TW201007943A - Metal gate structure and method of manufacturing same - Google Patents
Metal gate structure and method of manufacturing same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TW201007943A TW201007943A TW098116392A TW98116392A TW201007943A TW 201007943 A TW201007943 A TW 201007943A TW 098116392 A TW098116392 A TW 098116392A TW 98116392 A TW98116392 A TW 98116392A TW 201007943 A TW201007943 A TW 201007943A
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- gate
- metal
- sacrificial
- layer
- cap layer
- Prior art date
Links
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 95
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- NXHILIPIEUBEPD-UHFFFAOYSA-H tungsten hexafluoride Chemical compound F[W](F)(F)(F)(F)F NXHILIPIEUBEPD-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 5
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium nitride Chemical compound [Ti]#N NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- NFFIWVVINABMKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylidynetantalum Chemical compound [Ta]#C NFFIWVVINABMKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910003468 tantalcarbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- MZLGASXMSKOWSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum nitride Chemical compound [Ta]#N MZLGASXMSKOWSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims 4
- 229910000449 hafnium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 3
- WIHZLLGSGQNAGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium(4+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Hf+4] WIHZLLGSGQNAGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000006172 buffering agent Substances 0.000 claims 2
- DDFHBQSCUXNBSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(5-carboxythiophen-2-yl)thiophene-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound S1C(C(=O)O)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)S1 DDFHBQSCUXNBSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012777 electrically insulating material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 4
