23/00—Methine or polymethine dyes, e.g. cyanine dyes
- C09B23/02—Methine or polymethine dyes, e.g. cyanine dyes the polymethine chain containing an odd number of >CH- or >C[alkyl]- groups
- C09B23/08—Methine or polymethine dyes, e.g. cyanine dyes the polymethine chain containing an odd number of >CH- or >C[alkyl]- groups more than three >CH- groups, e.g. polycarbocyanines
- C09B23/083—Methine or polymethine dyes, e.g. cyanine dyes the polymethine chain containing an odd number of >CH- or >C[alkyl]- groups more than three >CH- groups, e.g. polycarbocyanines five >CH- groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B23/00—Methine or polymethine dyes, e.g. cyanine dyes
- C09B23/10—The polymethine chain containing an even number of >CH- groups
- C09B23/105—The polymethine chain containing an even number of >CH- groups two >CH- groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B57/00—Other synthetic dyes of known constitution
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B57/00—Other synthetic dyes of known constitution
- C09B57/10—Metal complexes of organic compounds not being dyes in uncomplexed form
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/20—Light-sensitive devices
- H01G9/2004—Light-sensitive devices characterised by the electrolyte, e.g. comprising an organic electrolyte
- H01G9/2013—Light-sensitive devices characterised by the electrolyte, e.g. comprising an organic electrolyte the electrolyte comprising ionic liquids, e.g. alkyl imidazolium iodide
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/20—Light-sensitive devices
- H01G9/2004—Light-sensitive devices characterised by the electrolyte, e.g. comprising an organic electrolyte
- H01G9/2018—Light-sensitive devices characterised by the electrolyte, e.g. comprising an organic electrolyte characterised by the ionic charge transport species, e.g. redox shuttles
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/20—Light-sensitive devices
- H01G9/2027—Light-sensitive devices comprising an oxide semiconductor electrode
- H01G9/2031—Light-sensitive devices comprising an oxide semiconductor electrode comprising titanium oxide, e.g. TiO2
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
- H10K85/649—Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom
- H10K85/657—Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons
- H10K85/6572—Polycyclic condensed heteroaromatic hydrocarbons comprising only nitrogen in the heteroaromatic polycondensed ring system, e.g. phenanthroline or carbazole
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/30—Coordination compounds
- H10K85/331—Metal complexes comprising an iron-series metal, e.g. Fe, Co, Ni
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K85/00—Organic materials used in the body or electrodes of devices covered by this subclass
- H10K85/60—Organic compounds having low molecular weight
- H10K85/649—Aromatic compounds comprising a hetero atom
- H10K85/652—Cyanine dyes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/542—Dye sensitized solar cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/549—Organic PV cells
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Hybrid Cells (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Abstract
