RU197914U1 - Rectangular chip with cells of two types for group classes on the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model “A rectangular chip with two types of cells for group classes in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory” refers to medicine in the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in the departments of neurorehabilitation of neurological and neurosurgical clinics during group classes in restoration and preventive training visual and spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic. A useful model contains a flat plastic base (1) of a rectangular shape, on the front and back surfaces of which are made the same depth cells (2, 3) in depth of two types: the main cell-indentations (2) of a rectangular forms, each of which is located in the central part of the front and back surfaces of the base (1), as well as additional cells-recesses (3) of rectangular shape of the same size, which are located on two opposite edges of the base (1); the number and location of the cells-recesses (2, 3) on the front and back surfaces of the base (1) is the same, and on the end surface of the base (1) there is an eyelet (6) with a through hole. Thus, the "Rectangular chip" for the account of its structural elements provides the comfort and convenience of conducting long-term group training courses for the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory with a wide contingent of patients in a neurological clinic, including patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hand tremors. The declared “Rectangular chip” introduces an element into the process of training novelties, turning them into an interesting and attractive neuropsychological training for patients. Due to the simplicity of design and ease of use, the "Rectangular Chip" can be widely used in clinical practice.

Description

This useful model relates to medicine in the section of neurology and neuropsychology and can be used in the departments of neurorehabilitation of neurological and neurosurgical clinics during group classes on the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic.

Of great importance for the effectiveness of rehabilitation education are the forms of its organization, which are used during classes with patients at a neurological clinic who have disorders of various mental functions.

Methods and forms of organization of restorative education should take into account the social nature of a person and create conditions for maximizing the use of all human capabilities and abilities, using the influence of the social environment and other social factors on a sick person (Tsvetkova L.S. Aphasia and restorative education. M; Moscow psychological -Social Institute of Voronezh: Publishing house NPO "MODEK", 2001, p. 81, 82).

One of the forms of organization of rehabilitation education, which is based on the use of the social environment and other social factors, is the group form of classes, which helps to increase the efficiency of restoration of impaired mental functions, expanding and complementing individual lessons with a specialist and independent studies of patients while they are in a neurological clinic .

Group lessons allow you to realize primarily the activity of communication and impact on the patient’s personality through the mechanisms of a small social group: interpersonal interaction, cooperation, cooperation, competition, etc. (Tsvetkova L.S. Aphasia and restorative education. M; Moscow Psychological and Social Institute Voronezh: Publishing house NPO MODEK, 2001, p. 9).

According to the specialist in group dynamics, Marvin Shaw, a small social group is a community consisting of two or more interacting and influencing individuals (Myers D. Social Psychology. - St. Petersburg: Peter, 1997).

The use of the group form of classes helps to increase the effectiveness of rehabilitation training when working on restoration of various types of memory in patients of a neurological clinic, one of which is visual-spatial memory.

To conduct group exercises on the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory in patients of a neurological clinic, various devices and simulators are used.

So, from the existing level of technology, the device is known as a "simulator-square for group exercises on restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory by storing images in square cells" (Patent RU 192207 U1 of 09/06/2019).

Structurally, this device is a square-shaped base, on the side surface of which there is a handle, and on both sides of the base are square recess cells.

During classes with this device, one of the patients enters various images into the cell-recesses on one side of the base, after which the other patient remembers the image data, and from memory writes them into the cell-recesses on the other side of the base.

The disadvantages of this device when it is used during group classes for the restoration and preventive training of visual and spatial memory of the clinic is:

a) the need to constantly transfer the device during classes from one patient to another;

b) the need to hold the device during training by the handle.

Also, from the existing level of technology, the device “Quadrangular chip for group exercises to restore visual memory in patients with a neurological clinic” is known (RU 196218 U1 of 02.19.2020).

Structurally, this device is a flat plastic base of a quadrangular shape, on each side of which a recess cell is made, in which one of the patients enters an image, after which the other patient remembers this image and inscribes it in memory into the recess cell on the other side of the base.

