TW200535228A - Systems, methods, and catalysts for producing a crude product - Google Patents

Abstract

Contact of a crude feed with one or more catalysts produces a total product that include a crude product. The crude product is a liquid mixture at 25 DEG C and 0.101 Mpa. One or more other properties of the crude product may be changed by at least 10% relative to the respective properties of the crude feed.

Description

200535228 IX. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention belongs]

This invention relates generally to systems, methods, and catalysts for processing crude oil feeds, and to compositions that can be produced using such systems, methods, and catalysts. More specifically, the 'specific examples described herein relate to systems, methods, and catalysts used to convert crude feed to a total product, where this total product contains a crude product' which is at 25 ° C and It is a liquid mixture at MPa and has one or more changed properties compared to the individual properties of the crude feed. [Prior art] Two ..., one or more crude oils of inappropriate properties that are transported economically by Faguxu crude oil or using conventional equipment are often referred to as "inferior crude oils."

Inferior crude oil may contain the total acid number ("TAN") of the crude oil feed. Inferior crude oil with a relatively low South TAN may cause corrosion of metal components during rotation and / or during the processing of such inferior crude oil. Removal of acidic components from inferior crude oils may involve neutralizing the acidic components with various chemical tests. Alternatively, insect-resistant metals may be used in conveying equipment and / or processing equipment. Making 2 metals usually involves considerable costs, so using :: in existing equipment may not be what we would expect. Another way to suppress corrosion residues ::: Add corrosion inhibitors to crude oil before transporting and / or processing inferior crude oil. The use of rot-formulations may have a negative impact on the quality of the products used in the Guardian crude oil and the products made from the crude oil. Private / quality crudes usually contain considerable residues. Such a large amount of residues will have # 用 羽 ▲ # It ’s your residual direction in the U Bei point. It is known that it is difficult to transport and / or process and is expensive. 5 200535228 Inferior crude oil usually contains nitrogen and nitrogen. Organically bound hetero-heteroatoms (such as sulfur, oxygen, and plastics). Heteroatoms have adverse effects on the catalyst in the case of right-dried. Inferior crude oil may contain a considerable amount of metal pollution: ,,:, or iron. During this type of crude oil, metal pollutants and dioxin compounds may be deposited on the catalyst surface or in the catalyst two group. Such deposits may cause the catalyst activity to decrease. Coke may The abrupt formation and / or deposition points that are too high to regenerate the catalytic activity of the catalyst contaminated by coke may be expensive. The high temperatures used during regeneration may also reduce the activity and / or cause catalyst degradation. ,: Crude crude oil may contain metals in the form of metal salts of organic acids (eg, known from the second party: Metals in the form of metal salts of organic acids are typically unable to be borrowed / separated such as desalting and / or pickling from poor crude oils. Subject 1 When the metal is in the form of a metal salt of organic acid, the conventional method often encounters the machine η, and the y == accumulated near the outer surface of the catalyst. Accumulate holes between catalyst particles & & Plutonium is on the top of the catalyst bed. Contaminants, such as organic acid-salt salts, are deposited on the catalyst bed and the catalyst bed will actually clog the catalyst bed. Do n’t try it, organic acids: wicked metals may cause rapid deactivation of catalysts. Each gram of organic compounds may contain organic oxygen compounds. Processing has an oxygen content of at least 0 002 grams in crude oil. The processing equipment of Libei crude oil prepared at the 7th place in the processing survey / sigma month "encountered a problem. Organic oxygen compounds may generate advanced oxides (such as ketones and / or alcohol oxidation) when heated during processing 200535228 Acid formation, and / or oxidation from ethers), which is difficult to remove from processed crude oil and / or may corrode / contaminate equipment during processing and cause blockage of pipelines. ^ Poor crude oil may contain unsaturated hydrocarbons When processing unsaturated hydrocarbons, especially if unsaturated fragments from the cracking method are produced, the average amount of hydrogen must generally be increased. Hydrogenation during processing, which typically involves the use of active hydrogenation catalysts, may It is necessary to suppress the formation of coke from unsaturated fragments. Hydrogen is expensive to produce and / or expensive to transport to processing equipment. Inferior crude oil also tends to show insignificance during processing with conventional equipment. Crude oil instability can lead to Component phase separation and / or the tendency to produce non-ideal by-products (such as hydrogen sulfide, water, and carbon dioxide during processing). 'Conventional methods often lack the ability to change selected properties of inferior crudes without significantly altering other properties of inferior crudes. For example, conventional methods often lack the ability to significantly reduce the TAN in inferior crude oil while only changing the content of specific components (such as sulfur or metal contaminants) in inferior crude oil by the desired amount. The method includes adding a diluent to inferior crude oil to reduce the weight percentage of the ingredients that cause adverse properties. However, J, and adding diluent usually increase the cost of processing inferior crude oil because of the cost of diluent and / or processing of inferior crude oil. Addition of diluents to inferior crudes may reduce the stability of such crudes in several cases. US Patent No. 6,547 issued to Sudhakar et al. Awarded to 200535228

Meyers et al. 6,277 26Q · Ray; r ',, 9' awarded to Grande et al. 6, 〇63,266; to Bearden et al. 〇〇〇Rn〇. 5,928,502, to Bearden et al. People's 5,91 4,030 'Awarded to + A 2 r — 5, Trachte Temple People 5,897,769; Trachte Temple People 5, 871,636; and Tanaka Tatar People from Coc: Ali Temple People 5, 851 and 381 describe various methods, systems and catalysts for processing crude oil. However, the methods, systems, and catalysts described in this patent have limited applicability due to the many technical issues raised above. In short, 'inferior crude oils generally have non-ideal properties (e.g., a tendency for a relatively high TAN' to become unstable during processing, and / or a tendency to consume a significant amount of hydrogen during processing). Other non-ideal properties include considerable amounts of non-ideal ingredients (e.g. residues, organically bound heteroatoms, metal contaminants, all genus of organic acid metal salt forms, Θ / Dou, ~ Helicopterus, and / or organic oxygen compounds ). This type of property tends to cause problems with Xi Jiangkou ’s g + Shou Shuang knows how to send and / or process equipment, including increased corrosion during processing, reduced catalyst life, blocked processes, and / or increased nitrogen use . Therefore, there is still a clear economic and technical need for improved systems, systems, methods, and / or catalysts for converting crude oil into crude oil products with more rationale and properties. The same is true for options that can change the quality of inferior crude oil 疋! There are also significant economic and technical needs for systems, methods, and / or catalysts that selectively alter other properties of inferior crude oil. [Summary of the Invention] The present invention is generally related to a system, method, and catalyst for converting a crude oil feed into a total product containing crude oil products and, in some specific examples, non-condensable gases. The present invention also relates generally to compositions containing novel combinations of ingredients therein. Such compositions can be obtained using the system and 200535228 method described herein. The present invention provides a method for producing a crude oil product, comprising: contacting a crude oil feed with one or more catalysts to produce a total product containing a crude oil product, wherein the crude oil product is a liquid mixture at 25 ° C and 0.101 MPa, The crude feed has a TAN of at least 0.3, the at least one catalyst has a pore size distribution with a median pore size ranging from 90 to 180 A, and at least 60% of the total pore size in the pore size distribution has a median of 45 people Pore I in the pore size range where the pore size distribution is determined by ASTM method D4282; and the contact conditions are controlled so that the crude oil product has a TAN of the crude oil feed with a TAN of up to 90%, where TAN is measured by ASTM method D664 . The present invention also provides a method for producing a crude oil product, comprising: contacting a crude oil feed with one or more catalysts to produce a total product containing a crude oil product, wherein the crude oil product is a liquid mixture at 25 ° C and 0. 101 MPa The crude oil feed has a TAN of at least 0.3, the at least one catalyst has a pore size distribution with a median pore size of at least 90 A, and is determined by ASTM method D4282. Containing, by weight, 0.001 g to 0.88 g of molybdenum, one or more molybdenum compounds, or a mixture thereof; and controlling the contact conditions so that the crude oil product has a TAN of up to 90% of the crude feed. TAN, where TAN is determined by ASTM method D664. The present invention also provides a method for producing a crude oil product, comprising: contacting a crude oil feed with one or more catalysts to produce a total product containing a crude oil product, wherein the crude oil product is a liquid mixture at 25 ^ and 0 · 101 MPa The crude oil feed has a TAN of at least 0.3, measured by ASTM D664, the at least one catalyst has a pore size distribution with a median pore size of at least 1δΑ, 200535228 measured by ASTM s D4282, the catalyst Having a pore size distribution containing one or more metals of the sixth table of the periodic table, one or more compounds of the six or more of the periodic table, or a mixture thereof; and controlling the contact conditions so that the crude oil product has a TAN of at most 90% of the plutonium of this crude oil feed, where TAN is determined by ASTM method D664. The present invention also provides a method for producing a crude oil product, comprising: contacting a crude oil feed with-or a plurality of catalysts to produce a total product containing a crude oil product, wherein the crude oil product is a liquid mixture at a pressure of 0101 MPa, and the crude oil is The material has at least 0.36 "AN, which is determined by ASTM method_4. At least-the catalysts include: (a) the sixth or more metals of the periodic table, the sixth or more metals of the periodic table -Or more compounds, or mixtures; and (b) one or more metals in column 10 of the periodic table, one or more compounds in column 10 or more of the periodic table, or mixtures thereof, of which = 10 The molar ratio of the total amount of gold I to the 6th amount of gold is within i to 10 = dry range; and the contact conditions are controlled so that the crude oil product has a maximum of 90% of TAN of the crude oil feed, where TAN is By "Metering Method" M, the present invention also provides a method for producing a crude oil product, which comprises: contacting a crude oil feed with-or a plurality of catalysts to produce a total product containing crude oil products, "4 crude oil products in 25" ° C and 0.11 MPa is a liquid mixture, the The crude oil feed has at least 3 TANs, and the catalyst or catalysts include: ⑷The first catalyst, which is contained in each gram of the first catalyst, and contains 0.001 to 0.006 based on the weight of the metal. Grams of one or more metals in column 6 of the periodic table, one or more compounds of one or more metals in week 6 / monthly table, or a mixture of 200535228; and (b) a second catalyst, the second Catalyst in the second catalyst per gram, based on the weight of the metal, contains at least 0.02 grams of the sixth or more metals of the periodic table, column 6 of the periodic table-or one or more compounds of multiple metals' or its Mixtures; and batches; 7; and the contact conditions are controlled so that the crude product has a TAN of the crude feed of up to 90% TAN, as determined by ASTM method D6 64. "... The catalyst composition for the month also includes: (a) one or more metals of column 5 of the periodic table 'periodic table 5-one or more compounds of multiple metals' or mixtures thereof; ⑻ 胄Body, which has an alumina content of at least (M g of theta oxide oxide per gram of carrier, which is determined by X-ray diffraction; wherein the catalyst has a median pore size of at least the donkey pore size distribution. Determined by ASTM method D4282. The present invention also provides a catalyst composition including: (a) one or more metals in column 6 of the periodic table, one or more of the metals in the periodic table 帛 6, or a mixture thereof; Tritium, which has a tritium oxide inscription containing: is a theta oxidized indium in the mother gram carrier to 01 grams, by χ-ray station: Measure :: The catalyst has a pore size with a median pore diameter of at least 230A: cloth, which Measured by ASTM method D4282. The present invention also provides a catalyst composition, which is made up of-or a variety of metals ... Second / Periodic Table 5th ... Period Table 帛 5 is made of-or a variety of metals-or 椚 of _ Erwu One or more metals in Periodical Table 6 'Periodic Table No. 2: 2: One or more of heavy metals Compound or its mixture; loading: oxide content per gram of carrier "〇1 Its error is determined by X-ray diffraction; where the catalyst has a pore size distribution of medium = 200535228 and less than 230A, which is determined by ASTM method Determination of D4282. The present invention also provides a method for producing a catalyst, comprising: combining a carrier with one or more metals to form a carrier / metal mixture, which causes the carrier to contain 3Θ alumina 'and one or more metals including the periodic table One or more metals in column 5, one or more compounds of one or more metals in column 5 of the periodic table, or mixtures thereof; heat treatment of theta alumina support / metal mixture at a temperature of at least 40 ° C; and formation of contact The catalyst has a pore size distribution with a median pore size of at least 230 A, which is measured by ASTM method D4282. The present invention also provides a method for producing a catalyst, which includes: combining a carrier with a metal species, Forming a support / metal mixture in which the support contains 3θ alumina 'and the one or more metals include one or more metals in the sixth table of the periodic table, or one or more metals in the sixth table of the periodic table-or more compounds, or A mixture; a thermally oxidized carrier / metal mixture at a temperature of at least 40 (rc); and forming a catalyst, wherein the catalyst has a pore size distribution with a median pore size of at least 230A, which is determined by the astm method d4282. Ming also provides a method for producing crude oil products, which includes: contacting raw materials; contacting the feedstock with one or more catalysts to produce a total product containing crude oil products, and calling for a crude oil product at 25t and 〇i 〇i Mpa 下It is a liquid mixture. The original two feeds have at least 0.3 # TAN, the at least one catalyst has a pore size distribution with a median pore control of at least 180 people, and it is determined by the side method D4282. Oxidation | g and the metal or metals of the sixth table of the periodic table, one or more compounds of the metal of the periodic table, or one or more compounds, or a mixture of pores, and controlling the contact conditions so that the crude oil product has a maximum TAN The tan, which is 90% of the crude oil feed, was determined by Gu 12 200535228 method D6 64. The present invention also provides a method for making crude oil feed in the presence of crude oil production, which comprises: contacting a hydrogen source ^ Μ ^ ^ ^-catalyst to produce crude oil containing crude oil products at 25t and 0 · 101 MPa The following is a liquid mixture. The crude oil is fed and the right 〆, there is a TAN to the parent 0.3. The crude oil feed has an oxygen content of t per gram of crude oil. Oxygen, the at least one catalyst has a median pore diameter of at least 90 pores, measured by ASTM method D4282, and the contact conditions reduce the TAN so that the crude oil product has a TAN of up to 49%. The tritium of the crude oil feed contains less organic compounds in order to make the crude oil product contain milk containing more oxygen than the crude oil feed of the state, where TM is determined by ASTM method D664 The oxygen content is determined by astm ^ 385 .: Inventing a method for tenderly producing crude oil products, comprising: contacting crude oil or catalysts to produce a total product containing crude oil products, wherein the crude oil products are 〇1〇1 Mpa is a liquid mixture. The crude oil feed has at least 〇 1 _ ^ ^ · TAN, the at least one catalyst in one gram of catalyst, based on the weight of the metal, contains one or more metals in the sixth table of the periodic table with at least 0.0000 grams to the right, the sixth table of the periodic table -One or more compounds of one or more metals' or a mixture thereof; and controlling the contact conditions so that in the contact zone: the liquid space velocity ... and the crude oil product has a TAN of 90% of the TAN of the crude oil feed, where D664 determination.

The present invention also provides a method for producing a crude oil product, which includes: ... contacting a crude oil feed with one or more catalysts under a chlorine source to produce a total product containing the original, produced by 13 200535228, f y g

The crude oil product of Central China has a liquid mixture of 10,000 and 0.11 M, the month, the south, and the ancestral crude oil. The crude oil feed has a TAN of at least 0.1, and the crude oil feed = sulfur content per gram of crude oil feed. It is expected that at least # 〇._U of sulfur, the catalyst may contain one or more compounds of period # Μ β t cousin 6 or one or more compounds of metal in period 6 or Mixture; d and controlling the contact conditions so that the crude oil feed is at a selected rate during the contact and a knife wind is taken to suppress the phase separation of the crude feed during the contact so that the liquid space velocity in one or more contact zones exceeds 10 h-1, make the crude oil 4: = two? 90% of the crude oil feed "AN, and make the original = sulfur content of the crude oil feed with a sulfur content of 70i130%,

Method D4294. The 3 stone claws are prepared by ASTM. The present invention also provides a method for producing crude oil products, which includes: 'contacting a crude oil feed with one or more catalysts in the presence of gas energy: a source; Total product, where the crude product is at 25. . And 0 ·· from the contact conditions to make the crude oil feed between contact work to absorb hydrogen at a selected rate to suppress phase separation. The invention also provides a method of producing crude oil products during the contact, including: In the presence of two catalysts, the crude oil feed was brought into contact with hydrogen to produce a :::, where the crude oil product was at 25 t ^ .1GiMpa = J = 5; and the contact conditions were controlled so that the crude oil was Contact with hydrogen under the second hydrogen uptake conditions, and the second M uptake conditions are different from the second ammonia uptake conditions to control the first chlorine; 14 200535228 net uptake to prevent the p value of the crude oil feed / total product mixture from being reduced to u The following 'the one or more properties of the crude oil product are up to 90% changed compared to the one or more individual properties of the crude oil feed. The present invention also provides a method of producing a crude oil product, comprising: at a first temperature, The crude oil feed is contacted with one or more catalysts, and then contacted at a second, θ degree to produce a total product containing crude oil products, where # 中 crude oil = a liquid mixture at 25C and 0-101 MPa. The crude oil feed has TAN of at least 0.3; and control The contact conditions are such that the first contact temperature is at least lower than the second contact temperature 3 (rc), so that the crude oil product has the most read TAN compared to that of the crude feed, which " AN is determined by As. 4 The present invention A method of producing a crude product is also provided, which includes: contacting a crude feed with-or multiple catalysts to produce a total product containing the crude product: wherein the crude product is a liquid mixture at 25 ° C and 0.10 MPa The feedstock has at least G.3❸ TAN, the crude oil feed has a sulfur content of 2 grams, and the crude feed has at least 0.0001 grams of sulfur, and the at least one catalyst comprises one or more metals of the periodic table 帛 6, the sixth table of the periodic table One or more compounds of metal or metals, or mixtures thereof; and control contact strips: so that the crude oil product has a TAN with a TAN of up to 90% of the crude oil feed, and the crude product has a sulfur content of The sulfur content of the crude oil feed from 70 to 13%, where TAN is determined by the Dip method D664 and sulfur content is determined by the ASTM method D4294. The present invention also provides a method for producing a crude product, including: Feed crude oil Total product contacting one or more catalyst to produce a crude product containing γ 15 200535228

1 克 Wherein the crude product is a liquid mixture at 25 ° C and 0.11 MPa, the crude feed has a TAN of at least 0.1, the crude feed has a residue content of at least 0.1 per gram of crude feed Residues of the at least one catalyst comprising one or more metals of the Periodic Table 6 or one or more compounds of the metals of the Periodic Table 6 or a mixture thereof; and controlling contact conditions so that the crude oil product A TAN with a maximum TAN of 90% of the crude oil feed, such that the crude product has a residue content of 70 to 130% of the crude oil feed residue, where TAN is determined by ASTM method D664 ' The residue content is determined by ASTM method D5307. The invention also provides for the production of crude oil

The feed is contacted with one or more catalysts to produce a total product containing a crude product where the crude product is at 25. . And 0.10 MPa is a liquid mixture, the original = feed has a TAN of at least 0.1, the crude feed has a VG content of at least grams of VG per gram of crude feed, the at least one catalyst contains The sixth or more metals of the periodic table, the sixth or more metals of the periodic table, or more compounds, or mixtures thereof; and controlling the contact bar so that the crude oil product has a TAN of up to $ 9 ()% of the The crude oil is fed with TAN, so that the crude oil product has a radon content of 70 to 80. The VG0 content is determined by ASTM method D5307. The present invention also provides a method for producing crude oil products, including: : Contact with-or multiple catalysts to produce a total output containing crude oil products; Canton crude oil products under hunger and 〇1〇1 和 are liquid crude oil with a TAN of at least 0.3, which can be obtained by \ : Make one or more metals contained in I # Panyin Zhiri Zhu μ, Dan, Zhou J, cousin 6, period name 16 200535228 6th-one or more compounds of multiple metals, or a mixture thereof To produce catalyst precursors; in the presence of—or This catalyst precursor is heated at a temperature of sore forming catalyst, and the control-condition :: so that the crude product has a TAN up to 49. Oil feed TAN.

:: Ming also provides a method for producing crude oil products, which includes: contacting crude oil with a wide range of catalysts to produce a total product containing crude oil products, wherein the crude oil product is a liquid mixture under the condition of 0.101%, and the crude oil The feed has a viscosity of at least 10 coffee at 37. (like 10 yesterday). This == has at least API specific gravity, the at least one catalyst contains one or more metals of the periodic table, one of the six columns of the periodic table or 8. = (lower viscosity) of the crude oil feed at 37. 8: (: the following: multiple = genus-or more compounds, or mixtures thereof; and control of contact conditions so that the crude oil product has a viscosity at 37.rc of up to 90% And make the crude oil product have an Apy specific gravity of 70 to 130% of the crude feed, wherein the 'Η specific gravity system 2 is determined by ASTM method D6822, and the viscosity is measured by ASTM method D2669

Determination. The present invention also provides a method for producing a crude oil product, comprising: contacting crude oil with one or more catalysts to produce a total product containing a crude oil product, wherein the crude oil product is liquid at 25 ° C and 0.1 MPa A mixture, the feedstock having a TAN of at least 0.1, the one or more catalysts comprising: one or more catalysts containing vanadium, one or more vanadium compounds, or a mixture thereof; and an additional catalyst, wherein the additional The catalyst contains one or more of the sixth column metal, or one or more compounds of the sixth metal group, or a combination thereof; and 200517 200535228 making contact conditions so that the crude oil produces 嶋 TAN of up to 90% of the crude oil TAN of the feed, where TAN is determined by ASTM method D664. The present invention also provides a method for producing a crude oil product, comprising: contacting a crude oil feed with-or a plurality of catalysts to produce a total product containing a crude oil product, wherein the crude oil product is a liquid mixture at 25 t: and 0.101 MPa, the crude oil The feed has at least @ TAN; hydrogen is generated during the contact, and the contact conditions are controlled so that the crude product has a TAN that is at most the tank's TAN of the crude feed, where TAN is determined by method D664.

The present invention also provides a method for producing a crude oil product, comprising: contacting a crude oil feed with-or a plurality of catalysts to produce a total product containing a crude oil product, wherein the crude oil product is a liquid mixture at 0.101 MPa and the oil feed The material has at least @, the at least one catalyst contains ytterbium, or a plurality of vanadium compounds, or a mixture thereof; and the contact conditions are controlled so that the contact temperature is at least 2G (TC 'makes the crude product have a TAN of 90% at most The TAN of this crude oil feed, where TAN is determined by ASTM method "M.

The present invention also provides a method for producing a crude oil product, comprising: contacting a crude oil feed with-or a plurality of catalysts to produce a total product containing a crude oil product, wherein the crude oil product is a liquid mixture at 25t and 0.101 MPa, and the crude oil The feed has a TAN of at least G.i, the at least-the catalyst contains a star, or a vanadium compound, or a mixture thereof; a gas source containing hydrogen is supplied during the contact; the gas flow is in the opposite direction as the crude feed Supply; and controlling contact conditions so that the crude oil product has a TAN of the crude oil feed with a TAN of up to 90%, where the TAN is determined by the "Dry Method D664. The invention also provides a method for producing a crude oil product, including: The crude oil 18 200535228 feed is contacted with one or more catalysts to produce a total product containing a crude oil product, wherein the crude oil product is a liquid mixture at 25 ° C and 0. 〇1 MPa, the crude oil feed is The feed has a total Ni / V / Fe content of at least 0.0002 g, the at least one catalyst comprises vanadium, one or more vanadium compounds, or a mixture thereof, and the vanadium catalyst has mesopores A pore size distribution of at least i80A; and controlling the contact conditions so that the crude oil product has a Ni / v / Fe content of the crude oil feed with a total Ni / V / Fe content of up to 90%, of which the Ni / V / Fe content It is determined by ASTM method D5708. The present invention also provides a method for producing a crude oil product, comprising: contacting a crude oil feed with-or a plurality of catalysts to produce a total product containing a crude oil product, wherein the crude oil product is at 25. (; And 0.10 Mpa is a liquid mixture, the at least one catalyst contains hunger, or more compounds, or a mixture thereof, the crude oil feed contains-or more organic acids-or more metal detection salts,- One or more alkaline earth metal salts of one or more organic acids, or a mixture thereof, the crude oil feed has a total alkali metal and alkaline earth metal content of at least 10,000 grams of organic acid metal salt per gram of crude oil feed And control the contact conditions so that the crude oil product has a metal test and a soil test metal in the form of an organic acid metal salt "" to take more than 90% of the metal test and an alkaline earth metal in the form of an organic acid metal salt in the crude oil feed " , 苴 φ 古 里The content of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals in the form of organic acid metal salts is determined by ASTM method Dl318. :: Ming also provides a method for producing crude oil products, which includes: contacting crude oil feeds :,-, or multiple catalysts to produce The total product containing crude oil products, which is a liquid mixture at 25C and 0.11 MPa. The crude oil feed contains one or more organic acids—or more metal test salts, one or 19 200535228.

