NO128336B - - Google Patents
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- NO128336B NO128336B NO02888/69A NO288869A NO128336B NO 128336 B NO128336 B NO 128336B NO 02888/69 A NO02888/69 A NO 02888/69A NO 288869 A NO288869 A NO 288869A NO 128336 B NO128336 B NO 128336B
- Authority
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- Norway
- Prior art keywords
- water
- leather
- soluble
- compounds
- acid
- Prior art date
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- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 ester salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 11
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 4
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QMKYBPDZANOJGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(C(O)=O)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QMKYBPDZANOJGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- TVACALAUIQMRDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOP(O)(O)=O TVACALAUIQMRDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000944 linseed oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000021388 linseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- YDSWCNNOKPMOTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N mellitic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=C(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)=C(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)=C1C(O)=O YDSWCNNOKPMOTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ARCGXLSVLAOJQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimellitic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)=C1 ARCGXLSVLAOJQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FJMKXRHMJBDWHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-hexadecoxy-2-oxoethyl)-2-hydroxybutanedioic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O FJMKXRHMJBDWHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YTALXTIAGRLMQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-dodecoxycarbonyl-6-sulfobenzoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOC(C1=CC=CC(S(O)(=O)=O)=C1C(O)=O)=O YTALXTIAGRLMQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SDGNNLQZAPXALR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-sulfophthalic acid Chemical class OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(S(O)(=O)=O)=C1C(O)=O SDGNNLQZAPXALR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DJHGAFSJWGLOIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Arsenic acid Chemical compound O[As](O)(O)=O DJHGAFSJWGLOIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WTJWIAHZELNVTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCNC(=O)CC(O)(CC(O)=O)C(O)=O Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCNC(=O)CC(O)(CC(O)=O)C(O)=O WTJWIAHZELNVTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001447 alkali salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940000489 arsenate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940000488 arsenic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZHVGLSPRBOXEPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecoxyboronic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOB(O)O ZHVGLSPRBOXEPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- WQGWDDDVZFFDIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrogallol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1O WQGWDDDVZFFDIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000005809 transesterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C9/00—After-treatment of cellulose pulp, e.g. of wood pulp, or cotton linters ; Treatment of dilute or dewatered pulp or process improvement taking place after obtaining the raw cellulosic material and not provided for elsewhere
- D21C9/10—Bleaching ; Apparatus therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
- B01F27/80—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis
- B01F27/93—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders with stirrers rotating about a substantially vertical axis with rotary discs
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
- B01F35/50—Mixing receptacles
- B01F35/53—Mixing receptacles characterised by the configuration of the interior, e.g. baffles for facilitating the mixing of components
- B01F35/531—Mixing receptacles characterised by the configuration of the interior, e.g. baffles for facilitating the mixing of components with baffles, plates or bars on the wall or the bottom
- B01F35/5312—Mixing receptacles characterised by the configuration of the interior, e.g. baffles for facilitating the mixing of components with baffles, plates or bars on the wall or the bottom with vertical baffles mounted on the walls
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21C—PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE BY REMOVING NON-CELLULOSE SUBSTANCES FROM CELLULOSE-CONTAINING MATERIALS; REGENERATION OF PULPING LIQUORS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- D21C9/00—After-treatment of cellulose pulp, e.g. of wood pulp, or cotton linters ; Treatment of dilute or dewatered pulp or process improvement taking place after obtaining the raw cellulosic material and not provided for elsewhere
- D21C9/10—Bleaching ; Apparatus therefor
- D21C9/1026—Other features in bleaching processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F27/00—Mixers with rotary stirring devices in fixed receptacles; Kneaders
- B01F27/05—Stirrers
- B01F27/11—Stirrers characterised by the configuration of the stirrers
- B01F27/19—Stirrers with two or more mixing elements mounted in sequence on the same axis
- B01F27/191—Stirrers with two or more mixing elements mounted in sequence on the same axis with similar elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
- B01F35/50—Mixing receptacles
- B01F35/53—Mixing receptacles characterised by the configuration of the interior, e.g. baffles for facilitating the mixing of components
- B01F35/531—Mixing receptacles characterised by the configuration of the interior, e.g. baffles for facilitating the mixing of components with baffles, plates or bars on the wall or the bottom
Description
Fremgangsmåte til forøkelse av lærs vannfasthet.
