TW200535225A - Systems, methods, and catalysts for producing a crude product - Google Patents

Abstract

Contact of a crude feed with one or more catalysts produces a total product that include a crude product. The crude product is a liquid mixture at 25 DEG C and 0.101 Mpa. One or more other properties of the crude product may be changed by at least 10% relative to the respective properties of the crude feed.

Description

200535225 IX. Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention belongs] (2) In February, the system, method and catalyst related to the processing of crude oil feedstocks were produced using such systems, methods and catalysts. The case of the peas and peas is related to the Litong used to convert crude oil feed into total products, crude oil products, ... two methods and catalysts, in which the total product contains disk "feed : It is a liquid mixture at 01 MPa and it has-or a variety of changed properties compared to the individual properties of the branch. 先前 [Prior art], Original: economical rotation, or the use of conventional equipment to process field crude oil is usually It is called "inferior crude oil." Libe crude oil may include the raw and natural ingredients of August ..., the knife of the total acid value ("TAN") of crude oil feed. Processing this: the supply of 3 shell crude oil during the rotation and / or during this alternative crude oil may host hostile rot in hostile crude oil #. Remove the bad points. Or the knife may involve the use of various inspections Chemically neutralizing acidic corrosion-resistant Heli, S #, ^ 5 and other equipment and / or processing equipment. Full corrosion resistance; | π & use, the use of existing equipment in the current equipment may not be ours Phase may involve dry Λ. Another way to inhibit corrosion is to transport and / or increase Disadvantages ^ To the inferior horses and horseshoe crude oil, add corrosion inhibitors to Libe crude oil. Use corrosion inhibitors and / or products made from crude oil to add crude oil. Equipment used for crude oil ^ spoon Negative effects. Α crude oil usually contains phase residues, and there will be a lot of residues in the field. Such large amounts of residues are difficult to turn with equipment. #K and / or processing and costly dumping 5 200535225 Inferior crude oil usually Contains organically bound heteroatoms (such as sulfur, oxygen lice). Organically bound heteroatoms affect a number of factors. Bu has a negative impact on the catalyst. "Pearl crude may contain a considerable amount of metal contaminants, such as nickel, nickel, zinc, And / or iron. During the processing of this type of crude oil, m, m ^ ^ dyes and / or metals, wood compounds may be deposited in the volume on the surface of the catalyst. Pore members and accumulations may lead to a decrease in catalyst activity. During the processing of inferior crude oil, coke may suddenly swell and cause formation and / or deposition. ^. Exposure to coke and carbon pollution Regeneration of catalytic activity The cost can be expensive. The high activity used during regeneration decreases and / or causes the catalyst to deteriorate. / This makes the catalyst potassium, which may contain a metal in the form of an organic acid metal salt (such as word, or sodium) The metal in the form of organic acid metal salt is known from the traditional formula y J 4 is typically unable to be separated from inferior crude oil by winter such as desalting and / or pickling. Δ There are metal problems in the form of metal salt of organic acid. Household registration / shrink ML ^ Bai Zhi method often encountered, A i / especially accumulated on the surface of the catalyst outside the organic acid metal 赜 π ~ near nickel and vanadium, there are, "in the shape of evil metal may be In the settling volume, η θ Λ is compensated in the pores among the catalyst particles, especially at the top of the catalyst bed. Decontamination M L This metal salt form of the eight genus of ice—contaminated wood, such as organic acid beds, increase in beauty and will actually block the riding contact ^ will cause the catalyst to pass through the metal 鴎 shape energy Dokou Yishu media bed. In addition, organic acids can cause rapid deactivation of catalysts by combining metal oxides with ions. Four crude oils may contain organic minus branchy milk compounds per gram of inferior m. Processing of crude oil with an oxygen content of 1 lb at least in preparation during the processing period M. · grams of oxygen of inferior crude oil processing facilities may encounter some gas compounds during processing 200535225 hot days ^ Higher oxides (such as ketones and / or i from alcohols and / or acids from ethers) may be formed which are difficult to remove from processed crudes and / or may corrode during processing / Contaminates equipment and causes clogging of delivery lines. Poor crude oil may contain unsaturated hydrocarbons. When processing unsaturated hydrocarbons, the average amount of hydrogen must usually be increased, especially if unsaturated fragments are produced by the cracking method. Hydrogenation during processing, which typically involves the use of active hydrogenation catalysts, may require suppression of unsaturated fragments to form coke. Hydrogen is expensive to produce and / or expensive to transfer to processing equipment. Poor crude oils also tend to exhibit uncertainty during processing with conventional equipment. Crude instability has a tendency to cause component phase separation and / or generation of undesirable by-products (such as hydrogen sulfide, water, and carbon dioxide) during processing. Conventional methods often lack the ability to change selected properties of inferior crudes without significantly altering other properties of inferior crudes. For example, conventional methods often lack the ability to significantly reduce the TAN in inferior crude oil while only changing the content of certain components (such as sulfur or metal contaminants) in inferior crude oil by the desired amount. Several methods to improve the quality of crude oil include adding a diluent to the poor crude oil to reduce the weight percentage of the components that cause adverse properties. However, the addition of diluents often increases the cost of processing inferior crudes due to the cost of the diluents and / or the increased cost of processing inferior crudes. Addition of diluents to inferior crude oils may reduce the stability of such crude oils under several circumstances. U.S. Patent No. 6,547,957 to Sudhakar et al .; issued to 200535225

Mep et al. 6,277,269; M63 266 to Ru Liu et al., 5,928 502 to Bearden et al. 5 ^, 914,030, ^^ Trachte 5,897,769 to ^ Trachte 5,871,636 ', and 5,851 38m awarded to Tanaka et al. Describe various methods, systems, and catalysts for processing crude oil. However, the methods, systems, and catalysts described in these patents have limited applicability due to many of the technical issues raised above. In the meantime, inferior crude oils usually have non-ideal properties (for example, a tendency to become unstable during relatively high Ding'an process, and / or a tendency to consume considerable hydrogen during processing). Other non-ideal properties include considerable amounts of non-ideal ingredients (e.g. residues, organically bound heteroatoms, metal contaminants, metals ' and / or organic oxygen compounds in the form of metal salts of organic acids). Such properties are intended to cause problems with conventional conveying and / or processing equipment, including increased corrosion during processing, reduced catalyst life, process blockage, and / or increased use. Therefore, Pan ^, 1, M π, ^: The conversion of female shellfish crude oil into more ideal properties: improved systems, methods' and / or catalysts for oil products still have significant economic and technical needs. There are also significant economic and technical needs for systems and methods that can change the quality of inferior crudes and selectively change other properties of inferior crude oils, and: [Summary of the Invention] Product tt: Generally, it is related to the system used to convert crude oil feed to the total product containing crude oil and non-condensable gas in the concrete example. The present invention is also generally related to ... Such compositions can be obtained using the system and 200535225 method described herein. The present invention provides a method for producing a crude oil product, comprising: contacting a crude oil feed with one or more catalysts to produce a total product containing a crude oil product, wherein the crude oil product is a liquid mixture at 251 and 0.101 MPa, and the crude oil is The feed has a TAN of at least 0.3, the at least one catalyst has a pore size distribution with a median pore size ranging from 90 to 180 people, and at least 60% of the total pore size in the pore size distribution has between 45 and The pore size in the median pore size range, where the pore size distribution is determined by ASTM method D4282; and the contact conditions are controlled so that the crude oil product has a TAN of the crude oil feed with a TAN of up to 90%, where TAN is determined by ASTM method D664 determination. The present invention also provides a method for producing a crude oil product, which includes contacting a crude oil feeder or a catalyst to produce a total product containing a crude oil product, wherein the crude oil product is at 25 ° C and 0.11 MPa It is a liquid mixture. The crude oil feed has a TAN of at least 0-3. The at least one catalyst has a pore size distribution with a median pore size of at least 90 A. It is determined by ASTM method D4282. Based on the weight of molybdenum, it contains 0.001 to 0 grams of platinum, one or more key compounds, and mixtures thereof; and the contact conditions are controlled so that the crude oil product has a TAN of 90% of the crude feed. TAN 'where TAN is determined by ASTM method D664. The present invention also provides a method for producing a crude oil product, comprising: contacting a crude oil feed with one or more catalysts to produce a total product Y,, and containing a crude oil product. The Hai crude product is a liquid mixture at 25 C and 0.1 01 MPa. The crude feed has a tan of at least 0.3, as determined by ASTM D664. At least one catalyst has a pore size distribution with a median pore size of at least 180 people. 200535225 It is determined by ASTM method D4282. The catalyst has one or more metals including column 6 of the periodic table, column 6 of the periodic table. Pore size distribution of one or more metals and multiple compounds or mixtures thereof; and control of contact conditions: The crude oil product is allowed to have a tan of the crude oil feed with a TAN of up to 90%, where TAN is determined by ASTM method D664 . ,

The present invention also provides a method for producing a crude oil product, comprising: contacting a crude oil feed with one or more catalysts to produce a total product containing the crude oil product: wherein the crude oil product is a liquid mixture at 25t and 0.11 Mpa The crude oil feed has a TAN of at least 0.3, which is determined by the astm method

The 'at least-catalyst contains: one or more of the five genera, one or more of the five genera, one or more metals of column 6 of the periodic table, or mixtures thereof; & 〇One or more metals, column 10 of the table-or one or more compounds of multiple metals, or a mixture thereof. The Molar ratio of the total of the 10th metal and the total of the 6th metal is in the range of 1 to 10; and the contact conditions are controlled so that the crude product has a TAN of 90% of the crude feed. Tan, where Ding a was determined by astm method D664. This description also provides a method for producing crude oil products, including: contacting a crude oil feed with one or more catalysts to produce a total product containing crude oil products, and the crude oil product of Huanghai is a liquid mixture at 25t and G1G1 MPa, The: The oil feed has a TAN of at least 0 3. The one or more catalysts include: ⑷ first catalyst, which is contained in the first catalyst per gram, based on the weight of the metal, containing: 0.06 grams of one or more metals in the sixth table of the Periodic Table, one or more compounds of one or more metals in the sixth table, or a mixture thereof 10 200535225 Substance '· and (b) a second catalyst, the second In the second catalyst per gram, the catalyst contains at least 0.02 grams of one or more metals in the Periodic Table, and one or more metals in the Periodic Table, or compounds, based on the weight of the metal. 'Or a mixture thereof; and controlling contact conditions so that the crude oil product has TAN of the crude oil feed with a TAN of 90% at most, wherein ταν is determined by ASTM method D664. The present invention also provides a catalyst composition, pot ^ Eight include · (a) Block 5 of the periodic table-or more metals, periodic table One or more compounds of one or more metals in column 5 or a mixture thereof; (Battle body, which has a Θ alumina content of at least 0 "grams of tritium oxide in the parent gram carrier, which is measured by X-ray diffraction, where The catalyst has a median pore diameter 芏 / 23oA pore size distribution, and its hunting is determined by ASTM method D4282. The present invention also provides a catalyst composition, which includes: (a) column 6 of the periodic table One or more metals, the cycle "people 4 block-or more metal-or compounds" or mixtures of them (there is a per-poem) carrier, which has a θ oxide content of at least 0 1 gram of θ4 definite 1 + #Aluminium fine lice, which is measured by X-ray diffraction, where the catalyst has a pore size distribution with a median porosity 彳 A of 23 Å, and its hunting by ASTM Determination by method D4282. The present invention also provides a catalyst composition 铷, which makes a palm tree, including ... 包括 one or more of the fifth metal of the periodic table or the fifth metal of the periodic table belongs to a variety of compounds, the periodic table No. 6, or m ^^ 1 or eve metals, No. 6 of the periodic table: of = metals = multiple compounds, Its mixture; ⑻zai Shao, ^ "Hua Ming contains at least 0.1 grams of θ oxidation per gram of carrier '..., measured by X-ray diffraction; wherein the catalyst has a median pore diameter to 200535225 v 230A Hole; | knife cloth, which was measured by aSTM method D4282. The present invention also provides a method of Mr. Sheng Yancheng, a catalyst, comprising: combining a carrier with one or / metals to form a carrier / metal mixture, wherein the carrier contains tritium oxide in Lu, and one or Variety + House 4 J + genus 1 genus includes one or more metals in column 5 of the periodic table, or one or more compounds of the multiple metals, or mixtures thereof; at least 4nnv > nv 40〇c The heat treatment of the θ alumina carrier at a temperature of 4 ° C and the formation of a catalyst, wherein the catalyst has a pore size distribution with a median pore size of at least 230A, is determined by A3τM * 〇4282. The invention also provides a method for producing a catalyst, comprising: combining a support with one or more metals to form a support / metal mixture, wherein the support comprises theta alumina 'and the one or more metals include one or Multi-metal 'Periodic Table 6-or more metals-or multiple compounds, or mixtures thereof; heat-treated theta alumina support / metal mixture at a & degree of at least 40η ° ρ λα + 0 ° C; and A catalyst is formed. The catalyst in # has a pore size distribution with a median pore size of at least 23A, which is measured by ASTM method D4282. The present invention also provides a method for producing a crude oil product, comprising: contacting a crude oil feed with-or a plurality of catalysts to produce a total product containing a crude oil product, wherein the crude oil product is a liquid compound at 25 t and Mpa, and the crude oil The feed has at least 0 ... AN, the at least one catalyst has a pore size distribution with a median = diameter of at least 180A, which is determined by the Ba Denghe method ^ by ^, and the catalyst has 6 or more metals' periodic table 帛 6-or more metals-or compounds, or the pore size distribution of their compounds; and control the contact conditions so that the crude oil product has a maximum TAN of 90% of the crude oil. The TAN of the material, where ταν 12 200535225 is determined by the AS DM method D 6 6 4. This narrative also provides a method for producing a crude oil product, which includes ... contacting a crude oil feed with one or more catalysts in the presence of a hydrogen source to produce a total product containing a crude oil product, wherein the crude oil product is at 25 ° C and 〇. 丨 〇i Mpa is a liquid mixture, the crude feed has a TAN of at least 0, the crude feed has an oxygen content of at least 0 0001 grams of oxygen per gram of crude feed, the at least one catalyst has A pore size distribution with a median pore size of at least 90A, which is measured by ASTM method D4282, and the contact conditions are controlled to reduce the TAN so that the crude oil product has an M of the crude oil feed with a TAN of up to 90%. The content of organic oxygen compounds is such that the crude oil product has the oxygen content of the crude oil feed with an oxygen content of at most 90%, where ταν is determined by ASTM method D664 and the oxygen content is measured by astem method. The present invention also provides a method for producing a crude product, comprising: contacting a crude feed with one or more catalysts to produce a total product containing a crude product, wherein the crude product is at 25. (: And Ⅱ M pa is a liquid mixture, the crude oil feed has a TAN of at least 〇 丨, to ^ a catalyst in the mother gram touches a certain 'based on the weight of the metal, containing at least ^ 0 · 001 One or more metals in column six of the periodic table 'one or more of one or more metals in the periodic table' or a mixture thereof; and controlling the contact conditions so that the space velocity of the liquid limb in the contact area exceeds 丨 0h ·〗,and

Make the 5 Hai crude oil product Ding AN

TA method D664 was taken at 90% of the crude oil feed. The TAN is wrong. The present invention also provides a method for producing crude oil products ^ _ not included in the production source, the crude oil feed is contacted with one or more contacts ^ Xi Li Yue Shu media to produce products containing crude oil 13 200535225 The total product of the crude oil product is a liquid mixture under the control of the crude oil. The crude oil feed has at least 001 @ tan, and the crude oil feed has a sulfur content of at least 0 per gram of crude oil feed. Gram of sulfur, the at least one catalyst comprising one or more metals in column 6 of the periodic table, one or more compounds of column 6 or more in the periodic table, or a mixture thereof; and controlling contact conditions so that the The crude oil feed absorbs molecular hydrogen at a selected rate during the contact period to suppress the phase separation of the crude oil feed during the contact period, so that the liquid space velocity of the one or more contact zones is super fast, so that the crude oil product has a TAN of at most 90% of the tan of the crude oil feed and the crude product has a sulfur content of 70 to 13% of the crude oil feed, where TAN is determined by ASTM method D664 and the sulfur content It is measured by ASTM method D4294. The invention also provides a method of producing a crude oil product, comprising: 'contacting a crude oil feed with one or more catalysts in the presence of a gaseous lice source to produce a total product containing a crude oil product, wherein the crude oil product is 25 μιτι and 〇1〇 Others are liquid mixtures; and controlling the contact conditions so that the crude oil feed absorbs hydrogen at a selected rate during the contact to suppress phase separation of the crude feed during the contact. The present invention also provides a method for producing a crude product, which Including ... contacting a crude oil feed with hydrogen in the presence of a variety of catalysts to produce a total product containing crude oil products, wherein the crude oil products are at 25 ° C and 001 ° today, broad shoulders 7> night evil The mixture; and controlling the contact conditions so that the crude oil feed is contacted with hydrogen under the first gas absorption conditions, and then under the first hydrogen absorption conditions, the first-^^ extraction conditions are different from the second hydrogen absorption conditions, and the first Monohydrogen absorption conditions = Net absorption of hydrogen 14 200535225 to prevent p-values of raw and oil feeds / total products' mixture, below, the-or multiple properties of the crude oil product are different from the crude oil feed 2 There is a maximum of 90% change in the quality of the crude oil. Or the species τ Ben Maoming also provides a method of producing crude oil products, which includes: contacting the crude oil feed with one or more catalysts at a temperature, and then It is contacted under the conditions to produce a total output containing crude oil products, which is a liquid mixture at G.C and G.1 G1 MPa. The crude oil feed has a viscosity of up to V 0.3 and the control conditions of the contact are such that Four free: o A. Is the invasion rate / at least lower than

The contacting degree 30c makes the crude oil product have a TAN of up to 90% compared to the TAN of the crude oil feed, of which TAN # ~ is determined by law. ^ 中 _ 系 错 by astm The present invention also provides a method for producing a crude oil product, which comprises contacting a crude oil feed with-or a plurality of catalysts to produce a total product containing a crude oil product, wherein the crude oil product is at 25 t and 0.1 〇1 Mpa is a liquid mixture. This crude oil feed has at least 0.3 @ TAN, this crude oil feed has a sulfur content: the mother gram crude oil feed has at least a gram of sulfur, the at least one catalyst contains the periodic table brother 6 One or more metals, one or more of the metals in the Periodic Table of the Periodic Table or compounds or mixtures thereof; and control of the contact conditions so that the crude oil product has a maximum TAN of & 90% of the crude oil feed TAN, and the crude product having a sulfur content of 70 to 70% of the crude feed, wherein TAN is measured by ASTM D664, and sulfur content is measured by ASTM method D4294. The present invention also provides A method for producing a crude oil product, comprising: contacting a crude oil feed with-or a plurality of catalysts to produce a total product containing the crude oil product, 15 200535225 wherein the crude oil product is a liquid mixture at 25 ° C and 0.101 MPa, the crude oil feed Expected TAN of 0 · 1, the crude oil feed has a residue content of at least 0.00 g of residue per gram of crude oil feed, the at least one catalyst pack 3 or 6 of the periodic table of the metal, the cycle Table 6 lists one or more compounds of one or more metals, or a mixture thereof; and controlling the contact conditions so that the crude oil product has a TAN with a TAN of up to 90% of the crude feed, so that the crude product has residues The residue content of the crude oil feed with a content of up to 13%, where TAN is determined by the ASTM method MM and the residue content is determined by the ASTM method D5307. Lu, the present invention also provides a method for producing crude oil products, It includes contacting a crude oil feed with one or more catalysts to produce a total product containing a crude oil product, wherein the crude oil product is a liquid mixture under the conditions of 0.1 and (1), and the j oil feed has at least 〇1 of TAN, the crude oil feed has vg〇 containing at least 0 ″ grams of VG per gram crude oil feed, the at least one catalyst, including the sixth block of the periodic table-or more metals, column 6 of the periodic table One or more compounds of the genus, or a mixture thereof And control the contact conditions so that the crude oil product has a TAN of at most 9G% of the crude oil feed, and the crude oil product has a VGO content of 70 to 13% of the VGO content of the crude oil feed, The VG0 content is determined by the D5 milk. The present invention also provides a method for producing a crude oil product, which comprises: contacting a crude oil feedstock with-or a plurality of catalysts to produce a total product containing the crude oil product; Liquid mixture, the crude oil feed has at least 0.3 # TAN, the at least one catalyst can make the carrier and the sixth table of the periodic table-or more metals, the periodic table I / one or more of the metal-or more by '16 200535225 A compound, or a mixture thereof, to form a catalyst precursor; heating the catalyst precursor at a low temperature of 500 C in the presence of one or more sulfur-containing compounds to form a catalyst; and controlling contact conditions so that the Crude products that have a maximum of TAN as a gift. The TAN of the crude oil feed. The invention also provides a method for producing a crude oil product, comprising: contacting a crude oil feed with-or a plurality of catalysts to produce a total product containing a crude oil product, wherein the crude oil product is a liquid mixture at 25 t and 0.101 MPa Has a viscosity of at least 10 cst under 37 Qing Qing), the crude oil feed has an API specific gravity of at least 80, the at least one catalyst contains one or more metals in Block 6 of the Periodic Table, one in column 6 of the Periodic Table, or Multiple metals or compounds, or mixtures thereof; and controlling the contact conditions so that the crude oil product has a viscosity at 纟 37_rc of at most 90% of the viscosity of the crude feed at 37%, and the crude product has The rejection specific gravity of the crude oil feed having an Aρ of $ 70 to 130%, wherein the simple specific gravity is determined by ASTM method D6822 and the viscosity is measured by ASTM method D2669. The present invention also provides a method for producing a crude oil product, comprising: contacting a crude oil feed with one or more catalysts to produce a total product containing a crude oil product, wherein the crude oil product is a liquid mixture at 25 ° C and 0.101 MPa, The crude oil feed has at least butyl AN, the one or more catalysts include: two or more catalysts containing vanadium, one or more vanadium compounds, or a mixture thereof; and an additional catalyst, wherein the additional catalyst One or more compounds containing one or more sixth metal, 17 200535225 one or more compounds of one or more sixth metal, or a combination thereof; and controlling contact conditions so that the crude oil product has a TAN of up to 90% of the TAN of the crude oil feed 'Where Ding AN was measured by aSTM method d664. The present invention also provides a method for producing a crude oil product, comprising: contacting a crude oil feed with one or more catalysts to produce a total product containing a crude oil product, wherein the crude oil product is a liquid mixture at 25 t and 0.11 Mpa The crude oil feed has a TAN of at least 0.1; hydrogen is generated during the contact; and the contact conditions are controlled so that the crude product has a TAN of the crude oil feed with a TAN of up to 90%, wherein the TAN is by the ASTM method D664 determination. The present invention also provides a method for producing a crude oil product, which comprises: contacting a crude oil feed with one or more catalysts to produce a total product containing a crude oil product, wherein the crude oil product is at 25t and 0.11 MPa at A liquid mixture, the oil feed having at least Q1 # TAN, the at least one catalyst containing hunger, or a plurality of vanadium compounds, or a mixture thereof; and controlling the contact conditions so that the contact shirt is at least 20 (rc 'makes the The crude oil product has a TAN of the crude oil feed with tan being at most, where TAN is determined by the octane method D664. The present invention also provides a method for producing a crude oil product, comprising: contacting the crude oil feed with-or more Medium contact to produce crude oil containing 25t,, 〇1 = > from the feed has at least Q1 # TAN, the at least one catalyst contains hunger, or more vanadium compounds, or a mixture thereof; supply of hydrogen containing Milk source, the gas stream is supplied in the opposite direction of the crude oil feed flow; and the contact conditions are controlled so that the crude product has a TAN of 90% of the TAN of the 18 200535225 crude oil feed, where TAN is by ASTM Determination of D664. The present invention also provides a method for producing a crude oil product, comprising: contacting a crude oil feed with one or more catalysts to produce a total product containing a crude oil product, wherein the crude oil product is a liquid mixture at 25t: and 0.101 MPa The crude oil feed has a total NW / Fe content of at least 0.2 g per gram of crude oil feed, the at least one catalyst contains rhenium, —or multiple hungry compounds, or a mixture thereof. The pore size distribution is at least i80A; and the contact conditions are controlled so that the crude oil product has a total

