TW200908356A - Photovoltaic module comprising layer with conducting spots - Google Patents

Photovoltaic module comprising layer with conducting spots Download PDF

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TW200908356A
TW200908356A TW097115481A TW97115481A TW200908356A TW 200908356 A TW200908356 A TW 200908356A TW 097115481 A TW097115481 A TW 097115481A TW 97115481 A TW97115481 A TW 97115481A TW 200908356 A TW200908356 A TW 200908356A
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layer
module
battery
conductive
voltage
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TW097115481A
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Gerrit Cornelis Dubbeldam
Edwin Peter Sportel
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Helianthos Bv
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/18Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L31/186Particular post-treatment for the devices, e.g. annealing, impurity gettering, short-circuit elimination, recrystallisation
    • H01L31/1872Recrystallisation
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/18Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/06Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier
    • H01L31/075Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier the potential barriers being only of the PIN type
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/06Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier
    • H01L31/075Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier the potential barriers being only of the PIN type
    • H01L31/077Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices characterised by at least one potential-jump barrier or surface barrier the potential barriers being only of the PIN type the devices comprising monocrystalline or polycrystalline materials
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/547Monocrystalline silicon PV cells
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/548Amorphous silicon PV cells
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Description

200908356 九、發明說明: 【發明所屬之技術領域】 =關於一光伏特(PV)模組,其包括複數個電 物的導電層、-光伏特層及-背 口f5 ^«極層,其中,該光伏特 恳.士 * 僧已括至少一個p-i-n或n-i-p矽 層,本發明又關於一種製造該光伏特模組的方法。 【先前技術】
Ο 當由許多串聯電池組成的—pv模組被部分地遮光時, 該等照明電池可在該等遮光電池上引起一強烈的負(相反 :)電壓。§該寺遮光電池具有一高並聯電阻時該情況顯 者。因為沒有電流產生於該等遮光電池上,該模組電流幾 乎為零’以致該等遮光電池被曝露於該等照明電池之該斷 ^壓處。詩大㈣、統的此類„可非常高,以致該擊 穿電壓能容易地通過。在該等遮光電池中,—強烈的局部 產熱可發生(熱點)而導致該遮光電池的局部損壞。在最糟 的情況下’這些熱點可導致起火。 用於防止熱點的最常見的補救係旁通二極體的應用,哕 應用開始在一個方向上以一相對低電壓導電且在其他方向 上絕緣’如已被描述於美國專利5,223,044及國際專利 2005/1 015Π中者。然而該旁通二極體的該應用昂責。特 別是,薄膜PV模組具有一相對低的擊穿電壓(典型地<8 V),每個旁通二極體能保護的電池的數量少,例如,用於 薄膜a- Si的大約少於1 〇個。 在薄膜PV模組的情況下’單體旁通二極體可以用於串 130965.doc 200908356 聯的一非常複雜之製程為代價而被製造。 另一方法係所謂的PV支路的該應β,如描述於美國專 利2003/0159728中者。依據此方法,若干由串聯電池組成 的模組係以並聯方式連接的。當一模組被部分地遮光時, . 纟:等遮光電池上的該相反電壓係隨著該等全照明模組的 該電屋而減少。然而整合的串聯與並聯減少了該系統電厚 及增加了該系統電流,且其限制了該系統設計的自由。 ο ㈣洲專利1 G79 441中,—種用於適應-部分遮光的 pv模組之該1¥特性的方法被描述。依據此方法,該等電 被+路於一增加的偏壓交流電壓處,直到該電流開始增 在忒處理之後,該等電池顯示一非線性傳導,其允許 ::光電池以一相對低的電壓傳導該等照明電池的該短路 屯抓、而,此方法取決於該PV電池中偶然點的存在,該 非線性傳導可被引入至該…電池中。此外,與所有電池直 接接觸係必需的。 Ο 纟國專利5,81G,945描述了—種製造-電子微模式裝置的 、 特别係一太陽能電池,至少一個該電極具備一模 . 式。該遮光問題在此參考案中未提及。 / 、
Toet et a 1 /r\ 丁· • T〇et et al•,薄固體膜 296(1977)49_52)描 ,述了 —種用於玻璃基板上多晶矽薄膜之該生長的兩步技 術。邊遮光問題未被提及。 hlgemuth et al. (J. Wohlgemuth and W. Herrmann,用 夕模組之熱點測試’光伏特專家會議,2005, away ’ NJ ’ USA 3-7 January 2005,IEEE,US, 130965.doc 200908356 2005 , pages 1〇62_1〇63)描
January 3 試,方法。熱點之形成的預防:: 【發明内容】 由此,本發明之—目的係為提供防止熱 而不顯示上述的任佃兮莖敞& 補救方法 的方式施, 弊端’及這可被以-容易且便宜 幻万式知加。現在發現此目 的該耸k 杆了猎由5周適该寻薄膜PV電池 的口亥寻IV特性而實現 位置上引入门拔 寻潯膜PV電池係在精確界定的 發明係關於-光伏特(PV)模…此目的,本 個電池包含一美柘 、、、.“括複數個的電池’每 基板、一透明導電層、一光伏 匕 部電極厚,甘T+T 寸曰 及一月 曰/、中,該光伏特層包括至少一個 . 層,牲St —从 1L)P叫-η或η-卜p矽 ㈣$層每em2上包括犯⑽ 導電點,每個導電點均獨立 再—石夕的 面。 立地擁有一個10至2500 μΓη2的表 【實施方式】
