RU2479984C1 - Method of cultivation of hindu lotus in containers - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to the field of agriculture. In the method the seeds or root stalks of Hindu lotus are planted in containers at least ј filled with soil consisting of manure or well-digested plant mulch, peat-moss, sand and clay in equal proportions. After planting the plants are poured with shallow and transparent water, which level after the appearance of standing leaves is increased to 50 cm. After the appearance of new leaves from March to October in 3-4 steps the 3% water soluble magnesium oxide is applied in an amount of 5 g/l, in blooming period every 7-10 days the fast-acting phosphate fertilisers are applied. During the stage of ripening and growth of root stalks every 20 days N₂₀P₁₀K₂₀ is applied at the rate of 120-150 grams per 500 litre container, the temperature regime is provided not lower than 20°C at planting seed material - seeds, root stalks, not lower than 25°C in vegetation and flowering, and not lower than 15°C in the last month before the root stalks harvesting. To reduce the disease incidence of red spider and to prevent deformation of young leaves spraying with water is carried out several times a day.

EFFECT: method enables to increase productivity and to provide quality control of the obtained product.

Description

The invention relates to the field of agriculture and solves the problem of developing new crops, intensifying agricultural production, quality control of the resulting product.

A known method of cultivating a nutty lotus in the Volga delta (patent No. 2376748 from 12.27.2009). The disadvantages of the analogue object are the traditional approach to crop cultivation, limited by the availability of suitable reservoirs for lotus cultivation, as well as the inability to sufficiently control the growing process, which may result in a loss of product quality and a decrease in production profitability.

The closest adopted for the prototype is a method of cultivating a nut-bearing lotus in natural and artificial reservoirs (patent No. 2419281 from 05/27/2011). The disadvantage of this method is that in the process of its implementation the growing conditions are not taken into account, which creates a high risk of plant death.

The technical problem to which the invention is directed is to increase the yield and profitability of the process of cultivation of the nut-bearing lotus, as well as the quality control of the resulting product.

The obtained problem is solved by proposing a method of cultivating a nutty lotus, which takes into account the influence on the productivity of various factors - genotype, water depth, light, temperature, soil, planting and fertilizer method, which allows you to master a new agricultural crop, intensify agricultural production, and control the quality of the resulting product. As a result of the use of the invention, the stability of obtaining a high yield of nutty lotus is increased, the yield of marketable products from one plant is increased.

The following method of cultivating a nutty lotus is proposed.

Seeds or rhizome is planted in pots, containers, tanks of clay, concrete, plastics, not less than _^1/4 filled with soil, having a light texture that prevents the penetration of excess light, with a good content of organic substances, and consisting of manure or well humus plant mulch, sphagnum moss, sand and clay in equal proportions. After planting, the plants are poured with water, and to ensure the effect of the sun on water and soil and stimulate plant growth, the water should be shallow and transparent, which should be ensured by the removal of weeds and algae. When floating leaves appear, the water level can be gradually raised to 40-50 cm to facilitate maintenance. After the appearance of standing leaves, it is necessary to ensure and maintain a sufficient (at least 50 cm) water depth for optimal growth. To stimulate plant growth, fertilizers are applied to the soil (hereinafter in the text). You can apply fertilizer after the appearance of new leaves in the spring. It is recommended to divide the dose of fertilizer into 3-4 applications. It is recommended that 3% water-soluble magnesium oxide be added over a period of 8-9 months in an amount of 5 g / l. Adult plants that form rhizomes require more potassium and less nitrogen for development. In the flowering season, fast-acting phosphate fertilizers should be added every 7-10 days to promote the growth and development of flowers. Phosphate and potassium fertilizers are needed later to promote ripening and stimulate rhizome growth. 120-150 grams of 20-10-20 (NPK) every 20 days is enough for normal growth in a 500-liter container. Eight grams of fertilizer additionally increased the weight of the rhizome, the number of shoots, and also expanded the internodes.

The temperature regime is ensured by growing the lotus in the warm season (March to October) or growing the lotus in the greenhouse while maintaining the temperature not lower than 20 ° C when planting material (seeds, rhizomes) is planted, not lower than 25 ° C during vegetation and flowering and not lower 15 ° C in the last month before collecting rhizomes.

To reduce evaporation and possible heat stress, which can lead to deformation of young leaves, several times a day, if necessary, spray with water. Spraying also helps reduce the incidence of spider mite plants.

Growing lotus in containers allows you to control all the factors affecting the productivity and quality of plant materials. Thus, when using the proposed method, which differs in the elaboration of growing conditions, in particular, the depth of water, light, temperature, soil used, planting and fertilizing methods, the stability of obtaining a high yield of nutty lotus increases, the yield of marketable products from one plant increases. On average, for thirty plants grown in 500-liter containers, 21% more plant materials were obtained compared to plants grown in open water (Suriaya Tobola plot).

Claims (1)

The method of cultivation of Nelumbo nucifera, characterized in that the seeds or rhizomes are planted in containers, not less than _^1/4-filled with soil, consisting of manure or well humus vegetable mulch, sphagnum moss, sand and clay in equal proportions, after planting, the plants poured shallow and clear water, the level of which, after the appearance of standing leaves, is increased to 50 cm, after the appearance of new leaves from March to October, 3% water-soluble magnesium oxide in an amount of 5 g / l is added in 3-4 doses, every 7 times during flowering -10 days in osyat fast phosphate fertilizer, during maturation and growth rhizomes every 20 days making ₂₀ N ₁₀ K ₂₀ P based on 500 g of 120-150 liter container, provide temperature conditions not lower than 20 ° C during the landing of planting materials - seeds, rhizomes, not below 25 ° C during vegetation and flowering and not lower than 15 ° C in the last month before collecting rhizomes, and to reduce the incidence of spider mites and prevent deformation of young leaves, spray water several times a day.