- -1 etc. Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052770 Uranium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N uranium(0) Chemical compound [U] JFALSRSLKYAFGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N Deuterium Chemical compound [2H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000000231 atomic layer deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052805 deuterium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- WGTYBPLFGIVFAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetramethylammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].C[N+](C)(C)C WGTYBPLFGIVFAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- KLZUFWVZNOTSEM-UHFFFAOYSA-K Aluminium flouride Chemical compound F[Al](F)F KLZUFWVZNOTSEM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- YAJPUARGFYCJEN-UHFFFAOYSA-L difluoroalumanylium Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Al+3] YAJPUARGFYCJEN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004377 microelectronic Methods 0.000 description 1
- SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoyttriooxy)yttrium Chemical compound O=[Y]O[Y]=O SIWVEOZUMHYXCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/28—Manufacture of electrodes on semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/268
- H01L21/28008—Making conductor-insulator-semiconductor electrodes
- H01L21/28017—Making conductor-insulator-semiconductor electrodes the insulator being formed after the semiconductor body, the semiconductor being silicon
- H01L21/28026—Making conductor-insulator-semiconductor electrodes the insulator being formed after the semiconductor body, the semiconductor being silicon characterised by the conductor
- H01L21/28088—Making conductor-insulator-semiconductor electrodes the insulator being formed after the semiconductor body, the semiconductor being silicon characterised by the conductor the final conductor layer next to the insulator being a composite, e.g. TiN
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/28—Manufacture of electrodes on semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/268
- H01L21/28008—Making conductor-insulator-semiconductor electrodes
- H01L21/28017—Making conductor-insulator-semiconductor electrodes the insulator being formed after the semiconductor body, the semiconductor being silicon
- H01L21/28026—Making conductor-insulator-semiconductor electrodes the insulator being formed after the semiconductor body, the semiconductor being silicon characterised by the conductor
- H01L21/28079—Making conductor-insulator-semiconductor electrodes the insulator being formed after the semiconductor body, the semiconductor being silicon characterised by the conductor the final conductor layer next to the insulator being a single metal, e.g. Ta, W, Mo, Al
