PH23014A - Novel insulin derivatives,their use and pharmaceutical agents for the treatment of diabetes mellitus - Google Patents
Novel insulin derivatives,their use and pharmaceutical agents for the treatment of diabetes mellitusInfo
- Publication number
- PH23014A PH23014A PH31009A PH31009A PH23014A PH 23014 A PH23014 A PH 23014A PH 31009 A PH31009 A PH 31009A PH 31009 A PH31009 A PH 31009A PH 23014 A PH23014 A PH 23014A
- Authority
- PH
- Philippines
- Prior art keywords
- treatment
- diabetes mellitus
- pharmaceutical agents
- insulin derivatives
- novel insulin
- Prior art date
Links
- 206010012601 diabetes mellitus Diseases 0.000 title 1
- NOESYZHRGYRDHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N insulin Chemical class N1C(=O)C(NC(=O)C(CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)CN)C(C)CC)CSSCC(C(NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)NC(CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C(=O)NC(CCC(N)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(N)=O)C(=O)NC(CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C(=O)NC(CSSCC(NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(C)NC(=O)C(CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC=2NC=NC=2)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)CNC2=O)C(=O)NCC(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)NCC(=O)NC(CC=3C=CC=CC=3)C(=O)NC(CC=3C=CC=CC=3)C(=O)NC(CC=3C=CC(O)=CC=3)C(=O)NC(C(C)O)C(=O)N3C(CCC3)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(C)C(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(N)=O)C(O)=O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)CC)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)C(C(C)O)NC(=O)C1CSSCC2NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(CC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(N)CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(C)C)CC1=CN=CN1 NOESYZHRGYRDHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title 1
- 239000008177 pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 title 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- C07K14/435—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
- C07K14/575—Hormones
- C07K14/62—Insulins
- C07K14/622—Insulins at least 1 amino acid in D-form
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/08—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/08—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
- A61P3/10—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis for hyperglycaemia, e.g. antidiabetics
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07K—PEPTIDES
- C07K14/00—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof
- C07K14/435—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans
- C07K14/575—Hormones
- C07K14/62—Insulins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S930/00—Peptide or protein sequence
- Y10S930/01—Peptide or protein sequence
- Y10S930/26—Containing cys-cys disulfide bridge between nonadjacent cysteine residues
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Diabetes (AREA)
- Endocrinology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Gastroenterology & Hepatology (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Obesity (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)
- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19833326472 DE3326472A1 (de) | 1983-07-22 | 1983-07-22 | Neue insulin-derivate, verfahren zu deren herstellung und deren verwendung sowie pharmazeutische mittel zur behandlung des diabetes mellitus |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| PH23014A true PH23014A (en) | 1989-03-03 |
Family
ID=6204660
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PH31009A PH23014A (en) | 1983-07-22 | 1984-07-20 | Novel insulin derivatives,their use and pharmaceutical agents for the treatment of diabetes mellitus |
Country Status (20)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4701440A (OSRAM) |
| EP (1) | EP0132770B1 (OSRAM) |
| JP (2) | JPS6042397A (OSRAM) |
| AR (1) | AR241864A1 (OSRAM) |
| AT (1) | ATE29729T1 (OSRAM) |
| AU (1) | AU569097B2 (OSRAM) |
| CA (1) | CA1246548A (OSRAM) |
| DE (2) | DE3326472A1 (OSRAM) |
| DK (2) | DK172211B1 (OSRAM) |
| ES (2) | ES534487A0 (OSRAM) |
| FI (1) | FI79854C (OSRAM) |
| GR (1) | GR81551B (OSRAM) |
| HU (1) | HUT37805A (OSRAM) |
| IE (1) | IE57709B1 (OSRAM) |
| IL (1) | IL72469A (OSRAM) |
| NO (1) | NO167810C (OSRAM) |