In the case of organic & multiple soil test metal rhenium, or a mixture thereof, the crude oil feed has at least 0.0000 1 g of total metal test soil and soil test metal content per gram of crude oil feed, the At least one catalyst has a pore size distribution with a median pore t in the range of 90 A to 180 A. At least 60% of the total number of pores in the pore size distribution have pore positions in the median pore size range of 45 people, where the pore size distribution It is determined by the astm method; and the contact conditions are controlled so that the crude oil product has an alkali metal and alkaline earth metal content in the form of organic acid metal salt in a total amount of 90% of the alkali metal in the form of an organic acid gold f salt of the crude oil feed. And test soil metal content, in which the content of alkali metal and alkaline earth metal in the form of metal salt of organic acid was determined by astm & Di3i8.

The present invention also provides a method for producing a crude oil product, comprising: contacting a crude oil feed with-or a plurality of catalysts to produce a total product containing a crude oil product, wherein the crude oil product is liquid at 25 t and 0.11 MPa Mixture, the crude oil feed has a total Ni / V / Fe content of at least 0. _02 grams per gram of crude oil feed, and the at least one catalyst has a pore size distribution with a median pore size ranging from ㈣a to A ' The total number of pores in the pore size distribution of at least 6⑽ has a pore size in the range of 45 A median pore size, where the pore size distribution is measured by ASTM method D4282 and the contact conditions are controlled so that the crude oil product has a total, Ni / V / Fe content of up to 490% of the crude feed

Ni / V / Fe 3, where the Ni / V / Fe content is determined by ASTM method D57008. The present invention also provides a method for producing crude oil products, which includes: contacting a crude oil feed with-or a plurality of catalysts to Production of a total product containing a crude oil product, wherein the crude oil product is a liquid g mixture at 0. MPa MPaT, the 20 200535228 crude oil feed has at least G • facet of organic acid metal salt form base per gram of crude oil feed The total content of metals and alkaline earth metals. At least one catalyst has a pore size distribution with a median pore size of at least 4 180, which is determined by the method D4282. The catalyst has one or more metals containing the sixth block of the periodic table. Table 6 lists the pore size distribution of one or more compounds of one or more metals, or a mixture thereof; and controlling the contact conditions so that the crude oil product has an organic acid metal salt in the form of a total alkali metal and alkaline earth metal content of at most

The content of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals in the form of metal salts of organic acids in 90% of this crude oil feed, and the content of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals in the form of metal salts of organic acids in # are determined by ASTM method D 1 31 8.

The present invention also provides a method of producing a crude oil product, comprising: contacting a crude oil feed with one or more catalysts to produce a total product containing a crude oil product, wherein the crude oil product is at 25 ° C. (: And 0.101 MPa is a liquid mixture, the crude oil feed contains one or more organic acid one or more alkali metal salts, one or more organic acid one or more alkaline earth metal salts, or a mixture thereof, the crude oil feed is Each gram of crude oil feed has a total alkali metal and alkaline earth metal content in the form of an organic acid metal salt of at least 0 00001 grams. The at least one catalyst has a pore size distribution with a median pore size of at least 230A, which is determined by ASTM method D4282. The catalyst has a pore size distribution comprising one or more metals of the sixth column of the periodic table, one or more compounds of one or more metals of the sixth table of the periodic table, or a mixture thereof; and controlling the contact conditions so that the crude oil product has an organic acid The total content of alkali metal and alkaline earth metal in the form of metal salt is up to 90%. The content of alkali metal and alkaline earth metal in the form of organic acid metal salt in the crude oil feed contains the metal and soil metal content of the organic acid metal salt. Department of Dreams 21 200535228 was determined by ASTM method D1318.

The present invention also provides a method for producing a crude oil product, comprising: contacting a crude oil feed with-or a plurality of catalysts to produce a total product containing a crude oil product, wherein the crude oil product is liquid at 2nd generation and 0.1 MPa A mixture of crude oil feeds having a total Ni / V / Fe content of at least 0.000G2 grams of Ni / V / Fe per gram of crude feed, the at least one catalyst having a pore size distribution with a median pore size of at least 230A, which As determined by the method D4282, the catalyst has a pore size of 7 or more metals containing one or more metals of the periodic table 多种 6, one or more metals of the sixth table of the periodic table-or multiple compounds, or a mixture thereof with a pore size of 7 ^ and controlled contact The conditions are such that the crude product has a Ni / V / Fe content of the crude feed with a total I of up to 90%, where s is determined by ASTM method D 5 7 0 8

The present invention also provides a method for producing a crude oil product, comprising: contacting a crude oil feed with-or a plurality of catalysts to produce a total product containing a crude oil product, wherein the crude oil product is liquid at 25 t and 0.11 MPa A crude oil feed comprising one or more alkali metal salts of one or more organic acids, one or more alkaline earth metal rhenium of one or more organic acids, or a mixture thereof, the crude oil feed = per gram of crude oil feed having at least The total content of alkali metal and alkaline earth metal in the form of a metal salt of organic acid G_G1, the at least one catalyst has a pore size distribution of 90A, which is determined by the astm method D4282: In the medium, based on the weight of molybdenum, * there is a key, one or more surface compounds, or a mixture thereof in a total molybdenum-containing range of from 0.0001 to 0.3 grams; and controlling the contact conditions so that the crude oil product has The total content of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals in the form of organic acid metal salts is up to 90% of the crude oil. 22 200535228 The content of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals in the form of organic acid metal salts in the feed. Genus and experience-based earth metal content as determined by Sleeper butoxy μ Method D1 318. The present invention also provides for the production of a crude oil product, cubobarium · barium feed, which is contacted with one or more catalysts to produce a total product containing a crude oil product, wherein the crude oil product is a liquid mixture at 25 ° C and 0.101 MPa. The crude feed has a TAN of at least 0.3 and the crude feed has a total Ni / V / Fe content of at least 0.00002 grams per gram of crude feed, the at least one catalyst has a median pore size of at least 90A The pore size distribution of the catalyst is determined by the method D4282. The catalyst has a total indium content of 0.0001 g to 0.3 g per gram of catalyst, based on the weight of molybdenum, one or more minus: Or a mixture thereof; and controlling the contact conditions so that the crude oil product has M of the crude oil feed with a TAN of up to 90% and the crude oil product has a crude Ni / V / Fe content of up to 9 ()% of the crude oil The content, the central radon content is determined by the deletion method D5708, and the TAN is determined by the ASTM method D664. Ming also provides a method for producing crude oil products, including: contacting crude oil with Wu—or various catalysts to produce a total product containing crude oil products, / f〇a crude oil feed package-JL-^ / one or more organic acids Test metal salts, squeaks of organic acids, bismuth salts, or mixtures thereof. The crude oil is fed at m ^ / g per gram of crude oil feed, up to > 0.0000 g. Organic acid metal contains: f Meng s ... s $, the at least one catalyst package) a metal of 11 or 11 times in Table β of the week J table, in column 6 of the periodic table: middle: crude oil products at 25t and Liquid mixtures at 0. m MPa, this or 23 200535228 one or more compounds of one or more metals, or mixtures thereof; and (magic periodic table Le 100 bar one or more metals, one of the periodic table Or more = metallic-or more compounds, or mixtures thereof, wherein the molar ratio of the total amount of the 10th block to the total amount of the 6th block metal is in the range of i to 10; control the contact conditions so that the Crude oil products have the shape of organic acid metal salts

The total content of metal test and soil test metal is up to 90%, and the content of alkali metal and alkaline earth metal in the form of H acid gold: salt, the content of alkali metal and alkaline earth metal in the form of organic acid metal salt is determined by ASTM Method determination. The present invention also provides a method for producing a crude oil product, comprising: contacting a crude oil feed with-or a plurality of catalysts to produce a total product containing a crude oil product, wherein the crude oil product is a liquid mixture at 25t and 0.101 MPa, The crude feed has a total Ni / V / Fe content of at least 0.00002 grams of Ni / V / Fe per gram of crude feed, and the at least one catalyst comprises: (a) = column 6 of the period table-or more metals , One or more compounds of one or more metals in the β-frame of the periodic table 'or mixtures thereof; and ⑻ one or more metals in the M of the periodic table, one or more compounds of one or more metals in the f 10 of the periodic table, Or a mixture thereof, in which the molar ratio of the total amount of the 10th metal to the total amount of the 6th metal is in the range of 至 i to 10; and the contact conditions are controlled so that the crude oil product has the largest total Ni / V / Fe content The Nl / V / Fe content of a 90% cough crude oil feed, where the Nl / V / Fe content is determined by the "Η Method D5708. The present invention also provides a method for producing a crude oil product, comprising: feeding a crude oil Contact with one or more catalysts to produce a total product containing crude oil products, 2 4 200535228

Wherein, the crude oil product is a liquid mixture at 2 RΠ 1 Π1 1UD Mu OC and 〇 101 MPa, the crude oil feed contains one or more alkali metal salts of one or more ancient acids, one or more organic acids A single or cutting of the eighteen MBs, a kind of alkaline earth to a genus salt, or a mixture thereof, the crude oil is fed in gram per gram of crude oil feed Φ and ancient $ / 丨, η η η Λ Λ in the middle of eight / 〇 〇〇〇〇〇〗 gram of organic acid metal salt-shaped metal test and soil test phoenix 7 into the soil metal contains 1, the one or more catalysts include · (a) a kind of catalyst, Xi Chu 4丄 Miscellaneous Gans > ^ Bendi a catalyst in the first catalyst per gram, the weight of the metal is 十 Shi 'contains one or more metals in column 6 of the periodic table of Q⑽.UU01 to 0.06 grams, One or more compounds of one or more metals, or a mixture thereof, of the one or more metals of the cousin δ cousin β cycle of the periodic flute, and (b) a catalyst, the second catalyst in the mother g In one of the catalysts, the Ding Ding belongs to the T. genus I, which contains at least 0.02 g of one or more of the periodic table younger β β to the 6th periodic table. One or more ridges of one or more metals, saccharin, Japanese humor, or a compound thereof; and a test strip that controls the contact strip so that the emu oil product has the form of a metal salt of an organic acid. The organic acid metal salt and the metal test soil in the material belong to Dongdan Ganshiyuu eight to three genus, and its central organic acid metal salt form of the alkali metal and soil test metal content is determined by deletion method. The present invention also provides a method for producing a crude oil product. The feedstock includes a plurality of 鯆 Μ 4 ^ Ε 〃, and a crude oil + a catalyst is brought into contact to produce a total product containing a crude oil product. It is a liquid mixture with Q • ⑴. The feed contains one or more metal test salts of one or more organic acids, or one or more alkaline earth metals of organic acids, and '-= in the mother gram crude oil feed. Have at least. _〇1 grams of organic acid metal phoenix-shaped alkali metal and alkaline earth metal fine content of the ancient genus, the heart 3, at least one catalyst in each gram of catalyst, based on the weight of the metal, containing 3 male lead / 0. 001 grams of the periodic table 25 200535228 6-one or more metals, one or more compounds of one or more metals in the sixth column of the periodic table, or a mixture thereof; and control of the liquid space velocity in the contact zone exceeds ~ ... And make the crude oil product have 1 organic acid metal salt form metal test and soil test metal content up to 90%, the organic acid metal salt form metal test and soil test metal in crude oil feed contains 1, of which organic acid The content of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals in the form of metal salts was measured by ASTM method D1318.

The present invention also provides a method for producing a crude oil product, comprising: contacting a crude oil feed with-or a plurality of catalysts to produce a total product containing a crude oil product, wherein the crude oil product is a liquid mixture at 25t and G. m MPa, the The crude oil feed has a total of at least 0,2 shoulders per gram of crude oil feed.

Content of the at least one catalyst per gram of catalyst order, based on the weight of the metal, 'contains at least UG1 grams of column 6 or more of the periodic table, or one or more compounds of one or more metals in column 6 of the periodic table Or its mixture; and controlling the contact conditions so that the liquid space velocity in the contact zone exceeds 10 h and the crude oil product has a Nl / V / Fe content of the crude oil feed with a total content of at most w, wherein the content is borrowed Determined by ASTM method D5708. The present invention also provides a method for producing a crude oil product, comprising: contacting raw materials with-or a plurality of catalysts to produce a total product containing a crude oil product; wherein the crude oil product is a liquid mixture at 25t and 0 · 101 MPa, Crude oil feeds have an oxygen content of at least 0,0001 oxygen per gram of crude oil feed, and a sulfur content of at least 4 0 · _! Grams of sulfur, and the at least one catalyst contains at least one of the periodic table f 6-or more Metal, one of the sixth column of the periodic table or 26 200535228 metals—or compounds thereof or mixtures thereof; and controlling the contact conditions so that the crude oil product has an oxygen content of up to 4 90% of the oxygen content of the crude oil feed , And make the crude product have a sulfur content of? From 0 to ⑽, the sulfur content of the crude oil feed is determined by ASTM method E385 and the sulfur content is measured by ASTM method D4294. The present invention also provides a method for producing a crude oil product, which comprises: contacting a crude oil feed with one or more catalysts to produce a total product Y containing a crude oil product, wherein the raw material > 'from the product at the muscle spear mouth 0.11 It is a liquid mixture at MPa. The crude oil feed has a total Ni / V / Fe content of at least 0.0002 grams per gram of crude feed and a sulfur content of at least 0.001 grams of sulfur. The medium contains one or more metals in column 6 of the periodic table, one or more compounds of one or more metals in column 6 of the periodic table, or a mixture thereof; and controlling the contact conditions so that the crude oil product has a total Ni / V / Fe content Ni / V / Fe content of the crude oil feed of up to 90% and the crude product having a sulfur content of 70 to 130% of the crude oil feed, where Ni / v / Fe Swallow 1 was measured by ASTM method D5708, and sulfur content was measured by method D4294. The invention also provides a method for producing a crude product, comprising: contacting a crude feed with one or more catalysts to produce a total product containing a crude product, wherein the crude product is a liquid mixture at 25 ° C and 0.101 MPa, the A crude oil feed comprising one or more alkali metal salts of one or more organic acids, one or more earth test metal salts of one or more organic acids, or a mixture thereof, the crude oil feed has at least 0-0000 1 per gram of crude oil feed The total content of alkali metal and alkaline earth metal in the form of organic acid metal salt, the residue content is at least 0.1 27 200535228 grams of edging, the at least one catalyst contains one or more metals in the β of the periodic table, the 6th in the periodic table One or more compounds of one or more metals, or a mixture thereof; and controlling the contact conditions so that the crude oil product has an organic acid metal salt in the form of a total alkali metal and alkaline earth metal content of up to 90% in the crude oil feed Alkali and alkaline earth metal content in the form of a metal salt of an organic acid and the crude oil product has a residue of 70 to 13% of the crude oil feed residue Amount 'form wherein the alkali metal salts of organic acids and alkali metal content based ^ measurement by ASTM method D1318, and residue content-based assay by ASTM method D5307. The present invention also provides a method for producing a crude oil product, comprising: contacting a crude oil feed with one or more catalysts to produce a total product containing a crude oil product, wherein the crude oil product at 25 ° C and 0.11 MPa is Liquid mixture, the crude feed having a residue content of at least 0.1 g in the parent gram crude feed, a total Ni / V / Fe content of at least 0.0002 g, the at least one catalyst comprising a periodic table One or more metals of the sixth bar, one or more compounds of one or more metals of the sixth table of the periodic table, or a mixture thereof; and control of the contact so that the crude oil product has a total Ni / v / Fe content of at most ^ Nl / V / Fe content of the crude oil feed, and the crude oil product has a residue content of the crude oil feed with a residue content of 70 to 130%, wherein the Ni / V / Fe content is determined by ASTM method D57 〇8, and the residue content was measured by ASTM method D5307. The invention also provides a method for producing a crude product, comprising: contacting a crude feed with one or more catalysts to produce a total product containing a crude product, wherein the crude product is a liquid mixture at 25 ° C and 0.101 MPa, the 28 200535228 Crude oil feed containing one or more organic acids—or more metal test salts—or one or more alkaline earth metal rhenium of organic acids, or a mixture thereof. ㈣ Gas oil with a content of at least A: The total content of metal and metal producing metal in the form of an organic acid metal salt of 01 grams, from A to ^ ^ mouth system to V — a catalyst containing cycle One or more metals in Table 6 or one or more compounds of one or more metals in column 6 of the Periodic Table or mixtures thereof; and controlling the contact conditions so that the crude oil product has

Organic acid metal salt in the form of organic acid metal salt in which the total content of alkali metal and alkaline earth metal is at most 90%, and the content of organic metal and alkaline earth metal in the organic acid metal salt form, and the crude product has a VG content of 7 The VG0 content of the crude oil feed to M⑽, where the VG0 content was determined by measurement, and the alkali metal and alkaline earth metal content in the form of metal salts of organic acids were determined by ASTM method D1318. Say

The present invention also provides a method for producing a crude oil product, comprising: contacting a crude oil feed with one or more catalysts to produce a total product containing a crude oil product, wherein the crude oil product is liquid at 25r and 0.11 MPa Mixture, the crude oil feed has a total Ni / V / Fe content of at least 0.002 g, a vg0 content of at least 0 g per gram of crude feed, and the at least one catalyst comprises a periodic table One or more metals in column 6, one or more compounds of one or more metals in the sixth table of the periodic table, or a mixture thereof; and controlling the contact conditions so that the crude oil product has a total Ni / V / Fe content of up to 90. % The should

Ni / V / Fe content of the crude oil feed and the crude product having a VG0 content of 70 to 130% of the VG0 content of the crude feed, where the vgq content is determined by ASTM method D5307, and the Ni / The V / Fe content is measured by ASTM 29 200535228 method D5708. The present invention also provides a method for producing a crude oil product, comprising: contacting a crude oil feed with one or more catalysts to produce a total product containing crude oil products,

And controlling the contact conditions, the crude oil product has an organic acid metal salt-shaped alkali metal and alkaline earth metal content of up to 90% of the alkali metal and alkaline earth metal content of the crude oil feeder acid metal salt form, ^ Dan T The content of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals in the form of metal salts of organic acids was measured by the ASTM method. Wherein the crude oil product is a liquid mixture at 0.110 MPa, the crude oil feed comprises one or more alkali metal salts of one or more organic acids, one or more alkaline earth metal rhenium of one or more organic acids, or In a mixture, the crude oil feed has a total alkali metal and alkaline earth metal content in the form of an organic acid metal salt of at least G._G1 per gram of crude oil feed. The at least one catalyst can be obtained by: One or more metals listed in Table 6, one or more compounds of one or more metals listed in Table 6, or a mixture thereof to produce a catalyst precursor in the presence of one or more sulfur-containing compounds , Heating the catalyst precursor at a temperature lower than 4001: to form a catalyst;

The present invention also provides a method for producing a crude oil product, comprising: contacting a crude oil feed with one or more catalysts to produce a total product containing a crude oil product, wherein the crude oil product is a liquid mixture at 25 ° C and 0.101 MPa, The crude oil feed has a total Ni / V / Fe content of at least 0.0002 grams per gram of crude oil feed, and the at least one catalyst can be obtained by using the carrier and column 6 of the periodic table One or more metals, one of column 6 of the periodic table, one or more compounds of multiple metals, or mixtures thereof to produce catalysts before the catalyst 30 200535228; in the presence of one or more sulfur-containing compounds, below 4 Heating the catalyst precursor at a temperature of 〇 ° C to form a catalyst; and controlling the contact conditions so that the crude oil product has a Ni / V / Fe content of the crude oil feed with a total Ni / V / Fe content of up to 90% , Where Ni / V / Fe content is determined by ASTM method D5708. The present invention also provides a crude oil composition containing per gram of crude oil composition: at least 0.001 g of a hydrocarbon having a boiling range distribution between 0.1 1 MPa and 95 ° C and 260 ° C; at least 0.001 grams of boiling range distribution of hydrocarbons between 260 C and 3 2 0 C at 0.11 Mpa; at least 0.001 grams of boiling range distribution at 320 at 0.101 MPa. Hydrocarbons between 0 and 65 (rc); and 1 per gram of crude oil product contains more than 0 g, but less than 0.01 g of one or more catalysts.

The present invention also provides the original composition containing per gram of crude oil composition: at least 0.01 g of sulfur, which is determined by ASTM method D4294 at least 0.2 g of residue, which is measured by ASTM method D5307 It has a weight ratio of MCR content of at least 1.5 to (: 5 asphaltene content), where MCR content is determined by ASTM method D4530, and Cs asphaltene content is determined by ASTM method D2007. 5 The present invention also provides the production of crude oil A method for producing a product, comprising: = contacting with-or a plurality of catalysts to produce a total output containing crude oil products ^ wherein the crude oil product has a condensable material at 25 t and 0.1 MPa per gram of crude oil feed to The normalized content / original = mouth = can be obtained by: Carrying the carrier with the sixth table of the periodic table or the second species of Meng '' Periodic table of one or more metals — or 31 200535228

In the presence of a sulfur compound, or a mixture thereof, to produce a catalyst precursor, the catalyst S is heated at a temperature of 5 0 C to control the catalyst precursor and the contact conditions are controlled so that The crude product is made to have a rhenium content of the crude oil feed with a rhenium content of at most 90%, wherein the dynamic content is determined by ASTM method D4530. The present invention also provides a method of producing a crude oil product, comprising: contacting a crude oil feed with—or a plurality of—to produce a total product containing crude oil, wherein the crude oil product is at 25. . And 〇1〇1, condensable, the crude oil feed has a content of at least UG1 grams per gram of crude oil feed, the at least one catalyst has a pore size distribution with a median pore size in the range of 70 A to 180 people, At least 60% of the total number of pores in the pore size distribution has a pore size in the range of π median pore size, where the pore size distribution is determined by As · M ·? MCR having a maximum of 90% of the crude oil feed, wherein the MCR is determined by the astm method D453. The present invention also provides a crude oil composition which contains the following per gram of composition · up to 0.004 grams of oxygen, It is determined by ASTM method E385; up to 0.03 grams of sulfur, which is determined by ASTM method D4294; and at least 0.3 grams of residue, which is determined by ASTM method D5307. The invention also provides per gram The composition contains the following crude oil composition: up to 0,004 g of oxygen, measured by ASTM method E385; up to 0.003 g of sulfur, measured by ASTM method D4294; up to 0.04 g Analytical nitrogen, determined by ASTM method D2896; at least 0.2 g of residue , Which is measured by ASTM method D5307; and the composition has a TAN of at most 32 200535228 which is 0.5, which is measured by ASTM method shame. The present invention provides a crude oil composition containing per gram of the composition: at least 0.001 grams of sulfur, which is measured by ASTM method D4294; to ^ 0.2 g of residue, which is tested by ASTM method The composition has a weight ratio of at least 1.5 MCR content to c5 asphaltene content, and The composition has a maximum TAN of 0.5, where tan is determined by the ASTM method D664, the weight of the MCR is measured by the ASTM method M53〇, and the weight of the C5 cyanide is measured by the ASTM method D2 07 Determination. In some specific examples, the present invention and those combining one or more methods or compositions of the present invention also provide the following crude oil feeds: (a) those that have not been processed, distilled and / or fractionated in a refining mill; (b) contain carbon For components with a number greater than 4, the crude oil feed contains at least 0.5 grams of such feeds per gram of crude oil feed; (c) contains hydrocarbons, some of which have: less than 1 at 0 10 MPa The boiling range distribution of 〇〇c, the boiling range distribution between 100 ° C and 200 ° C at 0.1 MPa, 200 ° C and 300. (: Buddhist process distribution between 'boiling distribution between 300 ° C and 400 ° C at 0.101 MPa' and between 40,000 and 65 ° C at 010 MPa (D) In each gram of crude oil feed contains at least: 0.0001 grams of hydrocarbons with a boiling range distribution below 0.100 MPa at 0.101 MPa, and 0.0000 grams of Hydrocarbons with a boiling range distribution between 0.100 ° C and 200 ° C at 0.101 MPa '001 grams have a boiling range distribution between 2000C and 300 ° at 0.11 MPa Hydrocarbons between C, 0.01 g have a boiling range distribution between 300 ° C and 40 ° C at 0.1 Mpa, and 0.0000 g have a boiling range distribution at 0 · Hydrocarbons between 40 ° C and 650 ° C at 101 MPa; (e) with 33 200535228

There is an order AN of at least 0.1, at least A Ί · 3 'or in the range of 0.3 to 20, 0.4 to 10, or 0-5 to 5; ; Is the initial boiling point of 200 C, (g) contains nickel, vanadium and iron; (h) contains at least 0.0000 g of total Ni / V / Fe per gram of crude oil feed; (i ) Contains sulfur; (j) in each voucher; § ,, 丄, · 'The feed contains at least 0.001 gram or 0.05 gram of sulfur, (k) in each Xiangju, Xiongxi oil feed Contains at least 0.001 g of VG. (1) Everyone contains at least 0.1 g of residue in the mother gram crude oil. (M) Package

Each b oxygen ^, (n) one or more alkali metal salts of one or more organic acids, one or more organic acid- or soil test metal salts, or a mixture thereof; (0) at least one zinc salt comprising an organic acid And / or (P) at least one divine salt comprising an organic acid. In several specific examples, the present invention and those combining one or more methods or compositions of the present invention also provide crude oil feeds that can be obtained by removing naphtha and more volatile compounds than naphtha from crude oil. material. In certain specific examples, the present invention and those combining one or more methods or compositions of the present invention also provide a method of contacting a crude oil feed with one or more catalysts to produce a total product containing a crude oil product, wherein the crude oil feed And crude oil products both have q asphaltene content and MCR content, and: (a) the sum of the raw material < k cyanide content and the crude oil feed content is S, and the C5 asphaltene content of the crude product The sum of the MCR content with the crude oil product is S ′, and the contact conditions are controlled so that S ′ is at most 99% of S; and / or (b) the contact conditions are controlled so that the MCR content of the crude oil product and the q-gradient of the crude product The weight ratio of the content is in the range of 1.2 to 2.0, or 丨 · 3 to 1.9. In several specific examples, the present invention and a method or composition combining one or more of the 34 200535228 methods of the present invention also provide a hydrogen source, wherein the hydrogen source is: (a) gaseous state; (b) wind; (c) pinane; (D) light hydrocarbons; (e) inert gases; and / or (f) mixtures thereof. In several specific examples, the present invention and those combining one or more methods or compositions of the present invention also provide a method of contacting a crude oil feed with—or a plurality of catalysts to produce a total product containing crude oil products. The material is contacted in a contact zone located or connected to the offshore equipment.