本發明之色素增感型太陽能電池係具有於金屬氧化物層擔載有色素之色素擔載金屬氧化物電極之工作電極與對向電極介隔電解質層而對向者,且色素為含有花青色素者,電解質層中之電解質含有鈷系電解質。較佳為花青色素為下述通式(1)所表示之化合物中之至少1種。
A-Q-A' (1) pAnq-(式中,A、A'及Q之定義參照說明書。Anq-表示q價之陰離子,q表示1或2,p表示使電荷保持中性之係數)
Description
本發明係關於一種色素增感型太陽能電池。
色素增感型太陽能電池通常具備具有氧化物半導體作為色素載體之電極,該色素吸收入射之光而被激發,該被激發之色素將電子注入至載體,藉此進行光電轉換。並且,此種色素增感型太陽能電池理論上於有機系太陽能電池中可期待較高之能量轉換效率,又,可以低於先前之使用矽半導體之太陽能電池之價格製造,因此認為於成本方面非常有利。
色素增感型太陽能電池之光電轉換效率係以發電電流與發電電壓之乘積表示。作為提高發電電流之方法,業界對擴寬色素之光吸收波長區域,或同時使用光吸收波長區域不同之複數種色素等進行研究。作為用於色素增感型太陽能電池之色素,廣為人知有釕錯合物系色素或花青系色素等有機色素,其中,花青系色素相對穩定性較高,另外可容易地合成,故而進行各種研究。
例如,於專利文獻1中,揭示有具有羧酸基作為用以吸附於氧化物半導體電極之錨定基的花青系色素。
另一方面,作為提高發電電壓之嘗試,揭示有變更電解質之研究。具體而言,於非專利文獻1、2或專利文獻2中揭示,對使用(SCN)2/SCN-、(SeCN)2/SeCN-、鈷系電解質等代替因低成本等原因而通常使用之碘系電解質進行研究。又,於專利文獻3中,揭示有應用
鈷系電解質之色素增感型太陽能電池所使用之色素之研究。
非專利文獻1:J. Phys. Chem. B: Appl. Vol. 105. 2001, 6867 - 6873
非專利文獻2:J. Am. Chem. Soc. 124. 2001, 11215 - 11222
專利文獻1:US2008236663A1
專利文獻2:日本專利特開2005-353289號公報
專利文獻3:日本專利特開2013-077449號公報
本發明之目的在於提供一種光電轉換效率及耐久性較高之色素增感型太陽能電池。
本發明者等人反覆進行努力研究,結果發現:於將擔載有特定之花青色素之工作電極用於使用非碘系電解質之色素增感型太陽能電池之情形時,可解決上述問題,從而完成本發明。
即,本發明為提供以下之<1>~<5>者。
<1>一種色素增感型太陽能電池,其特徵在於:其係包含於金屬氧化物層擔載有色素之色素擔載金屬氧化物電極之工作電極與對向電極介隔電解質層而對向者,且色素為含有花青色素者,電解質層中之電解質含有鈷系電解質。
<2>如<1>之色素增感型太陽能電池,其特徵在於:花青色素為下述通式(1)所表示之化合物中之至少1種,
[化1]A-Q-A' (1) pAnq-
(式中,A表示選自下述群I之(a)~(m)中之基,A'表示選自下述群II之(a')~(m')中之基,Q表示構成碳原子數1~9之次甲基鏈且可於鏈中含有環結構之連結基,該次甲基鏈中之氫原子亦可經羥基、鹵素原子、氰基、-NRR'、芳基、芳烷基或烷基取代,該-NRR'、芳基、芳烷基及烷基可進一步經羥基、鹵素原子、氰基或NRR'取代,亦可經-O-、-S-、-CO-、-COO-、-OCO-、-SO2-、-NH-、-CONH-、-NHCO-、-N=CH-或-CH=CH-中斷,R及R'表示芳基、芳烷基或烷基,Anq-表示q價之陰離子,q表示1或2,p表示使電荷保持中性之係數)
(式中,環C及環C'表示苯環、萘環、菲環或吡啶環,R1及R1'表示羥基、鹵素原子、硝基、氰基、磺酸基、磷酸基、羧酸基、胺基、醯胺基、二茂鐵基、碳原子數6~30之芳基、碳原子數7~30之芳烷基或碳原子數1~8之烷基,該碳原子數6~30之芳基、碳原子數7~30之芳烷基及碳原子數1~8之烷基可經羥基、鹵素原子、硝基、氰基、磺酸基、磷酸基、羧酸基、胺基、醯胺基或二茂鐵基取代,亦可經-O-、-S-、-CO-、-COO-、-OCO-、-SO2-、-NH-、-CONH-、-NHCO-、-N=CH-或-CH=CH-中斷,R2~R9及R2'~R9'表示與R1及R1'相同之基或氫原子,X及X'表示氧原子、硫原子、硒原子、-CR51R52-、碳原子數3~6之環烷烴-1,1-二基、-NH-或NY2-,R51及R52表示與R1及R1'相同之基或氫原子,Y、Y'及Y2表示氫原子、或可經羥基、鹵素原子、氰基、羧酸基、胺基、醯胺基、二茂鐵基、磺酸基、磷酸基、-SiR6R7R8或者硝基取代之碳原子數1~20之烷基、碳原子數6~30之芳基或者碳原子數7~30之芳烷基,
該Y、Y'及Y2中之烷基、芳基及芳烷基中之亞甲基亦可經-O-、-S-、-CO-、-COO-、-OCO-、-SO2-、-NH-、-CONH-、-NHCO-、-N=CH-或-CH=CH-中斷,r及r'表示0或(a)~(e)、(g)~(j)、(l)、(m)、(a')~(e')、(g')~(j')、(l')及(m')中可取代之數)。
<3>如<2>之色素增感型太陽能電池,其中上述通式(1)所表示之化合物為上述Q由下述(Q-1)~(Q-11)中之任一者所表示之化合物,
(式中,R14、R15、R16、R17、R18、R19及Z'各自獨立表示氫原子、羥基、鹵素原子、氰基、-NRR'、芳基、芳烷基或烷基,該-NRR'、芳基、芳烷基及烷基可經羥基、鹵素原子、氰基或NRR'取代,亦可經-O-、-S-、-CO-、-COO-、-OCO-、-SO2-、-NH-、-CONH-、-NHCO-、-N=CH-或-CH=CH-中斷,R及R'表示芳基、芳烷基或烷基)。
<4>如<2>或<3>之色素增感型太陽能電池,其特徵在於:
上述通式(1)所表示之化合物為具有1或2個選自上述(a)~(e)、(h)~(m)、(a')~(e')或(h')~(m')中之基者。
<5>如<2>至<4>中任一項之色素增感型太陽能電池,其特徵在於:上述通式(1)所表示之化合物為如下者:A為選自上述(a)或(h)~(k)中之基,A'為選自上述(a')或(h')~(k')中之基,Q表示構成碳原子數1、3、5或7之次甲基鏈且可於鏈中含有環結構之連結基,該次甲基鏈中之氫原子亦可經羥基、鹵素原子、氰基、-NRR'、芳基、芳烷基或烷基取代,該-NRR'、芳基、芳烷基及烷基可進一步經羥基、鹵素原子、氰基或NRR'取代,亦可經-O-、-S-、-CO-、-COO-、-OCO-、-SO2-、-NH-、-CONH-、-NHCO-、-N=CH-或-CH=CH-中斷,R及R'為表示芳基、芳烷基或烷基之基。
根據本發明,實現吸收波長區域寬廣、且不僅對金屬氧化物層之吸附性(密接性)優異而且能量移動效率亦優異之色素增感型太陽能電池。
10‧‧‧工作電極
11‧‧‧導電性基板
11A‧‧‧基板
11B‧‧‧導電層
12‧‧‧金屬氧化物半導體層
12A‧‧‧緻密層
12B‧‧‧多孔質層
13‧‧‧色素
20‧‧‧對向電極
21‧‧‧導電性基板
22‧‧‧導電層
30‧‧‧含電解質層
100‧‧‧色素增感型太陽能電池
圖1係表示本發明之色素增感型太陽能電池之一例之剖面構成的模式圖。
圖2係圖1所示之本發明之色素增感型太陽能電池之主要部分的放大圖。
以下,就本發明之實施形態進行說明。
關於本發明之色素增感型太陽能電池之構成,使用碘/碘化物離子以外之電解質,且增感色素使用花青化合物,除該方面以外,可設為與先前之色素增感型太陽能電池相同。以下,參照圖1及圖2,就本
發明之色素增感型太陽能電池之代表性構成例進行說明。
圖1為示意性地表示本發明之色素增感型太陽能電池之一例之剖面構成者,圖2為選取圖1所示之色素增感型太陽能電池之主要部分而表示者。該色素增感型太陽能電池為工作電極10與對向電極20介隔含電解質層30而對向配置者,工作電極10及對向電極20中之至少一者為具有透光性之電極。
