RU2796394C1 - Method for growing and reproducing chickweed (cerastium avrence l.) using mini-briquettes on loamy soils in dry conditions of the south of central siberia - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: method includes cutting mini-briquettes from chickweed in the stock department of the nursery, where field area covered with chickweed is rolled over. A layer 3-5 cm thick is cut from the turf with a plant digger. The turf is cut into mini-briquettes, planting is carried out at the end of March or on April 6-10 on frozen, damp, slightly thawed to a depth of 3-5 cm soil, clean from weeds, with mini-briquettes with a width of 3-5 cm, a length of 5-7 cm, a thickness of 3-5 cm using modernized MLU-1A forest planter with disks removed from the planter. A coulter is used to make 3-5 cm depressions in slightly thawed soil. A mini-briquette is fed into the planting depression formed with the coulter, the soil is compacted around the briquette using rollers, with the distance between the briquettes in one row of 40-50 cm, 240-250 cm between the rows.

EFFECT: method provides a reduction in energy consumption for performance of work, the survival rate of planting material and subsequent active vegetative reproduction of chickweed.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture and can be used for growing and propagating field chickweed with subsequent use in landscaping and melioration of inconvenient, eroded lands in the steppe zone of the south of Central Siberia. Ground cover plants are unpretentious to growing conditions and have significant vegetative mobility, intensively growing, forming low carpets, curtains, sods, which practically do not need to be mowed [1]. These features in the morphology of ground cover plants allow them to be widely used in landscaping, including in heavily sunlit areas [2].

Species from the genus Cerastium belong to the ground cover group - they are low-growing perennial grasses with creeping stems, they are decorative, unpretentious in culture. Yaskolki are used to cover rocky areas, carpet plantings, lawns, strengthen slopes, landscaping gardens and household plots, in low borders, when creating cascades, rocky hills, and a leveled background for other plants [3, 4]. Decorative lawns make up the main fund of landscaping objects, on which volumetric elements of the composition are placed - trees, shrubs, flower beds, small forms, equipment.

Field gooseberry, rhizomatous perennial, 10-40 cm high [5]. Jaskolka is drought-resistant, frost-resistant, winter-hardy, photophilous, unpretentious and hardy even under unfavorable growing conditions [3, 5]. Therefore, in the extreme conditions of the dry steppe, its use to create non-cereal sustainable lawns in the design of landscape design, as an unpretentious perennial plant with snow-white flowers, is relevant. The best soil for growing field chickweed is considered to be poor and dryish [4]. There is evidence that wild gooseberry grows on dumps formed during open-pit coal mining in the steppe zone, so planting field gooseberry can be used to combat soil deflation.

Yaskolki are propagated mainly by cuttings, division of bushes, reproduction by seeds is possible. Cuttings are carried out after flowering or in the spring before flowering. The cuttings are rooted in a greenhouse or in a bed in partial shade [3]. Bushes are divided from June to August [4]. There is experience in creating lawns using rolls. All these methods are quite expensive, as they require regular watering after planting and during the growing season for better rooting of seedlings. The closest to the proposed invention is RU No. 2393665 "Method of creating an environmentally friendly grass cover and a nutrient medium for its cultivation" [7]. In the method, a grass cover is created from lawn strips grown by a hydroponic method on a substrate using a liquid nutrient medium. Vipon vermiculite substrate with a pH level of 6.5-7.2 and with granules up to 2 mm is poured into a container with a layer of 1 cm and saturated with a liquid nutrient medium of 0.1% concentration. The nutrient medium contains a complex of trace elements. A mixture of lawn grass seeds is sown on the surface of the substrate and covered with a plastic film.

When growing a lawn in open ground, a plastic film is spread on the prepared site, folded along the edges, forming a container with a bottom and side walls. When creating a grass cover over a large area, several such films are used. The disadvantages of this method are the complexity of the composition of the microelements used, the use of only finely fractionated vermiculite - 1 cm layer. This method is costly.