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/71—Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
- H01L21/768—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics
- H01L21/76801—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the dielectrics, e.g. smoothing
- H01L21/76829—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the dielectrics, e.g. smoothing characterised by the formation of thin functional dielectric layers, e.g. dielectric etch-stop, barrier, capping or liner layers
- H01L21/76834—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the dielectrics, e.g. smoothing characterised by the formation of thin functional dielectric layers, e.g. dielectric etch-stop, barrier, capping or liner layers formation of thin insulating films on the sidewalls or on top of conductors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/71—Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
- H01L21/768—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics
- H01L21/76897—Formation of self-aligned vias or contact plugs, i.e. involving a lithographically uncritical step
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/40—Electrodes ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/43—Electrodes ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the materials of which they are formed
- H01L29/49—Metal-insulator-semiconductor electrodes, e.g. gates of MOSFET
- H01L29/495—Metal-insulator-semiconductor electrodes, e.g. gates of MOSFET the conductor material next to the insulator being a simple metal, e.g. W, Mo
- H01L29/4958—Metal-insulator-semiconductor electrodes, e.g. gates of MOSFET the conductor material next to the insulator being a simple metal, e.g. W, Mo with a multiple layer structure
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/40—Electrodes ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/43—Electrodes ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the materials of which they are formed
- H01L29/49—Metal-insulator-semiconductor electrodes, e.g. gates of MOSFET
- H01L29/4966—Metal-insulator-semiconductor electrodes, e.g. gates of MOSFET the conductor material next to the insulator being a composite material, e.g. organic material, TiN, MoSi2