The Ni / V / Fe content of the crude oil feed with a Nl / V / Fe content of up to 90%, where the Ni / V / Fe content is determined by ASTM method D57708. The present invention also provides a method for producing a crude oil product, comprising: contacting a crude oil feed with-or a plurality of catalysts to produce a total product containing a crude oil product, wherein the crude oil product is purchased as a liquid mixture under the purchase of G1G1, the at least -A catalyst comprising vanadium,-or more vanadium compounds, or a mixture thereof, the crude oil feed comprising-or one or more alkali metal salts of one or more organic acids, one or more alkaline earth metal salts of one or more organic acids, or Mixture, the crude oil feed has in the mother gram crude oil feed to > the total metal content and metal content of the organic acid gold; please control the contact conditions so that the Haihai crude product Q ».. The total content of alkali metal and alkaline earth in the form of organic acid metal salt is at most Q〇〇 / — # to '〇 / °。 Fe metal and alkaline earth in the form of organic acid metal salt in the crude oil feed are all 4+ 丄Alas, Mons, where organic acid metal salt and soil metal content are based on AST ^ D1318_. This month also provides a method for producing crude oil products. Feeds are contacted with one or more palladium, eight daggers. The crude oil catalyst is contacted to produce a total product containing crude oil products, 19 200535225 where the crude oil products are at 25 ° C. And a liquid mixture at 0.001 MPa, the raw feedstock or one or more metal test salts of organic acids, one or more alkaline earth metal salts of one or more organic acids, or a mixture thereof, the crude oil feed Each gram of crude oil feed has a total alkali metal and alkaline earth metal content of at least 0.00001 grams of an organic acid metal salt, and at least one catalyst has a median pore size of pores ranging from 90 A to 180 A In the pore size distribution, up to 60% of the total number of pores has a pore size in the median pore size range of 45 people, wherein the pore size distribution is determined by ASTM method D4282; and the contact with iW pieces is made so that the 5 Hai crude oil product is organic. Organic acid gold in the form of acid metal salt with a total content of up to 90% of the organic acid gold of the crude oil feed: content of alkali metal and alkaline earth metal in salt form, alkali metal and alkaline earth in organic acid metal salt form Metal content measured by ASTM method based 〇1318. The present invention also provides a method for producing a crude oil product, which comprises: contacting a crude oil feed with a plurality of A catalysts to produce a total product containing a crude oil product, wherein the crude oil product is a liquid mixture at 2nd generation and 0 · ⑻Mpa, and the crude oil The feed has a total Ni / V / Fe content of at least 0.00002 grams per gram of crude oil feed, and the at least one catalyst has a pore size distribution with a median pore size in the range of a to 180A. Medium to 彡 60% of the total number of pores has a pore size in the 45 A median pore size range, where the pore size distribution is measured by M method D4282 and the contact conditions are controlled so that the crude oil product has a total Nl / V / The Ni / V / Fe content of the Ni / V / & 3 li of the crude oil feed with a Fe content of up to 90% was determined by the ASTM method. The present invention also provides a method for producing a crude oil product, comprising: contacting a crude oil feed with-or a plurality of catalysts to produce a total product containing a crude oil product, 20 200535225 wherein the crude oil product is a liquid mixture at 25 ° C and 0.101 MPa The crude oil feed has a total alkali metal and alkaline earth metal content in the form of an organic acid metal salt per gram of crude oil feed. The at least one catalyst has a pore size distribution with a median pore size of at least 180A. Measured by ASTM method D4282, the catalyst has a pore size distribution containing one or more metals of column 6 of the periodic table, one or more compounds of one or more metals of the periodic table 6, or a mixture thereof; and control Contact conditions so that the crude oil product has a total content of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals in the form of organic acid metal salts of up to 90%. The alkali metal and alkaline earth metals in the form of organic acid metal salts in the crude oil feed contain $, of which the organic acid metal The content of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals in salt form was measured by ASTM method D1 3 1 8. The present invention also provides a method for producing a crude oil product, comprising: contacting a crude oil feed with-or a plurality of catalysts to produce a total product containing a crude oil product, wherein the crude oil product is liquid at 25 ° C and 0. MPa A crude oil feed comprising one or more alkali metal salts of one or more organic acids, one or more alkaline earth metal salts of one or more organic acids, or a mixture thereof, the crude oil feed having at least one gram of crude oil feed The total content of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals in the form of a metal salt of an organic acid, the at least one catalyst has a pore size distribution with a median pore size of at least 230A, which is determined by § 7 ^ method d ^ 82 The catalyst has a pore size distribution including one or more metals in column 6 of the periodic table, one or more compounds of one or more metals in column 6 of the periodic table, or a mixture thereof, and controlling the contact conditions so that the crude oil product The total content of alkali metal and alkaline earth metal with organic acid metal salt form is up to / 90%. The alkali metal and alkaline earth metal in the form of organic acid metal salt in the crude oil feed contains 200535225, of which organic acid gold The metal and soil metal contents in the salt form are determined by ASTM method D1318. The present invention also provides a method for producing a crude oil product, comprising: contacting a crude oil feed with-or a plurality of catalysts to produce a total product containing a crude oil product, wherein the crude oil product is a liquid mixture at 25t and 0, MPa, and the crude oil The feed has a total Nl / V / Fe content of at least 0.002 g of Lin / Fe per gram of crude oil feed. The at least one catalyst has a pore size distribution with a median pore size of at least 230 people. As determined by ASTM method m282, the catalyst has one or more metals containing the sixth block of the periodic table, or-or more metals-or more compounds of the sixth table, "the pore size of its mixture = and technical contact parts In order to make the crude product have a total Ni / V / Fe content of up to 90% of the Ni / V / Fe content of the crude feed, the weight / content is determined by ASTM method D5708. Hachimoto Denmei also provides a method for producing crude oil products, which includes: contacting a crude oil feed with-or a plurality of catalysts to produce a total product containing crude oil products, and "Zhong" hai crude oil products at 25 ... and 0101 Mpa is a liquid mixture, the: the oil feed contains-or more organic acids-or more alkali metal salts, one or more kinds of organic metal or more earth test metal salts, or mixtures thereof, the crude oil; The crude oil feed has a total alkali metal and alkaline earth metal content in the form of organic acid metal salts of at least 0, ⑽ and i. One catalyst has a pore size distribution of up to 90A, which is determined by ASTM Method D4282 "疋" catalyst in each gram of catalyst, based on the weight of molybdenum, has a total of 1 to 0.3 grams of molybdenum, one or more molybdenum compounds, or a mixture thereof, and a masonry system Contact conditions so that the crude oil product has organic acid metal 22 200535225 salt-shaped oxalic alkali metal and alkaline earth metal content of up to 90% of the alkali metal and alkaline earth metal content of the organic acid metal salt form in the crude oil feed, of which the organic acid Alkali and alkaline earth gold in the form of metal salts The genus content was measured by ASTM method D 1 3 1 8. The invention also provides a method for producing a crude product, comprising: contacting a crude feed with one or more catalysts to produce a total product containing a crude product, wherein the crude product is a liquid mixture at 25 ° C and 0.101 MPa, the The crude feed has a TAN of at least 0.3 and the crude feed has a total Ni / V / Fe content of at least 0.00002 grams per gram of crude feed, the at least one catalyst has a pore size distribution with a median pore size of at least It is determined by ASTM method D4282. The catalyst has a total molybdenum content of 0.0001 g to 0.3 g of molybdenum, one or more molybdenum compounds, or a mixture thereof, based on the weight of molybdenum per gram of catalyst. And control the contact conditions so that the crude oil product has a TAN of tan of 90% of the crude oil feed and the crude oil product has a total Ni / V / Fe content of 90 ° / 0 Ni / V / Fe content, where Ni / V / Fe content is determined by ASTM method d5708, and TAN is It determined by ASTM method D664. The present invention also provides a method for producing a crude oil product, comprising: contacting a crude oil feed with one or more catalysts to produce a total product containing a crude oil product, wherein the crude oil product is at 25 ° C and 0 · ΐ〇ΐMPa Liquid mixture, the crude oil feed comprising one or more alkali metal salts of one or more organic acids, one or more alkaline earth metal salts of one or more organic acids, or a mixture thereof, the crude oil feed having Total content of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals in the form of at least 0.001 million grams of organic acid metal salts, the at least one catalyst package 23 200535225 containing (a) one or more metals in column 6 of the periodic table, 6 one or more compounds of one or more metals, or mixtures thereof; and)) one or more metals of block 10 of the periodic table, one or more of blocks 10 of the periodic table = one or more compounds of metals, Or a mixture thereof, in which 帛 1〇: the molar ratio of the total amount to the total amount of the 6th metal! Within the range of 1 to 10; and controlling the contact conditions so that the crude oil product has a total content of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals in the form of organic acid metal salts of up to 90% of the alkali metals in the form of organic acid metal salts in the crude oil feed and Alkaline earth metal content, of which organic acid metal

The content of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals in salt form is determined by ASTM method DUU. The present invention also provides a method for producing a crude oil product, comprising: contacting a crude oil feed with one or more catalysts to produce a total product containing a crude oil product, wherein the crude oil product is a liquid mixture at 25 ° C and 0.101 MPa The crude feed has a total Ni / V / Fe content of at least 0.00002 grams of Nl / V / Fe 'per gram of crude feed. The at least one catalyst comprises: (a) one or more of the sixth block of the periodic table. Metal, one or more metals of the Periodic Table-one or more compounds, or mixtures thereof; A 拦 metal of the Periodic Table of 10 or more metals, one or more of one or more metals of the Periodic Table A compound, or a mixture thereof, in which the molar ratio of the total amount of the 10th metal to the total amount of the 6th metal is in the range of 丨 to 10; and the contact conditions are controlled so that the crude oil product has the largest total N1 / V / Fe content The N / V / Fe content of the crude oil feed was 90%, where the Ni / V / Fe content was determined by the astm method D5708. The present invention also provides a method for producing a crude oil product, comprising: contacting a crude oil 24 200535225 feed with one or more catalysts to produce a total product having a crude oil product, wherein the crude oil product is at 25 ° C and 〇1Π1 • 01 MPa The following is a liquid mixture. The crude oil feed contains one or more organic αα or one or more alkali metal salts, one or more organic acids, one or more alkaline earth all-to-general salts, or a mixture thereof.

The alkali metal and alkaline earth metal in the form of organic acid metal salt of 5 / 丨, Λ A, 0,00001 gram in the crude oil feed per gram of crude oil are absolutely uncommon. The medium contains: (a) the first catalyst, the first spear catalyst in the first catalyst per gram, based on the weight of the metal, containing 0.001 to 0.06 g of the periodic table Stop

One or more metals, one of the sixth block of the periodic table 弋 夕 # 人 β h m ^ or one or more compounds of a plurality of metals ’or a mixture thereof; and 、 — () a catalyst, the second catalyst

In the second catalyst per gram, 'based on the weight of the metal, contains at least 002 grams of the sixth table of the periodic table-or more metals' of the sixth table of the periodic table-or more metals-or more compounds, or Mixture; and controlling the contact conditions so that the crude oil product has a total alkali metal and alkaline earth metal content in the form of organic acid metal salts of up to 90% of the alkali metal and alkaline earth metal content in the form of organic acid metal salts in the crude oil feed, of which organic The content of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals in the form of acid metal salts is determined by ASTM method D1318. The present invention also provides a method for producing a crude oil product, comprising: contacting a crude oil feed with one or more catalysts to produce a total product containing a crude oil product, wherein the crude oil product is a liquid mixture at 25t and 0.101 MPa, and the crude oil is The feed comprises one or more alkali metal salts of one or more organic acids, one or more alkaline earth metal salts of one or more organic acids, or a mixture thereof, and the crude oil feed has at least 0.000 per gram of crude oil feed. 〇1g of total alkali metal and alkaline earth metal content in the form of a metal salt of an organic acid, the at least one catalyst in every 25 200535225 grams of the catalyst, based on the weight of the metal, contains at least 0.001 grams of column 6 of the periodic table-or more metals , One or more compounds of one or more metals of the Periodic Table 'or a mixture thereof; and controlling the contact conditions so that the liquid space velocity in the contact zone exceeds 1 Glrl, and the crude oil product has the form of an organic acid metal salt Total metal and soil metal content is up to 90% = organic acid metal salt in the form of alkali metal and alkaline earth metal in the crude oil feed The alkali metal and alkaline earth metal contents are measured by ASTM method D1318.

The present invention also provides a method for producing a crude oil product, comprising: contacting a crude oil feed with one or more catalysts to produce a total product containing a crude oil product, wherein the crude oil product is a liquid mixture at G1G1 MPaT and the crude oil is fed It is expected to have a total Ni / V / Fe content of at least 20000 grams per gram of crude oil feed. The at least one catalyst contains at least 0.001 grams per gram of catalyst based on the weight of the metal. One or more metals of one or more compounds, one or more compounds of one or more metals of one or more of the periodic table, or a mixture thereof; and controlling the contact conditions so that the liquid space velocity in the contact zone exceeds k 1 0 h and the crude oil The product has a Nl / V / Fe content of the crude oil feed with a total Ni / V / Fe content of up to 90%, where the Ni / V / Fe content is determined by ASTM method D5708. The invention also provides a method for producing a crude oil product, which comprises: contacting a crude oil feed with one or more catalysts to produce a total product containing a crude oil product, wherein the crude oil product is a liquid mixture at 251 and 0.101 MPa, The crude oil feed has an oxygen content of at least 0.000 g (g of oxygen and a sulfur content of at least 0.0001 g of sulfur per gram of crude feed), and the at least one catalyst contains week 26 200535225 Table 苐 6 One or more metals, one or more compounds of one or more metals of the Periodic Table 6, or a mixture thereof; and controlling the contact conditions so that the crude oil product has the crude oil feed having an oxygen content of up to 90% And the crude product has a sulfur content of 70 to 130% of the crude feed, wherein the oxygen content is determined by ASTM method E385, and the sulfur content is determined by ASTM method D4294 determination.

The invention also provides a method for producing a crude oil product, comprising: contacting a crude oil feed with one or more catalysts to produce a total product containing crude and oil products, wherein the crude oil product is a liquid mixture at 2nd generation and 0.101 MPa, The crude oil feed has a total test / Fe content of at least 0,000 grams per gram of crude oil feed, and the sulfur content is at least Q grams of sulfur on the side, and the at least one catalyst comprises the sixth or more of the periodic table. Metal, one or more compounds of the six or more metals, or a mixture thereof; and controlling the contact conditions so that the crude product has a total Ni / V / Fe content of at most 卯%

The crude oil has a Ni / V / Fe content, and the crude oil product has a sulfur content of the crude oil feed with a sulfur content of 70 to 130/0, where n] / technical content is determined by ASTM method D5708 , And the sulfur content is measured by eight reading method D4294. The present invention also provides a method for producing a crude oil product, comprising: contacting a crude oil feed with-or a plurality of catalysts to produce a total product containing a crude oil product, wherein the crude oil product is a liquid mixture at 2nd generation and 0.101 MPa, the or The crude oil feed contains one or more alkali metal salts of one or more organic acids.% Of multiple organic acids-or multiple soil metal salt complexes: the primary two feeds have at least 0 • 嶋 Gi per gram of crude oil feed. & of organic acid metal 27 200535225 total content of metal and soil metal in salt form with a residue content of at least 0 ·] g of residue, the at least one catalyst comprising one or more metals in the sixth table of the periodic table ' Periodic Table 6 contains one or more compounds of one or more metals, or mixtures thereof; and controlling the contact conditions so that the crude oil product has a total alkali metal and alkaline earth metal content of organic acid metal salt forms of up to 90% of the total The content of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals in the form of metal salts of organic acids in the crude oil feed, and the crude oil product has a residue content of 70 to 30% of the crude oil feed, Alkali metal salts of organic acids and morphology-based alkaline earth metal content was measured by ASTM method D1318, and residue content-based assay by ASTM method D5307. The present invention also provides a method for producing a crude oil product, comprising: contacting a crude oil feed with one or more catalysts to produce a total product containing a crude oil product, wherein the crude oil product is a liquid mixture at 2VC and 0.001 MPa, The crude oil feed has a residue content of at least grams in each gram of crude feed, a total Ni / V / Fe content of at least 0.0002 grams, and the at least one catalyst contains a 帛 6 block of the periodic table—or A variety of metals, one or more compounds of the metals in the sixth table of the Periodic Table, or a mixture thereof; and controlling the contact conditions so that the crude oil product has a total Ni / v / Fe content of at most, the raw material, the Nl of the feed / V / Fe content, and the crude product has a residual content of 70 to 13% of the crude feed in the tritium 3, where the Ni / V / Fe content is determined by ASTM method D57〇8 , And the residue was measured by ASTM method D5307. Ben Maoming also provides a method for producing crude oil products, including: contacting a crude oil feed with one or more catalysts and catalysts to produce a total product containing crude oil products, 28 200535225 wherein the crude oil products are at 2rc and 0 · A liquid mixture at 101 MPa, the crude oil feed contains one or more organic acids—or polyfluorene metal salts, 1 more organic acids—or more earth test metal salts, or a mixture of feeds per gram of crude oil feed It has a content of at least 0 .... minus ("VG0"), a total content of test metal and alkaline earth metal in the form of organic acid metal salt of 0. gak, the at least one catalyst contains one or more metals of the sixth table of the periodic table , One or more compounds of one or more metals, or a mixture thereof, in the sixth table of the Periodic Table; and control the contact conditions so that the total content of metal and soil metals in the crude oil product in the form of metal salts of organic acids is at most 90% The content of alkali metals and alkaline earth in the form of metal salts of organic acids in the crude oil feed is' and the crude oil product has a VG content of M to the VG0 content of the crude oil feed, where the VG0 content is determined by M The determination method is D5307, and the content of metal and soil in the form of organic acid metal salt is determined by ASTM method D1318. The present invention also provides a method for producing a crude oil product, which comprises: contacting with: or-a plurality of catalysts to produce a total product containing the crude oil product; the rhenium and middle-edge crude oil products are in liquid form at 25 ° C and MPa. The crude oil feed has at least ⑽ per gram of crude oil feed: N: e content: at least °, 1 g of VG0 content, which is at least-= 3 of the periodic table brother 6-or more metals' The sixth table of the periodic table contains one or more metals-or more compounds' or mixtures thereof; and controlled contact stop === crude oil products with Ul / V / Fe content of up to 90% ] ^ Content 'and the crude oil product has a vg of 0 to 130% of the crude oil feed. The content of VGO in Gansili 29 200535225 is determined by ASTM method D5307, and Lin Heart content was measured by ASTM method D5708. The present invention also provides a method for producing a crude oil product, comprising: contacting an oil feed with one or more catalysts to produce a total product containing a crude oil product, wherein the crude oil product is a liquid mixture at generation 2 and 0 · 101 MPa The crude oil feed contains one or more organic acid one or more metal test salts, one or more organic acid one or more alkaline earth metal rhenium, or a mixture thereof. The crude oil feed has at least ❹ per gram of crude oil feed. The total metal content and metal content of the organic acid metal salt in the form of coffee 1. The at least one catalyst can be obtained by: the carrier and the metal _ or more metals in column 6 of the periodic table, -One or more compounds of more than one metal, or a combination thereof to produce a catalyst precursor, in the presence of one or more sulfur-containing compounds' heated this catalyst precursor at a temperature below 40 (TC) to form a catalyst. And control the contact conditions so that the crude oil product has the total content of metal and soil test metals of organic acid metal salt form & 9Q% of the crude oil feed: the content of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals in the form of organic acid metal salts The content of alkali metals and soil test metals in the form of eight organic salts of organic acids is determined by the method. The stalk is prepared by ASTM method D1318. The present invention also provides a method for producing crude oil products, which comprises contacting crude oil or various catalysts to produce crude oil. The total product of the product, the crude oil product of China, Israel and China at 25C and 0.1 () 1 milk mixed with crude oil feed has at least 0.02 grams per gram of crude oil feed: heart test content, the at least one Catalysts can be obtained by: loading, or: Column 6 of the Periodic Table-or more metals, 6th of the Periodic Table-or evening 30 200535225 metals-or more compounds, or mixtures thereof to produce catalysts In the presence of a private party or a sulfur-containing compound, the catalyst precursor is heated at a temperature lower than the willow c. The total catalyst is formed, and the contact conditions are controlled so that the crude oil product has a total Nl The Ni / V / Fe content of the crude oil feed with the maximum / V / Fe content, and the θ /, A / V / Fe content in the basin are determined by ASTM method D5708. This month is also provided in every The crude oil composition contains the following crude oil composition: at least 1 gram of Buddha process Hydrocarbons distributed between 95 t and 26GX: at G.HH MPa; at least Q_grams of freezing range distribution hydrocarbons between 232 and 32 (rc) under q⑻purchase; at least gram of boiling range distribution Hydrocarbons between 32 and 65 generations at 0. MPa; and one or more catalysts greater than 0 g 'but less than 0.01 g per gram of crude oil product. The invention also provides The crude oil composition contains the following emu oil composition: at least ο · (πg of sulfur ', which is determined by ASTM &D4294; at least 0.2 g of residue, which is measured by ASTM method, and the composition has at least The MCR content and content of U by weight II, ,, = The MCR content is determined by ASTM method 0453 °, and the A-cyanine content is measured by ASTM method D2007. The present invention also provides a method for producing a crude oil product, which comprises direct contacting a crude oil feed with one or more catalysts to produce a total product containing a crude oil product, wherein the crude oil product is at 25. (: And condensable at 0.101 MPa, the crude oil feed has at least 10,000 grams of MCr-containing denier per gram of crude oil feed, 'J to ^, a catalyst can be obtained by: One or more metals of Table 6 椚, one or more compounds of one or more metals in column 6 of the Periodic Table 31 200535225 Mouthpieces' or mixtures thereof to produce catalyst precursors; The catalyst precursor is heated at a temperature of less than 500 t; in the presence of the catalyst: catalyst and the contact conditions are controlled so that the crude oil product has an MCR content of 90% of the crude oil feed MCR content of MCR, which is determined by ASTM method D4530. The present invention also provides a method for producing a crude oil product, comprising: contacting a crude oil feed with one or more catalysts to produce a total product containing a crude oil product, Wherein the crude oil product is condensable at 25 ° C. and 0.101 MPa, the crude oil feed has an MCR content of at least 0.001 g per gram of crude oil feed, and the at least one catalyst has a median pore size of 70. Pore size distribution in the range from person to 180A, the pore size At least 60% of the total number of pores in the distribution have pore sizes in the range of the median pore size of M A, where the pore size distribution is determined by the astm method D4282; and the contact conditions are controlled so that the crude oil product has a mcR of at most 90%. The MCR of the crude oil feed, where MCR is determined by the astm method D4530. The present invention also provides a crude oil composition containing the following in each gram of composition · Maximum 0.004 grams of oxygen, which is determined by ASTM method E385; at most 0.003 g of sulfur, measured by ASTM method D4294; and at least 0.33 g of residue, measured by ASTM method D5307. The present invention also provides a crude oil composition containing the following in each gram of composition Substances: up to 0.004 grams of oxygen, measured by ASTM method E385; up to 0.003 grams of sulfur, measured by ASTM method D4294; up to 0.004 grams of basic nitrogen, measured by ASTM method D2896; at least 2 g of residue, which is measured by ASTM method D5307; and the composition has a TAN of up to 32 200535225 and more than 0.5, which is measured by ASTM method D664. The present invention also provides the following per gram of composition Crude oil composition ... at least 0.001 Sulfur, which is determined by ASTM method D4294; at least 0.2 g of residue, which is measured by asTM method D5307; the composition has a weight ratio of MCR content to c5 asphaltene content of at least 1.5, and the The composition has a TAN of up to 0.5, where TAN is measured by ASTM method D664, MCR weight is measured by ASTM method D4530, and C5 asphaltene weight is measured by ASTM method D2007. In several specific examples, the present invention and those combining one or more methods or compositions of the present invention also provide the following crude oil feeds: those that have not been processed in a refinery, are distilled and / or fractionated; (b) contain carbon numbers greater than 4 As a component, the crude oil feed contains at least 0.5 grams of such feeds per gram of crude oil feed; (c) contains hydrocarbons, part of which has a boiling range distribution below 100 ° C at o.ioi MPa , Boiling range distribution between 100 ° C and 200 ° C at 0.101 MPa, Boiling range distribution between 200 ° C and 300 ° C at 0.101 MPa, and 300 ° at 0.101 MPa Boiling range distribution between C and 400 ° C, and boiling range distribution between 400 ° C and 650 ° C at 0.101 MPa; (d) Each gram of crude oil feed contains at least: Hydrocarbons with a boiling range distribution below 0.1 ° C at 0.101 MPa, 0.001 grams of hydrocarbons with a boiling range distribution between 100 ° C and 200 ° C at 0.101 MPa, and 0.001 grams Hydrocarbons with a range distribution between 200 ° C and 300 ° C at 0.1 MPa, and 0.001 grams of hydrocarbons with a boiling range distribution between 30 ° C and 400 ° C at 0.101 MPa And 0.001 grams of hydrocarbons having a boiling range distribution between 400 ° C and 650 ° C at 0.11 MPa; (e) having at least 0 ", 33 200535225, and less than 0.3, or TAN in the range of 3 to 20, 0.4 to 10, or 0.5 to $; (f) having an initial boiling point of at least 2000c at 0.11 MPa; (g) containing Nickel, vanadium and iron '(h) contains at least 0.00002 grams of total Ni / V / Fe per gram of crude feed; ⑴ contains sulfur; ⑴ contains at least 0.0001 grams per gram of crude feed Or 0.05 g of sulfur; (k) containing at least 0.001 g of VGO per gram of crude feed; (l) containing at least 0.1 g of residue per gram of crude feed; (m) containing Oxygen-containing hydrocarbons; (n)-one or more metallurgical salts of a plurality of organic acids, one or more alkaline earth metal salts of one or more organic acids, or a mixture thereof; (ο) at least one zinc salt comprising an organic acid; and / Or (ρ) at least one kun salt containing an organic acid. In some specific examples, the present invention and those combining one or more methods or compositions of the present invention also provide a method that can remove naphtha and specific stones from crude oil. Yuedian Crude oil feeds obtained from more volatile compounds of the oil. In some specific examples, the present invention and those that combine one or more of the methods or compositions of the present invention also provide contacting the crude oil feed with one or more catalysts to produce A method comprising a total product of crude oil products, wherein the crude oil feed and crude oil product both have & asphaltene content and MCR content, and: (a) the asphaltene content of the crude oil feed and the MCR content of the crude oil feed Is the sum of s, the sum of the C5 asphaltene content of the crude oil product and the mcr content of the crude oil product is Sf, the contact conditions are controlled so that s is at most 99% of s; and / or (b) the contact conditions are controlled so that the crude oil The weight ratio of the MCR content of the product to the cyanogen content of the crude product is in the range of L2 to 2.0, & .3 to ". 5 In several specific examples, the present invention and those combining one or more methods or compositions of the present invention also provide a hydrogen source, wherein the hydrogen source is: 0) gaseous state; (⑴ 34 200535225 chlorine gas; ⑷ 甲 院; ⑷ light hydrocarbon ⑷ inert gas; mixture. X (ί) In some specific examples, the present invention and those who combine the method or composition of the present invention also provide a method for making crude oil feed and a total product containing crude oil products, wherein The crude oil enters the contact area or is connected to the contact area of the offshore equipment for contact. In several specific examples, the present invention and a combination of one or a method or a composition of the present invention also provide a method in the name τ. ,, which includes Combined with gas and / or hydrogen source feed and contact with ❹㈣ media and ㈣ contact conditions: the ratio of ⑷ tank source to crude oil feed is 5 to 5 in the crude oil feed with one or more catalysts from 7 cubic meters. (B) #by changing the hydrogen source content to control the selected net absorption of hydrogen (c) the absorption rate of A makes the crude oil product have a TAN less than 0, but the hydrogen absorption system Less than during contact will cause crude feed and she The amount of hydrogen absorption that is substantially phase separated between the materials; the selected absorption rate of plutonium: within the range of i to 30 or i to 80 standard cubic meters of lice source in the mother cubic meter of crude oil feed; (e ) The liquid space velocity of the gas and / or hydrogen source is at least 11 h; 'at least 15 h-]' or at most 20 y; 控制 control the partial pressure of the gas and / or hydrogen source during contact; (g) contact The temperature is in the range of 50 to 500, and the total liquid space velocity of the gas and / or hydrogen source is in the dry range of 0 to 30 °. The total pressure of the gas and / or hydrogen source is in the range of h to 20 MPa, (h) the gas and / or hydrogen source flow is in the opposite direction to the crude oil feed flow; (0 the crude oil product has an H / c of 70 to 13% of the original / source feed (J) the hydrogen absorbed by the crude oil feed is within a range of at most 80 and / or 1 to 80 or 1 to 50 standard cubic meters of hydrogen per cubic meter of 35 200535225 crude oil feed; (K) The crude oil product has a total Ni / V / Fe content of at most 90 / 〇 Yuan Xi is 50% 'or more than 1 of the crude oil feed. The crude oil product has a sulfur content of 70 To 130% or 80 to 120% of the sulfur content of the crude feed; (m) the crude product has a vg0 content

