SE443586B - Sett att framstella fluidumgenomtrengliga elektriska resistiva vermeelement - Google Patents
Sett att framstella fluidumgenomtrengliga elektriska resistiva vermeelementInfo
- Publication number
- SE443586B SE443586B SE7805804A SE7805804A SE443586B SE 443586 B SE443586 B SE 443586B SE 7805804 A SE7805804 A SE 7805804A SE 7805804 A SE7805804 A SE 7805804A SE 443586 B SE443586 B SE 443586B
- Authority
- SE
- Sweden
- Prior art keywords
- fibers
- solvent
- fluid
- density
- carbonizable
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 121
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical group O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- MYRFNYCEQURXPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-bis(2-cyanoethyl)formamide Chemical group N#CCCN(C=O)CCC#N MYRFNYCEQURXPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical group CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formamide Chemical group NC=O ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 12
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002972 Acrylic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005899 aromatization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 di-substituted formamides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009950 felting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002964 rayon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007363 ring formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F9/00—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments
- D01F9/08—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments of inorganic material
- D01F9/12—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof
- D01F9/14—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments
- D01F9/20—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from polyaddition, polycondensation or polymerisation products
- D01F9/21—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from polyaddition, polycondensation or polymerisation products from macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D01F9/22—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments from polyaddition, polycondensation or polymerisation products from macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds from polyacrylonitriles
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F9/00—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments
- D01F9/08—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments of inorganic material
- D01F9/12—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof
- D01F9/14—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by decomposition of organic filaments
- D01F9/32—Apparatus therefor
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
- H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
- H05B3/14—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
- H05B3/145—Carbon only, e.g. carbon black, graphite
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
- Y10T29/49082—Resistor making
- Y10T29/49083—Heater type
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
- Y10T428/2918—Rod, strand, filament or fiber including free carbon or carbide or therewith [not as steel]
- Y10T428/292—In coating or impregnation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/30—Self-sustaining carbon mass or layer with impregnant or other layer
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Resistance Heating (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB21702/77A GB1600253A (en) | 1977-05-23 | 1977-05-23 | Porous heater elements |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| SE7805804L SE7805804L (sv) | 1978-11-24 |
| SE443586B true SE443586B (sv) | 1986-03-03 |
Family
ID=10167387
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE7805804A SE443586B (sv) | 1977-05-23 | 1978-05-22 | Sett att framstella fluidumgenomtrengliga elektriska resistiva vermeelement |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4257157A (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JPS53145137A (enExample) |
| CH (1) | CH638940A5 (enExample) |
| DE (1) | DE2822536A1 (enExample) |
| FR (1) | FR2392573A1 (enExample) |