In some specific examples, the present invention and a combination method or composition of the present invention also provide a method that includes 'feeding crude oil with-or multiple catalysts in the presence of a gas and / or cliff source' Contact and control relays so that: (a) the ratio of gaseous hydrogen source to crude oil feed is 5 to 800 standard cubic meters of f-state hydrogen source per cubic meter of crude oil feed in contact with one or more splash media; ㈦ The net absorption rate of hydrogen is controlled by changing the partial pressure of the hydrogen source; (c) The absorption rate of hydrogen makes the crude oil product have a TAN less than U, but the absorption of wind is less than that during contact The amount of hydrogen absorption that is substantially phase-separated between the crude oil feed and her product; the selected absorption of tritium hydrogen ^ In the cubic meter of crude oil feed is! To 30 or] to 80 standard cubic meters: within the dry envelope of the hydrogen source, the liquid space velocity of the (e) & body and / or hydrogen source is up to v 11 h 'at least 15 丨]' or at most 2 〇ρ; 控制 control the partial pressure of gas and / or hydrogen source during contact; ⑷ contact temperature is in the range of 500 ° C, the total liquid space velocity of gas and / or hydrogen source is in the range of 〇! To】 Within, the total dust force of the gas and / or ammonia source is within 10 to the center: within the consumption range, (h) the flow of the gas and / or hydrogen source is in the direction opposite to the crude oil feed. 'The crude oil product has H / C of the crude oil feed to 1 35 35 200535228; (j) The hydrogen absorbed by the crude oil feed is at most 80 and / or 1 to 80 or 1 to 5 per cubic meter of crude oil feed. 〇Standard cubic meters of hydrogen; (k) The crude oil product has a total Ni / V / Fe content of 90%, up to 50g / g, or up to 10% of the crude feed Ni. / V / Fe content · '(丨) The crude oil product has a sulfur content of 70 to 130% or 80 to 120% of the sulfur feedstock's sulfur content; (m) the crude oil product has a VGO content of 70 to 13% or 90% to 11% of the crude oil VGQ with 13% or 9 feeds contains $; (n) the crude oil product has a residual content of the crude oil feed that is illusive; (.) The crude oil product has milk, the maximum amount of which is 90%, the maximum is 70%, at most 50%, at most, or at most 10% of the oxygen content of the crude oil feed; (p) the crude oil product has a total alkali metal and alkaline earth metal ΓΓ Most are ⑽, or at most the organic 2 yards of the crude oil feed, 丄, · non-alkaline earth metal content, (q) during the contact period, the P value of the crude oil feed is at least] Xi = 5 (R) The crude oil product with a viscosity of 37.8 d is at most 90%, and the maximum oil feed is more than 37. The original U degree is (') The crude product has an API ratio of 70 to 130. % Of the crude oil feed A heavy feed API ratio; and / or (the maximum A π is a maximum of 50%, a maximum of 30%, and a maximum of 2 (U, or more than 10% of the crude oil to 05, nmsn Tt day]] AJV and / or in the range of 0.001. · 2, or 0.05 to 0.1. In a number of specific real assets, the present invention and the method or composition combining the present invention It also provides one or more kinds of aging age "40,000 methods, which include contacting crude oil feed with a catalyst and controlling the contact conditions. 36 200535228 content of organic rhenium compounds, of which: (a) reducing selected organic oxygen compounds Content so that the crude oil product has an oxygen content of up to 90% of the crude oil feed; (b) at least one compound containing an organic oxygen compound includes a metal salt of a carboxylic acid; ⑷ an organic oxygen compound containing At least one compound contains a metal test salt of ㈣; 至少 at least one compound containing an organic oxygen compound contains a metal test salt of acid; (e) at least one compound containing an organic oxygen compound contains a metal salt of acid; wherein The metal includes the metal or metals in column 12 of the periodic table; ⑴ the crude oil product has a non-acidic acid-containing organic compound content in the crude oil feed with the highest content of non-carboxylic acid organic compounds; and / or the crude oil feed At least one of the oxygen-containing compounds is produced from an organic oxygen compound containing a cyclic acid or a non-acid.

In some specific examples, the present invention and those combining one or more methods or compositions of the present invention also provide a method comprising contacting a crude oil feed tray or multiple catalysts, wherein: (a) at the first temperature Then, the crude oil is brought into contact with at least one catalyst, followed by contact at a second temperature, and the contact conditions are controlled so that the first contact temperature is at least lower than the second contact temperature step, under the first hydrogen absorption conditions, and then at the second Under the condition of hydrogen absorption, the crude oil feed is brought into contact with hydrogen. The temperature of the first extraction condition is at least lower than the temperature of the first extraction condition, 3rc; (c) at the first temperature, the crude oil is fed into at least one catalyst. Contact 'followed by contacting at the second temperature, controlling the contact conditions) so that the first-contact temperature is at most lower than the second contact temperature_ generating hydrogen during the contact; (e) generating hydrogen during the contact, and making contact conditions such that The crude oil feed absorbs at least part of the produced chlorosulfonium to contact the crude oil feed with the first and second catalysts. The contact of the crude oil 37 200535228 with the first catalyst produces a crude oil product, which originally had TAN most The TAN of the crude oil feed in 4 states; (g) in contact with the finest bed towels; in contact with the ebullated bed reaction; in contact with the towels; ⑴ so that the crude oil feed is in contact with a green ^ ;, R. Fei Xi After the catalyst is contacted, it is contacted with an additional catalyst. (J) The one or more catalysts are a total catalyst y and a vanadium catalyst, so that after contacting the crude oil feed with the catalyst, Human ^ contacted with additional catalyst in the presence of Feiyuan; (It is the peak production rate per cubic meter of crude oil feed rate. M ^ ^ 20 only indicates the production of speed sheep in the range of quasi-cubic meters, (1) produced during the contact period In the presence of the milk body and at least a portion of the generated nitrogen, the crude feedstock was contacted with a force catalyst, and the contact conditions were controlled so that the gas flow was in the opposite direction of the brake; The wind-heart-bamboo brother is exposed to blood such as total sacrum at one temperature, and then contacted with ^ r. ^ 〃 and catalyst at a second temperature to control the contact conditions ± minus-probability 30C; (n) during the contact Wind rolling is generated, and the crude oil feed is brought into contact with the attached σ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ rv Μ η # 'spider, and the contact conditions are controlled so that the After adding at least a part of the catalyst, the first ⑽ 厣 π #, lice are generated, and / or (0) the crude oil is not contacted with the catalyst, and the contact conditions are controlled so that the second The temperature is at least 18 ° t .. In contact with several specific examples, the toilet of the present invention, one or more of the present invention, or the composition or method of the invention also provides a formula + Xizhan Temple, which Including contacting crude oil feed catalysts, in JL: Γ) ', 〃 〃 catalyst is a supported catalyst and the carrier package is oxidized I, oxidized oxidized, oxidized oxidized oxidized, Oxygen M, weathered town, or mixtures thereof; (b) 縿 no) ^ catalyst is a supported catalyst and the carrier is more 'C. This method also includes additional catalysts that have been treated at a higher temperature before vulcanization; ⑷ The age of the catalyst of at least ^ is at least 38 200535228 0.5 years, and // 10 / x at least on the side of the crude oil feed-the catalyst is in @ 定 床 中 or suspended dry concrete examples The method or composition for injecting fish according to the present invention also provides a formula,:,: ° " Yuezhi-or more or more catalysts Contact, the at least ':, contains the crude oil feed and-the catalyst, the cut catalyst or lump gold, the cut catalyst or lump metal to 10 bar-or more metals :: ⑷ contains the periodic table 5th metal—or more compounds, or I, 2nd or 5th to 10th—or more than at least. Gram, 0.0001: &substance; gram per gram of catalyst: 0.6 grams from 5th to 10th of the periodic table, or 0.0001 to 〇3 to 10%-or more of the metal-or Or more than one metal, Periodic Table 5 (c) contains compounds of the sixth to tenth of the Periodic Table: a compound, or a mixture thereof; to 10- or more metals ΐΓ or multiple metals, the Periodic Table No. 6 ⑷ contains a period A compound, or a complex thereof, from Tables 7 to 1G in the table, to 10 or more or more metals, or to a variety of metals, No. 7 (e) of the periodic table is contained in each gram of catalyst. · 00% compound, or mixtures thereof; grams: ~ 7 to 10 grams of the periodic table ~ to 0.6 grams or 0.0 (H to 〇3 to 10 bars-or more metals Or more metals' Periodic Table 7 ⑴ contains two compounds from 5 to 6 of the periodic table, or mixtures thereof; from column 6 to-or more metals-or more or more metals, Periodic Table 5 ⑷ contains the periodic table The fifth or more compounds or mixtures thereof;

One or more compounds of one or more metals: The catalyst in the 5th gram of the Periodic Table of Metals contains at least 0.0001 grams, or a mixture thereof; ⑻ in each to 0.3 grams, 0.005 to 0.1 grams. 〇〇01 to 0.6 grams, 0.0〇J 〇01 to 〇δ gram: Cycle 39 200535228 Table 5 of one or more metals, periodic-or more compounds, or mixtures of the table-or more metals' The sixth and sixth periodic table of the servants from -K # -e A one or more compounds of the metal, or its compound; ⑴ per gram of catalyst to 0.6 grams, 0.001 Up to 0.3 g, 0.〇〇ΚΜ ^ η ^ 1 g of the periodic table of the first _ _ more than still 厶 至 1 to 0.08 a variety of one or more of this genus ^ cousin 6 block or Γ = , Λ or a mixture thereof; ⑴ contains a period

: One or more kinds of metals, one or more metals of the Periodic Table, or one or more compounds or mixtures thereof; 或其 Two. 0._m.6 grams or 0 00 1 to 0 3 Please include -Or more metals, one or more compounds of the periodic table cousin 10 of the periodic table cousin 10 or one or more of the compounds' or mixtures thereof; (m) ..., one bite = two substances or their mixtures; (n) & contains one or more of: a mixture; (0) including bismuth osmium, osmium A with (D) ... 3 junctions,-or more cobalt compounds, or a mixture thereof;

C P) contains indium, 10% of the compound J ㈣, or a mixture thereof; (q) contains 0.005 ^ per gram of catalyst

-"1 to 0.3 grams or 0.005 to 0.1 grams of: molybdenum, money", a mesh compound, or a mixture thereof; thallium contains tungsten, one or more tungsten compounds, or a mixture of η.. ΛΑ, ( S) The master gram catalyst contains 0.001 to human tungsten,-or a variety of crane compounds, or a mixture thereof; _ Qixi Deba Li #, Tianu, a variety of metals, including column 6 of each periodic table, of which: ln The Mohr ratio of column 10 to column 6 of the periodic table of the species is-or to /, and the molar ratio of the column metal to the 6th metal is j '(u) contains 15 of the periodic table-or more records-' prime 'of the periodic table Gram contact 婢 contains 0, 0 compounds 'or mixtures thereof; (V)' 3 has 0.0001 to 0.06 grams: one or more elements of one or more of the elements in column 15 of the periodic table 40 200535228, one Or more phosphorus compounds, one or more elements of the compound, the 15th compound of the Periodic Table, or a mixture thereof; (w) or a mixture thereof; ⑴ containing a maximum of 4 g per gram of catalyst; and / or (y) Each gram of catalyst contains at least 0.5 oxidized oxide.

In several specific examples, 'the present invention and a method of forming one or more methods or compositions of the present invention also provide a method for forming a catalyst', which includes combining a carrier with-or a plurality of metals to form a carrier / metal mixture. Contains Θ oxidized 'at least 400. . Heat treatment at a temperature of "oxidized carrier / subsidiary buckle" and further includes: (i) combining the carrier / metal mixture with water to form a paste, and extruding the paste; (b) at least 800 Rhenium alumina is obtained by heat-treating alumina at a temperature of 5 ° C .; and / or (c) curing the catalyst. In some specific examples, the present invention and one or more of the methods or compositions of the present invention also provide a method comprising contacting a crude oil feed with one or more catalysts, and the diameter of the-or more catalysts in λ The distribution has: (a) at least 60 A, at least 90 people, at least ΐ80 A, at least 2000 A, at least 230 A, at least 300 A, at most 230 A, and at most 500 A Or in the range of 90 to 180 A, 100 to 140 people, 120 to 130 A, 230 to 250 people, 180 to 500 a, 230 to 500 A; or 60 to 300 A Median pore size; (b) at least 60% of the total number of pores have a pore size in the range of 45A, 35A, or 25A; (c) at least 60 mVg, at least 90 m2 / g, at least l A surface area of at least 200 m2 / g, at least 120 m2 / g, at least 150 m2 / g, at least 2000 m2 / g, or at least 220 m2 / g; and / or (d) at least 0. 3 cm3 / g, at least 41 200535228 is 0.4 cmVg, at least 0.5 cm3 / g, or at least 0.7 total volume of all pore sizes. g. In some specific examples, the present invention and the method or composition combining the present invention also provide a method comprising contacting crude oil with: or more than one supported catalyst, wherein the carrier: (a) & Contains oxide ::::, emulsified silica, oxide, titanium oxide, hafnium oxide, magnesia, or: Do 'and / or zeolite; ⑻ contains gamma oxide and / or 5 oxides; ^: mother Grams of carrier contains at least 0.5 grams of gamma oxide; ⑷ (:) II contains at least 0.3 grams or at least 0.05 grams of θ oxide, · ⑷ contains: aluminum oxide, γ alumina, δ alumina, θ Alumina, or a mixture thereof; ⑴3: The master gram carrier contains up to ΐ grams of oc alumina. In several specific examples, the present invention and those combining one or more small methods or compositions of the present invention also provide-a kind of 鈒 catalyst: ⑷ has a pore size distribution with a median pore size of 60A; ⑻ contains a carrier, and this carrier contains Plutonium oxide: The plutonium catalyst has a pore size distribution with a median pore size of at least 60A; (0 = containing one or more metals in column 6 of the periodic table, one or 3 metals in column 6 of the periodic table-or A plurality of compounds, or a mixture thereof; and / or a compound or catalysts containing at least 0.001 g of the catalyst:-or polymetals in column 6 of the periodic table, one or more compounds of one or more metals in column 6 of the periodic table, Or a mixture thereof. In several specific examples, the present invention and one or more methods or compositions incorporating the present invention also provide a crude oil product having: ⑷ at most (b · 1 '〇. 001 to 0.5, 〇 · 01 to 0.2; or 0.05 to 0.1 TAN; b) up to 0 000009 grams of organic acid metal per gram of crude oil product 42 200535228 salt-shaped alkali and alkaline earth metals; (c) in Each gram of crude oil product has a maximum of j · 00002 grams of Nl Qing and / or Grams of crude oil products are generous, 0 grams, but less than 0.000 grams of at least one catalyst. In several specific examples, the present invention and one or more of the present invention in combination with or, and the creator also provides a One or more alkali metals of one or more organic acids 2 or one or more alkaline earth metal salts of one or more organic acids, or mixtures thereof, "(a) " at least one metal test is lithium, sodium, or potassium; and / or (B) the at least one alkaline earth metal is magnesium or calcium. In some specific embodiments, the present invention and one or more of the present invention or a combination thereof also provide a method comprising: Various catalysts are contacted to produce a total product containing crude oil products. This method still makes the crude oil products the same or different crude oil feeds to form a blend suitable for transportation; the crude oil products and the == Feed the same or different crude oils to combine to form a suitable compound for the processing equipment, (C) fractionate the crude oil product; and / or (d) make the crude oil product into one or more fractions, and produce and transport from the at least one fraction With fuel. In some specific examples, the present invention and a combination of one or more of the present invention also provide a supported catalyst composition, which contains at least 0.3 g or at least 0.3 g 0.5 g of ytterbium alumina; (b) contains delta oxide in the body; (C) contains the most per gram of carrier (M grams of alumina, (d) has a pore size distribution with a median pore size of at least 230A; % Pore volume with a pore size distribution of at least 0.3 cmVg or at least 0.7 ", with a diameter of at least 6" 2 / g or at least 9 "2 / g 43 200535228 Period tf One or more metals in columns 7 to 1 (), 7 to 10 # 1 of the periodic table or a mixture thereof; or a compound of multiple metals—or multiple compounds, love 0 main # [上 3 ^ 期 表 5 Block one or more metals, week, one or more of the five cousins; ⑴ in each gram of contact: people or compounds, or a mixture of… 0.6 grams or 0.001 to 0.3, or the fifth metal of the column, or more than five metal compounds in column 5, 'its: compound' (j) contains the sixth table of the periodic table One or more metals, one or more compounds of one Table 6 weeks bar "or more metals, or a mixture thereof

Per gram of catalyst contains 0.0001 to 0.6 grams or 0.0001 to 0.3 grams per gram of catalyst-or more of the sixth metal, one or more of the sixth column metal compound, or a mixture thereof; (1) & Hungry, a hungry compound, or a mixture thereof (m), molybdenum, one or more molybdenum compounds, or a mixture thereof; (η) containing tungsten, one or more tungsten compounds, or a mixture thereof; (〇) containing cobalt , One or more cobalt compounds, or a mixture thereof; and (P) comprising nickel, one or more nickel compounds, or a mixture thereof.

In some specific examples, the present invention and those combining one or more methods or compositions of the present invention also provide a crude oil composition, which: (a) has a maximum of 1, a maximum of 0.5, a maximum of 0.3, or The maximum is TAN; (b) Contains at least 0.001 gram of boiling range distribution per gram of composition between 95 ° C and 260 at 100 MPa. Hydrocarbons between 〇; at least 0.001 g, at least 0.005 g, or at least 0.001 g of hydrocarbons with a boiling range between 0260 ° C and 320 ° C; and at least 0.00 〇1 〇 · 101 MPa between 320 ° C and 650 ° C smoke contains at least 0.0005 grams of basic nitrogen; (d) 1 01 MPa boiling range distribution In (c) per gram group 44 200535228 per gram of composition contains at least 0.001 g or at least 0.01 gram of total nitrogen, and / or (e) contains the most per gram of composition 0.00005 grams of total nickel and rhenium. 々 In the ten specific examples, the present invention and those who combine one or more methods or compositions of the present invention also provide a crude oil composition comprising one or more m, the at least one catalyst: (a) has The median pore diameter is at least ⑽, which is more than 500 A, and / or the pore size distribution of 90 to 180 A, 100 to 14A, 120F 130 A;

° Hier than 60% of the total number of pores in the pore size distribution have pore sizes in the median pore size range of 45 A, 35 people, or 25 A; ⑷ has at least n, at least 120 m2 / g, or at least m2 / ^ ± Lin g $ to / 22〇m / g surface area; ⑷ contains: carrier contains oxide, silicon oxide, silicon oxide_oxide, oxide oxide cone, magnesium oxide, Buddha stone, and / bit 1 cycle # ς s And / or the compound thereof, (e) one or more metals included in the range from 10 to 10, one or more compounds of the genus Polygonum from the 5th to 10th of the periodic table, or a mixture thereof; ⑴ 包 种 衣 # 5 Column of one or more metals 'block 5 of the periodic table-or one or more compounds of the genus Polyorthus' or

Contains at least 0 nnm Gube, (g) in the master gram catalyst · 001 grams · one or more of the fifth column metal, one night heavy fifth block metal compound, three night block-bite ... fly ... '(H) & contains the sixth variety of the periodic table ^ 帛 6 bar—one or 0.0001 g of one metal. + # The mother gram catalyst contains at least compound two—the sixth metal or more of the sixth metal. Species J or mixtures thereof; ⑴ species containing Periodic Table 1 "; ... one or more of the genus 10 of the Periodic Table ... Xiu Xi Xi, or α ,, θ Ren Li and Xi Ji main genus -or A variety of chemical compounds; and / or a compound containing one or 45 of the 15th column of the periodic table 200535228 multiple elements of the periodic table, or a mixture thereof. In the specific example of one or more elements of 15 进, in the specific example of the step, the specific embodiment of the present invention can be combined with the features of other specific examples of the present invention, such as the specific example of the step, Crude products can be obtained by any of the methods and systems described herein.

Specific examples in further specific examples. [Embodiment] Additional features may be added as described herein. Specific specific examples of the invention are described in more detail herein. The terms used in this article are defined as follows. ASTM refers to the American Standard for Testing Materials. "API specific gravity" refers to the specific gravity of APi at 5 · 5 ° C (60T). The specific gravity of API is determined by ASTM method D6822.