VGO content of 70 to 130% or 90 to 110% of the crude oil to 130% or 9 feeds, (11) the crude oil product has a residue content of 7 to 1: the residue of the crude oil feed Content; ⑷ the crude oil product has an oxygen content, mostly 90%, up to 70%, up to 50%, up to peach, or up to 10%, the oxygen content of the crude oil feed; (p) the crude oil product And there are. Organic acid, the total content of metal test and soil test metal in the form of salt is 5G% or more than 1 G% of the crude oil. , M) During the contact,

δ Hai crude oil feed has a P value of at least 15; Bu, Xi Tower, 丄 * L 〇 _ ^ (r) δ Xuan crude oil product has a viscosity at 37.8 C of up to 900 / max — which is taken as 5〇 /. , Or up to 10% of the viscosity of the crude oil feed at 37.8t:

() The crude oil product has an Αρι ratio ”, 30% of the ΛPI proportion of the crude oil feed; and / or the crude oil product has a TAN of at most 3 " a maximum of A ^ ϋ / 〇 whichever is more than 50%, at most 30%, taking 20/100, or up to 1000 001? 〇, ηη of 4 crude oil feed TAN and / or υ.υυι to 0.5, 0 〇1 to 〇 2 in Park Yi · In the range of 0 · 1. Fang: In the specific example of the right stem, the method or composition of the present invention also provides m ... = one or more of the present invention ^ ^ ^ m ^ ^ y One content, 1 in q, beef in organic food containing B in organic compounds. (A) Reduce the content of selected rich milk compounds to make the 36 200535225: the oil product has oxygen content. At most 90% of the crude oil feed contains at least one compound of organic oxygen compounds with a metal salt of an acid () At least one organic compound containing at least one organic compound containing an alkali metal salt of a carboxylic acid; At least one organic compound containing organic oxygen compounds. An alkaline earth metal containing a carboxylic acid compound (e) At least one compound of ^ p is a metal summer containing a carboxylic acid, wherein this i is one or more metals including the twelfth block of the periodic table; ⑴ = crude oil product has a non-fluorene-containing organic compound content of up to 9 organic compound content; And / or the original organic oxidative hybrid 3 subtractive compound is produced by the method containing cardiac acid or non-acid acid. In the specific example, the present invention is combined with one or more of the present invention, and the adult is also & A method for providing, including contacting the crude oil feed box with a catalyst contact, wherein: at the first temperature, contacting the crude oil with the catalyst and then contacting at the second temperature to control the contact At Γ, the first contact temperature was lower than the second contact temperature 3 (TC '· Ma 1 under ammonia absorption conditions and then under the second hydrogen absorption conditions, the crude oil feed fish Qiji total cage ^ contact the brother The temperature of the suction condition is at least lower than the temperature of the suction condition; (c) in the first step, the two catalysts of the crude oil feed condition are contacted under the conditions of "lower, lower, lower, lower, and lower", and then at Contact at the second temperature, control the contact 20 ° C below the second contact temperature; chlorine is generated between ⑷; ⑷ produces ammonia during the contact, and makes the original: to make the crude oil feed suck at least-part of the generated gas; (f)-a kind of contact The first and second catalysts are in contact with each other, and the crude oil feed and the scoop are finely formed to produce a crude oil product, wherein the crude oil product has a tan of the crude oil feed of 37 200535225 and second technology 90 //; Reaction in a stacked bed; 仃 contact; ⑻ contact in an ebullated bed reactor;

枓 contacted with the additional catalyst after being in contact with one or more catalysts; (J catalyst, the crude oil feed is brought into contact with the additional catalyst in the presence of the contact with the 鈒 catalyst; (k) hydrogen based on Per cubic ^ ,, ', Shaw produced at a rate in the range of 1 to 2G standard cubic meters; 产生 generates hydrogen during the contact, M ~ s, Er Feng Ya Sheng' 接, then a small part of w 4 is generated in the presence of chlorine

Then the gas flow is in contact with 丄 =: #: and the contact conditions are controlled so that ·, ㈤, the flow and the flow of hydrogen generation are opposite to the second π ": from the feed at the first temperature to contact the vanadium catalyst Then, the temperature is at least lower than the second temperature condition in order to make the first, who, s (n) produce hydrogen during the contact, and force the contact "", additional catalyst contact, control the contact conditions so that the Make the crude oil feed more gaseous under the circumstance; and / or (.) At a second temperature and a second temperature of at least 18.

: In some specific examples, the present invention and the method or composition are also provided-or in contact with one or more catalysts, wherein., /, Including the crude oil feed with a oxide containing oxygen, oxygen cutting, 4 (a ) 4 The catalyst is a supported catalyst and the carrier encapsulates magnesium, or a mixture thereof ^ oxidized 1 L, titanium oxide, oxidation oxide, oxygen; ⑷A method also includes' the medium is X loaded catalyst and the carrier is porous treated Additional contact: ⑷: "The front of the dagger has been at a temperature higher than the temperature for a year 'and 蜮 (e" Hai at least / at least-the catalyst has a life of at least 0.5. The catalyst is in a fixed bed or suspended in the original bed. 38 200535225 In the oil feed. In some specific examples, the method or composition also provides a method, invention, or contact with more or more catalysts, ^ χ, /, G 3 makes the crude oil feed in one touch. The catalyst is a cut catalyst or a block metal and a catalyst or a block metal catalyst: (a) a person, a group of multi-recorded people who belong to ίο, and are included in the § Periodic Table 5 and other metals, belonging to the fifth to the second periodic table-or more compounds, or mixtures of two-or more containing at least g, contact Middle 2 ·· Periodic table of one or more metals :: to 3 grams of 敎 —or more than one metal—or multiple compounds, or [Λ 物 10 Contains 6 + 10 of the periodic table Fly /, this compound; (c) Contained-or more than two of the same metal, Periodic Table 6 to 10 Contains 7 or more compounds of the Periodic Table, or mixtures thereof, One of the 7 ^ columns in J 〇 ——or Polygonum, the seventh to the periodic table] one or more of 0 metal species per gram catalyst contains 〇__ or a mixture thereof. ， 在 期Table 7 / to 0.6 grams or 0.00 to 1-3 grams of: one or more metals ^ to 10 周 或-or multiple metals-or more::,; = 7 to, cycle Tables 5 to 6 are price 6 + + times /, ka things; (f) Contains-or more all ^ metal, _〇〇 ^ 合物 compounds in the 5th column of the periodic table '(G) Metals containing more than one ^ * genus, 5th of the periodic table-or more containing at least = ... Do not' or mixtures thereof; g per gram of catalyst, 0 · 0001 to 0.6 g, 0001 to 03 Ancient Λ 〇 · ^ '^ 0.01 ^ 0 08., ° · 001 ^ 0 · 3 ^ -0.005 metal, periodic table. 008 grams: One or more compounds of one or more of the metals in one or more columns of Period 5 of the periodic table, 39 200535225 side or a mixture thereof; ⑴ contains a period One of the six columns in the table of the first phase of the table, Su Ba ', Bu, F, one or more compounds of the genus Mon, or a mixture thereof, contains 0.0000 to .3 grams per gram of catalyst, 0.005 to 〇 ”, Mn or more metals, one or more of one or more of the metals in the column # 1 of column 6 of the periodic table of" f0. ° 8 grams. " Substances, or mixtures thereof; (k genus, the periodic table "" or more t = 10 sheds of one or more gold to 1ΓΓΓ1) in each gram of the catalyst contains a shaft to G.6 grams or 0.3 grams ... One or more total blocks of the periodic table-one or more of the metals. "Cousin said,-or more kinds of mixtures & mixtures thereof; (m) package or more kinds of compounds, or Mixtures thereof; (n) containing nickel,-: + chemical compounds or mixtures thereof; (0) containing noodles, δ compounds, or mixtures thereof; (p) containing molybdenum or selenium cobalt or mixtures thereof; q) I per gram of catalyst;.: at most ^ mesh compounds, up to 0.1 g ... or more or more compounds, or 0.005 tungsten-containing,-or more tungsten compounds, or mixtures thereof :, : 物; ⑴ package contains 0.001 to 0.3 grams:-S in each gram of catalyst mixture; ⑴ contains one or more compounds, or two or more metals of the periodic table, Wherein the 10th metal: = Mohr ratio of the periodic table is 1 to 5; ⑻ contains the 15th of the periodic table: 6 metalloids' 15th of the periodic table-or more elements or multiple elements or mixtures thereof; Each gram of catalyst contains 00 compounds:-or more elements in column 15 of the Periodic Table, Γ5: · 6 g of the Periodic Table:-element or multiple compounds, or mixtures thereof; (W) stone : Of-= 40 200535225 '(x) contains a maximum of 0.J per gram of catalyst and at least 0.5 Θ species of scale compounds per gram of catalyst' or a mixture of grams of alumina '· and / or ( y) Alumina. Method: In the specific example of the present invention and the combination of the present invention and one or more of the present invention, a method for forming a catalyst is also provided, which includes forming a carrier and a human into a carrier / mongolian mixture, wherein the carrier comprises 32 :, heat treatment of alumina support / gold at a temperature of at least 400t, and 'also includes: ⑷ combining the support / metal mixture with water to form a paste, and extruding the paste' · ( b) ☆ temperature of at least 80 ° C (2: oxidized inscription obtained by heat treatment); and / or using the catalyst in several specific examples, the present invention and a combination of one or more methods or compositions of the present invention Also provided is a method comprising contacting one or more catalysts of a crude oil feed tray, wherein the pore size distribution of the one or more catalysts has a Γ⑷ of at least 60A, at least 丨, and ^ is 90A, at least 180 A, at least 200 A, = 230 A, at least 300 A, up to 230 A, up to 500 people, (疋 in 90 to 180 A, 100 to 140 A, 120 to 130 A, 230 to 5 〇A, 180 to 500 A, 230 to 500 people; or f-position aperture in the range of 60 to 300 people; (b) At least 6Q% of the total number of holes has S45A, 35 people, and A have a pore size within the median pore control range; (c) at least 60 m2 / g to 刈 111 / g, at least 100 m ~ g, at least A surface area of 120 m2 / g, at least 150 1 Ώ / g, at least 200 m2 / g, or at least 220 m2 / g; and / or (d) at least An. 3/3; 3 cm / g, at least 0.4 cmVg, at least 0.5

Cm3 / g, or i less Α (Ί 7 3 / is the total volume of all pore diameters of υ · 7 cm / g. 41 200535225 In several specific examples, the present invention is combined with one or more methods or compositions of the present invention Also provided is a method comprising contacting a crude oil feed with one or more supported catalysts, wherein the carrier contains strontium oxide, oxygen 2 silicon, silicon oxide-alumina, titanium oxide, hafnium oxide, magnesium oxide , Or a mixture thereof, and / or zeolite; (b) contains aluminum oxide and / or 3 alumina; (C) contains at least 0.5 g of gamma alumina in 2 g of support; ⑷ per gram of support Has > 0.3 g or at least 0.5 g of rhenium alumina; rhenium comprises alumina, gamma alumina, delta alumina, theta alumina, or mixtures thereof; (f) contained in each gram of carrier At most ο ·! Grams of ^ alumina. In some specific examples, the present invention and a combination of one or more methods or compositions of the present invention also provide a vanadium catalyst. (A) has a median pore size to 60A Pore size distribution; (b) contains a support, the support contains rhenium alumina, and the vanadium catalyst has a median pore size of at least 60A Pore size distribution; (c) Contains one or more metals from Group 6 of the Periodic Table, one or more of Group 6 of the Periodic Table, or one or more compounds of metals, or mixtures thereof; and / or (per gram of catalyst Contains at least, 0,001 grams of one or more metals in the sixth table of the periodic table, one or more compounds of one or more metals in the sixth column of the periodic table, and mixtures thereof. In several specific examples, the present invention and the combination of the present invention One or more methods or compositions also provide a crude oil product having (a) a TAN of at most 0.1, 0.001 to 0.5, 0.01 to 0.2; or 0.05 to 0j; (b) per gram of crude oil product Up to 0.000009 grams of organic acid metal salt Qinshu's alkali metals and alkaline earth metals; (c) Nl / V / Fe of up to 0.0000 grams per gram of crude oil product, and / or (d ) At least one catalyst greater than 42 200535225 grams, but less than 0.01 grams per gram of crude oil product. In the specific example of Ruo Qian, the present invention and a combination of one or more methods or compositions of the present invention also provide a One or more alkali metals of one or more organic acids ^ or organic One or more earth test metal salts of the acid, or a mixture thereof, "" (a) the at least one alkali metal is lithium, sodium, or potassium; and / or (b) the at least one earth test metal is magnesium or calcium. In the specific example of the right stem, the present invention and a combination of one or more methods or compositions of the present invention also provide a method comprising contacting a crude oil feed with one or more catalysts to produce a total product containing crude oil products, This method also includes: U) combining the crude oil product with the same or different crude oil feed to form a blend suitable for transport; (b) bringing the crude oil product to the same or different crude oil feed Combined to form eight substances suitable for processing equipment, '(C) fractionate the crude oil product; and / or (d) fractionate the crude oil product into one or more fractions, and produce shipping fuel from the at least one fraction. In several specific examples of the ash, the present invention is combined with the present invention

= To or the composition also provides a supported catalyst composition, which: (a) = the carrier contains at least 0.3 grams or at least. .5 grams of Θ oxidation: (b) contains delta alumina, (c) contains up to ο ″ per gram of carrier): gasification; (d) has a pore size distribution with a median pore size of at least 23 OA .: The pores with this pore size distribution are at least 0.3 cm3 / g or at least 〇7 "pore volume; ⑴ has a surface spear of at least ~ / g or at least 90 m2 / g. It contains the seventh to tenth of the periodic table Blocked one or more metals, periodic table: to column W-or more metals-or more compounds, or a mixture of them ~ 43 200535225 (li) free periodic one or more metals containing periodic table clothes-or multiple metals, periodic In column 5 of the table, or more compounds, or mixtures thereof, ω contains 0 · 0001 "" in each gram of catalyst, which is contained in the fifth metal of various kinds of parent metals '—' \ g or 0 to G · 3 g. : One or more. (Ί) Baoren, Zhou; a or more metal compounds in column 5 or a mixture of column two: multiple: two or six: one or more metals in the diaphragm, 6th per gram of the periodic table catalyst Chinese people have n or XI compounds, or mixtures thereof; ⑷ in ', 3 have 0.0001 to 0.6 grams or 0.001 to 0.3 grams: one or more sixth metal, j

, Is a metal compound, or a mixture thereof, 5 '钒 contains vanadium'-or a plurality of vanadium compounds, or a mixture thereof; (m) contains a marriage,-or multiple pin compounds, or a mixture thereof: ⑷ contains Cranes, one or more crane compounds, or mixtures thereof; ⑷ & containing one or more diamond compounds' or mixtures thereof; and / 4 ⑻, containing one or more compounds, or mixtures thereof. In several specific examples, the present invention and one or more methods or compositions in combination with the present invention also provide a composition m) having a TAN of at most 0.5, at most 0.3, or at most 01; (b) Contains at least 0._g of hydrocarbons in a gram composition distributed between 95 ° C and 260 ° C at gMpa, 'at least 0.005', at least 0.05 g, or A boiling range distribution of at least 0.01 gram is between 26 ° C and 32 ° C at 0.1 MPa; and a boiling range distribution of 320t and 65 ° at 0.001 MPa is at least 0.001 g. smoke between t; (c) contains at least 0.0005 grams of test nitrogen per gram of composition; (d) contains at least 0-001 grams or at least 0.01 grams of total nitrogen per gram of composition; and / or ( e) contains up to 0.00005 grams of total nickel and vanadium per gram of composition. 44 200535225 In several specific examples, the present invention and those combining one or more methods or compositions of the present invention also provide a crude oil composition, Contains one or more catalysts, the at least one catalyst ... (a) has a median pore size of at least 1 80 A, a maximum of 500 people, and / or between 90 and 180 A, 100 to 140 A, 120 to 130 A pore size distribution; (b) has a median pore size of at least 90 A, and more than 60% of the total pore size in the pore size distribution has 45 A, 35 A, or 25 A Pore size in the median pore size range; (c) has a surface area of at least 100 m2 / g, at least 120 m2 / g, or at least 220 m2 / g; (d) includes a support; the support includes alumina, silica, oxide Silica-alumina, titanium oxide, zirconia, magnesia, zeolite, and / or mixtures thereof; (e) one or more metals containing blocks 5 to 10 of the periodic table, one of blocks 5 to 10 of the periodic table One or more compounds of one or more metals, or mixtures thereof; (f) one or more metals containing one or more metals in column 5 of the periodic table, one or more compounds of one or more metals in column 5 of the periodic table, or mixtures thereof; (g) ) Contains at least 0.0001 grams per gram of catalyst: one or more metals in column 5, one or more metal compounds in column 5, or mixtures thereof; (h) one or more metals in column 6 of the periodic table, the periodic table One or more compounds of one or more metals in column 6, or mixtures thereof; (i) per gram of catalyst Contains at least 0.0001 g of: one or more of the sixth metal, one or more of the sixth metal compound, or a mixture thereof; Cj) contains one or more metals of the tenth column of the periodic table, one or more of column 10 of the periodic table One or more compounds of a metal, or a mixture thereof; and / or (k) one or more compounds containing one or more elements in column 15 of the periodic table, one or more elements in column 15 of the periodic table, or a mixture thereof. In a further specific example, the characteristics of the specific embodiment of the invention 45 200535225 can be combined with the characteristics of the other specific embodiments of the invention. For example, the features of one embodiment of the present invention may be combined with the features of other embodiments. In a further specific example, any method and system of crude oil production, ° 0 is obtained. The reason is as described herein. In a further specific example, additional features may be implemented. [Embodiment]: This is a more detailed description of the specific practical terms of the present invention as defined below. "ASTM" means the American Standard for Materials Testing. ‘Specific gravity is the state ’s weight at 15.5t: (60Τ). Continued Specific gravity is measured by ASTM method D6822. The atomic hydrogen percentages of crude oil feeds and crude oil products are determined by the "%% method 135291. Atomic Rabbit Percentages # = Otherwise, except for crude oil feeds, total products, and / or crude oil products. Measured by AST1V [Method D5307. "A Asphaltene" means an asphaltene which is insoluble in pentane. C is determined by AStmD2007. "Month shell content" Xth metal, refers to one or more of one or more metals in column X of the periodic table X or more, "genus and / X" correspond to the number of columns in the periodic table (E.g. U 12). For example, the metal in the middle column refers to one or more metals of the sixth table of the periodic table, two or six compounds of f or more metals. 4 Periodic Table No. X Xuansu, refers to the 7L element of the 4th column of the Periodic Table, and 46 200535225 or one or more elements of one or more elements of the Xth Xing of the Chinese table into the X series Corresponds to the number of the periodic table (for example, 13 to 18): ▲, its 15 elements, refers to the 15th-or more elements of the periodic table and / ;, "the wth of the table-or more elements One or more of the compounds. Prime and / or period are within the scope of this application. The gold metal compound of the periodic table *, the element weight of the periodic table, or the weight of the compound of the two are calculated based on the metal weight or element weight. For example and :; 2 = ::: 1 g of M °. 3, then the catalyst indium gold_limagram catalyst 0.067 g. "Content" means the weight fraction expressed as the total weight of the substrate Substrate (such as crude oil feed, total product, or percent weight. "Wtppm" means parts per million by weight. The resulting mixture = feed / total product mixture 'refers to the Catalyst contact. "Distillate" refers to a hydrocarbon with a boiling range distribution between 0.10 MPa (3%) and 3 valence (650 "at 0.101 MPa. The content of the component is determined by as Determined by D5307. "Heteroatom" means oxygen, nitrogen, and / or sulfur contained in the hydrocarbon molecular structure. Heteroatom content is determined by ASTM method for E385 for oxygen, D5762 for total nitrogen 1, and m294 for sulfur. "The total amount of basic nitrogen refers to nitrogen compounds with _ less than 40. The basic nitrogen (,,,) is determined by the method." Hydrogen source, 'means hydrogen, and / or compounds and / Or a compound that reacts in the presence of a crude oil feed and a catalyst to provide hydrogen to the compounds in the crude oil feed. 47 200535225 Hydrogen sources can include, but are not limited to, hydrocarbons (eg, I, C to C4; 1¾, such as A p red, propane, butane), water, hey I ,, Japanese, B, etc. This can be performed on the amount of net hydrogen provided by the compounds in the crude oil feed. "Strength" refers to the compressive force required to crush the catalyst. The crushing strength is determined by ASTM method D4179. Diaphragm resistance to LHSV "refers to the volume of liquid feed, which is the rate of feed of all the plates / total volume of the catalyst, hours (hr 】) Said. The total volume of the catalyst is monthly and you are compensated for the difference by the media volume in the total contact area. 'As described herein.