工作電極10例如具有導電性基板11、設置於其一面(對向電極20側之面)之金屬氧化物半導體層12、及擔載於金屬氧化物半導體層12之色素13。於本發明之色素增感型太陽能電池中,色素13為含有至少1種花青色素者,含電解質層30所含之電解質為含有選自醌/對苯二酚系電解質、(SCN)2/SCN-、(SeCN)2/SeCN-、鈷系電解質、及硝醯自由基化合物系電解質之至少1種電解質者。於圖1所示之例中,包含作為色素13之載體之金屬氧化物半導體層12、及擔載於該金屬氧化物半導體層12之色素13的複合體(擔載體)相當於本發明之色素擔載金屬氧化物電極。
工作電極10對於外部電路係作為負極發揮功能者。導電性基板11為例如於絕緣性之基板11A之表面設置有導電層11B者。
作為基板11A之材料,例如可列舉玻璃、塑膠等絕緣性材料。塑膠例如以透明聚合物膜之形態使用,作為形成透明聚合物膜之塑膠,例如可列舉:四乙醯纖維素(TAC)、聚對苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)、聚萘二甲酸乙二酯(PEN)、間規聚苯乙烯(SPS)、聚苯硫醚(PPS)、聚碳酸酯(PC)、聚芳酯(PAR)、聚碸(PSF)、聚酯碸(PES)、聚醚醯亞胺(PEI)、環狀聚烯烴或溴化苯氧基等。
作為導電層11B,例如可列舉:包含氧化銦、氧化錫、銦-錫複合氧化物(ITO)或對氧化錫摻雜氟而成者(FTO:F-SnO2)等之導電性金屬氧化物薄膜,或包含金(Au)、銀(Ag)或鉑(Pt)等之金屬薄膜及金屬
網、由導電性高分子等所形成者等。
再者,導電性基板11例如亦可以成為單層構造之方式由具有導電性之材料構成,於該情形時,作為導電性基板11之材料,例如可列舉:氧化銦、氧化錫、銦-錫複合氧化物或對氧化錫摻雜氟而成者等導電性金屬氧化物、或者金、銀或鉑等金屬、導電性高分子等。
金屬氧化物半導體層12為擔載色素13之載體,例如,如圖2所示般具有多孔質構造。金屬氧化物半導體層12係由緻密層12A及多孔質層12B形成。緻密層12A形成於與導電性基板11之界面,較佳為緻密且空隙較少者,更佳為膜狀。多孔質層12B形成於與含電解質層30接觸之表面,較佳為空隙較多且表面積較大之構造,尤其更佳為附著有多孔質之微粒子之構造。再者,金屬氧化物半導體層12例如亦可形成為膜狀之單層構造。於本發明中,所謂擔載,為色素13與多孔質層12B化學性、物理性或電性結合或吸附之狀態。
作為金屬氧化物半導體層12所含之材料(金屬氧化物半導體材料),例如可列舉:氧化鈦、氧化鋅、氧化錫、氧化鈮、氧化銦、氧化鋯、氧化鉭、氧化釩、氧化釔、氧化鋁或氧化鎂等。其中,作為金屬氧化物半導體材料,由於可獲得較高之轉換效率,故而較佳為氧化鈦及氧化鋅。又,該等金屬氧化物半導體材料可單獨使用任1種,亦可將2種以上複合(混合、混晶、固溶體、表面被覆等)而使用,例如亦可以氧化鈦及氧化鋅等之組合之形式使用。
作為具有多孔質構造之金屬氧化物半導體層12之形成方法,例如可列舉電解析出法、塗佈法、或焙燒法等。於藉由電解析出法形成金屬氧化物半導體層12之情形時,於包含金屬氧化物半導體材料之微粒子之電解浴液中,使該微粒子附著於導電性基板11之導電層11B上,並且使金屬氧化物半導體材料析出。於藉由塗佈法形成金屬氧化物半導體層12之情形時,將分散有金屬氧化物半導體材料之微粒子的
分散液(金屬氧化物漿料)塗佈於導電性基板11上之後,為了去除分散液中之分散介質而進行乾燥。於藉由燒結法形成金屬氧化物半導體層12之情形時,與塗佈法同樣地將金屬氧化物漿料塗佈於導電性基板11上並加以乾燥,其後進行焙燒。其中,若藉由電解析出法或塗佈法形成金屬氧化物半導體層12,則可使用耐熱性較低之塑膠材料或聚合物膜材料作為基板11A,故而可製作可撓性較高之電極。
又,金屬氧化物半導體層12亦可使用有機鹼、脲衍生物、環狀糖鏈進行處理。作為有機鹼,可列舉:二芳基胺、三芳基胺、吡啶、4-第三丁基吡啶、聚乙烯吡啶、喹啉、哌啶、脒等有機鹼。該處理可於吸附以下說明之色素13之前或之後進行。作為處理方法,可列舉浸漬處理,於處理劑為固體之情形時,只要於溶解在有機溶劑後進行浸漬處理即可。
色素13含有1種或2種以上之如下色素(增感色素),該色素係藉由例如吸附於金屬氧化物半導體層12,吸收光而被激發,從而可將電子注入至金屬氧化物半導體層12。於本發明之色素增感太陽能電池中,至少含有1種花青色素者相當於色素13。
色素13只要含有至少1種花青色素即可,亦可於無損本發明之效果之範圍內含有其他色素。
作為色素13使用之花青色素,並無特別限定,可較佳地使用上述通式(1)所表示之花青色素中之至少1種。
上述通式(1)中,作為R1~R9及R1'~R9'以及X及X'中之R51及R52所表示之鹵素原子,可列舉:氟、氯、溴、碘;作為碳原子數6~30之芳基,可列舉:苯基、萘基、2-甲基苯基、3-甲基苯基、4-甲基苯基、4-乙烯基苯基、3-異丙基苯基、4-異丙基苯基、4-丁基苯基、4-異丁基苯基、4-第三丁基苯基、4-己基苯基、4-環己基苯基、4-辛基苯基、4-(2-乙基己基)苯基、4-硬脂基苯基、2,3-二甲基苯基、2,4-二
甲基苯基、2,5-二甲基苯基、2,6-二甲基苯基、3,4-二甲基苯基、3,5-二甲基苯基、2,4-二第三丁基苯基、2,5-二第三丁基苯基、2,6-二第三丁基苯基、2,4-二第三戊基苯基、2,5-二第三戊基苯基、2,5-二第三辛基苯基、2,4-二異丙苯基苯基、4-環己基苯基、(1,1'-聯苯)-4-基、2,4,5-三甲基苯基、二茂鐵基等;作為碳原子數7~30之芳烷基,可列舉:苄基、苯乙基、2-苯基丙烷-2-基、二苯基甲基、三苯基甲基、苯乙烯基、苯烯丙基、二茂鐵基甲基、二茂鐵基丙基等;作為碳原子數1~8之烷基,可列舉:甲基、乙基、丙基、異丙基、丁基、第二丁基、第三丁基、異丁基、戊基、異戊基、第三戊基、己基、2-己基、3-己基、環己基、1-甲基環己基、庚基、2-庚基、3-庚基、異庚基、第三庚基、1-辛基、異辛基、第三辛基等。
上述碳原子數6~30之芳基、碳原子數7~30之芳烷基及碳原子數1~8之烷基可經羥基、鹵素原子、硝基、氰基、磺酸基、磷酸基、羧酸基、胺基、醯胺基或二茂鐵基取代,亦可經-O-、-S-、-CO-、-COO-、-OCO-、-SO2-、-NH-、-CONH-、-NHCO-、-N=CH-或雙鍵中斷,該等取代及中斷之個數及位置為任意。再者,只要無特別規定,則本說明書中記載之各種基之碳原子數中不包含將該基取代或中斷之基之碳原子數。
例如,作為上述碳原子數1~8之烷基經鹵素原子取代之基,例如可列舉:氯甲基、二氯甲基、三氯甲基、氟甲基、二氟甲基、三氟甲基、九氟丁基等;作為上述碳原子數1~8之烷基經-O-中斷之基,可列舉:甲氧基、乙氧基、異丙氧基、丙氧基、丁氧基、戊氧基、異戊氧基、己氧基、庚氧基、辛氧基、2-乙基己氧基等烷氧基,或2-甲氧基乙基、2-(2-甲氧基)乙氧基乙基、2-乙氧基乙基、2-丁氧基乙基、4-甲氧基丁
基、3-甲氧基丁基等烷氧基烷基等;作為上述碳原子數1~8之烷基經鹵素原子取代且經-O-中斷之基,例如可列舉:氯甲氧基、二氯甲氧基、三氯甲氧基、氟甲氧基、二氟甲氧基、三氟甲氧基、九氟丁氧基等。
上述通式(1)中,作為X及X'所表示之碳原子數3~6之環烷烴-1,1-二基,可列舉:環丙烷-1,1-二基、環丁烷-1,1-二基、2,4-二甲基環丁烷-1,1-二基、3,3-二甲基環丁烷-1,1-二基、環戊烷-1,1-二基、環己烷-1,1-二基等。
