KR20020066938A - Method of raising glassworts - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: Provided is a method for cultivating glassworts by using a slat farm or reclaimed land, thereby harvesting glassworts massively. CONSTITUTION: The method for cultivating glassworts comprises the steps of: preparing a cultivation land for glassworts by filling it with sea water to make salt content 1-4 wt.%, referred to the weight of soil; fertilizing the cultivation land with nitrogen, phosphate and potassium in the amount of 7-9kg, 12kg and 10-14kg per 10a of the cultivation land respectively; and sowing glasswort seeds then providing water thereto to growing glassworts.

Description

Method of raising glassworts {Method of raising glassworts}

The present invention relates to a cultivation method of the bark. More specifically, the present invention is to fill the soil with seawater, to form a plantation so that the salt concentration in the soil is 1% to 4% by weight based on the weight of the soil, the amount of nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potassium per 10a Fertilize to 7 Kg to 9 Kg, 12 Kg and 10 Kg to 14 Kg, respectively, then compost, tillage to allow the fertilizer and compost to be absorbed into the soil, sowing seed crops, watering the plantation It relates to a cultivation method of tung bark by germinating and growing.

In general, Salicornia herbacea (英名: glasswort) is known as a salt plant, which grows on the western coast of Korea, and is distributed in groups around sea pearls and salt fields close to seawater. Stalk is very salty and is the only plant on the planet that absorbs salt. It is known to contain abundant minerals such as sodium, calcium, magnesium, potassium, iron, and phosphorus. In Europe, salads are eaten with young stems, and in Japan, they are valued so that they are designated as natural monuments.

On the other hand, in Korea, there is no record of lumpy herbs as food or herbs, but people who live on the beach rarely eat them with herbs, and when they eat dry herbs in spring when they are languid and have no taste, the eyes become brighter. It is said that the taste of rice is improved, and in the province of Hwangdo, it is known to use tung bark as a medicine for indigestion, gastrointestinal disease, hepatitis, kidney disease, etc. These stalks have a unique salty taste and various physiological effects, and are used in traditional methods such as fresh greens and dry powder in Haenam, Jeollanam-do.

As the efficacy of the bark node is known, the development of food for this bark is progressing, but so far no bark has been grown as a crop, and thus, his cultivation technique is absent.

In particular, spurs were considered to be weeds that interfered with salt production in salt farms, and salt-dwellers frequently used herbicides to remove sponges.

Moreover, salt production in salt farms has gradually decreased since the opening of salt imports, and about 32% (about 2,357 ha) of the country's salt farms are left idle with waste salt farms, causing many problems such as loss of income source for fishers and stagnation of coastal environment. Doing.

As the utility value of the bark node is known, its demand increases, so it is no longer expected to cover this by natural harvesting methods. The present invention has been completed by exploring ways to solve the use of the land and environmental problems at once by establishing technology and further utilizing idle salt and reclaimed land.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to fill the soil with seawater, to form a plantation so that the salt concentration in the soil is 1% to 4% by weight based on the weight of the soil, the amount of nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potassium per 10a Fertilize to 7 Kg to 9 Kg, 12 Kg and 10 Kg to 14 Kg, then compost, cultivate so that fertilizers and compost are absorbed into the soil, sow seed crops, germinate bumps while watering plantation It is to provide a cultivation method of the bark, characterized in that to grow and harvest.

1 is a graph showing the growth rate and survival rate of the bark according to soil salinity concentration (FIG. 1A: growth rate, FIG. 1B: survival rate),

Figure 2 is a graph showing the growth rate of bumps according to the amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium added (Fig. 2a: bump growth rate according to fertilization of nitrogen fertilizer, Figure 2b: bump growth rate according to fertilization of phosphate fertilizer, 2c: growth of spurs with fertilizer application),

Figure 3 is a photograph of the state of growing seedlings according to the seeding method (Fig. 3a is a picture of growing seedlings grown after seeding seedlings at the time of sowing, Figure 3b is the seedlings grown after germinating seedlings of seedlings Cultivated pictures)

4 is a diagram schematically showing an example in which a dud (2), furrow (3), drainage (1), small river (4) is partitioned in the cultivated land.