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L29/00—Semiconductor devices specially adapted for rectifying, amplifying, oscillating or switching and having potential barriers; Capacitors or resistors having potential barriers, e.g. a PN-junction depletion layer or carrier concentration layer; Details of semiconductor bodies or of electrodes thereof ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/40—Electrodes ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor
- H01L29/43—Electrodes ; Multistep manufacturing processes therefor characterised by the materials of which they are formed
- H01L29/49—Metal-insulator-semiconductor electrodes, e.g. gates of MOSFET
- H01L29/51—Insulating materials associated therewith
- H01L29/517—Insulating materials associated therewith the insulating material comprising a metallic compound, e.g. metal oxide, metal silicate
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Electrodes Of Semiconductors (AREA)
- Insulated Gate Type Field-Effect Transistor (AREA)
- Thin Film Transistor (AREA)
- Metal-Oxide And Bipolar Metal-Oxide Semiconductor Integrated Circuits (AREA)
Description
201007943 六、發明說明: 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明之揭示實施例大致關係於用於微電子裝置的金 屬閘極結構,尤其關係於此閘極結構的保護鈾刻停止層。 【先前技術】 場效電晶體(FET )包含源極、汲極與閘極端,這些 φ 係相關聯於一本體端。爲了在電晶體內提供必要電連接, 接觸結構必須形成,以將各種終端連接在該電晶體內外的 其他結構。當間距縮小持續進行以增加在電腦晶片上之電 晶體的封裝密度,可用以形成此等電接觸之空間迅速減少 〇 在一FET架構中,源極及汲極端係位於本體內及閘極 係位於該主體上,使得爲了形成與源極/汲極端的電連接 ,源極/汲極接觸必須靠在閘極旁通過。假定現存間距縮 9 小持續進行,及在現行電晶體製造技術下的對準與臨限尺 寸(CD )控制的限制,則在源極/汲極端與閘極間產生不 想要的電連接(短路)將很快變得無法避免。 【發明內容與實施方式】 所揭示實施例將由以下詳細說明,配合上附圖加以了 解。 爲了簡明顯示,所示圖式只顯示結構的大略方式,已 知特性與技術的說明與細節可以被省略,以避免不必要地 -5- 201007943 阻礙本發明所述實施例的討論。另外,在圖式中之元件並 不必然依比例規格繪製。例如,在圖中之部份元件之尺寸 可能相對於其他元件被誇大,以協助對本發明實施例之了 解。在不同圖式中之相同元件符號表示相同元件,而類似 元件符號可以但並不必然表示類似元件。 發明說明與申請專利範圍.中之用語“第一”、“第二”、 “第三”、“第四”等等(如有的話)係用以區分類似元件並 不必然描述特定順序或時間上之順序。可以了解的是,如 @ 此使用的用語在適當環境下係可互換的,使得於此所述之 本發明實施例能例如在於此所示或所描述以外的順序操作 。同樣地,如果於此所述之方法包含一連串的步驟,於此 所述步驟之順序並不必然爲可執行此等步驟的唯一順序, 且所述步驟的某些可能可以省略及/或某些於此未描述之 其他步驟可能可以加入該方法中。再者,用語“包含”、“ 包括”、“具有”及其任何變化係想要涵蓋非排它性的包含 ,使得包含一列元件之製程、方法、物件或設備並不必然 Θ 限定於這些元件,但可以包含其他未列出的元件,或製程 、方法、物件或設備所固有的元件。 在發明說明與申請專利範圍中之用語“左”、“右”、“ 前”、“後”、“上”、“下”、“之上”、“之下”等如果有的話係 用作說明目的並不必然用以描述永久之相對位置。應了解 的是,如此使用之用語在適當環境下係可互換的,使得於 此所述之本發明實施例能例如以於此所示或所描述以外之 取向加以操作。於此所用之用語“耦接”係界定爲以電或非 -6- 201007943 電方式直接或間接連接。只要文中所用之文句適當,於此 所述之物體“鄰近”彼此可以是彼此實體接觸、彼此相當接 近、或彼此在相同區域。於此所出現之“在一實施例”並不 必然表示同一實施例。 