L 此方法係建立在大多數PV雷冰山. 層的主動半導體層組成之情況下。至小一兩邊均具有電極 透明的以致光可到達該主動層。V “些電極層係 依據本發明,該PV雷4 Μ # 電池的該主動層係局部加埶以获^ 層至少部分地轉形 …以致该 w Μ 另一相位。該轉形的材料失去詨PV姓 性,但藉由小心地斗;4· Λ θ Α 特 留。結果該轉料作爲¥體性質可被保 付A 作爲在该等兩個 電路徑,該等兩個電極層在低厂堅處呈有 '之間的非線性導 率及編處且有一相對^處具有—相對較低的導電 有相對“的導電率。更特别地,在— I30965.doc 200908356 1 v電屋下的該等點之該導電率係小於〇·2 —2,而在 一 8 V電壓下該導電率係大於1〇 mA/_2。 在本說明書中,該轉形的材料有時將被表示為再社晶 石夕,㈣形成過程有時將被表示為再結晶之後的炫化。然 @ ’這個描述將決不會被認爲限制本發明之本質。顯铁, . 纟發明之關鍵係導電點之存在,及在他們的經由熱處:的 形成。它不歸因於該石夕之晶形或是否發生炼化或再結晶。 爲了將局部熱產生最小化,許多此類非線性導電點必須 被製造以致每一點上的該電流係小的。 、 通過該等料性導t點之電流可被描述為具有—奇 級數展開: T AA_ V V3 V5 J conducting spots I V / 一 I---!---. R. r3 r5 苴 (i) 再τ conducting spots(v)係在該電壓v [八化爪勺下通過該等導 電點之每單位表面上的該電流;…系在該等兩個電極⑺之 間的5亥電壓,及1/Rn係該級數展開的該第η階係數。 Ο 該範圍係[Vn.cm2/A]。 n' 直接圍繞在一 V=〇的電壓周圍之該部分主要係由r丨決 定’該其次部分也由R3決定,等等。為描述一Pv電池之該 . JV曲線的該基本部分,該等係數1與1係充分的。R1必須
儘3:咼,因爲該線性導電在一低電壓下開始引起損失。R 必須被選擇以致該最大限度可能的電流在一低該 3 壓的電壓下被傳導。 ^牙電 沒有該等非線性導電點之該引人,當該模組短路(Ri二 130965.doc 200908356 1〇,_,R3=1,_,〇〇〇)時,-遮光電池上的該反向電壓在 一具有28個電池的模組上可高達·心。擁有大量電池, f電壓在該遮光電池上增加。大電壓係遠遠超過該擊 電壓。具有該等非線性導電點如2,5〇〇, Μ”。”, ^-遮光電池上的該電壓被限制在·5 v,這低於該擊穿電 2 :R1顯不隨著R 3的該引入-相關的減少。該J V曲線在正 常情况(無遮光)下係幾乎不受該非線性導電點的影響。隨
著電池-増加的數量,當該模組短路時,在一遮光電池上 的該反向電壓保持在大約-5 V。 當非線性導電點應用於—模組的所有電池以致該卜^或 叫石夕層在每⑽2上包括1G至胸個再結以導電點時, 母個導電點均獨立地擁有—個1〇至25⑽一的表面,不論 串%电池之數里為何,遮光均不會導致損害。因為很多均 勾分布的導電點被引入,在該遮光電池中該消散的能量也 破規則地分布在該PV電池上…單_點的過熱被避免了。 X板、”且的性此在正常情况下幾乎不受該等非線性導電點的 影響。 在一較佳實施例中,該PV模組具有一矽層,其在每㈣2 上包括20至500個導電點,更佳地係在每⑽2上%至3〇〇個 導電點,甚至更佳地係在每cm2上8〇至12〇個導電點。在另 —較佳實施例中,該PV模組具有一矽層,其中,該等導電 點具有一30至30(^μιη2表面,較佳地係5〇至15〇 μηι2,更 佳地係60至120 μηι2。 因爲該等點在正常運行狀態下無助於電流產生,較佳地 I30965.doc 10 200908356 係該等導電點的整個表 衣囟積相對杈小。更特別的是,該等 導電點的該表面積盘兮女TTB /.t . 田償〃忒太%旎電池之該電流產生部分的該 表面積之間的該比率較佳地係小於001:1,更佳地係小於 0.001.1作爲―較佳的最小值,_q⑼㈣:丨的比率可被提 及0
本發明的另-目標係提供-種用於製造該等上述PV模 組的方法。非線性導電.點可以幾種方式獲得。一種方式係 藉由施加一直接與長電極相連的該等電池上增加的AC電 壓來獲仔非線性點。,然而這樣做該等點係被隨機地分布且 該等點的性質取決於該pv電池之該主動層的偶然局部狀 態。 界定清晰的點係藉由將一界定的大量能量带至界定位置 上的該PV電池之該主動層而獲得。依據—較佳方法,該卜 或n-i-p矽層在每cm2上10至 1000個點上被局部加熱,每 個點均獨立地擁有1〇至25〇〇 μηι2的表面,藉此,該矽在這 些點中至少部分地被轉形至另一相位。例如,這樣可以執 行一脈衝雷射之聚焦光束而使其波長可被該ρν電池的該主 動層吸收。具有非晶體的矽pv電池’ 一倍頻器Q切換Nd_ YAG ’ Nd-YEL或Nd-YV04雷射可被使用(又=532 nm)。此 類雷射的該脈衝持續時間係短暫的,典型的少於50 ns(奈 秒),更典型地係大約丨5 ns ,以致該直接照明的點吸收所 有能量而不會由於熱傳導而損失。該脈衝能量在一窄波段 内係怪量且在該焦點中該光束腰的該直徑可係小的,如下 式: 130965.doc • 11 - 200908356 ,l_22iF d=- D (2) 其中’ d 係該光束腰的該直徑; λ 係該雷射的該波長;
