NO844096L - Pennekuler av zirkoniumdioksyd - Google Patents
Pennekuler av zirkoniumdioksydInfo
- Publication number
- NO844096L NO844096L NO844096A NO844096A NO844096L NO 844096 L NO844096 L NO 844096L NO 844096 A NO844096 A NO 844096A NO 844096 A NO844096 A NO 844096A NO 844096 L NO844096 L NO 844096L
- Authority
- NO
- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- ball
- zirconium dioxide
- balls
- transferring liquid
- porosity
- Prior art date
Links
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO2 Inorganic materials O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 55
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 45
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000010191 image analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- RKTYLMNFRDHKIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin-22,24-diide Chemical compound [Cu+2].C1=CC(C(=C2C=CC([N-]2)=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC(N=2)=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C2=CC=C3[N-]2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=NC1=C3C1=CC=CC=C1 RKTYLMNFRDHKIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 27
- 239000000976 ink Substances 0.000 description 26
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 25
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 25
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 15
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000002612 dispersion medium Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 8
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 6
- VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylenetetramine Chemical group C1N(C2)CN3CN1CN2C3 VKYKSIONXSXAKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000728 ammonium alginate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000010407 ammonium alginate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 4
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KPGABFJTMYCRHJ-YZOKENDUSA-N ammonium alginate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].O1[C@@H](C([O-])=O)[C@@H](OC)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](C([O-])=O)O[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O KPGABFJTMYCRHJ-YZOKENDUSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000011148 calcium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 3
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004312 hexamethylene tetramine Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010299 hexamethylene tetramine Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- -1 Y-O. Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910000963 austenitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004581 coalescence Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010987 cubic zirconia Substances 0.000 description 2
- MWKFXSUHUHTGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N decan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCO MWKFXSUHUHTGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006194 liquid suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001495 poly(sodium acrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- SONHXMAHPHADTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound [Na+].CC(=C)C([O-])=O SONHXMAHPHADTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloromethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002007 uranyl nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FHVDTGUDJYJELY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-{[2-carboxy-4,5-dihydroxy-6-(phosphanyloxy)oxan-3-yl]oxy}-4,5-dihydroxy-3-phosphanyloxane-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound O1C(C(O)=O)C(P)C(O)C(O)C1OC1C(C(O)=O)OC(OP)C(O)C1O FHVDTGUDJYJELY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 241001474374 Blennius Species 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 240000005636 Dryobalanops aromatica Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002907 Guar gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003091 Methocel™ Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trichloroethylene Chemical group ClC=C(Cl)Cl XSTXAVWGXDQKEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000030614 Urania Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940072056 alginate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001448 anionic polyelectrolyte Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GVEHJMMRQRRJPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(2+);methanidylidynechromium Chemical compound [Cr+2].[Cr]#[C-].[Cr]#[C-] GVEHJMMRQRRJPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001868 cobalt Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt dinitrate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001981 cobalt nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000665 guar gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010417 guar gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960002154 guar gum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- CJNBYAVZURUTKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Hf]=O CJNBYAVZURUTKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001513 hot isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002459 porosimetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N samarium atom Chemical compound [Sm] KZUNJOHGWZRPMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052706 scandium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N