The atomic hydrogen percentage and atomic carbon percentage of crude oil feeds and crude products are determined by ASTM method D5291. Unless otherwise stated, the boiling range distributions of the crude feed, total product, and / or crude product were determined by ASTM method D5307. C: 5 cyanocyanine '' refers to asphaltenes which are insoluble in pentane. g Asphaltene content is determined by ASTM method D2007. "Xth metal" means one or more metals in column χ of the periodic table and / or one or more compounds of one or more metals in column X of the periodic table, where χ corresponds to the number of columns in the periodic table (for example, 丨 to 12). For example, "Column 6 46 200535228 Metal" Biography; One or more compounds of metals. Elements in the X column refer to one or more characters of one or more elements, one or more elements of the periodic table, one or more elements, and one or more elements of the /, The X system corresponds to Zhou_Ben AA, ~ Xihuahua. Objects, of which 15 columns-go, (for example 13 to 18). For example, "TL element in column 15" refers to one or more compounds in column 15 of Zhoukou's list—or more than one element in column 5—or multiple elements and / or cycles-even 7L elements. Within the scope of this application, the periodic table

The weight of the metal compound, the weight of the element of the periodic table, or the weight of the compound on Tuesday = #ri 八 Μ Α 7G of the periodic table I is based on the weight of the metal or element. For each gram of catalyst, use 0J coupons ^ cattle, 3, if • i see M 0 0 q, then the total is ▲ * Λ # ^ ^ ^ η Calculate the Molybdenum metal catalyst in the catalyst 0.067 g. The “content” in t is based on the total weight of S, Table 8. Xuan, > U α / 77 乂 Li slicing rate or re-steel knife rate substrate (such as crude oil feed, total Li Baisheshedan CC m, 、 Heart or crude product) 1313111 refers to parts per million by weight. Crude oil feed / total product mix

mixture. The material is in contact with the catalyst during the treatment and the MPa is between 204t; (4⑽ the remainder content is determined by the ASTM method "distillation" means that the boiling range is distributed at 0.1 () 1 ° F) and 343 ° c (650 ° F) Hydrocarbons between D5307. Heteroatom, refers to the oxygen contained in the molecular structure of the hydrocarbon, and the heteroatom content is determined by the ASTM method for E385 in milk, for D5762 for Teng and for sulfur It is determined by 4294. "Experimental total nitrogen refers to nitrogen compounds with a DKa of less than 40. Alkaline nitrogen ("such as + eight") is determined by ASTM method D2896 47 200535228. "Hydrogen source" means hydrogen 'and / or compounds and / or feeds crude oil when it reacts in the presence of crude oil feed and catalyst A compound in which a compound provides hydrogen. A source of hydrogen may include, but is not limited to, hydrocarbons (such as Ci to C4 hydrocarbons such as pinane, ethane, propylene, butane), water, or a mixture thereof. Mass balance can be performed to Estimate the amount of net hydrogen provided by the compounds in the crude feed. "Flat crush strength, which refers to the compressive force required to crush the catalyst. The crushing strength of the plate was measured by ASTM method D4179. The term LHSV refers to the volume liquid feed rate / total catalyst volume, which is expressed in small t (hr). The total catalyst volume is calculated by summing all the catalyst volumes in the contact area, as described herein. "Liquid mixture, means a composition containing one or more compounds that are liquid at standard temperature and pressure (25t, 00 MPa 'hereinafter referred to as" STP "), or liquid containing STP -A composition of a combination of one or more compounds and one or more compounds that are persistent under STp. The periodic table refers to the periodic table specified by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) in November 2003. _ " The metal in the form of a metal salt of an organic acid refers to an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, zinc, stone, chromium, or a combination thereof. The metal content of the organic acid metal salt was determined by ASTM method D1318. "Slightly residual carbon, (" MCR ") content refers to the amount of residual carbon left after evaporation and pyrolysis of the substrate. The MCR content is determined by ASTM method D453. Naphtha, refers to the boiling range distribution Hydrocarbon composition between 38. 0 (1⑽F) and 200 C (392 卞) at 0.1MPa. Naphtha content is determined by 48 200535228

ASTM method D5307 measured $ D

Ni / V / Fe means nickel, vanadium, iron, or a combination thereof.

The Ni / V / Fe content '' refers to the content of nickel, vanadium, iron, or a combination thereof. The Nl / V / Fe content is measured by ASTM method D5708.

Nm / m is the standard cubic meter of gas per cubic meter of crude oil feed. "Non-weilic acid-containing organic oxygen compound" means an organic oxygen compound containing no carboxyl group (-C02-). Non-carboxylic acid-containing organic oxygen compounds include, but are not limited to, ethers, cyclic ethers, alcohols, aromatic alcohols, ketones, acids, Or a combination thereof, which does not contain a carboxyl group. "Non-rotatable gas" means a gaseous component and / or a mixture of these components under STP. "P (peptide) value" or "P value" means A value representing the tendency of asphaltenes to flocculate in crude oil feed. The P value was determined by j. L Heithaus as described in ^ ourna ^ institute of Petroleum, Vol. 48, Number 458, February 1962, pp. 45 ^ 33. and Significance 〇f Asphaltene peptizati〇n ,,. Pore, "median pore size," and "pore volume," refer to the pore size, median pore size, and pore volume determined by the astm method]) 4284 (mercury porosity method at a contact angle of 140 °). micr⑽eritic, A922〇 Instrument (Micromeritics

Inc., Norcross Georgia, USA) can be used to determine these values. `` Residue '' means a component with a boiling range distribution above 538 (1000), as determined by ASTM method D5307. SCFB "means the standard cubic feet of gas in a barrel of crude oil feed. The" " Surface area, measured by ASTM method D3663. 49 200535228 "TAN ': Refers to the total acid value' expressed in the number of milligrams (" mg ") per gram (,,,) of the sample. TAN is determined by ASTM Measured by method D664. "VGQ" means a hydrocarbon having a boiling range distribution between 343 ^ (650 F) _538 C (100F) at 0.1 G1 MPa. The VG0 content is determined by μ, Determined by method D5307. "Viscosity" refers to the dynamic viscosity at 37 · 8 ° C (100 ° F). Viscosity is measured by ASTM method D445.

In the case of this application, it should be understood that if the values obtained for the properties of the tested substrate are outside the limits of the test method, the test method may be modified and / or recalibrated to test such properties. Crude oil can be produced and / or carbonized from hydrocarbons containing structures and then stabilized. Crude oil may include crude oil. Crude oil is usually solid, semi-solid, and / or liquid. Stabilization may include, but is not limited to, removing non-condensable gases, water, salts, or a combination thereof in the crude oil to form a stable crude oil. This type of stabilization may often occur at or near production and / or retorting sites.

Stable crude oils typically have not been steamed and / or considered in processing equipment to produce multi-components with specific boiling range distributions (e.g., naphtha, fractions, vg0, and / or lubricating oils). Distillation includes, but is not limited to, atmospheric pressure µ method and / or reduced pressure distillation method. Distilled and / or unfractionated stable crudes may contain more than 4 carbons per gram of component with a number of carbons greater than 4 per gram of crude. Examples of stable crude oil include whole crude oil, distillate crude oil, desalted crude oil, desalted distillate, sulfonium, or a combination thereof. "Distillate, ## Processed crude oil, below 35 ° c at MPa Distillate crude has at least a portion per gram so it has been removed with a boiling point of 0.11 (95 ° F at 1 atm) T 50 200535228 or distillate crude oil has a content of up to 0ii and a maximum of 0.02 grams of this kind of ingredients. Grams, pipelines, trucks: wrong by the wheel planter (under the heart (Early barge) Crude oil from conventional processing equipment to have-or more inappropriateness that makes them unfavorable.

It may be unacceptable for conveying vehicles and / or processing equipment. 2. Reasons: The economic value of low-quality crude oil is low. This economic price looks like: the properties of the production, transportation, and / or processing costs of a container containing inferior crude oil are inferior crude oil, which may include, but are not limited to: a) a TAN of at least 0 * ^ Be 乂 0.3; 〇Γς 十 的 洚. APT "St's degree, c) at most 19

The total specific gravity of API 随 / Fe content is at least 0 · Ca 2 per gram of crude oil, or at least imuim grams of Nl test; e) the total content of heteroatoms is at least · 0.005 grams of heteroatoms per crude oil; f ) Yao Yao residue content is at least 0.001 grams of residues per gram of crude oil; g) cyanogen content is at least 彳 G · 04 grams of C5 asphaltene per gram of crude oil; h) MCR content is There is at least 0.002 g of MCR per gram of raw / free; i) Metal content in the form of metal salt of organic acid! 1 gram of metal per gram of crude oil; or j) group 2. In several specific examples, inferior crude oil may have a residue of 0.2 g per gram of inferior crude oil, at least 0.3 g of residue, at least 0.5 g of spoonful of ants, or at least 0. 9 grams of residue. In several specific examples, the inferior crude oil may have a TAN in the range of 0.01 or 0.3 to 2.0, 0.3 or 0.5 to 10, or 0.4 or 0.5 to 5. In certain specific examples, inferior crude oil may have a sulfur content of at least 0.05 grams, at least 0.01 grams, or at least 0.02 grams per gram of inferior crude oil. 51 200535228 In several specific examples, inferior crude oil has properties including, but not limited to: a) a TAN of at least 0.5; b) an oxygen content of at least 0.05 gram per gram of crude oil feed Oxygen; c) eg asphaltene content of at least 0.04 grams of C5 asphaltenes per gram of crude oil feed; d) greater than the desired viscosity (e.g. for crude oil feeds having an API specific gravity of at least 10) >10); e) a metal content in the form of a metal salt of an organic acid of at least 0.00001 g of metal per gram of crude oil; or f) a combination thereof. Inferior crude oil may contain, per gram of inferior crude oil, at least 0.001 g, at least 0.005 g, or at least 0.00 g of hydrocarbons having a boiling range distribution between 90C and 200C at 001 Mpa; At least 0.001 g, at least 0.005 g, or at least ο · οοιg a hydrocarbon having a boiling range distribution between 2000 ° and 300 ° C at 0101 MPa; at least 0.001 g , At least 005 grams, or at least 0.01 grams of hydrocarbons distributed between 300 ° C and 400 ° C at 0.101 MPa; and at least 0.000 grams, at least 0.005 grams, or at least 0.001 grams of low-grade crude oil having a boiling range distribution between 0.1 ° C and 650 ° C at 0.101 MPa may include per gram of poor crude oil: at least 0.1 g, at least 0.00 5 grams, or at least 0.01 grams of boiling range distribution at 001 MPa at most 100t: hydrocarbons; at least 0.001 grams, at least 0.005 grams, or at least 0.01 grams of boiling range distribution at 0.1 MPa Hydrocarbons between 1000 ° C and 200 ° C; a boiling range distribution of at least 0.0001 g, at least 0.005 g, or at least 0.001 g between 200T at 0.101 MPa: and 3 Warp between 00 ° C; at least 0.001 g, at least 0.005 g, or at least 0.01 g of a hydrocarbon having a boiling range distributed between 30 ° C and 400 ° C at 0.101 MPa; and 52 200535228 at least 0.001 g, at least 0.005 Grams, or at least 0.01 grams of hydrocarbons with a boiling range distribution between 0. 0 ° C and 650 ° C at 0. 101 MPa. In addition to the higher boiling point components, several inferior crudes may be included in each gram of inferior crude. At least 0.001 grams, at least 0.005 grams, or at least 0.001 grams of hydrocarbons with a boiling range distribution of up to 100 ° C at 0 · 101 MPa. Typically, inferior crude oil has a maximum of 0 · per gram of inferior crude oil. 2 grams or a maximum of 0.1 grams of such hydrocarbon content. Several poor crude oils may contain at least 0.001 grams, at least 0.005 grams, or at least 0.01 grams of boiling range distribution per gram of poor crude oil. Hydrocarbons of at least 200 ° C at MPa. Several inferior crude oils may contain at least 0.0001 grams, at least 0.005 grams, or at least 0_01 grams of hydrocarbons with a boiling range distribution of at least 650 ° C per gram of inferior crude oil. Can be used Examples of inferior crudes processed by the methods described herein include, but are not limited to, Crude following regions of the world: u S_ Gulf Coast and southern California - Canada Tar & gt sands; Brazilian

Santos and Campos basins, Egypt ian Gul f of Suez, Chad, United Kingdom North Sea, Angola Offshore, Chinese Bohai Bay, Venezuelan Zulia, Malaysia and Indonesia

Sumatra ° Processing of inferior crude oil can enhance the properties of inferior crude oil so that the crude oil can be accepted for transportation and / or processing. The crude oil and / or inferior crude oil to be processed is referred to herein as the "crude feed". This crude feed can be a distillate crude as described herein. As described in this article, 53 200535228 crude oil produced by processing raw and oil feeds.4 It is generally not suitable for transporting and / or virials. Crude oil products produced as described in this article are closer to West Texas Intermediate crude oil than crude oil feed Corresponding properties, or closer to the corresponding properties of Brent crude oil than crude oil feed, thereby improving the economic value of crude oil feed. This type of crude oil product can be refined with little or no pre-treatment, thereby improving the efficiency of the Paleo Refinery. Pre-treatment may include desulfurization, demetallization, and / or editing: removing impurities.

Processing a crude oil feed according to the present invention may include contacting the crude oil feed with a catalyst in a contact zone and / or in combination with e or more contact zones. Connection: At least one of the properties of the feedstock and the same properties of the crude oil feedstock can be changed by contacting the crude oil feedstock with one or more catalysts. In specific examples, contact is performed in the presence of a hydrogen source. In several specific embodiments, the 'lice source' provides one or more hydrocarbons that provide a relatively small amount of hydrogen to the original in response to specific contact conditions. "Chemical C1" is a simplified diagram of the contact system 100, which includes the contact area 102. Room

Instead, the contact area 102 is entered by the catheter 1G4it. The contact zone may be a reactor, two: f; reverse: multiple parts of the reactor 'or a group of continuous stirring #, fixed bed reactor, Futeng bed reactor, crying = tank reactor ("called fluidization Bed reactor, spray reaction- and liquid / liquid contactor. It is specifically implemented or connected to offshore equipment. The contact with the u-based medium can be continuous or batch process. In the crude oil feed and dry contact It can include one or more catalysts (such as two catalysts). For example, contact of crude oil feed with the first catalyst of two catalysts can reduce the TAN of the crude oil feed. The subsequent contact of the TAN-reduced crude oil feed with the second catalyst is to reduce the heteroatom content and increase the API specific gravity. In other specific examples, after the crude oil feed is contacted with one or more catalysts, the TAN, Viscosity, Ni / v / Fe content, heteroatom content, residue content 'API gravity, or a combination of these properties will change by at least 10% compared to the same properties of the crude feed.

In a specific embodiment, the volume of the contact medium in the contact area is within a range of 10 to 60 makeup products per minute, 20 to 50% by volume, or 30 to 40% by volume of the total volume of crude oil feed in the contact area. In several specific examples, the water liquid of the catalyst and the crude oil feed may contain from 0.001 to g 0.005 to 5 g, or to 3 g of contact per 1000 g of crude oil feed in the contact zone. Media. ": The contact conditions in the contact zone may include, but are not limited to, temperature, pressure, t-source flow, crude oil feed flow, or a combination thereof. Several specific examples are controlled ^ contact conditions to produce characteristic crude oil products. temperature

5 (m: '6 (^ 44 (rc, 7 (^ 43 (rc, or 80) rails. The dust force in the contact zone can be distributed from 0-1 to 20MPa, lhsv of the material: often 42 1 'or 6 to 8 MPa range. Crude oil enters 20h -1 &30; 30%, 0.25 " 25, apricot husband, τ, or 2 to 10 h1. In several cases; For ..., at least Uh 'at least ..., or at least 20 lr1 〇2 The specific example of the source supplied as a gas (such as hydrogen), the ratio of the gaseous ammonia is typically distributed at... 000 NmVm3, 1 to 8, 000 Nm3 / m3, 2 to 5, 0.0055 200535228

Nm / m ′ 5 to 3,000 Nm3 / m3, or 10 to 800 Nm3 / m3 contact. This hydrogen originates from several specific examples, and is bound to the carrier gas and recycled through the contact zone. The carrier gas may be, for example, nitrogen, t, ° and ° / or = °. The carrier gas may facilitate the flow of crude oil feed and / or the flow of chlorine in the contact zone. The carrier gas also enhances the mixing operation in the receiving area. In the example of hydrogen, a hydrogen source (such as hydrogen, methylbenzene, or acetonitrile can be used as a carrier and recycled through the contact zone.); The hydrogen source can be co-current with the crude oil feed in conduit 104 or via The ducts 10 and 6 respectively enter the contact zone 1G2. In the contact zone m, the contact between the crude oil feed and the system produces a total product containing crude oil products, and in some specific examples, the body. In some specific examples, gas is carried. The system is fed with crude oil and / or combined with a hydrogen source in the conduit 106. The total product can leave the contact zone 102 and enter the separation zone 108 via the conduit 110. For the separation zone 10 ", crude oil products and gases can be used in general Known is thorium technology, such as gas-liquid separation, which separates from the total product. Crude oil products can leave the separation zone 108 'via the conduit U2 and then be transported to the transport carrier, pipe, the storage valley, refining waste, and other processing areas. Or a combination of 4 Dans. The gas may include gases generated during the process (such as hydrogen sulfide, furnaces, and / or carbon monoxide), excess gaseous hydrogen sources, and / or carrier gas. ^ = = Ring to contact Line, line 100 'can be purified Conveyed to other processing areas: storage containers, or a combination thereof. = In several specific examples, 'contacting the crude oil feed with the catalyst to produce a total = in two or more contact areas. This total product can be separated to produce Crude products and gases. 56 200535228 Figures 2 to 3 are simplified diagrams of specific examples of contact systems 1000 that include two or three 1U contact zones. In Figures 2A and a, the contact system 100 includes contact zones 102 and 114. Figure 8a and 3c include 3A and 3B. Contact areas 102, 114, 116. In Figure 2 "port 3A, contact areas 102, 114, 116 are depicted in a reaction 4 Individual contact areas. Crude oil feeds into the contact area 102 via a conduit ⑽. In several specific examples, the carrier gas is combined with a hydrogen source in the conduit ⑽ and is introduced into the contact area as a mixture. In specific embodiments,

As shown in Figures 1, 3A, and 3B, households, gas, s 77, y, lice sources, and / or carrier gas can be passed through the duct 106 and / or through the guide tube! ^ β, r, g ,,, V " 106 divides the crude oil feed in the opposite direction to that of the crude oil feed—or multiple contact zones. Adding tritium sources and / or carrier gases in opposition to the crude feed flow can improve mixing and / or contact between the crude feed and the catalyst.

At contact d 1 02 +, contact between the crude feed and the catalyst will generate a feed stream. This raw material stream flows from the contact zone 102 to the contact zone 114. In Figs. 3A and 3B, the 'feed stream' flows from the contact zone 114 to the contact zone 116. The contact areas 102, 114, 116 may include one or more catalysts. As shown in FIG. 2β, the raw material stream leaves the contact area 102 through the conduit 118 and enters the contact area Π4. As shown in FIG. 3B, the feed stream leaves the contact area 11 4 through the conduit 118 and enters the contact area i i 6. The feed stream may be contacted with additional catalyst in the contacting area Π 4 and / or the contacting area 116 to generate a total product. The total product leaves the contact zone 11 4 and / or the contact zone ^ j 6 and enters the separation zone 108 via the conduit 110. Crude products and / or gas systems are separated from the total products. The crude product leaves the separation zone 108 via a conduit 12. 57 200535228 Figure 4 is a simplified diagram of a specific example of the separation zone cut off at the connection angle, and it is the upstream of the first 100. Inferior crude oil (base or non- 蒎 i non-thermal non-heater) enters the separation zone 120 via the guide f 122. In the separation zone 120, 5 small main v-parts of the inferior crude oil are known in the technology. Technology (such as Heb, membrane separation, decompression) separation to produce crude feed. Wrap your product ^, for example, 5 'water can be at least partially separated from inferior crude oil. In another example, Chenggu

Yes, the components with a Forerange distribution below 95 ° C or below 100 ° C can be separated from the r main v σ 卩 fraction of the inferior crude oil to produce a crude feed. In several specific examples, at least one minute of naphtha and compounds more volatile than naphtha were isolated from inferior hemorrhoids I, ligbein / from. In several specific examples, at least-part of the separated components are separated through the separation zone 120 ° 77 120 ° 77 separation zone 1 20 The crude oil feed known in some specific cases has an agenda distribution of at least 4 10 (rc Or, in some specific examples, a mixture of ingredients with a boiling range of 120 ° C. Typically, the separated crude oil feed contains a boiling range distribution ranging from 1GG to 1_t, 120 to 900 C, or 200 to 800 ° C mixture of ingredients. At least a portion of the crude oil feed leaves the separation zone 120 via the conduit 126 and enters the contact system 10. (See contact zone in Fig. 1 1 3) for further processing to produce crude oil products; = dry / In the example, the separation zone i 2o can be located upstream or downstream of the desalination unit. After the treatment, the crude oil product leaves the contact system 100 ° through the conduit 112. In the specific example of one side and the right stem, the crude oil product is the same as the crude oil feed. Or different 1 oil blends. For example, t, crude oil products can be combined with crude oils with different viscosities to produce blends with viscosity between the crude product viscosity and the original 58 200535228 oil viscosity. Jia σ right In another example, the crude oil product can be blended with different TAN's, crude oil, crude oil, and crude oil, thereby producing a product with a TAN between the product, and the crude TAN. Bucket is produced / or processed from *. Product. This blended product can be suitable for transportation and total as shown in Figure 5. In a specific example, crude oil feed is via a guided contact system, and at least-part of the crude oil The product is introduced into the blending via: Guan Qing open contact system. In the blending zone 13, at least-part of the crude oil product is combined with one or more industrial production liquid streams (such as, Naphtha produced from crude oil feed), raw materials, raw materials, or mixtures thereof to produce blended products H to produce liquid grades, crude oil feeds, crude oil, or mixtures thereof via conduits 1 to 32. 妾 V 入t σ zone 130 or upstream of such blending zone. Mixing systems and systems can be located at or near 払. Zone 1 30. Blended products can meet the product specifications specified by the refinery and / or conveyor. Product Specifications include 'but not limited to API specific gravity, -N drillness, or a range of combinations or The blended product leaves the blending zone 13o for transportation or processing via the instructor 134. In Figure 6, the 'inferior crude oil is introduced into the separation zone 12 through the conduit 12 2 and the poor crude oil is described by Shixianyu Separation to produce a crude oil feed. The crude oil feed then enters the contact system 100 through conduit 126. At least several components of the inferior crude oil leave separation zone 120 via conduit 124. At least a portion of the crude product exits the contact system via conduit 128 100 enters the blending zone 13. Other industrial production fluids and / or crude oil enter the plutonium directly or via conduit 132. Zone 130 is combined with crude oil products to produce blended products. The blended product exits the blended zone 130 via a conduit 134. 59 200535228 々, Shixiadan Refinery and / or Treatment 嗖 偌 Oral delivery is to 丨 Shengyan ... The original product and / or blended product can be processed for learning. Processing: Package: Fuel for two rounds, fuel for heating, oil adjustment or chemical conversion to produce one or more balances. In some specific examples, the original second-bodied product ' and / or multiple fractions may be treated with tritium. Blend

In the case of "n", the crude oil product has a TAN of at most ㈣, "", (U 'is taken as 30%, or a maximum of * 10% of crude oil is fed in several specific examples, and the crude product has T_li8 () %, 2 is the most, is Yiding Aw store, 丄 4 〇 2 the latest is 0, bu or a maximum of 0.05 +,… ,, the TAN of the product is usually at least 〇〇〇〇001, more common , To the evening is 0.001. In several specific examples, the TAN of the crude oil product may be in the range of 0.0001 to 0.05, 0.01 to 0.2, or 0.05 to 0.1.