上述通式(1)中,作為Y、Y'及Y2所表示之鹵素原子、碳原子數1~20之烷基、碳原子數6~30之芳基及碳原子數7~30之芳烷基,可列舉上述R1等之說明中所例示之基,該等取代基中之氫原子亦可經羥基、鹵素原子、氰基、羧酸基、胺基、醯胺基、二茂鐵基、磺酸基、磷酸基、-SiR6R7R8或硝基取代任意個數。
又,該等Y、Y'、Y2中之烷基、芳基及芳烷基中之亞甲基亦可經-O-、-S-、-CO-、-COO-、-OCO-、-SO2-、-NH-、-CONH-、-NHCO-、-N=CH-或-CH=CH-中斷。可列舉:例如甲基、乙基、丙基、異丙基、丁基、第二丁基、第三丁基、異丁基、戊基、異戊基、第三戊基、己基、2-己基、3-己基、環己基、1-甲基環己基、庚基、2-庚基、3-庚基、異庚基、第三庚基、1-辛基、異辛基、第三辛基、2-乙基己基、壬基、異壬基、癸基、十二烷基、十三烷基、十四烷基、十五烷基、十六烷基、十七烷基、十八烷基等烷基,苯基、萘基、2-甲基苯基、3-甲基苯基、4-甲基苯基、4-乙烯基苯基、3-異丙基苯基、4-異丙基苯基、4-丁基苯基、4-異丁基苯基、4-第三丁基苯基、4-己基苯基、4-環己基苯基、4-辛基苯基、4-(2-乙基己基)苯基、4-硬脂基苯基、2,3-二甲基苯基、2,4-二甲基苯基、2,5-二甲基苯基、2,6-二甲基苯基、3,4-二甲基苯基、3,5-二甲基苯基、2,4-二第三丁基苯基、環
己基苯基等芳基,苄基、苯乙基、2-苯基丙烷-2-基、二苯基甲基、三苯基甲基、苯乙烯基、苯烯丙基等芳烷基等經醚鍵、硫醚鍵等中斷者;例如,2-甲氧基乙基、3-甲氧基丙基、4-甲氧基丁基、2-丁氧基乙基、甲氧基乙氧基乙基、甲氧基乙氧基乙氧基乙基、3-甲氧基丁基、2-苯氧基乙基、3-苯氧基丙基、2-甲基硫乙基、2-苯基硫乙基等。
作為上述通式(1)中之Anq-所表示之陰離子,例如可列舉有機磺酸根陰離子。所謂有機磺酸根陰離子,為具有有機基之磺酸根陰離子,作為該有機基,例如可列舉:甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基、環己基等烷基;苯基、萘基等芳基;噻吩基、吡咯基等雜環基等。
上述烷基、芳基及雜環基亦可經鹵素原子、羧酸基、羥基、烷基、烷氧基等取代。又,上述有機磺酸根陰離子可為一價,可為二價,亦可為三價。
作為一價有機磺酸根陰離子,可列舉:甲磺酸根陰離子、十二烷基磺酸根陰離子、苯磺酸根陰離子、甲苯磺酸根陰離子、三氟甲磺酸根陰離子、萘磺酸根陰離子、二苯胺-4-磺酸根陰離子、2-胺基-4-甲基-5-氯苯磺酸根陰離子、2-胺基-5-硝基苯磺酸根陰離子、日本專利特開平10-235999號公報、日本專利特開平10-337959號公報、日本專利特開平11-102088號公報、日本專利特開2000-108510號公報、日本專利特開2000-168223號公報、日本專利特開2001-209969號公報、日本專利特開2001-322354號公報、日本專利特開2006-248180號公報、日本專利特開2006-297907號公報、日本專利特開平8-253705號公報、日本專利特表2004-503379號公報、日本專利特開2005-336150號公報、國際公開2006/28006號公報等中記載之磺酸根陰離子等有機磺酸根陰離子等;作為二價有機磺酸根陰離子,例如可列舉:苯二磺酸根陰離子、萘二磺酸根陰離子、萘-1,5-二磺酸根陰離子、9,10-二
乙氧基蒽-2,6-磺酸根陰離子、二氟甲磺酸根陰離子、四氟乙烷二磺酸根陰離子等;作為三價有機磺酸根陰離子,可列舉:萘-1,3,6-三磺酸根陰離子、三氟乙烷三磺酸根陰離子等。
另外,作為一價陰離子,可列舉:氯陰離子、溴陰離子、碘陰離子、氟陰離子等鹵素陰離子;過氯酸根陰離子、氯酸根陰離子、硫氰酸根陰離子、六氟化磷酸根陰離子、六氟化銻陰離子、四氟化硼陰離子、硝酸根陰離子、四氰基硼陰離子等無機系陰離子;辛基磷酸根陰離子、十二烷基磷酸根陰離子、十八烷基磷酸根陰離子、苯基磷酸根陰離子、壬基苯基磷酸根陰離子、2,2'-亞甲基雙(4,6-二第三丁基苯基)膦酸根陰離子等有機磷酸系陰離子;雙(三氟甲磺醯基)醯亞胺酸根陰離子、雙全氟丁磺醯基醯亞胺陰離子、全氟-4-乙基環己磺酸酯陰離子、四(五氟苯基)硼酸根陰離子、三(氟烷基磺醯基)碳陰離子、二苯甲醯酒石酸根陰離子等。
作為上述通式(1)中之Q所表示之構成碳原子數1~9之次甲基鏈且可於鏈中含有環結構之連結基,由於上述(Q-1)~(Q-11)中之任一者所表示之基容易製造上述通式(1)所表示之化合物,故而較佳。於碳原子數1~9之次甲基鏈之碳原子數中,不包含進一步取代次甲基鏈或次甲基鏈中所含之環結構之基的碳原子(例如,連結基(Q-1)~(Q-11)中之兩末端之碳原子,於Z'或R14~R19含有碳原子之情形時為該碳原子)。又,就容易製造且吸收波長較佳之方面而言,較佳為Q為上述(Q-1)、(Q-2)、(Q-6)或(Q-9)所表示之基的化合物。
作為上述R14、R15、R16、R17、R18、R19及Z'所表示之鹵素原子、芳基、芳烷基或烷基,可列舉R1等之說明中所例示者,作為R及R'所表示之芳基、芳烷基或烷基,可列舉R1等之說明中所例示者。
又,於上述通式(1)所表示之化合物中,較佳為具有1或2個選自上述(a)~(e)、(h)~(m)、(a')~(e')或(h')~(m')中之基之化合物。
進而,A為選自上述(a)或(h)~(k)中之基,A'為選自上述(a')或(h')~(k')中之基,Q表示構成碳原子數1、3、5或7之次甲基鏈且可於鏈中含有環結構之連結基,該次甲基鏈中之氫原子亦可經羥基、鹵素原子、氰基、-NRR'、芳基、芳烷基或烷基取代,該-NRR'、芳基、芳烷基及烷基可進一步經羥基、鹵素原子、氰基或NRR'取代,亦可經-O-、-S-、-CO-、-COO-、-OCO-、-SO2-、-NH-、-CONH-、-NHCO-、-N=CH-或-CH=CH-中斷,更佳為R及R'為表示芳基、芳烷基或烷基之基的化合物。
Y、Y'及Y2所表示之基為經羧酸基、磺酸基、磷酸基或者SiR6R7R8取代之碳原子數1~20之烷基、碳原子數6~30之芳基或者碳原子數7~30之芳烷基的化合物由於對載體之吸附性較高,故而較佳。尤其是Y及/或Y'所表示之基為經1或2個以上之羧酸基取代之碳原子數1~20之烷基、碳原子數6~30之芳基或者碳原子數7~30之芳烷基的化合物較佳,特佳為經1或2個以上之羧酸基取代之碳原子數1~20之烷基的化合物,尤佳為經1或2個以上之羧酸基取代之碳原子數1~5之烷基。
作為上述通式(1)所表示之化合物之陽離子之具體例,可列舉以下之No.1~97,但並不限定於該等,例如可較佳地使用日本專利特開2008-274230號公報、日本專利特開2010-157373號公報、國際公開WO2010/038589號等中記載之花青色素。再者,式中Me表示甲基,Et表示乙基,Ph表示苯基。
作為除上述通式(1)所表示之化合物以外而可用作色素13之化合物,可列舉上述通式(1)以外之色素化合物(以下,稱為其他有機色素)及有機金屬錯合物化合物,較佳為具有可吸附於金屬氧化物半導體層12(載體)之基的色素。作為可吸附於金屬氧化物半導體層12(載體)之基,可列舉上述羧酸基、磺酸基、磷酸基、SiR6R7R8等。
作為其他有機色素,可列舉:曙紅(eosin)Y、二溴螢光素、螢光素、玫瑰紅B、五倍子酚、二氯螢光素、Erythrosine B(Erythrosine為註冊商標)、二氫螢光黃、汞溴紅、部花青雙偶氮系色素、三偶氮系色素、蒽醌系色素、多環醌系色素、靛藍系色素、二苯基甲烷系色素、三甲基甲烷系色素、喹啉系色素、二苯甲酮系色素、萘醌系色素、苝系色素、茀酮系色素、方酸系色素、薁鎓系色素、花系色素、喹吖啶酮系色素、無金屬酞菁系色素、無金屬卟啉系色素或無金屬氮雜卟啉系色素等。