在本發明一實施例中,製造金屬閘極結構的方法包含 :提供其上形成有閘極介電層、功函數金屬鄰近該閘極介 電層、及閘極金屬鄰近該功函數金屬的基板;選擇地形成 • 犧牲蓋層對中於該閘極金屬之上;形成電絕緣層於該犧牲 蓋層之上,使得該電絕緣層至少部份包圍該犧牲蓋層;選 擇地移除該犧牲蓋層,以在該電絕緣層中,形成對準該閘 • 極金屬的溝渠;及以電絕緣材料塡入該溝渠,以形成對中 該閘極金屬之電絕緣蓋。 如上所述,依照爲了達成將伴隨未來製程技術的高電 晶體密度所需之積極間距縮小,預計源極/汲極對閘極的 接觸短路會愈來愈難以避免。在銅閘極電極上之自對準蓋 Φ 結構已經被明示並可提供此問題的部份解答,但對於閘極 尺寸小於35奈米(nm)並不認爲有效,因爲銅塡入製程在 這些尺寸下變成非常精密配合。 本發明實施例提供在鋁及其他金屬閘極電晶體上形成 自對準保護蓋的方法,甚至在低於35nm的閘極尺寸,因爲 閘極形成並不爲閘極電極塡入所限制。此保護蓋可以提供 接觸對準之強健邊際也允許接觸CD更大,藉以降低接觸電 阻。 現參考附圖,圖1爲依據本發明實施例之金屬閘極結 201007943 構100的剖面圖。如圖1所示,金屬閘極結構100包含基板 110、於基板110之上之閘極介電層120、鄰近閘極介電層 120的功函數金靥130、及鄰近功函數金屬130的閘極金屬 140。金屬閘極結構100更包含電絕緣蓋150 (其因爲只成 長於金屬閘極上所以對中且自對準於閘極金屬140)、一 電絕緣層160在該電絕緣蓋150之上並至少部份包圍該電絕 緣蓋150、間隔層170鄰近該閘極介電層120、及一介電材 料180 (例如層間介電層(ILD ),如第一層ILD ( ILDO ) φ )至少部份包圍間隔層170。電絕緣層160包含下部61及上 部 162。 例如,閘極金屬140可以爲金屬或金屬合金,例如鋁 . 、鎢、鈦-氮化物等等,或者任意金屬或合金(除了已列 出者之外),其將自已提供給原子層沈積(ALD )。應注 意的是’功函數金屬130以與作成閘極金屣140相同的材料 。另一例子,電絕緣蓋150可以包含氮化矽(Si3N4 )、碳 化矽(SiC )等等,或者任意非導電(介電)材料,其可 @ 以作爲在如下所討論之製造金屬閘極結構1〇〇時所用之特 定蝕刻化學品的蝕刻停止層者。 另一例子’閘極介電層120可以爲具有相當高介電常 數之材料。(傳統上’此材料稱爲“高_k材料”、“高_k介電 質”或類似物)。在過去寬泛用作爲閘極介電層的二氧化 砍(8丨〇2)具有約3.9的介電常數让(經常寫爲“1^,)。在本 文中所述之高-k材料表示具有介電常數顯著大於si〇2的介 電常數的材料。事實上,此等材料典型具有約8_1〇或更高 -8 - 201007943 的介電常數(雖然具有較該介電常數爲低者仍可能符合 高-k材料)。同樣地,於此稱“低-k”材料表示具有較Si〇2 的介電常數爲低之材料,例如具有低於約3.5的介電常數 材料。 另一例子,閘極介電層120也可以是給爲主、錆爲主 、或鈦爲主的介電材料,具有至少約20的介電常數。在一 特定實施例中,高-k材料可以爲氧化給或氧化銷、其兩者 9 具有於約20至約40間之介電常數。 另一例子中,電絕緣層160的下部161可以包含氧化矽 • 或另一介電材料。在某些實施例中,下部161爲低-k介電 , 材料。在某些實施例中,電絕緣層160的上部162包含與下 部161相同的介電材料,使得於下部161與上部162間之邊 界並不是立即可辨或整個消失。在其他實施例中,上部 162及下部161可以包含不同類型之電絕緣材料。 圖2顯示製造依據本發明實施例之金屬閘極結構的方 ® 法200之流程圖。例如,方法200可以造成具有自對準保護 蓋於鋁或其他閘極金屬上的電晶體,該保護蓋提供如於此 所述之優點。 方法2 00的步驟210提供其上形成有閘極介電層、鄰近 該閘極介電層之功函數金屬、鄰近該功函數金屬的閘極金 屬的基板。例如,基板、閘極介電層、功函數金屬、及閘 極金屬可以分別類似於圖1所示的基板110、閘極介電層 120、功函數金屬130、及閘極金屬140。在一部份的步驟 210中’或另一步驟中,間隔層可以形成在鄰近高-k閘極 -9- 201007943 介電層及ILD可以形成在鄰近該等間隔層。例如,間隔層 可以類似於間隔層170及ILD可以類似於介電材料180,兩 者均首先示於圖1。 在一實施例中,步驟210或下一步驟可以包含將閘極 金屬曝露至緩衝氫氟酸溶液或稀釋鹽酸溶液。例如,緩衝 氫氟酸溶液可以包含氫氟酸、去離子水、及緩衝劑,如氮 化銨等等。緩衝劑維持氫氟酸溶液於適當pH位準,其在至 少一實施例中爲4至6間之pH値。另一例子中,稀釋鹽酸溶 液可以包含1體積份鹽酸(2 9 %水溶液)及1 0體積份去離子 水。在一實施例中,閘極金屬係曝露至緩衝鹽酸溶液持續 約10至約60秒間之時間段。(更長的曝露時間可能開始蝕 刻或負面影響金屬閘極結構100的其他部份,例如ILD0 ) 〇 方法2 00的步驟22 0爲選擇地形成對中於閘極金屬之上 的犧牲蓋層。(如下所討論,用語“選擇形成’,及類似用語 表示製程’其允許第一材料予以形成在第二材料上或材料 類型上,但不在第三材料或材料類型上。)例如,犧牲蓋 層可以類似於首先示於圖3的犧牲蓋層310,圖3係爲金屬 閘極結構100在依據本發明實施例之製程中之特定點的剖 面圖。應注意的是’圖3表示金屬閘極結構100在較圖1爲 早之製程中一點。 例如’犧牲蓋層310可以包含鎢或另—材料,其可以 在閘極金屬140上形成自對準結構。以下所述的是—實施 例’其中犧牲蓋層310包含鎢及閘極金屬14〇包含銘。 201007943 化學氣相沈積-鎢(CVD-W )係爲各種應用的重要金 屬化技術。