In the specific example of Xiyou Yougan, the crude oil product has a total Ni / V / Fe content of 90% at most, 50% at most, 10% at most, or at most: 3% of the old genus of crude oil feed. content. This crude oil product has, in several specific examples, Ni / V / Fe content in the range of i to 80%, 10 to 70%, M to ^ / 〇, or 30 to 50% of the crude feed Ni / V / Fe content. In the specific example of Μ 疋, the crude oil product has a range of 1 × 10 7 g to 5 × ip g, 3 × 10-7 g to 2 × 10-5 g, or 1 × 10 g per gram of crude oil product. Within the total Ni / V / Fe content. In certain specific steam examples, this crude oil contains up to 2 x 10-5 grams of Ni / V / Fe. In Ruo 60 200535228, the total Ni / V / Fe content of the crude oil product is 70 to 130%, 80 to 120%, or 90 to 110% of the Ni / V / Fe content of the crude oil feed. In the specific examples of square and right stem, the crude oil product has the form of metal salt of organic acid. The total metal content is up to 90%, up to 50%, up to 10%, or up to 5% of the organic acid metal salt in the crude oil feed. The total metal content of the morphology. In a specific embodiment +, the crude product has a total metal content of organic acid metal salt form of 1 to 80%, 10 to 70%, 20 to 60%, or 30 to 50% of the crude oil feed organic Within the range of the total metal content in the form of an acid metal salt. Organic acids commonly used to form metal salts include, but are not limited to, carboxylic acids, thiols, sulfones, and salts. Examples of the polyacids include, but are not limited to, cyclic acids, phenanthronic acids, and benzoic acid. The metal part of the metal salt may include alkali metals (such as lithium, sodium, and potassium), alkaline earth metals (such as magnesium, calcium, and barium), metals (such as zinc and cadmium), metals (such as zinc, arsenic), Column 6 metals (eg chromium), or mixtures thereof. In a specific embodiment, the total metal content of the crude oil product in the form of an organic acid metal salt per gram of crude oil product ranges from 0.00000000 to 0.00005 grams per gram of crude oil products, and from 0.00000 to 100,000. 〇2 g, or 0.00000 1 g to 0.0000 1 g of metal in the form of a metal salt of an organic acid. In several specific examples, the total metal content of the organic acid metal salt of the crude oil product is 70 to 130%, 80 to 120%, or 90 to no% of the total metal content of the organic acid metal salt in the crude oil feed. In specific examples, the API ratio of crude oil products produced by contacting the crude oil feed with the catalyst under contact conditions is 70 to 130%, 80 to 120%, 90 to 110%, or 100 to 130% of the crude oil feed. API proportion. In the special case No. 61 200535228 // version, the API proportion of crude oil products is 14 to 40, 15 to 30, or 16 to 25. In the case of 寸 、, 寸, and 体, the crude oil product has a viscosity of at most 90%, most negotiable, or at most & 70% of the viscosity of the crude oil feed. In a number of products, the viscosity of the raw material is in the range of 10 to 60%, 20 to 50%, or the viscosity of the raw material. In some specific examples, the crude oil product accounts for 90% of the viscosity of the crude oil feed, and the API ratio of this crude oil product will be 7π to 130%, 80 to 120%, or 90%. API proportion of crude oil feed to U0%. It is 90%, and the crude oil product has the highest total heteroatom content. Taken at 50%, up to 10%, or up to 5% of the expected heteroatoms. She ordered the fly to take 5/5 of crude oil into the total atomic content of two; in two specific examples, crude oil products It has 99% of impurities; ^ # ° to · ^ is 30%, at least 80%, or at least the total heteroatom content of the crude oil feed. 9. Eruoduogan: Ershi: J, the sulfur content of crude oil products may be at most sulfur content. Ute ...: 10%, or a maximum of 5% of crude oil products-at least two: to, up to 80%, or at least the sulfur content of Ono. In several specific examples, ... 2 9: 13% of the crude oil feed, 80% to 80%, or 90% to ^: As for the specific examples, the u product ㈣ feed contains sulfur! . 90%, at most m, at most the nitrogen content may be at most ,,,, and "Lice lice. For specific specific reasons" from the minimum of at least 3 ㈣, the product has a total nitrogen content to "is _ 'or At least I 99% of the total nitrogen content of the crude oil 62 200535228 feed. In some specific examples, the basic nitrogen content of the Meishan mat / product is 95%, up to 90%, whichever is greater ^ 0 / &, 50 / 〇, up to 10%, or the basic nitrogen content of crude oil feed of suspended rabbit 0, has a test nitrogen content of at least rabbits. In specific examples, crude oil production Lice 3 miles to 乂 is 1%, at least or at least 99% of the 80% of the crude oil king horse horse, the basic / nitrogen content of the original / imported. In a number of specific examples, 90y, jl Xiran μ crude oil product Oxygen content may be at most ', which is 50% at most, and a maximum of which is taken from Feng Qiqi and Shangma 3 (U is more than 10%, or at most Λ οο /

The oxygen content of the crude oil feed. It is 5 / 〇 oxygen content is at least 1%, at least 彳, 彳 物 has ^ ^ is 30 / °, at least 80%, or at least A qc) 0 / of crude oil feed containing exhausted horses 9 9 / 〇mile. In some specific examples, the amount of oxygen in the tritium, tritium, and trioxane ranges from 1 to 80%, and the content of 105 crude oil products is Λ .. to 70%, 20 to 60%, or 30 to 50% The oxygen content of the oil feed. The original Α, inside Qianwei. In several specific examples, the carboxylic acid compound of the original m _ this day ^, from the product, or the most; is: 90% more, up to 50% 'in a specific embodiment' most: in the crude oil feed A few acid compounds content. to

The oil product has a total carboxylic acid compound content of up to 1%, at least 30%, and as small as 0nn / 3, the main J is v is 8 (U, or at least 99% of the crude carboxylic acid compounds in crude oil. The content of τ Tian Tui is selected from a number of compounds in each of the five reducible crude oil feeds in a series of /, /, and ⑧. In some complex examples, carboxylic acids and / Or metal carboxylic acid containing non-carboxylic acid organic oxidation. This can be chemically reduced before the absence of 3%, 3%, and the right δ / ,,,, ^ Qianqi compounds can be identified by analyzing the crude oil products using commonly known photophotometry (such as infrared analysis, calorimetry, and / or gas chromatography). Q 切刀 63 200535228 This Crude oil products in certain specific examples have an oxygen content of up to 90%, a maximum of 80%, a maximum of 70%, or ,,,,, and rims that interfere with DU / ° crude oil feed ..., The TAN of this crude oil product is at most 90%, at most 50%, or at most 40% of the crude oil "" 07 TAN. In a specific example, the crude oil product has The oxygen content is at least, q above / 0, at least 30%, 5 at least 80%, or at least 99% of crude oil to <Ί 卞 's milk milk, and this product has a TAN of at least 1%, At least A, this crude oil i / G is ^ 30%, at least 80%, or at least 99% of the tan of the crude oil feed.. This: The crude oil product may have meta-acid and / or slow acid metal salt content. Crude oil feed is as low as 90%, maximum is 70%, maximum is 5.%, or maximum is :, the content of organic oxygen compounds containing non-rebel acid is between 7 () to i3Q%, to ·, or 90 1 Within the range of 110% crude oil feed containing non-slow acid organic oxygen compounds. 0 In some specific examples, the crude product contains in its molecular structure 0.05 to 0.15 grams per gram of crude product or 009 to 013 grams. This crude oil product may include in its molecular structure U to 009 grams or 0.82 to 0.88 grams of carbon per gram of crude product. The ratio of atomic hydrogen to atomic carbon (H / C) of the crude product may be between 70 to 130%, 80 to 100%, or 90 to 110% of the atomic H / C ratio of the crude oil feed. Within 10 to 30% of the atomic H / C ratio of the crude oil feed Crude oil product + Η / χ ratio shows that relatively little hydrogen is absorbed and / or consumed in the process, and / or hydrogen is produced on-site. Crude oil products contain components in a certain boiling point range. In several specific examples, crude oil products are in Each gram of crude oil product contains at least 0.0001 grams, 64 200535228, or 0.001 to 0.5 grams of> Furcheng distribution hydrocarbons at a maximum of 0.10 MPa ° C ° C; at least 0.001 grams, Or 0.000 to 0.5 grams of boiling range distribution of hydrocarbons between 100 ° C and 200 ° C at 0. 101 MPa; at least 0.0001 grams, or 0.001 to 0.5 grams of boiling range distribution Hydrocarbons between 2000 and 300 ° C at o.ioi MPa; a boiling range distribution of at least 0.0001 g, or 0.001 to 0.5 g between 0.1 101 MPa Hydrocarbons between 300 ° C and 400 ° C; and a boiling range distribution of at least 0.001 grams, or 0.0001 to 0.5 grams, between 40 ° C and 538 ° C at MPa Of hydrocarbons. In several specific examples, the crude oil product contains at least 0.001 grams of boiling range distribution per gram of crude oil product at a maximum of 100 at 0.101 MPa. Hydrocarbons of 0% and / or hydrocarbons with a boiling range distribution of at least 0.001g between 100QC and 200 ° C at 01001 MPa. In some specific examples, the crude oil product may contain 0.001 to 0.001 grams per gram of crude oil product, or at least 0.001 grams of naphtha. In other specific examples, the crude product may have a naphtha content per gram of crude product; up to 0.6 grams, or up to 0.8 grams.

In some specific examples, the crude oil product has a German content of 70 to 130 / ° '80 to 1 m, or 90 to 110% of the crude feed content. : The distillate content of the oil product may be in the range of 0.000 to 0 0, 0.001 to 0.3 g ', or 0.002 g to 02 per gram of crude oil product. In a specific example, what is the crude product content? 〇80 to round, or 90 to the measured crude oil feed content: in the dry specific example 'crude oil product in each gram of crude oil product has 0.000 to &quot; grams, 〇 to 0.5 grams, or 〇 VG0 content in the range of 0.02 to 0.44 65 200535228 or 0.001 to 0.3 g. In several specific examples, the crude oil product has a residue content of 70 to 13 (U 80 to 120%, or 90 to 110% of the crude oil feed residue content. This crude oil product may have i per gram of crude oil product A residue content in the range of 0.8 g, to 0.5 g, to 0.4 g, 0.000 to 0.3 g, 0.05 g, or to g. In a specific embodiment, the crude product has an MCR content of 70% to 80%] 20%, or 90% to 1% of crude oil feed. At the same time, this crude oil product has a C5 cyanide content of at most _, and a Cs cyanide content of at most _ Mass content. In a specific embodiment, crude oil is fed. 5 The asphaltene content is at least 10%, at least please, or at least 70% of the &amp; asphaltene content of the crude oil feed, and the product's radon content From 10 to the following, the amount of the crude oil feed is within the range of the hammer. In several specific examples, the C5 asphaltenes from the company have been stabilized and the homogeneous compounds have remained relatively stable. ^ Add crude oil feed / total production m specific actual income, content and mcr can be combined to produce and crude oil feed The mathematical relationship between the high viscosity components in the phase viscosity component. For example, the original: the surface quality content of the product and the crude oil feed t MCR Content and MCR content of crude oil products :, S. Crude oil products can be compared with these sums (S, Xiao S) to estimate crude oil: Medium: can be expressed as S ,. Reduced amount. Crude oil products ... in U 99 2: viscosity components In the range of 8 to _. In some specific examples ° to 90%, or 20

The ratio of the MCR 66 200535228 content of the crude oil product to the C: 5 asphaltene content is in the range of 〇.〇 to &amp; 〇, 丨 2 to 2. 〇, or] 2 to 1.9. In specific examples, crude oil products have MCR contents of up to 90%, up to 80%, up to 50%, or up to 10% of the MCR content of the crude feed. In several specific examples, the crude product has an MCR content ranging from 1 to 80% &apos; 10 to 70%, 20 to 60%, or 30 to 50% of the MCR content of the crude feed. The crude product contains, in several specific examples, 0.0001 to 0.008 grams, 0.05 to 0.88 grams, or 0.01 to 0.05 grams of MCR per gram of crude product. In several specific examples, the crude oil product contains greater than 0 grams, but less than 0.01 grams, 0.00001 to 0.001 grams, or 0.00000 to 0.0001 grams of catalyst per gram of crude oil product. Catalysts can help stabilize crude oil products during transportation and / or processing. Catalysts can inhibit corrosion, inhibit friction, and / or increase the water-separating capacity of crude oil products. The methods described herein can be configured to add one or more of the catalysts described herein to crude oil products during processing. The crude oil product produced by contacting the contact system 100 has properties different from those of the crude oil feed. Such properties may include, but are not limited to: a) reducing TAN; b) reducing viscosity; c) reducing total Ni / V / Fe content; reducing content of sulfur, oxygen, nitrogen, or a combination thereof; e) Residues for low P content: 罝, 0 reduced C: 5 asphaltene content; g) reduced MCR content; d) increased API specific gravity; v reduced metal content in organic acid metal salt form: or J) a combination thereof . In several specific examples, one of the crude product: properties can be selectively changed compared to the crude feed, while other properties have not changed as much or have not changed substantially. For example, t, can: Greek: only 67 200535228

Less crude in the crude feed makes sense. And also two &amp; have less hydrogen, but can still be used like hydrogen

Such crude oil feeds can then be processed more efficiently to reduce TAN without the need to reduce sulfur as well. The catalyst used in one or more embodiments of the present invention may include one or more bulk metals and / or one or more metals on a carrier. The metal may be in the form of an element or in the form of a metal compound. The catalysts described herein can be introduced into the contact zone as precursors and then become active catalysts in the contact zone (for example, when sulfur and / or sulfur-containing crude oil feeds come into contact with the precursors). The catalyst or catalyst combination used as described herein may or may not be a commodity catalyst. Examples of commercial catalysts used in this article include HDS3; HDS22; HDN60; C234; C311; C344; C411; C424; C344; C444; C447; C454; C448; C524; C534; DN110; DN12 0; DN130; DN140; DN190; DN200; DN800; DN2118; DN2318; DN3100; DN3110; DN3300; DN3310; RC400; RC410; RN412; RN400; RN420; RN440; RN450; RN650; RN5210; ZRM; Z703; Z713; Z723; Z753; and Z763, which are available from CRI International, Inc. (Houston, Texas, U.S.A.). 200503528 In several specific examples' used to change the feedability of crude oil on a carrier One or more of the 5th to 10th metal. No. _Medium dagger includes, but is not limited to, chrome, chrome, turn, crane to 10 block metal. Baht, iron, Zuoshi nickel m, hungry, silver, Ming, or mixtures thereof. The: two grams of catalyst can have at least 0. 0001 grams, up to 001 grams on the mother, at least 0 01 grams or 0.0001 to 0.6 grams, 0.005 to 0.33 grams, · 00] 5 η 1 gram, or 0. 01 to 0.08 grams of 5 to 10 gram gold · w Mon total content. In the specific example, the catalyst contains the element in column 15 in addition to the &quot; free metal &quot;. The example of the 15th block element includes the total content of the 15th column in the 15th column. The catalyst content can be too large per gram of catalyst A. τ Feng 0 · 000001 to 0] grams, 0.0000 1 to 0.06 grams, 0 · 00005 to -1 to 0 is in the range of grams. .03 grams, or 〇! _! In a specific embodiment, the catalyst contains the 6th rotten metal. The catalyst may have at least the master gram catalyst. Look at grams, at least 001 grams, at least &quot; 2 or between 0._m.6 grams, 0.001 to 〇3 grams, 0.0005 to 〇1, or 0.01 to 0.08 grams of the total amount of metal in column 6 content. In several examples, catalysts are included in each gram of catalyst. .〇. 〇1 to "6 grams of the 6th = genus. In some specific examples, the catalyst contains elements in column 15 in addition to the sixth metal. In some specific examples, the catalyst includes a combination of the sixth metal and the fifth shed and / or the 7- 1G column-or a combination of multiple metals. The Mohr ratio of the metal in column 6 and the metal in the 5th metal can range from 0.1 to 20, ^. In the range of, or, the molar ratios of the 6th metal to the 7th to 10th column metals can be in the range of 0.1 to 20, 1 to 10 ', or 2 to 5. In some specific examples, in addition to 69 200535228, the catalyst has a combination of 6th metal and 5th metal, and one or more of the metal hard daggers in column VII of Luo Qiuyi iU i. In 1 r 4, other specific examples of gray _, Xun Department of the 6th metal and the 10th column of metal. In her pan flute beta catalyst, there are 10 metal-to-metal ratios: / 6 the molar ratio of the total metal can be within the magic range. All the columns that fly 5 in a specific instance belong to it.觞 h "T contact" The 3rd and 5th metal and the 10th metal in the 10th metal can be in the range of…, or 2 to 5. There are no more than a few specific examples In the 5th to 10m ^ h η ^ ^ FREE the Meng genera is incorporated or deposited on the beans ^ to form catalysts. In some specific examples, the genus 15th-master 5 to 10 block gold The combination of m elements is incorporated or deposited on the carrier to form a contact: ... the specific example of the genus and / or element loading, the weight of the catalyst includes all carriers, all metals and all elements. The carrier may be porous And can include refractory oxides, porous carbon-based materials, zeolites, or pot combinations. Refractory oxides can include, but are not limited to, oxides, oxides, oxides, oxides, oxides, titanium oxide, Oxidation faults, oxidation locks, or mixtures thereof. Carriers are available from industrial manufacturers, such as Criterion Cataiy

Technologies LP (Houston, Texas, m). Porous carbon-based materials include, but are not limited to, activated carbon and / or porous graphite. Examples of zeolites include gamma zeolite, beta zeolite, mordenite, ZSM-5 zeolite, and ferrierite. Zeolites are available from industrial manufacturers, such as Zeolyst (VaUey Forge,

Pennsy 1 vania, U.S.A.) In a few specific examples, carriers were prepared so that the carriers had an average pore size of at least 150 A, at least 170 A, or at least 180 A. In a specific embodiment, the carrier is prepared by forming an aqueous slurry of the carrier. In several 70 200535228 specific examples, the acid is added to the slurry to promote the release of the slurry in the required amount and with the required water and dilute extrudable slurry desired consistency. Acids, D, and D to provide acetic acid, sulfuric acid, and hydrochloric acid. Throughout, but not limited to, difficult acid, the slurry can be formed using conventionally known catalyst extrusion methods and catalyst extrusion and cutting. The extrudate can be 5 to 26. Heat extruded to a temperature in the range of 235 t for a period of time (for example, ^ or 858 hours) and / or until the humidity of the extrudate reaches the desired value.埶: The extruded material can be as thin as ⑵ or ⑽. Li = further heat treatment at a significant degree to form a carrier having an average pore diameter. ~ In the concrete example, the carrier contains 7 oxides, 4% aluminum: aluminum alloy 'or its mixture β γ alumina, § alumina, α aluminum oxide or its mixture per gram of catalyst The carrier can be

^ 〇〇〇〇1 = 0.5 grams in the range of 〇.01 to 〇1 gram or at most gram 〃 measured by X-ray diffraction. In several specific examples, the system alone or in combination with other forms of oxide, Θ oxide content.: Grams, in the carrier from 0.] to 0.99 grams, 0. 5 to 0. 9 grams, or 0. 6 to 0. Spoon range内 'its measured by x-ray diffraction ^. In several specific examples, the carrier may contain as little as 3 to / 0 ·] grams, at least 0.3 grams, at least 0.5 grams, or j .8 grams of theta alumina, which is determined by X-ray diffraction. The supported catalyst can be prepared using generally known catalyst preparation techniques. Examples of catalysts are described in the U.S. patent case issued to Gabri e 1 ον et al. °°, 218 '333, issued to Gabrie] 6, 290, 841, OV et al., Issued to βοοη 71 200535228 et al. 5,744 '025, and U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 20030111391 issued to Bhan. In several specific examples, the carrier can be impregnated with a metal to form a catalyst. In a specific embodiment, before the metal is impregnated, the carrier is performed at a temperature in the range of 4,000 to 12 ° C., 450 to 10,000 t :, or 6,000 to 9,000 t ",, Treatment. In several specific examples, the impregnation aid can be used during the preparation of the catalyst. Examples of the impregnation aid include a citric acid component, ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), ammonia, or a mixture thereof. In specific specific examples In the catalyst, the catalyst can be formed by adding or mixing the 5th to the 0th metal, or incorporation into the heat-treated formed carrier mixture. Covering. The top surface of the heat-treated formed carrier is covered with metal to have a substantial or relatively uniform sentence. Concentration of metal usually gives the catalyst favorable catalytic properties. Heat treating the formed support after each coating of the metal tends to improve the catalytic activity of the catalyst. The method of preparing the catalyst by the coating method is described in Bhan US Patent Application Publication No. 200301 1 1 391. The 5th to 10th metal and carrier can be mixed with suitable mixing equipment to shape &amp; 5th to 10th metal / support mixture. Columns 5 to 10 metal / support _ This compound can Mix with appropriate mixing equipment. Examples of suitable mixing equipment include rollers' fixed shells or tanks, grinding mixers (such as batch or continuous), impact mixers, and metals capable of properly forming columns 5 to 10 / Any other generally known mixer, or generally known device, of the carrier mixture. In certain specific examples, the materials are mixed until the 5th to 10th metal, and the shell is uniformly dispersed in the carrier. In several specific examples After combining the carrier with the metal, the catalyst 72 200535228 is heat-treated at 150 to 7500 it, and 200 to 7400 it. In order to warm up to some specific examples, the catalyst can be heated in hot air and / Or in the presence of oxygen-enriched air, at a temperature between 400 t and 1,000. (:: = line = treatment to remove volatile substances in order to convert at least a part of the 5th to ^ th shelf metal into the corresponding However, in other specific examples, the catalyst may be heat treated in the presence of air at a temperature of 35 to 5 ° C. (for example, less than 300 t, less than 400, or less than 500). Up! I 3 small Within a period of time 'to remove most of the volatile substances without causing the 5th ii. Block gold • Convert to metal oxides. N The catalyst prepared by this method is often called unsintered Passive catalyst. When combined in this way to form a sulfide process: the catalyst, the active metal can be substantially dispersed in the carrier. The type of catalyst and clothing is described in the United States to Gabrielov et al. Patent No. 18, 333, and 6, 290, 841 issued to Gabriel ον et al. In specific examples, the yttrium oxide support can be combined with the 5th to 10th metal to form a Θ oxide support / 5th Magic 0 block metal mixture. Thorium oxide loading plates / metals from 5th to 10th metal can be used at least 400a. At a temperature of 5%, it is used to form a catalyst with a pore size distribution with a median pore size of at least A 230 A. Typically, this type of heat treatment is performed at temperatures up to 1 200 t. The right side of the concrete example, the carrier (shangkou mouth mouth carrier or as described in this article and carved slaves) can be combined with fork-loaded catalyst and / or bulk metal catalyst. In several examples, the 'fork-loaded catalyst' may include the first 15th, metal. For example, 73 200535228 supported catalyst and / or bulk metal catalyst can be crushed into powders with an average particle size of 1 micron, 2 to 45 micron, or 5 to 40 micron. This powder can be combined with a carrier to form an embedded metal catalyst. In some specific examples, it can be combined with the carrier at the end and then extruded using standard techniques to form a pore size distribution having a pore size in the range of 80 to 200 A or 90 to 180 in, or 120 to 13 A. Catalyst. Contacting the catalyst with the carrier in a number of specific examples. Metals that can tolerate _ to + points exist below the surface of the buried metal catalyst (for example, embedded in the plant body), and cause it to be present on the surface than in other methods. Into metal catalysts have less metal. In some specific examples, those with less gold layer on the catalyst surface will extend the life and / or catalytic activity of the catalyst by allowing at least a portion of the metal to move to the catalyst surface during use. Metals can be moved to the catalyst surface by erosion of the catalyst surface during contact between the catalyst and the crude feed. In some specific examples, the inclusion of the ", yet" catalyst and / or mixed catalyst components will change the structural sequence of the 帛 6 metal in the 6th oxide crystal structure to the buried catalyst: the 随机 6 column of metal in the bulk structure is substantially random. Sequence. The order of the 6th metal block: It can be determined by powder X-ray diffraction method. The order of the metal elements in the metal oxide is Λ '. The order of the metal elements in the catalyst can be diffracted by the X-ray diffraction of the oxide. The order of the 6th metal peak in the spectrum and the order of the 6th metal peak in the X-ray diffraction spectrum of the catalyst 1 are determined. The width and / or absence of the pattern related to the 6th metal in the X-ray diffraction spectrum Looking at the pattern χ, it can be estimated that the sixth metal which is substantially randomly arranged in the crystal structure can be estimated: for example, indium trioxide can be combined with 74 200535228 with a median pore diameter of at least 180 A to form an oxide inscription / Trioxide mixture. The trioxide key has a clear pattern (for example, definite, d20, and / or d3 0 0 wave peaks). The oxide / Sixth trioxide mixture can be heat treated at least ⑽. Generate X-rays around Catalysts that do not show molybdenum dioxide patterns (for example, without Di0 () peak) in the radio spectrum. In several specific examples, the catalyst may be characterized by parameters of pore structure and pore structure including 'but not limited to pore size, pore Volume 'surface area

Or a combination. The catalyst may have a total pore size distribution as opposed to a slave. Pore: The median pore size of the distribution can be in the range of 30 to 1,000 in, 50 to 500 in. In several specific examples, the catalyst containing &gt;, 0.5 g of gamma alumina per gram of catalyst has a median pore size of 60 to 200 people; ⑽ to 180 A, 100 to 14 Α , Or 120-130 people and Gongyoushiren # 孔内 孔 的 孔 '. In specific examples, catalysts containing at least 〇ΘΘ alumina per gram of catalyst have a median pore diameter of 180 to 500 people, A, ν, ΟΟΛ (υυ to 300 or 230 to 250 Α). Pore size distribution. In the example, the median pore size of the pore size distribution is at least} 20 A, only

The evening is 180 A, at least 200 A, at least 22 0 A, at least mo people or at least 300. Such median pore sizes are typically up to 10,000 people. A catalyst may have a diameter distribution with a median pore size of at least 60 A or at least 9 A. In some specific examples, the catalyst has a pore size distribution with a median pore size ranging from 90 to 1880, 100 to 140 people, or 120 to 130 A. At least 60% of the total number of pores in the 逵 hole 禋 distribution has 45 Λ, 35, or 25 median pore size. In a specific embodiment, the catalyst has pores # with a median pore size in the range of 70 to 18G A. The pore size 75 200535228 has at least 60% of the total pore number in the 45 A, 35 A, or 25 A Aperture within the median aperture range. In a specific example in which the median pore size of the pore size distribution is at least 180 A, at least 200 a, or at least 23 G A, the total number of holes in the pore size distribution exceeds 50 A, 7. Person, or an aperture in the 90 A median aperture range. In some specific examples, the catalyst has a median aperture of 180 to

The pore size in the range of 200 to 400 A, or 230 to _ is cloth, and at least 60% of the total number of pores in the pore size distribution has a pore size in the range of 50A, 70A, or 90A median pore size . In several specific examples, the pore volume of the pores may be at least G 3 cm 3 / g, at least 0.7 mm, or at least G.9 CIfl 3 / g. In the specific example of the material, the pore volume of the pores may be in the range of 0.3 to 0.99 (: ~ 0.4 to 0.8 (^, or 0.5 to 0.7 cin3 / g). Catalyst ^ f Μ 1 18ί) The pore size distribution in the range of A ... In the specific example of the right stem, it may have at least 100 m2 / g, at least 120 m / g, at least no m2 /

^^ 270 mVg Du 1UU to 300 m2 / g, 120 to 27 〇, 130 to 250 mVg, or 170 to 22 ^. ~ In a specific specific example, the contact hole m2 / fT ^ with a median pore size distribution within the human trunk is 60 m / g for the eight main eves, at least 90 = at least "called at least and / g Or, at least, the surface area can be in the range of 60 to 300 m2 / g, 90 to mVg, 270 m / g, or 120 to 250 mVg. In specific examples, the 'catalyst system' Existing in shaped form, such as pellets, 76 200535228 cylindrical, and / or extrudate. The catalyst typically has a range of 50 to 500 N / cm, 60 to 400 N / cm, 100 to 350 N / Cm, crushing strength of flat plates in the range of 200 to 300 N / cm, or 220 to 280 N / cm. In some specific examples, catalysts and / or catalyst precursors use this technology Known techniques (such as ACTICATTM, CRI Internationai, ^ c.) Are vulcanized to form metal sulfides (before use). In a few specific examples, the media can be dried and then vulcanized. Alternatively, the catalyst Can be vulcanized in situ by contacting a contact with a crude oil feed containing sulfur-containing compounds. Gaseous hydrogen sulfide can be used in the presence of hydrogen, or liquid sulfur Agents, such as organic sulfur compounds (including sulfanyl sulfur, polysulfide compounds, mercaptans, and sub-mills). = The vulcanization method is described in U.S. Patent No. 5,468,372 issued to F. Sens et al. People 5 688 736. In the on-board specific example, the first type of catalyst ("the first type of catalyst") contains the 5th to 10th metal of Π: and has a median aperture of 15. A pore size distribution in the range of A. The first catalyst may have at least a first. The pore volume of the first catalyst may be at least 0.5, and the medium may have a content of at least U. 5 grams of gamma alumina per gram of the first catalyst, and the first catalyst is P +. Gram's sample inscription. To Γ is present in specific catalysts per gram. ._ The total metal content of the 6th block in the Weiwei. The first kind of contact can remove the ri # making media month in the crude oil feed.