scandium atom Chemical compound [Sc] SIXSYDAISGFNSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006748 scratching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002393 scratching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium polyacrylate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C=C NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910002076 stabilized zirconia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005211 surface analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003470 tongbaite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FCTBKIHDJGHPPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N uranium dioxide Inorganic materials O=[U]=O FCTBKIHDJGHPPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ytterbium Chemical compound [Yb] NAWDYIZEMPQZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41K—STAMPS; STAMPING OR NUMBERING APPARATUS OR DEVICES
- B41K1/00—Portable hand-operated devices without means for supporting or locating the articles to be stamped, i.e. hand stamps; Inking devices or other accessories therefor
- B41K1/08—Portable hand-operated devices without means for supporting or locating the articles to be stamped, i.e. hand stamps; Inking devices or other accessories therefor with a flat stamping surface and changeable characters
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B43—WRITING OR DRAWING IMPLEMENTS; BUREAU ACCESSORIES
- B43K—IMPLEMENTS FOR WRITING OR DRAWING
- B43K1/00—Nibs; Writing-points
- B43K1/08—Nibs; Writing-points with ball points; Balls or ball beds
- B43K1/082—Balls
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/48—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on zirconium or hafnium oxides, zirconates, zircon or hafnates
- C04B35/486—Fine ceramics
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
- Pens And Brushes (AREA)
- Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US06/542,315 US4621936A (en) | 1983-10-14 | 1983-10-14 | Zirconia pen balls |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| NO844096L true NO844096L (no) | 1985-04-15 |
Family
ID=24163282
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO844096A NO844096L (no) | 1983-10-14 | 1984-10-12 | Pennekuler av zirkoniumdioksyd |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4621936A (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP0142239A1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JPH0633197B2 (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR850003349A (ja) |
| AU (1) | AU578910B2 (ja) |
| CA (1) | CA1253671A (ja) |
| DK (1) | DK489984A (ja) |
| FI (1) | FI844011L (ja) |
| NO (1) | NO844096L (ja) |
| ZA (1) | ZA847284B (ja) |
Families Citing this family (35)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4621936A (en) * | 1983-10-14 | 1986-11-11 | Corning Glass Works | Zirconia pen balls |
| GB8514815D0 (en) * | 1985-06-12 | 1985-07-17 | Robinson E | Porous inorganic materials |
| DE3768172D1 (de) * | 1986-07-07 | 1991-04-04 | Diesel Kiki Co | Trennschieberkompressor mit veraenderlicher foerdermenge. |
| US4886768A (en) * | 1987-11-13 | 1989-12-12 | Board Of Regents Acting For And On Behalf Of University Of Michigan | Toughened ceramics |
| EP0395912B1 (de) * | 1989-05-02 | 1993-10-20 | Lonza Ag | Sinterfähiges Zirkonoxidpulver und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
| US5503771A (en) * | 1991-05-14 | 1996-04-02 | Washington Technology Center | Process for susupension of ceramic or metal particles using biologically produced polymers |
| US5312571A (en) * | 1993-01-07 | 1994-05-17 | Norton Company | Shaped bodies and the production thereof |
| US5314650A (en) * | 1993-02-23 | 1994-05-24 | Corning Incorporated | Method for extruding honeycombs |
| US5484559A (en) * | 1994-04-14 | 1996-01-16 | Zircoa Inc. | Apparatus and process for manufacturing balls made of a ceramic material |
| JP3806964B2 (ja) * | 1996-02-01 | 2006-08-09 | オート株式会社 | ボールペン用複合セラミックス製ボールの製造方法 |
| JP3993269B2 (ja) | 1997-04-18 | 2007-10-17 | スリーエム カンパニー | 透明ビーズおよびその製造方法 |
| WO1998047830A1 (en) | 1997-04-18 | 1998-10-29 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Transparent beads and their production method |
| FR2770234B1 (fr) * | 1997-10-27 | 1999-12-24 | Rosenmund Ag | Barre de couchage pour l'industrie papetiere |
| US6245700B1 (en) | 1999-07-27 | 2001-06-12 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Transparent microspheres |
| JP2001080263A (ja) * | 1999-09-13 | 2001-03-27 | Sakura Color Prod Corp | ボールペン |
| US7374644B2 (en) | 2000-02-17 | 2008-05-20 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Conductive polishing article for electrochemical mechanical polishing |
| JP2001294483A (ja) * | 2000-04-12 | 2001-10-23 | Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd | ジルコニア含有セラミックボールとその製造方法、セラミックボールベアリング及びチェックバルブ |
| US6528767B2 (en) * | 2001-05-22 | 2003-03-04 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Pre-heating and load lock pedestal material for high temperature CVD liquid crystal and flat panel display applications |
| US6797203B2 (en) * | 2002-07-12 | 2004-09-28 | Cerco Llc | Method of forming ceramic beads |
| US20040259713A1 (en) | 2003-06-11 | 2004-12-23 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Microspheres comprising titania and bismuth oxide |
| US8033245B2 (en) | 2004-02-12 | 2011-10-11 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Substrate support bushing |