A liquid-evil mixture refers to a liquid that contains liquid at standard temperature and dust force (ie, 0 MPa, hereinafter referred to as "STP") — or an electrical product of multiple compounds' or a liquid containing 纟 STP. -A composition of a combination of one or more compounds and one or more compounds that are solid in the print. The "week" table refers to the periodic table stipulated by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) in January 2003. "Metals in the form of metal salts of organic acids refer to alkali metals, alkaline earth metals,

Zinc, arsenic, chromium, or a combination thereof. The metal content in the form of a metal salt of an organic acid was measured by the AS T M method D 1 3 1 8. The "micro residual carbon" ("MCR") content refers to the amount of residual carbon left after evaporation and pyrolysis of the matrix. The MCR content is determined by ASTM method D4530. "Naphtha" refers to the boiling range distribution Hydrocarbon composition between 0.1 ° MPa and 38 ° C (100 ° F) and 200 ° C (392T). The naphtha content is determined by ASTM method D5307.

Ni / V / Fe means nickel, rhenium, iron, or a combination thereof.

Ni / V / Fe g refers to the content of Lu, Fan, Fe, or a combination thereof. 48 200535225

The Ni / V / Fe content is measured by ASTM method D5708. "Nm3 / m3" refers to standard cubic meters of gas per cubic meter of crude oil feed. "Contains non-slow acid organic oxygen compounds, and refers to organic oxygen compounds that do not contain a carboxyl group (one-c02-one). Contains non-arsenic acid Organic oxygen compounds include, but are not limited to, ethers, cyclic ethers, hydrocarbons, aromatic alcohols, ketones, aldehydes, or combinations thereof, which do not contain carboxyl groups. "Non-condensable gas" means a component that is gaseous under STP and / or A mixture of these ingredients. The P / value) or "p value" refers to a value indicating the tendency of asphaltenes to flocculate in a crude oil feed. The measurement of the p-value is described by J.J.Heithaus, Yu Nai-Yi / <

Institute of Petroleum, V〇l. 48? Number 458? February 1962, PP · 45-33's "Measurement — Called Han Yi ㈣ As Coffee

Peptization ". Pore size Median pore size" and "pore volume" refer to the pore size, median size measured by ASTM method D4284 (mercury porosity method with a contact angle of 140).

Bit aperture and pore volume. mie_erities @ A922q Instruments⑽⑽ · 咖啡

Inc. 'Noixfoss Georgia, USA) can be used to determine these values.歹 Ge 畕 system has a component with a boiling range distribution higher than 5 μM (10⑽.ρ), as determined by AST] V [Method D5307. "SCFB" means the standard cubic feet of gas in a barrel of crude oil feed. The "surface area" of the catalyst was measured by ASTM method D3663. '™' refers to the total acid value, expressed as KOH milligrams per gram ("g"). "TAN" is determined by ASTM method D664. Hydrocarbons between 343 ° c (65 49 200535225 53 8 C (looo f) at 0.11 MPa. VG〇 content is determined by the astm method D5307. "Viscosity" means at 37.8 t (1〇〇 Kinematic viscosity. The viscosity is measured using ASTM method D445. In the case of this application, it should be understood that if the value of the nature of the tested substrate is outside the limits of the test method, it can be corrected and or Recalibrate this test method to test such properties.

Crude oil can be produced and / or carbonized from hydrocarbons containing structures and then stabilized. Crude oil may include crude oil. Crude oil is usually solid, semi-solid, and / or liquid. Stabilization may include, but is not limited to, removing non-condensable gases, water, salts, or a combination thereof in the crude oil to form a stable crude oil. Such stabilization may often occur at or near production and / or retorting sites. > Stable crude oils typically have not been steamed and / or separated in processing equipment to produce a specific boiling range distribution (e.g., naphtha, distillates, VG0, and / or

Lubricating oil). Distillation includes, but is not limited to, a normal pressure steam room method and / or a reduced pressure steam room method. Unsteamed German and / or unstable stable crude oil may contain components having a carbon number greater than 4 in a quantity of at least 0.5 grams of components per gram of crude oil. Examples of stabilized crude oil include whole crude oil, distillate & desalted crude oil, desalted distillate crude oil, or a combination thereof. "Steam residue, which refers to processed crude oil, has therefore been removed at least-partly, of components which have a boiling point below 0,001 Mpa below hunger (1-under 4 95 ° C). Typically, steam residue Crude oil has such a content of up to (M grams, up to 0.05 grams, or up to 0.02 grams) per gram of crude oil. By transportation vehicles (for example, several stable crude oils have an allowable stable crude oil loan of 50). 200535225 pipelines, trucks, or ships) to the nature of conventional processing equipment. Other crude oils have one or more inappropriate properties that make them unfavorable. Poor quality crude oil may not be possible for Xingju delivery vehicles and / or processing equipment. Accepted, thus giving low economic value to inferior crude oil. This economic value may be as if the production, transportation, and / or processing costs of a container containing inferior crude oil are considered too expensive. The properties of inferior crude oil may include, but are not limited to: a ) At least 0.1, at least 0.3 AN; b) viscosity of at least 10 cSt; c) API gravity of at most μ, d) total Ni / V / Fe content of at least 0.00 per gram of crude oil 0.002 grams or at least 0.0001 grams) sii / V / Fe; e) total heteroatom content of at least 0.005 grams of heteroatoms per gram of crude oil; f) residue content of at least 0.001 grams of residues per gram of crude oil; g) C5 asphaltene content At least 0.04 grams of q asphaltene per gram of crude oil; h) MCR content of at least 0.002 grams of MCR per gram of crude oil; i) metal content of organic acid metal salt form at least 0.00001 grams of gram crude oil Metal; or ”) combinations thereof. In several specific examples, inferior crude oil may contain at least 0.2 grams of residues, at least 0.3 grams of residues, and at least 0.5 grams of residues per gram of inferior crude oil. 'Or at least' 0.9 g of residue. In several specific examples, inferior crude oil may have a range of 0.1 or 0.3 to 20, 0_3 or 0.5 to 10, or 0.4 or 0.5 to 5. In certain specific examples, inferior crude oil may have a sulfur content of at least 0.05 g, at least 0.001 g, or at least 0.02 g per gram of inferior crude oil. In several specific examples, inferior crude oil has Including, but not limited to, the following properties: a) at least 0.5 TAN; b) the amount of oxygen is Grams of crude oil feed with at least G.GG5 grams of oxygen 'e) C5 cyanocyanine content of at least 0.04 grams of Cs asphaltene per gram of crude oil feed 51 200535225; d) greater than the desired viscosity (for example, with API For a crude oil feed with a specific gravity of at least 10> 10 eSt); e) the metal content in the form of a metal salt of an organic acid is at least 10,000 grams of metal per gram of crude oil; or f) a combination thereof. Inferior crude oil may include in each gram of inferior crude oil: at least 0.0000 g, at least 0.005 g, or at least 0.01 g of a boiling range distribution between 90 ° C and 200 at 001 Mpa. (: Hydrocarbons between; at least 0.01 g, at least 0.05 g, or at least 0.001 g with a boiling range distribution between 200 ° C and 300 C at 001 MPa; at least G.GG1 Grams, at least Q.GQ5 t, or at least Q.G1❿ grams of hydrocarbons with a boiling range distribution between 300 ° C and 400 ° C at 0.101 MPa; and at least 0.001 grams, at least 0.005 grams, or at least 0.00 1 gram of boiling range hydrocarbons distributed between 400 ° C and 650 ° C at 0.101 MPa. Inferior crude oil may include per gram of inferior crude oil: at least 0.001 g, at least 0.005 g, or at least 0.00. 1 gram of hydrocarbons with a boiling range distribution of up to 100 ° C at 001 MPa; at least 0.001 grams, at least 0.005 grams, or at least 0.01 grams of boiling range distribution at 0.101 MPa between 100 and 200 ° C Hydrocarbons between; at least 0_001 grams, at least 0.005 grams, or at least 0.01 grams of hydrocarbons having a boiling range distribution between 200 ° C and 300 ° C at 0.101 MPa; at least 0.001 grams, at least 0.005 grams, Or at least 0.01 grams of hydrocarbons with a boiling range distribution between 300 ° C and 400 ° C at 0.101 MPa; and at least 0.001 grams, at least 0.005 grams, or at least 0.01 grams of boiling range distribution at 0.101 Hydrocarbons at MPa between 400 ° C and 650 ° C. In addition to the higher boiling point components, several inferior crudes may contain at least 0.001 grams, at least 0.005 grams, or at least 0.001 per gram of inferior crude oil. 52 200535225 grams of hydrocarbons with a boiling range distribution of up to 100 ° C at 0.101 MPa ◦ Typical σ inferior crude oil has a maximum of 0.2 g or a maximum of 0.1 g of such hydrocarbon content per gram of inferior lambda crude. Each of the inferior crude oil may contain at least 0.001 g 'at least 0.005 g per gram of inferior crude oil, or at least 0.01 g of smoke having a boiling range distribution of at least 2000 at 0101 MPa. Several inferior crude oil may be in each gram of inferior crude oil. Contains at least 0.001 grams' at least 0.005 grams, or at least 0.005 grams of hydrocarbons having a boiling range distribution of at least 650 ° C. Examples of poor crude oils that can be treated using the methods described herein include, but are not limited to, crude oil from the following regions of the world : Us · Gulf coast and southern California ^ Canada Tar sands ^ Brazilian Santos and

Campos basins, Egyptian Gulf of Suez, Chad, United Kingdom North Sea, Angola Offshore, Chinese Bohai Bay, Venezuelan Zulia, Malaysia, and Indonesia Sumatra. Processing of poor quality crude oil can enhance the properties of the poor quality crude oil so that the crude oil is acceptable for transportation and / or processing. The crude oil and / or inferior crude oil to be processed is referred to herein as the "crude feed". This crude feed can be a distillate crude as described herein. Crude products derived from processing crude feeds as described herein are generally suitable for transportation and / or processing. The properties of crude oil products produced as described herein are closer to the corresponding properties of West Texas Intermediate crude oil than the crude oil feed, or closer to the corresponding properties of Breilt crude oil than the crude oil feed, thereby improving the crude oil feed. Economic value k Song Yuan, the product can be refined with less or no pretreatment, thereby improving the refining efficiency of 53 200535225. Pretreatment may include desulfurization, demetallization, and / or atmospheric distillation to remove impurities. Processing a crude oil feed according to the present invention may include contacting the crude oil feed with a catalyst in a contact zone and / or a combination of two or more contact zones. In the contact zone, at least one property of the oil feed compared to the same property of the crude feed can be changed by contacting the crude feed with one or more catalysts. In some cases, contact was performed in the presence of a hydrogen source. In several specific examples

In particular, the hydrogen source is one or more hydrocarbons that provide a relatively small amount of hydrogen to the compounds in the crude feed in order to react under specific contact conditions. . Fig. 1 is a simplified diagram of a contact system 100 'which includes a contact area 102. Crude oil feed enters contact zone 102 via conduit 104. The contact zone may be a reactor, a part of the reactor, multiple parts of the reactor, or a combination thereof. Examples of contact zones include stacked bed reactors, fixed bed reactors, ebullated bed reactors, continuous search tank reactors ("CSTR,"), fluidized bed reactors, spray reactors, and liquid / liquid Contactor. In a specific embodiment, the contact system is located

Or connect to offshore equipment. In the contact system 100 sheets, the contact of the crude feed with the catalyst can be continuous or batch. This contact area may contain one or more catalysts (eg, two catalysts). The contact of the crude oil feed to the crude catalyst with the first catalyst of the two catalysts can reduce the TAN of the crude oil feed. Subsequent contact of the TAN-reduced crude oil feed with the first catalyst reduces the heteroatom content and increases the AH specific gravity. In other specific examples, 'After contacting the crude oil feed with—or multiple catalysts, the TAN, viscosity, Nl / V / Fe content, heteroatom content of the crude oil feed, undercuts, and API specific gravity, or these The combination of properties will change by at least 10% compared to the same properties of the crude oil 54 200535225. _ In the specific example, the contact medium in the contact area is in the range of 0 to 60 vol% to 50% by volume, or 30 to 40 vol% of the crude oil feed volume in the contact area. In several specific examples, the slurry of catalyst and crude oil feed may contain up to 10 grams, 0.005 to 5 grams, or 0.01 to 3 grams of catalyst in the # i⑻g crude oil feed in the contact zone. The contact conditions in the contact zone may include, but are not limited to, temperature, pressure, lice source flow, crude oil feed flow, or a combination thereof. Control several specific examples and contact conditions to produce characteristic crude oil products. The temperature in the contact area can be between 5Q and 5⑻. c ′ 6q to 4 machines, M to * 赃 or ⑽ f 42 generations. The pressure in the contact zone can be distributed in the range of (Mi 20MPa, to 12 MPa '4 to 10 MPa, or 6 to 8 MPa. Crude oil I LHSV is usually distributed to 30h_, 0.5 to 25h ", 1 to 20 h1' 1.5 to Vr], bucket, .γ or 2 to 10h ". In some specific examples" LHSV is at least 5 lrl, at least 11 h-1, at least 15 f, or at least 20 h-] In the specific example where the hydrogen source is supplied as a gas (such as hydrogen), the ratio of the gaseous hydrogen source and the crude oil feed χ; + is typically distributed from 0.1 to 100,000 N ΓΠ 3 / η, 3, η. To 10,000 Nm3 / m3, 1 to 8,000 Nm3 / m3, 2 to 5,000 Nm3 / m3, ^, from 'to 3,000 Nm3 / m3, or 10 to 800 Nm3 / m3, the remaining U ΔΤ, in contact with the catalyst: : ° L gas is derived from several specific examples in combination with a carrier gas ^ recirculated through the contact zone. The carrier gas can be, for example, nitrogen, gas, and / or heavy-loaded tritium gas can promote crude oil feed flow in the contact zone And / or the hydrogen source carrying C gas can also improve the mixing effect in the contact zone. In some specific examples of 2005 200535225, the hydrogen source (such as hydrogen, formaldehyde ☆, r ^ It is recycled through the contact zone. It is used as a carrier gas: the source can enter the contact zone 1G2 in parallel with the crude oil feed in the conduit 104 or through the knife. In the contact zone 1G = 的 Contact # 嘉 ▲ 入^ Original / produced by contact with the feed and catalyst system containing crude oil products. ^ Male, example contains gas ^ Several examples include the gas system and the original, by the material or in the conduit 106 Combined with hydrogen source. It enters the separation zone through the conduit U0. The contact zone is opened. The force separation zone is separated from the crude oil product and the gas by 108 ft. Separation of the total product. Crude oil products can leave the separation zone through the two and two, and then be transported to the transport vehicle 'pipeline, processing: two ΓΓ: other processing zone' or a combination thereof. The gas can include carbon oxide), vortex β At # , E emulsification%, and / or over a period of time ... 'source, and / or carrier gas. Excess gas can be re-contacted ::: to t, contact, can be purified, transported to other processing areas, storage valley β, Or a combination thereof. In the example of product = I, the crude oil feed is contacted with the catalyst to produce a total of It can be separated in this zone. The total product can be separated into Wang Gong crude oil products and gases. Figures 2 to 3 are simplified diagrams of examples of contact systems 100 including two or three contact zones. In Figure 2 ... B, the contact system 100 includes contacts 102 and 114. Figures 3A and 3B include contact areas 102, 114, 116. The 'contact areas 102, 114, 116 in 2A and 3A are depicted as individual contact areas in one reactor. Crude oil feeds enter contact zone 102 through conduit 104. In several specific examples, the carrier gas is fused in the catheter} ⑽ and guided to the contact area as a mixture. In the specific example of the material, as shown in Figure 30 3B, the chlorine source and / or carrier gas can flow through the drain and / or through the crude oil feed in the opposite direction, such as through the conduit 106: Crude oil and materials are separately fed into people-or multiple contact areas. Reverse flow of crude oil feed j Hydrogen source and / or carrier gas can increase the contact or contact between the crude oil feed and the catalyst. And / Upon contact with H 1 02 towels, contact between the crude feed and the catalyst will generate a source current. This feed stream flows from the contact 102 to the contact zone 4. In Figures 3 and 3B, the feed stream flows from the contact zone 114 to the contact zone 116. The contact areas 102, 114, 116 may include-or multiple catalysts. As shown in FIG. 2B, the 'material flow' leaves the contact area 114 via the guide 118 and enters the contact area 114. As shown in the figure, the material flow leaves the contact area 1 1 4 through the conduit "8 and enters the contact area 丨 6. The feed stream may be contacted with additional catalysts in the contact zone 14 and / or the contact zone 6 to form the total product. The total product leaves the contact zone 114 and / or the contact zone via the conduit 110 and enters the separation zone 108. Crude products and / or gas systems are separated from the total products. The crude product leaves separation zone 108 via conduit 112. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a specific example of the separation zone upstream of the contact system 100. FIG. Crude crude oil (surplus or non-surplus) enters the separation zone 1 20 through the conduit 22. In the separation zone} 20, at least a portion of the inferior crude oil is separated using techniques known in the art (e.g. spraying, membrane separation, decompression) to produce a crude feed. For example, water can be at least partially separated from inferior crude oil. In the other example, Xu has a boiling range distribution below 95 ° C or below 1c. The components of c can be separated from at least part of the crude oil @, 丄 I, 4 shell crude oil to produce crude oil feed. to

At least some naphthas, naphthas, and compounds that are more volatile than naphthas in certain concrete compounds, "at least a portion of the eight-gut crude oil is y-knife. In some specific examples, 120. The components separated by a knife are separated from the separation zone via a conduit 124. 〇σ 〇 The obtained crude oil is fed in several specific examples.

The two-blade cloth is at least 100 ° C, or in some specific examples, the boiling range is a mixture of at least A, q λ W, and t components. Typically, after the separation of Hagiwara: Jinke contains Buddhist process distribution between 100 and 200. c, a mixture of components from 120 to 900 s from 200 to _t. At least a part of the oil feed through the conduit 26 MM \ ^ "As shown in the figure" The knife away zone 120 enters the contact system 100 (see the contact zone in ^ 3) to make cattle test τ field 4 stand ^ Q ^ to improve processing A crude product is formed. In some specific examples, the F_blade square and square .w 〇 can be located upstream or downstream of the desalination unit. After the execution of the king, the crude oil product was passed through the conduit to leave the contact system 1000: In the specific example of the right stem, the crude oil product was blended with the original duck oil. For example, crude oil and crude oil are combined to produce a mixture of ancient t Λ /, irrespective of viscosity, ... with a viscosity between the viscosity of the crude oil product and the viscosity of the crude oil. In ^ and ο, crude oil products can be blended with crude oils with different TANs. # 口 猎 此 This has a tan between Xi, 痗 and the crude oil TAN. deal with. Be careful. Production. The port may be suitable for conveying as shown in FIG. 5. In a specific tube 104, the crude oil feed is introduced into the contact system via a guide tube and at least a portion of the crude oil benefit leaves the contact system via 58 200535225 conduit 128 and is introduced into the blending zone i3. 〇. At least a portion of the crude oil product in the blending zone and / or multiple industrial productions: night stream (e.g., 'e.g.,' separation 'or naphtha produced from multiple crude feeds), crude oil, crude feeds' or The mixtures are combined to produce a blended $. An industrial production stream, crude oil feed, crude oil 'or a mixture thereof is directed via a conduit 132 into the blending zone U0 or upstream of such blending zone. The hybrid system may be located at or near the switching zone 130. Blended remote mouth can be λ Liren product σο τ Fuhe refinery and / or car carrier specified product specifications. Product specifications include, but are not limited to, the range or limitation of Aρι specific gravity, UN, viscosity, or a combination thereof. The blended product leaves the blending zone 1 30 for delivery or processing via a catheter ⑴. In FIG. 6, the inferior crude oil enters the separation zone 12 through the conduit, Shou g 122, and the inferior crude oil M π #, as described previously, is formed into a crude oil feed. The crude oil feed then enters the contact system 100 through the conduit 126. At least some of the components of the inferior crude oil leave the separation plutonium via the conduit 124. , Away from the knife away zone 120. At least a part of the crude oil product is pulled through a conduit [28], and the < > leaves the contact system 100 at 8 and enters the blending zone 130. Other industrial production fluids and / or crude oil # 胄 田 你 罝 or through the conduit 1 2 3 into the blending zone 1 3 0 and the crude oil products are connected to &. A blended product is produced. The blended product exits the blended zone 130 via a conduit 134. In several specific examples, ^, 丄, crude oil products and / or blended products are transferred to a refinery and / or processing equipment.屌… And very crude oil products and / or blended products can be processed to produce industrial products, such as transportation hoppers, “,, shaking, heating fuel, lubricants, or chemicals. Processing can include certain robes / buckets,… In some specific examples, crude oil products, blended products, and / or one or more fractions may be hydrotreated. 59 200535225 In the right dry specific example The crude oil product has a maximum TAN of 50%, a maximum of 鄕, or a gift. The original TAN. In some specific examples, the crude oil product has taN | to 70%, 30 to 60% , Or within the dry range of tan0 of 40 to 50% of the crude oil feed. In a specific embodiment, the crude oil product has a maximum of 1, a maximum of 0.5, a maximum of 0.3, a maximum of 0.2, and a maximum of 〇. 1, or a TAN of at most Z 0.05. The TAN of crude oil products is usually at least 0.1 and more commonly at least 0.001. In several specific examples, two of the crude oil products may be between 1 2 3 4 and 0.5, 0 · 0 to 0.2, or 0.05 to (M). In several specific examples, the crude oil product has The total Ni / V / Fe content is 90% at most, 50% at most, 10% at most, 5% at most, and 3% Nl / V / Fe content of crude oil feed. This crude product In several months and only examples, crude oil feeds with a total Ni / V / Fe content of 1 to 80%, 10 to 70%, 20 to 60/0 'or 30 to 500/0 Ni / V / Fe content range. In a specific embodiment, the crude oil product has between 1 × 10 g to 5 × 10 ″ g, 3 × 10 ～ 7 g to 2 × 1〇-5 per gram of crude oil product. Total Ni / v / fe content in the range of 1 gram or 1 X ⑺ 6 60 1 X 10 gram. In a specific embodiment, this crude oil contains a maximum of 2 x 10-5 grams of Ni / V / Fe. 2 & In the examples, the total Ni / V / Fe content of the crude oil product is 70 to π%, 80 to 120% or 90 to 110% of the Ni / V / Fe content of the crude oil feed. In some specific examples, crude oil products have organic acid metal salt form 4 with a total metal content of up to 90%, up to 50%, up to 10%, or 5% of organic acid metal in crude oil feed Total metal content in salt form. 5 ~ In the specific example, the crude oil product has the form of an organic acid metal salt. Gold 200535225 belongs to the total metal content of organic acid metal salt in the range of 1 to 80%, 10 to 70%, 20 to 60%, or 30 to the crude oil feed. It is often used to generate metal salts. Organic acids include, but are not limited to, carboxylic acids, acetols, imines, sulfonic acids, and sulfonates. Examples of carboxylic acids include, but are not limited to, cyclic acids, phenanthronic acids, and benzoic acids. The metal portion of the metal salt may include Test metals (such as bells, sodium and potassium), alkaline earth metals (such as magnesium, calcium and barium), column 12 metals (such as zinc and braid) 'column 15 metals (such as god), column 6 metals (such as Way), or a mixture of them.

In a specific embodiment, the total metal content of the crude oil product in the form of an organic acid metal salt per gram of crude oil product is $ 0.0000000 to 0.00005 grams per gram of crude oil product. G to 20,000 g, or 0.00001 g to 0.00001 g of metal in the form of a metal salt of an organic acid. In some specific examples, the metal content of the organic acid metal salt in the crude product is 70 to 130%, 80 to 120%, or 90 to 200% of the metal in the form of the organic acid metal salt in the crude oil feed. Total content. In certain specific examples, it touches 120%, 90 to 110%, or weight of the crude oil product produced. In specific examples, 15 to 30, or 16 to 25.