在超大級積體電路(ULSI )應用中,由於 CVD-W能在沒有孔隙下塡入高深寬比的結構中,所以其係 經常被用以塡入接觸導孔。CVD-W的另一態樣爲其能力, 在某些沈積條件下,能選擇地沈積至矽或其他金屬,而不 會沈積在Si02或其他絕緣體上。 本發明實施例利用此選擇性沈積能力以形成犧牲蓋層 參 3 1 0,自對準(即對中)於閘極金屬140的鋁。例如,在一 實施例中,鎢係使用CVD技術被選擇地沈積,其中高流率 (例如,約1托耳)氫(H2 )及低流率(例如,約3 0毫托 耳)六氟化鎢(WF6 )前驅物被引入至由約攝氏200 ( °C ) 至約300 °C的CVD室,以約5至10CVD循環。此實施例的化 學反應順序係顯示如下,其中A1爲鋁、A1F3爲三氟化鋁、 A1F2爲二氟化鋁、及HF爲氫氟酸。 φ WF6 + 2A1— W + A1F3 2A1F3- 3A1F2 (加熱至 300°C 以上)
WF6 + 3H2-> W + 6HF 在特定實施例中,步驟220的反應係被執行於約200°C 與約275 °C間之一溫度,以此範圍內的較低溫度爲較佳。 如果溫度太高(例如超出約3 0(TC ),則鎢開始與鋁作成 合金,而犧牲掉閘極結構。另外,如果溫度太低(例如, 低於約200°C ),則想要選擇性開始損失。 201007943 方法200的步驟230係在犧牲蓋層之上形成電絕緣層, 使得電絕緣層至少部份包圍犧牲蓋層。例如,電絕緣層可 以類似於如圖1所示之電絕緣層160的下部161。在沈積後 ’電絕緣層被平坦化並回硏磨以曝露出鎢(或其他)犧牲 蓋層。 方法200的步驟240係選擇地移除該犧牲蓋層,以在電 絕緣層中,形成對準閘極金屬的溝渠。應了解的是,於此 中所用之“溝渠”係被廣泛地使用,使得其可以表示任意類 @ 型之開口、間隙、空腔、孔、空白空間等等,其可以隨後 如下所討論被塡入以材料。例如,溝渠可以類似於圖4中 所首先示出的溝渠410,圖4爲在依據本發明實施例之製程 的特定點之金屬閘極結構100的剖面圖。應注意的是圖4, 如同圖3,描繪出在較圖1更早的製程中之一點時之金屬閘 極結構100。如於圖4所示,溝渠410係位在閘極金屬140上 並與之對準。 在一實施例中,步驟240包含使用包含鹼及氧化劑的 G 蝕刻劑,蝕去該犧牲蓋層。例如,鹸可以包含氫氧化銨( NH4OH )、氫氧化四甲銨(TMAH )等等。另一例子爲氧 化劑可以包含過氧化氫(H202 )、溶解臭氧(03)等等。 另一例子爲,蝕刻劑可以具有於4至10間之pH値。在一特 定實施例中,蝕刻劑的pH値爲6至8間。以如上所給定之條 件與組成物,用以配合本發明實施例之飩刻劑選擇地溶解 鎢,即溶解鎢及非鋁或功函數金屬,藉以允許自對準保護 蓋形成在鋁閘極之上(或其他材料作成之閘極上),並將 -12- 201007943 如以下所討論。 方法200的步驟250係以電絕緣材料塡入溝渠,以形成 對中於閘極金屬的電絕緣蓋。例如,電絕緣蓋可以類似於 圖1所示之電絕緣蓋150。藉由例如在源極/汲極接觸蝕刻 時作爲鈾刻停止層,此電絕緣蓋完全地覆蓋並保護下層之 閘極電極。例如,電絕緣蓋的組成物及/或源極/汲極接觸 蝕刻的蝕刻化學品可以被選擇,以使得電絕緣蓋能對接觸 〇 鈾刻化學品實質不滲透,以使得該接觸蝕刻可以進行,而 不會造成閘極金屬損壞問題。這隨後造成增加之接觸對準 邊際及其他如上所討論的優點。 電絕緣蓋150也示於圖5,其係爲依據本發明實施例之 製程中之特定點的金屬閘極結構100的剖面圖。應注意的 是,圖5如同圖3及圖4,描繪較圖1之製程中爲早的一點之 金屬閘極結構1〇〇。圖5顯示在沈積後的電絕緣蓋150,在 沈積時其有圓頂部;其隨後的實質平坦頂部(見圖1), • 係藉由回硏磨電絕緣蓋150加以產生,使得頂部對齊電絕 緣層160的下部161的表面565。圖5中之虛線555表示在至 少一實施例中電絕緣蓋被回硏磨的位準。 在回硏磨電絕緣蓋150後,電絕緣層160的上部162可 以沈積在下部161之上。例如,金屬閘極結構100可以然後 採用如圖1所示之形式,及電絕緣蓋150將在源極/汲極接 觸飩刻時整個保護閘極金屬140,如同於此所述。 雖然本發明已經參考特定實施例加以描述,但可以爲 熟習於本技藝者所了解,各種變化可以在不脫離本發明之 -13- 201007943 精神與範圍下加以完成。因此,本發明實施例之揭示係作 爲例示本發明之範圍並非用以限制。本發明之範圍將只被 隨附之申請專利範圍所限制。例如,熟習於本技藝者可以 迅速了解金屬閘結構與於此所討論的相關方法可以以各種 實施例加以實施,及這些實施例的前述討論並不必然表示 所有可能實施例的完整說明。 另外’優點、其他有利處、及對問題的解決方案已經 針對特定實施例加以描述。優點、問題的解決方案、或可 能有利、有優點、的任意元件或多元件係想要建立爲任意 或所有申請專利範圍的重要、必要或基本特性或元件。 再者’於此所揭示的實施例及限定並非在專用原理由 被專門使用’如果實施例及/或限制:(1 )並未在申請專 利範圍中主張,及(2)在均等論下,申請專利範圍中之 元件及/或限制的可能均等。 【圖式簡單說明】 參 圖1爲依據本發明實施例之金屬閘極結構的剖面圖; 圖2爲依據本發明實施例之製成金屬閘極結構的方法 之流程圖;及 圖3至5爲依據本發明實施例之製程中的各特定點的圖 1的金屬閘極的剖面圖。 【主要元件符號說明】 100 :金屬閘極結構 -14- 201007943 1 10 :基板 1 2 0 :閘極介電層 1 3 0 :功函數金屬 1 4 0 :閘極金屬 1 5 0 :電絕緣蓋 1 6 0 :電絕緣層 161 :下部 _ 162 :上部 1 7 〇 :間隔層 1 8 0 :介電材料 310 :犧牲蓋層 4 1 0 :溝渠 5 5 5 ·虛線 5 65 :表面