Figure 5 is a step-by-step photograph of the step of cultivating the bark cultivation process in the cultivated land (Fig. 5a is a foundation for the cultivation of bark cultivation (waste salt, reclaimed land), Figure 5b is a fertilizer fertilizer for cultivating the bark, Figure 5c fertilizer Tillage work for soil fertilization after fertilization, Figure 5d is the cultivation of crop planting area (dump setting), Figure 5e is the cultivation of the cultivated land of drainage field, Figure 5f is the seed seeding (planting) operation, Figure 5g Plantation water supply management work, Fig. 5h is a crop planting weed removal work, Fig. 5i is a growing crop in July, Fig. 5j is a growing crop in September, Fig. 5k is a harvesting crop, Fig. 5l is a growing crop in November Growth, Figure 5m seed crops harvested).

According to the present invention, a method of cultivating a cultivar of cultivars is a cultivation base cultivation step for cultivating a cultivation base, a cultivation optimizing step for applying fertilizer and compost so that the cultivars can be grown in this cultivation field, and sowing the seed to the optimized plantation. It consists of a stage of growth, a stage of growth management that manages the growth of the sows, such as watering, drainage management, and weed removal, before harvesting the seeds after sowing, and the harvesting stage of harvesting the sows.

Sprouts are salineous plants that grow on salty soils, grow in buds around April-May, grow to dark green in July-August, grow up, and flowers start to bloom around September. It is a yearly plant in which seeds are formed inside a succulent stem.

In the method of growing the bark of the present invention, it is possible to cultivate bark in large quantities by setting each step to a year-round period in accordance with the natural characteristics of the bark. That is, from December to March, till the soil is sufficiently tilled, fill the seawater so that the soil is saturated and maintain the base in the cultivated soil, repeat this process several times, give fertilizer and compost, tillage of the plantation It is the time when compost is sufficiently absorbed by the soil, and the period of April to May is when sowing seeds, and after harvesting, it is time to grow crops such as watering, drainage, weed removal, etc. 7 In May to September, harvesting of branching branches occurs.

Looking at the components for the currently known bumps, the moisture content is 87.80 to 90.42%, and the ash content is 3.51 to 5.60%. In addition, it contains amino acids such as glutamic acid, aspartic acid, lysine and tyrosine, and minerals include sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, zinc, iron, copper, manganese, etc., and other components include reducing sugars and uronic acid. Etc. are contained. Specifically, the mineral content contains 203.68 mg of calcium, 150,574.28 mg of sodium, 1,097.21 mg of magnesium, 20,835.28 mg of potassium, 5.84 mg of zinc, 1.17 mg of iron, 0.58 mg of manganese, and 1.17 mg of manganese per 100 g dry weight.

Although it is shown in the literature that the average number of salts can grow up to 7.5% of soils (see Dr. Kim Jin-hye's Journal of the Sixty Six Papers (1975) pp 150-157; 'Study on the Salinity Gradient and Plant Distribution of Reclaimed Soil on the Southeast Coast of Incheon') ), The optimal condition of riddle is not known.

In the present invention, the salt concentration in the soil is changed to 1% by weight, 2% by weight, 4% by weight, 6% by weight, 8% by weight, and 10% by weight, based on the soil weight, to measure the growth rate and survival rate When the salt concentration in the soil is 1% by weight to 4% by weight, it was confirmed that the growth rate and survival rate of the bark nodes were superior to other concentrations (Reference Experimental Example 1).

In addition, by measuring the growth rate of spurs according to the fertilizer application of nitrogen, phosphoric acid and galli fertilizer, the amount of nitrogen per soil 10a is 7 Kg to 9 Kg, the amount of phosphoric acid is 12 Kg and the amount of potassium is 10 Kg to 14 Kg When the fertilizer was fertilized in the field as possible, it was confirmed that the growth is excellent (Reference Experimental Example 2).