Under the contact conditions, the proportion of crude oil feed to catalyst API is $ 70 to 130%, and the API specific gravity of crude oil feed from 80 to 0 to 130/0 is MAP to crude oil product of M to 40. In the case of crude oil products with a maximum of 80/0, or a maximum of * 70% of crude oil feed, the crude oil products have a viscosity of / ° in a number of Feed — 61 200535225 When the viscosity of the crude oil product is at most 90%, the API weight of this crude oil product is 7. At the end of the post, 8: = 90% to 110% of the API weight of crude oil feed. ° 5 squares, in several specific examples, the crude oil product is 9. %, The maximum is 50%, and the total amount of diatoms produced is the most heteroatom of the feed ... A crude oil having a total content of at least 2% or more has a total heteroatom content of at least AP. Crude oil products have a total heteroatom content of 30% of the crude oil. In several specific examples, the crude oil production is 90%, up to 50%, and up to 1 mile. ... the sulfur content of. For a specific crude oil product, the crude oil product of 5/0 is, to ... In the example, the crude oil product has a furnace-containing denier #, which has a sulfur content of at least feed, or to>, which is 99% of the crude oil claw. In some specific examples, the sulfur content of the product is 70 to m%, 8G to 12G%. The sulfur content of the product is sulfur content. 5 90 to uo% of the crude oil feed is contained in the right dry specific example, and the crude oil production is up to 8. %, At most ... She contains horse aa 10 / ❶ or takes 5% of crude oil feed 3 lice. In specific specific 疋 10%-^ 30〇 / 〇; 17, ΐ〇Γ The total nitrogen content of the crude oil feed. 乂 is 嶋, or at least 4 99% in several specific examples. The crude oil product is 95 0 / 〇, up to 90 0 /, Tian Xi, A 3 Li The maximum number is w. The maximum number is 50%, the maximum number is 10%, or the maximum amount is: the test nitrogen content of the feed. In specific examples, the original test nitrogen content is at least 1% and at least 30%. The nitrogen content of at least 62 200535225 80% 'or at least 99% of the crude oil feed. In several specific examples, the oxygen content of 900 /, ^, W 3 may be up to 90 /., 50% maximum, maximum is The oxygen content of 30% 5% of the crude oil feed ... 4 10% 'or up to the right ... In the specific specific example, the crude oil product contains less than 1%, at least 3 ::, is 99 The oxygen content of crude oil feed is 4%, or at least the amount of oxygen-containing denier / c. In specific examples, the crude oil production ranges from 1 to 80% in milk and 1070% to 20% of 50%. The crude oil feed contains oxygen of 60 // 'or 30 to the crude m dry range. In some specific examples, 50%, at most-, or most, at most the content. In a specific specific example: == Medium ㈣ content is at least 1%, Man J, or Q ′ has a carboxylic acid compound total of 30%, at least 0 rv0 / in the crude oil feed ... The main 乂 is 80 / 〇, or at least 99% of the total fat compound content. Servant: In the specific example of the right stem, there are selected in the reducible crude oil feed! η compound. In several specific examples: "Organic milk, non-carboxylic acid, organic oxygen, dicarboxylic acid, and / or acid salt can be combined with the acid and non-carboxylic acid. ',',. Crude products contain carboxyl

The branched milk compound can be identified by infrared analysis, so-called spectroscopy, and known spectroscopy (such as product identification. Jin and / or wind phase chromatography) by analyzing crude oil. %, The maximum is 80%, "Yan has the maximum oxygen content of the material, and the maximum oxygen content is 7%, 7G%, or 50% of the crude oil, and the crude product has a TAN of 70%. %, Up to 4 4 90%, up to a specific specific example: or TAN of 40% of the crude oil feed. Therefore, the crude oil product has an oxygen content of at least 1%, at least 63 200535225 is 30% 'at least 80%, or at least 99% of the original and this crude oil product has Ding AN of at least 10 // 3 milky 'Wang Xiju 1 / 〇, at least 30¾, at least or 80%, or at least 99% The tan of the crude oil feed. For this reason, the crude oil product can have tartaric acid and / or acidic metal oil. The maximum feedstock is rhenium, up to 70%, and the maximum is: ul. m%, ^ to 120%, or 905 1 110 / -V m 90 to 110 / 〇 crude oil feed in the range containing non-carboxylic acid compounds.

In several specific examples, the crude oil product contains, in its molecular structure, from 0.05 to 0.15 g or 0.09 to 013 g of gas per gram of crude product. This crude oil product may include in its molecular structure U to 0.9 g or 0.82 i 0.88 carbon per gram of crude product. The atomic hydrogen to atomic carbon ratio (H / C) of the crude product may be in the range of 70 to 130%, 80 to 120%, or 90 to u0% of the atomic H / C ratio of the raw / field feed . The original + H / c ratio of crude oil products in the range of atomic H / C ratio of 1 () to 3 ()% of crude oil feed shows

The hydrogen absorbed and / or consumed during the process is relatively small, and / or the hydrogen system produces on-site crude oil products containing components in a certain boiling point range. In some specific examples, the crude oil product contains at least 1 gram per gram of crude oil product, or a boiling range distribution of 0.001 to 0.5 gram is at most} ⑼1 MPa. c hydrocarbons, with a boiling range of at least 0.001 g, or 0.001 to 0.5 g, distributed at 0 ·]. Hydrocarbons between 100,000 and 2000c at MPa; boiling range distributions of at least 0.001 g or 0.001 to 0.5 g at between 0.1 g and 3 g at 0.11 MPa 〇. L between 0, at least 0.001 g, or a hydrocarbon having a boiling range distribution of 0.101 64 200535225 MPa between 300 ° C and 400 ° C at 0.101 64 200535225 MPa; and at least 0.001 g, or 0.001 to 0.5 grams of hydrocarbons with a boiling range distribution of 0.1 (H MPa between 4000 and 538 ° C. In several specific examples, the crude product contains at least 0.001 grams of boiling per gram of crude product Hydrocarbons with a maximum range distribution at 0 · 101 MPa and / or at least 0.001 grams of hydrocarbons with a boiling range distribution between 100 ° C and 200 ° C at 0101 MPa.

In several specific examples, the crude product may contain at least 0.001 g, or at least 0.001 g of naphtha per gram of crude product. In other specific examples, the crude product may have a naphtha content of up to 0.6 g, or up to 0.8 g per gram of crude product. In the specific example on the right, the crude oil product has a distillate content of 70130 / 0'80 to 12G%, or a distillate content of 90 to UG% of the crude oil feed fraction content of crude oil products per gram of crude oil product. The amount can be in the range of 0.001 to 0.3 g, or 0.001 to 0.3 g.

In a specific embodiment, the crude product has a VG

13 ％ '80 to 120%, or 90 to u 3 is 70i 忒 川 主 110 /. The amount of VG0 of the crude oil feed. In the specific example, the crude oil product is produced per gram of crude oil. .8 grams, 〇. 01 to, 5 grams, or ㈣ …… ,:

VG0 content in the range of 0.001 to 0.3 g. S In several specific examples, the crude oil product has 130%, 80 to 120%, or a residue of 705 ^ ^ 〇 / 〇 crude oil feed contains:. This crude oil product may have 0 grams, gram to G · 5 grams, gram to heart per gram of crude oil products, please 65 200535225 0.005 to 0.2 grams, or 0.01 to Xiuke within the specific examples of consumption In the beginning, the original crude product of the original Ranbuchi series B has a Mcr content of 130/0, 80 to 120%, or 90 to n lichuanchuan to the original 'from the feed p | amount' while the crude product Crude oil with c5 asphaltene content of up to 80%, or up to 4 50%:%, up to 5% of green content. In the concrete example, the f content i of the crude oil feed is less than 70 / °, the c5 asphaltene of the crude oil feed contains rhenium, and the MCR content of the same crude oil product is 10 to 30%.

^ ^ r FI r ^ n within the MCR range of crude oil feed. In a few specific examples, the sound of the entrance door is ▲ Minor / C5, which is located at the same time, while maintaining the stability of the mcr feed / total product mixture that is relatively stable. Stomach plus crude oil into

= In the dry example, 'combinable c5' f content and MCR order = produces a mathematical relationship between crude oil products ^ cents compared to high viscosity components in crude oil feeds. For example, c of crude oil feeds The sum of the 1 mass content and the MCR content of the crude oil feed can be expressed as s. The sum of the original C5 asphaltene content and the MCR content of the crude oil product can be expressed as a comparison of these sums (s' and _ The amount of radon reduction of high viscosity components in the feed. S of crude oil products can be in the range of 1 to 99%, 10 to 90%, or 2 = S. In several specific examples, the content of crude oil products and Cs asphaltenes The content ratio is in the range of ι.0 to 3 〇, 12 to 2 〇, or ^ to 1 · 9. In a specific embodiment, the crude product has an MCR content of at most 0 / 〇 and at most 80%, at most 50% or up to 10% of the MCR content of the crude oil feed. In some specific examples, the 'crude oil product has an MCR content of 66 200535225 and the amount is between 丨 and 80%, 10 to 70%, 20 to 60%, or 30 to 5 The MCR of the crude oil feed is within the range of the Fe. The crude oil product contains 0.00001 per gram of crude oil product in several specific examples. (M grams, 005 to 008 grams, or MCR of 0.01 to 0.005 grams. In several specific examples, the crude product contains greater than 0 grams 'but less than 0.005 grams' per gram of crude product. o.oooool to 0.0001 grams, or oooool to 0.0001 grams of total catalyst. The catalyst can help stabilize crude oil products during rotation and / or processing. The catalyst can inhibit corrosion, inhibit friction, and / Or enhance the water-separation capacity of the crude oil product. The method described herein can be configured to add one or more of the catalysts described herein to the crude oil product during processing. The crude oil product produced in contact with the contact system 100 has Different properties of the material. Such properties may include, but are not limited to, a) reducing TAN; b) reducing viscosity; c) reducing total Ni / V / Fe content; d) reducing sulfur, oxygen, nitrogen, or The combined content, · e) reduced residue content; f) reduced C5 asphaltene content; g) reduced MCR content; h) increased API specific gravity; i) reduced metal content of organic acid metal salt form; Or J) combinations thereof. In several specific examples, one or more properties of the crude oil product It can be selectively changed compared to the crude oil feed, while other properties have not changed as much or are essentially unchanged. For example, it may be desirable to selectively reduce only the TAN in a crude oil feed without significant changes The amount of other components (such as sulfur, residues, Ni / V / Fe, or VGO). In this way, the hydrogen uptake during the contact can be "concentrated" with a decrease in TAN without acting on other components Reduction. Therefore, although less hydrogen is used, the TAN of the crude oil feed can still be reduced because a smaller amount of this hydrogen will also be used to reduce other components in the crude oil feed. For example, if inferior crudes have a high TAN 'but sulfur content is acceptable for processing and / or transportation specifications, then such crude feeds can be processed more efficiently to reduce TAN without reducing sulfur as well. The catalyst used in one or more embodiments of the present invention may include one or more bulk metals and / or one or more metals on a carrier. The metal may be in the form of an element or in the form of a metal compound. The catalysts described herein can be introduced into the contact zone in the form of precursors and then become active catalysts in the contact zone (for example, when sulfur and / or sulfur-containing crude oil feeds come into contact with the precursors). The catalyst or catalyst combination used as described herein may or may not be a commercial catalyst. Examples of commercial catalysts used in this article include HDS3; HDS22; HDN60; C234; C3 11; C344; C411; C424; C3 44; C444; C447; C454; C448; C524; C534; DN110; DN120; DN130; DN140; DN190; DN200; DN800; DN2118; DN23 18; DN3100; DN3110; DN3300; DN3310; RC400; RC410;

RN412; RN400; RN420; RN440; RN450; RN650; RN5210; RN5610; RN5650; RM430; RM5030; Z603; Z623; Z673; Z703; Z713; Z723; Z7 53; and Z7 63, which are available from CRI International, Inc. (Houston, Texas, USA.) In a few specific examples, the catalyst used to modify the properties of the crude oil feed comprises one or more of the columns 5 to 10 metals on the carrier. Columns 5 to 10 include, but are not limited to, hungry, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, ferrous, tin, baht, iron, cobalt, copper, ruthenium, barium, rhenium, iron, rhenium, platinum, or mixtures thereof. The catalyst may have at least 0.0001 grams, at least 0.001 grams, at least 0.016 200535225 grams per gram of catalyst, or 0.0000 to 0.6 grams, 0.005 to 0.3 grams, 0.0001 to 〇i grams, or 0.01 ri · 0.08 grams of total metal content in columns 5 to 10. In a few specific examples, the catalyst contains elements other than metals in columns 5 to 10, and examples of element 1 and element 1 $ include element scales. The catalyst may have a total content of 15th element in a range of 0.0000000 to 0 g, 0.00001 to 0-6 g, 0.00005 to 0.03 g, or 0.0001 to 0 per gram of catalyst. ⑽ Within 1 gram. In a specific embodiment, the catalyst includes a sixth metal. The catalyst is in

4 of the master gram catalysts have at least 0.0001 grams, at least 0.001 strike Wang Xi grams, at least 0 grams and / or between 0.0001 to 0-6 grams, 0.001 to 〇3 grams, 005 grams, or 0.01 to 0.00 · The total content of the 6th metal in 0.8g. In the hard work example, the catalyst contained 0.0001 to 0.006 specific and j barrier metals per gram of catalyst. In some specific examples, the catalyst contains elements in column 15 in addition to metal 6 in column 6. In some specific examples, the catalyst includes a combination of the sixth metal and one or more metals in columns 5 or 7 to 10. 6th Block Metal

Moore ratios for metal blocking can range from 01 to 20, 1 to 10, or 2 to $. The molar ratio of the metal in column 6 to the metal in columns 7 to 10 may be in the range of 0.1 to target 1 to 10, or 2 to 5. In some specific examples, in addition to the combination of metal in column 6 and one or more of columns 5 and / or 7 to 10 = f, column 15 elements are also included. For other specific gold catalysts, the 6th metal and the 10th metal are included. The molar ratio of the total amount in the catalyst to the total amount of the metal in column 6 can be in the range of from 0 to 0, or from $ to 1 year old ^. In a specific specific example, „contains the 5th metal white column 1 69 200535225 metal. The catalyst ’s 10th metal total ^ ^ /, the 5th column metal total molar ratio can be 1 to 10, or 2 Within the range of 5. In some specific examples, the 5th to ^^,, M_Meng system is incorporated or deposited on the carrier to form a catalyst. In some specific examples, it belongs to the element of column 15 The combination is combined and the column of gold is incorporated or accumulated on the carrier to form a catalyst. In the case of metals and / or elements supported, and in a specific example, the weight of the catalyst includes all carriers, all metals and All Yuan Xin, Diao, and Wusu 5hai carriers can be porous and

It can include refractory oxides, porous carbon-based materials, Buddhist stones, or potting oxides. The refractory oxides can include, but are not limited to, oxidized oxide, oxidized stone, oxidized aluminum, titanium oxide, hafnium oxide, Oxidation of π-butadiene signifies a compound A with this compound. Carriers can be purchased from industrial garment manufacturers, such as Cntenon CataIysts and Ding_0010_ LP (Houston, Texas, ".A). Porous carbon-based materials include, limited to activated carbon and / or porous graphite. Frozen stone Examples include zeolite gamma, mordenite, zeolite-5, and magnesite. Zeolites are available from industrial manufacturers, such as Zeolyst (Va'ey Foge, pennsylvama, μ q,

The carrier is prepared in several specific examples so that the carrier has an average pore size of at least 15 ^ A ', at least 17G A, or at least 18G A. In certain cases, the carrier is prepared by forming a slurry of the carrier. In several examples ' acid is added to the slurry to facilitate crowd extrusion. Water and diluent are added in the required amount and by the required method to provide the desired consistency of the extruded slurry. Examples of acids include, but are not limited to, nitric acid :, acids, sulfuric acid, and hydrochloric acid. The slurry can be extruded and cut using commonly known catalyst extrusion and catalyst cutting methods to form an extrudate. The extrudate may be heat treated at a temperature in the range of 5 to 26 ° It " 3 乂 8 5 70 200535225 to 235 t: for a period of time (eg ο ″ to $ hours) and / or until the humidity of the extrudate Until the desired value is reached. Heat treated extrudates can range from 800 to 1200. . Or 900 to 1100. . Further heat treatment is performed at a temperature within the range to form a support having an average pore diameter of at least 150 Å. In a specific embodiment, the support comprises gamma alumina, hafnium alumina, § alumina, alpha alumina, or a mixture thereof. The amount of gamma alumina, 3 alumina, alumina, or a mixture thereof per gram of the catalyst carrier may be in the range of 0 0001 to 0.99 g and 0.001 to 0.5 g, in the range of Η (Η to 〇, gram, or The maximum is 0 g, which is determined by X-ray diffraction. In some specific examples, the carrier contains alumina alone or in combination with other forms of alumina. The content of alumina is 0.1 to 0.99 g per gram of carrier. 5 to 0.9 g, or 0.6 to 0.8 g, which is determined by X-ray diffraction. In some specific examples, the carrier may contain at least 0.1 g, at least 0.3 g, at least 0.5 Grams, or at least 0.8 grams of Θ alumina, which is determined by X-ray diffraction. The supported catalyst can be prepared using commonly known catalyst preparation techniques. Examples of catalyst A preparation methods are described in US Patent No. 6,218,333 to Gabrieiov et al., 6,290,841 to Gabrielov et al .; 5,744,025 'to Boon et al. And US Patent Application Publication No. 200301 1 1391 to Bhan. In several specific examples In the case, the carrier can be impregnated with metal to form a catalyst. Before the metal is impregnated, the carrier is heat-treated at a temperature in the range of 400 to 12000C '450 to 1000 ° C, or 600 to 900 ° C. In several specific examples, the impregnation aid The agent can be used during the preparation of catalyst 71 200535225. Examples of impregnation aids include citric acid (EDTA), ammonia, or mixtures thereof. Ethylamine, tetraethylamine, etc. In specific examples, the catalyst can be borrowed or replaced It has been said that it is formed by adding P to the carrier mixture of 10 to 10 ... / carrier mixture ("covering,"). Covering the top surface of the heat-treated formed carrier with a uniform concentration of metal usually gives ^ Zijun After forming the metal, the formed carrier is heat-treated in the mother-in-person direction. The method of preparing the catalyst by using the tilt method with "ms" to improve the catalytic activity of the catalyst is described in the US patent issued in the US 2GG3G111391. The 5 to 10 metal and carrier can be mixed with a suitable mixing device to form the metal to the carrier. The 5 to 10 metal / carrier scoop is mixed with the appropriate mixing device.丨 When the hybrid equipment example two "same, Fixed shell or tank, grinding mixer (such as batch or continuous), impact 忒, early man butterfly, B #%, and can form the 5th to 10th metal / moon bean heart 5 The properties of the material are specific. Second, they are generally known mixers or generally known devices. In the example, the materials are mixed until the 5th to 10th metal solid shells are uniformly dispersed in the carrier. 150 to bu, 、, 口 口 脰 ”to / Shu Zhiluo C, 200 to 740. (:, or Wen Yougan, which is heat treated at 400 to 730 degrees, in the specific implementation example, after the carrier and metal are combined In order to make the catalyst 5 0 2 ^ -7…. In the case of Fang Qi 卞 Qing Ding, the catalyst can be heated in hot air and / or oxygen-enriched 'I & ^

In the following, -NI 7 hot air and / or Hua L treatment, V · 1 ν / νυ ^ (1J H 0'J / ML block metal if more volatile substances' in order to make at least-part of the The corresponding metal oxide is formed. ^ ¥, ′ treatment at a temperature in the range of 400 ° C and 1000 ° C, η in M,-10 10 200535225 However, in other specific examples, the catalyst can be in In the presence of air, heat treatment at a temperature in the range of h to 500 t (for example, less than 300 t, less than 400 t or less than 500 '= range of 3 hours: between, To remove most of the volatiles without making the 5th inch 1 U gold

Genera are converted into metal oxides. Catalysts prepared by this method are often referred to as "uncalcined" catalysts. When combined in this way to form a sulfide method: When the catalyst is prepared, the active metal can be substantially dispersed in the carrier. The preparation of such catalysts is described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,218,333 issued to Gabriel Ov. Et al. In a specific embodiment, the theta oxide support can be combined with the 5th to the 3rd metal to form a Θ alumina support / the 5th to the 10th metal mixture. The alumina support / metal mixtures from 5 to 10 can be at least 400. Heat treatment is performed at a moderate temperature to form a pore size distribution medium having a median pore size of at least < A. Typically, this type of heat treatment is up to 12 Torr. c.

In some specific examples, the carrier (commercial carrier or carrier prepared as described herein) may be combined with a supported catalyst and / or a bulk metal catalyst. In some specific examples, the supported catalyst may include a 1 ”metal. For example, the supported catalyst and / or bulk metal catalyst may be crushed to an average particle size of 5 to 50 microns, 2 to 45 microns, a powder of 5 5 zm aw, ^ 40 μm. This powder can be combined with a carrier to form a burial catalyst @ ν.Λ ^ 乂 小 风 里 八 孟 catalyst. In several specific examples The powder can be combined with a carrier 'and then extruded using standard techniques to form a catalyst having a pore size distribution with a median pore size in the range of 80 to 200 A or 90 to 180, or 120 to 13 OA. 73 200535225 The catalyst and the carrier are in contact with the carrier in several specific examples. The metal is present on the surface of the buried metal catalyst: at least-in part), which results in less on the surface than those embedded in the carrier by 1 °. In some specific cases: Metal catalysts with less metal will extend the life of the catalyst and / or the metal of the preparation knife will be transferred to the medium and crude oil due to the fact that at least the catalyst surface is allowed during the use period. Money on the catalyst surface during contact with metals. / Or mixed catalyst components on the surface of Ruozhong catalyst. The structure of the metal in column 6 in the crystal structure of the emulsion is the sixth and sixth in the cis-diode structure. ::? Order. "The order of blocking the metal ^ X-ray diffraction is determined. Compared with the order of the metal elements in the metal oxide, the order of the W element in the catalyst, which is now wy, and the compound, can be compared by comparing the X-ray diffraction light of the oxide in column 6 It is determined by the order of the sixth metal peak in the emission spectrum of the catalyst line. From the broadening of the 6th metal-related pattern and / or the absence of a pattern in the fish χ = line diffraction spectrum, it can be estimated that the first metal is substantially randomly arranged in the crystal structure. The best example is σ molybdenum monoxide and an oxide carrier with a median pore size of at least 1 80 A, which can be combined to form an oxidation | s / trioxo oil mixture. Trioxide has a well-defined pattern (for example, clear d] 〇〇, D2 ..., and / or D has a peak). The oxide / Sixth oxide mixture can be processed at least 538 planes) to produce catalysts that do not show molybdenum dioxide patterns in the X-ray diffraction spectrum (for example, without Dioo peaks). In several specific examples, the catalyst may be characterized by a pore structure. The parameters of various pore structures include, but are not limited to, pore size, pore volume, surface area, 74 200535225, or a combination thereof. The catalyst may have a total pore size distribution as opposed to a pore size. The median pore size of the pore size distribution can range from 30 to 100 A, 50 to 500 A, or 60 to 300 A. In the example of the bitter right, the catalyst containing at least 0.5 grams of alumina in the mother gram catalyst has a median pore size of 60 to 2000 A; 90 = 180 A, 100 to 140 A , Or a pore size distribution in the range of 120 to 10,000. In other specific examples, the catalyst containing at least grams of oxidized gram per gram of catalyst has a pore size distribution with a median pore diameter ranging from 180 to 500 A, 200 to 300 A, or 230 to 250 people. In several specific examples, the median pore size of the pore size distribution is at least 120 A, at least 150 a, 'at least 180 people, at least 200 A, at least 220 A, at least 230 A, or at least 300 A . Such median pore sizes are typically up to 1000 A. The catalyst may have a pore size distribution with a median pore size of at least 60 A or at least 90 persons. In some specific examples, the catalyst has a pore size distribution with a median pore size ranging from 90 to 80 people, 100 to 140 A, or 120 to 130 people, and at least 60% of the total number of pores in the pore size distribution has Apertures in the median aperture range of 45 A, 35 A, or 25 people. In a specific example, the catalyst has a pore size distribution with a median pore size in the range of 70 to 180 A, and at least 60% of the total pore size in the pore size distribution has 45 A, 35 A, as x ^,-乂 25 A Aperture within the median aperture range. In specific examples where the median pore size of the pore size distribution is at least 180A, $ + 4, soil v 200A, or at least 2 3 0 A, more than 60% of the total number of pores in τ has 50 A, 70 A, or 90 A pore size within the φ a heart apex range. In some specific examples, the catalyst has a median-I of 1 to 80 to 500 A, 200 to 400 A, or 230 to 300 A. R ~ The pore size in Xinhuaiwei is 75 200535225. At least 60% of the total number of pores have a pore size in the range of 50, 70, or 90 people. In some specific examples, the pore volume of the 'pore may be at least 0.3 cm3 / g, at least 0.7 cm3 / g, or at least 0.9 cmVg. In specific examples, the pore volume of the pores may be in the range of 0.3 to 0.99 cmVg, 0.4 to 0.8 cm3 / g, or 0.5 to 0.7 cm3 / g. The pore size distribution has a median pore size in the range of 90 to 180 people

The media may have a surface area of at least 100 m2 / g, at least m / g, at least 170 mVg, at least 22 m2 / g, or at least 27 m in several specific examples. Such surface areas can range from 100 to 300 'i20 to 2 m 2 / g, 130 to 250 m 2 / g, or 170 to 2200 m 2 / g. In a specific embodiment, a catalyst having a pore size distribution with a median pore size in the range of i 80 to 300 A may have at least 60 m2 / g, at least nWg, at least 100 m2 / g, at least A surface area of 120 m2 / g, or at least 27 claws 2 ^. Such surface area can be in the range of 60 to 300 mVg, 90 to 28 η% '100 to 270 m2 / g, or 120 to 250 m2 / g.