| NZ (1) | NZ208959A (OSRAM) |
| PH (1) | PH23014A (OSRAM) |
| PT (1) | PT78940A (OSRAM) |
| ZA (1) | ZA845620B (OSRAM) |
Families Citing this family (46)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3327928A1 (de) * | 1983-08-03 | 1985-02-21 | Hoechst Ag, 6230 Frankfurt | Verfahren zur herstellung von insulin-derivaten |
| DE3333640A1 (de) * | 1983-09-17 | 1985-04-25 | Hoechst Ag, 6230 Frankfurt | Verfahren zur herstellung von insulin-derivaten, deren b-kette c-terminal verlaengert ist, neue basisch modifizierte insulin-derivate diese enthaltende mittel und ihre verwendung |
| DE3501641A1 (de) * | 1985-01-19 | 1986-07-24 | Hoechst Ag, 6230 Frankfurt | Verfahren zur gewinnung von insulin-vorlaeufern aus reaktionsgemischen, die bei der faltung von insulin-vorlaeufern aus den entsprechenden s-sulfonaten anfallen |
| DK113585D0 (da) * | 1985-03-12 | 1985-03-12 | Novo Industri As | Nye peptider |
| US4946828A (en) * | 1985-03-12 | 1990-08-07 | Novo Nordisk A/S | Novel insulin peptides |
| US4764592A (en) * | 1987-04-23 | 1988-08-16 | Eli Lilly And Company | Crystalline human proinsulin and process for its production |
| DE3717370A1 (de) * | 1987-05-22 | 1988-12-01 | Hoechst Ag | Mischkristalle aus insulin und insulinderivaten, verfahren zur herstellung dieser mischkristalle, diese mischkristalle enthaltende pharmazeutische mittel und ihre verwendung zur behandlung von diabetes mellitus |
| US4789660A (en) * | 1987-09-10 | 1988-12-06 | American Home Products Corporation | Insulin administration using methyl and propyl paraben |
| DE3827533A1 (de) * | 1988-08-13 | 1990-02-15 | Hoechst Ag | Pharmazeutische zubereitung zur behandlung des diabetes mellitus |
| DE3837825A1 (de) * | 1988-11-08 | 1990-05-10 | Hoechst Ag | Neue insulinderivate, ihre verwendung und eine sie enthaltende pharmazeutische zubereitung |
| JPH04502465A (ja) * | 1988-12-23 | 1992-05-07 | ノボ ノルディスク アクティーゼルスカブ | ヒトインシュリン類似物質 |
| US5716927A (en) * | 1988-12-23 | 1998-02-10 | Novo Nordisk A/S | Insulin analogs having a modified B-chain |
| DK134189D0 (da) * | 1989-03-20 | 1989-03-20 | Nordisk Gentofte | Insulinforbindelser |
| DE3936876A1 (de) * | 1989-11-06 | 1991-05-23 | Hoechst Ag | Neue insulinderivate, verfahren zu deren herstellung, ihre verwendung und eine sie enthaltende pharmazeutische zubereitung |
| WO1992010284A2 (en) | 1990-12-07 | 1992-06-25 | Cnc Development, Inc. | Catalytic chemical reactor |
| YU66892A (sh) * | 1991-08-20 | 1995-10-24 | Hoechst Ag. | Fosfoinositolglikan - peptid sa delovanjem kao insulin |
| CZ342492A3 (en) * | 1991-11-26 | 1993-06-16 | Lilly Co Eli | Derivatives of tri-arginine insulin, process of their preparation and a pharmaceutical composition in which said derivatives are comprised |
| DE59209745D1 (de) * | 1991-11-29 | 1999-10-21 | Hoechst Ag | Peptide mit insulinartiger Wirkung |
| US5504188A (en) * | 1994-06-16 | 1996-04-02 | Eli Lilly And Company | Preparation of stable zinc insulin analog crystals |
| DK0821006T3 (da) | 1996-07-26 | 2004-08-16 | Aventis Pharma Gmbh | Insulinderivater med öget zinkbinding |
| DE19649350A1 (de) * | 1996-11-28 | 1998-06-04 | Hoechst Ag | Inositolglykane mit insulinartiger Wirkung |
| US6444641B1 (en) | 1997-10-24 | 2002-09-03 | Eli Lilly Company | Fatty acid-acylated insulin analogs |
| DE19825447A1 (de) | 1998-06-06 | 1999-12-09 | Hoechst Marion Roussel De Gmbh | Neue Insulinanaloga mit erhöhter Zinkbildung |
| AU782966B2 (en) | 1999-06-08 | 2005-09-15 | University Of Iowa Research Foundation, The | Compounds and methods to enhance RAAV transduction |
| AU2002248464A1 (en) | 2001-02-21 | 2002-09-12 | Medtronic Minimed, Inc. | Stabilized insulin formulations |
| US6605155B2 (en) * | 2001-02-21 | 2003-08-12 | Seiwa Pro Co., Ltd. | Remover for scale deposited on titanium material |
| DE10114178A1 (de) | 2001-03-23 | 2002-10-10 | Aventis Pharma Gmbh | Zinkfreie und zinkarme Insulinzubereitungen mit verbesserter Stabilität |
| DE10227232A1 (de) * | 2002-06-18 | 2004-01-15 | Aventis Pharma Deutschland Gmbh | Saure Insulinzubereitungen mit verbesserter Stabilität |
| US7749491B2 (en) | 2003-03-31 | 2010-07-06 | University Of Iowa Research Foundation | Compounds and methods to enhance rAAV transduction |
| WO2004104026A1 (en) * | 2003-05-21 | 2004-12-02 | Biotech Tools S.A. | Peptide complex |
| US7833513B2 (en) | 2004-12-03 | 2010-11-16 | Rhode Island Hospital | Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease |
