KR920021631A - 가공성과 기계적 성질이 향상된 스티렌계 중합체 발포성 입자의 제조방법 - Google Patents
가공성과 기계적 성질이 향상된 스티렌계 중합체 발포성 입자의 제조방법 Download PDFInfo
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- KR920021631A KR920021631A KR1019920009401A KR920009401A KR920021631A KR 920021631 A KR920021631 A KR 920021631A KR 1019920009401 A KR1019920009401 A KR 1019920009401A KR 920009401 A KR920009401 A KR 920009401A KR 920021631 A KR920021631 A KR 920021631A
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- blowing agent
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- foam particles
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims 9
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims 7
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 title claims 5
- 239000004604 Blowing Agent Substances 0.000 claims 8
- -1 C 6 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims 7
- 239000002216 antistatic agent Substances 0.000 claims 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 5
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 4
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Guanidine Chemical compound NC(N)=N ZRALSGWEFCBTJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical group 0.000 claims 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 claims 2
- QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopentane Chemical compound CCC(C)C QWTDNUCVQCZILF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 2
- QMMJWQMCMRUYTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,4,5-tetrachloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)benzene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=C(Cl)C(Cl)=CC(Cl)=C1Cl QMMJWQMCMRUYTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- FDCJDKXCCYFOCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexadecoxyhexadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC FDCJDKXCCYFOCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229920005682 EO-PO block copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical compound CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims 1
- CHJJGSNFBQVOTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methyl-guanidine Natural products CNC(N)=N CHJJGSNFBQVOTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Octadecylamine Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCN REYJJPSVUYRZGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims 1
- VBIIFPGSPJYLRR-UHFFFAOYSA-M Stearyltrimethylammonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C VBIIFPGSPJYLRR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- HVWGGPRWKSHASF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid, monooctadecyl ester Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOS(O)(=O)=O HVWGGPRWKSHASF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical class OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000008051 alkyl sulfates Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- AFABGHUZZDYHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl butane Natural products CCCC(C)C AFABGHUZZDYHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylaminoamidine Natural products CN(C)C(N)=N SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- FTMKAMVLFVRZQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecylphosphonic acid Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCP(O)(O)=O FTMKAMVLFVRZQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003856 quaternary ammonium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005070 ripening Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/22—After-treatment of expandable particles; Forming foamed products
- C08J9/224—Surface treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/22—After-treatment of expandable particles; Forming foamed products
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2325/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2325/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
- C08J2325/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
- Graft Or Block Polymers (AREA)
- Nitrogen Condensed Heterocyclic Rings (AREA)
- Nitrogen And Oxygen Or Sulfur-Condensed Heterocyclic Ring Systems (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Sealing Material Composition (AREA)
Abstract
내용 없음
Description
본 내용은 요부공개 건이므로 전문내용을 수록하지 않았음
Claims (12)
- 2~20중량%의 발포제를 함유하는 스트렌계 중합체 발포성 입자를, 예비 발포시키기 전에, 입자의 유리 전이 온도보다 낮은 온도에서 일부의 발포제를 손실시키는 것으로 구성됨을 특징을 하는, 가공성과 기계적 특성이 향상된 스티렌계 중합체 발포성 입자의 제조방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, -혼입된 2~20중량%의 발포제를 함유하는 스티렌계 중합체 발포성 입자를 제조하고; -1중량% 이하의 대전 방지제로 상기 입자를 코우팅하고; -입자의 유리 전이 온도보다 낮은 온도에서 혼입된 발포제의 일부를 제거하는 것으로 구성되어 있음을 특징으로 하는 제조방법.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 발포제의 손실량이 발포제의 초기 함량에 대하여 60중량% 이하, 바람직하게는 5~30중량%인 제조방법.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 발포제의 제거가 25~60℃, 바람직하게는 35~50℃의 온도에서 10분~24시간의 체류 시간 동안 행하여지는 제조방법.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 발포제가 프로판, 부탄, n-펜탄, 이소펜탄, 헥산, 시클로헥산 등과 같은 C2~C6지방족 탄화수소 각각의 화합물 또는 그의 혼합물:석유 에테르; 및 에탄, 메탄 및 에틸렌 클로로-및 플루오로-유도체와 같은 C1~C3지방족 탄화수소의 할로겐화 유도체로 부터 선택되는 제조방법.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 발포제가 중합체의 중량에 대하여 4~10중량%가 함유되는 제조방법.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 대전 방지제가 부틸 스테아레이트와 같은 지방산 에스테르; 글리세롤과 같은 모노-히드록시 또는 폴리-히드록시 알콜; 에톡실화 3차 알킬아민, 지방산 디알칸올아민과 같은 아민; N,N-비스-(2-히드록시에틸스테아르아민)과 같은 아미드; 폴리에틸렌 글리콜 헥사데실에테르와 같은 폴리옥시에틸렌계 또는 폴리옥시알킬렌계 유도체; 에틸렌 옥사이드/프로필렌 옥사이드 공중합체; 옥타데실아민의 스테아르산 염과 같은 아민계 비누; 구아니딘의 옥타데실술페이트염과 같은 알킬-술페이트의 아민염; 옥타데실-트리메틸-암모늄 클로라이드와 같은 4차 암모늄 화합물; 비스도데실 하이드로겐 포스페이트와 같은 알킬-포스페이트; 및 트리에탄올아민의 옥타데실-포스폰산 염과 같은 알킬-포스폰산염 아민염으로 구성된 군으로 부터 선택되며, 각각의 화합물로서 또는 임의의 비율의 혼합물로서 사용되는 제조방법.
