CN107371721A - A kind of cultural method of dragon fruit high-yield and high-efficiency - Google Patents
A kind of cultural method of dragon fruit high-yield and high-efficiency Download PDFInfo
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- CN107371721A CN107371721A CN201710705526.3A CN201710705526A CN107371721A CN 107371721 A CN107371721 A CN 107371721A CN 201710705526 A CN201710705526 A CN 201710705526A CN 107371721 A CN107371721 A CN 107371721A
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- 240000001501 Hylocereus undatus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 235000018481 Hylocereus undatus Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000006308 pollination Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 210000003608 Feces Anatomy 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 10
- -1 nitrogen Phosphorus Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M Monopotassium phosphate Chemical compound [K+].OP(O)([O-])=O GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000005696 Diammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000388 diammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000019838 diammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L mgso4 Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002269 spontaneous Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- KMQAPZBMEMMKSS-UHFFFAOYSA-K calcium;magnesium;phosphate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O KMQAPZBMEMMKSS-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000272525 Anas platyrhynchos Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001124076 Aphididae Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000005781 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000209202 Bromus secalinus Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000748029 Chamaechaenactis scaposa Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000237858 Gastropoda Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 206010023126 Jaundice Diseases 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000282898 Sus scrofa Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015450 Tilia cordata Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000012970 cakes Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000022534 cell killing Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009089 cytolysis Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002363 herbicidal Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004009 herbicide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000017074 necrotic cell death Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002881 soil fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001954 sterilising Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000001519 tissues Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009333 weeding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbendazim Chemical compound C1=C[CH]C2=NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006013 carbendazim Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L phosphate Chemical compound OP([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000036536 Cave Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010413 gardening Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 102100001249 ALB Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101710027066 ALB Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000012871 Arctostaphylos uva ursi Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000004377 Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000219357 Cactaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001415288 Coccidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010022114 Injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010030113 Oedema Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241001529246 Platymiscium Species 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 Poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 231100000765 Toxin Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 235000017357 Uva orsina Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011676 Vaccinium erythrocarpum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930003270 Vitamin B Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229930003268 Vitamin C Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229940050528 albumin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930014669 anthocyanidins Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000008758 anthocyanidins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013325 dietary fiber Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NWKFECICNXDNOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N flavylium Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=C(C=CC=C2)C2=[O+]1 NWKFECICNXDNOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012907 honey Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000749 insecticidal Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002917 insecticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000008935 nutritious Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017807 phytochemicals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930000223 plant secondary metabolites Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 235000019156 vitamin B Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011718 vitamin C Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003700 vitamin C derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
- A01G13/0281—Protective ground coverings for individual plants, e.g. for plants in pots
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
- C05G5/23—Solutions
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of cultural method of dragon fruit high-yield and high-efficiency,The present invention is using conventional column-type culture method,Production cost is low,Easy extensive greenhouse gardening,Using cave kind cuttage seeding,Nutrition can be provided for dragon fruit seedling growth period,Meet thirsty water demand,Non-rot root,In dragon fruit seedling root mulching straw,Root is set to breathe freely,Absorb oxygen,It is not easy water storage,Promote growth,Using a kind plantation,The fruiting rate of dragon fruit can be substantially improved,Lift quality and improve mouthfeel,Naturally extracted in the trifoliate jewelvine extract mixed liquor that fruiting period is applied,It is harmless to the human body,And significantly improve fruit-setting rate and fruit size,Increase per mu yield,Bagging can prevent dust from polluting,Anti- bird pest,Increase fruit brightness,Improve appearance,Dragon fruit implantation methods cost provided by the invention is low,Yield is high,Sell lover,Fruit sweetness is tasty,Income is good,There are extensive market prospects on the implantation methods of dragon fruit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural plantation technology field, more particularly to a kind of cultural method of dragon fruit high-yield and high-efficiency.