The disadvantage of this device when it is used during group classes for the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory is that it is intended primarily for working with visual memory and is not intended for classes in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory.

In order to overcome the shortcomings of the above simulators and devices, as well as to expand the arsenal of devices intended for group classes in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory, a "Rectangular chip with cells of two types for group classes in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory" has been developed (hereinafter referred to as the "Rectangular Chip").

The tasks to be solved by the claimed technical solution are:

a) ensuring the possibility of conducting group exercises with patients at the neurological clinic aimed at restoring impaired visual spatial memory;

b) providing the possibility of conducting group exercises aimed at preventive training of the visuospatial memory of patients with a slight memory impairment;

c) ensuring the comfort of training with the "Rectangular chip" due to the lack of the need to hold it in the patient’s hand, as well as the convenience of lifting it from a horizontal surface;

d) maintaining the interest of patients in the process of training through the use of a new device;

e) providing the possibility of using the "Rectangular Chip" an unlimited number of times due to the fact that it is made of plastic, and graphic operations are performed on its surfaces by means of an easily erasable water marker;

f) ensuring the possibility of conducting long-term courses for the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory due to an unlimited number of tasks, the formation of which is carried out by the patients themselves;

g) providing the opportunity to conduct classes for patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hand tremor due to the fact that the cells of the "Rectangular Chip" are made in the form of recesses that do not allow the writing instrument to go beyond them;

h) the simplicity of the design of the "Rectangular Chip", contributing to its widespread adoption in clinical practice.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is to expand the arsenal of devices designed for group classes in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory, which helps to maintain the interest of patients in the learning process and is provided by the structural elements of the claimed "Rectangular Chip", providing comfort and convenience of long-term courses group classes on restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory with a wide contingent of patients in a neurological clinic, including patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hand tremor.

This technical result is achieved due to the fact that the "Rectangular chip" contains a flat plastic base of rectangular shape, on the front and back surfaces of which are made the same depth cells of the recesses of two types: the main cells are recesses of a rectangular shape, each of which is located in the central part the front and back surfaces of the base, as well as additional cells-recesses of rectangular shape of the same size, which are located on two opposite edges of the base; the number and location of the cell-recesses on the front and back surfaces of the base is the same, and on the end surface of the base there is an eye with a through hole.

In the preferred embodiment of the "Rectangular Chip" the number of additional cells-recesses on each surface of the base may be 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18 or 20 pieces.

In a preferred embodiment of the “Rectangular Chip”, notches are made on the end surface of the base.

In a preferred embodiment of the “Rectangular Chip", a mark is applied to the front surface of the base.

In a preferred embodiment of the "Rectangular Chip", the recess cells are highlighted in a color different from the base color.

The essence of the utility model "Rectangular chip with cells of two types for group classes on the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory" is illustrated by the drawings, which depict:

In FIG. 1 - general view of the "Rectangular Chip";

In FIG. 2 is a side view of a "Rectangular Chip";

In FIG. 3 - section aa

The claimed “Rectangular chip” is a flat plastic base (1), rectangular in shape, on the front and back surfaces of which are made the same depth cells-recesses (2, 3) of two types:

a) the main cell-recesses (2) are rectangular in shape, each of which is located in the central part of the front and back surfaces of the base (1) and is designed to enter various images (objects, figures, etc.) with a water marker during classes;

b) additional cells-recesses (3) of rectangular shape of the same size, which are located on two opposite edges of the base (1) and are designed to enter various icons (checkmarks, dots) with a water marker during the classes.

The following dimensions of this particular “Rectangular Chip” are not signs that narrow the scope of legal protection, as they may change during the process of its creation.

The base (1) of the "Rectangular Chip" has the shape of a rectangle having a vertical or horizontal orientation with side sizes of 40-80 mm and 30-60 mm.

With an equal size of the sides, the base (1) may be in the form of a square.

The thickness of the base (1) of the "Rectangular Chip" is 4-8 mm.

Additional cell recesses (3) can be located on the left and right edges of each surface of the base (1) or on the upper and lower edges of each surface of the base (1).