| GB (1) | GB1600253A (enExample) |
| NL (1) | NL7805582A (enExample) |
| SE (1) | SE443586B (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2058335B (en) * | 1979-05-18 | 1983-09-01 | Atomic Energy Authority Uk | Soldering apparatus |
| SE8004352L (sv) * | 1979-06-14 | 1980-12-15 | Atomic Energy Authority Uk | Vermeoverforingselement och -system |
| DE3278066D1 (en) * | 1981-12-14 | 1988-03-03 | Atomic Energy Authority Uk | An improved fluid permeable porous electric heating element |
| GB2133866B (en) * | 1983-01-19 | 1986-02-19 | Atomic Energy Authority Uk | Gas ignition |
| GB8301427D0 (en) * | 1983-01-19 | 1983-02-23 | Atomic Energy Authority Uk | Gaseous fuel ignition |
| US6194066B1 (en) * | 1991-04-24 | 2001-02-27 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force | Microscopic tube devices and method of manufacture |
| DE4325030A1 (de) * | 1993-07-26 | 1995-02-02 | Siemens Ag | Schalter zur Strombegrenzung |
| US5609912A (en) * | 1995-09-08 | 1997-03-11 | Georgia Tech Research Corp. | Ceramic fabric forming method |
| FR2773043B1 (fr) * | 1997-12-24 | 2000-03-10 | Messier Bugatti | Panneau radiant a element chauffant en fibres de carbone et son procede de fabrication |
| US6674054B2 (en) * | 2001-04-26 | 2004-01-06 | Phifer-Smith Corporation | Method and apparatus for heating a gas-solvent solution |
| DE10247203B4 (de) * | 2002-10-10 | 2004-11-04 | Wacker-Chemie Gmbh | Heizelement zum Erhitzen von aggresiven Gasen |
| US7754126B2 (en) * | 2005-06-17 | 2010-07-13 | General Electric Company | Interlaminar tensile reinforcement of SiC/SiC CMC's using fugitive fibers |
| TW202421931A (zh) | 2022-07-20 | 2024-06-01 | 加拿大商水文歷線清潔能源公司 | 包括導電多孔材料之致動器 |
Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BE638120A (enExample) * | 1962-10-02 | |||
| US3367812A (en) * | 1962-11-14 | 1968-02-06 | Union Carbide Corp | Process of producing carbonized articles |
| CH431749A (de) | 1964-07-28 | 1967-03-15 | J Schladitz Hermann | Widerstandserhitzer |
| GB1182421A (en) * | 1965-11-30 | 1970-02-25 | Atomic Energy Authority Uk | Fluid Heaters |
| GB1283352A (en) * | 1968-04-30 | 1972-07-26 | British Petroleum Co | Heater |
| DE2262673C3 (de) * | 1972-12-21 | 1981-04-02 | Schladitz, Hermann J., Prof., 8000 München | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Verdampfen von Heizöl |
| GB1444461A (en) * | 1973-02-02 | 1976-07-28 | Sigri Elektrographit Gmbh | Porous heating devices |
| DE2305105B2 (de) * | 1973-02-02 | 1978-05-03 | Sigri Elektrographit Gmbh, 8901 Meitingen | Poröses Heizelement |
| GB1466240A (en) * | 1973-02-26 | 1977-03-02 | Atomic Energy Authority Uk | Heating devices |
| GB1514171A (en) * | 1974-01-11 | 1978-06-14 | Atomic Energy Authority Uk | Manufacture of porous carbon bodies |
| US4112059A (en) * | 1974-11-14 | 1978-09-05 | Celanese Corporation | Process for the production of carbon filaments utilizing an acrylic precursor |
| GB1503644A (en) * | 1975-04-21 | 1978-03-15 | Fogarty & Co Ltd E | Method and apparatus for forming fibrous cylindrical element |
-
1977
- 1977-05-23 GB GB21702/77A patent/GB1600253A/en not_active Expired
-
1978
- 1978-05-22 CH CH552578A patent/CH638940A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1978-05-22 SE SE7805804A patent/SE443586B/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1978-05-22 FR FR7815108A patent/FR2392573A1/fr active Granted
- 1978-05-23 US US05/908,681 patent/US4257157A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1978-05-23 JP JP6154978A patent/JPS53145137A/ja active Granted
- 1978-05-23 DE DE19782822536 patent/DE2822536A1/de active Granted
- 1978-05-23 NL NL7805582A patent/NL7805582A/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS53145137A (en) | 1978-12-18 |
| DE2822536C2 (enExample) | 1990-08-09 |
| DE2822536A1 (de) | 1979-01-25 |
| US4257157A (en) | 1981-03-24 |
| FR2392573A1 (fr) | 1978-12-22 |
| CH638940A5 (de) | 1983-10-14 |
| JPS616982B2 (enExample) | 1986-03-03 |
| GB1600253A (en) | 1981-10-14 |
| SE7805804L (sv) | 1978-11-24 |
| NL7805582A (nl) | 1978-11-27 |
| FR2392573B1 (enExample) | 1983-10-28 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| NUG | Patent has lapsed |
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