作為有機金屬錯合物化合物,可列舉:具有由位於芳香族雜環內之氮陰離子與金屬陽離子形成之離子性配位鍵、以及形成於氮原子或硫族元素原子與金屬陽離子之間之非離子性配位鍵兩者的有機金屬錯合物化合物,或具有由氧陰離子或硫陰離子及金屬陽離子形成之離子性配位鍵、以及形成於氮原子或硫族元素原子及金屬陽離子之間之非離子性配位鍵兩者的有機金屬錯合物化合物等。具體可列舉:酞菁銅、酞菁鈦、酞菁鈷、酞菁鎳、酞菁鐵等金屬酞菁系色素、金屬萘酚
菁系色素、金屬卟啉系色素、金屬氮雜卟啉系色素以及使用釕、鐵、鋨之聯吡啶金屬錯合物、三聯吡啶金屬錯合物、啡啉金屬錯合物、二喹啉甲酸金屬錯合物、偶氮金屬錯合物或者羥喹啉金屬錯合物等釕錯合物等。
於本發明中所使用之色素13中,花青色素之比率通常以10質量%以上使用,較佳為30質量%以上,進而較佳為40質量%以上。
又,色素13除含上述色素以外,亦可含有1種或2種以上之添加劑。作為該添加劑,例如可列舉抑制色素中之化合物之聚集之聚集抑制劑,具體而言為化學式(13)所表示之膽酸系化合物等。該等可單獨使用,亦可混合複數種而使用。
(式中,R91為具有酸性基或烷氧基矽烷基之烷基。R92表示鍵結於構成化學式中之類固醇骨架之碳原子中之任一者的基,為羥基、鹵素基、烷基、烷氧基、芳基、雜環基、醯基、醯氧基、氧基羰基、側氧基、酸性基或烷氧基矽烷基或者該等之衍生物,該等可相同亦可不同。t為1以上且5以下之整數。構成化學式中之類固醇骨架之碳原子與碳原子之間之鍵可為單鍵,亦可為雙鍵)
對向電極20例如為於導電性基板21設置有導電層22者,對於外部電路係作為正極發揮功能者。作為導電性基板21之材料,例如可列舉與工作電極10之導電性基板11之基板11A之材料相同者。導電層22包含1種或2種以上之導電材料、及視需要之黏結材料而構成。作為用
於導電層22之導電材料,例如可列舉:鉑、金、銀、銅(Cu)、銠(Rh)、釕(Ru)、鋁(Al)、鎂(Mg)或銦(In)等金屬、碳(C)、或者導電性高分子等。又,作為用於導電層22之黏結材料,例如可列舉:丙烯酸系樹脂、聚酯樹脂、酚樹脂、環氧樹脂、纖維素、三聚氰胺樹脂、氟彈性體或聚醯亞胺樹脂等。再者,對向電極20例如亦可為導電層22之單層構造。
本發明所使用之含電解質層30包含具有鈷系氧化還原對之氧化還原電解質而構成。作為鈷系氧化還原對,可列舉二價及三價之鈷錯合物之組合。
作為上述二價及三價之鈷錯合物之組合,可列舉下述通式(2)所表示之化合物。
[化5A][Co(L) n1 ]X n2 (2)
(式中,L表示單牙~三牙之配位子,n1表示2~6之整數,X表示使電荷中和需要抗衡離子之情形時之抗衡離子,n2表示使電荷保持中性之係數)
作為上述通式(2)中之L所表示之單牙~三牙之配位子,並無特別限定,可使用公知者,較佳為具有至少一種下述通式(L-1)~(L-6)中之任一者所表示之二牙或三牙之配位子。進而較佳為L為選自通式(L-1)~(L-6)所表示之二牙或三牙之配位子中之任1種或2種以上,尤佳為(L-1)、(L-2)或(L-4)。此外,作為L所表示之公知之配位子,可列舉鹵素原子等。
[化5B]
(式中,R21表示與上述R1相同之基,RN表示與上述Y相同之基,a表示0~4之整數,b表示0~3之整數,c表示0~2之整數)
上述通式(2)中之X為使電荷中和者,可為正離子,亦可為負離子。於為正離子之情形時,可列舉銨離子、鹼金屬離子、質子等,於為負離子之情形時,可列舉與上述An相同之基。於用於本發明之色素增感型太陽能電池之情形時,上述通式(2)中之X較佳為負離子,更佳為與花青色素之陰離子相同之陰離子。
關於二價與三價之鈷錯合物之組合,二價之鈷錯合物與三價之鈷錯合物之質量比並無限定,通常以前者:後者為100:100~100:1之範圍使用,較佳為100:50~100:5,更佳為100:35~100:8。
作為通式(2)所表示之鈷錯合物中之陽離子之具體例,可列舉以下之[化6]所表示之陽離子。然而,本發明中使用之鈷系電解質並不限定於該等。
[化6]
又,含電解質層30除含鈷系電解質以外,亦可於無損本發明之效果之範圍內含有其他電解質。作為其他電解質,例如可列舉:使碘化物鹽與碘單體組合而成者或使溴化物鹽與溴組合而成者等使鹵化物鹽與鹵素單體組合而成者、醌/對苯二酚系、硝醯自由基化合物系、
Cu錯合物系、硫醇鹽/二硫醚錯合物系等。作為該鹵化物鹽,可列舉:鹵化銫、鹵化四級烷基銨類、鹵化咪唑鎓類、鹵化噻唑鎓類、鹵化唑鎓類、鹵化喹啉鎓類或者鹵化吡啶鎓類等。具體而言,作為碘化物鹽,例如可列舉:碘化銫;碘化四乙基銨、碘化四丙基銨、碘化四丁基銨、碘化四戊基銨、碘化四己基銨、碘化四庚基銨或者碘化三甲基苯基銨等碘化四級烷基銨類;碘化3-甲基咪唑鎓或者碘化1-丙基-2,3-二甲基咪唑鎓等碘化咪唑鎓類;碘化3-乙基-2-甲基-2-噻唑鎓、碘化3-乙基-5-(2-羥基乙基)-4-甲基噻唑鎓或者碘化3-乙基-2-甲基苯并噻唑鎓等碘化噻唑鎓類;碘化3-乙基-2-甲基-苯并唑鎓等碘化唑鎓類;碘化1-乙基-2-甲基喹啉鎓等碘化喹啉鎓類、或者碘化吡啶鎓類等。又,作為溴化物鹽,例如可列舉溴化四級烷基銨等。
關於本發明之色素增感型太陽能電池,於含電解質層30所含有之電解質中鈷系電解質所占之比率較佳為30質量%以上,進而較佳為50質量%以上,尤佳為70質量%以上。又,關於含電解質層30所含有之電解質,選自醌/對苯二酚系電解質、(SCN)2/SCN-電解質、(SeCN)2/SeCN-電解質、鈷系電解質、及硝醯自由基化合物系電解質中之至少1種之電解質較佳為30質量%以上,進而較佳為50質量%以上,尤佳為70質量%以上。
於含電解質層30中,可使用使上述氧化還原電解質溶解於溶劑而成之液狀電解質(電解液),亦可使用使電解液保持於高分子物質中而成之固體高分子電解質。又,亦可使用將電解液與碳黑等粒子狀之碳材料混合而含有之類固體狀(糊狀)電解質。此種氧化還原電解質亦可含有離子性液體或有機溶劑。作為離子性液體,並無特別限定,可使用公知之離子性液體。作為有機溶劑,可列舉電化學惰性者,例如可列舉:乙腈、四氫呋喃、丙腈、丁腈、甲氧基乙腈、3-甲氧基丙腈、戊腈、碳酸二甲酯、碳酸甲酯乙酯、碳酸乙二酯、碳酸丙二酯、
N-甲基吡咯啶酮、戊醇、喹啉、N,N-二甲基甲醯胺、γ-丁內酯、二甲基亞碸、碳酸丙二酯或1,4-二烷等。離子性液體及有機溶劑可同時使用,亦可分別使用複數種。
又,為了提高色素增感型太陽能電池之發電效率、提高耐久性等,亦可對含電解質層30添加非圓環狀糖類(日本專利特開2005-093313號公報)、吡啶系化合物(日本專利特開2003-331936號公報)、脲衍生物(日本專利特開2003-168493號公報)等。
關於該色素增感型太陽能電池,若對擔載於工作電極10之色素13照射光(太陽光或與太陽光同等之紫外光、可見光或者近紅外光),則吸收該光而激發之色素13將電子注入至金屬氧化物半導體層12。該電子移動至所鄰接之導電層11B後,經由外部電路,到達對向電極20。另一方面,於含電解質層30中,電解質以隨著電子之移動而使被氧化之色素13恢復(還原)至基態之方式被氧化。該被氧化之電解質藉由接收上述電子而被還原。如此,反覆進行於工作電極10及對向電極20之間之電子移動、及伴隨於此之含電解質層30中之氧化還原反應。藉此,產生連續之電子之移動,穩定地進行光電轉換。
本發明之色素增感型太陽能電池例如可如以下般進行製造。
首先,製作工作電極10。首先,於導電性基板11之形成有導電層11B之面藉由電解析出法或焙燒法形成具有多孔質構造之金屬氧化物半導體層12。於藉由電解析出法形成之情形時,例如對包含成為金屬氧化物半導體材料之金屬鹽之電解浴一面進行利用氧氣或空氣之起泡,一面設為特定之溫度,將導電性基板11浸漬於其中,於與相對電極之間施加一定之電壓。藉此,於導電層11B上,使金屬氧化物半導體材料以具有多孔質構造之方式析出。此時,亦可使相對電極於電解浴中適當移動。又,於藉由焙燒法形成之情形時,例如將藉由使金屬氧化物半導體材料之粉末分散於分散介質中而製備之金屬氧化物漿料