$ 18 1 knife / V / Fe, remove the TAN I points that caused the crude oil feed, remove at least ―part of the Q green in the crude oil feed, remove the h to the small one I knife in the crude oil feed Lei Yuebei or a combination thereof. Spring H, ': Part of the metal in the form of a metal salt of an organic acid' When contacted with the first catalyst, other properties (eg 77 200535228 such as sulfur content, VG0 content, API specific gravity, residue content, or (Combination) may only show fairly small changes. The ability to selectively change the properties of a crude oil feed while at the same time only changing other properties in relatively small amounts allows the crude oil feed to be processed more efficiently. In several specific examples, one or more of the first catalysts can be used in any order. In a specific embodiment, the metal of columns 5 to 10 combined with the carrier has a median pore diameter of 90 to 18

A pore size distribution in the range of A. The total number of pores up to ^ in the pore size distribution of the second catalyst has a pore size in the median pore size range of 45 people. The contact between the crude oil feed and the second catalyst under the contact of the ^ field can produce the original ^

Compared to the same properties of the feed, selected properties with significantly changed properties (such as TAN, while other properties have only slightly changed). In several specific cases, a source of hydrogen may be present during the contact.

The second catalyst can reduce at least a portion of the TAN that causes crude oil feed to form a knife, cause at least a portion of the relatively high viscosity composition, and reduce at least a portion of the read Fe content. In addition, crude oil feed: The contact of the first catalyst produces a crude oil product whose sulfur content :: slightly changed compared to the sulfur content of the crude oil feed. For example, the crude oil product may have a sulfur content of 30 to 30% of the crude oil feed. This crude product is compared to the original feed, at! Residual content, VG0 content, and residues are also possible: showing only small changes. In the specific example of Badan Yuyougan, the crude oil feed may have relatively low Ni / V / Fe li (for example, 50 wtPPm), but relatively high: ΓΑΝ, &gt; Lithocyanate or organic acid metal Metal content in salt form. A relatively high TAN (e.g. 78 200535228 such as a TAN of at least 0.3) may make crude feed unacceptable for transport and / or refining. Inferior crude oils with relatively high C5 cyanine f content may show lower stability during processing than other crude oils with relatively low c5 asphalt f content. The contact between the crude oil feed and the second catalyst can remove the acidic components and / or cyanogens that cause TAN in the crude oil feed. In several specific examples, reducing the viscosity of the 05-cyanine and / or the constituent hemogen feed of the TAN may reduce the viscosity of the crude oil feed / total product mixture 2 compared to ′. In the specific example of the feedstock, the second type of catalyst—or multiple combinations, produced by :::: When the crude oil described in this article is fed, it can improve the stability of the total product / original mixture and increase the life of the catalyst Provides minimal net uptake of lice. : In several specific examples, the third type of catalyst ("the third type of catalyst. It can be combined with the sixth metal to generate a catalyst precursor: can be in the presence of-or multiple sulfur compounds in ^ (for example below 482. (:), the third kind of calcined nr a ^ uncalcined for a period of f time to generate-^-^ 100 V '± 9 ± mouth catalysts : Hour. In a specific specific example, the third catalyst may have 0.0001 in the mother gram catalyst in the range of or ° ._ to &quot;〗 gram:] :: 0 ^ touch When the medium is used to deal with the third type in this article, m 素 3Ϊ °; tongue ϋr · — \, when crude oil is fed, it can show significant or several specific examples. I The catalyst precursor is in the species ::: Heating in the presence of temperatures below 50 ". Ingredients; feeds ... at least-part of h of metal in the form of organic rhenium metal salts, reducing 79 200535228 Ni / V / Fe denier π s, ri, and Reduce the viscosity of crude oil products. In addition, the crude oil feed and the third catalyst can produce more sulfur than the crude oil feed, which has a relatively low sulfur content and ^ In B, η is changed to deduct the crude oil product of hydrogen with crude oil feed.

A good example of crude oil is a crude oil product with a population of 70% to 130%. The crude oil produced by L is a crude oil product produced by L. Who ... The first type of catalyst is VG0, and 4 is compared with API. In terms of specific gravity, distillate content, and residual content of 3 miles, it may only show changes in relative density. Reduce the field of crude oil feed

The capacity of wv / Fe content, and the production of metals in the form of w = Fe, the amount of IS :, and the content of residues allow the production of crude oil: 2. Various processing equipment can be used. The second catalyst can reduce the amount of MCR + in the crude oil feed in several specific examples, while maintaining the properties of the crude oil feed / total product. In certain specific examples, the third catalyst is per gram: in the range of 0.0001 to 0! Ancient n S η octa — gram, 0.005 to 0.05 gram, or 0.001 to 0.001 gram of Column 6 metal content in the range and 0 · 0⑶1 to 0 · 叼 gram,

In the whole gram ', or in the range of 0. 001 to 0.01 g. Brother 6 and 10 column metal catalysts can contribute to a reduction of at least a portion between 300 and 500. A component that causes MCR in the crude oil feed at a temperature in the range of 0 or 35 to 45 and a pressure in the range of 10 MPa 'to 1 to 8 MPa, or 2 to 5 MPa. In the specific example, the fourth type of catalyst ("the fourth type of catalyst,") contains a fifth metal that is bound by a θ θ alumina carrier. The fourth type of catalyst has a median pore position of at least 18 °. A pore size distribution. In some specific examples, the fourth 80 200535228

The median pore size of this catalyst can be at least 9 9 n A and 220 A at night, at least 230 A, at least 250 A, or at least 300 A. The UU A furnace carrier may contain at least 0.1 grams of at least 0.5 grams, or at least 0.9 grams of gallus per gram of carrier. The fourth catalyst may include, in several specific examples, a maximum of 0.1 grams of 5th winter 扈 α ^^ per gram of catalyst, and at least 〇〇〇〇〇1 gram of the mother gram catalyst. Brother 5 rests on metal. In the specific case of Cheng Chengben / Shi Shi, the metal in column 5 is hungry. In a few specific examples, after contact with the fourth catalyst, the crude feed can be contacted with the additional catalyst. The additional catalyst may be one or more of the following: the first catalyst, the second catalyst, the third catalyst, the fourth catalyst, the younger five catalysts, the twenty-six catalysts, the seventh A catalyst, a commodity catalyst as described herein, or a combination thereof. In several specific examples, hydrogen may be at a temperature of 300 to 400 ° C, 32 to 380 1 or 33 to 37 during the contact of the crude feed with the fourth catalyst. 〇 Produced at the level of a spoon. The crude oil products produced by Sis contact can have Tan with at most _, W at most ㈣, or TAN at the raw oil feed of ⑽. Hydrogen generation can range from J to 50 NmVm3, to M Nm3 / m3, or 15 to 25 NmVm3. The test content of crude oil is at most, up to 80%, at most · is _, at most 10%, or at least 1% of the total ... In a specific embodiment, the fifth type of catalyst ("the fifth catalyst,") includes a sixth metal that is combined with a Θ emulsified carrier. The fifth catalyst has a median pore control of at least 180 A, at least Wells distributed at 220 A, at least 230 A, at least 250 A, at least 300 A, or at most 500 A. 81 200535228 The carrier may contain at least 0.1 g per gram of carrier , At least 0.5 grams, or at least 0.999 grams of Θ alumina. In several specific examples, the support has an alpha oxide content of less than 0.1 grams of alpha alumina per gram of catalyst. The catalyst In some specific examples, the medium contains a maximum of 6 gram of metal per gram of catalyst, and at least 0.001 gram of 6 gram of metal per gram of catalyst. In several specific examples The metal in column 6 is molybdenum and / or tungsten. In a specific embodiment, when the crude oil feed and the fifth catalyst are at a temperature of 3 j 0 to 400 ° C, 320 to 370 ° C, or 330 to 360 ° C Next

On contact, the net uptake of hydrogen by the crude feed may be quite low (e.g. Μ to Ό NmVra3,! To 80 NmVm3, 5 to 50 NmVm3, or 10 to

Nin / m1). The net absorption of hydrogen from crude oil feeds can range from 1 to 20_3 / 1 „3 '2 to 15 NmVin3, or from 3 to 10 Nra3 / m3 in several specific examples. ^ Crude oil feeds and fifth The crude oil product produced by the catalyst contact can have A: up to 90%, up to 80%, up to 50%, or up to ⑽ to :: The feed ⑽ crude oil product paste can be in the range of 001 To ... MM.05, or 0.002 to 0.003.

The sixth type of catalyst ("^ catalyst") which is related to the oxygen oxides includes the 5th column metal and the 6th column metal. The sixth type of spider has a median pore diameter distribution from the example I diameter. In some specific Λ, 5, the median pore diameter of the knife and spoon can be at least 220 A, at least 250 A, at least A qnn A ^ is 230, and can be included in each gram of carrier to: 0 &quot; up to 500 A .该 载 The load

Grams, at least 0.0 &quot;, two grams ' at least 0.5 grams, at least U, and at least 99.9 grams of θ alumina. The halberd body in the Ding specific example can include the total amount of metal and 6th metal in the fifth shed 200535228, which is 40.1 grams, which is more than 4 0.1 grams in Mu 1 catalyst. At least 0.001 brother B metal and 6th 篦 fi ba ^ μ ”total 1. In a few specific examples, the total number of brothers 6 and the 5th 1 to 10, Wu 9 The Morse ratio of the genus ~ li can be in the range of 0.1 to 20, or 2 to 5. In the specific implementation examples of Μ Α ^ outer and temple, the 5th column is vanadium and the 6th column metal is molybdenum And / or tungsten. When the crude oil is fed with the sixth kind of catalyst, the catalyst can be sucked at -lGNm3 / l ^ in the range of 31 to 400 t, 32 to 370 C, or μ to 36 o. 2GNm3 / in3 \ = net of the wind of the material, w 3 / am / ID, -7 NmVm3 to 10Nmvm3, or a 5 NmVW to 5 NmVm3. The negative net uptake of gas is a sign that hydrogen is growing in the primary brother's house. Produced by 焉 油 ',; 斗, and the sixth catalyst contact

Property: She has the most TAN, the most is Gang, the most is J, the most is 10%, or at least I 〇 / ^ ΤΑλΐ less than U of the crude oil feed TAN. The TAN of the crude product may be in the range of 0.01 to 〇 1-. · 02 to 0.05, or 0.003 to 0.004. / J-sequence uptake of hydrogen during contact of the crude oil feed with the fourth, fifth, or sixth catalyst will reduce the total demand for hydrogen during the production rotation and / or during the guarding of acceptable crude products . Due to the cost of producing and / or transporting nitrogen, the minimization of the use of hydrogen in the process will reduce the overall processing cost. In the specific example, the seventh type of catalyst ("the seventh type of catalyst,") has a total metal content of the sixth block. Within the range of metal blocking. The metal in column 6 is molybdenum and / or tungsten. The seventh catalyst is beneficial for the production of crude oil products with TAN with a maximum of 90% of the crude oil feed. 83 200535228 Five, sixth Other specific examples of the first, second, third, fourth, and seventh catalysts described in the species can also be manufactured and / or used as described herein. Select the catalyst and Controlling operating conditions may allow for the production of crude oil products that have altered TAN and / or selected properties compared to the crude oil feed, while other properties of the original feed are not significantly changed. The resulting crude oil product may be fortified compared to the crude oil feed. Nature and therefore more acceptable for transport and / or refining.

Configuring two or more catalysts in a selected order can control the order of improving the properties of the crude oil feed. For example, M, milk specific gravity, at least part of asphaltene, at least part of iron, at least part of nickel, and / or at least part of vanadium in a crude oil feed can reduce at least a portion of the crude oil feed. One part of the heteroatoms was reduced before.

Configuring and / or selecting the catalyst in several specific examples can improve catalyst life and / or stability of the crude oil feed / total product mixture. Improving the stability of the catalyst # and / or crude feed / total product mixture during processing may allow the contact system to operate for at least 3 months, at least 6 months, or at least without changing the catalyst in the contact zone. 1 year. In combination with the selected catalyst, before other properties of the crude oil feed are changed, at least a part of the Ni / V / Fe and at least a part of the C5 in the oil feed: shell, at least a part of the metal in the form of an organic acid metal salt, at least Part j: residues that form at least part of the TAN, or a combination thereof, and at the same time maintain the stability of the crude oil feed / total product mixture during processing (eg, maintain the crude oil feed P value above h5). or,. 5 Asphaltene, 84 200535228 TAN and / or API specific gravity can be gradually reduced by contact of crude oil feed with selected catalyst. The ability to change the properties of the crude feed incrementally and / or selectively allows the stability of the crude feed / total product mixture to be maintained during processing. In some specific examples, one catalyst (the above) can be placed upstream of a series of catalysts. This configuration of the first-type catalyst may allow the removal of eight sub-quantities of pollutants, metal contaminants, and / or organic acid metal salt forms: genus, while maintaining the stability of the crude oil feed / total product mixture. The first catalyst in some specific examples allows the removal of at least a portion of Ni / V / Fe in crude oil feeds, the removal of acidic components, and the removal of components in the system that reduce the life of other catalysts, or a combination thereof . For example, compared to crude oil feed, reducing at least a part of the cyanide in the crude oil feed / total product mixture will suppress f'J, other blockages that have been placed downstream, and will increase 5 Duration during which the contact system can operate without supplementary catalyst. Removal of at least a portion of the Ni / V / Fe in the crude oil feed in several specific examples can increase the life of one or more catalysts placed behind the first catalyst. The second catalyst and / or the third catalyst may be arranged in the privacy of the first catalyst. Further contact between the crude oil feed / total product mixture and the third catalyst and / or the third catalyst can further reduce the TAN, reduce the Ni / V / Fe content, lower the &amp; 塁, reduce the oxygen content ' And / or reduce the metal content of the organic acid metal salt. In several specific examples, the contact of the crude oil feed with the second catalyst and / or the third catalyst can produce a crude oil feed / total product mixture, which has a reduced TAN, reduced sulfur content, reduced oxygen content, reduced metal content in the form of metal salts of organic acids, reduced 85 200535228 low cyanide content, p 4 and recombined, and at the same time maintained crude oil Feed / Shell 4 Stability of the feed ... In the second catalyst configuration, the two catalysts are located upstream of the third catalyst, or vice versa. This force that allows nitrogen to be delivered to a particular contact &amp; contact tends to minimize the use of j during the contact. Personnel-、 、 σ σ The contact person that promotes the occurrence of hydrogen during the contact period and the person who absorbs the phase during the contact period. 丨 __ # The photocatalyst of taking lice milk from Tian Xili can be used to change the same properties of the toiletry feed. Selected properties of the original / yield products below 4t_ ^. Example ff

Mouth: four kinds of catalysts can be combined with the first kind of catalyst, the second kind of catalyst, the third kind of horn catalyst, the fifth kind of catalyst, the miscellaneous brother /, the kind of catalyst, and / or the seventh kind The catalyst merger is used to change the selected properties of the crude oil feed, and at the same time, only the selected quantity can be changed to change the other properties of the feed t, and / or at the same time to keep the oil feed / total product poor. The sequence and / or number of catalysts minimizes the net uptake of ammonia while maintaining the stability of the crude feed / total product. The minimum net absorption of hydrogen is based on the residual content of the crude oil feed, 'VG0 content, fraction content,

The gamma specific gravity, or a combination thereof, remains within the range of the individual properties of the crude oil feed at 20% 'and the TAN and / or viscosity of the crude oil product is at most the TAN and / or viscosity of the crude oil feed. Reducing the net absorption of hydrogen from the original feed can produce a boiling distribution similar to that of the crude oil feed, which reduces the tan spoon of crude oil products compared to the tan of the crude feed. The atomic H / c of the crude oil product can also be changed only slightly compared to the atomic H / C of the crude oil feed. The generation of hydrogen in the special contact zone may allow selective addition of hydrogen to other contact zones and / or allow selective reduction of the properties of the crude oil feed. In several examples of the 2005200535228, the fourth interfering game, the downloading catalyst can be arranged in the additional game described in this paper, downstream or in between. It can occur during the bearing period, and hydrogen can be brought into contact with the fourth catalyst in the crude oil feed-it can be reversed to the flow of the crude oil feed. In several Zhao instances, = Dakota flows in the same direction as the crude oil feed. Spoon wheel Period ::: Word: In a stacked structure (see e.g. ® 2β), hydrogen can be generated in the contact zone 102 in contact ㈣ ^ 2β, gas can be

The crude oil feed is transported to the additional contact zone (for example, the contact zone 114 in FIG. 2B T). In fact,-in the case of material deposition, ammonia flow can enter crude oil 5 or, in a stacked structure (see Figure 3B), hydrogen can be in a contact zone (such as the contact in Figure 3B) Zone 1 is generated = the source can be transported to the first additional connection in the opposite direction of the crude oil feed flow. For example, at K 3 &quot;, the chlorine is added to the contact zone through the conduit 106 and the crude oil feed flow is transported to the second direction. Additional contact area (for example, in FIG. 3B, hydrogen is added to the contact area 116 via the conduit 106). In some specific examples, the fourth catalyst is connected in parallel with the sixth catalyst system. This type of catalyst is located upstream of the sixth type of catalyst, or vice versa 2 ° Combining the fourth type of catalyst with the additional catalyst can reduce the amount of chlorine in the crude oil feed: reduce TAN and reduce Ni / V / Fe content, and / or reduced metal content in the form of metal salts of organic acids. A small net uptake of hydrogen may allow other properties of the crude oil product to change only slightly compared to the same properties of the crude oil feed. In several specific examples , Two different seventh catalysts can be used in combination. The seventh catalyst used in the game, instead of the seventh catalyst downstream, may have a total content per 87 200535228 grams of catalyst. The seventh downstream. The sixth metal in the dry fence The seventh kind of catalyst that is equal to or greater than the upstream and the downstream of the mother gram can be at least 0 02 # per gram of the catalyst. The total content of the sixth metal in the catalyst. The content is the sixth in grams in several specific examples. The total of seven catalysts in the sixth column of the metal of the column metal can be reversed. The ability of the seven types of catalysts and the catalytic activity of the downstream tili catalyst in the downstream $ is compared with the same properties using relatively little oil feed ^ Other properties of the object with a small change from the original). The equivalent crude oil feed of 3 miles or its combination with the upstream and downstream -TAW. ^ The downstream contact of the seven catalysts can be produced and the H attack is mostly 90%, up to 5Q%, and up to 2? 〆 &gt; In the case of 1% crude oil feed, the TAN nt of the crude oil feed gradually comes into contact with several concrete facts: 1 (: Hunting is generated by the seventh catalyst upstream and downstream from the crude oil feed The contact between the oil feed and the catalyst to produce a virgin crude oil product with modified properties, and then the contact between the virgin, A, and the additional catalyst produces a toilet; ^ # 、. ώ @ ^, 'Nature crude oil product). Asymptotic Second Low = Product Compared to Change The ability of chopped TM to reduce TM can help maintain the stability of the crude feed / total product mixture during processing. In several specific examples, the combination of catalyst selection and / or catalyst sequence with controlled contact conditions (such as temperature and / or crude oil feed rate) can help reduce hydrogen uptake of crude oil feeds and help maintain crude oil during processing Feed production: The stability of the mixture and compared to the individual properties of the crude oil feed: 夂 one or more properties of the crude oil product. Crude feed / total product mixture 88 200535228 The stability of the crude feed / total product mixture may be affected by the phase separation of various phases from the crude oil feed / total product mixture. Phase separation can be φb such as crude oil feed and / or crude oil feed in the crude product feed / total product mixture , Caused by settling L of the ingredients of the feed / total product mixture, or a combination thereof. During a certain period of contact, the number of crude oil feeds and / or total product mixtures in the crude oil feed / total product mixture may be changed. When the total product concentration in the crude feed / total product mixture changes due to the formation of crude products,

Crude oil feed / total product mixture T crude oil feed composition and / or total product composition