F 係該聚焦透鏡的該焦距;及 D 係該平行雷射光束進入該透鏡之前的該直徑 其中 D = 5 mm ’ f=100 mm及 λ =5 23 nm則 d=13 μηι。在該 腰部中’該雷射光束具有一高斯強度分布以致由該雷射製 造的該等非線性點的該等尺寸係甚至更小。 本發明進一步地藉由下列本發明之一特別實施例的非限 制描述而顯示。 小尺寸的模組(1Χ7·5 cm2内8個電池)及較大模組(ιχ3〇 cm内28個電池)係用一脈的雷射處理。每一電 池上非線性導電點之一單一列(2點之間距離5〇 pm)被製 造。
該田射處理引入該等電池之一非線性傳導,該傳導可具 有方程式(1)之11„該等值的特徵。一種用於決定的方法在 下文被描述。單一電池的該JV曲線(見SR· Wenham等人之 "光伏特的應用",ISBN 0 86758 909 4,第33頁) 係該感光電流及該非線性並聯電阻項的延展: 方程式 J = J0 -(e1*1· -l)-j V V3 ---1---h · R, R, 其中’ J 係該電流密度[A/m2] J〇係該暗流密度[A/m2]
Jl係該感光電流密度[A/m2] 130965.doc -12- (3) 200908356 q 係元電荷 k 係波爾兹曼(Boltzmann)常數 n 係該二極體品質因素 Τ 係該溫度[Κ] V 係該每一電池的電壓 -全照明模組的該JV曲線對正常電池1的變化值只係略 微敏感的。當該等電池之一被遮光時,該等JV曲線強烈地 變換。該遮光電池的該感光電流(幾乎)為0。該等照明電池 在該遮光電池上施加—反向電壓係隨著該外電壓源而發生 變化。該遮光電池作為用於該模組之該等照明電池負栽電 阻的種類。當該等電池不會被強烈分流時,該等照明電池 的該理論JV曲線對於Rn係低靈敏度的。與此相反,該遮光 電池的該JV曲線係強烈地取決於心及一具有一遮光電池之 模組的該JV曲線。 首先’該全照明模組之該JV曲線被測量。該平均電池參 數包含Rn係由該曲線決定。其次,當一個電池被遮光時該 模組之該JV曲線被記錄。該遮光電池之Rn的該等值係由_ 曲線適配程序得到。該遮光電池之該感光電流jL,shaded eeU=〇 及只有§玄遮光電池之Rn必須為獲得一恰當的符合而被調 適。R】與R3的該等平均值及該遮光電池之R!與R3的該等值 係由該適配程序產生而被列於表1中。 130965.doc •13· 200908356 表1 :心與尺3之值係源於該曲線適配程序
Ri3平均 R〗,平均 電池4 R>3’電池4 雷射處理前 20,000 2,000,000 6,000 66,000 雷射處理後 3,500 20,000 2,500 13,500 R〗之該平均值的該減少係實際的,R3之該平均值的減少 或多或少係任意的,因為該全照明模組之該計算曲線幾乎 不受該值的影響。該遮光電池之心與Rs的該減少係取決於 可接受的準確度。只要所選擇之Rs之值足夠大,則對配 合該等JV曲線的該相關部分不起關鍵作用。 Γ 該等個別電池的RAR3之該等值可被用於成為該雷射處 理程序之該品質的特徵。恰#運行電池之值的—範圍可被 界定兩個參數·· Rl>1〇〇〇,特別 R]>2〇〇〇 ; i〇〇〇<R3< 50000,特別i〇〇00<R3<5〇〇〇〇(那些值可被更改)。
表2顯示一八電池模組的JV曲線。該第一欄給出該模組 電壓。該第二及第三攔給出該模組電流及在一電池上各自 與該模組電壓相反的該電壓(無遮光)。該第四及該第五搁 給出該模組電流及在該標準遮光電池上與該模組電壓相反 的該電壓(一個遮光電池)。嗜篦a J茨弟/、及5亥第七攔給出該模組 電流及在具有導電點之該遮光電 电吧上興该杈組電壓相反的 該電壓(一個遮光電池)。 圖1顯示一單一電池之該電壓盘— i〜 八電池模組之該電壓 相反的一圖解表示法(數字資料給出於表2中)。 圖2顯示該八電池模組之等; 哥曲線,顯示該模組之該電 流與該模組之該電壓相反(數字f料給出於表2幻。 130965.doc 14 200908356 顯然,在一具有該等導電點的遮光電池上的該反向電壓 係有限的,而在一標準遮光電池上的該電壓幾乎係隨該模 組電壓線性增加。 130965.doc -15- 200908356 表2 V模.