| CN105396126A (zh) | 2008-10-17 | 2016-03-16 | 赛诺菲-安万特德国有限公司 | 胰岛素和glp-1激动剂的组合 |
| EP3345593B1 (de) | 2009-11-13 | 2023-09-06 | Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland GmbH | Pharmazeutische zusammensetzung umfassend despro36exendin-4(1-39)-lys6-nh2 und methionin |
| US10029011B2 (en) | 2009-11-13 | 2018-07-24 | Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland Gmbh | Pharmaceutical composition comprising a GLP-1 agonist, an insulin and methionine |
| AU2010360116B2 (en) | 2010-08-30 | 2014-06-26 | Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland Gmbh | Use of AVE0010 for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of diabetes mellitus type 2 |
| US9821032B2 (en) | 2011-05-13 | 2017-11-21 | Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland Gmbh | Pharmaceutical combination for improving glycemic control as add-on therapy to basal insulin |
| ES2550357T3 (es) | 2011-08-29 | 2015-11-06 | Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland Gmbh | Combinación farmacéutica para su uso en el control glucémico en pacientes de diabetes de tipo 2 |
| TWI559929B (en) | 2011-09-01 | 2016-12-01 | Sanofi Aventis Deutschland | Pharmaceutical composition for use in the treatment of a neurodegenerative disease |
| CA2970200A1 (en) | 2014-12-12 | 2016-06-16 | Sanofi-Aventis Deutschland Gmbh | Insulin glargine/lixisenatide fixed ratio formulation |
| TWI748945B (zh) | 2015-03-13 | 2021-12-11 | 德商賽諾菲阿凡提斯德意志有限公司 | 第２型糖尿病病患治療 |
| TW201705975A (zh) | 2015-03-18 | 2017-02-16 | 賽諾菲阿凡提斯德意志有限公司 | 第２型糖尿病病患之治療 |
| US11702672B2 (en) | 2016-02-08 | 2023-07-18 | University Of Iowa Research Foundation | Methods to produce chimeric adeno-associated virus/bocavirus parvovirus |
| AU2017229347A1 (en) | 2016-03-07 | 2018-11-01 | University Of Iowa Research Foundation | AAV-mediated expression using a synthetic promoter and enhancer |
| US12173305B2 (en) | 2016-05-26 | 2024-12-24 | University Of Iowa Research Foundation | cis and trans requirements for terminal resolution of human bocavirus 1 |
| US11142775B2 (en) | 2017-01-13 | 2021-10-12 | University Of Iowa Research Foundation | Bocaparvovirus small noncoding RNA and uses thereof |
| JP7439062B2 (ja) | 2018-09-19 | 2024-02-27 | ノヴォ・ノルディスク・リサーチ・センター・オックスフォード・リミテッド | グルコース感受性インスリンおよびその使用 |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2256215C3 (de) * | 1972-11-16 | 1981-01-08 | Hoechst Ag, 6000 Frankfurt | Insulin-Zubereitung mit einem Gehalt an kristallinem Insulin und amorphem Desphenylalanin8' -insulin |
| DE2460753A1 (de) * | 1974-12-21 | 1976-06-24 | Hoechst Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung von humaninsulin |
| EP0017938B1 (en) * | 1979-04-13 | 1983-08-03 | Shionogi & Co., Ltd. | Process for preparing a b30-threonine insulin |
| DK319780A (da) * | 1980-07-24 | 1982-01-25 | Forenede Bryggerier As | Fremgangsmaade til enzymatisk udskiftning af b-30 aminosyren i insuliner |
| DE3209184A1 (de) * | 1982-03-13 | 1983-09-15 | Hoechst Ag, 6230 Frankfurt | Verfahren zur umwandlung von praeproinsulinanaloga zu insulinen |
| NL8201650A (nl) * | 1982-04-21 | 1983-11-16 | Akzo Nv | Semisynthetische bereiding van humane insuline. |
| DE3327928A1 (de) * | 1983-08-03 | 1985-02-21 | Hoechst Ag, 6230 Frankfurt | Verfahren zur herstellung von insulin-derivaten |
| DE3333640A1 (de) * | 1983-09-17 | 1985-04-25 | Hoechst Ag, 6230 Frankfurt | Verfahren zur herstellung von insulin-derivaten, deren b-kette c-terminal verlaengert ist, neue basisch modifizierte insulin-derivate diese enthaltende mittel und ihre verwendung |
| DE3334407A1 (de) * | 1983-09-23 | 1985-04-04 | Hoechst Ag, 6230 Frankfurt | In position b 30 modifizierte insulin-derivate, verfahren zu deren herstellung und deren verwendung sowie pharmazeutische mittel zur behandlung des diabetes mellitus |
| JPH118546A (ja) * | 1997-04-24 | 1999-01-12 | Hitachi Ltd | Ｃｍｏｓ回路 |
-
1983
- 1983-07-22 DE DE19833326472 patent/DE3326472A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1984
- 1984-07-16 HU HU842766A patent/HUT37805A/hu unknown
- 1984-07-17 AR AR84297267A patent/AR241864A1/es active
- 1984-07-18 GR GR75343A patent/GR81551B/el unknown
- 1984-07-18 EP EP84108442A patent/EP0132770B1/de not_active Expired
- 1984-07-18 AT AT84108442T patent/ATE29729T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1984-07-18 DE DE8484108442T patent/DE3466227D1/de not_active Expired