- 제7항에 있어서, 대전 방지제가 에틸렌 옥사이드의 함량이 10~50중량%이며 분자량이 1000~5000인 에틸렌 옥사이드-프로필렌 옥사이드 블록 공중합체인 제조방법.
- 제7항에 있어서, 대전 방지제가 에톡실화 3차 알킬아민인 제조방법.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 대전 방지제의 양이 중합체의 중량에 대하여 0.001~0.5중량%, 바람직하게는 0.01~0.1중량%인 제조방법.
- 제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서, 발포성 입자를 부분적으로 제거하기 전에 스티렌계 중합체 발포성 입자를 체질하는 제조방법.
- (a) 본 발명에 따른 방법으로 처리되지 않은 예비-발포입자로 부터 제조된 블록 또는 조형품을 냉각시키는데 필요한 시간과 일반적으로 동일하거나 그의 50% 보다 적은, 주형내에서의 짧은 체류시간; (b) 두께 방향으로 1% 이하인 블록의 변형; (c) 실질적으로 재순환되는 폐기 발포 생성물의 양을 첨가함으로써 성형이 수행되는 높은 소결도; (d) 예비 발포 후의 짧은 숙성 시간; (e) 표면상에서 안료하는 그외의 첨가제에 대한 고 흡수력을 나타냄을 특징으로 하는, 제1항 내지 제11항중 어느 한 항에 따른 방법으로 수득한 스티렌계 중합체 발포성 입자.※ 참고사항:최초출원 내용에 의하여 공개하는 것임.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ITMI911502A IT1247958B (it) | 1991-05-31 | 1991-05-31 | Procedimento per la produzione di particelle espandibili di polimeri stirenici aventi migliorate caratteristiche di processabilita` e meccaniche. |
| ITMI91A001502 | 1991-05-31 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| KR920021631A true KR920021631A (ko) | 1992-12-18 |
| KR100202075B1 KR100202075B1 (ko) | 1999-06-15 |
Family
ID=11360029
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR1019920009401A KR100202075B1 (ko) | 1991-05-31 | 1992-05-30 | 가공성과 기계적 성질이 향상된 스티렌계 중합체 발포성 입자의 제조방법 |
Country Status (24)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5308878A (ko) |
| EP (1) | EP0518140B1 (ko) |
| JP (1) | JP3281412B2 (ko) |
| KR (1) | KR100202075B1 (ko) |
| AT (1) | ATE184037T1 (ko) |
| AU (1) | AU645204B2 (ko) |
| BG (1) | BG61193B1 (ko) |
| BR (1) | BR9202019A (ko) |
| CA (1) | CA2069818C (ko) |
| CZ (1) | CZ285272B6 (ko) |
| DE (1) | DE69229894T2 (ko) |
| DK (1) | DK0518140T3 (ko) |
| ES (1) | ES2137165T3 (ko) |
| FI (1) | FI106867B (ko) |
| HU (1) | HU212902B (ko) |
| IT (1) | IT1247958B (ko) |
| NO (1) | NO302897B2 (ko) |
| PL (1) | PL169781B1 (ko) |
| RO (1) | RO110513B1 (ko) |
| RU (1) | RU2089565C1 (ko) |
| SK (1) | SK281431B6 (ko) |
| TN (1) | TNSN92041A1 (ko) |
| TW (1) | TW234720B (ko) |
| ZA (1) | ZA923907B (ko) |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IT1289606B1 (it) * | 1997-01-30 | 1998-10-15 | Enichem Spa | Procedimento per la produzione di particelle espandibili di polimeri stirenici |
| DE60224699T2 (de) * | 2001-09-28 | 2008-06-05 | Basf Corporation | Anti-klump verbindungen zur verwendung mit expandierbarem polystyrol |
| IT1366567B (it) * | 2005-10-18 | 2009-10-06 | Polimeri Europa Spa | Granulati espandibili a basemdi polimeri vinilaromatici dotati di migliorata espansibilita'e procedimento per la loro preparazione |
| WO2011071408A1 (ru) * | 2009-12-11 | 2011-06-16 | Gurichev Victor Borisovich | Способ получения влаговпитывающей ленты из вспененного полистирола и упаковка |
| RU2443559C1 (ru) * | 2010-08-05 | 2012-02-27 | Виктор Борисович Гуричев | Способ формования изделий для упаковки продуктов, устройство горячего формования изделий и способ увеличения толщины стенок изделий для упаковки продуктов при формовании |
| JP2013023565A (ja) * | 2011-07-20 | 2013-02-04 | Sekisui Plastics Co Ltd | 中低倍発泡成形用発泡性ポリスチレン系樹脂粒子、発泡粒子、発泡成形体及び発泡成形体の製造方法 |
| CN106749791B (zh) * | 2016-12-07 | 2018-10-23 | 河海大学 | 一种低密度聚苯乙烯微球及其制备方法 |
| CN109134912A (zh) * | 2018-06-29 | 2019-01-04 | 芜湖市新京桥包装科技有限公司 | 一种提升聚苯乙烯缓冲性能和强度的发泡剂 |
| JP7448401B2 (ja) * | 2020-03-31 | 2024-03-12 | 積水化成品工業株式会社 | 納豆容器の製造方法 |
Family Cites Families (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE941389C (de) | 1951-04-19 | 1956-04-12 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung poroeser Formkoerper aus thermoplastischen Kunststoffen |
| BE532626A (ko) * | 1953-11-24 | |||
| GB886811A (en) | 1957-11-29 | 1962-01-10 | Dow Chemical Co | Method of making a latent-foaming polymeric composition |