Background technology
Dragon fruit originates in the Desertification of Central and South America, belongs to typical subtropical zone, tropical plants.For Cactaceae
Post platymiscium, gained the name because its pulp appearance has the soft scale such as imperial shape appearance, also known as Yulong fruit, passion plant, celestial honey
Fruit.Heat-resisting drought-enduring, the light shade tolerant, manurial-philous resistance to lean of dragon fruit, its growth temperature is 11 DEG C~38 DEG C, optimum growth temperature
For 25 DEG C~35 DEG C, resistance to 0 DEG C of low temperature and 40 DEG C of high temperature, but the too low freeze injury that can cause plant of temperature, and temperature is too high then can
Suppress its growth.The cultivation of dragon fruit and the requirement grown to soil be not tight, is suitable for a variety of soil, but sufficient in fertilizer, water, contains
Growing way is preferable in the more neutrality of humus and faintly acid soil environment, and dragon fruit vitality is extremely strong, less to be invaded by disease pest
Evil, base, which is not required to spray insecticide, ensures that its normal growth, and dragon fruit is nutritious, rich in abundant dietary fiber, vitamin B
The phytochemical such as the mineral matters such as race, vitamin C, potassium, iron, magnesium and the rare vegetable albumin of general plant and anthocyanidin
Matter.Modern scientific research result shows that dragon fruit has preferable healthcare function, has fat-reducing, excludes oedema, resistance freely
Base, toxin expelling, removing toxic substances and Bearberry Extract, were favored by people in recent years, and supply falls short of demand in market.
The content of the invention
A kind of the defects of the object of the invention is exactly to make up prior art, there is provided cultivation side of dragon fruit high-yield and high-efficiency
Method.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions：
A kind of cultural method of dragon fruit high-yield and high-efficiency, comprises the following steps：
（1）Site preparation：Plow within 3 months in advance tedding, lime sterilization, and plough handle depth reaches more than 30cm, and soil requires pine
Without dissipating, it is soft without it is hard, carefully without powder, it is sub- that mu applies decomposed 3000 kilograms of human and animal excreta, 100 kilograms of calcium magnesium phosphate and 0.3% sulfuric acid
20 kilograms of ferrous solution, then ridging, carries out gutter；
（2）Nursery：Cuttage seeding is used as by the sturdy paper slip of the annual growth of cuttage, seedling bed selection ventilation faces south, soil fertilizer
Fertile, the convenient field of row irrigation, whole spy's furrow, for furrow with ditch 90cm, mu applies decomposed 1500-2000 kilograms of excrement, incorporation stalk end
800 kilograms, stir, the topsoil of 15-35cm below furrow face is imposed on during site preparation, mu applies 100-150 kilograms of calcium and magnesium again thereafter
Phosphate fertilizer, imposes on the deep topsoil of 4-5cm after stirring, then by cuttage seeding by seeding row spacing 3cm kinds in seedbed, pour it is permeable,
And spray 500 times of carbendazim once, poured every 5-8 days permeable, keep ground moistening not ponding, wait that to grow a section stem meat full
Stem section can go out garden point and plant；
（3）Excavate a point plant hole：Dragon fruit is planted using column-type culture method, column specification is pillar height 220cm, 10 × 9cm of section, post
The heart puts a thick iron wire of 6-8mm, from column cap protrusion and curves diameter 1cm breach circle, and the seeding row spacing of post is 2m × 3m,
The field planting hole that length and width are respectively 0.8m, deep 0.4m is averagely excavated around strain, cheats interior application decomposed farm manure, plant ash and nitrogen
Phosphorus potash fertilizer, wherein mu apply 1500 farm manures, and plant ash mu applies 400 kilograms, and nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer mu applies 50 kilograms, earthing after fertilising
Watering, table soil dries after the heavy reality of soil, then plants dragon fruit seed in the plantation pool, a post plants 4 plants of dragon fruit seedlings, wherein 4
Strain dragon fruit seedling selects different dragon fruit kinds, and the roots deep of dragon fruit seedling is 2-3cm, pours 1 root water after field planting again,
Soil moisture is kept later between 60-80%, with rice straw mulching on plantation pool surface, it is impossible to be compacted；