- 1984-07-19 FI FI842914A patent/FI79854C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1984-07-19 PT PT78940A patent/PT78940A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1984-07-20 CA CA000459386A patent/CA1246548A/en not_active Expired
- 1984-07-20 IE IE1889/84A patent/IE57709B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1984-07-20 AU AU30922/84A patent/AU569097B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1984-07-20 ES ES534487A patent/ES534487A0/es active Granted
- 1984-07-20 PH PH31009A patent/PH23014A/en unknown
- 1984-07-20 NZ NZ208959A patent/NZ208959A/xx unknown
- 1984-07-20 DK DK358284A patent/DK172211B1/da not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1984-07-20 IL IL72469A patent/IL72469A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1984-07-20 ZA ZA845620A patent/ZA845620B/xx unknown
- 1984-07-20 NO NO842977A patent/NO167810C/no not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1984-07-20 JP JP59149784A patent/JPS6042397A/ja active Granted
- 1984-09-06 ES ES535706A patent/ES8505646A1/es not_active Expired
-
1986
- 1986-06-06 US US06/873,456 patent/US4701440A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1989
- 1989-02-22 JP JP1040427A patent/JPH01294634A/ja active Granted
-
1990
- 1990-01-04 DK DK001790A patent/DK172209B1/da not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| PH23014A (en) | Novel insulin derivatives,their use and pharmaceutical agents for the treatment of diabetes mellitus | |
| GB2100605B (en) | Bandage for administering drugs. | |
| EG18268A (en) | Medicament for the treatment of inflammation of the eye | |
| GB2101482B (en) | Pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of diabetes mellitus | |
| HU912266D0 (en) | Process for the production of solid medical preparations with controlled portioning of the active agents for oral use | |
| GB8711564D0 (en) | Medical syringe | |
| FI893783L (fi) | Menetelmä diabetes mellituksen hoitoon tarkoitetun farmaseuttisen valmisteen valmistamiseksi | |
| IL62847A (en) | Pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of juvenile diabetes mellitus comprising insulin and l-carnitine and/or an l-acylcarnitine | |
| KR950005743B1 (en) | Thiazole derivatives, their preparation and their use in the treatment of diabetes complications | |
| EP0129478A3 (en) | 2-sulfamoylbenzo (b) thiophene derivatives, their preparation and pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of elevated intraocular pressure | |
| EP0278452A3 (en) | 2,4- and 2,5-pyridine-dicarboxylic-acid derivatives, process for their preparation, their use and medicines based on these compounds | |
| GB2154448B (en) | Pharmaceutical compositions for the treatment of diabetes and of hepatic diseases and malfunctions | |
| ZA855072B (en) | Heterocyclic pharmaceutical compounds,preparation and use | |
| ZA844539B (en) | 3-phenyl-4-cyanopyrrole derivatives,the preparation thereof,and method of use thereof as microbicides | |
| DE3479728D1 (en) | Derivatives of thiophenesulfonamide, their preparation and pharmaceutical composition for the topical treatment of elevated intraocular pressure | |
| PH16253A (en) | Dibenzazepine derivatives,pharmaceutical composition containing them and use of the compound | |
| EE03090B1 (et) | Kinoliin-3-karboksamiidühendite kasutamine kompositsiooni valmistamiseks I tüüpi suhkurtõve raviks | |
| ZA872972B (en) | Benzothiazinone derivatives,processes for their preparation,medicaments containing them and their use | |
| FI843695A7 (fi) | Insuliini-johdannaisia, joissa B 30-asema on modifioitu, menetelmiä niiden valmistamiseksi ja niiden käyttö sekä sokeritaudin hoitoon tarkoitettuja lääkeaineita. | |
| ZA825302B (en) | Medicine for the treatment of diabetes | |
| ZA822176B (en) | Pharmaceutical compositions for the treatment of diabetes | |
| ZA877303B (en) | Pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of high blood pressure | |
| IL91274A0 (en) | New benzazole derivatives,processes for their preparation and pharmaceutical preparations containing such compounds and the use thereof | |
| ZA876485B (en) | 5-aminoethyloxazolidin-2-one derivatives,process for the preparation thereof and their therapeutic use | |
| IL111361A0 (en) | Pharmaceutical compositions for the treatment of insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (iddm) |