The purpose of the invention is to reduce energy costs and funds for the performance of work. A method for growing and propagating field snails on loamy soils of Central Siberia, which includes cutting mini-briquettes from field snails in the uterine compartment of the nursery, and in the uterine compartment the field area covered with sedge is rolled up, a layer 3-5 cm thick is cut from the turf with a digging bracket, the turf is cut into mini-briquettes, planting is carried out at the end of March or April 6-10 on frozen, damp, slightly thawed to a depth of 3-5 cm soil, clean from weeds, mini-briquettes with a width of 3-5 cm, a length of 5-7 cm, a thickness 3-5 cm with a modernized forest planter MLU - 1A, with discs removed from the planter, a 3-5 cm deepening is made with a coulter in slightly thawed soil, then a mini-briquette is fed into the landing slot formed by the coulter, the soil is compacted around briquette, with a distance between briquettes in a row of 40-50 cm, between rows - 240-250 cm.

Since the timing of the onset of the spring season is different, the solution of the problem is carried out by that. that breeding should be carried out from the end of March or the beginning of April for the region located in the south of Central Siberia. The method is not acceptable on sandy and sandy soils. The turf of the field chickweed, unlike cereal plants, is quite loose and easily crumbles if the earthen lump is dry. In the uterine compartment, the field area sodden with chickweed is slightly rolled up for better bonding of soil particles. Further, a 3-5 cm thick layer is cut from the turf with the SVN-1.2 digging bracket used in forestry. cm, 3-5 cm thick. Briquette (French briquette) - pressed in the form of bricks, tiles, etc. coal, ore, sawdust or other fine material in order to reduce losses during its further use [6].

All subsequent operations are performed in a permanent, weed-free place, preferably not loose (since in this case there will be strong evaporation of moisture and drying out of the soil in the summer). Landing is carried out with a modernized MLU-1A forest planter. As an upgrade, discs are removed from the MLU - 1A from the lander. The coulter makes depressions of 3-5 cm in slightly thawed soil, then a mini briquette is fed into the landing slot formed by the coulter. Rollers compact the soil around the briquette. The distance between the briquettes in a row is 40-50 cm. The distance between the rows is equal to the width of the tractor aisle, (for example, for MTZ-82, the wheelbase is 240-250 cm). Watering is not necessary if the soil is damp. If the winter was snowless, and there was no snow cover on the ground, and the soil is wet or dry, then watering is required immediately after planting. Further, with a very early planting, subsequent watering is not necessary, since the plants have time to take root well by the onset of hot summer weather. Cerastium arvense is not demanding on nutrition. Care consists in weeding weeds. Cerastium arvense is characterized by active vegetative propagation. The sod grows rapidly, in one field season the rhizomes spread to 15-20 cm or more.

Studies have been carried out on the reproduction of field snails with mini briquettes. For two years, the earliest planting time was tested - at the end of March on frozen, slightly thawed soil. Watering after planting was not carried out, survival rate - 100%. The figure shows a general view of the lawn from the field chick (fig.).

At a later date, planting was carried out on April 6-10, but already at that time the soil in the nursery was dry. Despite this, the survival rate, which was determined 2 weeks after the reproduction of the field chickweed, was 100% over the course of three years of testing. Since the soil was dry, then after planting the mini briquettes were watered and rare waterings were carried out in June. The safety of mini briquettes a month after planting was 98-100%.

The proposed method is more economical than traditional methods, since there is no need for cuttings, rooting of planting material in a greenhouse, growing, dividing bushes, watering (the need for a minimum amount of watering). This method of reproduction of the field snail is advantageous in that it contains fewer technological operations and requires less funds for its implementation.

The proposed method makes it possible to quickly and easily create a lawn for planting greenery in populated areas (parks and other places), to combat soil deflation in arid conditions in the south of Central Siberia.

Claims (1)

A method for growing and propagating field snails on loamy soils of Central Siberia, which includes cutting mini-briquettes from field snails in the uterine compartment of the nursery, characterized in that in the uterine compartment the field territory covered with sedge is rolled up, a layer 3-5 cm thick is cut from the turf with a digging bracket, the turf is cut into mini-briquettes, planting is carried out at the end of March or April 6-10 on frozen, damp, slightly thawed soil to a depth of 3-5 cm, free from weeds, mini-briquettes with a width of 3-5 cm, a length of 5-7 cm, 3-5 cm thick with a modernized forest planter MLU-1A with disks removed from the planter, a 3-5 cm deepening is made with a coulter in slightly thawed soil, then a mini-briquette is fed into the landing slot formed by the coulter, compaction is carried out with rollers soil around the briquette with a distance between briquettes in a row of 40-50 cm, between rows - 240-250 cm.

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