| US7513941B2 (en) | 2005-11-14 | 2009-04-07 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Pavement marking, reflective elements, and methods of making micospheres |
| US20080280034A1 (en) * | 2007-05-11 | 2008-11-13 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Pavement marking and reflective elements having microspheres comprising lanthanum oxide and aluminum oxide with zirconia, titania, or mixtures thereof |
| US8074472B2 (en) * | 2007-07-31 | 2011-12-13 | Zircoa Inc. | Grinding beads and method of producing the same |
| JP5036629B2 (ja) * | 2008-05-29 | 2012-09-26 | 京セラ株式会社 | ボールペン用ボールおよびこれを用いた筆記具 |
| JP5365487B2 (ja) * | 2008-12-11 | 2013-12-11 | 東ソー株式会社 | 表面が平滑なセラミックビーズおよびその製造方法 |
| CN102574730A (zh) | 2009-08-21 | 2012-07-11 | 3M创新有限公司 | 路面标记、反射元件以及制备微球的方法 |
| WO2013122548A1 (en) | 2012-02-16 | 2013-08-22 | Nanyang Technological University | A metal oxide composite and a method of forming thereof |
| JP6182848B2 (ja) * | 2012-10-30 | 2017-08-23 | ぺんてる株式会社 | ボールペン用ボール |
| JP2014148084A (ja) * | 2013-01-31 | 2014-08-21 | Pentel Corp | ボールペン用ボール |
| JP2015051571A (ja) * | 2013-09-06 | 2015-03-19 | 三菱鉛筆株式会社 | ボールペン |
| JP2016002698A (ja) * | 2014-06-17 | 2016-01-12 | 三菱鉛筆株式会社 | 粉末焼結積層造形法によって形成された筆記ボール及び該筆記ボールを有した筆記具 |
| RU2698880C1 (ru) * | 2018-04-09 | 2019-08-30 | федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Тамбовский государственный университет имени Г.Р. Державина" | Способ изготовления керамики на основе диоксида циркония |
| RU2731751C1 (ru) * | 2019-05-07 | 2020-09-08 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Тамбовский государственный университет имени Г.Р. Державина" (ФГБОУ ВО "Тамбовский государственный университет имени Г.Р. Державина ТГУ им. Г.Р. Державина") | Способ изготовления пористых изделий сферической формы на основе диоксида циркония |
| WO2023274934A1 (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2023-01-05 | Societe Bic | Ceramic writing ball |
Family Cites Families (20)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE857317C (de) * | 1950-03-04 | 1952-11-27 | Degussa | Schreibeinsatz mit Kugelspitze fuer Fuellhalter |
| US2847751A (en) * | 1955-06-13 | 1958-08-19 | Paper Mate Mfg Co | Method of making a ball for ball point pen |
| US2984628A (en) * | 1956-11-29 | 1961-05-16 | Du Pont | Concentrated zirconia and hafnia aquasols and their preparation |
| USRE28792E (en) * | 1966-03-15 | 1976-04-27 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | Electrochemical method for separating O2 from a gas; generating electricity; measuring O2 partial pressure; and fuel cell |
| US3562371A (en) * | 1968-10-16 | 1971-02-09 | Corning Glass Works | High temperature gas isostatic pressing of crystalline bodies having impermeable surfaces |
| DE2307666C3 (de) * | 1973-02-16 | 1980-02-28 | Feldmuehle Ag, 4000 Duesseldorf | Formkörper aus Zirkonoxid |
| US4035191A (en) * | 1974-05-09 | 1977-07-12 | Corning Glass Works | Tetragonally stabilized zirconia ceramic |
| GB1519314A (en) * | 1974-10-24 | 1978-07-26 | Commw Scient Ind Res Org | Partially stabilized zirconia |
| FR2376759A1 (fr) * | 1977-01-07 | 1978-08-04 | Carbonisation Entr Ceram | Pointe en materiau ceramique pour ecrire a l'encre |
| GB2034678B (en) * | 1977-09-26 | 1982-07-28 | Hardwick W H Wace P F | Balls containing tungsten carbide |
| US4360598A (en) * | 1980-03-26 | 1982-11-23 | Ngk Insulators, Ltd. | Zirconia ceramics and a method of producing the same |
| JPS56140063A (en) * | 1980-03-31 | 1981-11-02 | Kyoto Ceramic | Ceramic ball for ball-point pen |
| US4316964A (en) * | 1980-07-14 | 1982-02-23 | Rockwell International Corporation | Al2 O3 /ZrO2 ceramic |
| JPS6048471B2 (ja) * | 1980-12-25 | 1985-10-28 | 東レ株式会社 | ジルコニア焼結体 |
| JPS6018621B2 (ja) * | 1981-05-21 | 1985-05-11 | 日本碍子株式会社 | エンジン部品 |
| JPS5836653A (ja) * | 1981-08-28 | 1983-03-03 | 日本タングステン株式会社 | 磁性材料粉砕用メディア及びその製造方法 |
| JPS58138698A (ja) * | 1982-02-13 | 1983-08-17 | 三菱鉛筆株式会社 | ボ−ルペン用ペンボ−ル |
| JPS59135195A (ja) * | 1983-01-24 | 1984-08-03 | 京セラ株式会社 | ジルコニアセラミツク製ボ−ルペンボ−ル |
| US4565792A (en) * | 1983-06-20 | 1986-01-21 | Norton Company | Partially stabilized zirconia bodies |
| US4621936A (en) * | 1983-10-14 | 1986-11-11 | Corning Glass Works | Zirconia pen balls |
-
1983
- 1983-10-14 US US06/542,315 patent/US4621936A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1984
- 1984-08-28 CA CA000461935A patent/CA1253671A/en not_active Expired
- 1984-09-11 EP EP84306197A patent/EP0142239A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1984-09-14 ZA ZA847284A patent/ZA847284B/xx unknown
- 1984-10-03 JP JP59207919A patent/JPH0633197B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1984-10-10 AU AU34087/84A patent/AU578910B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1984-10-12 NO NO844096A patent/NO844096L/no unknown
- 1984-10-12 FI FI844011A patent/FI844011L/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1984-10-12 DK DK489984A patent/DK489984A/da unknown
- 1984-10-13 KR KR1019840006358A patent/KR850003349A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS6097894A (ja) | 1985-05-31 |
| AU578910B2 (en) | 1988-11-10 |
| DK489984A (da) | 1985-04-15 |
| FI844011A0 (fi) | 1984-10-12 |
| JPH0633197B2 (ja) | 1994-05-02 |
| ZA847284B (en) | 1985-07-31 |
| AU3408784A (en) | 1985-04-18 |
| FI844011L (fi) | 1985-04-15 |
| US4621936A (en) | 1986-11-11 |
| KR850003349A (ko) | 1985-06-17 |
| DK489984D0 (da) | 1984-10-12 |
| CA1253671A (en) | 1989-05-09 |
| EP0142239A1 (en) | 1985-05-22 |
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