KR20010024941A - 오일 조성물용 스타 중합체 점도지수 증진제 - Google Patents
오일 조성물용 스타 중합체 점도지수 증진제 Download PDFInfo
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- KR20010024941A KR20010024941A KR1020007009006A KR20007009006A KR20010024941A KR 20010024941 A KR20010024941 A KR 20010024941A KR 1020007009006 A KR1020007009006 A KR 1020007009006A KR 20007009006 A KR20007009006 A KR 20007009006A KR 20010024941 A KR20010024941 A KR 20010024941A
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- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 116
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229920001195 polyisoprene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Divinylbenzene Chemical group C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003623 enhancer Substances 0.000 abstract description 21
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229920003046 tetrablock copolymer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical class CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 6
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 5
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 4
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 201000011510 cancer Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- PERLSLNQWLZSLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl hexanoate;nickel Chemical compound [Ni].CCCCCC(=O)OCC PERLSLNQWLZSLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003879 lubricant additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylaluminium Chemical compound CC[Al](CC)CC VOITXYVAKOUIBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011925 1,2-addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001934 cyclohexanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002356 laser light scattering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WGOPGODQLGJZGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;butane Chemical compound [Li+].CC[CH-]C WGOPGODQLGJZGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000518 rheometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000153 supplemental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036962 time dependent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004034 viscosity adjusting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M143/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular hydrocarbon or such hydrocarbon modified by oxidation
- C10M143/12—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular hydrocarbon or such hydrocarbon modified by oxidation containing conjugated diene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F297/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by successively polymerising different monomer systems using a catalyst of the ionic or coordination type without deactivating the intermediate polymer
- C08F297/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by successively polymerising different monomer systems using a catalyst of the ionic or coordination type without deactivating the intermediate polymer using a catalyst of the anionic type
- C08F297/04—Macromolecular compounds obtained by successively polymerising different monomer systems using a catalyst of the ionic or coordination type without deactivating the intermediate polymer using a catalyst of the anionic type polymerising vinyl aromatic monomers and conjugated dienes
- C08F297/044—Macromolecular compounds obtained by successively polymerising different monomer systems using a catalyst of the ionic or coordination type without deactivating the intermediate polymer using a catalyst of the anionic type polymerising vinyl aromatic monomers and conjugated dienes using a coupling agent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L53/00—Compositions of block copolymers containing at least one sequence of a polymer obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L53/02—Compositions of block copolymers containing at least one sequence of a polymer obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers of vinyl-aromatic monomers and conjugated dienes