In a specific embodiment, the catalyst exists in a shaped form, such as a pellet, a cylindrical shape, and / or an extrudate. The catalyst typically has a flat plate in the range of M 500 N / cm, 60 to 400 N / cm, 100 to 35 N / cm, to N / cm, or 220 to 280 N / cm. Breaking strength. In several specific examples, catalysts and / or catalyst precursors use this: Techniques known in the technology (such as acticatTM method, cri plus coffee such as 0 called Inc.) are vulcanized to form metal sulfides (in the case of use The catalyst can be dried and then vulcanized. Alternatively, the catalyst can be vulcanized on site by contacting the crude oil feed of ^ 76 200535225 six sulfur a 3 sulfur compounds. On-site sulfur 7 can use gaseous hydrogen sulfide in the presence of hydrogen, Or liquid-phase vulcanizing agents, such as = organic stone: compounds (including sulfenyl, polysulfide compounds, thiols, and maple). Each external chemical system is described in U.S. Patent No. 468,372 issued to Seamans et al., And awarded to Seamans et al. 5,688,736. In a specific embodiment, the type _ catalyst ("the first catalyst,") contains the 5 i 1G metal that is bound to the carrier and has a median pore size in the The pore size distribution within the range of 150. The first catalyst may have a surface area of at least 100 j. The pore volume of the first catalyst may be at least. The catalyst may have a gamma alumina content of At least the first gram of gamma oxide in a catalyst is typically the most It is the oxidant of gram of U state. A kind of catalyst has 实例 & 4 in the range of qg〇i to u · 1 gram per gram of catalyst in several specific examples. Catalyst can remove part of crude oil feed

A, 1 / V / Fe 'Remove a part of the TAN that caused the crude oil feed, remove the eyebrow, upper, and upper "^ # ^ ^ ^” At least a part of the C5 asphaltene in the feed, Except for the metal in the form of organic acid metal salt of + _ Λ type Gan Λ ^ -4- in the crude oil feed, the second combination. When the crude oil is fed into a catalyst such as Ba Shi 7 Shi Xing Di, other properties (such as Sulfur content, VG0 content, may only show quite little: specific gravity, residue content, or a combination of them). It can selectively change the crude oil feed ^ t scallop while only quite Changing the other properties of farmers and farmers LL can allow more efficient processing of crude oil feed. Few specific examples, one or more of the first catalyst can be used in any order. X EXAMPLE A A Xi Jingle Specified in specific examples, the 5th type-catalyst (12 catalysts) combined with the carrier contains 10 metal ions with a median pore diameter ranging from 90 to 180 77 200535225 A Knife cloth The pore size distribution of the two catalysts is from $ | 60% of the total number of holes in A knife cloth The contact between the crude oil feed and the second catalyst under the contact conditions of pores and rugs in the median pore size range of less A can be compared with the same properties of suitable feed, and There are some changes in the selection of crude oil products, but at the same time other properties have only a few w ~ m raw shellfish (such as TAN) shellfish, crude oil products with J set changes. In the example, a hydrogen source may be present during the contact. 、 Dry-penetration The second type can reduce at least the components of tan that cause crude oil feed, and at least some of the components that cause relatively high viscosity.

Ni / V / F denier of at least a part of the material. , 乂 crude oil production. In addition, the contact of the second catalyst in the crude oil feed tray can produce a relatively small amount of changed crude oil product compared to the sulfur content of the crude oil feed. For example, it is convenient to say that the crude oil product may have crude oil containing Guali in an amount of 70/0 to 130/0, and Shishili in Shisui. Compared with the crude oil feed, the crude oil product may show only a small amount of change in the crane content, VG0 content in the first and the third knife, and the residue content.

In some specific examples, the crude oil feed may have a relatively low core content (for example, up to 50 wtppm), but a relatively high metal content in the form of tan, oligocyanine, or organic acid metal salt. . A relatively high ταν (e.g. at least G.3 #TAN) may make crude feed unacceptable for transport and / or refining. Has relatively high. Inferior crudes with asphaltene content may show lower stability during processing / months than other crudes with relatively low I asphaltene content. The contact between the crude oil feed and the second catalyst can remove acid components and / or C5 asphaltenes that cause TAN in the crude oil feed. In some cases, reducing the C5 asphaltenes and / or the constituents that cause TAN compared to the viscosity of the original feedstock may reduce the viscosity of the crude oil feed / total product mixture. In certain specific examples, it is used to handle the stability of the crude oil mixture described herein, increasing the minimum net uptake. One or more combinations of the first catalyst are available every feeding day, which can increase the life of the total product / crude oil production medium, and provide the hydrogen for the crude oil feed so that the carrier and column 6 are all media ("the third catalyst ，，) ”襕 genus and genus combined to produce a catalyst precursor and the precursor may be-or more containing sulfur vulcanized in the contact μ μ], the evaluation is below 500. (

^ If the temperature is as low as mc), it is heated for a relatively short period of time to: the third catalyst that has been red. Typically, at least _ hours before the catalyst. For a specific :: Each gram of catalyst may have a content of 15th element in the range of 0.001 to 2 grams of catalyst in the range of υ υ · 〇3 grams, 0.005 to 0.002 grams, and _ to 0.01 grams. The third catalyst, Tian, is used to deal with the problems described in this article, and it can show significant living thoughts. In several specific examples, the catalyst precursor is heated in the presence of one or more sulfur compounds at a temperature below _t.

The first kind of catalyst can reduce at least a part of the loss of the crude oil feed into a knife. At least part of the metal in the form of a metal salt of an organic acid, reduces the N1 / V / Fe content of the crude oil product, and reduces the crude oil product. Viscosity. In addition, the contact between the crude oil feed and the second catalyst can produce a crude oil product that has a relatively small change in the sulfur content of the crude oil feed and a relatively small sulfur content and the relative hydrogen content of the crude oil feed. For example, t, the crude oil product may have a sulfur content of 70% to 130% of the crude oil feed. Compared with the crude oil feed, the crude product produced using the third catalyst may have a specific gravity, crane fraction, VGO content, and residue content that may only show considerable 79 200535225 :: lower crude oil feed The amount of the organic acid metal salt form, and its viscosity, and the ability to change the AH specific gravity, fraction content, VGO content, and residue content only a small amount at the same time allow crude oil products to be used in various processing equipment. One or two catalysts can reduce the MCR content of at least ^ of the crude oil feed in several specific examples, while maintaining the stability of the crude oil feed / total product. In the specific example, the third catalyst is per gram. The catalyst may have a metal content of 6th in a dry range of M · _1 to 0.1 g, 0.005 to 0.05 g, or 0.001 to 0 g, and 5 g to 5 g in G? . Columns of metal in columns 10 and 6 and 10 in the range of 0.001 to 0.01 g can promote a reduction in temperature and temperature of at least a portion of 300 and 350 to 450 C. ”To 1 () M] 21 qa, or a component that causes MCR in the crude oil feed at a pressure in the range of 2 to 5 MPa. Disk & In a specific embodiment, the fourth type of catalyst ("the fourth type of catalyst,") contains a column 5 metal bound by an alumina support. The fourth type of catalyst has a median 孑 L; [present 5 small Let ^ be the pore size distribution of 180 A. In some specific examples, the fourth catalyst rU, ′, and pore size can be at least 220 A, at least 230 A, at least 250, and ten, 〇 ^ at least 3 〇〇A. The carrier may contain at least grams, at least 0.5 grams, at least 0.8 grams, or at least 0-9 grams of θ oxidation per gram of carrier! Lv ^ 0 catalysts can be used in several specific examples Contains up to 5 grams of metal per gram of catalyst, and at least 0.0001 grams of metal in column 5 per gram of catalyst. In specific examples, the metal in column 5 is vanadium. After contact with the fourth catalyst, crude oil 200535225. The first contact. The additional catalyst can be the following-or more. Brother-a catalyst, a second catalyst, and / or a fifth catalyst Medium, the sixth type of catalyst, the four types of catalyst, the product type catalyst, or a combination of them. In the example, the gas can be generated during the contact period from 3. to 4. 1; 2 () to 3 at the temperature of the original 8: feed and the fourth catalyst. From this type of connection = ΓΓ 'or 330 Up to 370 ... The crude oil products produced by contact may have TAN, at most 80%, at most 50%, or at most 10% of the crude oil entering TAN. Hydrogen generation can be at] 50Nm3 / m3, 1〇 to 仂

Nm3 / m3 'or 15 to 25_'3. Crude products can present a total N " V / Fe content of up to 9 ()%, up to sail, up to dove, up to view, up to 10%, or at least 1% of crude oil into Ni / V / Fe content . ~ Cat.5 catalysts in certain specific examples ("Fifth Catalyst") contain column 6 metal in combination with Θ alumina support. The fifth catalyst has a pore size distribution with a median pore size of at least 180 A, at least 220 A, at least 230 A, at least 250 A, at least 300 A, or at most 500 A. The carrier may contain at least 0.1 g, at least 0.05 g, or at least 0-999 g of gadolinium oxide per gram of carrier. In some specific examples, the carrier has an alpha alumina with an oxide content of less than 0.1 g per gram of catalyst. In some specific examples, the catalyst contains a maximum of 6 grams of metal per gram of catalyst, and at least 0.0001 grams of 6th metal per gram of catalyst. In some specific examples, the sixth metal is molybdenum and / or tungsten. In a specific embodiment, when the crude oil feed and the fifth catalyst are contacted at a temperature of 3i 〇81 200535225 to 400 C '320 to 370 ° C' or 330 to 3 60 t: hydrogen of crude oil feed The net uptake may be quite low (e.g. 0.1 to 100 Nm / m '1 to 80 Nm3 / m3, 5 to 50 Nm3 / m3, or 10 to 30.

Nm3 / m3). The net uptake of hydrogen from the crude feed is available in several specific examples! To 20 Nm3 / m3 '2 to 15 Nm3 / m3, or 3 to 10 Nm3 / m3. The crude oil product produced by contacting the crude oil feed with the fifth catalyst may have a TAN of up to 90/0, a maximum of 80%, a maximum of 50%, or a maximum TAN of the crude feed. The TAN of the crude product may be in the range of 0.001 to 0.003, 0.03 to 0.05, or 0.02 to 0.003. In a specific embodiment, the sixth type of catalyst ("the sixth type of catalyst,") contains 帛 5 metal and 6 metal in combination with Θ alumina support. The sixth type = media has a median pore size of at least $ ⑽A's pore size distribution. In several specific examples, the median pore size of the pore size distribution can be at least 22 A, up to 1 A, at least 3. ", or up to 5. The beta carrier may contain at least 0 "grams, at least 0.05 grams, at least 0.08 grams per kilogram of carrier: 0.9 grams less, or at most. .99 grams of tritium oxide. In the specific example of the carrier, the total amount of the metal and the 6th metal per gram of the catalyst may be included, and the amount of the metal and the 6th metal per gram of the catalyst is at least 0. The total amount of bar metal. In some specific examples, the molar ratio of the total amount of the small metal to the total amount of the fifth metal may be in the range of 0-1 to 20 or 2 to 5. In a specific embodiment, the 5th bar is sharp and the 6th bar metal is molybdenum and / or tungsten. The sixth catalyst is expected to pass through 310. c, 32 to 37 ° coffee to 360. (3) When contacted at the temperature, the net of the crude feed gas is 82 200535225. The absorption can be between · 10 Nm3 / m3 to 20 Nm3 / m3, · 7 Nm3 / m3 to 10NmVm3 'or -5 Nm3 / m3 to 5 Nm3 / m3. In the range. Negative value of hydrogen == signs produced on site. The crude oil product is connected with the sixth catalyst: the crude oil product can have a TAN of 90% at most, 80% at most, 50% at most, 1G% at most, or at least 1% of the crude oil feed. Alas. The TAN of the crude product may be in the range of 0.001 to 0.001, 005 to 0.05, and 0.004. A small net uptake of lice during contact of the crude feed with the fourth, fifth, or sixth catalyst will reduce the overall demand for hydrogen during processing to produce and / or process acceptable crude oil products. Because the cost of producing and / or transporting hydrogen is expensive, minimizing the use of plutonium in the process will reduce the overall processing cost. "In a specific specific example, the seventh type of catalyst (" the seventh catalyst ") has a total content of 6th metal in the 6th metal barrier per gram of catalyst from 0.0001 to 0.06 grams. Within the range of 帛 6 櫊 metal is molybdenum and / or tungsten. The seventh catalyst is beneficial for the production of crude oil products with TAN with a maximum of TAN of 90% of the crude oil feed. '' The first, second, and Other specific examples of the three, fourth, fifth, sixth, and seventh catalysts can also be manufactured and / or used as described elsewhere herein. Select the catalyst and control operating conditions for this application Crude oil products with altered TAN and / or selected properties compared to the crude oil feed can be tolerated while other properties of the crude oil feed are not significantly changed. The resulting crude oil products may have enhanced properties compared to the crude oil feed, and therefore more For transportation and / or refinement 83 200535225 can be accepted by the refinery. Properties I; Si Γ sequence configuration of two or more catalysts can control the arrival of crude oil feed; a sequence. For example, 'TAN in crude oil feed, Specific gravity of API, part of c5 asphaltene, at least one, β / S, iron knife 1, at least a portion of "or to >, - V portion can be reduced in the crude feed at least - before the reduction heteroatoms. ν 4 points and / or Λ and / or the selection of catalysts can improve the life of the catalysts in several specific examples. Catalysts: Stability of two materials / total product mixture. Increasing the stability of the contact plant and / or crude oil feed / total product mixture during processing may allow operation for at least 3 months, at least 6 months, or at least 丨 years without changing the catalyst in the contact zone. Combined with the selected catalyst, before the other properties of the crude oil feed are changed, the amount of Ni / V / Fe in the crude oil feed is at least a part, at least a part of the c5 asphalt shellfish is at least part of the organic acid metal salt form. Metal, at least a part of the constituents of Ding AN, the residues of $ w, +, sip, or a combination thereof are reduced, and at the same time, the stability of the crude oil feed / total product mixture is maintained during processing

(E.g. keep the P value of the crude feed south of 1,5). Alternatively, 〇: 5 asphaltene, TAN, and / or API proportions can be buried E +. The ability to refine the gradual and / or selective change in the properties of the crude feed by the contact of the crude feed with the selected catalyst may allow the stability of the crude feed / total product mixture to be maintained during processing. In several specific examples, the first catalyst (the above) can be configured in Media upstream. This configuration of the first catalyst allows the removal of high molecular weight wood, metal contaminants, and / or metals in the form of metal salts of organic acids, maintaining the stability of the crude oil feed / total product mixture on the same day. 84 200535225 In some specific examples, a catalyst is allowed to remove a small part of Nl / V / Fe in crude oil feed, remove acidic components, remove components that shorten the life of other catalysts in the system, or combination. For example, phantom, compared with the feed, 'reduces at least a part of the crude oil feed / total product mixture's c == controls the clogging of other catalysts arranged downstream, so it will increase the force: = Department 4 without supplement The duration during which the catalyst can still operate. = At least a part of the crude oil feed, and V / Fe in a number of specific can increase the life of the catalyst or catalysts placed behind the first catalyst. The first catalyst and / or the third catalyst can be configured under the first catalyst, and further contact between the crude oil feed / total product mixture and the second catalyst and the catalyst can further reduce the TAN, Reduce the amount of contact :::: 'to reduce the oxygen content, and / or reduce the species contact of the organic acid metal salt. In the specific example, the contact between the crude oil feed and the second catalyst and / or third / Can produce crude oil feed / total product mixture, compared with crude oil feed and mouth properties, it has reduced TAN, reduced sulfur content, low-density *, and reduced organic acid metal salt form metal Asphalt has a low viscosity, low viscosity, or a combination thereof, and at the same time during processing ... the stability of the crude oil feed / total product mixture. The second catalyst can be configured in parallel. 筮 _, Le catalysts are located upstream of the third catalyst, or vice versa {吏 读 金 6v, // The ability to pinpoint specific contact areas will tend to make contact During this period the use of hydrogen was reduced to | denier, miles. Combined with the catalyst that promotes the occurrence of hydrogen during the contact, the catalyst that absorbs a relatively small amount of hydrogen during the contact can be used to change the selected properties of the crude oil product compared to the same properties of the crude oil 85 200535225 feed. For example, the fourth catalyst can be combined with the first catalyst, the second catalyst, the third catalyst, the fifth catalyst, the sixth catalyst, and / or the seventh catalyst Used to change selected properties of the crude oil feed, while at the same time only selecting quantities to change other properties of the crude oil feed, and / or at the same time maintain the stability of the crude oil feed / total product. The order and / or number of catalysts can be selected to minimize the net uptake of hydrogen while maintaining the stability of the crude feed / total product with the same%. The minimum net absorption of hydrogen is based on the residual content of the crude oil feed, the VGO content, the distillate content, Aρι

The specific gravity, or combination thereof, remains within the range of the individual properties of the 20% crude oil feed, and the TAN and / or viscosity of the crude oil product is at most 90% of the TAN and / or viscosity of the crude oil feed. Reducing the net uptake of hydrogen from crude oil feed can produce crude oil products with a boiling range distribution similar to that of the crude oil feed point distribution 'compared to the tan of crude oil feed. The atomic value of the crude oil product can also be changed only slightly compared to the atomic H / C of the crude oil. Hydrogen generation in the palpitant contact zone allows hydrogen to be selectively added to it

Yishu District and / or Preparation ♦ Selectively reduce the nature of crude oil feed. In a number of ways, the fourth catalyst can be deployed in the additional catalyst described in this article, downstream or "between." Hydrogen can be delivered in the crude oil feed and the fourth catalyst to transport hydrogen to the containing The contact area of the additional catalyst. Gas feed can be reversed from that of the crude oil feed. In several specific examples, the Dakota of hydrogen is in the same direction as the flow of the crude oil feed. For example, in the reactor In the structure of Nie Sheji (see Figure 2B), hydrogen can be generated in a contact zone between J (Example 1 and the contact zone 102 in Figure 2B). Hydrogen 86 200535225

: The crude oil feed flows in the opposite direction to the additional contact zone (eg, contact zone 114 in Figure 2B). In several hybrid households, the flow of hydrogen can move in the same direction as crude oil. Or 'in a stacked structure (see FIG. 3B), the gas can be in a contact area during the contact (for example, the contact area in FIG. 3B is called a bio-contact area (for example, in FIG. 3 ", " :: two-way input ... -Additional connection 11Λ ,, Liao, and Eryou 106, added to the contact zone) 'The same way as the crude oil feed flow ^ J universal input to the second contact zone (such as in 3B') to make hydrogen Add it to the contact area 116) via the duct ⑽. #Used in the specific example of the fourth catalyst in parallel with the sixth catalyst system, the four catalyst systems are located upstream of the sixth catalyst, Or conversely, P ° combined with the fourth catalyst and additional catalyst can 'lower TAN' to reduce the heart test content, and / or reduce the form of the organic acid metal salt in the case of the net absorption of hydrogen in the crude oil feed. Metal content. A small net uptake of hydrogen may allow other properties of the crude oil product to change only slightly compared to the same properties of the crude oil feed. For several specific examples, two different seventh catalysts may be combined: The seventh catalyst used upstream instead of the seventh catalyst downstream The seventh catalyst that can have n-swim metal in the sixth column of the metal within the target range of 0.0000 g to 0.06 g. The seventh catalyst per gram downstream can be equal to or greater than the upstream The total content of the sixth metal in the seventh catalyst, the total metal in the sixth column of the metal in the sixth column of v G.G2 in the mother gram catalyst. In several specific examples, the seventh catalyst upstream And the seventh catalyst downstream can be reversed. The ability to use comparable catalytically active metals in the seventh catalyst downstream can allow other properties of crude oil products to be comparable to those of crude oil 87 200535225. A small amount of "A" specific gravity, residual moxa (such as heteroatom content, change). ○ ... or a combination of a relatively small amount of crude oil feed and the upstream and downstream seventh Ding AN up to 90. / Tian Xi & e catalyst The contact can produce a TAN with a crude oil feed of 80%, at most or at least 1%: the most recent 〖.% 'In the example, the TAN of the crude oil feed can be obtained by blood. Gradually downgraded due to contact with several specific media: 'The seventh contact between private and downstream For example, the crude oil feed has a different origin than that of the crude oil. The original reason is that the product is produced by contacting the product with an additional catalyst, and the crude oil product is' continued from the crude oil. … Changes help to maintain the stability of the crude oil feed / total product mixture. ° Touch bars during work = 实 m and example = catalyst selection and / or catalyst sequence and control of oil inlet (1 ?: feed flow rate) The combination can help reduce the number of raw materials, raw materials, and raw materials, and it can help maintain the stability of the crude oil feed / total product and change one or more properties of the crude oil product compared to the individual properties of the crude oil feed. ~ 4 Stable Ma Suyue of the feed product mixture. The various phase separations from the crude oil feed / total product mixture = mesh separation may be caused by, for example, crude oil from the crude feed / total product mixture. Product insolubility, flocculation of crude oil feed / total product mixture; suspected 'precipitation of components of crude oil feed / total product mixture, or combinations thereof. The concentration of the crude oil feed and / or the total product in the crude oil feed / total product mixture may change during a certain number of contact periods. When the total product concentration in the crude oil feed / total 88 200535225 product mixture is changed due to the formation of crude oil products, the crude oil feed composition and / or the total product composition in the feed / total product mixture will change. tendency. For example, a crude oil feed may contain ingredients that are soluble in the crude feed. When the nature of the crude oil feed (_ ^ j Shiding AN, MCR, C5> calendar quality, P value, or a combination thereof) is changed, it will be more difficult to dissolve in the crude oil feed / total The product mixture was white and yellow. Party name: u »山, 彳 中 、’ s crude oil feed and the total product may form two

The phases and / or M are insoluble in each other. Changes in solubility may also cause the crude feed / total product mixture to form two or more phases. Due to the flocculation of asphaltenes, changes in the fertility of the original feed and the total product, and / or the sinking of the ingredients; and the formation of two "members" to reduce the life of one or more catalysts. In addition, the process efficiency is also σ months "P cattle low. For example, it may be necessary to repeatedly process the crude feed / total product combination to produce a crude product with desired properties. During processing, the P value of the crude oil feed / total product mixture can be monitored, and the private, crude oil feed, and / or crude oil feed / total product mixture can be estimated.