塗佈於導電性基板11並進行乾燥後,進行焙燒而使其具有多孔質構造。繼而,製備於有機溶劑中溶解有包含花青色素之色素13之色素溶液。藉由將形成有金屬氧化物半導體層12之導電性基板11浸漬於該色素溶液中,使色素13擔載於金屬氧化物半導體層12。
上述色素溶液中之色素13之濃度較佳為1.0×10-5~1.0×10-3mol/dm3,更佳為5.0×10-5~5.0×10-4mol/dm3。用於上述色素溶液之有機溶劑只要為可使色素13溶解者,則並無特別限制,作為具體例,可列舉:甲苯、苯、二甲苯等烴類;甲醇、乙醇、第三丁醇等醇類;甲基溶纖素、乙基溶纖素、丁基溶纖素、二乙二醇丁醚等醚醇類;丙酮、甲基乙基酮、甲基異丁基酮、環己酮、二丙酮醇等酮類;乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯、乙酸甲氧基乙酯等酯類;丙烯酸乙酯、丙烯酸丁酯等丙烯酸酯類;2,2,3,3-四氟丙醇等氟代醇類;二氯甲烷、二氯乙烷、氯仿等氯化烴類;乙腈、四氫呋喃等,亦可將該等有機溶劑任意地混合。可較佳地列舉醇類。
其次,藉由於導電性基板21之單面形成導電層22,製作對向電極20。導電層22例如藉由將導電材料濺鍍而形成。
最後,將工作電極10之擔載有色素13之面、及對向電極20之形成有導電層22之面以保持特定之間隔且對向之方式經由密封劑等間隔劑(未圖示)而貼合,例如除電解質之注入口以外將整個密封。繼而,藉由於工作電極10與對向電極20之間注入電解液後將注入口密封,而形成含電解質層30。藉此,完成圖1及圖2所示之色素增感型太陽能電池100。
以下,列舉實施例及比較例,詳細地說明本發明,但本發明並不限定於該等。
其次,按照以下之順序,製作上述實施形態中說明之色素增感
型太陽能電池100。
準備包含長2.0cm×寬1.5cm×厚1.1mm之導電性玻璃基板(F-SnO2)之導電性基板11。繼而,以包圍長0.5cm×寬0.5cm之四邊形之方式於導電性基板11貼合厚度70μm之遮蔽帶,將金屬氧化物漿料以成為均勻厚度之方式於該四邊形之部分塗佈3cm3,並進行乾燥。作為金屬氧化物漿料,使用將氧化鈦粉末(TiO2,Solaronix公司製造之Ti-NanoxideD)以成為10重量%之方式懸浮於水中而成者。繼而,剝離導電性基板11上之遮蔽帶,將該基板藉由電爐以450℃進行焙燒,形成厚度為約5μm之金屬氧化物半導體層12。
藉由與上述氧化鈦載體相同之方法,形成以氧化鋅作為載體之導電性基板11,該導電性基板係將氧化鋅粉末(平均粒徑20nm,堺化學工業公司製造之FINEX-50)代替氧化鈦粉末製成金屬漿料而製作。
將[表1]中記載之色素以成為3×10-4mol/dm3之濃度之方式溶解於乙醇,製備色素溶液。繼而,將預先製成之具有金屬氧化物半導體層12之導電性基板11浸漬於上述色素溶液,製作擔載有色素13之工作電極10。再者,於併用花青色素與其他色素之情形時,以各色素濃度成為3×10-4mol/dm3之方式溶解而製作。
如圖1所示,使所製作之工作電極10、及將石墨微粒子(導電層22)塗佈於作為導電性基板21之ITO電極(西野田電工股份有限公司製造)上而製作之對向電極20介隔間隔劑(63μm)而對向,於該等之間配設含電解質層30,利用夾具將該等固定,使含電解質層30浸透[表1]中記載之電解液,製作色素增感型太陽能電池。利用開口部1cm2之
掩膜覆蓋電池上部,利用AM-1.5G、100mW/cm2之太陽模擬器進行測定。將結果示於[表1]。
以表2中記載之組成比,將二價之鈷錯合物(0.22mol/dm3)、三價之鈷錯合物(0.022mol/dm3)、過氯酸鋰(0.1mol/dm3)以分別成為特定濃度之方式混合於溶劑而成者。
將4-第三丁基吡啶(0.5mol/dm3)、碘化鋰(0.5mol/dm3)、碘(0.05mol/dm3)以分別成為特定之濃度之方式混合於乙腈而成者。
Claims (5)
- 一種色素增感型太陽能電池,其特徵在於:其係包含於金屬氧化物層擔載有色素之色素擔載金屬氧化物電極之工作電極與對向電極介隔電解質層而對向者,且色素為含有花青色素者,電解質層中之電解質含有鈷系電解質。
- 如請求項1之色素增感型太陽能電池,其中花青色素為下述通式(1)所表示之化合物中之至少1種,A-Q-A' (1) pAnq-(式中,A表示選自下述群I之(a)~(m)中之基,A'表示選自下述群II之(a')~(m')中之基,Q表示構成碳原子數1~9之次甲基鏈且可於鏈中含有環結構之連結基,該次甲基鏈中之氫原子亦可經羥基、鹵素原子、氰基、-NRR'、芳基、芳烷基或烷基取代,該-NRR'、芳基、芳烷基及烷基可進一步經羥基、鹵素原子、氰基或NRR'取代,亦可經-O-、-S-、-CO-、-COO-、-OCO-、-SO2-、-NH-、-CONH-、-NHCO-、-N=CH-或-CH=CH-中斷,R及R'表示芳基、芳烷基或烷基,Anq-表示q價之陰離子,q表示1或2,p表示使電荷保持中性之係數)
- 如請求項2之色素增感型太陽能電池,其中上述通式(1)所表示之化合物為上述Q由下述(Q-1)~(Q-11)中任一者所表示之化合物,
- 如請求項2之色素增感型太陽能電池,其中上述通式(1)所表示之化合物為具有1或2個選自上述(a)~(e)、(h)~(m)、(a')~(e')或(h')~(m')中之基者。
- 如請求項2之色素增感型太陽能電池,其中上述通式(1)所表示之化合物為如下者:A為選自上述(a)或(h)~(k)中之基,A'為選自上述(a')或(h')~(k')中之基,Q表示構成碳原子數1、3、5或7之次甲基鏈且可於鏈中含有環結構之連結基,該次甲基鏈中之氫原子亦可經羥基、鹵素原子、氰基、-NRR'、芳基、芳烷基或烷基取代,該-NRR'、芳 基、芳烷基及烷基可進一步經羥基、鹵素原子、氰基或NRR'取代,亦可經-O-、-S-、-CO-、-COO-、-OCO-、-SO2-、-NH-、-CONH-、-NHCO-、-N=CH-或-CH=CH-中斷,R及R'為表示芳基、芳烷基或烷基之基。
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2013177768 | 2013-08-29 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
TW201513437A true TW201513437A (zh) | 2015-04-01 |
TWI623125B TWI623125B (zh) | 2018-05-01 |
Family
ID=52586340
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
TW103128337A TWI623125B (zh) | 2013-08-29 | 2014-08-18 | Pigment-sensitized solar cell |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US9881745B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP3041008A4 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP6391577B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR20160048039A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN105340037B (zh) |