（4）Field management：A applies fertilizer：Field planting imposes seed manure after surviving, seedling stage applies fertilizer solution, and thin fertilizer is diligent to be applied, and is stepped up applying
Fertilizer amount, the root system of dragon fruit are mainly distributed on topsoil, and fertilising uses broadcast application, b pinching：When branch grows to pillar height, pinching,
Promote branch, and allow branch to rely on stem branch in capital set iron wire, plant is hung down loosely pendency, c is bloomed pollination：Using spontaneous pollination and
The mode that artificial pollination combines, in fine day by the way of spontaneous pollination, the cloudy day uses the good dragon fruit of self-pollination compatibility
Writing brush by pollen be coated onto self-pollination compatibility difference the female chapiter of dragon fruit on, pollination can bloom at dusk or early morning flower not yet
Before closure, d deflorations, vegetables and fruits：Defloration is carried out after pollination after 3-4 days, is peeled off at jaundice, unsuccessful bud is also plucked pollinating
Fall, carry out vegetables and fruits within 10 days after pollination, stay big fruit, dredge fruitlet, mainly remove Hua Dianguo, pest and disease damage fruit, malformed fruit, e is yielded positive results
Phase foliage top dressing：The magnesium sulfate of root outer spraying 0.3%, 0.2% borax, 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate once, on fruit spray trifoliate jewelvine extraction
Thing mixed liquor, uniformly it is sprayed on each fruit, bagging when fruit turns red；
（5）Pest management：Weeding is carried out according to actual conditions, herbicide, dragon fruit must not be used in the 50cm of dragon fruit root
Pest and disease damage it is less, insect pest mainly has the harm of snail, aphid and ant, applying pesticide preventing and treating, and high-temperature high humidity season is susceptible
Catch an illness evil, branch plant tissue partial necrosis and mildew occur, good effect can be received using bactericidal pesticide；
（6）Managed after receipts：The branch for tying fruit is wiped out after picking fruit, allows it to re-emit shoot, is ensured next
The fruiting quantities and quality of fruiting period, and timely organic fertilizer is wanted after having adopted fruit, allow branch to be restored, mu organic fertilizer
3000-5000 kilograms.
A kind of cultural method of dragon fruit high-yield and high-efficiency, step（3）Described in nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer in nitrogen：Phosphorus：Potassium
Mass ratio is 15：15：15.
A kind of cultural method of dragon fruit high-yield and high-efficiency, step（4）Described in fertilizer solution be：Urea 7%, Diammonium phosphate (DAP)
4%th, potassium nitrate 3%, nucleoprotamine zymotic fluid 15%, humic acid liquid 0.5%.
A kind of cultural method of dragon fruit high-yield and high-efficiency, step（4）Described in trifoliate jewelvine extract mixed liquor preparation side
Method is：It is added in 25-30 DEG C of water, stirs after 3% trifoliate jewelvine extract, aliphatic acid polyethenoxy ether and potassium dihydrogen phosphate are mixed
Mix and sprayed after diluting 5-8 times again after dissolving, wherein 3% trifoliate jewelvine extract, aliphatic acid polyethenoxy ether, potassium dihydrogen phosphate
Mass ratio with water is 1-2：0.6-1：22-25：90-100.
A kind of cultural method of dragon fruit high-yield and high-efficiency, step（6）Described in organic fertilizer refer to peanut cake slag, duck
Excrement, cow dung, pig manure are according to 1：2：4：3 quality proportioning is decomposed to be formed.
It is an advantage of the invention that：The present invention is using conventional column-type culture method, and production cost is low, easily extensive greenhouse kind
Plant, using cave kind cuttage seeding, nutrition can be provided for dragon fruit seedling growth period, meet thirsty water demand, non-rot root, in dragon fruit seedling
Root mulching straw, makes root breathe freely, and absorbs oxygen, is not easy water storage, promotes growth, is planted, can changed significantly using a kind
Fruiting rate, lifting quality and the improvement mouthfeel of kind dragon fruit, are naturally extracted in the trifoliate jewelvine extract mixed liquor that fruiting period is applied, right
Human body nonhazardous, and fruit-setting rate and fruit size are significantly improved, increase per mu yield, bagging can prevent dust pollution, prevent
Bird pest, increasing fruit brightness, improve appearance, dragon fruit implantation methods cost provided by the invention is low, yield is high, sells lover,
Fruit sweetness is tasty, and income is good, has extensive market prospects on the implantation methods of dragon fruit.
