NO894819L - Nye lysophingolipid-derivater. - Google Patents

Nye lysophingolipid-derivater.

Info

Publication number
NO894819L
NO894819L NO89894819A NO894819A NO894819L NO 894819 L NO894819 L NO 894819L NO 89894819 A NO89894819 A NO 89894819A NO 894819 A NO894819 A NO 894819A NO 894819 L NO894819 L NO 894819L
Authority
NO
Norway
Prior art keywords
derivatives
ophingolipid
lysosphingolipids
integer
new light
Prior art date
Application number
NO89894819A
Other languages
English (en)
Norwegian (no)
Other versions
NO894819D0 (no
Inventor
Francesco Della Valle
Aurelio Romeo
Original Assignee
Fidia Spa
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fidia Spa filed Critical Fidia Spa
Publication of NO894819D0 publication Critical patent/NO894819D0/no
Publication of NO894819L publication Critical patent/NO894819L/no

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07HSUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
    • C07H15/00Compounds containing hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to hetero atoms of saccharide radicals
    • C07H15/02Acyclic radicals, not substituted by cyclic structures
    • C07H15/04Acyclic radicals, not substituted by cyclic structures attached to an oxygen atom of the saccharide radical
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C215/00Compounds containing amino and hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
    • C07C215/02Compounds containing amino and hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having hydroxy groups and amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton
    • C07C215/04Compounds containing amino and hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having hydroxy groups and amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being saturated
    • C07C215/06Compounds containing amino and hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having hydroxy groups and amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being saturated and acyclic
    • C07C215/10Compounds containing amino and hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having hydroxy groups and amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being saturated and acyclic with one amino group and at least two hydroxy groups bound to the carbon skeleton
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61PSPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P25/00Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
    • A61P25/28Drugs for disorders of the nervous system for treating neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, e.g. nootropic agents, cognition enhancers, drugs for treating Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C215/00Compounds containing amino and hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
    • C07C215/02Compounds containing amino and hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having hydroxy groups and amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton
    • C07C215/22Compounds containing amino and hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having hydroxy groups and amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being unsaturated
    • C07C215/24Compounds containing amino and hydroxy groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having hydroxy groups and amino groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being unsaturated and acyclic
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C233/00Carboxylic acid amides
    • C07C233/01Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms
    • C07C233/16Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by singly-bound oxygen atoms
    • C07C233/17Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by singly-bound oxygen atoms with the substituted hydrocarbon radical bound to the nitrogen atom of the carboxamide group by an acyclic carbon atom
    • C07C233/18Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by singly-bound oxygen atoms with the substituted hydrocarbon radical bound to the nitrogen atom of the carboxamide group by an acyclic carbon atom having the carbon atom of the carboxamide group bound to a hydrogen atom or to a carbon atom of an acyclic saturated carbon skeleton
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C233/00Carboxylic acid amides
    • C07C233/01Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms
    • C07C233/16Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by singly-bound oxygen atoms
    • C07C233/17Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by singly-bound oxygen atoms with the substituted hydrocarbon radical bound to the nitrogen atom of the carboxamide group by an acyclic carbon atom
    • C07C233/20Carboxylic acid amides having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to a carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by singly-bound oxygen atoms with the substituted hydrocarbon radical bound to the nitrogen atom of the carboxamide group by an acyclic carbon atom having the carbon atom of the carboxamide group bound to a carbon atom of an acyclic unsaturated carbon skeleton
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C235/00Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by oxygen atoms