The main and additional cell-recesses (2, 3) are separated from the edges of the base (1) by beads (4) of the same width.

Additional cell-recesses (3) are separated from each other and from the main cell-recesses (2) by jumpers (5) of the same width.

The width of the shoulders (4) is 3-6 mm, and the width of the jumpers (5) is 2-4 mm.

The number of additional recess cells (3) located on each edge of each base surface (1) is the same.

At the same time, the number of additional recess cells (3) on each surface of the base (1) can be 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, or 20 pieces.

The location of the main and additional cells-recesses (2, 3) on the front and back surfaces of the base (1) is the same.

The depth of the main and additional cell-recesses (2, 3) is the same and is 1-2 mm.

Thus, the design features of the main and additional cells-recesses (2, 3) facilitate the process of inscribing various images and icons into them with a water marker for patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hand tremor. At the same time, the small depth of the main and additional cells-recesses (2, 3) does not prevent the removal of the images and icons inscribed in them by means of a sponge designed to erase water markers.

On the end surface of the base (1) in the center of one of its sides there is an eyelet (6) with a through hole.

"The eye - a device on the side of various objects for more convenient lifting, holding, hanging, etc." (Explanatory dictionary of the Russian language by Efremova. The meaning of the word ear, found on March 30, 2020 on the Internet at https://www.efremova.info/word/ushko.html#.XkdSQxtn3IU).

The thickness of the eyelet (6) is 2-4 mm less than the thickness of the base (1) of the "Rectangular Chip", and its width is 6-10 mm. The diameter of the through hole is 3-7 mm.

Thus, the eyelet (6) provides the implementation of the following functions:

a) serves as a reference point for the same spatial arrangement of images and icons inscribed in the main and additional cell-indentations (2, 3) during the classes;

b) implements the possibility of installing a metal ring in it, which provides additional convenience when lifting the "Rectangular chips" from a horizontal surface;

c) provides the possibility of threading a lace connecting several “Rectangular tokens” with each other, in the case of a group session with the simultaneous use of several “Rectangular tokens”.

For the convenience of lifting and holding the "Rectangular chip" when it is turned over, notches (7) are made on the end surface of the base (1).

For the convenience of practicing patients with a "Rectangular chip", a mark (8) is applied (for example, with dark paint) to the front surface of the base (1), which can be made, for example, in the form of a rectangle.

For better perception by patients of the cells-recesses (2, 3), they are highlighted in a color (for example, by means of paint) that differs from the color of the base (1).

Work with the utility model “A rectangular chip with two types of cells for group classes in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory” is carried out as follows.

Before starting classes, the specialist forms a group of two patients with approximately the same degree of visual and spatial memory impairment.

In this case, one of the patients in the group is appointed by the specialist forming the task, and the other patient is performing the task.

Next, the patient, forming the task, holding the “Rectangular chip” located on the desktop by the shoulder (4), writes the image (object, figure, etc.) with a water marker in the main cell-recess (2) on the front surface of the base (1), also highlighting one or more additional cells-recesses (3) by entering icons (checkmarks, dots) in them.

In this case, the complexity of the images that fit into the main cell-recess (2) and the number of allocated additional cells-recesses (3) is determined by a specialist depending on the degree of violation of the visual-spatial memory of patients.

After that, the patient performing the task, within a specified time interval of the specialist (from 20 seconds or more), remembers the image inscribed in the main cell-recess (2) and the location of the selected additional cell-recesses (3), after which it flips the "Rectangular chip" and from memory, enter the image in the main cell-recess (2) and selects the corresponding additional cell-recesses (3) on the back surface of the base (1).

In case of difficulty, the patient performing the task may briefly turn the “Rectangular Chip", thus receiving a hint.

Verification of the correctness of the task is carried out by comparing the images in the main cells-recesses (2) and the selected additional cells-recesses (3) on the front and back surfaces of the base (1) of the “Rectangular Chip”.