Based on the results of these experiments, the method for cultivating the bark of the present invention will be described step by step.

1. Plantation Foundation

The cultivation of tung bark can be done by adjusting the salt concentration in general soil, but the tung bark grows in salty soil, so the existing tallow (including waste salt) and reclaimed land is used for the cultivation.

After the seed harvest is finished, till enough tillage has been cultivated between December and March, the process is repeated several times to fill the seawater with saturated seawater, so that the salinity in the cultivated soil is between 1% and 4% by weight. (See FIG. 5A).

2. Plantation Optimization Steps

Fertilizer fertilization is an essential step in the cultivation of crops, so the amount of nitrogen per 10a of soil is 7 Kg to 9 Kg and the amount of phosphoric acid is 12 Kg as the manure before seeding so as to optimize the optimal composition of the fertilizer sources identified above. , Fertilize nitrogen, phosphoric acid and galli fertilizer so that the amount of potassium is 10 Kg to 14 Kg, and additionally compost 1 ton per 10a (see Fig. 5b).

After fertilizer fertilization, the field is deeply tilled so that fertilizer and compost are sufficiently absorbed into the soil (see FIG. 5C).

3. Seeding step

Salt gardens and reclaimed land can be flooded during the rainy season due to low land area, so young seedlings can be severely damaged by fresh water. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4 so that the drainage is good, the drainage path 1 is formed between and around the plantation so that the drainage is well (see FIG. 5E). The planting area is made of 30 to 50 cm wide ribs (2) for sowing planting (dotted) and 1.5 m wide to make sowing seedlings (about 30 cm deep for drainage and water management in between, The furrow 3 having a width of about 50 cm is formed (see FIG. 5D). The furrows formed are connected to the drainage path 1 to allow drainage to prevent flooding of the plantation during the rainy season.

Seeds of seedlings are sown in the cultivated land thus produced.

As mentioned above, a seeding method includes a dot seeding and a midwife seeding, and these methods can be appropriately selected in consideration of yield, planting conditions and the like.

Double dot sowing is a method of planting seed seeds in 20 to 30 grains at intervals of 10 cm to 20 cm on a width of 30 to 50 cm, which is formed in a plantation (see FIGS. 3A and 5F).

In addition, midwife sowing is sown by scattering 5 to 12 liters of seed volume per 10a on a 1.5 m wide bank formed in the plantation (see FIG. 3B).

4. Growth Management Stage

After sowing, install a water supply facility to keep the soil moist. Particularly during drought, seed germination is severely impaired, resulting in poor germination. Filling seawater between the furrows formed between the toads (2) is also a convenient method of water management to maintain the moisture in the soil cultivated land (see Fig. 5g). Care should be taken to ensure that germinated seedlings are not flooded by rainfall during growth. In case of long-term freshwater immersion, large amount of water is absorbed by osmotic pressure, which causes a great obstacle to growth. The drainage system establishes a drainage channel around the plantation and connects the furrows (3) formed between the two dams to the drainage (1) so that the water in the plantation is drained to the drainage. To be drained (see FIGS. 5D and 5E).

In the case of midwife sowing, too much growth leads to deterioration and poor quality, so a month or so after sprouting, squeezes the spacing between 5 cm and 10 cm between shoots and removes weeds growing around the joints (see FIG. 5h).

5. Harvest stage

The knots are generally collected between July (see Figure 5i) and September (see Figure 5j) and can use economically available sites (see Figure 5k). Since the stalk is a fleshy stem without leaves, the stalk can be picked and selected only the soft branches of the green part, and can be processed according to the purpose. About 30% of the crop growth continues to grow to secure seed during harvesting.