    • C07C235/02Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by oxygen atoms having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton
    • C07C235/04Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by oxygen atoms having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated
    • C07C235/08Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by oxygen atoms having carbon atoms of carboxamide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms and singly-bound oxygen atoms bound to the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated having the nitrogen atom of at least one of the carboxamide groups bound to an acyclic carbon atom of a hydrocarbon radical substituted by singly-bound oxygen atoms
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C237/00Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by amino groups
    • C07C237/02Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by amino groups having the carbon atoms of the carboxamide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the carbon skeleton
    • C07C237/22Carboxylic acid amides, the carbon skeleton of the acid part being further substituted by amino groups having the carbon atoms of the carboxamide groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the carbon skeleton having nitrogen atoms of amino groups bound to the carbon skeleton of the acid part, further acylated
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C255/00Carboxylic acid nitriles
    • C07C255/01Carboxylic acid nitriles having cyano groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
    • C07C255/19Carboxylic acid nitriles having cyano groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms containing cyano groups and carboxyl groups, other than cyano groups, bound to the same saturated acyclic carbon skeleton
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07CACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07C323/00Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides substituted by halogen, oxygen or nitrogen atoms, or by sulfur atoms not being part of thio groups
    • C07C323/50Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides substituted by halogen, oxygen or nitrogen atoms, or by sulfur atoms not being part of thio groups containing thio groups and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
    • C07C323/51Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides substituted by halogen, oxygen or nitrogen atoms, or by sulfur atoms not being part of thio groups containing thio groups and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having the sulfur atoms of the thio groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the carbon skeleton
    • C07C323/57Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides substituted by halogen, oxygen or nitrogen atoms, or by sulfur atoms not being part of thio groups containing thio groups and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having the sulfur atoms of the thio groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being further substituted by nitrogen atoms, not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
    • C07C323/58Thiols, sulfides, hydropolysulfides or polysulfides substituted by halogen, oxygen or nitrogen atoms, or by sulfur atoms not being part of thio groups containing thio groups and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having the sulfur atoms of the thio groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being further substituted by nitrogen atoms, not being part of nitro or nitroso groups with amino groups bound to the carbon skeleton
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07FACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
    • C07F9/00Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
    • C07F9/02Phosphorus compounds
    • C07F9/06Phosphorus compounds without P—C bonds
    • C07F9/08Esters of oxyacids of phosphorus
    • C07F9/09Esters of phosphoric acids
    • C07F9/10Phosphatides, e.g. lecithin
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07HSUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
    • C07H15/00Compounds containing hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon radicals directly attached to hetero atoms of saccharide radicals
    • C07H15/02Acyclic radicals, not substituted by cyclic structures
    • C07H15/04Acyclic radicals, not substituted by cyclic structures attached to an oxygen atom of the saccharide radical
    • C07H15/10Acyclic radicals, not substituted by cyclic structures attached to an oxygen atom of the saccharide radical containing unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Neurosurgery (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Neurology (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Psychiatry (AREA)
  • Hospice & Palliative Care (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
  • Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Antibodies Or Antigens For Use As Internal Diagnostic Agents (AREA)
  • Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
  • Ultra Sonic Daignosis Equipment (AREA)
NO89894819A 1988-12-02 1989-12-01 Nye lysophingolipid-derivater. NO894819L (no)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT8848619A IT1235162B (it) 1988-12-02 1988-12-02 Derivati di lisosfingolipidi