The solubility will tend to change. For example, a crude feed may contain ingredients that are soluble in the crude feed at the beginning of processing. When the nature of the crude oil feed (such as TAN, MCR, C5 asphalt f, ρ value, or a combination thereof) changes, these ingredients may become less soluble in the crude oil feed / total product mixture. In the right scallop case, the crude feed and the total product may form two phases and / or become insoluble with each other. Changes in solubility may also cause the crude feed / total product mixture to form two or more phases. The formation of two phases due to the flocculation of asphaltenes, changes in crude oil feed and total product concentration, and / or precipitation of ingredients tends to reduce the life of one or more catalysts. In addition, process efficiency may be reduced. For example, it may be necessary to repeatedly process the crude feed / total product mixture to produce a crude product with desired properties. During processing, the p value of the crude feed / total product mixture can be monitored, and the stability of the process, crude feed, and / or crude feed / total product mixture can be evaluated. Typically, a P value of at most L5 indicates that flocculation of the cyanogen of the crude oil feed usually occurs. If the initial value of ρ is at least 1.5, 89 200535228 and these two values will increase or be quite stable during the contact period, then this "interphase" ... crude oil feed / total product stability, as estimated by p value to π ^ 丄 妁 M ^ M Mi can be controlled by controlling the contact conditions, by the selective selection of the catalyst, the wrong selection of the catalyst, or a combination thereof. Such control of the contact conditions may include the control of Satoshi and temperature , Lili, hydrogen absorption, crude oil feed flow rate, or a combination thereof. Fang, Yougan specific "in the column" to control the contact temperature to remove and: or other asphaltenes, while maintaining the bile content of crude oil feed. Reduction of ㈣ content by lice absorption and / or higher contact temperature may form two phases ’which may reduce crude feed / total product mixture ㈣ steep and / or longevity of the catalyst. Controlled contact temperature and chlorine uptake: Junction: The catalysts described herein allow to reduce c5 asphaltenes while at the same time changing the MCR content of the crude oil feed to a relatively small amount. In several specific examples, the contact conditions are controlled so that the temperature in one or more of the contact regions can be the phase I to π β,-, or 〃. Operation at different temperatures may allow selective changes in crude feedability. Π # ^ Belleopterin maintains the stability of the crude feed / total product mixture. Crude oil feed enters the first contact zone at the beginning of the process. First-connection = temperature = first-temperature in the contact zone. The other contact temperatures (such as the second temperature, the third temperature, the fourth temperature, etc.) are the temperatures in the contact area disposed behind the -contact area. The first-contact temperature can be between 100 and 420. (In the range of 'the second contact temperature may be within the range of 20 to 100 C, 30 to 90 t, or 40 to 60 ° from the first contact temperature. In some specific examples, the second contact temperature is greater than The first contact temperature. Having different contact temperatures can reduce the TAN and / or C5 asphaltene content in the crude oil product to the TAN and / or C5 Μ # mass content of the crude oil feed 90 200535228. The temperature of the 'live' in the second and second contact is the same or different from each other "(within 0, the degree of TAN and / or Cs cyanocyanine reduction is greater. For example, the 'first contact zone may contain the first contact And / or a fourth catalyst, and the second contact zone may contain other catalysts described herein. The first contact temperature may be 350 t, and the second contact temperature may be 300 ^ Contact with a first catalyst in a contact zone and / or contact with a fourth catalyst at a higher temperature prior to contact with other catalysts in a second contact zone can result in crude oil feed, and TAN and / or Cs in the same crude oil feed when the difference between the first and second contact temperature Φ is within 10 ° c Compared with the reduction in quality, there is more reduction in TAN and / or c5 asphaltenes. Examples The following proposes non-limiting examples of carrier preparation, catalyst preparation, and a system with a selected catalyst configuration and controlled contact conditions. Example 1 M is prepared by M. The carrier was prepared by grinding 576 grams of oxide (Criterion Catalysts and Technologies LP, Michigan City, Michigan, USA) with 585 grams of water and 8 grams of glacial nitric acid for 35 minutes. The resulting ground mixture was extruded through a h 3 Tril0beTM template, dried between 90 and 125 ° C, and then calcined at 918 ° C to obtain 650 g of a calcined support having a median pore size of 182 A. The This calcined support was placed in a Lindberg furnace. The temperature of the furnace was raised to 1000 to 1000C over a period of 5 hours, and then maintained within this range for 2 hours to produce a support. This support was included in each gram of support 0.003 g of gamma alumina, 0.008 g of oxidized aluminum, 91 200535228 0208 g of delta alumina, and 0978 g of Θ alumina by radiation Diffraction measurement. This carrier is right with 1 1G m2 / g surface area and 0 · 821 ⑽g total pore volume. This carrier has a pore distribution with a median pore size of 232 A. 66.7% of the total number of pores in the pore size distribution has a range of 85: pore size This example illustrates how to prepare a carrier with a pore size distribution of at least 8OA and a carrier containing at least 0.1 g of Θ alumina. Contacting.-^ Vanadium catalysts below Prepared in column mode. The alumina carrier prepared by the method described in Example 1 was impregnated with a vanadium impregnating solution, which was prepared by binding 82 g of deionized water with 7.69 Å of VOs04. The pH value of this solution was 2.27. The oxide carrier (100 g) was impregnated with the immersion solution, accidentally induced for 2 hours, dried at 125 t for several hours, and then at. c Bake for 2 hours. The catalyst obtained contains ^, grams of hunger per gram of catalyst, and the remainder is the carrier. This catalyst has a median pore size & pore size distribution of 35 (A), a pore volume of 0.69 cm3 / g, and a surface area of 110 mVg. In addition, in the pore size distribution of the vanadium catalyst, 66.7% of the total number of pores had a pore size in the range of 70 A median pore shuttle. This example illustrates the preparation of a column 5 catalyst having a pore size distribution with a median pore size of at least 23 people. 200535228 Molybdenum catalyst is prepared in the following manner. The emulsified carrier prepared by the method described in Example 1 was impregnated with an indium impregnation solution. This platinum impregnation solution was obtained by using 4.26 g of (NH4) 2M0207, 6.38 g of Mo03, 1.12 g of 30% L02, 0-27 g of monoethanolamine ( MEA) was prepared by forming an aqueous solution with 6.51 g of deionized water. This mash is heated to 65 ° C until the solids are dissolved. Let the heating liquid cool the part to room temperature. The pH value of this solution was 5 ·%. Adjust the solution volume to 82 mL with ionized water.

s alumina support (100 g) was impregnated with a molybdenum impregnation solution to

4Dynamic aging 2 hours of drying at 125 ° C for several hours, then at 480 ° C 5¾, 2 j Bxj · The catalyst obtained contained 0.04 g of molybdenum per gram of catalyst, two more ^ knife As a carrier. This indium catalyst has a median pore diameter &amp;, a pore diameter of 0.77 cm / g, and a surface area of j 16 m2 / g. In addition, 67.7% of the total pore numbers in the pore size distribution of the copper catalyst have pore sizes in the 86 A median pore size range. κ% Example Ziming prepared a sixth catalyst with a pore size distribution with a median pore size of at least 2 mm.

The pore size is at least πη A / min. The platinum / hungry catalyst is prepared by the following methods: r to 10,000. The alumina carrier prepared by the method described in Example 1 was used for immersion in a tumbling / starching solution. Mm 'by combining 2.14 grams of tritium, 3-21 grams: 3, 0.56 grams of 30% hydrogen peroxide (h2O2), ou grams of monoethanolamine (MEA), ^^ grams De-canned water is made into a slurry. The slurry is heated to 65 ° C until solid, and inflammation baskets / combined. The heating solution was allowed to cool to room temperature. 93 200535228 The second solution was made by combining 3 57 g of ¥ 03004 with 40 g of deionized water. The first solution and the second solution were combined, and sufficient deionized water was added to bring the volume of the combined solution to 82 ml to produce a molybdenum / starch solution. The alumina was impregnated with a molybdenum / vanadium impregnation solution, and when accidentally stirred for aging 2+, it was dried at 125 t for several hours, and then calcined at 4800 ° C for 2 hours. The obtained catalyst was in each gram of catalyst. Contains 0.02 g of vanadium and 0.02 g of molybdenum, and the remainder is a carrier. This molybdenum / vanadium catalyst has a pore size distribution with a median pore size of 300 A. This example illustrates the preparation of media with a median pore size of at least The 6th column metal and the 5th column metal catalyst with a pore size distribution of 23 people. Example t — contact between the housing and three kinds of catalysts. A tube reactor system equipped with a temperature measuring sleeve in the center Equipped with a thermocouple to measure the temperature of the entire catalyst bed. This catalyst bed is filled with catalyst and silicon carbide (20-grid, stanf% d) between the temperature measuring sleeve and the inner wall.

Materials; Aliso Viej, CA). It is believed that this type of silicon carbide 2 has low catalytic properties under the operating conditions described herein. Prior to placing the mixture in the contact zone of the reactor, all catalysts were admixed with an equal volume of carbides. The reactor crude oil feed flow is from the top of the reactor to the bottom of the reactor. Alas. The silicon carbide system is arranged at the bottom of the reactor as a bottom carrier. A catalyst / silicon carbide mixture (42 cm3) at the bottom is placed above the silicon carbide to form the bottom contact area. The bottom catalyst has a pore size distribution with a median pore size of 77 A. The total number of pores in this pore size distribution is 66.7%. The bottom catalyst contained 0.05 g / g of 200520052828 scoop, 0.25 mg of nickel per gram of catalyst, and the remainder was an alumina carrier. £ up = catalyst / carbonized plum is arranged at the bottom of the contact :; two: into the middle contact area. The interfacial catalyst has a median pore diameter of 9 "trowel cloth, and the total number of pores in this pore size distribution is 66 · 7%. The gram catalyst contains 0.02 grams of nickel and 8 grams of osmium, and the rest is an oxide carrier. The top / P catalyst / carbon carbide mixture (42 cm3) is arranged above the middle contact area. To form the top contact area. The top catalyst has a median aperture of 192 mm.

Kong's second cloth 'contains U4 grams of platinum per gram of catalyst, and the rest is mainly a gamma oxide carrier. The carbide fossils are arranged above the top contact area to fill the vacancies and serve as preheating areas: The catalyst bed is loaded into the Lindberg furnace, which includes five corresponding to the middle of the preheated product, the bottom contact area, and the bottom carrier. Adding —— ”“ 、、、 Zone 0 catalyst is based on the total amount of catalyst per unit volume (mL) by mixing the gaseous mixture of 5 vol% hydrogen sulfide and 95 vol% hydrogen (silicon carbide is not considered as The moon product of the catalyst. The trowel) was introduced into the contact zone at a rate of 1.5 litres of gaseous mixture to form a litter. The temperature in the contact zone increased to 204 (4⑽ F) and remained at 204 during j hours. 2 hours at ° c. After holding at 204 ° C, the contact zone gradually increased to 316 ° F (600 F) at a rate of 10 ° C (50 T) per hour. The contact zone was maintained at 31 6 ° c For one hour, gradually rise to 370 t (700 τ) over 1 hour and keep at 37 ° C for two hours. Allow the contact zone to cool to ambient temperature. Filter crude oil from Mars rig in Gul f of Mexico, then Under g3 it 95 200535228 (200 ° F), heat in an oven for 12 to 24 hours to generate a summary At = 1, the crude oil feed of the nature of Figure 7. The crude oil feed is fed to the top of the reactor. The crude oil feed flows through the preheat zone, top contact zone, middle contact zone, bottom contact zone, and bottom carrier of the reactor. The crude oil feed is contacted with each catalyst in the presence of hydrogen. The contact conditions are as follows: The ratio of hydrogen to the crude oil feed to the reactor is 328 Nm3 / m3 (2000 Scfb), "M is 1 h_i , And the pressure is 6.9 Mpa (100.4 · 7 psi). The three contact zones were heated to 370 ° C (700 T) and held at 370 t for 500 hours. The temperature of the two contact zones was then increased and maintained in the following order: 379 ° F (715 ° F) for 500 hours, followed by 388 (73 ° F) for 500 hours, and then 390 ° C. (: (734 卞) 1 800 hours, followed by "々 ^ (742 F) 2400 hours. The total product (in other words, crude oil product and gas) leaves the catalyst bed. The total product is introduced into the gas-liquid separator. The gas-liquid In the phase separator, the total product = is separated into crude oil products and gases. The gas input of the system is measured by the mass flow controller. The gas system leaving the system is measured by a hygrometer. Crude oil products: Periodic analysis to determine the composition of crude oil products Weight percentages. The results listed are the averages of the measured weight percentages of the ingredients. The properties of the crude oil products are summarized in Table 1 of Figure 7. As shown in Table 1, crude oil products have a content of 0.1 μM per gram of crude oil product. Sulfur content, residue content of 0.255 g, oxygen content of 007 g. The crude oil product has a ratio of MCR content to q asphaltene content of! 9 and TAN of 9.0. The total of nickel and vanadium The amount is 22 4 wtppm. The catalyst brotherhood is determined by measuring the weighted average bed temperature ("WABT. For the original, by 96 200535228: operating time. The catalyst life may be the same as the temperature of the catalyst bed J. Salt Xindang catalyst life reduced The WABT will increase as shown in Figure 8. Figure 8 is a graph of the paired time ('τ,) used to improve the crude oil feed in the contact zone described in this implementation, | J. The curve 136 represents the average WABT of the three contact zones. For the running time of the contact between the crude oil, the top, the middle, and the bottom catalyst. In most of the running time, the contact zone only changes about &gt; k Xiang Tianwen's WABT. The catalytic activity of the catalyst can be judged and it is ~~ again. Typical and Lu, the intermediate plant operating time of 3000 to 3500 hours is related to one year of industrial operation. _ This example illustrates that under the condition of controlling the contact conditions, the crude oil is fed. Material, a catalyst with a pore size distribution with a median pore size of at least A! 80A and contact with a pore size distribution with a median pore size in the range of 90 to 180A, at least 60% of the total The number of pores has an additional catalyst contact with a pore size in the median pore size range of 45 A to produce a total product containing crude oil products. As determined by the P value, the stability of the crude oil feed / total product mixture is maintained. The crude product and crude feed Ratio, with reduced TAN, reduced Ni / V / Fe content, reduced sulfur content, and reduced oxygen content, while the residual content and VG0 content of crude oil products are between 90% and 11% These properties of the crude oil feed. Example of Green 6 · Feed and two touched Izaki with median porosity pore size in the range of 90 $ 1 n A. _ Reaction is equipment (Except for the number and content of contact areas), the method of forming sulfide by catalyst, the method of separating total products and the method of analyzing crude oil products are the same as those described in Example 5. Each catalyst system is equivalent to the volume of silicon carbide 97 200535228 The crude oil feed flow of the Mix 0 reactor is from the top of the reactor to the bottom of the reactor. The reactor is filled from the bottom to the top in the following manner. "Carbonite" has been placed at the bottom of the reactor as a bottom carrier, and the compound is placed in the carbon cutting zone. The bottom catalyst has a median pore size ... Aperture with: k. Violation of bottom catalyst per gram

The rest of the brocade is the carrier. 3 ·〗 gram division of 0. ° 2 grams of catalyst / carbon cut mixture ⑻ ... is arranged at the bottom = above to form the top contact area. The top catalyst has _ bit aperture for! In Γ: =, the pore size distribution has a pore size within 66.7% of 崎 ^ L. The top touches the first point of the record, and is placed in the contact area of the younger one. 婵 # 在 # Really charge two and serve as a preheating area. The catalyst bed was installed in Lindberp.

The contact area and the bottom adjacent load correspond to the preheating area, the two contact areas. The four heating zones of the radon carrier.俜 Supply 2 is summarized in Table 2, and Figure 9 is a β "crude oil (VenezUe) a) is supplied to the top of the reactor. The top adjacent life anchor" crude oil enters the reactor through the preheating zone of the reactor, "Ⅱ; ！: Bottom contact area and bottom carrier. Crude oil feed is contacted by gas and gas, Γ, and catalysts. The contact conditions are as follows: The ratio of hydrogen to supply is' :: /, and the ratio of oil feed is 160 NmVm3 ( 1 000 SCFB), pass ... 'and Mo Li A 6.9 palpitations 4.7 PS1). The two contact areas 4 heat up to ⑽t and remain at 26〇t. F) 98 200535228 287 hours. The temperature of the two contact areas is Then increase and hold in the following order: 270 t: (525 ° F) 190 hours, then 288 ° c (550 T) for 216 hours, then 315 ° C (600 T) for 360 hours, and then 343 ° C (65 0 卞) 120 hours to reach a total run time of 1173 hours. The total product leaves the reactor and is separated as described in Example 5. The crude product has an average TAN of 0.42 and an average of 1 2 · 5 during processing. Specific gravity of API. The crude product contains 0.023 g of sulfur in each gram of crude product. Oxygen, 441 grams of VGO-square, square, and 378 g of residue *

Thing. Additional properties of the crude product series are shown in Table 2 of FIG. This example shows that contacting a crude oil feed with a catalyst having a pore size distribution with a median pore size ranging from 9 () to 180 ° to produce a crude oil product, which is compared to the properties of a crude oil feed, Individual properties of crude oil feed with reduced TAN, reduced Ni / v / Fe si, and reduced oxygen content, while the residual content and VGO content of crude oil products are 99% and 100%.

Reactor equipment (apart from the number and content of contact areas), catalysts,

The total product separation method, and the dipping method from the product analysis, are the same as those described in Example 6 of the catalyst-forming sulfide method fish. ^ Tantalum copper is supplied to the system for reaction. The crude oil feed system flows through the reactor's preheating top contact zone, bottom contact zone, and bottom carrier. The contact conditions were as follows: the ratio of the crude oil feed to 哭 σ 盾, 上 上, 社, and σσ was 80 NmVni3 SCFB) LHSV was 2 h 1, and the pressure was 6.9 chest (1〇i4 7 卯The two contact zones are gradually increased by mc (650 total operation 99 200535228 is 10 7 hours. The crude oil product has an average τ- of 016 and an average AΠ specific gravity of ΐ6.2 during processing. The crude oil product contains Η &quot; 6 milligrams of copper, 0.6 wtppm zinc, and 3 wtppm potassium. The crude product contains 0.033 grams of bowl, 0.002 grams of oxygen, 0.376 grams of VGO 'and 0.401 per gram of crude product. Residues of grams. The additional properties of the crude oil series are shown in Table 3 of Figure 10. This example shows contacting a crude oil feed with a selected catalyst having a pore size distribution in the range of 90 to 180 A to produce a crude product. , Which has a reduced TAN 'reduced individual calcium, sodium, zinc, and potassium content, while the VG0 in the 3 claws of crude oil products contains radon and residues of 76%, 94%, and 103% of the individual properties of the crude oil feed . ~~ The media system under the conditions of 夂 K ^ K each ^^ each reactor equipment (except for Except for the number and content of zones), each catalyst forms a sulfide method, each total product separation method, and each crude oil product analysis system is the same as described in the implementation of w 5. Unless otherwise stated, all catalyst carbon The fossils are mixed! The volume ratio of the catalyst is mixed with the carbonized fossils. The crude oil feed flow through the mother reactor is from the top of the reactor to the bottom of the reactor. The silicon carbide system is arranged at the bottom of each reactor Each reactor has a bottom contact area and a top contact area as a bottom load. After the catalyst / silicon carbide mixture is placed in the contact area of each reactor, the silicon carbide system is arranged above the top contact area to fill the vacant space and as a The preheating zone of each reactor. The mother reactor is charged into the Lindberg furnace, which includes four heating zones corresponding to the preheating zone 100 200535228, two contact zones, and the bottom carrier. The fired molybdenum / nickel catalyst / silicon carbide mixture cm) is disposed in the bottom contact area. The catalyst contains grams of molybdenum, 0.0047 grams of nickel, and 021 grams of phosphorus per gram of catalyst. , The rest is the carrier of oxidation. A molybdenum catalyst / silicon carbide mixture (12 cm3) containing a catalyst having a pore size distribution with a median pore diameter of 180 A is arranged in the top contact area. The molybdenum catalyst has Q · Q4 per gram of catalyst. The total content of grams of platinum, the rest is a carrier containing at least 0.50 grams of 7 alumina per gram of the carrier. In Example 9, the uncalcined molybdenum / cobalt catalyst / silicon carbide mixture was arranged in two In the contact zone, the uncalcined platinum / starting catalyst contained 0.143 g of molybdenum, 0.043 g of cobalt, and 0.0021 g of phosphorus, and the remainder was an alumina support. A molybdenum catalyst / silicon carbide mixture (12 cm3) is placed in the top contact area. The molybdenum catalyst is the same as that in the top contact region of Example 8. In Example 10, the molybdenum catalyst system described in the top contact region of Example 8 was mixed with silicon carbide and arranged in two contact regions (60 M3). In Example 11, the uncalcined molybdenum / nickel catalyst / silicon carbide mixture (Cm) was disposed in the bottom contact area. The unburned molybdenum / nickel catalyst contained 0.08 grams of platinum, 0.025 grams of copper, and 0.01 grams of disk per gram of catalyst, and the remainder was an alumina support. A molybdenum catalyst / silicon carbide mixture (12 cm3) is placed in the top contact area. The hafnium-molybdenum catalyst is the same as that in the top contact area of Example 8. Filter the crude oil from the Mars rig (Gulf 〇f Mexico), and then heat at 101 200535228 93 C (200 F) for 2 to 24 hours in a box with 々, 、, and 宁 to generate the samples for Examples 8 to 11 of the crude oil feed has the characteristics of the ancient master / ^,, and has the properties shown in Table 4, Figure 11. Crude oil feed was fed to the top of the reactors of these examples. Crude oil feeds flow through the preheat zone, top contact zone, bottom contact zone, and bottom carrier of the reactor. The crude feed is contacted with each catalyst in the presence of hydrogen. The contact conditions of each example were as follows: the ratio of hydrogen to the crude oil feed during the contact was 160 coffee (1 coffee), and the total pressure of each system was 6.9 MPa (1014. 7 pS〇. During the first 200 hours, lhsv

It is 2.0 h 1 'and then the lHSV decreases to 0 h-1 at the remaining contact time. The temperature of all contact zones was 343 t (65 ° F) for 5000 hours of contact. After 500 hours, the temperature of all contact zones is controlled as follows: the temperature of the contact zone is raised to 354 t (670 ° F) and maintained at 354 for 200 hours; it is increased to 366 ° C (690 ° F) and maintained at 366 It went down for 2,000 hours; rose to 3 71 C (700 ° F) 'and kept at 371 ° c for 1,000 hours; rose to 385 ° F (725 F) and kept at 385 C for 200 hours; then rose to 399 . (: (750

° F) to a final temperature of 2,000 hours at 399 to reach a total contact time of 23,000 hours. Crude oil products are regularly analyzed to determine the TAN, hydrogen uptake of the crude oil feed, P value, VGO content, residue content, and oxygen content. The average values of the properties of the crude oil products produced in Examples 8 to 11 are shown in Table 5 in FIG. 11. FIG. 12 is the p-value (“p”) of the crude oil products of each catalyst system in Examples 8 to Graphical representation of operating time ("t"). The crude feed has a P value of at least ι · 5. Curves, lines 14, 40, 142, 144, and H6 represent the hour reached by contacting the crude oil 102 200535228 feed individually with the four catalyst systems of ρ # of the crude oil product of Example δ: two compared to the examples For the catalyst system of 8 to 1G, in Example Π, the majority of the remaining values are at least 5]. In the implementation of the (2300 hours of sound beam day Γ value is greater than the P value of the transport in Example 11 can be seen: binary AU. From each test, the crude oil production remained fairly stable (such as the shoulder method test). The crude oil feed during the contact except for the examples

For each part of the test, the P value of the product is maintained at a large value-TU, t). Curves 148, 150, and 152 show the net uptake of hydrogen obtained by contacting the crude oil feed individually with each of Examples 8 to 11 and then contacting it. Net uptake of hydrogen from crude oil feed To 48 ⑷8 to _ ⑽: within the dry fence. As shown in Figure 13, the net uptake of hydrogen by the crude feed was fairly constant in the parent test.