组 無遮光 J[A/cm2] 電池 V電池[V] 未處理的 一個遮光 電池 J[A/cm2] VSh 電池[V] 處理的 一個遮光 電池 J[A/cm2] Vsh 電池[V] 0 -0.01333 0.000 -0.00133 -5.753 -0.00858 -4.72066 0.32 -0.01329 0.040 -0.00116 -5.445 -0.00777 -4.53519 0.64 -0.01325 0.080 -0.00101 -5.136 -0.00697 -4.33839 0.96 -0.01321 0.120 -0.00088 -4.826 -0.00619 -4.13143 1.28 -0.01316 0.160 -0.00076 -4.515 -0.00545 -3.91506 1.6 -0.01311 0.200 -0.00065 -4.203 -0.00474 -3.68978 1.92 -0.01305 0.240 -0.00054 -3.964 -0.00407 -3.45636 2.24 -0.01299 0.280 -0.00045 -3.654 -0.00346 -3.21435 2.56 -0.01292 0.320 -0.00037 -3.343 -0.0029 -2.96425 2.88 -0.01284 0.360 -0.0003 -3.030 -0.00239 -2.70627 3.2 -0.01274 0.400 -0.00025 -2.715 -0.00194 -2.44065 3.52 -0.01262 0.440 -0.0002 -2.397 -0.00154 -2.16766 3.84 -0.01246 0.480 -0.00015 -2.078 -0.0012 -1.88769 4.16 -0.01221 0.520 -0.00012 -1.755 -0.00091 -1.60124 4.48 -0.0118 0.560 -8.4E-05 -1.431 -0.00067 -1.30893 4.8 -0.01113 0.600 -5.7E-05 -1.105 -0.00047 -1.01159 4.96 -0.01067 0.620 -4.6E-05 -0.942 -0.00039 -0.86132 5.12 -0.01012 0.640 -3.6E-05 -0.780 -0.00031 -0.71015 5.28 -0.00947 0.660 -2.7E-05 -0.620 -0.00023 -0.55822 5.44 -0.00874 0.680 -1.6E-05 -0.465 -0.00017 -0.40568 5.6 -0.00792 0.700 -3.5E-06 -0.311 -0.0001 -0.25265 5.76 -0.00704 0.720 9.18E-06 -0.157 -3.9E-05 -0.09932 5.92 -0.00609 0.740 2.08E-05 -0.005 6.08 -0.00508 0.760 6.24 -0.00402 0.780 6.4 -0.00292 0.800 6.56 -0.00177 0.820 6.72 -0.00059 0.840 130965.doc -16- 200908356 【圖式簡單說明】 圖1顯示一單一電池之電壓與一個八電池模組之電壓相 比較的一圖解表示。 圖2顯示該八電池模組之該等JV曲線,其顯示該模組之 電流與該模組之電壓的比較。
130965.doc -17-

Claims (1)

  1. 200908356 、申請專利範圍: 1. 二種光伏特(PV)模組,其包括複數個電池,每個電池包 含—基板、一透明導電層、一光伏特層及一背部電極 層,其中該光伏特層包括至少一個矽層,其 特徵為:該⑦層包括在每em2上1()至咖個再結晶石夕導 電點,每個均各自具有一 1〇至25〇〇 μιη2的表面。 2·如請求項1之PV模組,其中該矽層包括在每⑽2上之別至 C 50〇個導電點,較佳地在每cm2上之30至3〇〇個導電點, 更佳地在每cm2上之80至120個導電點。 L如請求模組’其中該等導電點具有—^至则 叫二,較佳地5〇-150_2,更佳地6〇至12〇_2的表面。 2长項2之PV模組’其中該等導電點具有_ ^至3〇〇 ㈣’較佳地50-150 μηι2,更佳地6〇至12〇叫2的表面。 豆種用於製造如請求項丨_4中任—項之ρν模組的方法, 其中該p-i-n或n-i-p石夕層係在每咖2 j 〇至1〇〇〇個點上被局 l加熱’每個點均各自具有一 1〇至25〇〇叫2的表面,藉 P 1 η或n-i-p矽在這些點上被轉形以形成各導電點。 6.如請求項5之方+ , «·丄 、 /、中該加熱係由一脈衝雷射執行。 ns 7·如請求項6之方法,其中該加熱係由-具有—波長“ 二_55〇 nm之間的倍頻Nd_YAG、Nd_YLF或則々〇4雷 ^執订,且其脈衝持續時間係小於50 130965.doc
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