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
NO894819D0 NO894819D0 (no) 1989-12-01
NO894819L true NO894819L (no) 1990-06-05

Family

ID=11267672

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
NO89894819A NO894819L (no) 1988-12-02 1989-12-01 Nye lysophingolipid-derivater.

Country Status (16)

Country Link
US (2) US5519007A (de)
EP (1) EP0373038B1 (de)
JP (1) JP3004297B2 (de)
KR (1) KR910009631A (de)
AT (1) ATE149506T1 (de)
AU (1) AU632771B2 (de)
CA (1) CA2004190A1 (de)
DE (1) DE68927821T2 (de)
DK (1) DK589789A (de)
FI (1) FI895766A0 (de)
HU (3) HU205365B (de)
IL (1) IL92511A0 (de)
IT (1) IT1235162B (de)
NO (1) NO894819L (de)
NZ (1) NZ231590A (de)
TW (1) TW204300B (de)

Families Citing this family (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1235011B (it) * 1988-07-26 1992-06-16 Fidia Farmaceutici Sintesi di derivati di glicosfingolipidi ed in particolare di gangliosidi utilizzabili per la preparazione di immunoadsorbenti ed adsorbenti per affinita' impiegabili per la purificazione di anticorpi e di tossine specifiche, e per uso diagnostico
US5466675A (en) * 1992-02-04 1995-11-14 Piljac; Goran Immunological activity of rhamnolipids
TW261533B (de) * 1992-07-16 1995-11-01 Kirin Brewery
FR2711138B1 (fr) * 1993-10-12 1995-11-24 Oreal Céramides, leur procédé de préparation et leurs applications en cosmétique et en dermopharmacie.
EP0725772B1 (de) * 1993-10-28 2003-08-20 Cosmoferm B.V. Ceramid i analoge auf basis von phytosphingosine
US5663151A (en) * 1994-03-04 1997-09-02 Bristol-Myers Squibb Company Sulfated α-glycolipid derivatives as cell adhesion inhibitors
US5651981A (en) * 1994-03-29 1997-07-29 Northwestern University Cationic phospholipids for transfection
JPH08512060A (ja) * 1994-04-27 1996-12-17 ギスト ブロカデス ベスローテン フェンノートシャップ 短鎖2−ヒドロキシカルボン酸をベースにしたセラミド誘導体
EP0707063B1 (de) * 1994-07-21 1998-06-17 Takara Shuzo Co. Ltd. Glycolipid-Ceramiddeacylase
US6428999B1 (en) 1994-07-21 2002-08-06 Takara Shuzo Co., Ltd. Sphingolipid ceramide N-deacylase, methods for producing sphingolipids and sphingolipid derivatives, and spingolipid ceramide N-deacylase gene
JP4101320B2 (ja) * 1996-10-11 2008-06-18 高砂香料工業株式会社 一級アミド誘導体の製造方法
JP3485232B2 (ja) * 1997-01-31 2004-01-13 高砂香料工業株式会社 光学活性化合物及びその製造方法
US6063387A (en) * 1997-04-17 2000-05-16 Elizabeth Arden Co., Division Of Conopco, Inc. Anhydrous cosmetic composition with ceramides for firming skin
EP1159256A1 (de) * 1999-03-09 2001-12-05 Cosmoferm B.V. Sphingoidbasederivative und deren verwendungen
JP2005527467A (ja) 2001-08-29 2005-09-15 ネオーズ テクノロジーズ, インコーポレイテッド 新規な合成ガングリオシド誘導体およびその組成物
FR2839310A1 (fr) * 2002-05-03 2003-11-07 Pasteur Institut Nouveau procede de preparation d' alpha-glycosylceramides, nouveaux derives alpha-glycosylceramide et leurs applications
NL1022443C2 (nl) 2003-01-20 2004-07-22 Tno Sphingolipiden voor verbetering van de samenstelling van de darmflora.
JP2006516280A (ja) 2003-01-20 2006-06-29 ネーデルランドセ オルガニサティエ フォール トエゲパストナトールヴェテンシャッペリク オンデルゾエク ティエヌオー 血漿コレステロール及びトリアシルグリセロールレベルを減少するためにスフィンゴ脂質を使用する方法
MXPA05009480A (es) 2003-03-06 2006-02-22 Neose Technologies Inc Metodos y composiciones para la sintesis enzimatica de gangliosidos.
EP1729597B1 (de) * 2004-03-16 2011-03-09 Nederlandse Organisatie voor toegepast -natuurwetenschappelijk onderzoek TNO Verwendung von sphingolipiden bei der behandlung und vorbeugung von typ-2-diabetes mellitus, insulinresistenz und metabolismussyndrom
ATE539741T1 (de) 2004-11-30 2012-01-15 Tno Sphingolipide bei der behandlung und prävention von hepatischer steatose
EP3175857A1 (de) 2009-03-25 2017-06-07 Seneb Biosciences Inc. Glycolipide zur behandlung von erkrankungen
US11426371B2 (en) 2017-04-28 2022-08-30 University Of Virginia Patent Foundation Compositions and methods for treating cancer
KR102640816B1 (ko) 2021-02-17 2024-02-23 곽영민 식별선이 구비된 파이프라인