Embodiment
A kind of cultural method of dragon fruit high-yield and high-efficiency, comprises the following steps：
（1）Site preparation：Plow within 3 months in advance tedding, lime sterilization, and plough handle depth reaches more than 30cm, and soil requires pine
Without dissipating, it is soft without it is hard, carefully without powder, it is sub- that mu applies decomposed 3000 kilograms of human and animal excreta, 100 kilograms of calcium magnesium phosphate and 0.3% sulfuric acid
20 kilograms of ferrous solution, then ridging, carries out gutter；
（2）Nursery：Cuttage seeding is used as by the sturdy paper slip of the annual growth of cuttage, seedling bed selection ventilation faces south, soil fertilizer
Fertile, the convenient field of row irrigation, whole spy's furrow, for furrow with ditch 90cm, mu applies decomposed 1500 kilograms of excrement, and incorporation stalk end 800 is public
Jin, stirs, and the topsoil of 15cm below furrow face is imposed on during site preparation, mu applies 100 kilograms of calcium magnesium phosphate again thereafter, is sufficiently stirred
Impose on the deep topsoil of 4cm after uniformly, then by cuttage seeding by seeding row spacing 3cm kinds in seedbed, pour permeable, and spray bacterium more than 500 times
Spirit once, was poured permeable every 5 days, kept ground moistening not ponding, is waited to grow the full stem section of a section stem meat and can go out garden point and is planted；
（3）Excavate a point plant hole：Dragon fruit is planted using column-type culture method, column specification is pillar height 220cm, 10 × 9cm of section, post
The heart puts a thick iron wire of 6mm, from column cap protrusion and curves diameter 1cm breach circle, the seeding row spacing of post is 2m × 3m, in strain
Around averagely excavate the field planting hole that length and width are respectively 0.8m, deep 0.4m, cheat in apply decomposed farm manure, plant ash and nitrogen phosphorus
Potash fertilizer, wherein mu apply 1500 farm manures, and plant ash mu applies 400 kilograms, and nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer mu applies 50 kilograms, and earthing pours after fertilising
Water, table soil dries after the heavy reality of soil, then plants dragon fruit seed in the plantation pool, a post plants 4 plants of dragon fruit seedlings, wherein 4 plants
Dragon fruit seedling selects different dragon fruit kinds, and the roots deep of dragon fruit seedling is 2cm, pours 1 root water after field planting again, after
Soil moisture is kept between 60%, with rice straw mulching on plantation pool surface, it is impossible to be compacted；
（4）Field management：A applies fertilizer：Field planting imposes seed manure after surviving, seedling stage applies fertilizer solution, and thin fertilizer is diligent to be applied, and is stepped up applying
Fertilizer amount, the root system of dragon fruit are mainly distributed on topsoil, and fertilising uses broadcast application, b pinching：When branch grows to pillar height, pinching,
Promote branch, and allow branch to rely on stem branch in capital set iron wire, plant is hung down loosely pendency, c is bloomed pollination：Using spontaneous pollination and
The mode that artificial pollination combines, in fine day by the way of spontaneous pollination, the cloudy day uses the good dragon fruit of self-pollination compatibility
Writing brush by pollen be coated onto self-pollination compatibility difference the female chapiter of dragon fruit on, pollination can bloom at dusk or early morning flower not yet
Before closure, d deflorations, vegetables and fruits：Defloration is carried out after pollination after 3 days, is peeled off at jaundice, pollinating, unsuccessful bud is also removed,
Carry out vegetables and fruits within 10 days after pollination, stay big fruit, dredge fruitlet, mainly remove Hua Dianguo, pest and disease damage fruit, malformed fruit, e is yielded positive results phase root
Outer top dressing：The magnesium sulfate of root outer spraying 0.3%, 0.2% borax, 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, which once, on fruit spray trifoliate jewelvine extract, to be mixed
Liquid is closed, is uniformly sprayed on each fruit, bagging when fruit turns red；
（5）Pest management：Weeding is carried out according to actual conditions, herbicide, dragon fruit must not be used in the 50cm of dragon fruit root
Pest and disease damage it is less, insect pest mainly has the harm of snail, aphid and ant, applying pesticide preventing and treating, and high-temperature high humidity season is susceptible
Catch an illness evil, branch plant tissue partial necrosis and mildew occur, good effect can be received using bactericidal pesticide；
（6）Managed after receipts：The branch for tying fruit is wiped out after picking fruit, allows it to re-emit shoot, is ensured next
The fruiting quantities and quality of fruiting period, and timely organic fertilizer is wanted after having adopted fruit, allow branch to be restored, mu organic fertilizer
3000 kilograms.