^ = 11 Typically, a maximum P value of 4 1 · 5 indicates that the flocculation of asphaltenes in crude oil feeds usually occurs. If the value of ρ is at least 15 at first, and this value of P increases or is relatively stable during the contact period, then this means that the feedstock is quite stable during the contact period. The stability of the crude oil feed / total product mixture, as assessed by the p-value, can be controlled by controlling the contact conditions, by the choice of catalyst, by the selective ordering of the catalyst, or a combination thereof. Such controlled contact conditions may include controlling LHSV, temperature, pressure, suction, crude oil feed flow rate, or a combination thereof.若干 In several specific examples, control the contact temperature in order to remove the cyanide 89 200535225 jin or /, tamarind moonfish, while maintaining the mCr content of the crude oil feed. Reduction of the MCR content by hydrogen uptake and / or higher contact temperature may lead to a diminution, which may reduce the stability of the crude oil feed / total product mixture and / or the life of the catalyst. Controlling the contact temperature and hydrogen uptake and binding of the catalysts described herein may allow the reduction of asphaltenes while at the same time substantially changing the MCR content of the crude oil feed. In several specific examples, the contact conditions are controlled so that the temperature in one or more of the contact zones may be different. Operation at different temperatures may allow the choice of 2 to change the properties of the crude feed while maintaining the% flexibility of the crude feed / total product mixture. The crude feed enters the first contact zone at the beginning of the process. The first contact temperature is the temperature in the first contact zone. Other contact temperatures (e.g., second temperature, third temperature, fourth temperature, etc.) are the temperatures in the contact area disposed behind the first contact area. The first—pile stalk, and itchy… When one Ang is in contact, the dish temperature can be in the range of 100 to 420 ° C, and the second contact temperature can be 20 to 100 t, 30 to 90 ° from the first contact temperature. C, or in the range of 40 to 60 t. In some specific examples, the second contact temperature is greater than the first contact temperature. Having different contact temperatures can cause W TAN and / or in crude products. The cyanocyanine content is reduced to a ratio compared to the butyl AN and / or C: 5 asphaltene content of the crude oil feed, if any, at the first and second contact temperatures being the same or different by 10 ° from each other. Ding an and / or C: 5 asphaltenes less than 匸 have a greater degree of reduction. For example, the first contact area may include the first catalyst and / or the fourth catalyst, and the second contact area may include other catalysts described herein. The first contact temperature may be 350 ° c, and the second contact temperature may be 300 t. Crude oil feed contacted with the first catalyst in the first contact zone and / or contacted with other catalysts in the contact zone with the second contact 90 200535225 ^ 丽 The beauty of contact with the fourth at higher temperature This kind of catalyst can cause the TAN and / or C5 asphaltenes in the crude oil feed towel to be different from the first and second contact temperatures: less than 10 C. TAN and / or C5 asphaltenes have more tan and tan than t / Or reduction of C5 asphaltenes. EXAMPLES Non-limiting examples of carrier preparation, catalyst preparation, and systems with selected catalyst configurations and controlled contact conditions are presented below. The carrier was prepared by grinding 576 grams of oxygen (tenon Catalysts and Technologies LP, Michigan, Michigan, u.s.a.) for 35 minutes using 585 grams of water and 8 grams of skeletal oxalic acid. The resulting milled mixture was extruded through a L3 TribeTM template and was between 90 and 25. [Dried indirectly, followed by calcination at 918 ° C, to obtain 650 g of a calcined support having a median pore size of 182 A. This calcined support was placed in a [secret furnace]. The temperature of the furnace was raised to 1,000 to 11,000 during 1.5 hours, and then kept in this range Θ for 2 hours to produce a carrier. This carrier contains 0/003 grams of gamma alumina, 0.08 grams of alpha alumina, 0.0008 grams of glutamate, and 0.9781 grams of θ oxide in each gram of carrier, which are transmitted by a sense ray. Diffraction measurement. This support has a surface area of 11 GmVg and a total pore volume of 0.81 em3 / g. This carrier has a pore size distribution having a median pore size of 232 A ', and 66.7% of the total number of pores in the pore size distribution have a pore size in the range of 85 A median pore size. This example illustrates how to prepare a support having a pore size distribution of at least 180 A and containing at least 0.1 g of Θ alumina. Example 2. Preparation of a catalyst with a hole of 230 A straight. The vanadium catalyst is prepared in the following manner. The alumina support prepared by the method described in Example 1 was impregnated with a vanadium impregnation solution, which was prepared by combining 7.69 g of VOSO4 and 82 g of deionized water. The pH of this solution was 2.27.

The oxide carrier (100 g) was impregnated with a starvation immersion solution, aged by accident for 2 hours, dried at 125 ° C for several hours, and then calcined at 480 for 2 hours. The obtained catalyst contained 0.04 g of vanadium per gram of catalyst, and the remainder was a carrier. This vanadium catalyst has a pore size distribution with a median pore size of 350 A, a pore volume of 0.69 cmVg, and a surface area of 0 m2 / g. In addition, the pore size distribution of the vanadium catalyst has a total pore number of 66.7% having a pore size in the range of 70 A median pore size. This example illustrates the preparation of a fifth catalyst with pores having a median pore size of at least 23 A. Pore to 230 A, 4 μ °

The molybdenum catalyst was prepared in the following manner. The method set described in Example i was used. The carrier was impregnated with an indium impregnation solution. This molybdenum impregnation solution is made up of 26 g of (νη4) 2MO207, 6 38 g of M03, and 2 12 g of milk to form 2 hearts: gram of monoethanolamine ⑽A) 'Xiao 6.5 1 Deionized water in grams =: Preparation. This jerk is heated ... until the solid is dissolved. The heating solution was allowed to cool to room temperature. The pH value of Taipi ° Hai / Valley is 5.3. Use ionized water to adjust the volume of> valley liquid to 82 m;亍 Emulsified aluminum carrier (100 g) is used, when it is actively aging 2+, it is ^. Another ^ Valley fluid to shell ’

Dry at C for several hours, and then calcined at 480 ° C 92 200535225 for 2 hours. The obtained catalysts 蜩 嫖 and 蜩 嫖 contained 0.04 g of molybdenum in the mother gram catalyst, and the balance was tailored. This flip-flop Lai catalyst has a pore volume with a median pore diameter of 250 A and a pore volume of 0.77 cmVg, a multi-pronged plate, and a surface area of 116 m2 / g. In addition, the pore size of the flip-catalyst can be divided into two categories: 67.7% of the total number of holes in the cloth has a pore size within the range of 86 A. This example illustrates the preparation of a sixth catalyst with a meter tube on the right and a pore size distribution with a median pore control of at least 230 A. Example 4 Molybdenum / vanadium contact with a pore size distribution of sog tb Λν μ —. A. The platinum / rhenium catalysts are manufactured in the following ways: The alumina support prepared by the method described in Example 1 was impregnated with a molybdenum / vanadium impregnation solution prepared as follows. The first solution was obtained by combining 2.14 g of (NH4) 2M0207, 3 21 g of M03, 0.56 g of 30% hydrogen peroxide (h2O2), and 0.14 g of monoethanol. Material leg), and was made by forming a slurry with 3.28 g of deionized water. This slurry was heated to "C until the solids were dissolved. The heated solution was allowed to cool to room temperature. The second solution was made by combining 3.57 g of VS0" 40 g of deionized water. The first species The solution is combined with the second solution, and sufficient deionized water is added to make the volume of the combined solution reach 82 to produce a molybdenum / vanadium impregnation solution. The oxide is impregnated with an indium / hungry impregnation solution, and dried for 2 hours. Hours, followed by Che. ^ = 2 hours. The obtained catalyst contained 0.02 grams of vanadium and 0.02 grams of molybdenum per gram of catalyst, and the remainder was a carrier. This molybdenum / vanadium catalyst has a median position The pore size is 3 pores. This example illustrates the preparation of the column 6 metal and the 5th metal catalyst with a pore size of 93 200535225 with a median pore size of at least 230A.… The tubular reactor is equipped with a thermocouple to measure the temperature of the entire catalyst bed. This catalyst bed is filled with catalyst and silicon carbide (2o_gnd, stan_) by filling the space between the temperature measuring sleeve and the inner wall.

MateH ^ AllS0 vCa, CA). It is believed that such carbides, if any, have low catalytic properties under the operating conditions described herein.

: Before putting the mixture in the contact area of the reactor, all catalysts are blended with a volume of silicon carbide. The crude oil feed flow from the reactor is from the top of the reactor to the ". The fumed silicon system is arranged at the bottom of the reactor as a bottom carrier. A bottom / carbon-cut mixture (42 cm3) is arranged above the carbonized fossil to form: a bottom σ 卩 contact area. Bottom touch ^ The catalyst has a pore size with a median pore size of 77 A = 66.7% of the total number of pores in the distribution. The bottom catalyst contained 0.095 indium and 0.025 grams of nickel per gram of catalyst, and the remainder was an oxide carrier. Gram

The middle catalyst / silicon carbide mixed area is opened above the opening ... ~ 口 物 〇6—It is arranged above the bottom contact to form an intermediate contact area at t. in

Pore size distribution with a median pore size of 98 A

Knife 卬 minus 66 · /% of the total number of holes has a value of 24 A

The median pore size is from ^ A 0 02… The intermediate catalyst contains υ · 02 g of nickel and η n A T s ^ •… per gram of catalyst, and the rest is an alumina carrier. Since the top of the catalyst / silicon carbide mixture area, 屮 s Cm) is arranged in the middle contact area, and the contact area of the Ding page part. The top catalyst has a median hole; ^ 192 Λ

The pore size distribution of the catalyst was ^ τ, and it was 192 A. The mother catalyst contained 0.04 g of # 目 94 200535225, which was a gamma alumina carrier. Carbonized rocks are arranged on the top contact area to fill the vacancies and serve as preliminary. The catalyst bed is filled with L— "Lu, which includes five heating zones corresponding to the preheating zone, the top port P, the middle, and the bottom contact zone, and the bottom carrier. The catalyst is based on 5 vol% hydrogen sulfide And 95% by volume of hydrogen gas per unit volume of the total catalyst volume (carbon cutting is not regarded as a catalyst of the rate of H 1 · 5 liters of gaseous mixture rate leads to the contact zone to form sulfides. The temperature of the contact zone During the hour, it increased to 204 and stayed at 204. The door was held for 2 hours. After staying down, the contact zone gradually lost the rate of 1000 hours (" 50 ° F ^ -tr (F)). Increase to 3 〖6 t (_. 仏 keep the contact area at 316 for one hour, and gradually spend money in i hours ❹ me (W and maintain at 37Q t two small%. Allow the contact area to cool to the surrounding temperature. Over J ㈣ ㈣ F Mexlc. Crude oil from Mar, Taiwan, and then heating in the supply tank for 12 to 24 hours at :: '7 to generate a crude oil pusher D with the properties of the summary, Table 1' Figure 7 ... Co. feeds the crude oil feed to the reactor port P. The crude oil feed flows through the contact zone, bottom contact zone and bottom load of the reactor. The contact zone, the middle ... The crude oil feed is in the presence of hydrogen. The catalyst is in contact with the catalyst. The ratio of crude oil feed to the reactor is 328 Nm3 / m3; 2〇 (; gas and supply to the reaction

Or] u】 wide job / m (2_ SCFB), LHSV is lh, and pressure is 9 MPa (1014 7 heat to M t⑽.F) and two P). Three contact zones were added (00F) and held at 370 t for 5000 hours. The temperature of the three contact zones is

r71, 〇ΐ ?,, ηΛ magic order increases and maintains · 379 ° C hours' followed by predicate t (730 卞) 5000 hours, 95 200535225 followed by 390 C (734 卞) 1800 hours, followed by 394 ° C (742 ° F) 2400 hours. The total products (in other words, crude oil products and gases) leave the catalyst bed. The total product was introduced into a gas-liquid separator. The total product is separated into a crude product and a gas in a gas-liquid separator. The gas input to the system is controlled by mass flow. The gas system of the decoupling system was measured by a hygrometer. Crude oil product analysis " Knife analysis to determine the weight percentage of crude oil product ingredients. The listed results are

The average of the percentage of the weight measured by the sword. Crude product properties are summarized in Table 1 of 7. As shown in Table 1, the crude oil product has a sulfur content of 0.007 grams per gram of crude oil product, a residue content of 0.255 grams, and a crude oil product with an oxygen content of G_7 grams has a ratio of MCR content to A-degradant content of 19 ^ 〇 09 TAN. Total vanadium and vanadium was 22.4 wtppm.

The catalyst oddity is determined by measuring the operating phase of the weighted average bed temperature ("WABT ,,") on the original feed. The catalyst life may be different from the temperature of the catalyst bed. The WABT will increase. Figure 8 is a graphical representation of the wabt_ ^) used to improve the crude oil feed in the contact zone as described in this section. The curve 136 represents the average wabt of the three contact zones :: by feed and The running time of the contact between the top, middle, and bottom catalysts is about ^ During most of the running time, the contact area only changes c. From the perspective of fairly stable ㈣WABT, it can be judged that the catalytic sub-catalyst has not been affected. Impact. Typically, a plant operating time of 3,000 to 3500 hours is related to industrial operations for one year. Θ1 This example illustrates the ability to feed crude oil under controlled contact conditions.

In contact with a catalyst having a pore size distribution with a median pore size of at least 180 A and with a pore size distribution having a median pore size in the range of 90 to 180 A, at least 60% of the total number of pores in the pore size distribution have Additional catalyst contact for pore sizes in the 45 A median pore size range, to produce a total product containing crude oil products. As with the P-value settler, the stability of the crude oil feed / total product mixture is maintained. Compared with the crude oil feed, the crude oil product has a reduced TAN, a reduced Ni / V / Fe content, a reduced sulfur content, and a reduced oxygen content, while the residual product content and VG content of the crude product are 90%. % To ιι0% of these properties of crude oil feed. — Only the "two rows of 6 ~~ diameter between 90 and 180 entrances-both within the hole diameter" touch ". The reaction state β is also prepared (except for the number and content of contact areas), and the catalyst is formed! The chemical method, the method for isolating the total product, and the method for analyzing the crude product are the same as those described in Example 5. The crude oil feed flow system of each catalyst system and the same volume of carbonized fossil reactor is composed of

The top of your field is to the bottom of the reactor. The reactor is filled from the bottom to the top in the following formula. The carbonization system is arranged at the bottom of the reactor as a bottom and e θ ^ ° 卩 carrier. The catalyst / carbonization at the bottom -3) is arranged above the carbonized stone to form the bottom connection:. The bottom catalyst has a pore size distribution with a median pore size of $ m A. The pores have a total number of pores of 66.7% in the cloth and have a diameter within the 32 A median pore size. The bottom catalyst was impregnated with 30.11 g of molybdenum and 0. 02 nickel per gram of catalyst, and the rest was a carrier. The top catalyst / silicon carbide mixture σ (80cm3) is arranged at the bottom. 97 200535225 to form the top. The top catalyst has a median hole of 1 knife cloth. Some of the total number of holes have a pore diameter within 20A = bit holes U. The top catalyst is 4 ^ ° · 03 per gram of nickel and 0.12 gram per gram. Above the first contact area: filling :; wide-fitting "~ 广 =: is a preheating zone. The catalyst bed system ^ includes Corresponds to the preheating zone, two contact zones, and four heating zones of the bottom carrier.

^ Team 4 crude oil with the properties summarized in Table 2, and Figure 9 (Venezu is called the top, giving the top of the reaction H. Crude oil feed flow through the preheat zone, top relay, bottom contact zone and bottom carrier The crude oil feed is in contact with each catalyst in the presence of hydrogen. The contact conditions are as follows: The ratio of hydrogen to the crude oil feed supplied to reaction 1§ is 160 NmVm3 (100 SCFB), = HSV is 1 h 1, and a pressure of 6.9 Mpa (100.4 · 7 ps.) The two contact zones were heated to 260 ° C (500 T) and maintained at 270 ° C (500 ° F) for 287 hours. The temperature of the two contact zones is then increased in the following order and

Hold .270 C (525 ° F) for 190 hours, then 288 ° C (550 ° F) for 216 hours, then 315 it (600 τ) for 36 hours, and then 343 it (650 °) for 120 hours, To achieve a total operating time of 173 hours. The total product left the reactor and was separated as described in Example 5. Crude products have an average TAN of 0.42 and an average API specific gravity of 12.5 during processing. The crude product contained 0.0023 g of oxygen, 0.441 g of VGO, and 0.378 g of residue per gram of crude product. Additional properties of the crude product series are shown in Table 2 of FIG. This example shows that a crude oil feed is brought into contact with a catalyst having a median pore size in the range of 90 to 98 200535225 1 8 0 A, which is fed by a catalyst to produce crude oil. The nature of your oil feed is similar to, 'With reduced TAN, reduced Ni / V / Fe with $, and reduced oxygen content | ^

I, and the residual content of crude oil products and VGO: 9 /. And the individual properties of 100% crude oil feed. ~ A kind of plucking scorpion. Reactor equipment (except for the number and content of trash contact areas), catalysts, total product separation, crude oil production—product analysis, and the same as those described in Example 6 of the catalyst formation sulfide /,

/. A crude oil feed (bc_i0 crude oil) having the properties summarized in Table 3 ', FIG. 1G, was fed to the top of the reactor. The crude oil feed flowed through the preheating zone of the reactor, the contact zone between the page P contact H 纟 and the bottom support. The contact conditions were as follows: the ratio of radon gas to the crude oil feed to the reactor was A 80 Nm3 / m3 (500 SCFB), the LHSV was 2h-1, and the pressure was 69Mpa (lol47_). The two contact zones are gradually heated by 1 343. . (65〇 τ). The total running time is 1007 hours. Crude products have an average ταν of 0.6 and an average API specific gravity of 6.2 during processing. The crude product contains 9% calcium, 6% sodium, 0.6 Wtppm, and 3 wtppm potassium. This crude oil product contained 0.3 g of sulfur, 2 g & 376 g of VGO and 0.401 g of residue per gram of crude oil product. Additional properties of the crude product are listed in Table 3 of FIG. This example shows that the crude oil feed is not contacted with a selected catalyst having a pore size distribution in the range of 90 to 80 A to produce a crude oil product, which has a reduced TAN, a reduced total calcium, sodium, zinc, And potassium content, while the crude oil product has 99,200535225 and 103% sulfur content, VGO content and individual properties of the residual crude oil feed. Under contact. -Per reactor equipment (except for the number and content of contact zones), per

Two :::: "Chemical method, each total product separation method and each crude oil product; the analytical system is the same as that described in Example 5. Unless otherwise stated, all catalysts are cut into 1 catalyst. The volume ratio is mixed with the carbon cut. The crude oil feed flow through the solid reactor: The carbon cut system from the top of the reactor to the reactor is arranged at the bottom of each reactor as a bottom carrier. = Reaction H has The bottom contact area and the top take over. After the catalyst / carbon fossil evening ::::::: is entered into the contact area of each reactor, the carbon cutting system is arranged above the top contact area to fill the empty space and serve as each reactor ::: The reactor is installed in the Llndberg furnace, which includes four heating zones corresponding to the preheating zone, two contact zones, and the bottom carrier.

3 In Example 8, the 'uncalcined rhenium / catalyst / carbon-cut mixture: m3) was arranged at the bottom contact area. This catalyst contains 7 grams of nickel per gram of catalyst, 7 grams of nickel, and GG 21 grams of rhenium. The rest is an oxide carrier. The basalt contains an overturned catalyst with a pore size distribution of a median pore size of 18 ° A. The basalt anthracite fossil evening mixture (12 cm3) is arranged in the top contact area. The button has a total content of 0.04 grams of indium per gram of catalyst, and the rest is a carrier containing at least 0.50 grams of gamma alumina in the master gram carrier. In Example 9, an uncalcined molybdenum / cobalt catalyst / silicon carbide mixture (48 100 200535225 actinide is disposed in two contact zones. The uncalcined molybdenum / cobalt catalyst contains 0.143 g! A , GG43 grams of diamonds 'and GG21 grams of scales, the rest is alumina support. Medium. The molybdenum catalyst is the same as the top contact area of Example 8. Table 1 in Example 1G' is the top contact of Example 8. The cathodic catalyst system described in the zone is mixed with the carbonized rock and arranged in the two contact zones (3). In Example 11, an uncalcined molybdenum / nickel catalyst / silicon carbide mixture (48-cm) was disposed in the bottom contact area. The unburned key, the catalyst contains G.G9 grams of indium, Q your Cree, and 00 grams of gram catalyst in the gram catalyst, and the rest is an alumina carrier. The molybdenum catalyst / silicon carbide mixture 〇2〇 "is arranged in the top contact zone» The molybdenum catalyst is the same as that in the top contact zone of Example 8. The crude oil from the Mars rig (GulfOfMexic0) was filtered, and C (200 F), heated in an oven for 12 to 24 hours to generate crude oil for use in Examples 8 to U with the properties summarized in the epigraph U. ^ Crude oil is fed into these examples. Reactor top. Crude oil feed system: preheating zone, top contact zone, bottom contact zone, and bottom load group through the reactor. Crude oil feed is in contact with each catalyst in the presence of hydrogen. The contact conditions were as follows: the ratio of hydrogen to the crude oil feed during the contact: 160 Nm / m3 (000 00 SCFB), and the total power of each system was 6.9 a (1014.7 psi). During the first 200 hours of contact , Lhs k, and then the LHSV decreases to Uh.] For the remaining contact time.] The temperature of all contact areas is "343." . (65.τ) contact 50. hour. After 101 200535225 hours, the temperature of all contact zones was controlled as follows: the temperature of the contact zone was raised to 354 t: (670 ° F), held at 354 ° C for 200 hours; raised to 3 66 ° C (690 T) , Kept at 366 ° C for 200 hours; rose to 371 °: (700 ° F), kept at 371 ° C for 1000 hours; rose to 385 ° C (725 F) 'held at 385 ° C for 200 hours: then Rise to a final temperature of 399 ° C (750 T) and maintain it at 399 ° C for 200 hours to achieve a total contact time of 230 hours. Crude oil products are regularly analyzed to determine TAN, hydrogen absorption of crude oil feed, P value, VGO content, residue content, and oxygen content. The series of average values of the properties of the crude oil products produced in Examples 8 to 11 are shown in Table 5 of Figure 1 0.

FIG. 12 is a graphical representation of the crude product p-value (p) versus operating time ("t") of each catalyst system from Examples 8 to 丨. The crude oil feed has a P value of at least 1]. Curves, lines 140, 142, 144, and 146 represent P values of oil products obtained by contacting the raw feeds individually with the four catalyst systems of Examples 8 to 11. For the catalyst systems of Examples 8 to 1G, the crude oil product "p value remaining at least 15 by 2300 hours. In the second report:;! The p value of the Γ operating time is greater than μ. In the implementation of the second P value, the I value is the phase value of the crude oil produced from each test. ⑼ΓΓ is cut off. In each test, the crude oil is fed during the contact period. ). : In addition to the increase in value of Example 10 ..., the crude oil product = Oita remained fairly constant in each test. The value is large. Figure 13 is a graph of crude oil feed gas for four catalyst systems in the presence of hydrogen. 102 200535225 Absorption (H2) vs. operating time ("t"). The curves ms, 150, i52, / 锊 indicate that the crude oil feed is individually contacted with each of the examples $ to 11… is the net absorption of the known hydrogen first. The net uptake of hydrogen from the crude feed is in the range of 7 to 48 Nm3 / m3 (43.8 to 300 SJFB) during a 2,300-hour operation. As shown in Figure 13, the net uptake of hydrogen by the crude feed was fairly constant in the parent test. ^ FIG. 14 is a graph showing the residual content (“R”) of the crude product by weight percent scoop of each catalyst system in Examples 8 to 11 versus the operating time (“t”). In each of the four tests, the 'crude oil product had a residue content of the crude oil feed with a residue content of 88 to 90%. Curves 156, 158, 160, and 162 indicate the residual content of the crude oil product obtained by first contacting the crude oil feed with the catalyst systems of Examples 8 to η, respectively. As shown in Figure 14, the residual content of WM remained fairly constant in most of the experiments. Figure 15 is a graphical representation of the change in crude product ("ΔAP1") versus operating time ("t") for each catalyst system of Examples 8 to u. Curves 164, 166, ⑹, and 17G indicate that by making crude oil feeds individually from Examples 8 to ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ΛP! Tb t 1-, each crude product has a value of 58 · Viscosity within the range of 3 to ". The specific gravity of the Aρι of each crude oil product is increased by" to 4: 2. The increased API specific gravity corresponds to the range of 2 "to 22.95 = = API specific gravity. Within this range The specific gravity of Αρι is " to " 7% " API specific gravity of crude oil feed. The diagram " shows examples 8 to! Graph of crude oil production & oxygen content ("〇2") vs. operating time ("Xuan") for each catalyst system expressed by weight percentage 103 200535225. Curves, lines m, 174, 176, and m represent the oxygen content of the crude oil product obtained by contacting the crude oil feed catalyst systems of Examples 8 to 11. Each crude product has an oxygen content of up to 16% of the crude feed. Each crude oil product had an oxygen content in the range of 0.000 to 0.0CH5 grams per gram of crude oil product during each test period. As shown in Figure 16, the oxygen content of the 'crude oil product remains fairly constant after a contact time of 200 hours. original

The relatively constant oxygen content of the oil product shows a reduction in the selected organic oxygen compounds during contact. Since the TAN is also reduced in these examples, it can be inferred that at least a portion of the meta-acid-containing organic oxygen compounds have a greater selectivity reduction than the non-bital acid-containing compounds. In Liaohuakou in Example 11, the reaction conditions were · 37, 7 (It was 700 卞), the pressure was 6.9 MPa (1014.7 psi), and the ratio of hydrogen to crude oil feed was ⑽ Nn ^ / W (1_ SCFB) 'In terms of crude oil feed weight, the reduction in mcr content in crude oil feed was 17.5% by weight. At a temperature of 399 ° C (75.0 ° C), at the same pressure and the ratio of hydrogen and crude oil feed, the reduction in MCR content of crude oil feed by weight of crude oil feed = 25.4 wt%. In Example 9, the reaction conditions were: 371 ° C (700 Torr), the pressure was 6.9 MPa (1004 · 7 psi), and the ratio of hydrogen and crude oil feed was 160 (1000 SCFB). Based on the weight of the feed, the reduction in mcr content in the crude feed was 17.5 wt%. At a temperature of 399 ° C (750 ° F), at the same pressure and the ratio of hydrogen and crude oil feed, the reduction in MCR content of crude oil feed, based on the weight of the crude oil feed, was 19 wt%. The increase in these decreases in the MCR content of crude oil feeds indicates that uncalcined 104 200535225 columns 6 and 10 metal catalysts have been able to promote MCR at higher temperatures than uncalcined columns 6 and 9 metal catalysts Decreased content. These examples show that crude oils with relatively high TAN (0.8 TAN) or catalyst contact systems produce crude oil products while maintaining a steady line of crude oil feed / total product mixture and having a net uptake of a relatively small amount of hydrogen: . The selected crude oil product f is at most 7G% of the same properties of the crude oil feed, while the selected properties of the crude oil products are within the same range of 20 to 30% of the crude oil feed. 3 Specifically, as shown in Table 4, each crude oil product

Nm / m3 (275 SCFB) production of net absorption of hydrogen from crude oil feed. This type of production has an average D / A of up to 4/0 of the crude oil feed, and the average total Ni / V content is 61% of the total guilty / v content of the crude oil feed, while maintaining higher than 3 scoops of crude oil feed. Expected p-value. The average residue content of each crude product is from M to 90% of the residue content of the crude feed. Each crude product has an average VG0 content of 115 to 17% of the crude feed. The average API specific gravity of each crude oil product is 110 to 117% of the API specific gravity of the crude oil feed, and the viscosity distribution of the crude oil feed having a viscosity of up to 45% for each crude oil product is consistent with Examples 12 to 14 Each reactor equipment (except in the contact zone, except for the inside of the spear), each catalyst forms a sulfide method, each total product is separated, and each crude product analysis system is the same as that described in Example 5. All 105 200535225 kinetic systems are from the top of the reactor to the bottom of the reactor. The "carbonized stone" is configured at the bottom of each reactor as a bottom support. Each reaction contains one contact =. In the catalyst / silicon carbide mixture After being placed in the contact zone of each reactor, the carbides are arranged above the top contact zone to fill the preheating zone of the empty reactor. Each reactor is equipped with an erg furnace = corresponding to the preheating zone and contact zone , And three heating zones at the bottom of the carrier. The crude oil feed is contacted with each catalyst in the presence of hydrogen.