| DE1174969B (de) | 1959-07-08 | 1964-07-30 | Basf Ag | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von blaehfaehigen thermoplastischen Kunst-stoffen in kleinteiliger Form |
| DE1165269B (de) | 1962-08-29 | 1964-03-12 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung von feinteiligen expandierbaren Styrolpolymerisaten |
| US4169193A (en) * | 1973-02-22 | 1979-09-25 | Montedison S.P.A. | Process for preparing expandible poly-styrene particles useful for obtaining molded bodies having a cellular structure |
| US4200696A (en) * | 1974-02-21 | 1980-04-29 | Montedison S.P.A. | Process for preparing expandible particles of styrene-based polymers |
| GB1478164A (en) * | 1974-11-22 | 1977-06-29 | Kent Ltd G | Apparatus for providing a controlled concentration of a gas in a flow of liquid |
| DE2553299A1 (de) * | 1975-11-27 | 1977-06-08 | Basf Ag | Verfahren zur verringerung des treibmittelgehaltes von expandierbaren styrolpolymerisaten |
| IT1080686B (it) * | 1977-06-30 | 1985-05-16 | Montedison Spa | Particelle di polstirene espandibili migliorate e procedimento per la loro produzione |
| US4226942A (en) * | 1978-08-15 | 1980-10-07 | Monsanto Company | Foamable resins process |
| JPS5846211B2 (ja) * | 1979-03-10 | 1983-10-14 | 電気化学工業株式会社 | 発泡性スチレン系重合体粒子及びその製法 |
| DE3030053A1 (de) | 1980-08-08 | 1982-03-25 | Basf Ag, 6700 Ludwigshafen | Teilchenfoermige, treibmittelhaltige styrolpolymerisate und deren verwendung |
| US4599366A (en) * | 1985-12-23 | 1986-07-08 | Atlantic Richfield Company | Anti-static styrene polymer particles |
| JPH0742362B2 (ja) * | 1988-05-17 | 1995-05-10 | 鐘淵化学工業株式会社 | 発泡性スチレン系樹脂粒子及びその製造方法 |
| JPH0627212B2 (ja) * | 1988-07-22 | 1994-04-13 | 鐘淵化学工業株式会社 | 発泡性スチレン系樹脂粒子及びその製造方法 |
-
1991
- 1991-05-31 IT ITMI911502A patent/IT1247958B/it active IP Right Grant
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1992
- 1992-05-27 NO NO19922119A patent/NO302897B2/no not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-05-27 US US07/888,616 patent/US5308878A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-05-27 FI FI922440A patent/FI106867B/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-05-27 ZA ZA923907A patent/ZA923907B/xx unknown
- 1992-05-27 BR BR929202019A patent/BR9202019A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-05-28 CZ CS921627A patent/CZ285272B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-05-28 SK SK1627-92A patent/SK281431B6/sk not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-05-28 JP JP13542892A patent/JP3281412B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-05-28 TN TNTNSN92041A patent/TNSN92041A1/fr unknown
- 1992-05-28 AU AU17259/92A patent/AU645204B2/en not_active Expired
- 1992-05-28 BG BG96391A patent/BG61193B1/bg unknown
- 1992-05-28 RO RO92-200740A patent/RO110513B1/ro unknown
- 1992-05-28 CA CA002069818A patent/CA2069818C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-05-29 DE DE69229894T patent/DE69229894T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-05-29 DK DK92109099T patent/DK0518140T3/da active
- 1992-05-29 EP EP92109099A patent/EP0518140B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-05-29 AT AT92109099T patent/ATE184037T1/de active
- 1992-05-29 PL PL92294738A patent/PL169781B1/pl unknown
- 1992-05-29 ES ES92109099T patent/ES2137165T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-05-29 RU SU925011599A patent/RU2089565C1/ru active
- 1992-05-29 HU HU9201800A patent/HU212902B/hu unknown
- 1992-05-30 KR KR1019920009401A patent/KR100202075B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-05-30 TW TW081104239A patent/TW234720B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
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