6. Seed harvesting stage

Seedlings are needed to grow and produce seedlings the following year. Stalks start to bloom around September, and after flowering, seeds form inside the succulent stem. As the fall deeps, the stalk begins to turn red, and the stalk gradually loses moisture and the seeds mature (see FIG. 5L). From mid-October to early November, the stalks of fleshy stalks are mostly dried, and the seeds are pulled out and fall to the ground. At this time, the seeds are collected and stored in a well-ventilated place before the seed drops fall to the ground (see Fig. 5m).

On the other hand, the production in the natural state of tung bark is described in the literature (Kim Joon-ho, Min Byung-mi, 1983, Ecological Studies on the Beach Salt Plant Communities (III), on the Soil Environment, Specimen Diversity and Salt Circulation in Incheon Reclaimed Land Botany vo. 26, No. 2, 53-71), which shows that spontaneous productivity is 216 ± 72 g / m ² (26 ± 9 g / m underground) ² , above ground level 190 ± 63 g / m ² ). In comparison, the production per unit area of the present invention is 5.9 Kg and 4.2 Kg, as shown in the following Examples 1 and 2, considering that the water content is about 90%, it is confirmed that more than doubled to 400 g or more in terms of dry weight Can be.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to Examples.

Experimental Example 1

Growth Rate and Survival Rate of Stalks According to Soil Salinity

The reclaimed soil 50,000cm ³ (60Kg) was filled into the experimental section of 67cm width, 40cm length and 25cm height, and the salinity of each soil was adjusted to 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10% by weight. In each experiment, eight specimens were implanted in each test zone, followed by three repetitions according to the concentration conditions. The experimental period was examined for the growth and survival rate of each specimen for 14 weeks from July 25 to October 31. The growth rate was determined by measuring the height of each individual at weekly intervals, and the growth rate was examined. The survival rate was determined whether each individual survived every day.

SPSS professional statistics Ver. ANOVA test was performed using 7.5 (SPSS Inc, 1997), and significance test between each mean was performed at the level of p <0.05 by Duncan's multiple range test. The results of the analysis of variance are shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B.

Looking at Figures 1a and 1b, 1%, 2% and 4% soil salinity concentrations were much better than the growth rate and survival rate of 6%, 8% and 10%.

Experimental Example 2

Growth Rate of Stalks According to Fertilization Conditions of Nitrogen, Phosphoric Acid and Garlic Fertilizer

Fertilizer experiment was made by filling the reclaimed soil 50,000cm ³ (60Kg) in the experimental section of the width 67cm, length 40cm, height 25cm. In the fertilizer condition experiment, the fertilizer application was not fertilized and the growth rate of bumps was investigated by adjusting the fertilizer application rate.

Fertilizer concentration conditions were adjusted to each fertilizer fertilizer based on the amount of nitrogen, phosphoric acid, potassium to 9 Kg, 10 Kg, 12 Kg per 10a respectively. In the case of nitrogen, the amounts of phosphoric acid and potassium were fixed, and the amount of nitrogen was adjusted to 7 Kg / 10a, 9 Kg / 10a, and 11 Kg / 10a conditions. In the case of phosphoric acid, the amounts of nitrogen and potassium were fixed and the amount of phosphoric acid added was 8 Kg / 10a, 10 Kg / 10a, 12 Kg / 10a was adjusted and fertilized. The amount of potassium added was fixed by adjusting the amounts of nitrogen and phosphoric acid and adjusted to 10 Kg / 10a, 12 Kg / 10a, and 14 Kg / 10a.

Urea was used as the nitrogen source fertilizer, soluble phosphorus fertilizer was used as the phosphate source fertilizer, and ferric chloride was used as the potassium source fertilizer, and the fertilizer addition amount was adjusted and fertilized so that the amount of each component would be the said value.

Each experiment was composed of three repetition experiments for each condition, and six experiments were implanted in each experiment. The experimental period was 12 weeks, during which the growth rate of each individual was measured at 1 week intervals.

SPSS professional statistics Ver. The ANOVA test was performed using 7.5 (SPSS Inc, 1997), and the significance test between each mean was performed at the level of p <0.05 by Duncan's multiple range test. Same as 2a, 2b and 2c.