TW (1) | TWI623125B (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2015029771A1 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US10653183B2 (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2020-05-19 | Rai Strategic Holdings, Inc. | Power source for an aerosol delivery device |
CN111192761A (zh) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-05-22 | 中北大学 | 一种长时态半透明柔性染料敏化太阳能电池及其制备方法 |
CN116715976A (zh) * | 2023-05-18 | 2023-09-08 | 大连理工大学 | 一类含手性碳的五甲川菁染料及其制备方法和应用 |
Family Cites Families (27)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5541235A (en) | 1995-03-06 | 1996-07-30 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Organic soluble cationic dyes with fluorinated alkylsulfonyl counterions |
JP3636857B2 (ja) | 1997-02-21 | 2005-04-06 | 富士写真フイルム株式会社 | 光情報記録媒体 |
JPH10337959A (ja) | 1997-04-10 | 1998-12-22 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | 光記録媒体 |
JPH11102088A (ja) | 1997-09-26 | 1999-04-13 | Orient Chem Ind Ltd | 荷電制御剤及び静電荷像現像用トナー |
JP4090127B2 (ja) | 1998-10-01 | 2008-05-28 | 株式会社Adeka | 光学記録材料 |
JP2000168223A (ja) | 1998-12-02 | 2000-06-20 | Nishikawa:Kk | 潜在情報を媒体に印刷する方法 |
JP4076308B2 (ja) | 2000-01-26 | 2008-04-16 | 株式会社Adeka | 光学記録材料 |
JP4265721B2 (ja) | 2000-05-16 | 2009-05-20 | 株式会社Adeka | 光学記録材料 |
EP1301275A1 (fr) | 2000-07-13 | 2003-04-16 | Rhodia Chimie | Composition et compose a base de sel(s) de metaux et d'acide presentant un groupe sulfonyle porte par un carbone perhalogene et leur utilisation comme acide de lewis |
JP4095289B2 (ja) | 2001-11-30 | 2008-06-04 | Tdk株式会社 | 色素増感型太陽電池 |
JP4019139B2 (ja) | 2002-05-13 | 2007-12-12 | 独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所 | 2−n−プロピルピリジンを含む電解質溶液を用いた光電変換素子及びそれを用いた色素増感型太陽電池 |
JP2005093313A (ja) | 2003-09-19 | 2005-04-07 | Toyo Ink Mfg Co Ltd | 色素増感型光電変換素子用電解質組成物、それを用いた光電変換素子。 |
JP2005336150A (ja) | 2003-11-10 | 2005-12-08 | Nippon Kayaku Co Ltd | ジイモニウム化合物及びその用途 |
JP4776182B2 (ja) | 2004-06-08 | 2011-09-21 | 旭化成株式会社 | 色素増感型太陽電池 |
WO2006028006A1 (ja) | 2004-09-06 | 2006-03-16 | Nippon Kayaku Kabushiki Kaisha | ジイモニウム化合物及びその用途 |
JP5172097B2 (ja) | 2005-02-28 | 2013-03-27 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 平版印刷版原版および平版印刷版原版の製造方法 |
JP4657768B2 (ja) | 2005-03-14 | 2011-03-23 | 山本化成株式会社 | トリメチン系化合物及びこれを用いた光記録媒体 |
JP5475244B2 (ja) * | 2007-03-30 | 2014-04-16 | 株式会社Adeka | シアニン化合物、該化合物を用いた光学フィルター及び光学記録材料 |
US7943849B2 (en) | 2007-03-30 | 2011-05-17 | Tdk Corporation | Photoelectric conversion device |
CN102187513B (zh) * | 2008-09-30 | 2014-04-02 | Tdk株式会社 | 光电转换元件用色素及光电转换元件 |
JP5250412B2 (ja) * | 2008-12-26 | 2013-07-31 | Tdk株式会社 | 光電変換素子用色素および光電変換素子 |
JP6092787B2 (ja) * | 2011-02-25 | 2017-03-08 | エコール ポリテクニーク フェデラル ドゥ ローザンヌ(エーペーエフエル) | 電気化学及び光電子装置用の改良された酸化還元対 |
JP5301749B2 (ja) * | 2011-03-28 | 2013-09-25 | 積水化学工業株式会社 | 光電極、及び該光電極を備えた色素増感太陽電池 |
JP5609800B2 (ja) | 2011-07-19 | 2014-10-22 | 住友金属鉱山株式会社 | 色素増感型太陽電池 |
JP5744691B2 (ja) | 2011-09-30 | 2015-07-08 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 光電変換素子及びこれを用いた光電気化学電池 |
JP2014078472A (ja) | 2012-10-12 | 2014-05-01 | Nec Corp | 光電変換素子 |
JP2014127252A (ja) | 2012-12-25 | 2014-07-07 | Nec Corp | 光電変換素子及びその製造方法 |
-
2014