Further, all the images and icons entered in the recesses (2, 3) are deleted with a sponge to erase water markers, the patient forming the task, and the patient performing the task change roles and the entire sequence of actions is repeated a number of times specified by the specialist.

Along with the method described above, group exercises can be carried out by another method, based on the simultaneous use of several (from 2 to 4) "Rectangular Chips".

In this case, the patient, forming the task, enters images into the main cell-recesses (2) and selects additional cell-recesses (3) on the front surfaces of the used “Rectangular Chips”, located in a row on the surface of the desktop.

After that, the patient performing the task, within the time specified by the specialist (from 20 seconds or more) remembers the images in the main cells-recesses (2) and the location of the selected additional cell-recesses (3) of the used “Rectangular chips”.

Further, “Rectangular chips” are turned over, and the patient performing the task should try to write the images into the main recess cells (2) from memory and select additional recess cells (3) on the reverse surfaces of the bases (1) of the “Rectangular chips” used.

Verification of the correctness of the task is carried out by sequentially comparing the images in the main cells-recesses (2) and the location of the selected additional cells-recesses (3) on the front and back surfaces of the used "Rectangular chips".

For the convenience of practicing patients with several “Rectangular tokens”, a string connecting them to each other can be threaded through the eyelet (6) of each “Rectangular tokens”.

After mastering the work with the "Rectangular Chip" under the guidance of a specialist, patients get the opportunity to conduct independent group exercises with it.

The effectiveness of using the “Rectangular Chip” during the classes for restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory is ensured by the fact that the social process influences the mental sphere of patients in a neurological clinic through the mechanisms of a small social group: interpersonal interaction, cooperation, cooperation, competition and Other important is the fact that in case of lack of motivation for classes in one sick group, he is prompted to classes by another patient.

Along with classes on the restoration of visual-spatial memory, the “Rectangular chip” is also intended for use during classes on preventive training of visual-spatial memory, the main difference of which is the high complexity of the images that fit into the main cell-recess (2), a larger number allocated additional cells-recesses (3) and a shorter time interval for storing an image in the main cell-recesses (2) and the location of the selected additional cells-recesses (3).

In addition, the "Rectangular chip" can be effectively used in a number of other cases:

a) when conducting correctional and developing classes with children with impaired formation of visual-spatial memory;

b) when conducting neurocognitive trainings with people of advanced and senile age;

c) as a chip of a developmental game aimed at developing and training visual-spatial memory in healthy children;

d) as chips of a memory simulator for healthy adults who want to improve their memory;

e) as a souvenir product, for example, a keychain for keys or bags, providing the opportunity to exercise visual-spatial memory in various conditions.

Thus, the “Rectangular chip with cells of two types for group classes in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory" due to its structural elements provides the comfort and convenience of long-term courses of group classes in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory with a wide contingent of patients neurological clinic, including patients with impaired fine motor skills and the presence of hand tremor.

The declared “Rectangular Chip” introduces an element of novelty into the training process, turning them into an interesting and attractive neuropsychological training for patients.

Due to the simplicity of design and ease of use, the "Rectangular Chip" can be widely used in clinical practice.

Claims (5)

1. A rectangular chip with two types of cells for group classes in the restoration and preventive training of visual-spatial memory, characterized in that it contains a flat plastic base of a rectangular shape, on the front and back surfaces of which are made the same in depth cells of the recess of two types: main cells - rectangular recesses, each of which is located in the central part of the front and back surfaces of the base, as well as additional rectangular-shaped recesses of the same size, which are located on two opposite edges of the base; the number and location of the cells-recesses on the front and back surfaces of the base is the same, and on the end surface of the base there is an eye with a through hole. 2. The rectangular chip according to claim 1, characterized in that the number of additional cell-recesses on each surface of the base can be 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, or 20 pieces. 3. The rectangular chip according to claim 1, characterized in that notches are made on the end surface of the base. 4. The rectangular chip according to claim 1, characterized in that a mark is applied to the front surface of the base. 5. The rectangular chip according to claim 1, characterized in that the cell recesses are highlighted in a color different from the color of the base.

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