Det ble funnet at man kan vesentlig
forbedre vannfastheten av mineralsk garvet lær, særlig kromgarvet resp. kombinert garvet lær, ved en behandling med vann-løselige eller i vann dispergerbare kompleksaktive organiske forbindelser, som trer sammen med kromgarvestoffet til vannfirastøtende kromkomplekser. Som kromkompleksaktive forbindelser kommer
for dette formål derivater av tre- eller flerbasiske anorganiske eller organiske syrer i betraktning, som inneholder lipofile rester og som minst inneholder minst to frie saltdannende grupper, som kan danne kom-plekset. Disse derivater har sur karakter og anvendes hensiktsmessig i form av deres vannoppløselige salter, særlig ammo-niumsalter eller alkalisalter, samt salter av organiske baser.
Som anorganiske syrer, som ligger til grunn for de foran nevnte forbindelser, skal f. eks. nevnes: borsyre, fosforsyre, arsensyre, som organiske syrer sitronsyre, trimesinsyre, trimellittsyre, mellittsyre, diadipinsyre, etantetraeddiksyre, sulfoftal-syrer, oksyftalsyrer, pyrogallussyre, pyro-gallolkarbonsyre osv. Videre kommer syrer på tale, som inneholder høyere-molekylære lipofile rester og f. eks. kan fås ved omsetning av høyere-molekylære fettsyrer, fettalkoholer eller olefiner med maleinsyre, som f. eks. kondensasjonsproduktene av oljesyre, linoljefettsyre, sojaoljefettsyre og lignende med ett eller flere mol av den-ne syre.
Mens de sistnevnte høyere-molekylære
tre- eller flerbasiske karbonsyrer allerede
kan anvendes som slike, kan man få de førstnevnte tre- eller flerbasiske anorganiske syrer, henholdsvis de lavere-moleky-lære tre- eller flerbasiske organiske karbonsyrer ved delforestring eller delamide-ring med høyere-molekylære alkoholer eller fremstilling av partielle amider ved omestring med aminer, som inneholder lipofile rester, overføre i metallkomplekse forbindelser slik som de kommer til anvendelse ifølge oppfinnelsen. Disse produkter er kjente stoffer eller de kan fås på enkel måte på kjent måte. Det kan imidlertid i stedet for disse forbindelser for dette formål også anvendes vilkårlige andre forbindelser, som ved siden av minst en lipofil-rest inneholder minst to kompleksaktive, saltdannende grupper.
Som eksempel for de kompleksaktive forbindelser ifølge oppfinnelsen skal nevnes følgende forbindelser: surt dodecyl-fosfat, surt oktadecenylfosfat, heksadecyl-borat, oktadecenylarsenat, surt heksadecyl-sitrat, surt dodecylsulfoftalat, sitronsyre-mononaftenylamid, sitronsyremonooktade-cylamid og lignende, som anvendes som sådanne eller i form av deres salter.
De lipofile rester av disse forbindelser kan ha alifatisk, cykloalifatisk, alifatisk-aromatisk eller alifatisk-cykloalifatisk karakter, de kan inneholde avbrudd ved oxygen, svovel og nitrogen og også ha substi-tuenter som inneholder oxygen, svovel eller nitrogen. Særlig interesse har f. eks. estrene av tre- eller flerbasiske organiske eller anorganiske syrer med høyere-mole-
kylære etoksylerte fettalkoholer med 1—10
mol, fortrinnsvis 1—3 mol etylenoksyd.
Behandlingen av læret med vandige oppløsninger eller dispersjoner av disse for-
bindelser foregår på vanlig måte, f. eks. ved dypping eller børsting. Da forbindelsene med hensyn på deres sammensetning også
har fetende egenskaper, innspares alt etter den anvendte mengde av behandlingsmid-
let fettlikringsmiddel helt eller delvis. For behandlingsprosessen trenger man i al-minnelighet 0,5—15 pst., fortrinnsvis 1,5—
5 pst. av de kromkompleksaktive forbin-
delser beregnet på vekten av skrapet hud.