- 2014-08-12 EP EP14839829.0A patent/EP3041008A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2014-08-12 JP JP2015534132A patent/JP6391577B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2014-08-12 CN CN201480035582.5A patent/CN105340037B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2014-08-12 WO PCT/JP2014/071285 patent/WO2015029771A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2014-08-12 KR KR1020157036230A patent/KR20160048039A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2014-08-12 US US14/899,129 patent/US9881745B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2014-08-18 TW TW103128337A patent/TWI623125B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP3041008A4 (en) | 2017-04-19 |
CN105340037A (zh) | 2016-02-17 |
TWI623125B (zh) | 2018-05-01 |
JP6391577B2 (ja) | 2018-09-19 |
JPWO2015029771A1 (ja) | 2017-03-02 |
WO2015029771A1 (ja) | 2015-03-05 |
US9881745B2 (en) | 2018-01-30 |
KR20160048039A (ko) | 2016-05-03 |
EP3041008A1 (en) | 2016-07-06 |
CN105340037B (zh) | 2018-04-27 |
US20160148758A1 (en) | 2016-05-26 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
Hua et al. | New phenothiazine-based dyes for efficient dye-sensitized solar cells: Positioning effect of a donor group on the cell performance | |
Nazeeruddin et al. | Combined experimental and DFT-TDDFT computational study of photoelectrochemical cell ruthenium sensitizers | |
Klahr et al. | Performance enhancement and limitations of cobalt bipyridyl redox shuttles in dye-sensitized solar cells | |
Lin et al. | Efficient organic DSSC sensitizers bearing an electron-deficient pyrimidine as an effective π-spacer | |
JP5782349B2 (ja) | 光電変換素子及び光電気化学電池、これらに用いられる色素 | |
Cariello et al. | An investigation of the role increasing π-conjugation has on the efficiency of dye-sensitized solar cells fabricated from ferrocene-based dyes | |
CN102265454B (zh) | 光电转换元件用色素及光电转换元件 | |
Cho et al. | Molecular design of donor–acceptor-type cruciform dyes for efficient dyes-sensitized solar cells | |
Abdellah et al. | Visible light photoredox catalysis for the synthesis of new chromophores as co-sensitizers with benchmark N719 for highly efficient DSSCs | |
Haishima et al. | Wide-range near-infrared sensitizing 1 H-benzo [c, d] indol-2-ylidene-Based squaraine dyes for dye-sensitized solar cells | |
CN102187513B (zh) | 光电转换元件用色素及光电转换元件 | |
TWI598354B (zh) | Novel compounds and supports carrying the novel compounds | |
TWI623125B (zh) | Pigment-sensitized solar cell | |
TW201333121A (zh) | 染料敏化太陽能電池 | |
TWI485205B (zh) | 光電轉換元件及光電轉換元件用色素、與化合物 | |
TWI592410B (zh) | Novel compounds and supports carrying the novel compounds | |
TW201547038A (zh) | 承載方法、承載體及光電轉換元件 | |
TW201638234A (zh) | 光電轉換元件、色素增感太陽電池、釕錯合物色素及色素溶液 | |
TW201533174A (zh) | 擔載體及光電轉換元件 | |
Vats | Investigation of NIR Dyes with Varying Anchoring Groups Aiming Towards Improved Stability and Efficiency by Rational Molecular Design | |
Harle | Streptocyanine Dyes for Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells: Design, Syntheses, Optoelectronic Characterizations and Persistence at the Electrolyte/Dye/TiO2 Interface | |
TW201627411A (zh) | 化合物、擔載體及光電轉換元件 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
MM4A | Annulment or lapse of patent due to non-payment of fees |