- C08L53/025—Compositions of block copolymers containing at least one sequence of a polymer obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers of vinyl-aromatic monomers and conjugated dienes modified
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M143/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular hydrocarbon or such hydrocarbon modified by oxidation
- C10M143/10—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular hydrocarbon or such hydrocarbon modified by oxidation containing aromatic monomer, e.g. styrene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/04—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing aromatic monomers, e.g. styrene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/06—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing conjugated dienes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
- C10N2040/251—Alcohol-fuelled engines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
- C10N2040/255—Gasoline engines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/25—Internal-combustion engines
- C10N2040/255—Gasoline engines
- C10N2040/28—Rotary engines
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
- Graft Or Block Polymers (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
중합체 | 단계 1블록 | 단계 2블록 | 단계 3블록 | 단계 4블록 | 단계 1MW(실제) | 단계 2MW(실제) | 단계 3MW(실제) | 단계 4MW(실제) | 폴리스티렌 함량, % 계산 암 MW 기준. | 용융 점도 120℃, Mpa-s | I1/I2 |
1 | I1 | S | B | I2 | 32,500 | 10,200 | 3,300 | 19,500 | 15.6 | 2.8 | 1.67 |
2 | I1 | S | B | I2 | 36,000 | 5,800 | 7,300 | 14,000 | 9.2 | 2.2 | 2.57 |
3 | S | I1 | B | I2 | 3,100 | 26,100 | 6,000 | 14,200 | 6.3 | 1.6 | 1.84 |
4 | I1 | B | I2 | -- | 31,500 | 4,400 | 21,400 | -- | 0 | 1.3 | 1.47 |
5 | I1 | B | I2 | -- | 37,600 | 3,600 | 13,600 | -- | 0 | 1.1 | 2.76 |
6a | I | S | na | na | 65,000 | 35,000 | na | na | 35 | 1.7 | -- |
7 | S | I | -- | -- | 3,500 | 51,000 | -- | -- | 6.4 | 1.7 | -- |
8 | I1 | S | I2 | -- | 34,200 | 9,100 | 14,300 | -- | 16.5 | 1.8 | 2.39 |
na = 적용 불가능하거나 이용 불가능.a = 직쇄 중합체. |
중합체 | 중합체 %wt | Kin Vis,100℃, cSt | VI | TBSb,150℃, cP | DIN Vis 손실, % | DIN P,MPa | CCSc-20℃ cP | TPId-30℃, cP |
1 | 1.02 | 13.92 | 163-200a | 3.67 | 10.4 | 14.2 | 2,740 | 22,900 |
2 | 0.96 | 14.02 | 161 | 3.67 | 10.9 | 14.2 | 2,980 | 32,800 |
3 | 1.08 | 13.92 | 161 | 3.69 | 4.0 | 14.2 | 2,890 | 24,400 |
4 | 0.93 | 13.97 | 163 | 3.51 | 11.0 | 14.7 | 2,800 | 24,100 |
5 | 0.94 | 13.87 | 161 | 3.59 | 8.8 | 13.4 | 2,850 | 23,300 |
6 | 1.21 | 13.47 | 164 | 3.37 | 2.0 | 13.4 | 2,750 | 37,200 |
7 | 0.95 | 14.00 | 162 | 3.58 | 11.8 | 17.0 | 2,970 | 36,600 |
8 | 1.06 | 13.93 | 169 | 3.58 | 8.2 | 14.5 | 2,980 | 30,200 |
na = 적용 불가능하거나 이용 불가능.a) 시간에 따라 VI 증진b) HTHSR 점도 한계는 최하 2.9 cP이다(SAE 표준 J300)c) 크랭킹 점도 한계는 최고 3500 cP이다(SAE 표준 J300)d) 펌핑 점도 한계는 최고 60,000 cP이다(SAE 표준 J300) |
중합체 | 중합체 %wt | Kin Vis, 100℃, cSt | VI | TBS, 150℃, cP | CCS, -25℃, cP | TPI, -35℃, cP |
1 | 0.72 | 10.40 | 161a | 3.05 | 3,290 | 29,000 |
2 | 0.67 | 10.40 | 159 | 3.07 | 3,490 | 31,200 |
3 | 0.76 | 10.38 | 159 | 3.07 | 3,510 | 31,000 |
4 | 0.66 | 10.66 | 162 | 3.05 | 3,230 | 27,600 |
5 | 0.68 | 10.65 | 161 | 3.02 | 3,220 | 28,700 |
6 | 0.89 | 10.35 | 162 | 2.88 | 3,280 | 46,800 |
7 | 0.68 | 10.62 | 166 | 3.01 | 3,330 | 47,000 |
8 | 0.75 | 10.54 | 165 | 3.02 | 3,290 | 41,400 |
a) 이 경우에 시간 의존성 행동은 시간에 따른 동점도 모니터에 의해 입증되지 않았다. |
Claims (8)
- EP가 수소화 전에 6,500 내지 85,000의 수평균 분자량(MW1)을 갖는 폴리이소프렌의 바깥쪽 수소화된 블록이고;EB가 수소화 전에 1,500 내지 15,000의 수평균 분자량(MW2)과 적어도 85%의 1,4-중합율을 갖는 폴리부타디엔의 수소화된 블록이며;EP'가 수소화 전에 1,500 내지 55,000의 수평균 분자량(MW3)을 갖는 폴리이소프렌의 안쪽 수소화된 블록이며;S가 S 블록이 바깥쪽에 있을 경우에는(Ⅰ) 1,000 내지 4,000 및 S 블록이 안쪽에 있을 경우에는(Ⅱ 또는 Ⅲ) 2,000 내지 15,000의 수평균 분자량(MWs)을 갖는 폴리스티렌의 블록이며;스타 중합체 구조가 3 중량% 내지 15 중량%의 폴리부타디엔을 포함하고, MW1/MW3의 비는 0.75:1 내지 7.5:1이며, X는 폴리알케닐 커플링제의 핵이며, n은 리빙 블록 공중합체 분자 몰당 2몰 이상의 폴리알케닐 커플링제와 커플링될 때 스타 중합체에서 블록 공중합체 암의 수인,(Ⅰ) (S-EP-EB-EP')n-X(Ⅱ) (EP-S-EB-EP')n-X(Ⅲ) (EP-EB-S-EP')n-X로 이루어진 그룹에서 선택되는 구조를 가지는 스타 중합체.