En videre forbedring av de vannfra-
støtende egenskaper for læret kan man oppnå ved at man anvender de kompleks-
aktive forbindelser i et visst overskudd og deretter etterbehandler læret med en min-
dre mengde av et handelsvanlig krom-
garvestoff (ca. 0,5 til 1 pst. CtoOa), likrer og på vanlig måte gjør læret ferdig. Ved etterbehandlingen av det impregnerte lær med små mengder kromgarvestoffer blir ennå oppløselige deler av impregneringen likeledes uoppløselig. Endelig kan man vi-
dere forbedre impregneringens vannfasthet ved en lengere oppvarming av det ferdig-
lagede, normalt tørkede lær til tempera-
turer på ca. 90° C. Som allerede nevnt kan man anvende fremgangsmåten også for kombinasjonsgarving. F. eks. er det mulig å forbehandle et vegetabilsk forgarvet lær med de vannoppløselige henholdsvis i vann dispergerbare, kompleksaktive organiske forbindelser, som inneholder lipofile rester og deretter viderebehandle med kromgarvestoffer således at man alt etter den anvendte mengde av de vegetabilske garve-
stoffer og kromgarvestoffer får vegetabil-
ske garvninger eller kombinerte garvnin-
ger med vannfaste egenskaper.
Vannfastbehandlingen ifølge oppfin-
nelsen kan foretas ved alle rent barkede eller kombinertgarvede lær, og det er sær-
lig av praktisk betydning for velurlær, hvis vannfasthet ofte er meget mangelfull. Ved hjelp av behandlingen ifølge oppfinnelsen forbedres vanngj ennomtrengelighetskvoti-
enten sammenlignet med normalt garvet lær delvis med mer enn 100 pst. (inntil ca.
1,8), mens lærets normale vannopptakel-
sesevne delvis nedsettes til halvparten uten at lærets luftgjennomtrengelighet lider un-
der det.
Eksempler.
1. Kromfarvet og nøytralisert okselær
behandles med 100—150 pst. vann av 50° C.
1—5 pst. ammoniumsalt av en sur fosfor-syredodecylester 45—60 minutter i kar.
I tilslutning til dette ble det farvet som
vanlig, og etter behov alt etter de øn-
skede læregenskaper etterlikret med handelsvanlig lickerolje. Farvningen kan imidlertid også foretas før impregneringen. Impregneringsvirkningen forsterkes når
man etterbehandler i et nytt bad med 0,5
—1 pst. Cr^Os (handelsvanlig kromgarve-
stoff), hvoretter det f arves, etterlikres et-
ter behov og tørkes som vanlig.
Ved hjelp av en %—iy2 times opphet-
ning av det normalt tørkede lær til ca. 90°
C økes likeledes impregneringsvirkningen.
2. Barket okselær forbehandles som i eksempel 1 under anvendelse av ammo-niumsaltet av monooleylester av sitronsyre og etterbehandles med 0,5—1 pst. CvzO?, i form av et handelsvanlig 33 pst. basisk kromgarvestoff, samt etter behov fettes og gjøres ferdig som vanlig. Man får høyver-
dig lær med utmerket vannfasthet.
3. Kromgarvet og nøytralisert kalvelær behandles som i eksempel 1 med ammo-niumsaltet av en høyeremolekylær polykar-
bonsyre, som fås ved omsetning av 1 mol linoljefettsyre med 1—2 mol maleinsyre.
Også i dette tilfellet kommer man til lær
med fortrinnelige vannfrastøtende egen-
skaper.
Claims (5)
1. Fremgangsmåte til forøkelse av vannfastheten av mineralsk garvet, resp. kombi-
nert garvet lær, karakterisert ved at læret behandles med vannoppløselige resp. i vann dispergerbare kompleksaktive forbindelser i form av tre- eller flerbasiske anorganiske eller organiske syrer, som inneholder lipofile rester.
2. Fremgangsmåte ifølge påstand 1, karakterisert ved at det som vannoppløse-lige resp. i vann dispergerbare kompleksaktive forbindelser anvendes vannoppløse-lige salter, estersalter eller amidsalter av tre- eller flerbasiske anorganiske eller organiske syrer av høyere-molekylære, lipofile rester inneholdende alkoholer eller aminer.
3. Fremgangsmåte ifølge påstand 1—2, karakterisert ved at et overskudd av de vannoppløselige henholdsvis i vann dispergerbare kompleksaktive organiske forbindelser avbindes på læret ved etterfølgende behandling med kromgarvestoff.
4. Fremgangsmåte ifølge påstand 1—3,karakterisert ved at det behandlede lær etter den vanlige tørkning underkastes en varmebehandling inntil ca. 90° C.
5. Videre utforming av fremgangsmåten ifølge påstand 1—3, karakterisert ved at man viderebehandler vegetabilsk farget lær med vannoppløselige henholdsvis i vann dispergerbare kompleksaktive organ
iske forbindelser, som inneholder lipofile rester, og viderebehandler deretter med kromgarvestoffer.
