RU2018127671A - Цеолитные частицы нанометровых размеров и способ их получения - Google Patents

Цеолитные частицы нанометровых размеров и способ их получения Download PDF

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RU2018127671A
RU2018127671A RU2018127671A RU2018127671A RU2018127671A RU 2018127671 A RU2018127671 A RU 2018127671A RU 2018127671 A RU2018127671 A RU 2018127671A RU 2018127671 A RU2018127671 A RU 2018127671A RU 2018127671 A RU2018127671 A RU 2018127671A
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zeolite
particles
paragraphs
starting
porous
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RU2018127671A
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RU2018127671A3 (ru
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Вильхельм ШВИГЕР
Альберт ГОНШЕ ФОРТУНАТУС МАШОК
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Фридрих-Александер-Универзитет Эрланген-Нюрнберг
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Claims (19)

1. Дисперсный материал, содержащий цеолитные частицы с кристаллической структурой, которые в качестве основного компонента содержат цеолитный материал с цеолитной каркасной структурой, образованной из атомов Si, O и, возможно, Al, и/или цеолитоподобный материал с цеолитной каркасной структурой, которая образована не только из атомов Si, O и, возможно, Al, отличающийся тем, что цеолитные частицы представляют собой по существу сферические частицы нанометровых размеров.
2. Дисперсный материал по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что он содержит цеолитные частицы, которые включают один или несколько металлсодержащих компонентов, которые не задействованы в структуре цеолитного каркасного материала.
3. Дисперсный материал по одному из пп. 1 или 2, отличающийся тем, что по меньшей мере 90% от полного числа цеолитных частиц имеют размер от 50 до 200 нм.
4. Дисперсный материал по одному из пп. 1-3, отличающийся тем, что цеолитная каркасная структура образована из тетраэдрических звеньев SiO2, причем до 30% всех атомов кремния в каркасной структуре могут быть заменены одним или несколькими другими решеткообразующими элементами, выбранными из элементов главных групп 3, 4 и 5 периодической системы.
5. Дисперсный материал по одному из пп. 1-4, отличающийся тем, что цеолитная каркасная структура представляет собой высокосиликатную цеолитную структуру.
6. Дисперсный материал по одному из пп. 1-5, отличающийся тем, что менее 10% цеолитных частиц, в расчете на число частиц, срослись друг с другом с образованием агрегатов.
7. Способ получения дисперсного материала, имеющего цеолитные частицы с кристаллической структурой, которые в качестве основного компонента содержат цеолитный материал с цеолитной каркасной структурой, образованной из атомов Si, O и, возможно, Al, и/или цеолитоподобный материал с цеолитной каркасной структурой, которая образована не только из атомов Si, O и, возможно, Al, причем цеолитные частицы представляют собой частицы нанометровых размеров, отличающийся тем, что способ включает следующие этапы
a) подготовка исходного материала, содержащего пористые исходные частицы, образованные из по меньшей мере одного оксида, который может образовать цеолитный материал с цеолитной каркасной структурой или цеолитоподобный материал с цеолитной каркасной структурой;
b) введение раствора или дисперсии органического соединения, которое может действовать как темплат для синтеза цеолитной каркасной структуры, в поры пористых исходных частиц,
и последующее полное или частичное удаление растворителя из раствора или дисперсии, так чтобы органическое соединение оставалось в порах пористых исходных частиц;
c) превращение полученного на этапе b) исходного материала, который содержит пористые исходные частицы с органическим соединением в порах, путем нагрева исходного материала в контакте с водяным паром, так чтобы образовались цеолитные частицы.
8. Способ по п. 7, где дисперсный материал, полученный указанным способом, является дисперсным материалом по одному из пп. 1-7, и при этом цеолитные частицы представляют собой по существу сферические частицы нанометровых размеров.
9. Способ по одному из пп. 7 или 8, где объем пор диаметром 1 нм или больше в пористых исходных частицах исходного материала лежит в интервале от 0,2 до 2,0 мл/г, в расчете на вес пористых исходных частиц.
10. Способ по одному из пп. 7-9, где введение раствора или дисперсии на этапе b) проводят так, чтобы раствор или дисперсия попадали во все открытые на поверхность частиц поры диаметром 1 нм или больше пористых исходных частиц исходного материала.
11. Способ по одному из пп. 7-10, где у полученных на этапе b) пористых исходных частиц степень заполнения органическим соединением пор диаметром 1 нм или больше, определенная как отношение объема содержащегося в порах органического соединения к объему мезопор в частицах, составляет от 50% до 100%.
12. Способ по одному из пп. 7-11, где на этапе b) в поры пористых исходных частиц исходного материала дополнительно вводится соединение металла.
13. Способ по одному из пп. 7-12, где органическое соединение является тетраорганоаммоний-катионом или тетраорганофосфоний-катионом.
14. Способ по одному из пп. 7-13, отличающийся тем, что по меньшей мере 90% от числа пористых исходных частиц исходного материала имеют размер от 100 нм до 1000 нм.
15. Применение дисперсного материала по одному из пп. 1-7 в качестве катализатора в гетерогенном каталитическом процессе, процессе сорбции, в качестве подложки для иммобилизации гостевых молекул, в качестве датчика или чувствительных элементов датчиков.
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