Claims (1)
- 201007943 七、申請專利範圍: 1. 一種金屬閘極結構,包含: —基板; 一閘極介電層在該基板之上; —功函數金屬,鄰近該閘極介電層 一閘極金屬,鄰近該功函數金屬; 一電絕緣蓋,對中該閘極金屬; 一電絕緣層,在該電絕緣蓋之上並至少部份包圍該電 @ 絕緣蓋; 間隔層,鄰近該閘極介電層;及 介電材料,至少部份包圍該等間隔層。 2. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之金屬閘極結構,其中 該閘極金靥係由鋁、鎢及氮化鈦所構成之群組所取之 物質。 3. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之金屬閘極結構,其中 參 該電絕緣蓋係爲由氮化矽及碳化矽所構成之群組所取 的物質。 4. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之金屬閘極結構,其中 該閘極介電層爲高-k介電材料。 5. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之金屬閘極結構,其中 -16- 201007943 該功函數金屬及該閘極金屬係爲相同材料。 6·—種製造金屬閘極結構的方法,該方法包含: 提供其上形成有閘極介電層、功函數金屬鄰近該閘極 介電層、及閘極金屬鄰近該功函數金屬的基板; 選擇地形成犧牲蓋層對中於該閘極金屬之上; 形成電絕緣層於該犧牲蓋層之上,使得該電絕緣層至 少部份包圍該犧牲蓋層; 選擇地移除該犧牲蓋層,以在該電絕緣層中,形成對 準該閘極金屬的溝渠;及 以電絕緣材料塡入該溝渠,以形成對中該閘極金屬之 電絕緣蓋。 7·如申請專利範圍第6項所述之方法,其中: 選擇地形成該犧牲蓋層包含形成鎢蓋層。 8.如申請專利範圍第7項所述之方法,其中:選擇地形成該犧牲蓋層係執行於約200。(:及約275。(:間 9. 如申請專利範圍第7項所述之方法,其中·· 在選擇地形成該犧牲蓋層之前,將該閘極金屬曝露至 緩衝氫氟酸溶液。 10. 如申請專利範圍第9項所述之方法,其中: 該緩衝氫氟酸溶液包含緩衝劑;及 該緩衝劑包含氟化銨。 1 1.如申請專利範圍第10項所述之方法,其中: 該閘極金屬係曝露至該緩衝氫氟酸溶液,持續於約1〇 -17- 201007943 至約6 0秒間。 12. 如申請專利範圍第7項所述之方法,更包含: 在選擇地形成該犧牲蓋層之前,將該閘極金屬曝露至 稀釋鹽酸溶液。 13. 如申請專利範圍第12項所述之方法,其中: 該稀釋鹽酸溶液包含1體積份鹽酸及10體積份去離子 水。 14. 如申請專利範圍第7項所述之方法,其中: ❹ 選擇地移除該犧牲蓋層包含使用包含鹼及氧化劑之蝕 刻劑,蝕去該犧牲蓋層。 15. 如申請專利範圍第14項所述之方法,其中: 該鹼包含氫氧化銨;及 該氧化劑包含過氧化氫及臭氧之一。 16. 如申請專利範圍第15項所述之方法,其中: 該蝕刻劑具有於4至10間之pH値。 17. —種製造金屬閘極結構的方法,該方法包含: @ 提供其上形成有髙-k閘極介電層、功函數金屬鄰近該 高-k閘極介電層、一鋁閘極電極鄰近該功函數金屬、間隔 層鄰近該高-k閘極介電層、及層間介電層鄰近該等間隔層 的基板; 選擇地形成犧牲鎢蓋層對中於該鋁閘極電極之上; 形成氧化矽膜於該犧牲鎢蓋層之上’使得該氧化矽膜 至少部份包圍該犧牲鎢蓋層; 選擇地移除該犧牲鎢蓋層,以在該氧化矽膜中,形成 -18- 201007943 對準該鋁閘極電極的溝渠;及 以對中該鋁閘極電極的氮化矽蓋塡入該溝渠。 18. 如申請專利範圍第17項所述之方法,其中: 選擇地形成該犧牲鎢蓋層係使用化學氣相沈積製程加 以完成。 19. 如申請專利範圍第18項所述之方法,其中·· 該化學氣相沈積製程使用分子氫前驅物及六氟化鎢前 φ 驅物。 20. 如申請專利範圍第19項所述之方法,其中: 該分子氫前驅物係以第一流率被引入化學氣相沈積室 » 該六氟化鎢前驅物係以第二流率引入該化學氣相沈積 室;及 該第一流率係高於該第二流率。 2 1.如申請專利範圍第20項所述之方法,更包含: • 在選擇地形成該犧牲鎢蓋層之前,將該鋁閘極電極曝 露至緩衝氫氟酸溶液持續約10秒。 22.如申請專利範圍第21項所述之方法,其中: 選擇地移除該犧牲鎢蓋層包含使用包含鹼與氧化劑的 蝕刻劑,蝕去該犧牲鎢蓋層; 該鹼包含氫氧化銨; 該氧化劑包含過氧化氫及溶解臭氧之一;及 該蝕刻劑具有於6至8間之pH値。 -19-
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CN101981673B (zh) | 2016-08-03 |
WO2009142982A2 (en) | 2009-11-26 |
US20110079830A1 (en) | 2011-04-07 |
US7875519B2 (en) | 2011-01-25 |
US8294223B2 (en) | 2012-10-23 |
WO2009142982A3 (en) | 2010-03-04 |
US20090289334A1 (en) | 2009-11-26 |
CN101981673A (zh) | 2011-02-23 |
DE112009000670B4 (de) | 2013-06-27 |
DE112009000670T5 (de) | 2011-04-21 |
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