Referring to Figures 2a, 2b and 2c, the growth state of the fertilizer addition group was much better than the fertilizer addition group. In the case of nitrogen addition amount of 7 Kg / 10a and 9 Kg / 10a, phosphoric acid addition amount of 12 Kg / 10a and potassium addition amount of 10 Kg / 10a, 12 Kg / 10a and 14 Kg / 10a, Much better.

<Example 1>

Cultivation was conducted to investigate the possibility of cultivation. The plantation is a reclaimed land 33 years later located in Taecheon-ri, Chidup-eup, Sinan-gun, and used to be a salt farm (see FIG. 5A). Plantation size is 1 ha, salinity in the cultivated soil was adjusted using seawater to be about 3% by weight based on soil weight. In April, Urea 152 Kg (nitrogen added amount is 7 Kg / 10 a), solubility phosphorus ratio 600 Kg (phosphate added amount is 12 Kg / 10 a), chlorine chloride 167 Kg (potassium added amount is 10 Kg / 10 a) ) And 10 tons of compost (see Fig. 5b), the tillage was deeply cultivated so that fertilizer and compost were sufficiently absorbed into the soil (see Fig. 5c). After fertilizer fertilization, a 50cm wide ridge was made and partitioned (see FIG. 5D), and a drainage path was formed around the plantation (see FIG. 5E). Sowing was seeded with 20-30 grains at 30 cm intervals, and the seeding area was 90 a (see Fig. 5f). After seeding, seawater watering was performed between the two banks so that germination was satisfactory so that moisture in the soil was sufficiently infiltrated (see Fig. 5g). During the rainy season in June, drainage management was thoroughly carried out to prevent flooding of the plantation. Since weed growth was inhibited by weeds during the growing period, weeds of the cultivated land were removed from time to time (see FIG. 5H). The crops were harvested by harvesting the lumps that reached their maximum growth in September.

Stalks began to bloom around September, and after flowering, seeds were formed inside the stalks, and as the fall grew, the bumps began to turn red (see Fig. 5L), and from mid-October to November. At the beginning of the early days, the stalks of fleshy stalks were mostly dried and the seeds were harvested before the seeds were pulled out and dropped to the ground and stored in a well-ventilated place for the next year's cultivation (see Fig. 5m).

By jeompa seeded per unit area of the Salicornia production in the field (m ²⁾ to calculate the yield of the crop planting area (90 a = 9000 m ²⁾ as a result, the area of 5.9 Kg units of (m ²⁾ to give the product divided by .

<Example 2>

Seeds were sown in the remaining 10a of 1ha of the cultivated area of Example 1. After seeding, water supply management, drainage management, weed removal and the like were performed in the same manner as in Example 1. The crops were harvested by harvesting the lumps that reached their maximum growth in September.

Per unit area of the Salicornia produced in the field by a midwife planting (m ²⁾ to calculate the yield of the crop planting area (10 a = 1000 m ²⁾ as a result, 4.2 Kg per unit area (m ²⁾ to give a yield of divided .

The present invention avoids the production of the stalks by the conventional method of harvesting the stalks, and preserves the coastal environment and utilizes the cultivation of the coastal environment by utilizing the large scale cultivation of the uncontaminated clean stalks and further cultivating the coastal wastes or using the idle land. It can contribute to the increase.

Claims (2)

Filling the soil with seawater, arranging the plantation so that the salt concentration in the soil is 1% to 4% by weight based on the soil weight, The amounts of nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potassium per 10a of this plantation are fertilized at 7 Kg to 9 Kg, 12 Kg and 10 Kg to 14 Kg, respectively, and then composted, Tillage so that fertilizers and compost are absorbed into the soil, A seed growing method of seedling, seedling, seedlings, water management so as not to dry the cultivation of the plantings, and harvesting by sprouting the seedlings. The cultivation method according to claim 1, wherein the soil is saltfield or reclaimed land.