A kind of cultural method of dragon fruit high-yield and high-efficiency, step（3）Described in nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer in nitrogen：Phosphorus：Potassium
Mass ratio is 15：15：15.
A kind of cultural method of dragon fruit high-yield and high-efficiency, step（4）Described in fertilizer solution be：Urea 7%, Diammonium phosphate (DAP)
4%th, potassium nitrate 3%, nucleoprotamine zymotic fluid 15%, humic acid liquid 0.5%.
A kind of cultural method of dragon fruit high-yield and high-efficiency, step（4）Described in trifoliate jewelvine extract mixed liquor preparation side
Method is：It is added to after 3% trifoliate jewelvine extract, aliphatic acid polyethenoxy ether and potassium dihydrogen phosphate are mixed in 25 DEG C of water, stirring is molten
Sprayed after diluting 5 times again after solution, wherein 3% trifoliate jewelvine extract, aliphatic acid polyethenoxy ether, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and water
Mass ratio is 1：0.6：22：90.
A kind of cultural method of dragon fruit high-yield and high-efficiency, step（6）Described in organic fertilizer refer to peanut cake slag, duck
Excrement, cow dung, pig manure are according to 1：2：4：3 quality proportioning is decomposed to be formed.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of cultural method of dragon fruit high-yield and high-efficiency, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
（1）Site preparation：Plow within 3 months in advance tedding, lime sterilization, and plough handle depth reaches more than 30cm, and soil requires pine
Without dissipating, it is soft without it is hard, carefully without powder, it is sub- that mu applies decomposed 3000 kilograms of human and animal excreta, 100 kilograms of calcium magnesium phosphate and 0.3% sulfuric acid
20 kilograms of ferrous solution, then ridging, carries out gutter；
（2）Nursery：Cuttage seeding is used as by the sturdy paper slip of the annual growth of cuttage, seedling bed selection ventilation faces south, soil fertilizer
Fertile, the convenient field of row irrigation, whole spy's furrow, for furrow with ditch 90cm, mu applies decomposed 1500-2000 kilograms of excrement, incorporation stalk end
800 kilograms, stir, the topsoil of 15-35cm below furrow face is imposed on during site preparation, mu applies 100-150 kilograms of calcium and magnesium again thereafter
Phosphate fertilizer, imposes on the deep topsoil of 4-5cm after stirring, then by cuttage seeding by seeding row spacing 3cm kinds in seedbed, pour it is permeable,
And spray 500 times of carbendazim once, poured every 5-8 days permeable, keep ground moistening not ponding, wait that to grow a section stem meat full
Stem section can go out garden point and plant；
（3）Excavate a point plant hole：Dragon fruit is planted using column-type culture method, column specification is pillar height 220cm, 10 × 9cm of section, post
The heart puts a thick iron wire of 6-8mm, from column cap protrusion and curves diameter 1cm breach circle, and the seeding row spacing of post is 2m × 3m,
The field planting hole that length and width are respectively 0.8m, deep 0.4m is averagely excavated around strain, cheats interior application decomposed farm manure, plant ash and nitrogen
Phosphorus potash fertilizer, wherein mu apply 1500 farm manures, and plant ash mu applies 400 kilograms, and nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer mu applies 50 kilograms, earthing after fertilising
Watering, table soil dries after the heavy reality of soil, then plants dragon fruit seed in the plantation pool, a post plants 4 plants of dragon fruit seedlings, wherein 4
Strain dragon fruit seedling selects different dragon fruit kinds, and the roots deep of dragon fruit seedling is 2-3cm, pours 1 root water after field planting again,
Soil moisture is kept later between 60-80%, with rice straw mulching on plantation pool surface, it is impossible to be compacted；
（4）Field management：A applies fertilizer：Field planting imposes seed manure after surviving, seedling stage applies fertilizer solution, and thin fertilizer is diligent to be applied, and is stepped up applying
Fertilizer amount, the root system of dragon fruit are mainly distributed on topsoil, and fertilising uses broadcast application, b pinching：When branch grows to pillar height, pinching,
Promote branch, and allow branch to rely on stem branch in capital set iron wire, plant is hung down loosely pendency, c is bloomed pollination：Using spontaneous pollination and