- 제 1 항에 있어서, 폴리알케닐 커플링제가 디비닐벤젠인 스타 중합체.
- 제 2 항에 있어서, n이 리빙 블록 공중합체 분자 몰당 적어도 3몰의 디비닐벤젠과 커플링될 때 암의 수인 스타 중합체.
- 제 1 항, 2 항 또는 3 항에 있어서, 수소화 전에 바깥쪽 폴리이소프렌 블록의 수평균 분자량(MW1)이 15,000 내지 65,000이고, 수소화 전에 플리부타디엔 블록의 수평균 분자량(MW2)이 2,000 내지 6,000이며, 수소화 전에 안쪽 폴리이소프렌 블록의 수평균 분자량(MW3)이 5,000 내지 40,000이며, 폴리스티렌 블록의 수평균 분자량(MWs)이 S 블록이 바깥쪽에 있을 경우에(Ⅰ) 2,000 내지 4,000이고 S 블록이 안쪽에 있을 경우에는 4,000 내지 12,000이며, 스타 중합체가 10 중량% 이하의 폴리부타디엔을 포함하며, MW1/MW3의 비가 0.9:1 내지 5:1인 스타 중합체.
- 제 1 항 내지 4 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 폴리부타디엔 블록의 1,4-중합율이 적어도 89%인 스타 중합체.
- 제 1 항 내지 5 항 중 어느 한 항에 있어서, 폴리이소프렌 블록과 폴리부타디엔 블록이 적어도 95% 수소화된 스타 중합체.
- 베이스 오일과:제 1 항 내지 6 항 중 어느 한 항의 스타 중합체의 점도지수 증진량을 포함하는 오일 조성물.
- 베이스 오일 적어도 75 중량%와:제 1 항 내지 6 항 중 어느 한 항의 스타 중합체 5 중량% 내지 25 중량%를 포함하는 오일 조성물용 중합체 농축액.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US7523098P | 1998-02-19 | 1998-02-19 | |
US60/075,230 | 1998-02-19 |
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KR20010024941A true KR20010024941A (ko) | 2001-03-26 |
KR100549457B1 KR100549457B1 (ko) | 2006-02-06 |
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KR1020007009006A KR100549457B1 (ko) | 1998-02-19 | 1999-02-16 | 오일 조성물용 스타 중합체 점도지수 증진제 |
Country Status (13)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US6034042A (ko) |
EP (1) | EP1064347B1 (ko) |
JP (1) | JP4234325B2 (ko) |
KR (1) | KR100549457B1 (ko) |
CN (1) | CN1114683C (ko) |
AU (1) | AU738659B2 (ko) |
BR (1) | BR9908068B1 (ko) |
CA (1) | CA2321006C (ko) |
DE (1) | DE69909265T2 (ko) |
ES (1) | ES2201684T3 (ko) |
RU (1) | RU2201939C2 (ko) |
TW (1) | TW428025B (ko) |
WO (1) | WO1999042542A1 (ko) |
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- 1999-02-16 RU RU2000124095/04A patent/RU2201939C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
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KR20170068392A (ko) * | 2015-12-09 | 2017-06-19 | 인피늄 인터내셔날 리미티드 | 점도 지수 개선제 농축물 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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DE69909265T2 (de) | 2004-02-05 |
RU2201939C2 (ru) | 2003-04-10 |
US6034042A (en) | 2000-03-07 |
AU3028499A (en) | 1999-09-06 |
KR100549457B1 (ko) | 2006-02-06 |
BR9908068B1 (pt) | 2009-12-01 |
ES2201684T3 (es) | 2004-03-16 |
CN1291223A (zh) | 2001-04-11 |
BR9908068A (pt) | 2000-10-24 |
JP2002504589A (ja) | 2002-02-12 |
AU738659B2 (en) | 2001-09-20 |
CN1114683C (zh) | 2003-07-16 |
TW428025B (en) | 2001-04-01 |
DE69909265D1 (de) | 2003-08-07 |
EP1064347A1 (en) | 2001-01-03 |
WO1999042542A1 (en) | 1999-08-26 |
CA2321006A1 (en) | 1999-08-26 |
EP1064347B1 (en) | 2003-07-02 |
CA2321006C (en) | 2008-01-22 |
JP4234325B2 (ja) | 2009-03-04 |
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