Fig. 14 shows the residual content ("R") of the crude oil product expressed as a weight percentage of each catalyst system throughout the examples 8 to i] as a function of the operating time ("t,"). In each of the four tests, the crude oil product had a residue content of 88 to 90% of the crude feed. Curves 156, 158, 160, and 162 show the residual content of the crude oil products obtained by contacting the crude oil feeds individually with the catalyst systems of Examples 8 to 1-1. As shown in Figure 14, the residue content of crude oil products remained fairly constant in most of the tests. 103 200535228 Fig. 15 is a graph showing the change in the specific gravity of m of the crude oil product of each of the catalyst systems of Examples 8 to 11 ("△," vs. the operating time ("t"). 'The API proportion of crude oil products obtained by Ketian 1 Wenyuanmiao Jin individually contacted with the catalyst systems of Examples 8 to 11. In each of the four trials, each crude oil product had a viscosity of 58.3 Viscosity within the range of 72.7 cSt. The Aρ specific gravity of each crude oil product increases by L 5 to 4.1 degrees. The increased API specific gravity corresponds to the API specific gravity of crude oil products in the range of 217 to 22 95. Within this range The API gravity of the crude oil feed with a specific gravity of ug to ㈣ is shown in Fig. 16. Fig. 16 shows the oxygen content ("v) of the crude oil product (" v ") versus the operating time (" t "). Curves m, m, m, and 178 represent the oxygen content of the crude oil product obtained by contacting the crude oil feed with the catalyst system of Example 8 纟 U, respectively. Each crude product has an oxygen content of up to 16% of the crude feed. Each crude product had an oxygen content of o.oou to per gram of crude product during each test period. .〇. Within 15 grams. As shown in Figure 16, the oxygen content of crude oil products remained fairly constant after a contact time of 200 hours. The considerable oxygen content of the crude oil product was significantly reduced during the exposure period. Since "AN is also reduced in these examples, it can be inferred that at least a portion of the organic acid compounds containing retarded acids have a more selective decrease than the organic oxygen compounds containing non-retarded acids. In Example 11, the reaction conditions were: 371 t ( 700 卞), the force is 6.9MPa (1 (H4.7PSi), and the ratio of hydrogen to crude oil feed is 16 ^ NmVW (1 000 SCFB). Based on the weight of crude oil feed, the crude oil feed 104 200535228 content decreases 17.5 wt%. At a temperature of 399 ° C (750 ° F), at the same pressure and the ratio of hydrogen and crude oil feed, the reduction in MCR content of crude oil feed was 25. 4 wt%. In Example 9, the reaction conditions were: 371 t (700 τ), the force was 6.9 MPa (1014 · 7 psi), and the ratio of hydrogen to crude oil feed was 160 Nm3. / m3 (100 SCFB), based on the weight of the crude oil feed, the reduction of the mcr content in the crude oil feed was 17.5 wt%. At a temperature of 399 ° C (750 ° F), the same pressure and hydrogen and Under the ratio of crude oil feed, the reduction in MCR content of crude oil feed by crude oil feed = weight juice is 19 wt%. The increase in these reductions in the MCR content of crude oil feed is It is shown that the uncalcined columns 6 and 10 metal catalysts are more capable of reducing the mcr content at higher temperatures than the uncalcined = 6 and 9 metal catalysts. These examples show a relatively high TAN (0 · 8 TAN) crude oil feed with-or multiple catalyst contact system to produce crude oil products, while maintaining the stability of the crude oil feed / total product mixture and having a net absorption of only the amount of chlorine. Selected crude oil products The properties of the most "70% of crude oil feeds have the same properties. At the same time, the selected properties of crude oil products are within the same range of crude oil feeds of 2 to 3mm. As shown in Gekouyi 4, each crude oil product has a maximum of ^ coffee. (275 SCFB) Production of net absorption of hydrogen from crude oil feed.: Handled l · · v of bamboo with crude oil feed with a maximum of 4% of the crude oil feed and an average total Ni / V content of up to 61%. ,,, and Nl / V content, while maintaining the P value of the crude oil feed above 3. At the same time, the average residual content of the crude oil products of the parent crude oil products is 8 to 90% of the crude oil feed. Anti-private, 'residue containment. The average VG0 105 200535228 content of each crude product is 1 15 to 117% of the cock ,, mountain, μ a cartridge into Beijing Tu of the oil into the VG0 containing i. Each crude product 2 as an average API gravity API gravity of the crude oil from 110 to 117% of the feed, and each oil The viscosity of the product is at most 45% of the viscosity of the crude oil feed. Example 1 2 to -11 ^^^ The minimum hydrogen consumption of the material is 6 ^ 1 ^, and the pore size of the pore size gas is described in Example 12. From 14 to 14, each reactor equipment (except the number of contact zones and internal integration), each catalyst formation sulfide method, each total product separation method, and each crude product analysis The same. All

A catalyst system is mixed with the tritiated silicon dioxide of the isomeric 穑 Μ # ^ &amp; A product. The crude feed flow from each reactor is from the top of the reactor to the bottom of the reactor. Carbonized fossils are arranged at the bottom of the mother reactor as a bottom carrier. Each reactor contains a connection. After the catalyst &quot; anaerobic silicon mixture is placed in the contact area of each reactor, the 'carbonized rock series' is arranged above the top contact area to fill the void and act as the parent reaction Preheat zone. Each reactor is charged with a Li-erg furnace, "including the three heating zones corresponding to the preheating zone, the contact zone, and the carrier at the bottom. Catalyst contact. The catalyst / silicon carbide mixture (40 cm3) is arranged above the silicon carbide to form

Into a contact area. The catalyst used in Example 12 was the catalyst prepared in Example 2. It is used to report: A. The catalyst of Beiyuan Example 13 is the molybdenum catalyst prepared in Example 3. The catalyst used in Example 14 is the molybdenum / vanadium catalyst prepared in Example 4. The contact conditions of Example 1 9 Z; 1 ^ to 14 are as follows: The ratio of hydrogen to the crude oil feed to the reactor ^ 7 α # 'is 160 Nm3 / m3 (1,000 SCFB), and the LHSV is 1 ΐτ1, And Suilili w · 9 MPa (1 01 4 · 7 psi). The contact zone was gradually heated to 343 t (650 卞) during a period of 106 200535228 and maintained at 343 t for 120 hours to achieve a total operating time of 36 hours. The total product leaves the contact zone and separates as described in Example 5. The net uptake of hydrogen by each catalyst system was measured during the contact period. In Example 12, the &gt; Yin absorption of hydrogen was 10-7 Nm3 / m3 (65 SCFB), and the crude product had a TAN of 6.75. In Example 13, the net uptake of hydrogen was in the range of 2.2 to 3.0 NmVm3 (13.9 to 18.7 SCFB), and the crude product had a TAN in the range of 0.3 to 0.5. In Example 14, during the contact of the crude oil feed with the molybdenum / vanadium catalyst, the net absorption of hydrogen was in the range of -0.05 to 0.6 Mm3 / m3 (-0.336 SCFB to 400SCFB). The product has a TAN in the range of 0.2 to 0.5. From the net absorption value of hydrogen during the contact period, it is estimated that during the contact between the crude oil feed and the catalyst, the hydrogen system occurred at a rate of 10.7 Nm3 / m3 (65 SCFB). Hydrogen generation during the contact period compared to the amount of hydrogen used in the conventional process, x may allow the use of less hydrogen in the process to improve the properties of the poor quality crude oil. The need for less hydrogen between contact potentials tends to reduce the cost of processing crude oil. In addition, the raw material; the contact system of the feedstock with the molybdenum / rhenium catalyst produces a crude oil product with low ^ alone: TA ... AN crude oil product produced by the catalyst. Hyun-like · ^ 18. The original angle Shu ° female lingering device

The catalyst formation sulfide method, the separation of each total product, the knife carving method, and the analysis of the parent crude oil product are the same as those described in Section 5. Unless otherwise stated, the volume ratio of 2 parts of silicon carbide to 1 part of the catalyst is mixed with 100% silicon. Each 107 200535228 reaction: The crude feed flow is from the top of the reactor to the bottom of the reactor. The stone reverse cutting system is arranged at the bottom of each reactor as a bottom carrier. Each reaction has a bottom contact area and a top contact area. After the catalyst / silicon carbide mixture is placed in the contact area of each reactor, the 'carbide stone series is arranged above the top contact area to fill the vacancies and serve as a preheating area for each reactor. Each reaction H system is equipped with an Undberg furnace 'which includes four heating zones corresponding to a preheating zone, two contact zones, and a bottom carrier. In each example, the vanadium catalyst is like Example 2 and used with an additional catalyst. In the same way, in the yoke example 15, the additional catalyst / silicon carbide mixture (45㈣3) is arranged in the bottom contact area. The additional catalyst is a molybdenum catalyst prepared by the method described in Example 3. . The vanadium catalyst / silicon carbide mixture (15㈣) is arranged in the top contact area. In Example 16, Beta and Beta, the additional catalyst / silicon carbide mixture cm〇 is arranged in the bottom contact area. The additional catalyst is borrowed. The molybdenum catalyst prepared by the method described in Example 3. The vanadium catalyst / silicon carbide mixture (30⑽3) is arranged in the top contact area. _ In Fang, Beizhi Example 17, additional catalyst / silicon carbide mixture (30 cm3) is disposed in the bottom contact area. The additional catalyst is the catalyst sharp catalyst / carbonized carbide mixture (30 cm3) prepared in Example 4 and is disposed in the top contact area. Example 'Pyrex® (Glass Works Corporation,

New York, U.S.A.) beads (30 cm3) are arranged in each contact zone. Crude oil (Santos Basin, Bra7i η 私 u &gt; raziU 仏) with properties of 108 200535228 which are summarized in Table 5 and shown in Table 5 and used in Example 15 to 18 is fed to the top of the reactor. Crude oil feed stream Pass the preheating zone, top contact zone, bottom contact zone and bottom carrier of the reactor. The crude oil feed is in the Wengluo-t + system, and each catalyst is connected in the presence of lice. The contact conditions of the mother embodiment are as follows : The ratio of hydrogen to the crude oil feed to the reaction cry is 16GNm3 / m3_Gsc ^ in the first 86 hours and 80 Nra3 / In3 (500 Scfb) in the remaining time limit, lhsv is! And pressure is 6. 9 MPa Π η 1/1 7 ·,. • ps 1). The contact zone was gradually heated to 343 t (65 ° F) over a period of time and maintained at as low as t to achieve a total operating time of 1 400 hours. These examples show additional contact between a crude oil feed and a fifth metal catalyst having a pore size distribution with a median pore size of 350 A in the presence of a hydrogen source, combined with a pore size distribution in the range of Γ L = .25 &quot; 300 A. The medium contact μ consists of the product 'which has an altered stomach compared to the same properties of the crude oil feed' and the other properties of the crude oil product are the same as the crude oil feed: there are two changes in quantity. In addition, a small amount of hydrogen uptake during the crude feed phase was observed during processing. Specifically, as shown in Table 5 and FIG. 17, Examples 15 to 20: to produce a TAN with a crude oil feed of * TAN of up to $ 15%. Example: Compared with the same properties of the crude oil product produced in 5-8, the total Ni / V / Fe content is 44%, and the maximum is 50%. 75% viscosity. In addition, the crude oil products produced in Examples 15 to: each have an API specific gravity of an API specific gravity of 100. <The crude oil is fed to the crude oil produced under non-catalytic conditions (Example 18). 109 200535228 The viscosity of the product and the crude oil feed # σ API specific gravity, compared with the specific gravity Product. From the perspective of increasing viscosity and decreasing milk specific gravity, it can be concluded that coking and / or polymerization of the crude oil feed has been initiated.

Example 1 The Q contact system and catalyst system are the same as those described in Example 6. The properties of the crude feed are shown in Table 6 in FIG. The contact conditions are as follows: the ratio of hydrogen to the crude oil feed to anti-C is _3 / claw 3 (^ 〇 叩 scfB), pressure

The force was 6.9 MPa (104.7 psi), and the temperature in the contact zone was 371 ° F (700F) to the total operating time. In Example 9, the lhsv during the contact period was increased from 1 h-1 to 12 h 'for 12 hours, and then the LHSV was increased to 20.7 h-i and maintained at 20.7 hours. ϊτ1 lower 48 1Γ1 lower 96 In Example 19, the crude oil products were analyzed to determine the TAN, viscosity, density, vg0 content, and 歹 ow content of 1, during the time period of LHSV of 12 h -1 and 20 · 7 ΐτ1. Heteroatom content and metals in the form of metal salts of organic acids contain $. The average values of the properties of the crude oil products are shown in Table 6 and Figure 18. As shown in Table 6, and FIG. 18, the crude oil product of Example 9 has a reduced TAN and a reduced viscosity compared to the TAN and viscosity of the crude oil feed, and the crude oil product has an API specific gravity of 104 to 110% of the crude oil. Feed API weight. The weight ratio of MCR s to cs asphaltene content is at least 丨 · 5. The sum of MCR content and C5 asphaltene content is less than the sum of MCR content and q asphaltene content of crude oil feed. From the weight ratio of the MCR content to the C5 asphaltene content and the reduction of the sum of the MCR content and the q asphaltenes, it can be inferred that the components that are asphaltenes rather than coke-forming tend to decrease. Crude products also have potassium, sodium, 110 200535228: the maximum metal content of the same metal in the crude oil feed is 60% of the total content of the crude oil. The sulfur content of the crude oil product is 80 to 90% of the sulfur content of the crude oil feed. the amount.彳, 彳 6, and 19 show that the contact conditions can be controlled so that the LHSV passing through the contact zone is greater than [0 h_] compared to a process with lhsv of 1 h, and crude oil products with similar properties are produced at 1. The ability to selectively change the properties of crude oil feeds at liquid space velocities greater than h allows the contact method to be carried out in containers that are smaller in size than commercially available containers. &amp; small container size

Treatment of inferior crude oil is performed at production sites with size restrictions, such as offshore equipment. ——Star material in each _ house contact Wen Tang's skills _. The κ contact system and catalyst system are the same as those described in Example 6. A crude oil feed having the properties listed in Table 7 of Figures 19 to 19 was added to the top of the reactor and contacted with two catalysts in two contact zones in the presence of gas to produce crude oil products. The two contact zones operate at different temperatures. The contact conditions of the top contact area are as follows: LHSV is i h-1;

The temperature of the contact zone is 26 ° ° c (500 卞); the ratio of hydrogen to crude oil feed is 160 NmW (1,000 SCFB); and the pressure is 6. 9 Mpa (ι〇ΐ4.7). The contact of the bottom contact zone The conditions are as follows: L {{sv is i h_], · the temperature in the bottom contact zone is 315 t, and the 和 of hydrogen and crude oil feed is 160 _Vm3 (100 SCFB); and the pressure is 6.9 Mpa (ι〇ΐ4 · 7 ^ 1). The total product leaves the bottom contact zone and is introduced into a gas-liquid separator. The gas-liquid :: separator 1 'separates the total product into crude oil products and gases. Crude oil products are regularly analyzed to determine TAN and Cs pitch The average value of the properties of crude oil products obtained during operation is shown in Table 7, 111 200535228 Figure 19. The crude oil feed has a TAN of 9.3 and &amp; asphaltene content is 0.055 grams per gram of crude oil feed. q Asphaltene. Crude oil products have an average TAN and cs asphaltene content of 0.000 grams of C: 5 asphaltenes per gram of crude oil products. The Cs asphaltene content of crude oil products is at most Η% C5 asphaltene content of crude oil feed. ', The total content of potassium and sodium in crude oil products is at most 53% The total metal content. The TAN of the crude product is at most 10% of the TAN of the crude feed. The p-value is maintained at 15 or higher during the contact. As shown in Examples 6 and 20, it has a lower than the second (here The first (in this example, the top) contact temperature at a contact temperature of 50 t in the example will tend to reduce the Cs asphaltene content of the crude oil product more than the c5 asphaltene content of the crude oil feed. In addition, The use of a controlled temperature difference will reduce the metal content of the organic acid metal salt form even more. For example, f, in each example, has a fairly constant stability of the crude oil feed / total product mixture (as determined by the p value) In this case, the total potassium and sodium content of the crude product of Shell Example 20 was reduced more than the total potassium and sodium content of the crude product of Example 6. The use of a lower temperature first contact zone allows removal of high molecular weight Compounds (such as Cs asphaltenes and / or organic acid metal salts) that have a tendency to form polymers and / or compounds that have soft and / or sticky physical properties (such as gums and / or tars). Remove these at low temperatures The compounds may allow such compounds to be removed before they clog and cover the catalyst: the life of the catalyst operated at higher temperatures by the second plus configuration behind the first contact zone. Column A-Contact in suspension form. 112 200535228 Block metal catalysts and / or catalysts for this application (0.001 to 5 g7 n n9.d + g or 0.02 to 4 g of catalyst per 1.00 g of crude oil feed) ) In some examples, crude oil can be used to enter the π needle, and its suspension is stained and reacted under the following conditions ... • In the range of 85 to 425 t (185 to 797 T), the M force is 0.5 Within the dry range of 10 to 10 centimeters, and the ratio of hydrogen source and crude oil feed is 16 to 1660, m and &lt; days. After a reaction time sufficient to produce the crude product, the crude product is separated using separation equipment such as filters and / or centrifuges, machines, and catalysts and / or residual crude feed. Crude product compared to crude feed

:: There is a change in the content of TAN, iron, iron, and / or plutonium, and a decrease in asphaltene content. 5

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that further modifications and substitutions of specific aspects of the invention will be apparent from the present description. Therefore, this specification is deemed to be illustrative and used to teach the skilled person to implement the method of the present invention. It should be understood that the evil system of the present invention shown and described herein is an example of a specific example. Can replace the elements and materials illustrated and summarized in this article, can reverse parts and procedures of the present invention, and can use some features of the invention alone. This is obvious. Changes may be made in the elements described herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as described in the appended patent claims. [Brief description of the drawing] Simple discussion of the 1st formula For those skilled in the art, the benefits and advantages will become obvious after referring to the drawings. The invention has the following details, which are obvious, among them: Description 113 200535228 Figure 1 is the contact system A simplified diagram of a specific example. Figures 2A and 2B are simplified diagrams of a specific example of a contact system including two contact areas. 3A and 3B are diagrams showing a specific example of a contact system including three contact areas. Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a specific example of a separation zone incorporating a contact system. Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a specific example of a blending zone of a contact system. Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a specific example of a combination separation zone, a contact system, and a blending zone. Fig. 7 is a list of representative properties of a crude oil feed and a crude oil product in a specific example of contacting the crude oil feed with three catalysts. ~ Figure 8 is a graphical representation of weighted average bed temperature versus operating time for a specific example of contacting a crude oil feed with one or more catalysts. Fig. 9 is a list of representative properties of a crude oil feed and a crude oil product in a specific example of contacting the crude oil feed with two catalysts. Fig. 10 is another list of representative properties of a crude oil feed and a crude oil product for a specific example of contacting a crude oil feed with two catalysts. Figure 11 is a list of crude oil feeds and crude oil products for specific examples of contacting the crude oil feed with four different catalyst systems. Figure 12 is a graphical representation of the P value of crude oil products versus operating time for a specific example of contacting a crude feed with four different catalyst systems. Figure 13 is a graphical representation of the net uptake of hydrogen from the crude oil feed versus operating time for a specific example of contacting the crude oil feed with four different catalyst systems. Fig. 14 is a specific example of contacting crude oil feed with four different catalyst systems. Longevity content vs. running time. Figure 15 is the specific example of contacting the crude oil feed with the API specific gravity and system of four different examples of crude oil products. Figure 16 is the crude oil feed. A concrete illustration of a dry horse D'media system contact. The oxygen content of the crude oil product versus the operating time is shown in Figure 17.

Feeding tray m "Specific examples of contacting crude oil feeds, a list of representative properties of crude oil products, indium catalysts and vanadium catalysts, the tray contains: the system contains various quantities and glass beads. / Vanadium Catalyst

Fig. 18 is a list of specific examples of contacting the original catalyst at various fluids A ♦ ® at night body working speed, ± ±, t t ^ Feixi species', / Feed /, crude oil product properties . Figure 19 is a list of properties of crude oil feeds and crude oil products for specific examples of contacting crude oil feeds at various contact temperatures.

-Although the present invention allows various modifications and alternative forms, specific examples thereof are represented by examples in the drawings. These illustrations may not be drawn to scale: it should be understood that their illustrations and detailed descriptions are not intended to limit the invention to the specific form of the invention, but, on the contrary, are intended to cover the scope of application J as attached All modifications, equivalents, and alternatives within the bounded spirit and scope. [Description of main component symbols] 100: contact system 102: contact area 115 200535228 104: conduit 106; conduit 106 ': conduit I 08: separation area II 0: conduit 112: conduit

114: contact zone 11 6: contact zone 118: conduit 1 2 0: separation zone 122: conduit 1 24: conduit 126: conduit 128: conduit 1 30: blending zone 132: conduit 134: conduit 136: weighted average bed temperature (WABT) curve of operating time 140-146: 148-154: 156-162: 164-170: 172-178: P value of crude oil product vs. operating time curve Net absorption of hydrogen vs. operating time curve of crude oil product Residue content vs. running time curve API specific gravity of crude oil product vs. running time curve Crude oil product oxygen content vs. running time curve, 116

Claims (1)

200535228 X. Scope of patent application: ^ ^ 戍, which includes: · in the presence of a wind source, the crude oil to produce a total product containing crude oil products, ^ contacted as a liquid mixture under the current position; and the crude product at 25 . "= Contact conditions in order to make the phase separation of the crude oil feed during the contact suppression contact. 2. The method according to the scope of the patent application] item 5 includes Periodic Table 5 5 〖η 4 recognition. Yixi catalyst R ^ Ί10 to one or more metals and / or one to more than 5 to 1. One or more compounds of metal. Chengxi seed brother 3 'as claimed in the scope of patent application item No.!, Which includes the sixth shelf of the periodic table One or more metals and / or one or more metals-or compounds. 彡 ㈣6block. The method according to the scope of the patent application 帛] in which one or more catalysts are vanadium, molybdenum, tungsten, or a mixture thereof. I 5. The method according to any one of claims 1-4 in the scope of patent application, wherein: to a catalyst having a median pore diameter of at least &amp; 60A, at least 4 90 A, at least 180 A, or at least 230 A's pore size distribution. 6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the catalyst has a total number of pores of at least 60% in the pore size distribution, among 45 A, 35 A, or 25 A Median pore diameter within the pore diameter. t, as in the method of any one of claims 1-6, wherein ^ green is gaseous, and the selected rate of hydrogen's net absorption is 1 to 80 per cubic meter of crude oil feed 117 200535228, 5 to 50, or 10 to 30 standard cubic meters of gaseous hydrogen source. 8 · The method of any one of items 1 to 7 of Shen Qing's patent scope, in which. Both the black crude oil feed and the crude oil product have a C5 asphaltene content and an MCR-C5 cyanide content of the crude oil feed and an MCR content of the crude oil feed, 彳 is S, the asphaltene content of the crude oil product and the mcr of the crude oil product The contained sum is S ′, and the contact conditions are controlled so that s is at most 90% of s, where the C5 cyanine content is determined by ASTM method D2007 and the MCR content is determined by ASTM method D4530. _ 9 The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the crude oil feed and the crude oil product both have a C5 asphaltene content and MCR s' and control the contact conditions so that the MCr of the crude oil product The weight ratio of the content to the C5 asphaltene content of the crude product is in the range of 12 to 20 or 13 to. 10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the crude oil feed has a total Ni / V / Fe content of at least 0.00002 grams per gram of crude oil feed, and the contact conditions are controlled so that The crude oil product has a Ni / v / Fe content of the crude feed with a total Ni / V / Fe content of mostly Li%, where the Ni / V / Fe content is determined by ASTM method D5708. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the crude oil product has a total Ni / V / Fe content of at most 50%, at most 10%, at most μ, or at most 3% of crude oil feed. Ni / V / Fe content, where ... / ”is determined by the content method by ASTM method D5708. 12 · As in the method of any one of claims 丨 to u, 118 11835228 The crude oil feed contains -or A plurality of organic acids-or a plurality of metal test salts, one or more organic acids-or a plurality of soil test metal salts, or mixtures thereof, the crude oil feed has at least 10,000 grams of organics per gram of crude oil feed Acid to the total content of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, and control the contact conditions so that the crude oil product has the form of alkali metal and alkaline earth metals in the form of metal salts of organic acids, and the maximum is 90% of the crude oil The content of alkali metal and alkaline earth metal in the form of organic acid metal salt in the feed, among which the content of alkali metal and alkaline earth metal in the form of metal salt of organic acid are determined by ASTM method D1318. 13. As the method of item 12 in the scope of application Where the crude product _… has organic The total content of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals in the form of metal salts is at most 50 / g or more than 5% of the content of alkali metals and earth metals in the form of organic acid metal salts in the crude oil feed. The method according to any one of items 1 to 13, wherein the crude oil product has a total acid value (TAN) of less than 0.3. 15. If the method according to any one of claims 1 to 14 of the patent application scope, its contact Crude feed / total product mixture is produced during this period, and the crude feed / total product mixture has a p-value of at least 15 during the contact period. The material is contacted in a contact zone located or connected to the offshore equipment. 1 I The method according to any one of claims J to 6 of the scope of the patent application, the method further comprising making the plutonium crude product the same or different from the crude feed The crude oil is combined to form a blend. 1 8. A crude oil product or blend, which can be obtained by any one of the methods of applying for patent scope 119 200535228 1 to 17. 1 9. Production and transportation Fuel, heating fuel, A method for oil or chemicals, which includes processing a crude oil product or blend of the scope of application for patent item 18. 20. A method for the scope of the patent scope of claim 19, wherein the processing includes blending the crude product or blend The compound is steamed to become one or more kinds of centipedes. 21. The method according to item 19 or 20 of the scope of patent application, wherein the processing includes hydrotreating. XI. Scheme Z See next page 120