The catalyst / silicon carbide mixture (40 cm3) was placed over the silicon carbide to form the contact area. The catalyst used in Example 12 was the vanadium catalyst prepared in Example 2. The catalyst used in Example 13 was the molybdenum catalyst prepared in Example 3. The catalyst used in Example 14 was the molybdenum / vanadium catalyst prepared in Example 4. The contact conditions of Examples 12 to 14 were as follows: the ratio of hydrogen to the crude oil feed supplied to the reactor was 160 Nm3 / m3 (100 SCFB), the LHSv was ^ h1 ', and the pressure was 6.9 MPa ( 1014 · 7 psi). The contact zone was gradually heated to 343 t (65 ° C) over a period of time and maintained at 343 ° F for 120 hours to achieve a total operating time of 36 hours. The total product was opened in the contact zone and as in Example 5. It was separated as described above. The net uptake of hydrogen in each catalyst system was measured during the contact period. In Example 12, the 'net uptake of hydrogen was -10. 7 Nm3 / m3 scFB), and the crude product had a TAN of 6.75. In Example 13, the net uptake of hydrogen was in the range of 2.2 to 3.0 Nm3 / m3 (13.9 to ι8 · 7 SCFB), and the crude oil product had τan in the range of 0.3 to 0.5. In Example 14, during the contact between the crude oil feed and the molybdenum / hungry catalyst, the net uptake of hydrogen was -0.05 Nm3 / m3 to 106 200535225.

In the range of 0 · 6 Nm3 / m3 (-0.36 SCFB to 4.0 SCFB), the g and L master > products have a TAN in the range of 0.2 to 0.5. From the point of view of the net hydrogen absorption during the contact period, it is estimated that during the contact between the crude oil and the Cui Fan catalyst, hydrogen will occur at the rate of iO ^ NmVm3 (65 SCFB) during the contact period and the amount of hydrogen used in the conventional process In comparison, it is possible to use less hydrogen in the process to improve the properties of inferior crude oil. Contacting 2 with less hydrogen will tend to reduce the cost of processing crude oil. In addition, the contact of the crude oil feed with the molybdenum / vanadium catalyst is to produce a crude oil product having a TAN that is lower than the TAN of the crude oil product produced by the Sodoku catalyst. 8, __ Touch of crude oil feed. '~~' ~~ 1 Each reactor equipment (except for the number and content of contact zones), each catalyst sulfide formation method, each total product separation method, and each crude oil production: The same is the case. Unless otherwise stated, all catalysts are mixed with carbonized rock in a volume ratio of j parts of carbonized rock to i parts of catalyst. Each of the crude oil feed flows from the top of the reactor to the bottom of the reactor is arranged at the bottom of each reactor as a bottom carrier. Each reactor has a bottom contact zone and a top contact zone. After the catalyst / silicon carbide mixture was placed in the contact area of each reactor, the carbides were arranged above the top contact area to fill the vacancies and serve as a pre-execution area for each reactor. Each unit is loaded into an Llndberg furnace, which includes four heating zones corresponding to a preheating zone, two products, and a bottom carrier. In each case, the 'vanadium catalyst' is prepared in the same manner as in the second embodiment and used with an additional catalyst. 107 200535225 In Example 15, the correction catalyst 41 is prepared as a catalyst and a silicon carbide mixture (45 cixr) is arranged in the bottom contact area to prepare a rhenium catalyst. The second medium is in the top contact area as described in Example 3. The "Shu medium" carbide fossil evening mixture (15⑽3) is a molybdenum catalyst prepared by the method in Example 16 and placed in the bottom contact zone. In the top contact area. The additional catalyst / silicon carbide mixture (30 cm3) is formulated. The additional catalyst is the one described in Example 3. The catalyst / silicon carbide mixture (30 cm3) is arranged in

In Example 17, a pair of catalyst / silicon carbide mixture (30 cm3) was added in the bottom contact area, and the additional catalyst was the same as that in Example 4. • All catalysts. The catalyst / carbonized mixture (3) is arranged in the top junction. In! 8, Pyrex® (Glass Works Corporation, New, S · A ·) beads (30 cm3) are arranged in each contact area. Examples 15 to 18 have the properties summarized in Table 5, and Fig. 17. A spoon of crude oil (Santos Basin, Brazil) was supplied to the top of the reactor. Crude oil feed: The bucket system flows through the preheating zone, the top contact zone, the bottom contact zone, and the bottom P carrier of the reactor, and the oil feed is in contact with each catalyst in the presence of nitrogen. The contact conditions for each case are as follows: the ratio of hydrogen to the crude oil feed to the reactor was 160 NmVm3 (100 SCFB) for the first 86 hours and 80 NmVm3 (500 SCFB) for the remaining time , LHSV is iy, and pressure is 6.9 MPa (1014.7 psi). The contact zone is gradually heated to 343 ° C over a period of time. (: (650 T) and maintained at 344.0 to achieve a total operating time of 14,000 hours. 108 200535225 These examples show the crude oil feed with a pore size distribution with a median pore size of 350 A in the presence of a hydrogen source. The fifth column of the metal catalyst is contacted with a secondary catalyst that has a pore size distribution of pores in the 25Gi range to produce crude oil products, which have changed properties compared to the same properties of the crude oil feed, and The other properties of the crude product were only slightly changed compared to the same properties of the crude feed. In addition, a relatively small amount of hydrogen uptake of the feedstock was observed during processing. 4

Specifically, as shown in Table 5 and FIG. 17, the crude oil products of Examples 15 to 1? Have a TAN of a crude oil feed having a TAN of at most 15%. Compared with the same properties of the crude oil feed, the crude oil products produced in Examples 15 to 17 have a total Nl / V / Fe content of up to 44%, an oxygen content of up to 50%, and a maximum of 75%, respectively. % Viscosity. In addition, the crude oil products produced in Examples 15 to 17 had API specific gravity of feeds having an APr specific gravity of 100 to 103, respectively. Λ

In comparison, the crude oil product produced under non-catalytic conditions (Example 18) has a viscosity and an API specific gravity compared to the crude oil feed, which results in a product with an increase in occupation and a low API specific gravity of IV. From the perspective of increasing the viscosity and decreasing the specific gravity of Ap ', it can be concluded that coking and / or polymerization of the crude oil feed has been initiated. Contact of materials under various LHSV. 3) The catalyst system is the same as that described in Example 6. The properties of the crude feed are shown in Table 6 in FIG. The contact conditions were as follows: the ratio of hydrogen to the crude oil feed to the reaction was 160 Nm3 / m3 (1000 SCFB), the pressure was 6.9 MPa (1014_7 Psi), and the temperature in the contact zone was 371 ° C (700 F) to reach the total operating time. In Example 19, the LHS V during the contact was increased from 109 200535225 t1 to 12 h · 1 to 20.7 ir1,

Over a period of time from 1 hour, followed by LHSV hours. 'Keep at 12 h · 1 4 8 Keep at 20.7 It]%% In Example 19 only, the crude oil product was analyzed to determine the tritium, viscosity, density duality, heteroatom content during the time period of 2 ° · 7- , And metal in the form of a metal salt of an organic acid. The average values of the properties of the crude oil products are shown in Table 6 and Figure 18. As shown in FIG. 18, the crude oil product of Example 19 has a reduced TAN and a reduced viscosity compared with crude oil, and the crude oil product has a specific gravity of AH to ⑽ to 11 ()% of the crude oil feed. Specific Gravity: The weight ratio of MCR content to & asphaltene content is at least "U. For example, the sum of the asphaltene content and the asphaltene content of I is lower than the sum of the mcr content and the q lutein content of the crude oil feed. From the weight ratio of the MCR content to the q asphaltene content and the reduction of the sum of the MCR content of $ and C5 asphaltenes, it can be inferred that the asphaltenes, rather than the components with a tendency to form coke, will decrease. Crude products also have a total potassium, sodium, zinc, and calcium content of up to 60% of the crude feed phase = total metal content. The crude product has a sulfur content of 80 to 90% of the sulfur content of the crude feed. Examples 6 and 19 show that the contact conditions can be controlled so that lhsV through the contact zone is greater than that of a process with lhsv of 1 h "to produce crude products with similar properties. The ability to selectively change the properties of crude oil feeds at liquid space velocities greater than 101 may allow the contacting process to be performed in a container that is smaller in size than a commercially available container. The smaller container size allows the processing of inferior crude oil to be performed at production sites with size restrictions (eg offshore facilities 110 200535225). 'Example 2 0' The contact ㈣ and catalyst system at various contact temperatures were the same as those described in Example 6. A crude oil feed having the properties of 47 in Fig. 9 is charged to the top of the reactor and is contacted with two catalysts in two contact zones in the presence of hydrogen to produce a crude oil product. The two contact zones operate at different temperatures.

The contact conditions in the top contact zone are as follows: LHSV is i h.]; The temperature in the top contact zone is 260 t (500 V); the ratio of hydrogen to crude oil feed is 160NmW (1_ SCFB); and the pressure is 6 9 milk. ⑽μ 7㈣. bottom. The contact conditions in the contact zone are as follows: LHSV is hi; the temperature in the bottom contact zone is 315 t (6 ° F); the ratio of hydrogen to crude oil feed is 160Nm3 / m3 (OOSCFB), and pressure It was 6.9 MPa (10 l4.7 psi). The product leaves the bottom contact zone and is introduced into a gas-liquid separator. In the gas-liquid phase separator A, the total product is separated into a crude product and a gas. Crude oil products are regularly analyzed to determine TAN and C5 asphaltene content.

The average values of the properties of the crude oil products obtained during operation are shown in Table 7 and Figure 19. The crude oil feed had a Ding Lai and cyanide content of 9.3 grams per gram of crude oil feed with 0.055 grams of C5 cyanide. The crude oil product has an average content of "f average TAN & c5 f" of 0.039 g of c5 asphaltene per gram of crude product. The C5 asphaltene content of the crude product is at most the C5 asphaltene content of the crude feed. The total content of potassium and sodium in the crude product is at most 53% of the total content of the same metals in the crude feed. The TAN of the crude product is at most 1G% of the TAN of the crude feed. A p-value of 15 or higher was maintained during the contact. 111 200535225 As in Examples 6 and 20-

What is not, the first (the top in this example) contact temperature, which has a contact temperature of 50 ° C lower than the contact temperature of the second (bottom of A in this example) zone, tends to make the crude product < Cyanite content is much lower than c asphaltene content of crude oil feed. In addition, q θ in addition, the use of a controlled temperature difference will reduce the metal content of the organic acid metal salt form even more. Wrap you, and t, a, in the case where the parent embodiment has a fairly fixed crude oil feed / total product mixture-the stability of the mouthpiece (as measured by the P value) 'Example 2 is implemented. The total potassium and sodium content of the shoulder &lt; &apos; &gt; is reduced more than the total potassium and sodium content of the crude product of Example 6. The use of a low-probability first contact zone may allow the removal of high molecular weight compounds (e.g., asphaltenes and / or organic acid metal salts), which may form polymers and / or / have flexibility and / or Tendency to compounds with sticky physical properties (such as gums and / or ..., oils). Removal of these compounds at lower temperatures may allow such compounds to be removed before they clog and coat the catalyst, thereby increasing the life of the catalyst operating at higher temperatures behind the configured contact area. Media contact. . The bulk metal catalysts and / or catalysts in this case (catalysts per 100 grams of crude oil ^ in the bucket ^ 0 ·! To 5 grams or 〇.02 to 4 grams) in several specific shells In Example 3, the crude oil was used to suspend it and react under the following conditions: the temperature was in the range of 85 to 425 (185 to 797 ° F), the pressure was in the range of 0.5 to ^ MPa, and the hydrogen source and crude oil The feed ratio is "to 16⑻ y claws. It's between moxibustion and reaction time sufficient to produce crude oil products. From the product, use separation equipment such as filters and / or centrifuges, and catalysts and / or residues. Crude oil feed separation. Compared with crude oil feed, the crude oil product 112 200535225 may have altered TAN, iron, nickel asphaltene content. And / or hungry content and reduced C5. Those skilled in the art in view of this aspect Further modification and substitution: The name of the present invention is easily seen as a description and is used to achieve teaching and learning; ^ Ben-Ming㈣ general method purpose. Library opened the female x, pay only one of the present invention This r ^ also interprets the # sad system of the present invention shown and described in this article as a specific example ... 月 之 形 ^ #, σ ,, J Generation illustrated and described herein, where the timber member and Tu, the present invention may be reversed

B _ knife and private sequence, you can use some of the features of the present invention alone, all of the above should be obvious to those skilled in the art after the benefits of the description of the present invention. Changes may be made in the elements described herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as described in the appended claims. [Simplified diagram] For those skilled in the art, the advantages of the present invention with the following detailed description will become apparent after referring to the drawings, where: Figure 1 is a simplified illustration of a specific example of a contact system Illustration. Figures 2A and 2B are simplified diagrams of a specific example of a contact system including two contact areas. 3A and 3B are diagrams showing a specific example of a contact system including three contact areas. Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a specific example of a separation zone incorporating a contact system. Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a specific example of a blending zone of a contact system. Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a specific example of a combined separation zone, contact system, and blending zone. Figure 7 is a list of representative properties of crude oil feeds and three catalyst feeds and crude oil products. Fig. 8 shows the crude oil feed and / or weighted average bed temperature versus operating time. Figure 9 is a list of representative examples of crude oil feeds and two types of feeds and crude oil products. Figure 10 is a list of representative examples of crude oil feeds and two feeds and crude oil products. Another list of specific examples of contact with crude shellfish. Figure 11 is a table showing the crude oil feed and four examples of crude oil feed and crude oil products. . _ The specific example of money contact: 12 :: Original: Graphical representation of P value of crude oil products in contact with four different catalyst systems versus operating time. -Reality 2: 3 is a graph showing the net absorption of hydrogen from the crude oil feed and the crude oil feed from four different catalyst systems to the operating phases. Residual content vs. running time Figure 15 is a graph showing how the specific gravity of the crude oil feed tray and the contact with the catalyst system change the API specific gravity of the oil product versus the running time. Figure 16 of the example ^ Specific illustration of contacting the crude oil feed with four different catalyst systems. Figure 16 shows the oxygen content of crude oil products as a function of operating time versus operating time. Figure 17 shows contact between the crude oil feed and catalyst system. Specific examples of crude oil 114 200535225 List of representative properties of feedstock and crude oil products, the catalyst system contains various amounts of sales catalysts and catalysts, and catalyst systems containing vanadium catalysts and molybdenum / sharp catalysts, and glass bead. Figure 18 is a list of properties of crude oil feeds and crude oil products for specific examples of contacting the crude oil feed with one or more catalysts at various liquid space velocities. Each FIG. 19 is a list of properties of a crude oil feed and a crude oil product in a specific example of contacting a crude oil feed at various contact temperatures. The present invention allows various modifications and alternative forms, but its specific embodiment is represented by the example of the master in the illustration. These illustrations may not be drawn to scale. Understanding the illustrations and detailed descriptions is not intended to limit the present invention to a specific form, but on the contrary, it is intended to cover the fall into the patent application enclosure as attached. All modifications, equivalents, and alternatives within the spirit and scope of definition. [Description of main component symbols] ioo: contact system 1 02: contact area 1 04: conduit 106; conduit 106; 'duct 1 0 8: separation area 110: conduit 112: conduit 1 1 4: contact area 1 1 6 : Contact zone 115 200535225 1 1 8: catheter 1 2 0: separation zone

122: Duct 124: Duct 126: Duct 128: Duct 1 3 0: Blend zone 132: Duct 134: Duct 136: Curve of weighted average bed temperature (WABT) vs. running time. 14-146: p-value pair of crude oil product. Curves of operating time 148-154: Curves of net absorption of hydrogen versus operating time Oxygen vs. Running J 丨 『』 Curve

116

Claims (1)

200535225 10. Scope of patent application: 1. A method for producing a crude oil product, comprising: contacting a crude oil feed with-or a plurality of catalysts to produce a total product containing a crude oil product, wherein the crude oil product is at 25. . It is a liquid mixture under 〇i〇i Mpa. The crude oil feed has at least one tan, and at least one catalyst in each gram of catalyst, based on metal weight, contains at least please! (I) One or more metals in column 6 of the periodic table, one or more compounds of one or more metals in column 6 of the periodic table, or a mixture thereof; and The contact conditions were controlled so that the liquid space velocity in the contact zone exceeded Io If 'and the crude product had a TAN of TAN' of the crude feed of up to $ 90%. The TAN of the crude product was determined by the Hachiman method called 64. 2. A method for producing a crude oil product, comprising: -'Contacting a crude oil feed with—or catalysts to produce a total product containing crude oil products' in the presence of a hydrogen source ”wherein the crude oil product is a liquid mixture at 25 t and 0.101 MPa, and the crude oil feed has at least a total Acid value (TAN) 'The crude oil feed has a sulfur content of up to 2 kg of sulfur per gram of crude oil feed, and the at least one catalyst contains the 6th or the Month of the Periodic Table' cycle Table 6:-or more metals-or more compounds, or mixtures thereof; and the conditions of contact, so that the liquid space velocity of a plurality of contact plutonium exceeds 10h · 1 'to make the crude oil product It has a TAN of at most 90% of the raw material and raw material, and the crude product has a sulfur content of Sichuan to ^ crude oil feed, wherein the sulphur content is measured by ^ top method MM It was measured by ASTM method D4294. 117 200535225 3. For example, the scope of application of the Indian Patent No. 2 item 2 is a furnace containing the crude oil feed with a sulfur content of 80 to 120% or 4, ^ to 10% of the 9 crude oil products. 4. If the sulfur content of the stone claw lining in the ih of the scope of the patent application is 3 per gram of crude oil, the method is: wherein the crude oil is at least 0.02 grams. At least 4 of 4. .. . 5, at least. 〇1, or ▲ 5. If any one of the scope of the patent application for the crude product TAN 畀 Xi &amp;, the TAN of the product should be more than 50%, the maximum TAN of the crude oil feed . The second time is 10%. 6. If any one of the scope of the patent application, the TAN of the crude oil product is, in, or 40 5 U main 70/0 ′ 30 to 60%, one. The crude oil feed is within the range of Ding An. ▲ 7. If the TAN of the crude oil product in any of the scope of the application for patents No. 1 to 6 is 0.001 to 0.5, 001 to 〇 8. If the scope of the patent application for the scope of the application} i No. 7-Method 1 : The TAN of the crude oil feed is in the range of 0.3 to 2.0, 0.4 to 10, or ^ ,. Wang] 9. A method of producing a crude oil product, comprising: contacting a crude oil feed with one or more catalysts to produce a crude oil-containing product: a total product, wherein the crude oil product is at 25. . And 0.101 MPa are liquid substances. The crude oil feed has a total test / Fe content of at least 0.02 grams per gram of crude oil feed, and the at least one catalyst is present in each gram of the catalyst as: Contains at least 001 grams by weight: one or more metals in the sixth table of the Periodic Table, six or more metals in the periodic table—or multiple compounds 118 200535225, or mixtures thereof; and ι control exposure Conditions such that the liquid space velocity in the contact zone exceeds 10 h · 1 'so that the crude oil product has a Nl / V / Fe content of the crude oil feed with a total Nl / V / Fe content of up to 90%, among which the core contents Measured by a㈣ method D5708. ίο. The method according to item 9 of the scope of patent application, wherein the Nl / V / Fe content of the crude oil product is at most 50%, at most 10%, at most 5%, or at most 3% of the Ni of the crude oil feed / V / Fe content. 11. The method according to item 9 of the scope of patent application, wherein the crude oil product has a blue / Fe content of i to 80%, 10i to 70%, 201%, or π to 50% of the crude oil. The range of Ni / V / Fe is expected. 12. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 11, in which the crude oil product contains 0.00000 grams per gram of crude oil product, 0.00005 grams, 0.00000 grams. 5 grams to 〇_〇1 grams, or 〇__ grams to 0.000005 grams of Ni / V / Fe. 13. If any one of items} to 12 of the scope of patent application &lt; Wanfa, wherein one or more of the metals in column 6 is molybdenum and / or tungsten. 14. The method according to any one of items 1 to 13 of the scope of patent application, wherein the metal catalyst of the sixth block has a median pore size of at least 60a,,,, main ^, 90a, or at least It is the pore size distribution of 80A. 15 · If any one of the methods I to μ in the scope of the patent application, the metal catalyst in column 6 of the repetition includes one in the fifth column of the periodic table &quot; taking multiple metals' one or more metals in column 5 One or more compounds, one or more metals in columns 7 to 10 of the periodic table, one or more metals from 7 to 10 — 119 200535225 or more compounds, and / or mixtures thereof. The method according to any one of the above items, which is the combination of one or more elements of one or more elements listed in the 15th column 16. If the metal catalyst of the sixth group in the patent application scopes 1 to 15 further includes a periodic element and / or One or more of column 15 of the periodic table.丄 / · If you request a patent a | &lt; Wanfa, issued this: or more catalysts additionally include additional catalysts, the additional catalysts have: a pore size distribution of at least 60 A or at least 180 A. I8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 17 of the scope of application for a patent, in which the crude oil feed is brought into contact while it is located or connected to a sea-receiving equipment. T to enter the connection == method of any of items 1 to 18 of the patent, wherein contacting includes contacting in the presence of a hydrogen source and / or an inert gas. :: The method of claim 19 in the scope of patent application, wherein, during the contact period, σxuan crude oil feed is used; phase separation of Dengtt crude oil feed. Molecular chlorine is taken to inhibit the second period during the contact period .: Method for applying any one of items 1 to 20 in the scope of patent application, notable: It also includes combining the crude oil product with crude oil of the same or different crude oil feed to form Blend. Japan 1 2 2 · One of the crude oil products 1 to 21 is too many, which can be obtained by the method of the patent application scope of the only item. Product method ΓίΓΓ Fuel, heating fuel, lubricating oil or chemical or blending / 4 crude oil product of 22 patents, patent 2005 200535225 2 4. The method of item 23 of the patent scope, wherein the processing includes The crude product or blend is steamed to one or more virtues. 25. The method of claim 23 or 24, wherein the processing includes hydrotreating. Eleven schemes: Like the next page 121