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE954068 | 1968-07-11 | ||
SE6809689A SE411771B (sv) | 1968-07-15 | 1968-07-15 | Apparat for behandling av cellulosamassa med gasformigt syre |
ZA686629 | 1968-10-14 | ||
SE86869 | 1969-01-22 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
NO128336B true NO128336B (no) | 1973-10-29 |
Family
ID=27484467
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
NO02888/69A NO128336B (no) | 1968-07-11 | 1969-07-10 |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US3660225A (no) |
DE (1) | DE1935067C3 (no) |
ES (1) | ES369349A1 (no) |
FI (1) | FI45473C (no) |
FR (1) | FR2012740A1 (no) |
NO (1) | NO128336B (no) |
OA (1) | OA03094A (no) |
Families Citing this family (70)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4105494A (en) * | 1973-01-05 | 1978-08-08 | Sunds Aktiebolag | Process of gas-phase bleaching high consistency finely disintegrated pulp |
US4177105A (en) * | 1973-05-22 | 1979-12-04 | Kamyr, Incorporated | Apparatus for delignifying and bleaching cellulose pulp |
US4062722A (en) * | 1974-01-18 | 1977-12-13 | Carlos Ibanez Ajuria | Device for treating deformable particles with the counterflowing liquids |
US4089737A (en) * | 1974-02-18 | 1978-05-16 | Toyo Pulp Company, Ltd. | Delignification of cellulosic material with an alkaline aqueous medium containing oxygen dissolved therein |
US3964962A (en) * | 1974-02-25 | 1976-06-22 | Ingersoll-Rand Company | Gaseous reaction apparatus and processes including a peripheral gas receiving chamber and a gas recirculation conduit |
GB1505529A (en) * | 1974-06-14 | 1978-03-30 | Mo Och Domsjoe Ab | Method for the oxygen-gas delignification of lignocellulosic material and apparatus for carrying out the method |
SE431662B (sv) * | 1974-07-05 | 1984-02-20 | Kamyr Ab | Sett vid kontinuerlig kokning av fibermaterial |
US3966542A (en) * | 1974-09-20 | 1976-06-29 | General Signal Corporation | Multi-stage bleaching of pulp using successively lower power levels |
US4058433A (en) * | 1975-03-06 | 1977-11-15 | Gulf States Paper Corporation | Conversion of sulfur in blank liquor to eliminate odorous emissions and facilitate the collection of sulfate soaps |
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US1529919A (en) * | 1922-03-06 | 1925-03-17 | Stebbins Engineering And Mfg C | Pulp-bleaching method and apparatus |
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US3041051A (en) * | 1959-08-10 | 1962-06-26 | Reiffen Ernst Alfred | Mixer |
US3298900A (en) * | 1963-03-22 | 1967-01-17 | Kamyr Ab | Method and apparatus for the continuous bleaching of cellulosic pulp |
FI41897B (no) * | 1963-12-23 | 1969-12-01 | Kamyr Ab | |
US3492199A (en) * | 1966-10-04 | 1970-01-27 | Fmc Corp | Bleaching fluffed mechanical wood pulp with hydrogen peroxide |
-
1969
- 1969-07-09 OA OA53668A patent/OA03094A/xx unknown
- 1969-07-10 ES ES369349A patent/ES369349A1/es not_active Expired
- 1969-07-10 US US840639A patent/US3660225A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1969-07-10 NO NO02888/69A patent/NO128336B/no unknown
- 1969-07-10 FR FR6923422A patent/FR2012740A1/fr active Pending
- 1969-07-10 DE DE1935067A patent/DE1935067C3/de not_active Expired
- 1969-07-10 FI FI692052A patent/FI45473C/fi active
-
1972
- 1972-01-27 US US00221263A patent/US3742735A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES369349A1 (es) | 1972-03-16 |
OA03094A (fr) | 1970-12-15 |
DE1935067A1 (de) | 1970-04-09 |
DE1935067C3 (de) | 1975-04-24 |
FR2012740A1 (no) | 1970-03-20 |
US3660225A (en) | 1972-05-02 |
FI45473B (no) | 1972-02-29 |
US3742735A (en) | 1973-07-03 |
FI45473C (fi) | 1972-06-12 |
DE1935067B2 (de) | 1974-08-15 |
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