The mode that artificial pollination combines, in fine day by the way of spontaneous pollination, the cloudy day uses the good dragon fruit of self-pollination compatibility
Writing brush by pollen be coated onto self-pollination compatibility difference the female chapiter of dragon fruit on, pollination can bloom at dusk or early morning flower not yet
Before closure, d deflorations, vegetables and fruits：Defloration is carried out after pollination after 3-4 days, is peeled off at jaundice, unsuccessful bud is also plucked pollinating
Fall, carry out vegetables and fruits within 10 days after pollination, stay big fruit, dredge fruitlet, mainly remove Hua Dianguo, pest and disease damage fruit, malformed fruit, e is yielded positive results
Phase foliage top dressing：The magnesium sulfate of root outer spraying 0.3%, 0.2% borax, 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate once, on fruit spray trifoliate jewelvine extraction
Thing mixed liquor, uniformly it is sprayed on each fruit, bagging when fruit turns red；
（5）Pest management：Weeding is carried out according to actual conditions, herbicide, dragon fruit must not be used in the 50cm of dragon fruit root
Pest and disease damage it is less, insect pest mainly has the harm of snail, aphid and ant, applying pesticide preventing and treating, and high-temperature high humidity season is susceptible
Catch an illness evil, branch plant tissue partial necrosis and mildew occur, good effect can be received using bactericidal pesticide；
（6）Managed after receipts：The branch for tying fruit is wiped out after picking fruit, allows it to re-emit shoot, is ensured next
The fruiting quantities and quality of fruiting period, and timely organic fertilizer is wanted after having adopted fruit, allow branch to be restored, mu organic fertilizer
3000-5000 kilograms.
A kind of 2. cultural method of dragon fruit high-yield and high-efficiency according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step（3）Middle institute
Nitrogen in the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer stated：Phosphorus：The mass ratio of potassium is 15：15：15.
A kind of 3. cultural method of dragon fruit high-yield and high-efficiency according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step（4）Middle institute
The fertilizer solution stated is：Urea 7%, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 4%, potassium nitrate 3%, nucleoprotamine zymotic fluid 15%, humic acid liquid 0.5%.
A kind of 4. cultural method of dragon fruit high-yield and high-efficiency according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step（4）Middle institute
The preparation method for the trifoliate jewelvine extract mixed liquor stated is：By 3% trifoliate jewelvine extract, aliphatic acid polyethenoxy ether and biphosphate
It is added in 25-30 DEG C of water after potassium mixing, is sprayed after diluting 5-8 times again after stirring and dissolving, wherein 3% trifoliate jewelvine extract,
The mass ratio of aliphatic acid polyethenoxy ether, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and water is 1-2：0.6-1：22-25：90-100.
A kind of 5. cultural method of dragon fruit high-yield and high-efficiency according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step（6）Middle institute
The organic fertilizer stated refers to peanut cake slag, duck excrement, cow dung, pig manure according to 1：2：4：3 quality proportioning is decomposed to be formed.
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| CN108966782A (en) * | 2018-09-14 | 2018-12-11 | 广西田东泰如鲜品农副产品配送有限公司 | The fertilizer practice of dragon fruit |
| CN108990717A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2018-12-14 | 广西驰胜农业科技有限公司 | A kind of high-yield planting method of dragon fruit |
| CN110214642A (en) * | 2019-06-05 | 2019-09-10 | 澧县绿之源生态农业科技发展有限公司 | A kind of dragon fruit implantation methods prevented and treated pest and disease damage, improve yield and quality |
| CN110476683A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2019-11-22 | 贵州省果树科学研究所 | A kind of pest control method in flue orchard planting solanaceous crops |
| CN110839420A (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-02-28 | 海南北纬十八度果业有限公司 | Cutting planting and topdressing method for pitaya |
| CN111727825A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-10-02 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Household pitaya pot cultivation method |
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