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1171432B (it) * 1981-08-03 1987-06-10 Fidia Farmaceutici Amidi organiche derivate da lipidi azotati utilizzabili come farmaci
AU546872B2 (en) * 1982-06-16 1985-09-26 Unilever Plc Skin treatment compositions containing a fatty acid or ester
CH679209A5 (en) * 1983-12-05 1992-01-15 Solco Basel Ag New neutral glyco-sphingolipid derivs.
EP0146810A3 (de) * 1983-12-05 1987-05-13 Solco Basel AG Verfahren zur Herstellung von Sphingosinderivaten
DD261165A5 (de) * 1985-08-13 1988-10-19 Solco Basel Ag,Ch Neues verfahren zur herstellung von sphingosinderivaten
EP0212400B1 (de) * 1985-08-13 1992-01-02 Solco Basel AG Neues Verfahren zur Herstellung von Sphingosinderivaten
JPH0692349B2 (ja) * 1986-03-06 1994-11-16 和光純薬工業株式会社 光学活性不飽和アミノアルコール誘導体の新規な製法
US4937232A (en) * 1986-09-15 1990-06-26 Duke University Inhibition of protein kinase C by long-chain bases
US4816450A (en) * 1986-09-15 1989-03-28 Duke University Inhibition of protein kinase C by long-chain bases

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0373038B1 (de) 1997-03-05
FI895766A0 (fi) 1989-12-01
CA2004190A1 (en) 1990-06-02
IT8848619A0 (it) 1988-12-02
DK589789D0 (da) 1989-11-23
EP0373038A3 (de) 1992-01-08
ATE149506T1 (de) 1997-03-15
HU913514D0 (en) 1992-01-28
NZ231590A (en) 1992-12-23
IT1235162B (it) 1992-06-22
AU4566489A (en) 1990-06-21
AU632771B2 (en) 1993-01-14
US5792858A (en) 1998-08-11
HU209561B (en) 1994-07-28
DE68927821T2 (de) 1997-09-25
HUT52107A (en) 1990-06-28
HU205365B (en) 1992-04-28
DE68927821D1 (de) 1997-04-10
TW204300B (de) 1993-04-21
JPH02200691A (ja) 1990-08-08
JP3004297B2 (ja) 2000-01-31
EP0373038A2 (de) 1990-06-13
DK589789A (da) 1990-06-03
KR910009631A (ko) 1991-06-28
NO894819D0 (no) 1989-12-01
US5519007A (en) 1996-05-21
IL92511A0 (en) 1990-08-31

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
NO894819L (no) Nye lysophingolipid-derivater.
IE810035L (en) Triodo-isophthalic acid derivatives.
YU46603B (sh) Novi gangliozidni derivati i postupak za njihovo dobijanje
ATE125714T1 (de) Einnadelkreislauf zum zirkulieren von blut ausserhalb des körpers durch eine blutbehandlungsvorrichtung.
DK162393C (da) Polysvovlsyreestere af bis-hexonsyreamider og derivater deraf samt fremgangsmaade til fremstilling af samme
NO881746L (no) Fremgangsmaate for fremstilling av 17beta-(cyclopropylamino)androst-5-en-3beta-ol og beslektede forbindelser.
FI890152A (fi) Tuggummi med kontrollerad soetma.
HU896337D0 (en) Process for the preparation of novel lisoganglyoside derivatives
EP0155848A3 (en) Improved method for fixing acetaldehyde
ES2112433T3 (es) Sintesis de derivados del acido n-acetil neuraminico.
EP0319962A3 (de) Piperidinyl-Methanol-Derivate zur Behandlung von Angstzuständen
PL286248A1 (en) Method of obtaining novel derivatives of gangliosides
AR011941A1 (es) Composicion farmaceutica o cosmetica que contiene una combinacion de al menos un retinoide, el uso de una combinacion de al menos un retinoide parala preparacion de una composicion, y el metodo para el tratamiento cosmetico de los cambios asociados con el envejecimiento de la piel y/o del
Jasper NEUROTRANSMITTERS AND CORTICAL FUNCTION: FROM MOLECULES TO MIND
MY102564A (en) An indole derivative
FI945480A (fi) Menetelmä rytmisen purentalihasaktiivisuuden hyödyntämiseksi osana muita tutkimuksia
TH12816EX (th) สีฝุ่น